最新中考英语试卷分类汇编英语 任务型阅读理解(及答案)

最新中考英语试卷分类汇编英语任务型阅读理解(及答案)
一、英语任务型阅读
1．根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

The population of the world continues to increase, but in some areas the population is falling. This is true in Europe and especially in Eastern Europe. In Russia, the population is going down by about 100 people EVERY HOUR! Russia's population could fall by ONE THIRD by the year 2050! And in Poland (波兰) the population is also going down because people are leaving to work in other countries.
One of the main reasons is a change of lifestyle. All over Europe people, especially educated women, have a different attitude(态度) to children than their parents. "I have one child and she is enough for me," said Galina Tereschkova, a doctor from Moscow. "My husband and I both work full—time. We can't imagine having more than one child." Many women decide to have children later in life or not to have children at all. "I don't want to have any children until I have worked for at least 10 years," said 19-year-old student Hana Markova from Prague. Her opinion is typical of 18~24 year old women everywhere in Europe.
In Poland, the population is going down for a different reason. A lot of people, usually aged between 20 and 30, are leaving the country to work abroad. Poland joined the European Union in 2005 and since then more than half a million people have moved to Britain, Germany, Spain and Italy. Even so, the population of those four countries and many other countries in West Europe is also going down.
Many governments are now encouraging people to have larger families. In France, women now receive nearly $1,000 a month for a year if they have a third child. Austrian women receive $700 a month for three years when they have their first child.
（1）Where in the world is the population getting smaller?
（2）How many children does Galina Tereschkova want to have?
（3）What does Hana Markova want to do before she has children?
（4）Why is the population in Poland going down?
（5）How does the French government encourage people to have larger families now?
【答案】（1）In Europe and especially in Eastern Europe.
（2）One.
（3）She wants to work for at least 10 years.
（4）Because a lot of people, usually aged between 20 and 30, are leaving Poland to work abroad./ The change of lifestyle.
（5）By giving women nearly $1000 a month for a year if they have a third child.
2．阅读下面一段短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，每个空格只填一个单词。

Creating a study plan
Studying is important to students. But it is always difficult to find enough time to study every subject you need. So a good plan helps you to make sure of your success in study.
Then, how to make a study plan? Well, you can begin with listing all the subjects you need to study and make sure what you need to do for each subject. Next, you should decide how much time you should spend on different subjects. Now, it is a good idea to study at the same time every day. In this way, you actually have a plan you can remember easily. While arranging (安排) time for each subject, you also need to make sure that you still have time for family, friends and rest. This is because you won't be able to succeed in your studies unless you balance your personal life and your study.
Once the plan is made, the next thing you need to do is to follow it. One of the biggest challenges in following your study plan is that you will be tempted (诱惑) to avoid it and do something relaxing, or fun instead. Luckily, you can fight this temptation by taking breaks. But be sure not to take extra breaks or too long breaks as it can affect your plan. So at the start of your break，set an alarm clock to remind you when your break is over. Also, you need to use your break wisely. For example, go for a short walk, eat a small snack, or listen to some music.
To avoid forgetting to follow your plan, try to get into the habit of looking at your calendar every day. Sometimes our plans are herd to follow because some important people in our lives distract (使分心) us from our goals. In order to avoid this, tell people in your life about your plan. Put up a copy of your study guide at home so you and your family can see it, and email a copy to your friends so they know when you have spare time.
3．下面短文中有四处需要添加小标题。

阅读短文，然后从方框中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并完成最后一题。

（1）从方框中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出符合各段意思的小标题
study.
________
Normal people need 7 to 9 hours of sleep every night. But for teenagers, a healthy amount (数量) is about 8 to 10 hours. Sadly, only 1/3 of people manage that.
________
Tiredness usually reaches its highest twice a day, at 2 a.m. and 2 p.m. That explains why students easily fall asleep in afternoon classes. So sleeping at noon for a while helps us work better in the rest of the day
________
People can make mistakes if they don't get enough sleep. Students cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports. Drivers who have fallen asleep while driving have caused 1%-10% of the traffic accidents in our life. And we can imagine what will happen if a doctor feels sleepy at the operating-table!
________
There are several ways that can help us sleep better, such as avoiding drinks that make us excited late in the day, going to sleep at the same time each night, and sleeping in a comfortable place that is dark, quiet and warm.
（2）The passage mainly encourages us to ________ (不得超过5个单词)
【答案】（1）B；C；A；D
（2）develop good sleeping habits
4．根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

You must have heard about jogging(慢跑)as a popular way of keeping fit, but what about plogging? Plogging is a mix of jogging and picking up litter, coming from the Swedish phrase "plocka upp". It started as an organized activity in Sweden around 2016 and then spread to other countries step by step. For exercising, plogging is much better than simply running, because it provides changes in body movements by adding bending(弯曲), squatting(蹲) and stretching(伸
展).
As 2018's hottest fitness way, plogging has become popular in more than 40 countries, from the US to France and Australia to Thailand. The idea of plogging is to pay attention to environmental protection as well as physical health — to care for Mother Nature as well as your body. "I run a lot and I love to spend time in nature. When I find litter out in the woods, it makes me sad and a bit angry. Plogging is a natural way to do something about that," Tesch said." It's so easy to just pick up the litter and put it in the nearest bin, and it makes you feel that you're making a difference!"
Have you noticed people jogging while carrying trash bags recently? Or running along with hands full of dirty plastic bottles? You might do soon! Because plogging has reached China. Olivier, a Frenchman married to a Chinese girl, began promoting(促进)plogging in Huizhou, Guangdong Province, back in April. He and his wife were the only ones doing it at first, he said, but the craze soon caught on. The couple have set up a WeChat group for people to learn more about plogging. Currently there are more than 100 people from different parts of the country in the group to take an active part in the environmental movement. In honor of World Environment Day this year, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China(中国工商银行)started plogging campaigns (运动)in 280 cities, attracting 13,000 people to join in.
Plogging can be done almost anytime and anywhere, and costs almost nothing. Will you take it up?
（1）What's the meaning of the word "plogging"?
（2）Where did the activity first start?
（3）Up to 2018, how many countries has the activity spread to?
（4）Why can the idea of plogging become so popular?
（5）How did Olivier and his wife make people learn more about plogging?
【答案】（1）It's a mix of jogging and picking up litter, coming from the Swedish phrase "plocka upp".
（2）In Sweden.
（3）More than 40 countries.
（4）Because it is to pay attention to environmental protection as well as physical health./Because it cares for Mother Nature as well as your body.
（5）The couple set up a WeChat group for people to learn more about plogging/By setting up a Wechat group for people to learn more about plogging.
5．阅读下面短文，简略回答所提出的问题。

Once upon a time, there was a king. He only had one leg and one eye, but he was very smart
and kind. Everyone lived a happy and healthy life because of the king. One day, the king was walking through the palace hallway and saw the paintings of his ancestors(祖先).He thought that one day his children would also walk in the same hallway and remember all the ancestors through these paintings. He wanted his children to remember him, too. So he invited many famous artists to his palace.
All of the artists began to think about the king's physical disabilities(生理缺陷). How could his painting be made very beautiful? It was not possible. They weren't sure what his painting would be like. So one by one, they all started to politely refuse to make a painting of the king.
But suddenly one artist raised his hand and said he would make a very nice painting of the king. The king became happy hearing that. Then the artist started painting. After a long time, the painting was ready.
When the artist showed the painting, everyone was shocked. In the painting, the king was sitting on a horse, on the one—leg side, holding his bow (弓箭) and aiming (瞄准) something with his one eye closed. The king was very happy and gave him lots of money.
As we all know, no one is perfect. So we should try to focus on (关注) others' advantages instead of their disadvantages. Just take an optimistic view (乐观的观点) of the event. Everyone can do a good job.
（1）What did the king see in the palace hallway?
（2）Why did the king invite artists to draw a painting of him?
（3）Was it an easy job or a hard job to draw a painting of the king.
（4）How did the king like the painting?
（5）What can we learn from the artist?
【答案】（1）（The king/He saw )the paintings of his ancestors.
（2）Because the king/he wanted his children to remember him. (too)
（3）It was a hard job./ A hard job.
（4）It was nice/ perfect/ wonderful/ beautiful /…
（5）We should try to focus on others' advantages instead of their disadvantages. / We should take an optimistic view of the event.
6．根据短文内容，填写所缺单词，每个空格只填1个单词。

'USA? Britain? Which country is better to study in?' We often hear such discussions. As China opens its door, it is a dream for many Chinese students to study abroad. They want to learn about the outside world.
It's true that studying abroad can help students develop themselves. Their foreign language skills will be improved and it may be easier to find jobs.
But there are problems that should be considered. Language is the first. Students must spend a lot of time learning another language.
Students must also learn to live without parents' care and deal with all kinds of things they haven't had to do before, like looking after themselves. There are reports about Chinese students abroad running into an ocean of difficulties and giving up finally. When they have to take care of themselves, it is hard for students to study well.
Finally, studying abroad brings a heavy burden (负担) to the family. For most Chinese parents, the cost of studying abroad is very high. But is it worth it?
We know that there are many famous people who have achieved success through their hard work in China. Liu Xiang is a good example. Once an American teacher invited him there, but he refused. He kept training hard with his Chinese teacher. He surprised the world when he won a gold medal at the Athens Olympic Games. So when you wonder which country is better to study in, think again.
without；high；successful
【解析】【分析】文章大意：出国学习是很多人的选择，但是出国学习也会有很多问题，首先要学会照顾自己，其次出国留学会给家里的经济带肋负担。

所以在出国留学之前必须要知道去哪一个国家才是最合适的。

（1）标题判断题。

根据文章内容可知，文庄主要论述了是在家里学习还是在国外学习，故答案是abroad。

（2）细节理解题。

根据it is a dream for many Chinese students to study abroad.可知，出国留学成为了中国学生的梦想，故答案是dream。

（3）细节理解题。

根据It's true that studying abroad can help students develop themselves.可知，出国留学可以提高学生自己，故答案是develop。

（4）细节理解题。

根据Their foreign language skills will be improved可知，出国留学可以帮着提高外语技能，故答案是improve。

（5）细节理解题。

根据it may be easier to find jobs.可知，对于学生来说找工作也更加容易，故答案是easily。

（6）细节理解题。

根据根据右栏内容可知，这部分主要说的是出国留学的不利的方面或者出国留学面临的问题，故答案是Problems/Disadvantages。

（7）细节理解题。

根据Students must spend a lot of time learning another language.可知，学习外语要花费许多时间，It takes sb. some time to do sth.固定句式，故答案是
takes。

（8）细节理解题。

根据Students must also learn to live without parents' care可知，学生们必选要学会在没有父母照顾下生活，There are reports about Chinese students abroad running into an ocean of difficulties and giving up finally.而很多孩子很难适应没有父母照顾的生活，故答案是without。

（9）细节理解题。

根据Finally, studying abroad brings a heavy burden (负担) to the family. For most Chinese parents, the cost of studying abroad is very high.可知出国留学会给父母很大的压力，因为花销太高，故答案是high。

（10）细节理解题。

根据We know that there are many famous people who have achieved success through their hard work in China. Liu Xiang is a good example.可知，在国内也可以成功的，出国并不是唯一的获得成功的方式，故答案是successful。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。

在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。

7．根据短文内容，完成下面的表格。

In classes, your teachers will talk about the topics that you are studying. The information they provide will be important for you to know when you take tests. So you must be able to take good written notes from what your teachers say.
Here are three stages (阶段) of taking notes and what you should do during each stage.
Before class
Review your notes you have taken before you come to class. This will be good for remembering what was covered. Get you ready to understand new information your teacher will provide.
During class
Keep your attention on what your teacher is saying and "the signal words" that tell you what your teacher is going to say and it is important to write in your notes. Examples of signal words are "The most important point.” and "Remember that . . . ” Be sure to include in your notes information that your teacher repeats or writes on the blackboard. Write quickly so that you can include all the important information in your notes. Do this by writing abbreviations such as med for medicine, using symbols such as % for percent, and writing short sentences.
After class
Rewrite your notes to make them more complete and accurate (准确的) by changing abbreviations into whole words, symbols into words, and shortened sentences into longer sentences. Use them to answer your questions. If necessary, ask your teacher for help.
answer；teacher's
【解析】【分析】本文介绍上课做笔记的方法。

⑴第一段介绍上课做笔记很重要的原因。

故填Reason。

⑵根据第一段The information they provide will be important for you to know when you take tests. 可知他们提供的信息对你的考试很重要。

此处用定语从句修饰information，that指代information，在从句中作主语，从句的谓语变成了is____.可知是provide的被动式，故填provided。

⑶做笔记分三个阶段，before class，during class和after class。

故填Before。

⑷课前复习做过的笔记，对帮助记忆所涵盖的内容有用。

故填remember。

⑸根据Get you ready to understand new information可知是对理解新信息做好准备，故填prepare。

⑹根据 Keep your attention on what your teacher is saying可知是认真听老师说的话。

故填Listen。

⑺根据Be sure to include in your notes information that your teacher repeats or writes on the blackboard.可知务必把老师重复的或写在黑板上的包括在你的笔记信息里。

故填include。

⑻根据Write quickly so that you can include all the important information in your notes.可知要快速记下所有的重要信息。

故填quickly。

⑼根据最后一段，通过把简写恢复完整单词，把符号变成单词，缩短的句子变成长的句子来从新写笔记使之变得完整准确，用它们来回答问题。

故填answer。

⑽根据最后一句ask your teacher for help.故填名词所有格teacher's。

【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言或者与文章中的语言的同义词来填写答案。

8．阅读信息，用恰当的单词完成下面的短文，每空一词。

Our feelings influence almost every decision we make. Instead of living a boring life, positive (积极的) feelings can help us a lot. The pity is that sometimes become victims of feelings.
In one of my latest books, I compare people's ability to controls (控制) on a media player. Just like the controls can help you enjoy wonderful songs, these methods will be choices for you to manage feelings successfully.
⒈Pause.
Take time to stop and think before you speak or act. Of course, you may feel sorry if you like doing something without thinking-like sending an angry email or posting something bad on social media. If you feel your feelings getting out of control, pause. If possible, go for a short walk. Once
you've calmed down, decide how you want to move forward.
⒉Volume control
Have you ever noticed that when speaking with someone, your style or tone is a mirror (镜子) of the person's you are speaking to? If you stay calm or quiet, they'll follow you. Shout or scream, and they'll do just like you. If a discussion starts to become worse, try to change it by softening your tone or lowering your voice.
⒊Record
If you want to learn more about another person's thoughts, recording, one way of careful listening, may help. You don't need to reply at once; you're listening to understand. Through careful listening, you often see things you didn't see before and can even discover misunderstandings you didn't know. Don't judge or offer advice before you know more about others and the topic.
Sometimes, our decisions are affected by our feelings. If you keep positive feelings, you can ________ living a boring life. Some methods can help you ________ in controlling your feelings. First, doing without thinking may make you ________what you've said or done. It's wise of you to pause when your feelings become bad. Second, when speaking with someone, the other person usually offers you a reply in the ________ style or tone. So controlling volume is very important. What's more, recording is one way of careful listening, with the ________ of learning more about another person's thoughts. Follow this way, you can judge or offer suggestions.
【答案】 avoid；succeed；regret；same；help
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是如何管理好情绪给了一些建议。

（1）根据 Instead of living a boring life, positive (积极的) feelings can help us a lot. 可知用积极的情绪能让我们避免过着令人厌烦的生活。

avoid避免，情态动词can后跟动词原形，故答案为：avoid。

（2）根据 these methods will be choices for you to manage feelings successfully. succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事，help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事，故答案为：succeed。

（3）根据 Of course, you may feel sorry if you like doing something without thinking 可知做事情不三思而后行会感到后悔，regret后悔，遗憾，故答案为：regret。

（4）根据 If you stay calm or quiet, they'll follow you. Shout or scream, and they'll do just like you. 可知你的情绪决定人们怎么样回复你，所以人们用用同样的类型或语调回复你，same 同样的，故答案为：same。

（5）根据If you want to learn more about another person's thoughts, recording, one way of careful listening, may help. with the help of，在……帮助下，固定搭配，故答案为：help。

【点评】此题考查任务型阅读理解。

先阅读短文理解短文大意。

然后进行审题。

看题目中所缺的成分，然后根据短文内容填写适当的词。

9．阅读理解
Mo Ya, Nobel Prize winner in literature (文学)in 2012, believes his success comes from a large
amount of reading.
Mo was born into a farming family in a village in Shandong Province. Mo left school at the age of 12 and started to work in the fields. Mo was tired after his daily hard work, but he was always hungry for books. However, there were very few books in the village, he never gave up. He read his elder brother's textbooks and even dictionaries. He helped others with farm work in exchange for books.
After Mo left his hometown and joined the army in 1976, he began to read widely, including works by Lu Xun and many other famous writers. He studied from these writers but did not copy them. Instead, he developed his own style.
【解析】【分析】主要讲了莫言——中国第一个诺贝尔文学奖。

（1）根据Mo Yan ，Nobel Prize winner in literature （文学）in 2012，可知莫言是中国第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的人，Nobel Prize winner 诺贝尔奖获得者，故填winner 。

（2）根据Mo was born into a farming family in a village in Shandong Province ，可知莫言是出生在一个农民家庭里，所以他的父母都是农民，
parents 是复数，所以农民也用复数，故填farmers 。

（3）根据but he was always hungry for books.可知莫言一直对书籍很饥渴，be hungry for sth.对……很饥渴，故填hungry for 。

（4）根据he developed his own style.可知莫言的书是有自己的风格的，故填style 。

（5）根据believes his success comes from a large amount of reading.可知莫言的成功和他大量阅读书籍是离不开的，故填reading 。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题从文中仔细寻找答案。

10．阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从短文后方框内的选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。

（提示：每个选项只用一次，选项中有一项为多余选项）
Now students' English handwriting(书写)gets worse and worse. That makes their teachers feel worried. Is your English handwriting beautiful?________
Use paper with lines
When you write English words or sentences, you can use paper with lines. That will make your handwriting straight.________ Be sure to fill the lined space completely. And make sure these capital letters (大写字母) are written properly.
Slow down
If your writing is hard to read, just slow down a little.________If you write too quickly, it's hard for you to stop where you should, and you may make more mistakes easily.
________
When you hold your pencil in the correct way, writing is much better. Some kids press down really hard when they write. That makes the handwriling bad. Try to be relaxed and don't hold the pencil so hard. Let your writing appear nice and clean. If you do so, people will guess you are a student with a good habit.
Draw more pictures
________While you are drawing pictures, you need to use the skills to cuntrol (控制) your pencil better. Even though you have no chance to draw at school, you can practice by drawing at home.
Handwriting is very important. Imagine you are a famous movie star or a well-known sports player, whad do you do when your fans run up to you? Givethem your autographs (亲笔签名) , of course!
【解析】【分析】主要讲了怎样让学生的英语书写变得漂亮。

A. If not, here are four steps that really work!如果不是，这四个步骤真的起作用。

B. Hold your pencil right拿好你的铅笔。

C. Drawing can improve your handwriting.绘画可以提高你的书写。

D. We will try to learn English well.我们将努力把英语学好。

E. Going slower makes your handwriting clearer.写的越慢让你的书写更清楚。

F. Those lines on the paper can help you to write words in the right size.纸上的那些线可以帮助你用合适的尺寸写单词。

（1）根据后文可知讲了写好英语书写的四个方法，故选A。

（2）根据前句When you write English words or sentences, you can use paper with lines.当你写英语单词或者句子时，你可以使用带线的纸，可知与线有关，故选F。

（3）根据前句If your writing is hard to read, just slow down a little.如果你的书写读起来困
难，仅仅写慢一些，可知与写慢有关，故选E。

（4）根据后文When you hold your pencil in the correct way, writing is much better.可知讲的是用正确的方式握笔，故选B。

（5）根据后句While you are drawing pictures, you need to use the skills to cuntrol (控制) your pencil better.可知画画可以提高你的书写，故选C。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题仔细从文中仔细寻找答案。