塑料瓶线——伦敦“低线”竞赛绿色设计方案,伦敦,英国

塑料瓶线
—伦敦“低线”竞赛绿色设计方案，伦敦，英国
The Bottles Line:
A Green Design for the Low Line Competition, London, UK
朱文一
ZHU Wenyi
“低线”（The Low Line ）是伦敦塔桥车站至格林威治的一段高架铁路线。

这条世界上最早的高架铁路线，也是世界上最早的城郊通勤铁路，建成于1836年，后经过多次改扩建，成为今天伦敦城中心极富特色的线性要素。

英国皇家建筑师学会（RIBA ）发布了“低线”设计国际竞赛。

竞赛提出了一个大胆而又雄心勃勃的计划，希望随着“低线”桥下空间与周边空间的开发，激活沿线街区。

朱文一工作室提交的“塑料瓶线”设计方案不仅针对桥下空间进行设计，而且探索了结合“低线”桥上铁路线实现可持续设计的可能性。

首先，尝试一次性塑料瓶回收利用的可能
性。

2018年，英国女王向塑料宣战，提倡不使用一次性塑料。

可以想象，在未来，一次性塑料瓶在英国、在全世界都将成为稀有物件。

是否可以搜集过去使用过的一次性塑料瓶，在“低线”上展示，作为人类发展阶段的记录，体现连续的城市记忆（图1）？这正是“塑料瓶线”方案的出发点。

其次，今天的“低线”作为伦敦城中心的交通干线，上面有多条轨道并置，下面则是878个呈现各个时期建筑风格的通过式拱券桥洞和非通过式桥洞。

设计方案将一次性塑料瓶按色彩分类，并在瓶中装填砂砾，制作成捆作为装置材料。

按照通过式桥洞的位置和形状，按照不同色彩间隔放置，创造空中鸟瞰“低线”五彩斑斓的奇幻效果（图2—6）。

最后，通过简单的轻钢结构钢架构造，将搜集到的透明塑料瓶制作成雨棚，实现“低线”下的塑料瓶展示空间。

在“低线”下面的多处非通过式桥洞里，添置品牌店、体验店、健身房、餐厅、咖啡厅等商业设施，将桥下空间使用最大化（图7—10）；带动周边街块商业开发，激活整个地区的城市活力；同时沿线布置慢行步道，与伦敦城市慢行系统连接。

从伦敦塔桥车站至格林威治车站，3.5英里长的“低线”上，由红、黄、蓝、绿色斑块构成的“塑料瓶线”，将成为伦敦城中心一道亮丽的风景线（图11）。

简况
地点：英国伦敦
时间：2019年8月—9月主办：RIBA 竞赛
项目：伦敦低线设计竞赛
团队
主创建筑师：朱文一成员：江昊懋，杨艺瑶，冉展
朱文一（清华大学）
ZHU Wenyi, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
收稿日期：2020年01月5日Received Date: Jan 5, 2020
参考文献引用格式：
朱文一. 塑料瓶线: 伦敦“低线”竞赛绿色设计方案，伦敦，英国 [J]. 城市设计, 2020(1): 106-112.
ZHU W. The Bottles Line: A green design for the Low Line Competition, London, UK [J]. Urban Design, 2020(1):
106-112.
Location: London, UK
Time: August - September 2019Host: RIBA Competition
Program: the Low Line Competition
Facts
Design Team
Chief Architect: ZHU Wenyi
Team Member: JIANG Haomao, YANG Yiyao, RAN Zhan
设计
DESIGN
DOI:10.16513/j.urbandesign.2020.01.025
图1 / Figure 1
“塑料瓶线”设计构思Concept of Bottles Line
FULL TEXTS TRANSLATED FROM CHINESE 图片来源
Figure Sources
文中图片均为朱文一工作室提供。

All figures are provided by ZHUWENYI Atelier.
"The Low Line" is an elevated railway, London and Greenwich railway. This world's earliest elevated railway is also the world's earliest suburban commu-ter railway. It was completed in 1836 and has been rebuilt many times since then. The Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) has published an interna-tional competition for" The Low Line" design. The competition put forward a bold and ambitious plan, hoping to activate the blocks along the line with the development of the space under the "Low Line" and the surrounding spaces. This is the challenge presen-ted by the competition. The design proposal "Bottles Line" submitted by ZHUWENYI Atelier not only aimed at the space under the bridge, but also explo-red the possibility of achieving sustainable design by combining the railway line on the "Low Line".The first is to try the possibility of recycling sing-le-use plastic bottles. In 2018, the Queen of England declared war on plastics, advocating not to use sing-le-use plastics. It is conceivable that in the future, single-use plastic bottles will become rare in the
United Kingdom and around the world. Is it pos-sible to collect single-use plastic bottles that have been used in the past and display them on the "Low Line" as a record of human development stages that reflects continuous urban memory (Figure 1)? This is the concept of the "Bottles Line" proposal.Moreover, today's "Low Line" serves as the main line of transportation in the center of London City. There are multiple rails juxtaposed above, and below are 878 pass-through voucher bridge holes and non-pass-through bridge holes that show the architectural style of each period. The design pro-posal sorts single-use plastic bottles by color, fills the gravel in the bottles, and makes bundles as construction materials. According to the position and shape of the through-bridges, they are placed at different color intervals to create a colorful and magical effect of bird's-eye view of the "Low Line" (Figure 2-Figure 6).
Furthermore, the transparent plastic bottles collec-ted are made into a canopy through a simple struc-ture of light steel structure and steel frame, so as
to realize the display space of plastic bottles under the "Low Line". In many non-pass-through arches below the "Low Line", brand stores, experience stores, gyms, restaurants, cafes and other com-mercial facilities are added to maximize the use of arches (Figure 7-Figure10); drive surrounding streets The commercial development of the block activates the vitality of the city in the whole area. At the same time, walkway is arranged along the "Low Line" to connect with the London city walk-way system.
London and Greenwich Railway, the 3.5-mile-long "Low Line" with Bottles Line made up of red, yel-low, blue, and green patches will become a beautiful scenic line in the center of London (Figure 11).
图4 / Figure 4总平面图
Master Plan
图2 / Figure 2
图底关系图 / Figure-Ground Map 来源 / Source: snazzy maps 图3 / Figure 3塑料瓶图案设计
Colour Pattern of single-use plastic bottles
图7 / Figure 7
再利用的桥洞和一次性塑料瓶雨棚
Reused Arches and Canopy with Single-Use Bottles。