必修四 Unit 4 高考提能专训

必修四Unit 4 高考提能专训
[高考提能专训]
阅读理解提速练(2篇阅读＋1篇七选五)
(限时：25分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·揭阳一模)In between running one of the world's largest charitable agencies and acting as Microsoft's technology advisor, Bill Gates manages to find time to read books, both long and short. Now Gates —who has been labeled a “greedy” reader — has released a list of his favorite books. All of the books are standout reads, according to the billionaire, most of which are focused on business and economy.
Here are Bill's top four picks (with parts of his full review of each book)．
Business Ad v entures, by John Brooks
Brooks'collection was published in 1969 and remains one of Gates'favorites. He re-read it again this year, labeling it the best business book he has ever read.
“Shortly after we met, Warren Buffett lent me this collection of business articles from The Ne w Yorker from the 1950s and 1960s. I loved them as much as he did. Brooks' insights (洞察力) into business have aged beautifully, and they are as true today as ever.”
Capital in the T w enty-First Century, by Thomas Piketty
Piketty's novel hit the shelves in August 2013 and sparked much discussion concerning income inequality throughout this year. Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the non-fiction work to discuss the topic.
“As I told him, although I have concerns about some of his secondary points and policy prescriptions, I agree with his most important conclusions: inequality is a growing problem and governments should play a role in reducing it.”
Ho w Asia Works, by Joe Studwell
Studwell's work, which was published in May 2014, addresses how countries such as Japan, South Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth, and why other countries have failed to do the same.
“The agriculture section of the b ook was particularly insightful. It provided ample food for thought for me as well as the whole Agriculture team at our foundation. And it left us thinking about whether parts of the Asian model can apply in Africa.”
Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization, by Vaclav Smil
Smil's books are a constant favorite of the Microsoft's founder —one of his books makes Gates' list almost every year. Making the Modern World came out late in 2013 and
explores the global use of materials, from silicon to wood and plastic.
“If anyone tries to tell you we're using fewer materials, send him this book. With his usual skepticism and his love of data, Smil shows how our ability to make things with fewer materials — say, soda cans that need less aluminum — makes them cheaper, which actually encourages more production.”
语篇解读：本文介绍了比尔·盖茨喜欢阅读的四本关于商业和经济的书。

1．The books mentioned in the text are mainly about ________.
A．charity in the world
B．business and economy
C．poverty in the world
D．Bill Gates' life experience
解析：选B细节理解题。

根据第一段的最后一句“All of the books are standout reads, according to the billionaire, most of which are focused on business and economy.”可知，比尔·盖茨喜欢的这些书都是优秀读物，其中大部分书与商业和经济有关，故B项正确。

2．Of the books, ________ is best praised by Bill Gates.
A．Ho w Asia Works
B．Capital in the T w enty-First Century
C．Business Ad v entures
D．Making the Modern World：Materials and Dematerialization
解析：选C细节理解题。

根据第三段的第二句“He re-read it again this year, labeling it the best business book he has ever read.”可知，Business Ad v entures这本书是最受比尔·盖茨称赞的，故C项正确。

3．Gates once had a personal discussion with the author of________.
A．Capital in the T w enty-First Century
B．Business Ad v entures
C．Ho w Asia Works
D．Making the Modern World：Materials and Dematerialization
解析：选A细节理解题。

根据第五段的第二句“Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the non-fiction work to discuss the topic.”可知，比尔·盖茨和Capital in the T w enty-First Century这本书的作者坐下来交谈过，故A项正确。

4．In Ho w Asia Works, the author analyses ________.
A．why African agriculture cannot develop fast
B．how they can apply Asian economic model in African countries
C．why Asia is slow in agricultural development
D．how some Asian countries have rapidly grown in economy
解析：选D细节理解题。

根据第七段中的“addresses how countries such as Japan, South Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth”可知，Ho w Asia Works主要介绍了一些亚洲国家如日本、韩国和中国是如何快速发展经济的，故D项正确。

B
(2018·山东省部分重点中学联考)The Scottish composer Evelyn Glennie lost nearly all her hearing as a young girl, yet went on to a very successful career in music including winning Grammy awards. When somebody asks her，“How do you hear？”She responds, “How do you hear? Is it only with your ears？”For Glennie, and for us too, listening is not only hearing, but is understanding. We need to listen to what is said and unsaid, and also how it is said.
It's important to hear what people say accurately. As Mark
Twain said，“The difference between the right word and the almost
right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug
(萤火虫)．” If you miss something or you're not sure you've heard
accurately, ask the speakers. At this point you're not evaluating what they say, but just looking for accuracy and understanding. Here are some ways to get clear about what they say and don't say. Why are they saying this now, instead of sooner or later? Why are they emphasizing these points, instead of something else?
Listen to how it is said. People send signals about what they mean with their voices and body language that sometimes differ from the words they say. While going through the next points, think about someone whose real meaning you might sometimes miss, and see if any of these signals might come up. First, voices. When others speak, notice changes in their volume, pace, and tone. Second, body language. Notice gestures, eye contact, and facial expressions. Do these sync what they are saying, or do they tell a different story? Third, emotions. What is the person true feeling? Now you might not know for sure, but be considerate, open to understanding, and ask thoughtful questions.
语篇解读：本文讲述了聆听的内涵。

我们要听懂说话人想要表达的言外之意，并且要注意说话方式。

5．What's the writer's purpose of mentioning Evelyn Glennie?
A．To give an example of wise words.
B．To introduce a world-famous musician.
C．To help explain the meaning of listening.
D．To encourage us to fight against disability.
解析：选C推理判断题。

根据第一段中的“For Glennie, and for us too, listening is not only hearing, but is understanding.”可知，对于Glennie和“我们”来说，聆听不仅是用耳
朵听而且是理解，这里说明了聆听的内涵。

所以选项C正确。

6．What can we learn from what Mark Twain said?
A．It is important to have a good knowledge of English words.
B．People should know words can be used in many different ways.
C．English is a very complicated language with a large vocabulary.
D．The slight difference between words may result in misunderstanding.
解析：选D推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“It's important to hear what people say accurately.”和“At this point you're not evaluating what they say, but just looking for accuracy and understanding.”可知，准确听懂说话者的意思很重要。

因此，选项D“词语的细微差异可能导致误解”与Mark Twain所说的话意思相吻合。

7．What does the und erlined word “sync” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Match.B．Prove.
C．Describe. D．Analyze.
解析：选A词义猜测题。

画线词前的修饰词these指代前一句中的“gestures, eye contact, and facial expressions”；再根据画线词后的“what they are saying, or do they tell a different story”可推断，match与画线词意思相近。

故选A。

8．Which is the best title for this passage?
A．Speak While You Listen B．Listen Beyond Words
C．Read Between Lines D．Think as You Talk
解析：选B标题归纳题。

本文主要说明通过观察说话人的说话方式来听懂说话人想表达的言外之意。

所以选B。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2018·深圳调研)
Empathy, the Key to Being Kind
In science class, your teacher tells everyone to find a partner for a project. Out of the corner of your eye, you notice one girl sitting alone and not making eye contact with anyone. You think about asking her to be your partner, but you're afraid people will think you're uncool. You don't reach out to them. __1__
Empathy is being able to understand and actually feel what someone else is feeling. For some people, this comes naturally; for others, it takes a bit more work. __2__ When you practice being empathetic, it gets easier to make kindness part of your everyday life. If you can understand why people are feeling down, you'll want to help them. Here are some ideas that can help you.
__3__ Not being able to find a group in class might not seem like a big deal — but part of being kind is noticing when someone seems sad, hurt or uncomfortable. After all, you have
to notice how people feel in order to feel empathy and want to help them!
When you're trying to make kindness second nature, really getting other people's feelings is important. __4__ Think about a time when you felt that way. Didn't you wish someone would reach out to you? If someone had offered you a few words of comfort, wouldn't it have made you feel so much happier?
So, when you find people around you who are feeling down next time, do not hesitate to put yourself in their shoes and reach out to them with a kind gesture. __5__ There is always a time when you expect others to relate to you and feel what you feel.
A．And your kindness will be finally rewarded.
B．But empathy is super important to being kind.
C．Be open to learning more about what you don't understand.
D．One way to practice empathy is to pay attention to the people around you.
E．However, you never know showing empathy may make all the difference to her.
F．You don't have to have a similar background to someone else to feel empathy for them.
G．Whenever you find someone might be feeling lonely or sad, put yourself in his shoes.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“移情”的作用和定义，并介绍了如何让自己更好地帮助别人、理解别人。

1．选E分析文章结构可知，本空用来引入本文的话题，在这里起到承上启下的作用。

结合标题“Empathy, the Key to Being Kind”可知，空处说明你可以通过“移情”解决问题，引出对“移情”的作用的介绍，所以选E项。

2．选B根据空后一句中的“it gets easier to make kindness part of your everyday life”可以判断，“移情”对使善良成为每日生活的一部分非常重要，故B项正确。

3．选D根据本段内容可知，本段介绍的是如何实现“移情”；结合本段尾句可知，本段主要陈述“关注周围的人”这一方法，故D项正确。

4．选G根据空前的“really getting other people's feelings”和空后的“Think about a time when you felt that way.”可知，理解别人的情感十分重要，据此可以判断，G项与此处匹配。

5．选A根据空前一句中的“do not hesitate ...with a kind gesture”及空后一句可知，当你遇到沮丧的人时，应当毫不犹豫地设身处地为他们着想并伸出援助之手，因为总会有一些时候，你也期待别人能理解你；据此可以判断，A项符合语境。