高中英语精品同步教案：UnitThepowerofnature人教新课标选修 (2)

2014-2015学年高中英语（浙江精品）同步教案（2）：Unit 5 The power of nature （人教新课标选修6）
Period ⅡWarming Up & Reading
●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。

(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。

(3)通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练地运用这些词汇。

(4)通过对本课文的理解，让学生学会用英语写一些关于对自然灾害的描述和
如何预防自然灾害的简单短文，并培养学生养成自觉用英语写作或随时描述某些自然现象的好习惯，以提高学生的书面表达能力。

●教学地位
单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确使用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。

●新课导入建议
We all know that the volcano, hurricane or earthquake have a bad effect on the life of human being. What shall we do when faced with one of these powerful natural forces? Now I want to ask ××× to say something about his/her ways to protect himself/herself from them.(老师让×××同学谈谈他/她的在自然灾害面前保护自己的一些方法。

)
●教学流程设计
老师检查上堂课所布置的作业，检查学生对学案预习的情况。

导入新课。

让学生就“互动探究”(见学案第76－82页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。

让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论，然后老师给出详细正确答案。

老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。

让学生再次阅读课文（课本第34－35页）以加深对所学单词与短语的理解。

让学生完成“自我评估”（学案第82页）。

布置作业。

让学生完成课本第36页第1、2、3题，“课时作业”和预习“Period Ⅲ”(见学案第81－87页)。

1．erupt vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生
It shows a volcano erupting.(教材P33)
它表示的是火山喷发时的情形。

Hot ashes and molten lava erupted from the volcano.
热火山灰和熔岩从火山中喷发出来。

Violence erupted in the city after the football match.
足球赛后城里爆发了暴力事件。

erupt into doing sth.突然……起来eruption n．爆发
My father just erupted into fury.我父亲勃然大怒。

My houses were destroyed in the major volcanic eruption.在这次火山大爆发中许多房子被毁。

erupt/explode/burst
用erupt/explode/burst的适当形式填空
①The volcano______________in 2012.
②The pipes had______________and the house was under two feet of water.
③There was a huge bang as if someone____________a rocket outside.
④Violence______________after the strike.
【答案】①erupted②burst③had exploded
④erupted
2．compare vt.比较；相比
Have you ever considered how weak humans are compared with a volcano，hurricane or earthquake？(教材P33)
你是否想过与火山、飓风或地震相比，人类是何等脆弱？
The report compares the two different types of computers.这份报告比较了两种不同类型的电脑。

If you compare their work you'll find hers is much better.要是把他俩的工作比较一下，就会发现她的好得多。

compare A with B把A和B进行比较
compare A to B把A比作B(显示某人或某事物与其他人或其他事物有相似之处)
compared with/to与……相比，常在句中作状语。

compare notes对笔记，交换意见
beyond compare/comparison举世无双，无与伦比
She is lovely beyond compare.
她真是可爱得无与伦比。

He compared Beijing to the heart of China.
他把北京比作中国的心脏。

His poem compares poorly with yours.
他的诗做得不如你的好。

________ other good students，the teacher thinks，Hank is ________ student. A．Compared with；a most satisfied
B．Compared to；the most satisfied
C．Comparing to；the more satisfying
D．Compared with；a more satisfying
【解析】句意：与其他好学生相比，老师认为Hank是一个更让人感到满意的学生。

compared with/to“与……相比”。

more satisfying“更让人满意的”，形容词的比较级前a表示“一个”在本句中不表示特指故不用the。

故D项正确。

【答案】 D
3．equipment n．[U]设备；装备
Sometimes working outdoors，sometimes in an office，sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists，I am never bored.(教材P34)有时在室外工作，有时在办公室里，有时要用科学仪器，有时要会见当地百姓和游客。

但是我从来没感到厌烦过。

They packed the food and camping equipment in the trailer.他们把食物和野营用具都装上了拖车。

We'll gradually upgrade weapons and other equipment.
我们将逐步改进武器和其他装备。

【提示】equipment为不可数名词，没有复数形式，也不能直接加不定冠词。

a piece of equipment一件设备equip v．装置；配备
equip sb.with sth.用……装备某人
equip sb.for sth.为……装备/准备
be equipped to do sth.配备……做某事
be well equipped装备精良
We'll equip our office with word processors.
我们将在办公室配备文字处理机。

The library is richly equipped with books.
该图书馆藏书颇丰。

完成句子
①你受的教育将使你很好地谋生。

Your education will__________you__________．
②房间里都装了摄像机。

The rooms ________________ video cameras.
③计算机是你将要买的最重要的一件设备。

A computer is______________you will buy.
【答案】①equip；to earn a good living②are equipped with③the most important piece of equipment
4．appoint vt.任命；委派；约定；安排
I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory(HVO)twenty years ago.(教材P34)二十年前我被任命为火山学家，为夏威夷火山观测站工作。

The oldest general was appointed (to be) marshal of the armies.那位老将军被任命为部队元帅。

They appointed a place to exchange experience.
他们指定一个地方交流经验。

appoint sb.to be/as...任命某人(某职) appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事
appoint time/place for...安排；确定时间/地点……appointed adj.约定的；指定的
appointment n．任命；约会；约定
have/make an appointment with sb.
约见某人；与某人约会
He was appointed as the president's secretary.
他被任命为董事长秘书。

We must appoint somebody to finish the tough task.
我们得指定一个人去完成这项艰难的任务。

I hope to get a teaching appointment at the new school. 我希望被委派到那所新学校教书。

用appoint的适当形式填空
①The time ________ for the meeting is 2 p．m.
②He can't keep the ________ because he is ill.
完成句子
③史密斯先生被任命为我们学校的校长。

Mr.Smith ________________ headmaster of our school.
④一位律师被指定为这个孩子的代理律师。

A lawyer ________________ the child.
【答案】①appointed②appointment③was appointed as/to be④was appointed to represent
单项填空
⑤He was________as manager by the director for his wonderful performance in the past year.
A．appointed B．．thought of
C．considered D．regarded
【解析】考查词义辨析。

appoint任命；think of考虑；consider认为；regard 认为。

句意：因为他过去一年里的完美表现，他被董事长任命为经理。

【答案】 A
5．evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计
Having collected and evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.(教材P34) 收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将往何处流失，流速是多少。

I can't evaluate his ability without seeing his work.
我没有看到他的工作情况，无法评价他的能力。

The school has only been open for six months，so it's hard to evaluate its achievement.
该学校仅开办了六个月，现在还很难估计它的成就。

evaluate/estimate/value
这棵树估计至少有700年了。

It can be difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of different treatments. 要对各种治疗方法的效果作出评估会很难。

Paintings valued at over $200，000 were stolen from her home.
几幅估价为二十多万美元的画从她家里被盗走了。

选词填空：evaluate，estimate，value
①We ________ that it would cost about 5，000 dollars.
②The car has been ________ at over 20，000 dollars.
③We need to ________ how well the policy is working.
【答案】①estimated②valued③evaluate
6．burn to the ground全部焚毁
Unfortunately，we cannot move their homes out of the way，and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground.(教材P34)
遗憾的是，我们不可能把他们的家搬离岩浆流过的地方，因此，许多房屋被熔岩淹没，或者焚烧殆尽。

The building was burnt to the ground due to the fireworks.放烟火使得大楼全部焚毁。

burn down把……烧成平地；烧光；火力减弱burn off烧掉某物
burn out烧光；烧毁；熄灭
burn away逐渐烧完；烧光
burn up烧起来；烧尽；烧毁；消耗热能
burn...to death烧死……
burn oneself out精疲力竭
The pile of paper had burnt away to nothing when we arrived.当我们到达的时候这堆纸已烧成了灰烬。

The building(was) burnt down and only ashes were left.那座楼烧得只剩下灰
烬。

The house was burnt out although it had resulted from that little fire.
尽管起因于那堆小火，那房屋却被烧空了。

完成句子
①他往火上加木材想让它烧得更旺。

He put more wood on the fire to make it ____________．
②他们的房子被焚为平地，无处可住。

With their houses ______________，they had no place to live in.
③他要是继续这样拼命工作，就会把自己累垮。

If he doesn't stop working so hard，he'll ________ himself ________．
【答案】①burn up②burnt to the ground
③burn；out
7．wave n．波涛；波浪vi.波动；起伏；挥手
The lava that flows slowly like a wave down the mountain causes far more damage because it buries everything in its path under the molten rock.(教材P34) 而顺着山坡下流的像浪头一样的火山熔岩所造成的损失却大得多，因为火山岩浆所流经的地方，一切东西都被埋在熔岩下面了。

She waved to the cheering crowd in acknowledgement.她向欢呼的群众挥手致意。

The waves crashed against the rocks.
海浪冲击着岩石。

in waves一阵阵地；波状地wave length波长
wave sth.aside不理会
wave to sb.朝某人挥手
wave sth.at sb.朝某人挥动某物
wave sb.goodbye/wave goodbye to sb.
向某人挥手告别
Guilt and horror flooded her in waves.
歉疚和恐惧一阵阵涌上她的心头。

My mother was crying as I waved her goodbye.
我向母亲挥手告别时她哭了。

完成句子
①My opinion on the problems ________________(不予理会)．
②Why did you ________(向……招手)him?
③I showed my pass to the security guard and he ____________(挥手让我通过)me to go.
【答案】①was waved aside②wave at③waved me to pass by
8．I was_about_to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.(教材P34)
我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。

该句是并列句，核心句式是：...be about to...when...，其中when是并列连词，常用于引导一个突然出现的动作，意为“正在这时/那时”，相当于and at this/that time。

I was about to go out when Tom came in.
我正要出去，这时汤姆进来了。

I was about to go out when the telephone rang.
我正要出去，电话铃响了。

并列连词when常用于以下句型：
①was/were doing...when...
正在做……这时……
②was/were about to do...when...
正要做……这时……
③was/were on the point of doing...when...
刚要做……这时……
④had just done...when...刚做完……这时……
⑤had hardly/scarcely done...when...Hardly/Scarcely had...done...when...刚做完……这时/那时……
I was walking in the street when I saw my old friend Mary.我正在街上走着，这时我看见了我的老朋友玛丽。

I was about to go/on the point of going to your home to help you with your English when my uncle came.
我正要出门去你家辅导你英语，这时我叔叔来了。

I had just finished my work you called me.
我刚完成工作这时你来电话了。

The game had hardly/scarcely begun when it started to rain.
＝Hardly/Scarcely had the game begun when it started to rain.
比赛刚刚开始，天就开始下起雨来。

【对接高考】
①(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)I had hardly got to the office ________ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
A．when B．．than
C．until D．after
【解析】句意：我刚到办公室，我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。

“hardly...when...”是固定句型，意为“刚……就……”。

类似的结构还有scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...。

以上结构中如果no sooner，hardly，scarcely 放在句首时句子用倒装语序。

解答本题的关键是句中的副词hardly。

【答案】 A
②(2011·浙江高考)One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away ________ my daughter heard cries for help.
A．after B．while
C．since D．when
【解析】考查连词辨析。

语意表示我们正在收拾行李，这时我的女儿听到求救的呼喊。

be doing...when...表示“正在做事，这时(突然)……”，是常用结构，故选D项。

【答案】 D
句型转换
①I was just beginning to talk about this question.
Just then you interrupted me.
→I ______________________ about this question __________ you interrupted
me.
→I ______________________ about this question ____________ you interrupted me.
完成句子
②我们正在开会，这时突然有人闯了进来。

We __________________________ someone broke is.
③我正要上车，这时我听到有人喊我的名字。

I ____________________ getting on the bus ____________ I heard my name called.
【答案】①was about to talk；when；was on the point of talking；when ②were having a meeting when③was on the point of；when
9．absolutely adv.完全地；绝对地
There had been an eruption from the side of the mountain and red hot lava was fountaining hundreds of metres into the air.It was an absolutely fantastic sight.(教材P34)在山的一边有火山喷发，红色发烫的岩浆像喷泉一样，朝天上喷射达几百米高。

真是绝妙的奇景！
Although it is impossible to absolutely predict that a volcano will break out at some minute，it is possible in some period.要绝对地预测一座火山将在某一分钟爆发是不可能的，但是，在某个时期爆发还是能够预测到的。

You are absolutely right.你完全正确。

absolute adj.纯粹的；完全的；绝对的
absolute trust完全信任
absolute proof确凿证据
【教师备课资源】
absolutely表示perfectly，completely，无比较级，不被表示程度的副词修饰，如very，但可用nearly等修饰。

absolute同样无比较级，不用very修饰，可用nearly等修饰。

完成句子
①美没有绝对的标准。

There is no________________for beauty.
②我完全相信你的判断。

I trust your judgement________________．
【答案】①absolute standard②absolutely
10．suit n．一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜
We had white protective suits that covered our whole body，helmets，big boots and special gloves.(教材P34)
我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，戴上了头盔和特制的手套，还穿了一双大靴子。

I don't think this song suits him.
我认为这首歌不适合他。

Her speech was well suited to the occasion.
她的讲话在这个场合非常适宜。

suit oneself随自己的意愿行事suit sth.to sth.使某物适合于(另一物)
suitable adj.合适的；适宜的
be suitable for sth./sb.适于某物/人
be suitable to do sth.适合做某事
He tried to suit his performance to the audience.
他尽力使自己的表演迎合观众的口味。

The show is not suitable for young children on the whole.总之，该表演不太适合少儿观看。

fit/suit/match
根据语境用fit，suit，match完成下列小片段
①The dress ________ you well，but its colour doesn't ________ you and you need a tie to ________it.
完成句子
②请自便，不过我曾希望过你能来帮助。

______________，but I had hoped that you would come and help.
③这所房子不适合大家庭居住。

The house ________________ a large family.
【解析】①fits；suit；match②Suit yourself③is not suitable for
11．make one's way前往；向……走去；成功
It was not easy to walk in these suits，but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre.(教材P35)穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。

Though it was raining hard，he made his way home.
尽管雨下得很大，他还是回家了。

Being exhausted，she made her way to bed.
她很疲惫，朝着床走了过去。

If you want to make your way，you must learn to work hard when you are still young.
你要想成功，就得学会趁着年轻努力工作。

①feel one's way摸索着前行
fight/push/one's way推挤着前行
wind one's way蜿蜒向前
force one's way out挤出去；冲出去
push one's way in挤进去
lose one's way迷路
②on the way to在去……的路上
in the way挡道
in no way决不；一点也不
in a/one way在某种意义上；在某种程度上
make way for让路；让位于
by way of取道；途经
There was no light，so we had to feel our way in the dark.由于没有灯光，所以我们不得不在黑暗中摸索着向前走。

She gradually fought her way to the top of the company.
她努力奋斗，逐渐进入公司的高层。

Try and push your way through the crowd.
试着从人群中挤过去。

【对接高考】
(2013·福建高考) Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always________whenever she tries to.
A．in the way B．on watch
C．in sight D．on the line
【解析】考查介词短语。

A项“挡道，妨碍”，B项“值班，监视”，C 项“在视线中，被看见”，D项“在线上”。

根据句意：史密斯太太发现想收拾一下那些乱七八糟的东西有困难，因为每当她想要做的时候她的那些孩子总是妨
碍她。

故答案选A。

【答案】 A
完成句子
①他乘火车来到伦敦前往儿童医院。

He took a train to London and ______________ to the Children's Hospital.
②我将把职务让给更年轻的人。

I shall ____________ a younger man.
③车刚停好，我们就从拥挤的公共汽车上挤下来。

We ______________ out of the crowded bus as soon as it stopped.
④灯突然熄灭了，同学们一个个地摸黑走出教室。

The lights went out suddenly.One by one the students ____________ out of the classroom.
【答案】①made his way②make way for
③pushed our way④felt their way
12．The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this_being_my_first_experience．I stayed at the top and watched them.(教材P35)
另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆。

我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。

this being my first experience是独立主格结构，在句中作原因状语。

独立主格结构本身不是句子，但在语意上相当于一个句子，一般用逗号与句子主体部分隔
开。

独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。

There being no bus ，he had to walk home.
由于没有公交车了，他只好步行回家。

There is a big garden in front of the house ，its owner seated in it.
房子前有一个大花园，它的主人坐在里面。

常见的独立主格结构：
名词/代词＋⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧现在分词（表主动、进行）过去分词（表被动、完成）
不定式（表将来）形容词/副词介词短语
So many people to help him，he is sure to succeed.
如此多的人要帮他，他一定会成功的。

Classes over，the students came to the playground.
下课了，学生们来到了操场上。

He came back into the room，his ears red with cold.
他回到了房子里，耳朵冻红了。

He came out of the library，(a)book under (his) arm.
他胳膊下夹着一本书，从图书馆里出来了。

The president murdered，the whole country was in deep sorrow.
总统被杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲伤之中。

【提示】用独立主格结构还是用完整的句子，要看前后两部分中间有无连词。

若有连词，用完整的句子，如无连词，则用独立主格结构。

【对接高考】
①(2012·课标全国卷)The party will be held in the garden，weather ________．
A．permitting B．to permit
C．permitted D．permit
【解析】句意：如果天气允许的话，聚会将在花园里举行。

weather permitting 是独立主格形式，相当于if引导的条件状语从句，即if weather permits。

【答案】 A
②(2011·浙江高考)Bats are surprisingly long－lived creatures，some ________
a life span of around 20 years.
A．having B．had
C．have D．to have
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：真想不到，蝙蝠竟是长寿生物，有些蝙蝠的寿命长达20年。

结合语意和句子结构可知，此处为独立主格结构，having的逻辑主语是前面的some。

【答案】 A
用所给动词的适当形式填空
①The test ____________(finish)，we began our holiday.
②The girl ____________(stare)at him，he didn't know what to say.
③So much work __________(do)，we have no time to play.
句型转换
④If weather permits，we'll go sightseeing.
→Weather ________，we'll go sightseeing.
⑤Having finished the work，they were allowed to have a rest.
→The work ________，they were allowed to have a rest.
⑥There were no buses，and they had to walk home.
→There ________ no buses，they had to walk home.
【答案】①finished②staring③to do④permitting⑤finished
⑥being
13．potential n．潜在性；可能性；潜能adj.可能的；潜在的
Having studied volcanoes now for many years，I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.(教材P35)
虽然我从事火山研究许多年了，但是我对火山的壮丽景色以及它那潜在的巨大破坏力至今仍然感到惊愕不已。

She has acting potential，but she needs to be trained.
她有表演潜力，但还需要培训。

They began to realize that old people had potential，too.
他们开始认识到老年人也是有潜力的。

potential customers潜在的客户
a potential source of conflict潜在的冲突根源
the potential for sth./to do sth.做……的潜力
完成句子
①He often considered him as __________________(未来的总统)．
②They didn't realize ________________________(这有潜在的危险)．【答案】①the potential president②there was a potential danger。