高中英语_高三英语技巧点拨——语法填空教学设计学情分析教材分析课后反思

高三英语技巧点拨——语法填空教学设计
通过深入学习新课标，认真领会其教学理念、教学方法和教学内容的基础上，经过校本研修集思和教学实践验证后，制定了《高三英语技巧点拨——语法填空》教学设计案。

在教学设计中采取了“自主、合作、探究”的学习方式，贯彻双主的教学理念，达到了较好的教学效果。

（一）教材分析
语法填空是一篇约200词左右的短文中留出10个空白，部分空白后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文在空白处填写1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。

考查考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。

更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形，同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。

通过了解上述内容，要求学生掌握有关的解题技巧，培养有关的语言应用能力。

（二）学情分析
高三七班同学是属于政治、历史、生物组合的比较偏文的一个班级。

班级女生比较多，对于学习语言类的英语有一定的优势。

虽然学生具有一定的英语知识基础，但水平参差不齐。

新课标要求我们尊重不同学生的知识能力和兴趣的需要，根据我班学生的实际情况，本课时我把每个教学环节所设计的问题和任务区分出高低不同的层次，由浅入深、循序渐进，力争全班绝大多数同学能积极地参与到课堂活动中来。

在经过了两年的英语学习之后，同学们上英语课热情高,劲头足,能很好地配合教师教学。

但是对于语法填空这个题目，大部分同学能基本在要求时间内完成，并能保证正确率在70%-90%之间。

为了语法填空能得到满分，我设计这堂课，并从考点、解题技巧方面进一步让学生了解并掌握语法填空的常考点，强化解题方法指导。

目前根据学生学情，正一步一步拓展他们阅读范围，试图从阅读中发掘高考语法填空的命题方向，让学生自己成为命题人，进一步熟悉语法填空的考点，为2021年高考语法填空争取满分做好充分准备。

（三）教学目标
本节课的主要教学目标是：1.通过自主学习了解语法填空题的考点；2.通过做题熟练运用语法的能力；3.通过语法填空达到理解语篇的能力；4.通过自己命题了解语法填空的命题特点。

1. 语言知识
Important words and phrases:
distinct, social rules,make eye contact, reserved,donkey, perfectionist,adore
2. 语言技能目标：
让学生了解语法填空的考点，培养和提高学生完成语法填空的解题技巧和做题能力，形成用英语阅读语篇、处理信息、分析句子、解决问题的能力。

3. 情感态度目标：
通过设计呈阶梯状的练习，帮助学生树立学习英语的信心和决心；通过对语篇考点的自主学习、小组讨论等形式，帮助学生养成协作的品质。

同时培养学生热爱生活、热爱世界的积极态度。

4. 学习策略目标：
注重引导学生借助上下文联想及猜测生词，启发学生通过发散式思维积累词组，指导学生发现规律，对所学内容进行整理和归纳。

引导学生抓住信息词或关键词。

（四）教学策略
主要采用以学生为主体，以教师为主导。

教师引导学生进行合作探究来学习语法填空的考点；通过自主学习、小组合作、同桌分享等多种教学方法，活跃课堂气氛，完成任务。

（五）教学过程
Step 1. Leading-in
What’s the usual way you fulfill the task Grammar Filling?
让学生以思考问题、回答问题的形式导入本堂课，了解有的学生不知道怎么做语法填空，有的学生一拿到手就开始填空，还有的是按照：概读理解–分析填空–连贯检查三步法完成语法填空，从而引出做好语法填空，就得学好语法；学好语法，就得学好词法、句法、章法以及一些惯用法。

用这样的方式激发学生对本节课的主题任务的关注和兴趣，使学生以最快、最自然的状态融入课堂，为下面的教学做好铺垫，为学生的自主学习和探究创造了良好环境。

Step 2.Self and Cooperative Learning
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，通过完成下面的语法填空，让学生思考语法填空的考点。

这篇语篇填空基本没有生词，所以学生可以采取自主学习的方法。

Canada is a country with its own distinct customs and social rules when it comes to communicating. The handshake is one of the most common and universal business communication 56_______ (tool). When meeting someone for the first time, make eye contact and extend your hand57_________ (offer) a firm handshake. In
French-speaking areas of Canada it is common to shake hands 58________ (frequent), even if meeting 59________ same person multiple times during the same day. Some Canadian men will wait for a woman to extend 60________ (she)hand for a handshake before 61________ (offer) their own hand.
Canadians are, generally reserved in their body language. They do not use hand or arm gestures, 62_______ tend to emphasize points with more subtle gestures. Canadians also prefer to maintain a certain amount space when 63______ (speak) to someone and will stand at arm’s length from others. French-speaking Canadians prefer to use 64________ (big) gestures and tend to need less distance 65________ others when it comes to personal space.
Step 3.Show and Share
从上面的语篇填空深入，让学生展示答案，这里利用了爬黑板的形式。

统一纠正答案后，让学生进行了讨论，这一环节主要讨论语篇填空每个空设计的考点。

从而让学生了解到语法填空的命题特点，让学生明确备考思路及语法填空题设空特点：如无提示词一般考查：冠词、介词、连词、代词、助动词、固定搭配等；有提示词一般考查：谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词等。

对于这个比较难解决的问题学生采用了合作学习，讨论的方法。

设计意图：通过让学生板书语篇填空的答案，让师生共同纠错，促进师生之间的配合，然后小组合作学习进一步让学生明确备考思路及语法填空题设空特点，促进小组团队的合作。

Answers 56-65
56.__________ 57.__________ 58. _________ 59.__________ 60.__________ 61.____________ 62._____________ 63.__________ 64.___________ 65.__________Step4.summary and Consolidation
从上一环节的讨论我们得出语法填空的设空特点有以下三种：1. 纯空格试题 2. 给出了动词的试题3. 词类转换题；这一环节就是从这三个方面入手，通过单句语法填空进行技巧点拨。

Part 1:纯空格试题
1. There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed _______ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.
2.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was _____ shy, nervous perfectionist.
3.The little boy pulled __________ right hand out of the pocket …
4. It was not long _________the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down
the table and suddenly was surprised at what she saw.
5. Office workers tried to put out the fire, ________ it was impossible to control it.
6. In short, I believe that it is _______great use to keep a diary in English.
7. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back ______the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. 8.She remembered how difficult ______was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.
9. Little_______ we know his life.
10. _______ cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.
11. I _______ go to the station to meet her but I didn't see her.
12. It was in the street _______I met an old classmate of mine the other day.
归纳总结：
1.如果句子基本结构完整，空格后面是名词（尤其是单数名词），前面无限定词，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填冠词(a/the)、不定代词(any, no, some, all, every….)和形容词性物主代词(my, her, their, its…)，名词所有格等进行修饰。

2.找出谓语动词；分清楚句子层次；理清分句关系；克服干扰，划掉修饰成分。

3.名词或代词前面的空格也可能填介词。

如句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。

介词可位于名词之前如：at night ,on Sunday；
也可位于形容词之后，如be interested in ,be good at；可位于不及物动词之后，如 listen to ,arrive at ,look for；
4.由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。

1).由it 作形式主语或形式宾语的句式
2).构成倒装条件的only, so ,neither, nor, never,hardly, seldom,not until 等
3).so\such ...that...句型
4).强调谓语动词要填do,does, did.
5).由it is/was ...that... 强调句型
设计意图：从介词，连词，代词，冠词，从句引导词，情态动词，助动词等方面来设空，设置了以上单句语法填空。

让学生自主完成，通过讨论得出答案，然后用已知的知识总结归纳语法填空的考点，让学生明确语法填空中无提示词的命题特点。

Part 2:给出了动词的试题
1. I was certain she would like it because I __________ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food.
2. His fear of failure ________(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joy.
3. We must also consider the reaction of the person _______ (receive) the gift.
4. My pupils, Donnie __________ (include), adored her.
5.The young student did all that he could ______ (pass)the examinations.
6.He saw the stone, ______(say) to himself:“The night will be very dark.”
7.We can win the_________(argue)if we present the facts clearly.
归纳总结：
首先要确定是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。

技巧一：若句中没有别的谓语动词，所给动词就是谓语动词。

若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态和语态。

技巧二：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。

若是非谓语动词就要确定用Ving形式、Ved形式,还是用不定式形式（to do），确定方法如下:
Ving形式表主动，进行或介词后
Ved形式表被动，完成
To do形式表主动，将来，也作目的状语、结果状语及形容词后的状语
技巧三：排除以上两种情况，如果做句子的主语、及物动词或介词的宾语、形容词后面，所给的动词就要用名词形式。

设计意图：通过给出提示词动词来设置以上单句语法填空，让学生明确明白给出了动词后会有哪些考法，会考到哪些考点，然后通过学生自主完成，同桌分享答案然后整理归纳给出了动词的试题的解题技巧。

Part 3:词类转换题
1.I helped him know he could be ______ (help) to others.
2.He arrived home, really hungry and _________ (exhaust).
3.You can reward your children because of their _______(succeed) .
4.The two people had a great _______ (affect) on English.
5.___________(thank), I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.
6.Diet and exercise are _________(equal) important.
7.Your mistake caused a lot of ____________ (necessary) work in the office.
归纳总结：
技巧一:作表语，定语或状语，通常用形容词形式
技巧二:在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，用名词形式
技巧三:英语中有些副词Fortunately, Luckily, Importantly, Surprisingly...常放在句首做状语，修饰后面的整个句子。

技巧四：有可能是词义转换题，词类不用变，主要是考察具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-，im-等，在词根后加-less等。

设计意图：通过以上给出提示词的单句语法填空，让学生了解做语法填空时要注意词性的变
化，如名词、动词、形容词、副词之间的转化，名词的复数形式，给出形容词，需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化，转化为副词，或是填写反义词(前缀)；给出副词，填写比较级、最高级，或是填写反义词；以及派生词的使用。

Step5.Feedback and Test
我是出题人！
请用刚刚总结的考点，尝试用下面的短文，进行语法填空的命题。

1.挖出你认为会考的10个空
2.注明理由（比如：介词+名词）
3. 时间：3分钟
More than 220 people were killed in the fire which destroyed the Capital Building on February 4th, 1974. The building was finished only a few months before the fire; it was Sao Paulo’s newest building. All the 25 floors of the office building were completely destroyed. The fire also destroyed cars which belonged to people working in the building.
Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the 11th floor. No one knows how the fire started. Perhaps it was started by an electrical fire in the ceiling of one of the offices. Office workers tried to put out the fire, but it was impossible to control it. Soon the whole floor was on fire and it was impossible for people on the floors above to escape.
设计意图：利用本节课所学的知识，让学生站在出题人的角度，对整篇小短文进行挖空设计，进一步明确语法填空的命题要点。

做到有的放矢，争取做到语法填空达到满分的效果。

Step6.Homework
根据本节课所学内容，按照高考语篇填空的设空特点，完成下面短文。

I will never forget the exciting experience during that summer vacation. Some of my_________ (classmate) and I went mountain climbing. First of all, we _______ (hold) a heated discussion about some related questions. When ______ (ask) about my opinion, I made ___ immediate reply and all of them agreed _______ me. During the trip, my friend Tom told me a lot of things. He said that he liked novels________(write) by Dickens. And he told me that he didn’t like those songs which are popular on the Internet. Both of us reached the top first. Exhausted and _________ (hunger), Tom and I put up a tent on the top. We had already taken enough drinking water and cooked food with us. On the top of the mountain, I couldn’t help shouting at the top of my voice, for I wanted to make myself _________ (hear).
That trip was so unforgettable _______ it left a deep __________ (impress) on us all.设计意图：在课下利用以上的语篇填空进一步巩固本节课所学的内容，明确语法填空的考点，争取语法填空做到满分。

高三英语技巧点拨——语法填空学情分析
高三七班同学是属于政治、历史、生物组合的比较偏文的一个班级。

班级女生比较多，对于学习语言类的英语有一定的优势。

虽然学生具有一定的英语知识基础，但水平参差不齐。

新课标要求我们尊重不同学生的知识能力和兴趣的需要，根据我班学生的实际情况，本课时我把每个教学环节所设计的问题和任务区分出高低不同的层次，由浅入深、循序渐进，力争全班绝大多数同学能积极地参与到课堂活动中来。

在经过了两年的英语学习之后，同学们上英语课热情高,劲头足,能很好地配合教师教学。

但是对于语法填空这个题目，大部分同学能基本在要求时间内完成，并能保证正确率在70%-90%之间。

为了语法填空能得到满分，我设计这堂课，并从考点、解题技巧方面进一步让学生了解并掌握语法填空的常考点，强化解题方法指导。

在一轮复习中，我们回归课本，对必修课本中的重要词汇、短语、语法进行归纳整理，以期在考试中形成良好的知识迁移。

同时强化各种题型的小题训练，比如通过单句语法填空，检测巩固学生知识点的落实情况；然后进行适当的篇章训练，保证学生的练习，由零化整，有学有练，做题不手生。

具体地说，就是要找准答题的方向，明确考什么；找准答题区间，培养筛选和概括信息的能力；严格答题的规范，做到有条理答题。

至少要保证不管难度如何变化，该拿到的分要尽可能拿到.
目前根据学生学情，正一步一步拓展他们阅读范围，试图从阅读中发掘高考语法填空的命题方向，让学生自己成为命题人，进一步熟悉语法填空的考点，为2021年高考语法填空争取满分做好充分准备。

高三英语技巧点拨——语法填空效果分析
现在来谈谈《高三英语技巧点拨——语法填空》一课讲授后的一点感受。

本节内容的成功之处我认为有两点：一是本节课的重点（也是难点）深浅度把握适中，难点的突破方法比较好，利用多媒体和板书相结合，既直观，又连贯，教学效果好。

二是特别注意学生在本节课课堂活动的参与率，教学目标达成率高。

本节课我侧重学生在语法填空的技巧点拨方面的学习，着重解决解题技巧。

本着新课标“以学生为主体，以教师为主导”这一思想，围绕着语法填空的语篇，设计了与语法填空考点有关的练习，采用了语篇练习，单句语法练习的训练方式，通过自主学习、小组合作讨论、同桌分享答案等学习方法，充分发挥学生的主观能动性。

既活跃了学生的思维，培养了学生合作学习的能力，又提高了课堂教学目标达成率。

我在处理整节课整体结构的同时，把每个教学环节所设计的问题和任务区分出高低不同的层次，由浅入深、循序渐进，力争全班绝大多数同学能积极地参与到课堂活动中来。

通过“任务型”活动培养学生分析考点、了解考点、分析句子的能力；侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形；同时强调语篇的分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征，使所有的学生都有机会参与活动，获得成功的体验。

本堂课需要改进之处：由于高估了学生的能力，没想到学生在做题过程中出现了很多需要解决的问题，导致Part 1用时过多，后面的时间有点过紧。

所以在环节的时间安排上不够合理，以后一定要多加注意；要迎接新课程的挑战，教师就要不断反思，并建立终身学习的理念，不断更新知识结构，发展专业能力与知识能力，以适应现代社会发展对英语课程的要求，所以锻炼自身的口语迫在眉睫。

高三英语技巧点拨——语法填空教材分析
语法填空是一篇约200词左右的短文中留出10个空白，部分空白后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文在空白处填写1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。

考查考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。

更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形，同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。

通过了解上述内容，要求学生掌握有关的解题技巧，培养有关的语言应用能力。

高三英语技巧点拨——语法填空测评练习
一、自主学习，合作交流
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Canada is a country with its own distinct customs and social rules when it comes to communicating. The handshake is one of the most common and universal business communication 56_______ (tool). When meeting someone for the first time, make eye contact and extend your hand 57_________ (offer) a firm handshake. In French-speaking areas of Canada it is common to shake hands 58________ (frequent), even if meeting 59________ same person multiple times during the same day. Some Canadian men will wait for a woman to extend 60________ (she) hand for a handshake before 61________ (offer) their own hand.
Canadians are, generally reserved in their body language. They do not use hand or arm gestures, 62_______ tend to emphasize points with more subtle gestures. Canadians also prefer to maintain a certain amount space when 63______ (speak) to someone and will stand at arm’s length from others. French-speaking Canadians prefer to use 64________ (big) gestures and tend to need less distance 65________ others when it comes to personal space.
二、归纳总结，提升拓展
Part 1: 纯空格试题
1. There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed _______ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.
2.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was _____ shy, nervous perfectionist.
3.The little boy pulled __________ right hand out of the pocket …
4. It was not long _________the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised at what she saw.
5. Office workers tried to put out the fire, ________ it was impossible to control it.
6. In short, I believe that it is _______great use to keep a diary in English.
7. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back ______the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen.
8.She remembered how difficult ______was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.
9. Little_______ we know his life.
10. _______ cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.
11. I _______ go to the station to meet her but I didn't see her.
12. It was in the street _______I met an old classmate of mine the other day.
归纳总结：
Part 2:给出了动词的试题
1. I was certain she would like it because I __________ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food.
2. His fear of failure ________(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joy.
3. We must also consider the reaction of the person _______ (receive) the gift.
4. My pupils, Donnie __________ (include), adored her.
5.The young student did all that he could ______ (pass)the examinations.
6.He saw the stone, ______(say) to himself:“The night will be very dark.”
7.We can win the_________(argue)if we present the facts clearly.
归纳总结：
Part 3:词类转换题
1.I helped him know he could be ______ (help) to others.
2.He arrived home, really hungry and _________ (exhaust).
3.You can reward your children because of their _______(succeed) .
4.The two people had a great _______ (affect) on English.
5.___________(thank), I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.
6.Diet and exercise are _________(equal) important.
7.Your mistake caused a lot of ____________ (necessary) work in the office.
归纳总结：
三、我是出题人！
请用刚刚总结的考点，尝试用下面的短文，进行语法填空的命题。

挖出你认为会考的10个空
注明理由（比如：介词+名词）
3. 时间：3分钟
More than 220 people were killed in the fire which destroyed the Capital Building on February 4th, 1974. The building was finished only a few months before the fire; it was Sao Paulo’s newest building. All the 25 floors of the office building were completely destroyed. The fire also destroyed cars which belonged to people working in the building.
Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the 11th floor. No one knows how the fire started. Perhaps it was started by an electrical fire in the ceiling of one of the offices. Office workers tried to put out the fire, but it was impossible to control it. Soon the whole floor was on fire and it was impossible for people on the floors above to escape.
四、作业布置：
根据本节课所学内容，按照高考语篇填空的设空特点，完成下面短文。

I will never forget the exciting experience during that summer vacation. Some of my_________ (classmate) and I went mountain climbing. First of all, we _______ (hold) a heated discussion about some related questions. When ______ (ask) about my opinion, I made ___ immediate reply and all of them agreed _______ me. During the trip, my friend Tom told me a lot of things. He said that he liked novels________(write) by Dickens. And he told me that he didn’t like those songs which are popular on the Internet. Both of us reached the top first. Exhausted and _________ (hunger), Tom and I put up a tent on the top. We had already taken enough drinking water and cooked food with us. On the top of the mountain, I couldn’t help shouting at the top of my voice, for I wanted to make myself _________ (hear).
That trip was so unforgettable _______ it left a deep __________ (impress) on us all.
高三英语技巧点拨——语法填空课后反思
语法填空题是体现学生阅读理解能力和拼写能力相结合的一个重要题型。

其目的是综合考察学生对词汇的掌握、词语的辨析、语法的应用以及对篇章的理解能力。

学生要想解决语法填空题除了要有扎实的英语基础知识,还必须有较强的逻辑思维判断、分析理解能力等英语语言综合运用的能力。

因此对大多数高中生来说,该类题型是考试中面临的一大难题。

对此,本节课针对语法填空题的命题原则、考点及其特点以及从词汇、语法、解题思路和解题技巧这些方面来全方位的提高学生的解题能力进行了探讨。

语法填空题虽然只有15分，占英语全卷分数的十分之一，但却是英语考卷的重要组成部分，不容忽视。

该题是高考英语试题的一项创新，它将语法知识的考查置于一篇英语短文中，通过设置纯空格题填空和给词填空两种形式来表现，突出考查了学生通过语境运用语法知识的能力，客观、准确地考量学生的语法知识水平。

要想此题有好的发挥，在学好语法、注重运用的基础之上，清楚学生的现状，了解该题的考点、并掌握好解题思路和技巧才是确保得高分的关键。

通过本节课的学习学生可以从“篇章，句子，词汇”三个层面去思考。

一、教学特色和教学成功方面
（1）让学生明确了备考思路及语法填空题设空设空大致有特点：如无提示词一般考查：冠词、介词、连词、代词、助动词、固定搭配等。

有提示词一般考查：谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词等。

学到了一些具体策略：如(一)、给出动词基本形态，填写词性词形转化(转为名词、形容词)，或填写谓语部分，或是填写非谓语动词；(二)、给出词语，词性的变化，如名词、动词、形容词、副词之间的转化，名词的复数形式，给出形容词，需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化，转化为副词，或是填写反义词(前缀)；(三)、给出副词，填写比较级、最高级，或是填写反义词；(四)、不给词语填写限定词的时候，很可能是填冠词、人称代词主格宾格形式，物主代词、反身代词的单复数形式。

形容词性物主代词或some、any、other、another等限定词；有的名词前有限定词，比如：序数词，形容词的最高级等，其前用定冠词。

（2）设计了几个变式训练来巩固所学知识，教学辅助工具相辅相成，幻灯的内容和板书的设计互为补充，相得益彰。

多媒体的使用力求使教学生动活泼，做到既能激发学生的学习兴趣，又能提高教学效果。

板书的设计是教学重点和难点一目了然，给学生留下深刻印象。

（3）教学过程由浅入深，层层递进，环环相扣。

教学手段灵活多样。

任务与任务之间有连贯性，设计的梯度合理，单个任务的活动也能做到由浅入深，顺利达到教学目的。

这样能活跃课堂气氛，提高学生的学习兴趣，有利于帮助学生建立信心，从而积极、主动地参与课堂活动。

（4）教师指导有度、有效、有针对性，有深度。

二、调整和改进方面
由于高估了学生的能力，没想到学生在Part 1部分做题过程中出现了很多需要解决的问题，导致Part 1用时过多，后面的时间有点过紧。

所以要迎接新课程的挑战，教师就要不断反思，并建立终身学习的理念，不断更新知识结构，发展专业能力与知识能力，以适应现代社会发展对英语课程的要求。

总之，语言学习是一个循序渐进的过程，又是一个终身习得的过程，教师应成为终身学习的典范，本着“为孩子的一生负责”的教育理念和教学态度，求真务实，不断创新，以饱满精神状态和满腔的热情展示语言的魅力，这样我们才能够打造真正的英语教学的优质课堂。

高三英语技巧点拨——语法填空课标分析。