小学英语6年级英语语法专题突破 感叹句、祈使句基础知识与练习(学生版)

6 感叹句、祈使句基础知识与练习
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了解学生的学习情况
知识导图
课首小测
1.
The children are playing basketball on the playground _______________ (happy).
【学有所获】 一般情况下，形容词变为副词直接在形容词后面加___________; 遇到以y 结尾的形容
词则需要把y 变成i ，再加ly; 有些词既是形容词，又是副词：
_____________________________________________。

[学有所获答案] ly; fast, high, early, late, hard 等。

2.
Mary is one of the _______________ (good) students in our school.
3.
The _______________ (story) are very interesting.
4.
Kitty is arriving on Sunday, the _______________ (five) of January.
5.
He _______________ (visit) the farm next week.
6. [单选题]
In the very beginning the teacher's word made __________ feel excited. A. they B. their C. them D. Theirs
【学有所获】 人称代词主格作_________语，宾格作________语，一般放在________词和________词
的后面。

[学有所获答案] 主；宾；动；介
7. [单选题]
--- Would you like __________ juice? --- Yes, please. A. some B. any C. little D. many
8. [单选题]
As I know, Dick did everything __________ than his brother when they were young. A. more careful B. as carefully C. most carefully D. more carefully
9. [单选题]
David is a __________ musician. He can play the piano very __________.
A. good, good
B. well, well
C. well, good
D. good, well
10. [单选题]
We shouldn't __________ the animals at the zoo, that 's the rule.
A. feeds
B. feeding
C. feed
D. feeder
导学一
感叹句
知识点讲解1：what 引导的感叹句常见结构
例句： What a great artist he is！他是个多么伟大的艺术家！
What an honest girl she is ! 她是一个多么诚实的女孩呀！
结构一：What +____________ +___________+___________ + 主语+ 谓语！
例句： What beautiful flowers they are ! 多么漂亮的花呀！
结构二：What +___________ + ____________ + 主语+ 谓语！
例句： What fine weather it is！多么晴朗的天气啊！
结构三：What +___________ + ____________ + 主语+ 谓语！
我爱展示
1.
多么漂亮的一个女孩呀！
What _______________ _______________ _______________ she is !
2.
多么高的树呀！
What _______________ _______________ they are !
3.
多干净的水呀！
What _______________ _______________ _______________ is !
知识点讲解2：how 引导的感叹句常见结构
例句: How great the artist is！多么伟大的艺术家！
How beautiful the flowers are ! 多么漂亮的花呀！
How fine the weather is！多么晴朗的天气啊！
结构一：How +____________ + 主语+ 谓语！
注意：由how引导的有名词的感叹句，how后面不能加a/an。

例句: How happily the children are playing ! 孩子们玩得真开心啊！
结构二：How +___________ + 主语+ 谓语！
我爱展示
1.
这辆汽车跑地多快呀！
How _______________ _______________ _______________ runs !
2.
她真漂亮呀！
How _______________ _______________ is !
3.
它们是多么可爱的猫呀！
How _______________ the cats _______________!
知识点讲解3：what和how 引导的感叹句的区别
例句
多美丽的玫瑰花呀！
How beautiful the rose is！
What a beautiful rose it is！
例句
多么晴朗的天气呀！
How sunny the weather is！
What sunny weather it is！
例句
这些学生多么的努力学习呀！
How hard the students work！
总结：what和how引导的感叹句的区别：去掉每个句子的主语和谓语，由how引导的感叹句只剩下_________词和_________词；由what引导的感叹句剩下形容词和_________词，形容词是用来修饰它的；_________引导的感叹句不能用于修饰副词的句子中。

我爱展示
1.
How wet it is today! （同义句转换）
_______________ _______________ wet day it is today !
2.
What an interesting book it is! （同义句转换）
_______________ _______________ the book is!
3.
They have a very lovely daughter. （把句子改为感叹句） ______________________________ daughter they have !
4.
The sun shines so brightly. （把句子改为感叹句） ______________________________ the sun shines!
知识点讲解 4：what 和how 引导的感叹句的省略形式
例句: What a pity ！ 多么令人遗憾啊！ How fast ！ 真快呀！ How high ！ 真高啊！
总结：what 和how 引导的感叹句形式其实就是把_______________ 和_______________省略了。

我爱展示
1.
These flowers are very beautiful. (改为感叹句)
_______________ _______________ these flowers are!
【学有所获】 判断是用What 还是How 有两个步骤：一：去掉句中的___________和___________；
二：看剩下的单词，如果有形容词和名词的，那么就用___________（还要注意如果是
可数名词单数时要记得加上a/an ）；如果剩下的是形容词或者副词的，就用___________。

[学有所获答案] 主语；谓语；What ；How
2.
The little boy is very clever. (改为感叹句)
_______________ _______________ the little boy is!
3.
It’s a funny story. (改为感叹句)
_______________ _______________ _______________ story it is!
4.
She is a good girl! (改为同义句)
_______________ _______________ _______________ girl she is!
5.
How delicious the food is! (改为同义句)
_______________ _______________ food it is!
6.
They are running fast. (改为感叹句)
_______________ _______________ they are running! 7.
Her sister is a very lovely girl. (改为感叹句)
_______________ _______________ lovely girl her sister is!
_______________ _______________ her sister is!
8.
I have read a very interesting book. (改为感叹句)
_______________ _______________ _______________ book I have read!
9.
Your dictionary is very useful. (改为感叹句)
_______________ _______________ your dictionary is!
10.
The children are singing and dancing happily. (改为感叹句)
_______________ _______________ the children are singing and dancing!
11.
The boy is very clever．(改为感叹句)
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ he is!
导学二祈使句
知识点讲解1：祈使句概念
用以表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等的句子叫做祈使句。

祈使句的主语通常为第二人称you，但是通常省略；祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。

知识点讲解2：祈使句肯定句句式结构
例句：Do型: ___________ + 宾语+ 其它成分
Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。

例句：Be型: ___________ + 形容词+ 其它成分
Be careful! 小心！
例句：Let型: __________ + 宾语+ __________ + 其它成分
Let me help you. 让我来帮助你吧。

我爱展示
1.
请打开门。

_______________ _______________ _______________ please.
2.
做一个好孩子。

_______________ _______________ _______________ boy.
3.
让我们休息一下吧。

_______________ _______________ _______________ a rest.
4.
请安静。

_______________ _______________ please.
5.
穿上你的外套。

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ please.
知识点讲解3：祈使句否定句句式结构
例句：Don’t forget me！
Don’t be late next time！
Don’t let him go！
Let him not go！
总结：1. Do型和Be型的否定句都是在___________ 加___________构成;
2. Let型的否定式有两种:“___________ + let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分”
“Let + 宾语+ ___________ + 动词原形+ 其它成分”。

知识点讲解4：祈使句的反义疑问句
例句： Do me a favor, will you?
Don"t cry, will you?
总结：祈使句的反意疑问句无论陈述句是肯定还是否定，附加疑问句都用_______________?
我爱展示
1.
Put on your coat, _______________ _______________?（改为反义疑问句）
2.
Don’t talk in class, _______________ _______________?（改为反义疑问句）
3.
Let’s go swimming this Sunday, _______________ _______________?（改为反义疑问句）
4. [单选题]
__________ this kind of peach, and you will like it.
A. To try
B. Trying
C. Try
D. Tried
5. [单选题]
__________ the radio, please. The baby is sleeping now.
A. Not turn on
B. Don’t turn on
C. Not turn down
D. Don’t turn down
6. [单选题]
--- Please bring your homework to school tomorrow, Steven.
--- OK, I __________.
A. will
B. won’t
C. do
D. don’t
7. [单选题]
--- Peter, don’t step on the grass.
--- __________.
A. It doesn’t matter
B. I can’t do it
C. Don’t worry
D. Sorry, I won’t do it again.
导学三技能训练
知识点讲解1：书面表达训练之写物
一、写物的文章特点：就是描写物体的样子和情态，描写的对象也非常广泛，凡是物．不论是动物、植物、物品、器械、建筑物都可以列入描写的范围。

二、写物的文章应注意的事项：
1).首先要写出物的形态，不管是花鸟树木、飞禽走兽还是无生命的静物，都要注意写出它们的形态，描写要具体，力求逼真。

2).写物要做到生动有趣、条理清楚。

3).为了使物体更加生动具体，我们还可以采用作比较和打比方的方法来丰富描写，以增强文章的感染力。

三、范文
1). Book
Book is our best company. It always was, and will never change. A book is often the best treasure of a life. It introduces us into the best society and bring us the presence of the great minds. Temples and statues decay, but books survive.
When I feel sad, I would turn to book for release my sorrows and pains. Book often provides the comforts for me. Some people say there is no time to read book, but I think they probably can‘t settle down their minds. They might have wasted their valuable things and the greatest companies. I am glad I keep reading book as my best interest.
I will benefit from book and have a great future.
2). Football
Football is connected with the people throughout the world. It has become a part of people's life..Every day, man), football matches are going on here and there around the world. Pick up a newspaper and you can learn the the results of the football matches. We enjoy playing football, watching football games after work. During the football matches of the World Cup, millions of people watch the matches on TV. When their favorite teams win, they will give them three cheers. When they fail, they feel sad. We all hope our national team will be the strongest one in the world.
3). My Rabbit
I have a very pretty rabbit. Its name is Koukou. Koukou is very fat. She wears white coat. She has two red eyes. They look like two red diamonds. She has long ears. She can run and jump. She likes eating carrots. She lives in the kitchen. My rabbit is very smart. I often play with KouKou .I like rabbit—KouKou. Do you like her?。