小升初常用数学术语英语对照

小升初考试常用数学术语英语对照【常用术语】注意：粗体术语要求“四会”！计算calculation运算operation证明prove加plus, add(v.), addition(n.)和sum减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)差remainder乘times(prep.), multiply(v.)积product除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)等于equals, is equal to,大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than运算符operator数字digit数number自然数natural number正positive负negative零zero,公式formula,未知数unknown, x-factor,一次方程simple equation乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth power元素element图象image极限limit点point线line面plane体solid角angle角度degree直角right angle平角straight angle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle直角边leg长length宽width正方形square菱形rhomb, diamond长方形rectangle梯形trapezoid圆circle圆锥cone圆柱cylinder球sphere半球hemisphere圆心centre半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi环ring相似similar棱锥pyramid底面undersurface表面积surface area体积volume空间space统计statistics平均数average百分比percent图表graph ；a diagram；a figure 排列permutation组合combination条形统计图bar graph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图broken line graph曲线统计图curve diagram扇形统计图pie diagram速度speed【英文的一些表达方法】倍数的表达法：A + 谓语+倍数+the +n.(size/ height/ length……)+of BA + 谓语+倍数+as + abj. + as BA + 谓语+adj. 比较级+than B+by+倍数 A + 谓语+倍数+adj. 比较级+than Bλ1).This square is twice the size of that one.This square is twice as large as that one.◊This square is once larger than that one.◊2).This factory produced three times as many cars as they did 10 years ago.He is older than I by 3 years3).He is 3 years older than her.小数或者分数的表达：0.7 zero point seven 2.85 two point eight five 9% nine percenta dozen 一打（12个） a score 二十double 成双，两倍1/2 one half, one second 1/3 one third 2/3 two thirds4/5 four fifths另附：南外小升初入学考试数学数学术语的英文对照加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)和sum减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)被减数minuend减数subtrahend差difference乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)被乘数multiplicand,乘数multiplication积product除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)加法addition减法subtraction乘法multiplication除法division可被整除的数divisible被整除divided evenly被除数dividend除数divisor余数remainder商quotient二加一等于三 2 plus 1 equals 3四减二等于二 4 minus 2 equals 2四乘以五 4 multiplied by 5, 4 times 5二十除以五等于20 divided by 5,等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than数字digit数number自然数natural number整数whole number正整数positive whole number连续整数consecutive number奇数odd number偶数even number合数composite number e.g. 4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15…质数prime number e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15…倒数inverse reciprocal小数decimal小数点decimal point纯小数decimal fraction无穷小数Infinite decimal循环小数recurring decimal分数fraction真分数proper fraction假分数improper fraction带分数mixed fraction普通分数common fraction简分数simple fraction繁分数complex fraction四分之一quarter四分之三three-quarter三分之一third二分之一half分子numerator分母denominator公约数common divisor倍数multiple(质)因子(prime) factor公因子common factor比ratio正positive正数positive number负negative零null, zero,零点四zero point four十进制decimal system十位tens个位units二进制binary system进位carry四舍五入round下舍入round down上舍入round up有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificant digit最小公倍数the Lowest Common最大公约数the Highest Common平均数average近似值approximation估算estimation混合运算Mixed Operation等式equation百分比percentage比ratio比例proportion分子numerator公分母common denominator使乘五次方to raise to the power of five 某数的平方x squared平方根square root立方根cube root比例法rule of three等式,方程式equation未知数unknown【数学符号英文对照】＋plus 加号；正号－minus 减号；负号±plus or minus 正负号×is multiplied by 乘号÷is divided by 除号＝is equal to 等于号≠is not equal to 不等于号≈is approximately equal to 约等于号＜is less than 小于号＞is more than 大于≤is less than or equal to 小于或等于号≥is more than or eq ual to 大于或等于号％per cent 百分之…‰per mill 千分之…∝varies as 与…成比例∷equals, as (proportion) 等于，成比例∠angle 角⌒semicircle 半圆⊙circle 圆○circumference圆周π pi 圆周率△triangle三角形⊥perpendicular to垂直于°degree度′minute 分″second 秒＃number … 号℃Celsius system 摄氏度＠at 单价【几何部分英语术语】all the angles 所有的角vertical angle 对顶角central angle 圆心角interior angle 内角exterior angle 外角acute angle 锐角obtuse angle 钝角right angle 直角round angle 周角straight angle 平角included angle 夹角triangle 三角形equilateral triangle 等边三角形scalene triangle 不等边三角形isosceles triangle 等腰三角形right triangle 直角三角形oblique triangle 斜三角形【有关平面图形，除三角形外】semicircle 半圆concentric circles 同心圆quadrilateral 四边形pentagon 五边形hexagon 六边形heptagon 七边形octagon 八边形nonagon 九边形decagon 十边形polygon 多边形parallelogram 平行四边形equilateral 等边形plane 平面square 正方形，平方rectangle 长方形regular polygon 正多边形rhombus 菱形trapezoid 梯形【其它平面图形】arc 弧line, straight line 直线line segment 线段parallel lines 平行线segment of a circle 弧形【有关立体图形】cube 立方体，立方数rectangular solid 长方体circular cylinder 圆柱体cone 圆锥solid 立体的【有关图形上的附属物】altitude 高depth 深度width 宽side 边长circumference, perimeter 周长surface area 表面积volume 体积arm 直角三角形的股cross section 横截面center of a circle 圆心chord 弦radius 半径angle bisector 角平分线diagonal 对角线diameter 直径edge 棱face of a solid 立体的面included side 夹边leg 三角形的直角边median of a triangle 三角形的中线base 底边，底数（e.g. 2的5次方，2就是底数）opposite 直角三角形中的对边midpoint 中点endpoint 端点vertex 顶点tangent 切线的transversal 截线intercept 截距【有关坐标】coordinate system 坐标系rectangular coordinate 直角坐标系origin 原点abscissa 横坐标ordinate 纵坐标number line 数轴plane geometry 平面几何trigonometry 三角学bisect 平分intersect 相交perpendicular 垂直multilateral 多边的【其它】1、单位类cent 美分dollar 美圆pound 英镑penny 一美分硬币nickel 5美分硬币dime 一角硬币dozen 打（12个）score 廿(20个Centigrade 摄氏Fahrenheit 华氏yard 码meter 米micron 微米inch 英寸foot 英尺minute 分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度) square measure 平方单位制cubic meter 立方米【有关数学题目文字叙述题】相遇：meet / encounter / bump into追击：catch up with / catch / overtake/ 打折discount利息i减少到decrease to增加到list price直接付款down payment / pay总共total涨价make up利润profit每人per capita比率ratio零售价retail price数据numbers / statistics上升：rise / increase / jump/ go up下降：go down/ drop /波动go up and down / fluctuate。