07-【快乐背单词】2021年暑假初升高衔接词根法速记高中必背单词

2021年暑假初升高衔接高中必背单词词根七
clud/clus/claus/clos=close，shut 关闭；封闭
在构词过程中t/d可以变成s，所以clud=clus，而元音字母之间可以互换，这样u可以变成au/o，所以clud/clus=claus/clos。

1.conclude [kənˈkluːd]
v. 断定; 推断出; 得出结论; (使)结束，终止; 达成，订立，缔结(协定);
[例句]I concluded that the local parent company would not budge.
我得出结论：当地母方公司方面难以作出让步。

[其他] 第三人称单数：concludes 现在分词：concluding 过去式：concluded 过去分词：concluded 英译英：If you conclude that something is true, you decide that it is true using the facts you know as a basis.
词根con: throughly完全地。

clude=shut 关闭完全关闭（使之了结），就是结束；决定
conclusion [kənˈkluːʒn] n.结束，结局；结论
conclusive [kənˈkluːsɪv] a. 最后的；确定性的
conclusive decision 最后的决定
conclusive evidence 确凿证据
include[ɪnˈkluːd]v. 包括; 包含; 使成为…的一部分;
拆分：in（内）+clude（shut封闭）关闭在内，就是包含，包括
记忆要点：in（内）
exclude [ɪkˈskluːd]v. 不包括; 不放在考虑之列; 防止…进入; 阻止…参加; 把…排斥在外; 排除(…的可能性); 认为…不可能;
拆分：ex（out外）+clude（shut封闭）关闭在外，就是排除在外，排斥；逐出
记忆要点：ex（out外）
exclusive [ɪkˈskluːsɪv]
adj. (个人或集体)专用的，专有的，独有的，独占的; 排外的; 不愿接收新成员(尤指较低社会阶层)的; 高档的; 豪华的; 高级的;
n. 独家新闻; 独家专文; 独家报道;
preclude [prɪˈkluːd] v. 使行不通; 阻止; 妨碍; 排除;
拆分：pre（beforehand事先）+clude（shut关闭）事先关住（不让进入），就是预防，免除
记忆要点：pre（beforehand事先）
seclude [sɪˈkluːd] v. (使)与…隔离，与…隔绝; (使)隐居，独处;
拆分：se（apart分离）+clude（shut关闭）自我关闭，与他
人隔离，就是隐居
记忆要点：se（apart分离）
seclusion [sɪˈkluːʒn] n. 清静; 隐居; 与世隔绝;
recluse [rɪˈkluːs] n. 隐居者; 喜欢独处的人;
拆分：re（back回、退）+cluse（shut关闭）闭门退居，就是
隐居的；作名词时是隐士，隐者的意思
记忆要点：re（back回、退）
occlude [əˈkluːd] v. 使闭塞; 堵塞;
拆分：oc（to/加强）+clude（shut关闭）往关闭的方向去=使闭塞; 堵塞
记忆要点：oc（to/加强）
occlusion [əˈkluːʒn] n. 包藏；吸着；闭塞，闭合;
2. close [kləʊz , kləʊs]
v. 关; 关闭; 闭上; 合上; 合拢; (使)关门，关闭(一段时间); 不开放;
n. (一段时间或活动的)结束，终结，终了;
adj. (在空间、时间上)接近; 几乎(处于某种状态); 可能(快要做某事); 亲密的; 密切的;
adv. 接近; 靠近; 紧挨着; 不远地;
n. 一端不通的街道; 死胡同; 死巷道; 大教堂所属的周围场地及建筑物;
[例句]I made a point of closing all the windows before leaving the house.
我离家前必定要把所有的窗子都关好。

[其他] 比较级：closer 最高级：closest 第三人称单数：closes 现在分词：closing 过去式：closed 过去分词：closed
英译英：When you close something such as a door or lid or when it closes, it moves so that a hole, gap, or opening is covered.
closet [ˈklɒzɪt]
n. 贮藏室; 壁橱;
adj. 隐藏(身份等)的; 不公开(个人信息)的;
v. 把…关在房间里(尤指为了私下会谈或避免他人打扰);
拆分：clos（shut关闭）+et 名词后缀
et是表示小的名词后缀，封闭的小空间，就是密室，小房间，壁橱的意思
记忆要点：et 名词后缀
WC是Water Closet的简称，国内指厕所。

很早以前，厕所Toilet里都有水箱water closet，人们一提到water closet就想到了toilet，因此water closet 就成了toilet的代名词。

后来为了方便，人们就用water closet的开头字母W.C.来代替toilet。

WC是一种很粗俗的表达方式，是英美等国一二百年前使用的，从21世纪起，多使用toilet、Bathroom、restroom(AmE)等较文雅的词。

这个词传入中国多年后，许多中国人都知道WC是公共厕所的英文简称，但实际上此缩写在英文国家根本就不使用。

取而代之的是Toilet 或者其他单词，所以真正讲英文的人到了中国却不知道此缩写代表什么意思。

在美国，绝对没有人使用这个缩写的。

一般称为，Restroom 或者Bathroom，有些地方也用Washroom。

在中国用WC 来代表厕所，可以说是中式英语的一种变异。

disclose [dɪsˈkləʊz] v. 揭露; 透露; 泄露; 使显露; 使暴露;
拆分：dis（不/undo解开）+close（shut封闭）不关闭，即公开，揭发
记忆要点：dis（不/undo解开）
enclose [ɪnˈkləʊz]v. (用墙、篱笆等)把…围起来; 围住; 附入; 随函(或包裹等)附上;
拆分：en（in进入）+close（shut封闭）把……关起来或围起来，就是围绕，装入
记忆要点：en（in进入）
claustrophobia [ˌklɔːstrəˈfəʊbiə] n. 幽闭恐怖(症); 因受限制而产生的不适感;
拆分：claustr（close关闭）+phobia (fear恐惧) 对于密闭空间的恐惧= 幽闭恐怖(症)
记忆要点：phobia (fear恐惧)
在希腊神话中，战神在战场上往往有他的两个儿子伴随在左右，一个叫做Phobos （福波斯），一个叫做Deimos （德摩斯），这哥俩的名字在希腊语中都是“惊恐、恐惧”的意思，代表了战争的恐怖。

英语单词phobia 就源自福波斯的名字phobos ，表示“恐怖”之意，还可以作为词根，用来表示各种恐惧症。

比如说social phobia就是社交恐惧症，hydrophobia 恐水症，密集物体恐惧Trypophobia 无手机焦虑症nomophobia结婚恐惧症gametophobia选择恐惧症Allodoxaphobia恐血症hemophobia
一、完型填空
完形填空,阅读下列短文，从文后各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

Don't Let the Candle Off
A man had a little daughter---an only and much-loved child. He lived for her--- she was his whole______. He was so happy to hear his girl's voice that he hardly imagined what he would do______her. But unluckily, one day, his daughter became seriously ill. He was very______. He tried all he could to_____her. At last, his efforts (努力) was _____ and the child died. The father became a bitter recluse (隐士) after that, shutting _________ away from his friends and refusing(拒绝) every activity that might______him back to his normal self. But one night he had a dream. He was in heaven, seeing a group of little child angels. They were dressed in white and______in a line passing by the Great White Throne. Every angel 1 a candle. He noticed that all the candles were bright except one. Then he found that the child with the______candle was his own little daughter. ______ to her, he held her in his______, hugged her gently, and then asked, "Why is it, darling, that your candle alone is unlighted?" His daughter said, "Daddy, they often relight it, but your ______always put it out." Just then he 2 .The lesson was very clear, and its effects were immediate. From that hour on he was not a recluse, but socialized (交际)freely and gladly with his former friends and colleagues. No longer would his darling's candle be put out by his useless tears.
We can't avoid having a sad______during lifetime, but we should remember not to let our beloved person's candle off.
1．A．heart B．life C．faith D．mood
2．A．without B．by C．through D．over
3．A．angry B．worried C．calm D．satisfied
4．A．help B．persuade (劝说) C．save D．serve
5．A．useful B．useless C．important D．unimportant 6．A．herself B．himself C．themselves D．itself
7．A．put B．fetch C．hold D．bring
8．A．running B．walking C．speeding D．travelling
9．A．carried B．picked C．packed D．caught
10．A．little B．beautiful C．dark D．bright
11．A．Smiling B．Talking C．Rushing D．Jumping
12．A．hands B．arms C．breast D．face
13．A．tears B．dreams C．hopes D．complaints
14．A．got up B．turned around C．went back D．woke up
15．A．part B．spirit（精神）C．feeling D．behavior
二、阅读还原5选5
Every school has some rules for students to follow. But what happens when students break the rules? In the UK, when students don’t behave well at school, they will be given a warning. But if they go on behaving badly—like talking over the teacher—they’ll be punished (惩罚). 16．Generally speaking, there are five punishments in UK schools: detention (课后留校), isolation (隔离) education unit (IEU), supervision (监管), suspension (停学) and exclusion (开除).
If you receive a detention, you’ll find yourself sitting in a room with your teacher during break, lunch or even worse, after school. 17．Depending on how naughty you’ve been, you can get two detentions in one day! If you get an IEU, you’re isolated from other students. 18．
Supervision means that you cannot take part in PE lessons. 19．In this way, all the teachers can always see you. It can make you really uncomfortable and without freedom.
Suspension means you cannot go to school for some time. The most serious punishment you can ever receive is exclusion. You can’t go to the scho ol any more. 20．Obviously, there is no total freedom in the world, no matter in the US or in China. Punishments may be a good way to discipline students somehow. If you don’t want to get punished, do behave well!
A．And there are a lot of ways for students to be punished!
B．You’ll have to find another school to go to and it will be on your school record.
C．In other classes, you sit at the front of the class.
D．The longest time for a detention is two hours.
E.You have to stay in a room all day to complete your lessons.
三、阅读单选
A
If you know a teenager or gamer, you have probably heard about the latest video game: Fortnite. In the game, up to 100 players land into a small island with guns, and then kill or hide from other players in an attempt to be the lone survivor. The main goal is to kill other players. The popularity of these types of games raises clear questions about the effects of violent(暴力的)gaming. Do violent video games lead to
real life violence?
The research on this question is mixed. Over the years, researchers have performed studies to find out whether violent video games lead to problems such as aggression(攻击性）and poor performance in school. Many studies have found that people who play violent video games are more likely to be involved in aggressive behavior. In fact, there was enough research leading to this conclusion(结论）that the American Psychological Association published a policy statement in 2015 concluding that playing violent video games leads to more aggressive behaviors.
But many other researchers disagree. Many studies about violent crime and the use of video violent games find no evidence that increased sales of violent video games leads to an obvious growth in violent crimes. Researchers state that if violent games directly led to violent behavior, the data(数据)would show increases in violent crime on a large—scale as more people played violent games. In fact, there is some evidence that as more youth play video games, rates of youth violence have decreased.
A recent analysis finds that much of the research on violence and video games is affected by publication bias. Studies which drew the conclusions that video games lead to aggression and violence are more likely to be published. However, studies which find violent video games don't have an effect on violence are seldom to be published. As a result, large reviews of the data conclude violent video games lead to aggression without considering research to the contrary.
So what's the take—home message here? There is not enough evidence that violent video games lead to aggressive behavior. That does not mean that every game is for every child. Certainly, many violent video games are scary and unfit for some kids. Understanding each child's needs and creating a plan that sets out rules for media use and monitors kids' activities on screens are proper solutions.
21．The writer mentions the game Fortnite to__________
A．introduce the latest video game B．show the popularity of the game
C．lead in the topic of violent gaming D．share the skills of winning the game
22．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．Harmful effects of violent video games. B．Reasons of playing violent video games.
C．The aggressive behaviors in violent games. D．The research process of the violent games.
23．The word "bias" in Paragraph 4 probably means"___________________"
A．common practice B．unfair preference
C．unusual experience D．serious misunderstanding
24．The writer probably agrees that___________.
A．children should stay away from video games
B．violent video games lead to aggressive behaviors
C．crimes increase with the popularity of violent gaming
D．children need to be guided when playing video games
B
Here are the four adverts from the newspaper Coast Chronicle.
25．About what they advertise, we can safely say that___________.
A．Adverts Ⅰ and Ⅲ advertise two products. B．Adverts Ⅲ and Ⅳ advertise services.
C．Adverts Ⅱ and Ⅲ advertise beliefs. D．Adverts Ⅰ and Ⅳ provide jobs.
26．From the above material we know _____of the adverts are trying to be price competitive.
A．1 B．2. C．3. D．4.
27．Which of the following statements about the advertisements above is NOT true?
A．A newspaper uses one of them in its own newspaper.
B．All of them advertise for the largest number of customers.
C．All of them list the prices.
D．All of them have included contact information.
28．From these examples of advertisements, we can conclude that_________ .
A．some advertisements are provided by newspapers free of charge
B．newspaper is the most common means of advertising
C．advertising is an expensive business
D．advertisements should be attractive to customers
29．If you want someone to do some cleaning for you, you can call ________ .
A．232567 B．73204683 C．444237058 D．0732605041
C
What does the word “patent (专利权)” mean to you? Does it interest you? If it does, stop and think a moment about some of the common things that you use every day: the telephone, radio, television, and the thousands of other things that enrich our lives today, were once only ideas in the minds of men. If it had not been possible to patent their ideas, so as to protect them from being copied, these inventions might never have been fully developed to serve human beings.
If there were no patent protection, there would be little encouragement to invent, for once the secrets of an invention became known, those who did not experience the inventor’s risks and expense s (花费) might well fill the market with their copies of his product and steal much of the benefit (益处) of his efforts.
The most basic values in the U. S. patent system came from England. During the rule of Queen Elizabeth I in England, the growing technology was furthered by the giving of exclusive privileges (独家特权) to people who had invented new processes (程序) or tools—a step that did much to encourage creativity. Later, an important value was added: society had everything to gain and nothing to lose by giving exclusive privileges to an inventor, because a patent for an invention was given for something new
that society never had before.
George Washington signed the first patent law on April 10, 1790, and less than four months later, the first patent was given to a man named Samuel Hopkins for a chemical process, an improved method in soap making.
In 1936, the Patent Office became a separate department and it has grown into an organization of over 2,500 people who every week deal with more than 1,600 patent applications, and of those, give more than 1,000. A patent may be given for any new and useful process, machine, or planning method.
The patent system has also helped to improve the pay of the American worker to an unexpected level; he can produce and earn more by using computers or adding machines, two important patented inventions. Patented inventions also help keep prices down by encouraging competition.
Our patent laws, like the Constitution from which they grew, have stood the test of time. They have encouraged creative processes, brought great benefits to society as a whole, and enabled American technology to outstrip that of the rest of the modern world.
30．From the passage, what can we learn about inventors?
A．They make a lot of money.
B．They fight against copiers.
C．They have a lot of experience.
D．They put effort into inventions.
31．Why were inventors given exclusive privileges?
A．Because their inventions made leaders happy.
B．Because their creativity is very important.
C．Because their inventions could enlarge society.
D．Because they were the smartest people in society.
32．According to the passage, the patent system is good for America because ________.
A．it helps more workers get jobs
B．it provides a first-class service
C．it produces less expensive things
D．it helps inventors find markets
33．What is the meaning of “outstrip” in the last paragraph?
A．be better than B．catch up with C．make better use of D．cost more than
D
Though the ways of teaching have come a long way, the ways of communicating between teachers and students are almost the same. But now, a European country is trying to change that by building schools that have no classrooms, no subject lessons and best of all, no grades.
The idea behind the special school is that children are creative. A nd researchers also think that kids’ learning and ideas are as important as those of the CEO of Google, so why not give them a similar environment? Kids may be successful in such an environment.
To make kids more creative, the schools are built with special learning areas instead of traditional classrooms. And even the lessons are taught in a special way, with mobile phones and computers.
There is no “right” or “wrong” kind of education. The school believes that everything is a learning experience, whether it is about a serious science project or making a movie inside the school’s recording studio.
One of the special schools opened in August, 2011. It has five learning areas. The Cave is a secluded place where students fix their attention on individual (个人的) projects without being bothered (打扰). The Lab is a place where students can do all kinds of experiments and test their ideas. Kids can work in groups in the same projects in The Camp Fire. The Show Off is where kids can show their inventions. And if the kids need a rest, they can visit The Watering Hole, which has all kinds of fun activities.
Sounds great? And the coolest thing is that the school is free! I hope more schools like this will appear in the world!
34．What is the idea behind the special school?
A．The children are creative.
B．All the students need to be taught.
C．All the students must be successful.
D．All the students must have high grades.
35．From the passage we can infer (推断) that in the special schools.
A．students are bored B．students are tired
C．students learn freely D．students learn from their teachers
36．“The Cave is a secluded place ….” The word “secluded” probably means “” in Chinese.
A．清静的B．固定的C．吵闹的D．混合的
37．Paragraph 5 mainly tells us that .
A．the school doesn’t have grades
B．the school has clever students
C．the school has five learning areas
D．the school doesn’t have classrooms
E
38．What can you buy in Senbikiya?
A．Shoes. B．Clothes. C．Books. D．Fruit. 39．Beacon's Closet is in_____________.
A．Buenos Aires B．New York C．London D．Tokyo 40．Which shop did Charles Dickens write about?
A．Senbikiya. B．Beacon's Closet.
C．The Old Curiosity Shop. D．El Ateneo Grand Splendid.
F
Everyone is afraid of something. Some of us are afraid of dogs, snakes, darkness and even babies. This kind of fear is called phobia. Phobias are one of the most common mental illnesses. Women are more likely to experience phobias than men.
There are all kinds of phobias. Most specific (具体的) phobias fall into one of the four kinds: fear of natural environment, fear connected with animals, fear connected with medical treatments and fear connected with specific situations.
The exact cause of specific phobias is not known. Researchers offer the following explanations.
Genetics: Research has shown that certain phobias may run in families. For example, twins who are raised in different places, may develop the same phobias.
Cultural Factors (因素): Some phobias appear only in certain cultural groups. An example is Taijin Kyofusho, a social phobia that appears almost only in Japan. This is a fear of offending (冒犯) or harming others in social situations.
Behavioral and Environmental Factors: Many phobias are based on real-life events that may or may not be remembered. A phobia of dogs, for example, may come from being bitten as a small child.
Some phobias can change your life. For example, if you have Dendrophobia (Fear of trees), you can’t walk around in the forest or even in a garden. Or if you have Heliophobia (Fear of the sun), how can you go outside in daylight? Not all phobias need treatments. But if a phobia affects your daily life, help is required.
Now I want to know if there is a fear of grammar. Maybe that’s Grammarphobia.
41．Fear of heart disease is ________.
A．fear of natural environment B．fear connected with animals
C．fear connected with medical treatments D．fear connected with specific situations
42．The Chinese word for the underlined word “Genetics” is ________.
A．习俗B．营养C．变异D．基因
43．If a man has Taijin Kyofusho, he may ________.
A．have a twin brother B．be Japanese
C．have been bitten by a person D．hurt others in social situations
44．Which is TRUE about phobias?
A．All of them need treatments. B．Dendrophobia prevents you from going outside.
C．Many students have Grammarphobia. D．More women experience phobias than men. 45．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．Phobia, a Common Illness B．The Treatment for Phobias
C．The Effects of Phobias D．The Causes of Phobias
参考答案
1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．C
【分析】试题分析：本文讲述一个疼爱女儿的父亲的故事。

一个人把自己的女儿当成了自己的整个生命，但是不幸的是，在一场病中他失去了女儿，而后伤心欲绝。

在一天的睡梦中，他见到了自己的女儿，梦中女儿的蜡烛总被爸爸的泪水熄灭。

从那以后爸爸便振作了起来。

1．考查名词及语境理解。

句意：他为她而生存，她是他的全部生命。

A. heart心，心脏；B. life生命，生活；C. faith忠诚，信用；D. mood情绪。

为了她而生活，即：她是其全部生命。

故选B。

2．考查介词及语境理解。

句意：他几乎不能想象没有她他将怎么办。

A. without无，没有，不；B. by 通过，以……方式；C. through通过，穿过；D. over在……上，结束，完了。

父亲对女儿倾注了全部的爱，无法想像没有女儿的日子。

故选A。

3．考查形容词及语境理解。

句意：他非常着急。

A. angry生气；B. worried担忧；C. calm沉着；D. satisfied 满意。

女儿得了重病，父亲很着急。

故选B。

4．考查动词及语境理解。

句意：他尽力求她。

A. help帮助；B. persuade(劝说；C. save救，拯救；
D. serve服务。

父亲尽力救生重病的女儿。

故选C。

5．考查形容词及语境理解。

句意：最后，他的努力无用，孩子死了。

A. useful有用的；B. useless 无用的；C. important重要的；D. unimportant不重要的。

因为孩子最后被病魔夺去了生命，所以父母的一切努力都失去了作用。

故选B。

6．考查代词及语境理解。

句意：之后，父亲成了一位隐士，把自己关起来远离朋友们。

A. herself 她自己；B. himself他自己；C. themselves他们自己；D. itself它自己。

故选B。

7．考查动词及语境理解。

句意：之后，父亲成了一位隐士，把自己关起来远离朋友们并且拒绝所有可能把他带回正常生活的活动。

A. put放；B. fetch去拿来；C. hold握住，抓住；D. bring带来。

把他带回到正常生活中来的活动，带来：bring。

故选D。

8．考查动词及语境理解。

句意：她们穿着雪白的衣服，走过白色的宫殿。

A. running跑；B. walking 走；C. speeding加速，急行；D. travelling旅行。

天使们走过，走过：walk by，故选B。

9．考查动词及语境理解。

句意：每位天使拿着一支蜡烛。

A. carried拿着；B. picked捡起；C. packed 打包；D. caught握住，抓住。

拿着蜡烛，故选A。

10．考查形容词及语境理解。

句意：然后他发现拿着黑蜡烛的孩子是他的女儿。

A. little小的；B. beautiful漂亮的；C. dark黑的；D. bright明亮的。

由前句里的bright及except可以推测出，这只蜡烛没亮。

故选C。

11．考查动词及语境理解。

句意：他向她跑去，用手臂紧紧地抱住他。

A. Smiling微笑；B. Talking 说话；C. Rushing冲，奔；D. Jumping跳。

父亲见到深受的女儿，向她跑去，故选C。

12．考查名词及语境理解。

句意：他向她跑去，用手臂紧紧地抱住他。

A. hands手；B. arms手臂；
C. breast胸部；
D. face脸。

由hug拥抱，可知是手臂。

故选B。

13．考查名词及语境理解。

句意：爸爸，他们经常重新点燃它，但是你的泪水总是把它熄灭。

A. tears 眼泪；B. dreams梦想；C. hopes希望；D. complaints抱怨。

由本段最后一句可知是泪水浇灭了烛光。

故选A。

14．考查动词短语及语境理解。

句意：正在这时，他醒了。

A. got up起床；B. turned around 转身；
C. went back回去；
D. woke up醒来。

从梦中醒来，故选D。

15．考查名词及语境理解。

句意：在生活中我们不能避免一些悲伤的感受。

A. part部分；B. spirit 精神；C. feeling感受；D. behavior行为。

伤心的感觉。

故选C。

16．A 17．D 18．E 19．C 20．B
【分析】文章主要介绍了每个学校都有校规，并以英国学校为例，介绍了英国学生在校违反规定会得到的相应的惩罚，并详细地介绍了五种惩罚方式。

16．根据后文“Generally speaking, there are five punishments in UK schools: detention (课后留校), isolation (隔离) education unit (IEU), supervision (监管), suspension (停学) and exclusion (开除).”可知，前句应该是总体的指出有惩罚学生的一些方法，起到引出下文的作用，选项A“学生受到惩罚的方式有很多种！”符合，故选A。

17．根据后句“Depending on how naughty you’ve been, you can get two detentions in one day!”可知，此处说的是有关课后留校的情况，应该是说留校时间的长短取决于学生的调皮程度，选项D“最长的留校时间是两个小时。

”符合，故选D。

18．根据前句“If you get an IEU, you’re isolated from other students.”可知，这里说的是隔离的情况，与其他同学隔离了，那就只有自己一个人学习了，选项E“你必须整天呆在房间里完成你的功课。

”符合，故选E。

19．根据“Supervision means that you cannot take part in PE lessons.”以及“In this way, all the teachers can always s ee you. It can make you really uncomfortable and without freedom.”可知，此处说的是除了不能上体育课之外，其他课上的情况，并且是所有的老师都总是看着你，选项C“在其他课堂上，你坐在教室的前面。

”符合，故选C。

20．根据“The most serious punishment you can ever receive is exclusion. You can’t go to the school any more.”可知，这里说的是被学校开除的情况，被这个学校开除了只能去找其他的学校，选项B“你得另找一所学校去，被开除的记录会在你的学习记录上。

”符合，故选B。

21．C 22．A 23．B 24．D
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。

主要谈论暴力电子游戏的影响。

对暴力电子游戏褒贬不一。

一些研究
人员认为玩暴力电子游戏会导致更具攻击性的行为。

但许多其他研究人员不同意。

有证据表明，随着越来越多的年轻人玩电子游戏，年轻人的暴力发生率有所下降。

大量的数据回顾表明暴力电子游戏会导致攻击，而没有考虑相反的研究。

作者认为孩子们在玩电子游戏时需要被引导。

21．推理判断题。

根据第1段第4和5句“The popularity of these types of games raises clear questions about the effects of violent gaming. Do violent video games lead to real life violence? （这类游戏的流行引发了人们对暴力游戏影响的明确质疑。

暴力电子游戏会导致现实生活中的暴力吗？）”可知“作者提到游戏Fortnite是为了引出暴力游戏的话题”；故选C。

22．主旨题。

第二段内容第3和4句“Researchers state that if violent games directly led to violent behavior, the data(数据)would show increases in violent crime on a large—scale as more people played violent games. In fact, there is some evidence that as more youth play video games, rates of youth violence have decreased.（许多研究发现，玩暴力电子游戏的人更有可能参与攻击性行为。

事实上，已有足够的研究得出这一结论（结论），美国心理协会在2015年发表了一份政策声明，结论是玩暴力电子游戏会导致更具攻击性的行为。

）”可知“第2段主要谈论暴力电子游戏的有害影响。

”；故选A。

23．词义猜测题。

common practice普遍的做法，惯例；unfair preference 不公平待遇，偏见；unusual experience不寻常的经历；serious misunderstanding重大误解。

根据下文“随着越来越多的年轻人玩电子游戏，年轻人的暴力发生率有所下降。

”可知此句“A recent analysis finds that much of the research on violence and video games is affected by publication bias.”句意是“最近的一项分析发现，大部分关于暴力和电子游戏的研究都受到出版偏见的影响。

”故单词“bias”意思是“偏见”；故选B。

24．推理判断题。

根据第5段最后一句“Understanding each child's needs and creating a plan that sets out rules for media use and monitors kids' activities on screens are proper solutions.（了解每个孩子的需求，制定一个计划，规定媒体使用规则，并在屏幕上监控孩子的活动，是正确的解决方案。

）”可知“作者可能同意孩子们在玩电子游戏时需要被引导”；故选D。

25．B 26．B 27．C 28．D 29．A
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了《海岸纪事报》的四则广告。

25．细节理解。

根据文中painting fast-clean-reliable和John's mowing可知，这两个广告是提供服务的工作。

故选B。

26．细节理解。

根据文中This space cost $62.40 in the coast chronicle will reach 150,000 households可知，第二个广告有比较价格。

故选B。

27．细节理解。

题干“以下关于上述广告的陈述哪一项是不正确的？”第三个和第四个广告并没有列举出价格。

选项C是错误的。

故选C。

28．细节理解。

题干“从这些广告的例子中，我们可以得出结论” 根据文中Adrertising means to draw people's attention to something.It is a central feature of our lives.可知，广告应该吸引顾客。

故选D。

29．细节理解。

根据题干“如果你想有人帮你打扫”你可以打那个电话。

根据文中John's mowing Call 232567 any time for lawn mowing可知答案，电话是232567。

故选A。

30．D 31．B 32．C 33．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述专利权以及给发明者授予独家特权是为了保护发明者的努力，鼓励他们的创造力，同时有益于生产更多廉价的产品，给社会带来极大的益处。

30．细节理解题。

根据第二段“the inventor’s risks and expenses”及“his efforts”可知发明者为发明付出了努力。

故选D。

31．细节理解题。

根据第三段“the growing technology was furthered by the gi ving of exclusive privileges to people who had invented new processes or tools—a step that did much to encourage creativity”给发明
者独家特权是为了鼓励创造性，说明创造力很重要。

故选B。

32．推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段“The patent system has also helped to improve the pay of the American worker to an unexpected level; he can produce and earn more by using computers or adding machines, two important patented inventions. Patented inventions also help keep prices down by encouraging competition”专利系统对美国人有好处，提高工人的收入，可以生产更多赚得更多，可以鼓励竞争，降低价格，可知可以生产出更便宜的东西。

故选C。

33．词义猜测题。

此处是“American technology”美国的技术与“of the rest of the modern world”现代世界的其余部分进行比较；根据“They have encouraged creative processes, brought great benefits to society as a whole”可知outstrip表示“更好，胜过”，相当于be better than。

故选A。

34．A 35．C 36．A 37．C
【解析】本文提到现代的教育交流方式很单一，现在欧洲国家尝试改变，建立一个没有教室，没有课程，没有分数的学校，全是为了开发学生的创造性，没有对错之分，学校分为五个区域，有助于学生潜能的开发，并且是免费的。

34．细节理解题。

根据第三段提到To make kids more creative, the schools are built with special learning areas instead of traditional classrooms为了使学生更有创造性，他们建的学校是特殊学习区域而不是传统的教室，所以选A项。

35．细节推断题。

根据第二段提到The idea behind the special school is that children are creative.这个学校为那些有创造力的学习准备的，所以推断出C项。

36．细节理解题。

根据第五段提到The Cave is a secluded place where students fix their attention on
individual (个人的) projects without being bothered (打扰)这个地方是一个安静的地方，在这，学生能集中注意力到个人的项目上而且不被打扰，所以选A项。

37．细节理解题。

根据第五段中提到主要介绍五个学习区域，没有提到分数，也没有提到聪明的学生，而D项没有教室不是这段的内容，所以选C项。

38．D 39．B 40．C
【分析】本文介绍了四大不寻常商店：日本东京的森比基亚水果店、美国纽约的灯塔衣橱店、英国伦敦老古玩店鞋店、阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯著名的书店雅典人书店。

38．细节理解题。

根据表格一森比基亚店（Senbikiya）第2和3句You buy fruit-perfect and very expensive fruit.（你买完美水果和很贵水果。

）There are apples for $25 each and 12 strawberries for$82.（苹果25美元一个，草莓12个82美元一个。

）可知在森比基亚（Senbikiya）商店你可以买到水果；故选D。

39．细节理解题。

根据表格二灯塔衣橱（Beacon's Closet）第2句Then Beacon's Closet in New York, USA is the place for you.（那么，美国纽约的灯塔衣橱就是你的家。

）可知灯塔的衣橱（Beacon's Closet）在纽约；故选B。

40．细节理解题。

根据表格三The Old Curiosity Shop（老古玩店）第1和2句Sometimes the building is what makes your shopping experience special; for example, The Old Curiosity Shop in London, England. It is a tiny old shop which Charles Dickens wrote about in 1841.（有时候，这座建筑会让你的购物体验与众不同；例如，英国伦敦的古玩店。

这是查尔斯·狄更斯在1841年写的一家小店。

）可知查尔斯·狄更斯写了一篇关于古玩店的文章，故选C。

41．C 42．D 43．B 44．D 45．A
【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了恐惧症的四个类别，解释了特定恐惧症的形成原因以及恐惧症对人的生活的影响。

41．细节理解题。

根据“Most specific phobias fall into one of the four kinds: fear of natura l environment, fear connected with animals, fear connected with medical treatments and fear connected with specific situations”，可知对心脏病的恐惧与医疗有关，故选C。

42．词句猜测题。

根据下文“Research has shown that certain phobias may run in families”，可知在家族中遗传应该是基因问题，故选D。

43．推理判断题。

根据“An example is Taijin Kyofusho, a social phobia that appears almost only in Japan”，可判断是个日本人，故选B。

44．细节理解题。

根据“Women are more likely to experience phobias than men”，可推知有恐惧症经历。