北师大版高中英语选择性必修第三册课后习题 UNIT 9 HUMAN BIOLOGY 分层跟踪检测一

分层跟踪检测(一)TOPICTALK&LESSON1
A级必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Kids who study in a foreign country often have a hard time in school just because of the language (障碍).
2.Steven,in fact you shouldn’t attempt to (证明……有道理) yourself.
3.Money will be (至关重要的) to the accomplishment of our objectives.
4.You’re (肯定会) to feel nervous about your interview,but I don’t think it’ll influence your performance.
5.He systematically (滥用) his body with heroin and cocaine.
6.The majority of contracts give the publisher the right to (编辑) a book after it’s done.
7.What can we (推断) from the last paragraph about animal actors?
8.Many of the runners in the London (马拉松比赛) are raising money for charity.
9.Although they’re expensive,they last (永远) and never go out of style.
10.Scientists have warned that the use of growth hormones to make (牛) grow more quickly may result in a health risk for consumers. Ⅱ.短语填空
1.The new Chinese drug to cure
cancer,which is a major breakthrough in medical science.
2.This software processing large amounts of data quickly and accurately,making it an essential tool for businesses and organizations.
3. his older brother,Jordan is more outgoing and adventurous.
4.Medical advancements are making it possible
previously incurable conditions.
5.Kate environmental causes and volunteers regularly to clean up local parks.
6.Researchers are now the effects of climate change on plant growth.
7.When having a competition,there is no doubt that teamwork achieving common goals.
8.Our happiness,to a certain extent, our relationships with others.
9.Many young people like to travel and explore new places.
10.Sue anxiety and depression,and it’s hard for her to get out of bed every day.
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.你可以驾车或乘高铁旅行。

You can travel by driving your car
or .
2.在音乐会上,弗雷德唱了两首歌,这两首歌都很受在场观众的欢迎。

In the concert Fred sang two songs,
were very popular with the audience present.
3.芭芭拉每天都吃很多垃圾食品,以至于她常常感到身体不适。

Barbara eats every day she often feels sick.
4.气候变化的未来以及它将如何影响我们的星球,我们仍然不得而知。

the future holds for climate change and how it will affect our planet.
5.两兄弟正在讨论如何改善他们的关系,以及他们以后如何公开地交流。

The two brothers are
discussing
,and how they will communicate openly later.
B级能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
(广东佛山S7高质量发展联盟联考)
Researchers in Australia and the US are working on a project to bring the thylacine(袋狼) back from extinction,the last one of which died in the 1930s.
The team say it can be recreated using stem cells and
gene-editing technology,and the first thylacine could be reintroduced to the wild in 10 years’ time.The g roup of Australian and US scientists plan to take stem cells from a living marsupial(有袋动物) species with similar DNA,and then use gene-editing technology to “bring back” the extinct species or an eilar one.It would represent a remarkable achievement for the researchers attempting it,and require a number of scientific breakthroughs.“I now believe that in 10 years’ time we could have our first living baby thylacine since they were hunted to extinction close to a century ago,” said Professor Andrew Pask,who is leading the research from the University of Melbourne.
The population of the thylacine declined when humans arrived in Australia tens of thousands of years ago,and again when dingoes,a species of wild dog,appeared.Eventually,the thylacine could only
be found on the island of Tasmania,and was ultimately hunted to extinction.
The idea of bringing back the thylacine has been around for more than 20 years.In 1999,the Australian Museum started to pursue a project to clone the animal;and various attempts have been made ever since to gain or rebuild DNA from samples,which is capable of surviving and developing.
This latest project is a partnership between University of Melbourne and Tepany Colossal,which made headlines last year with its plans to use similar gene-editing technology to bring mammoths(猛犸象)back to life—a technology yet to become reality.
Many outside experts are rather dubious about the science behind it,suggesting de-extinction(物种复活)is just science fiction.But if scientists were to succeed in bringing back the thylacine,it would mark the first “de-extinction” event in history.
1.What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs?
A.The thylacine became extinct a decade ago.
B.Scientists will take stem cells from a thylacine.
C.Gene-editing technology is needed to recreate the thylacine.
D.The thylacine can be recreated with the existing technologies.
2.Where was the last thylacine seen?
A.In Tasmania.
B.In Teelbourne.
D.In the Australian Museum.
3.What does the underlined word “dubious” in the last para graph mean?
A.Worried.
B.Doubtful.
C.Confident.
D.Ambitious.
B
(河南南阳期中质评)
If you’ve ever watched a dog nap,you’ve probably wondered if animals dream.It’s a complicated question.We still don’t know eans dream.Studying animal dreams is even harder;dogs can’t tell us what made them whine (哀鸣) during a nap.However,a recent study
suggests spiders may e-like sleep and even visual dreams.It sounds unusual,but it may be true.
Rats recall maze memories
After rats run a maze (迷宫) during the day,they can rerun the same course while asleep,research has shown.When awake,a rat’s hippocampus,a part of the brain responsible for making and storing memories,remembers the neuron (神经元) pattern of navigating the ter when asleep,the brain reproduces the identical pattern,suggesting the rat remembers the maze.
This finding was one of the first to suggest that animals had complex dreams.Those rat brain studies show that when maze memories occur during sleep,the visual imagery that went along with them is also reactivated,meaning the sleeping rats saw what they had seen in the maze while awake.The same has been found for auditory(听觉) and even emotional areas that reactivate when the rat reruns the maze during REM sleep.
Zebra finches remember songs
Despite being known for their lyrical songs,zebra finches aren’t born singers.The birds must learn by
listening,practicing,and,perhaps,by dreaming.
In researchers learned that neurons in the birds’ forebrains fire with a distinct pattern while they sing a song.While the birds sleep,their brains reproduce this same pattern,replicating the song they heard and sang that day,suggesting the birds remember and practice songs in their sleep.
Do dreaming birds relive their waking es more like algorithms(算法) running without conscious awareness?Scientists may be getting closer to finding out.
Researcher Mourrain say s,“I would not be surprised if actual dreams were found in animals,and I think eventually we’ll be able to show that scientifically.You did something in the daytime,and your brain will replay it,integrate it,and mix it with other experiences.We’re not the only species capable of remembering and learning.”
4.Why is it more difficult to study animal dreams?
A.Animals rarely dream.
B.Animals do not speak.
C.Animals seldom snooze.
D.Animals do not e.
5.What can we say about hippocampus?
A.It makes and stores memories.
B.It remembers the pattern of the maze.
C.It enables rats to have complex dreams.
D.It helps sleeping rats to see the maze clearly.
6.Which of the following would Mourrain most probably agree with?
A.What we found in animals now are not actual dreams.
B.The science today is unable to prove that animals do dream.
C.The fact that animals dream will sooner or later be confirmed.
D.All animals in the world have the ability to remember and learn.
7.What might be the reason why scientists conduct this kind of research?
A.They want to find out the relationship between sleep and memory.
B.They hope to prove that humans are the only species that dream.
C.They try to understand animals’“dreams”and their influence on memory.
D.They attempt to improve the learning ability of these animals.
C
People with dyslexia (阅读障碍) have brains that are suitable for exploring the unknown,a trait that’s been important to the survival and success of humans.Dyslexia should be considered a difference,not a disorder,researchers at the University of Cambridge say.This is proved by studies that show people with dyslexia have special brains to es of the bigger picture.
The strengths of the dysleans adapted to changing culture.To survive,we needed to learn skills and acquire habits,but we also needed to be creative and find new solutions through exploration.In the new study,the researchers say some people specialized in taking advantage of learned information,while others focused on discovery and invention.
Studies have shown that people with dyslexia are less efficient at procedural learning than non-dyslexic people,said Taylor,who studies cognition and human evolution.“Learning to read,write or play the piano are all skills that are dependent on procedural memory;once learned,the skills can be processed automatically and rapidly,” Taylor added.
Dyslexia has long been viewed as negative.It has been called a developmental disorder,learning disability or learning difficulty.Instead,the distinction between dyslexic and
non-dysleed sim ply as a difference,said Taylor.“We all possess difficulties in areas that are other people’s strengths.It’s just unfortunate that in the case of people with dyslexia their difficulties are continually highlighted,partly due to the nature of education and also to the importance of reading and writing in our culture.”
In reframing dyslexia as a difference,society can benefit from more innovative solutions.It’s important to emphasize that people with dyslexia still face a lot of difficulties,but the difficulties
eent and an emphasis on rote learning and reading and
writing.Instead,we could nurture “explorative learning”—learning through discovery,invention,and
creativity,which would work more to their strengths.
8.What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A.People should see dyslexia as a disorder,not a difference.
B.People with dyslexia are specialized to explore the unknown.
C.People without dysleation.
D.Acquiring skills and habits is necessary for people with dyslexia.
9.Which of the following skills is NOT dependent on procedural memory?
A.Reciting a poem.
B.Writing a song.
C.Reading an article.
D.Playing the piano.
10.What should we do to reframe dysleote learning in an explorative way.
B.Value reading and writing in our culture.
C.Stress rote learning,reading and writing.
D.Focus on the difficulties people with dysleainly tell us?
A.Dysleing dyslexia:a difficulty.
C.People with dyslexia:potential inventors.
D.Dyslexia brains:a key to survival.
Ⅴ.语法填空
Dressed in long robes,a crowd of young people wander around royal gardens,with their flowing sleeves and skirts gently swaying in the light wind.They are not actors nor actresses in a movie set,1.
Hanfu enthusiasts in a themed event held in Beijing.
Benefiting from the growing 2. (popular) of the social media and a passion for traditional culture,Hanfu,the traditional clothing of the Han ethnic group,was brought back to 3. cutting edge by a new wave of young Chinese devotees.Many Hanfu communities were founded following a Hanfu revival movement 4. emerged from the desire to express national identity and their 5. (grow) cultural
confidence.Since then,some people have been volunteering to support these groups.
In recent years,a number of costume dramas 6.(gain) admiration among audiences and some Internet celebrities.Hanfu is becoming more and more 7. (attract) to people.An increasing number of young Chinese wear 8.(adapt) Hanfu as they believe the best way 9. (preserve) tradition is to adapt it to modern life.Meanwhile,they say that they wear it to show 10. (appreciate) for their heritage and to feel a connection to their roots.They even want to promote the acceptance of Hanfu as mainstream fashion.
Ⅵ.应用文写作
假定你是李华,你校网站开通了Ask a Teacher专栏,专门解答学生在英语学习方面的问题。

请你给该专栏写一封邮件,内容包括:
1.表达对该栏目的喜爱与支持;
2.提出一个令你困惑的问题。

注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.请在相应位置作答。

Dear Sir or Madam,
_______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
分层跟踪检测(一)TOPICTALK&LESSON1
Ⅰ.1.barrier 2.justify 3.crucial 4.bound 5.abused 6.edit 7.infer 8.Marathon 9.forever 10.cattle
Ⅱ.1.has the potential 2.is capable of 3.In comparison with 4.to find cures for 5.is devoted to 6.doing research into 7.is crucial for 8.depends on 9.on their own
10.suffers from
Ⅲ.1.taking a high-speed train 2.both of which 3.so much junk food;that 4.It is still unknown what 5.how to improve their relationship
Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。

澳大利亚和美国的研究人员正在开展一个项目——使用干细胞和基因编辑技术来重建袋狼。

1.C 推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“Theteamsayitcanberecreatedusingstemcellsandgene-editingtechno logy,andthefirstthylacinecouldbereintroducedtothewildin10years ’time.”可知,研究人员需要使用基因编辑技术来重建袋狼。

2.A 细节理解题。

根据第三段中的
“Eventually,thethylacinecouldonlybefoundontheislandofTasmania,
andwasultima telyhuntedtoextinction.”可知,最后一只袋狼是在塔斯马尼亚被发现的。

3.B 词义猜测题。

根据最后一段的
“suggestingde-extinctionisjustsciencefiction”可知,许多外部专家对物种复活背后的科学持怀疑态度。

故选B项。

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。

科学家研究发现动物也会做梦,且研究动物的梦可以了解动物的认知能力。

文章介绍了相关研究和发现。

4.B 细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“Studyinganimaldreamsisevenharder;dogscan’ttelluswhatmadethem whineduringanap.”可知,研究动物的梦更难是因为动物不会说话。

5.A 细节理解题。

根据第二段中
“Whenawake,arat’shippocampus,apartofthebrainresponsibleformak ingandstoringmemories,rememberstheneuronpatternofnavigatingthem aze.”可知,关于海马体,我们知道的是它制造和储存记忆。

6.C 推理判断题。

根据最后一段可知,Mourrain最有可能同意的是:动物做梦这一事实迟早会得到证实。

7.C 推理判断题。

根据第一段及最后一段内容可知,科学家进行这种研究的原因可能是他们试图理解动物的“梦”及其对记忆的影响。

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。

研究表明患有阅读障碍的人擅长探索未知事物,我们应将阅读障碍重新定义为一种差异,通过推动探索性学习去解决这类人群的困难,发挥他们的优势。

8.B 细节理解题。

根据第一、二段内容,尤其是第一段中“Peoplewithdyslexiahavebrainsthataresuitableforep ortanttothesu rvivalandsuccessofhumans.”可知,患有阅读障碍的人擅长探索未知事物。

9.A 细节理解题。

根据第三段中Taylor的话
“Learningtoread,writeorplaythepianoareallskillsthataredependen tonproceduralmemory”可知,阅读文章、写歌、弹钢琴都依赖程序记忆,背诵诗歌不依赖程序记忆。

10.A 细节理解题。

根据最后一段中“Instead,wecouldnurture
‘explorativele arning’—learningthroughdiscovery,invention,and creativity,whichwouldworkmoretotheirstrengths.”可知,将阅读障碍重新定义为一种差异需要我们推动探索性的学习,发挥患有阅读障碍的人的优势。

11.C 主旨大意题。

根据第一段中“Peoplewithdyslexiahavebrainsthataresuitableforeportanttothesu
rvivalandsuccessofhumans.”及下文介绍可知,研究表明患有阅读障碍的人擅长探索未知事物,善于发明与创造,因此我们应将阅读障碍重新定义为一种差异。

C项“有阅读障碍的人:潜在的发明家”符合文章大意。

Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。

得益于社交媒体的日益普及和对传统文化的热爱,汉服——汉族的传统服装,被新一波中国年轻爱好者带回到了最前沿。

1.but 考查连词。

根据前文“Theyarenotactorsnoractressesinamovieset”和“HanfuenthusiastsinathemedeventheldinBeijing”可知,前后构成转折关系,应用连词but。

2.popularity 考查名词。

在介词from后应用名词。

3.the 考查冠词。

thecuttingedge意为“前沿”,为固定搭配。

4.which/that 考查定语从句。

引导定语从句,在定语从句中作主语,指物,应用关系代词which或that。

5.growing 考查形容词。

修饰名词confidence应用形容词growing 表示“日益增长的”,作定语。

6.havegained 考查时态。

根据时间状语Inrecentyears可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语为anumberofcostumedramas,谓语应用复数。

7.attractive 考查形容词。

在句中作表语应用形容词。

8.adapted 考查时态。

adapt和逻辑主语Hanfu为被动关系,且动作已完成,应用过去分词作定语。

9.topreserve 考查动词不定式。

way后常用不定式作后置定语。

10.appreciation 考查名词。

在动词show后应用名词appreciation 表示“欣赏”,作宾语。

Ⅵ.
DearSirorMadam,
I’msoenforusstudentssothatwecanaskquestionsthatwecan’tsol veduringclasses.
Truthtobetold,IhavebeenhavingdifficultieslearningEnglishgra mmar,especiallyaboutthetensesandvoices.Whatisthehardesttomeisth atIcanneverrememberwhentousethePresentPerfectTenseortheSimplePa stTense.I’mwritingtoyoutodayandIhopeyoucangivemesomeusefulsugg estions.
I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply!
Yours,
LiHua。