新视野大学英语视听说教程(第二版)第三册

Uint1
III. Listening In
Task 1:On the first day
Keys:
(1)the first day (2)changing (3)really good (4)hard workers (5)went over her head
(6)explained (7)notes (8)Wednesday (9)participation (10)education
Task 2:How to select elective courses?
Keys:(1)extra training (2)chemistry (3)accounting (4)many fields of study
(5)better potential (6)business degree (7)challenging(8)how to learn
(9)better understanding (10)narrow-minded
Task3: How to get straight A's?
Keys:1.B 2.C 3. D 4.A 5.D
Uint2
Our globe is in danger!
III. Listening In
Task 1:We should have proper respect for nature!
Script:
Martha:Do you think most people in your culture respect nature?
Ed:I think so. Um... more now than before.
Martha:What do you think is the most serious environmental problem in the world today?
Ed: Today... I think damage to the ozone layer is a big problem, and another problem is pollution in big cities and things like that.
Martha: How do you learn about environmental problems?
Ed: Um... through school. A lot of clubs promote environmental safety, and some TV programs, too. They talk about environmental safety and stuff like that. Martha: Do you think students should learn more about the environment at school?
Ed: I think so. So, as they grow older, they can be more aware of all the problems that are going on, and also to prevent more problems from occurring. Martha: If you could create a new law to help the environment, what would it be?
Ed: A new law for the environment? Um... I'd probably say that when people throw away their cigarette butts, they have to throw them into the garbage bin, not just throw them everywhere because it's just littering and I hate that. So they should be fined if they throw them on the floor or on the ground.
Martha: That's a good idea. What do you personally do to help protect the environment?
Ed: I'm so against littering. I never litter. If I see somebody litter, I get really angry. So I always throw my trash into the garbage bin.
Keys:
(1)nature
(2)environmental problem
(3)pollution
(4)promote
(5)aware of
(6)from occurring
(7)law
(8)throw away
(9)fined
(10)trash
Task 2:River pollution
Script:
If you see dead fish floating on the river or notice that the water is discolored and smelly,
you know the river has been polluted, and there are four main possible causes for it.
First, fertilizer. If large amounts of fertilizer or farm waste drain into a river, the concentrations of nitrate and phosphate in the water increase considerably.Algae use these substances to grow rapidly, turning the water green.
This massive growth of algae leads to pollution. When the algae die, they are broken down by the action of the bacteria, which quickly multiply, using up all the oxygen in the water and therefore causing the death of fish.
Second, industrial waste. Factories sometimes discharge chemical waste into rivers. Examples of such pollutants include cyanide, lead, copper, and mercury. These substances may enter the water in such high concentrations that fish and other animals are killed immediately. Sometimes the pollutants enter the food chain and accumulate until they reach toxic levels, eventually killing fish and other animals.
Third, oil pollution. If oil enters a slow-moving river, it forms a rainbow-colored film over the entire surface, preventing oxygen from entering the water. Fourth, warm water. Industry often uses water for cooling processes, sometimes discharging large quantities of warm water back into rivers. A higher temperature of the water lowers the level of dissolved oxygen and upsets the balance of life in the water.
Keys:1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D
Task3: Curbing carbon emissions
Script:
Although it is not an easy task, China is striving to fulfill the promise to cut its carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40 to 45 percent in the next 10 years. Zhang Guobao, Director of the National Energy Administration, said, "The government puts great emphasis on seeking harmonious development between cities and the environment, and is readjusting the energy structure by giving
priority to the development of clean and low-carbon energies, including hydroelectric, nuclear, wind, and solar power."
Government authorities have closed small, coal-fired plants with a total capacity of 60.06 million kilowatts in the past four years. This year's target of closing 10 million kilowatts of capacity will be achieved by August.
"We have promised to the international community that 15 percent of our power will be generated from nonfossil sources by 2020," Director Zhang said. At present, non-fossil energy accounts for only 7.8 percent.
China is making efforts to increase the proportion of clean energy in its total energy consumption. Statistics show that China invested US$34.6 billion in clean energy last year, exceeding the United States which invested US$18.6 billion. Thus, China has become the world leader in generating clean energy. Five years earlier, China's investment in clean energy was only US$2.5 billion.
However, China's carbon emission reduction target cannot be achieved easily. The shift to a low-carbon economy might be met at a cost to society. For instance, more than 400,000 people were laid off as a result of the shutdown of small coal-fired power plants in the past four years. Many studies indicate that the effort to curb greenhouse gas emissions may delay China's development, affect people's income, and lead to unemployment.
Keys:1.D 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.C
Uint 3
Culture makes me what I am
Task 1:On the first day
Collectivism Individualism Individualism Collectivism
II. Basic Listening Practice
Keys: 1.B 2.A 3. D 4.B 5.A
III. Listening In
Task 1:Competition in America
Keys:1.C 2.A 3. C 4.B 5.D
Task 2:How to select elective courses?
Keys:
(1)roots
(2)what
(3)moral
(4)diligence
(5)sin
(6)teachings
(7)centuries
(8)If it's worth doing at all, it's worth doing well
(9)In English a new word has been created to describe people who work compulsively
(10)Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they
are extremely productive
Task3: Cross-cultural tips on doing business
Keys:1.D 2.A 3. D 4.A 5.C
Uint4
Taste the sweets and bitters of family life
III. Listening In
Task 1:Nuclear family living patterns
Script:
A nuclear family is typical in highly-industrialized societies.
Beginning in the early 20th century, the two-parent family known as the nuclear family was the predominant American family type.
Generally children live with their parents until they go away to a college or university, or until they find jobs and acquire an apartment or home of their own. In the early mid-20th century, the father was typically the sole wage-earner, and the mother was the children's principal caregiver.
Today, often both parents hold jobs. Dual-earner families are the predominant type for families with children in the United States.
Increasingly, one of the parents has a non-standard shift, that is, a shift that does not start in the morning and end in the late afternoon.
In these families, one of the parents manages the children while the other works. Prior to school, adequate day care of children is necessary for dual-earner families. In recent years, many private companies and home-based day care centers have sprung up to fulfill this need.
Increasingly, companies are getting involved in the arrangement of day care. Governments are providing assistance to parents that require day care as well. Keys:
(1)typical
(2)known
(3)Generally
(4)find
(5)apartment
(6)sole
(7)principal
(8)Dual-earner families are the predominant type for families with children in the United States
(9)adequate day care of children is necessary for dual-earner families
(10)companies are getting involved in the arrangement of day care
Task 2:Fatherhood in Australia
Script:
Can it be true that Australian men spend more time during the week brushing their teeth than they do alone with their children?
A new study from the University of New South Wales has discovered that during the working week, Australian fathers only spend an average of just over a minute each day alone with their children.
Australian mothers, on the other hand, spend three hours a week purely looking after their children—a much greater disparity than in other countries like America, Denmark, Italy, and France, where couples divide the childcare more evenly.
These findings will probably infuriate those who want to shake off the perhaps unfair image of Australia as a land of old-fashioned male chauvinism. According to the study, Australian fathers appear to like the fun aspects of parenthood, but shy away from the boring housework. So while they tend to be happy taking the kids to the park or to sporting events, they are unlikely to participate regularly in feeding, bathing, or taking the kids to school.
In short, Australian parenting is seen as a woman's job and a man's hobby. Many people believe that the last 20 years have seen the arrival of the so-called "new man"—the man who is willing to share the housework and childcare.
The new man has a picture of his children on his computer desktop at work; he never misses the kids' school plays, and he skips a drink at the bar after work so that he can get home in time to read bedtime story to their kids.
This study suggests that the new man feels a little more at home in Europe than in Australia.
Indeed, a poll conducted in the U.K. for the think tank the Fatherhood Institute in January indicates that almost 70 percent of British women think that men are as good at raising children as women.
That's something for Australian men to ponder while they brush their teeth! Keys:1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.T
Task3: Views on filial piety see change
Script:
With fast economic development in Hong Kong, young people are less likely to cherish the traditional notion of filial piety.
Instead, they are gradually taking a new approach to a welfare society, according to a three-year survey conducted by the City University of Hong Kong.
As many as 85 percent of the respondents expect the government to take up the responsibility for supporting the elderly, and 77 percent agree with the idea that the burden should fall on society as a whole rather than on individual families. Researcher Richard Wong, who took charge of the study, is sad about the eroding of traditional family bonds.
He said that while most people still respect their parents and grandparents, they tend to equate economic assistance with love.
When asked about how they would show their love for their old parents, many simply said they would send them to old people's homes.
Others said they would give money, and only two percent of the respondents said
they would be ready to take care of the psychological health of their parents. According to the study, middle-aged people who have children of their own take their filial duties more seriously.
Also, married women know better than men the need for this kind of loving care. Researcher Wong questioned the wisdom of adopting the new concept of government welfare.
He said, "A welfare society is founded on high tax rates, but here in Hong Kong the personal tax rate is only 15 percent.
How can you expect the government to take care of all the elderly?"
He further pointed out that even when a social security network can support all senior citizens, it cannot replace the love that only family members can give. Keys:1.A 2.A 3.A 4.D 5.C
Unit 5
III. Listening In
Task 1:Expensive holidays
Keys:1.D 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.B
Task 2:April Fool's Day
Keys:1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A
Task3: Cross-cultural tips on doing business
Keys:
(1) buy
(2) office wear
(3) likes
(4) cats
(5) pet
(6) time
(7) special dish
(8) little party
(9) little trip
(10) countryside。