2019年英语专业八级真题听力 Interview(1)
2019英语专业八级真题及答案
2019英语专业八级真题及答案PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(35MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You. will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Miss Green’s university days?A. She felt bored.B. She felt lonely.C. She cherished them.D. The subject was easy.2. Which of the following is NOT part of her job with the Department of Employment?A. Doing surveys at workplace.B. Analyzing survey results.C. Designing questionnaires.D. Taking a psychology course.3. According to Miss Green, the main difference between the Department of Employment and the advertising agency lies inA. the nature of work.B. office decoration.C. office location.D. work procedures.4. Why did Miss green want to leave the advertising agency?A. She felt unhappy inside the company.B. She felt work there too demanding.C. She was denied promotion in the company.D. She longed for new opportunities.5. How did Miss Green react to a heavier workload in the new job?A. She was willing and ready.B. She sounded mildly eager.C. She a bit surprised.D. She sounded very reluctant.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet. Questions 6 and 7 based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.6. The man stole the aircraft mainly because he wanted toA. destroy the European Central Bank.B. have an interview with a TV station.C. circle skyscrapers in downtown Frankfurt.D. remember the death of a US astronaut.7. Which of the following statements about the man is TRUE?A. He was a 31-year-old student from Frankfurt.B. He was piloting a two-seat helicopter he had stolen.C. He had talked to air traffic controllers by radio.D. He threatened to land on the European Central Bank.Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of thenews item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.8. The news is mainly about the city government’s plan toA. expand and improve the existing subway system.B. build underground malls and parking lots.C. prevent further land subsidence.D. promote advanced technology.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.9. According to the news, what makes this credit card different from conventional ones isA. that it can hear the owner’s voice.B. that it can remember a password.C. that it can identify the owner’s voice.D. that it can remember the owner’s PIN.10. The newly developed credit card is said to said to have all the following EXCEPTA. switch.B. battery.C. speaker.D. built-in chip.参考答案：Section A Mini-lecture1.the author2.other works3.literary trends4.grammar,diction or uses of image5.cultural codes6.cultural7.the reader8.social9.reader competency10. social sructure,traditions of writing or political cultural influences,etc.Section B Interview1-5 CDDDASection C News Broadcast6-10 DCBCAPART II READING COMPREHENSION(30MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions.Read the passages and then mark your answers on your colouredanswer sheet.TEXT AThe University in transformation, edited by Australian futurists Sohail Inayatullah and Jennifer Gidley, presents some 20 highly varied outlooks on tomorrow’s universities by writers representing both Western and mon-Western perspectives. Their essays raise a broad range of issues, questioning nearly every key assumption we have about higher education today.The most widely discussed alternative to the traditional campus is the Internet University - a voluntary community to scholars/teachers physically scattered throughout a country or around the world but all linked in cyberspace. A computerized university could have many advantages, such as easy scheduling, efficient delivery of lectures to thousands or even millions of students at once, and ready access for students everywhere to the resources of all the world’s great libraries.Yet the Internet University poses dangers, too. For example, a line of franchised courseware, produced by a few superstar teachers, marketed under the brand name of a famous institution, and heavily advertised, might eventually come to dominate the global education market, warns sociology professor Peter Manicas of the University of Hawaii at Manoa. Besides enforcinga rigidly standardized curriculum, such a “college education in a box” could undersell the offerings of many traditional brick and mortar institutions, effectively driving then out of business and throwing thousands of career academics out of work, note Australian communications professors David Rooney and Greg Hearn.On the other hand, while global connectivity seems highly likely to play some significant role in future higher education, that does not mean greater uniformity in course content - or other dangers - will necessarily follow. Counter-movements are also at work.Many in academia, including scholars contributing to this volume, are questioning the fundamental mission of university education. What if, for instance, instead of receiving primarily technical training and building their individual careers, university students and professors could focus their learning and research efforts on existing problems in their local communities and the world? Feminist scholar Ivana Milojevic dares to dream what a university might become “if we believed that child-care workers and teachers in early childhood education should be one of the highest (rather than lowest) paid professionals?”Co-editor Jennifer Gidley shows how tomorrow’s university faculty, instead of giving lectures and conducting independent research, may take on three new roles. Some would act as brokers, assembling customized degree-credit programmes for individual students by mixing and matching the best course offerings available from institutions all around the world. A second group, mentors, would function much like today’s faculty advisers, but are likely to be working with many more students outside their own academic specialty. This would require them to constantly be learning from their students as well as instructing them.A third new role for faculty, and in Gidley’s view the most challenging and rewarding of all, would be as meaning-makers: charismatic sages and practitioners leading groups of students/colleagues in collaborative efforts to find spiritual as well as rational and technological solutions to specific real-world problems.Moreover, there seems little reason to suppose that any one form of university must necessarily drive out all other options. Students may be “enrolled” in courses offered at virtual campuses on the Internet, between -or even during - sessions at a real-world problem-focused institution.As co-editor Sohail Inayatullah points out in his introduction, no future is inevitable, and the very act of imagining and thinking through alternative possibilities can directly affect how thoughtfully, creatively and urgently even a dominant technology is adapted and applied. Even in academia, the future belongs to those who care enough to work their visions into practical, sustainable realities.11. When the book reviewer discusses the Internet University,A. he is in favour of it.B. his view is balanced.C. he is slightly critical of it.D. he is strongly critical of it.12. Which of the following is NOT seen as a potential danger of the Internet University?A. Internet-based courses may be less costly than traditional ones.B. Teachers in traditional institutions may lose their jobs.C. internet-based courseware may lack variety in course content.D. The Internet University may produce teachers with a lot of publicity.13. According to the review, what is the fundamental mission of traditional university education?A. Knowledge learning and career building.B. Learning how to solve existing social problems.C. Researching into solutions to current world problems.D. Combining research efforts of teachers and students in learning.14. Judging from the Three new roles envisioned for tomorrow’s university faculty, university teachersA, are required to conduct more independent research.B. are required to offer more course to their students……C. are supposed to assume more demanding duties.D. are supposed to supervise more students in their specialty.15. Which category of writing does the review belong to?A. Narration.B. DescriptionC. persuasionD. Exposition.TEXT BEvery street had a story, every building a memory, Those blessed with wonderful childhoods can drive the streets oftheir hometowns and happily roll back the years. The rest are pulled home by duty and leave as soon as possible. After Ray Atlee had been in Clanton (his hometown) for fifteen minutes he was anxious to get out.The town had changed, but then it hadn’t. On the highways leading in, the cheap metal buildings and mobile homes were gathering as tightly as possible next to the roads for maximum visibility. This town had no zoning whatsoever. A landowner could build anything wiih no permit no inspection, no notice to adjoining landowners. nothing. Only hog farms and nuclear reactors required approvals and paperwork. The result was a slash-and-build clutter that got uglier by the year.But in the older sections, nearer the square, the town had not changed at all The long shaded streets were as clean and neat as when Kay roamed them on his bike. Most of the houses were still owned by people he knew, or if those folks had passed on the new owners kept the lawns clipped and the shutters painted. Only a few were being neglected. A handful had been abandoned.This deep in Bible country, it was still an unwritten rule in the town that little was done on Sundays except go to church, sit on porches, visit neighbours, rest and relax the way Godintended.It was cloudy, quite cool for May, and as he toured his old turf, killing time until the appointed hour for the family meeting, he tried to dwell on the good memories from Clanton. There was Dizzy Dean Park where he had played little League for the Pirates, and (here was the public pool he’d swum in every summer except 1969 when the city closed it rather than admit black children. There were the churches - Baptist, Methodist, and Presbyterian - facing each other at the intersection of Second and Elm like wary sentries, their steeples competing for height. They were empty now, hut in an hour or so the more faithful would gather for evening services.The square was as lifeless as the streets leading to it. With eight thousand people, Clanton was just large enough to have attracted the discount stores that had wiped out so many small towns. But here the people had been faithful to their downtown merchants, and there wasn’t s single empty or boarded-up building around the square - no small miracle. The retail shops were mixed in with the banks and law offices and cafes, all closed for the Sabbath.He inched through the cemetery and surveyed the Atlee section in the old part, where the tombstones were grander. Someof his ancestors had built monuments for their dead. Ray had always assumed that the family money he’d never seen must have been buried in those graves. He parked and walked to his mother’s grave, something he hadn’t done in years. She was buried among the Atlees, at the far edge of the family plot because she had barely belonged.Soon, in less than an hour, he would be sitting in his father’s study, sipping bad instant tea and receiving instructions on exactly how his father would be laid to rest. Many orders were about to be give, many decrees and directions, because his father(who used to be a judge) was a great man and cared deeply about how he was to be remembered.Moving again, Ray passed the water tower he’d climbed twice, the second time with the police waiting below. He grimaced at his old high school, a place he’d never visited since he’d left it. Behind it was the football field where his brother Forrest had romped over opponents and almost became famous before getting bounced off the team.It was twenty minutes before five, Sunday, May 7. Time for the family meeting.16. From the first paragraph, we get the impression thatA. Ray cherished his childhood memories.B. Ray had something urgent to take care of.C. Ray may not have a happy childhood.D. Ray cannot remember his childhood days.17. Which of the following adjectives does NOT describe Ray’s hometown?A. Lifeless.B. Religious.C. Traditional.D. Quiet.18. Form the passage we can infer that the relationship between Ray and his parents wasA. close.B. remote.C. tense.D. impossible to tell.19. It can be inferred from the passage that Ray’s father was all EXCEPTA. considerate.B. punctual.C. thrifty.D. dominant.TEXT CCampaigning on the Indian frontier is an experience by itself. Neither the landscape nor the people find their counterparts in any other portion of the globe. Valley walls rise steeply five or six thousand feet on every side. The columns crawl through a maze of giant corridors down which fierce snow-fed torrents foam under skies of brass. Amid these scenes of savage brilliancy there dwells a race whose qualities seem to harmonize with their environment. Except at harvest-time, when self-preservation requires a temporary truce, the Pathan tribes are always engaged in private or public war. Every man is a warrior, a politician and a theologian. Every large house is a real feudal fortress made, it is true, only of sun-baked clay, but with battlements, turrets, loopholes, drawbridges, etc. complete. Every village has its defence. Every family cultivates its vendetta; every clan, its feud. The numerous tribes and combinations of tribes all have their accounts to settle with one another. Nothing is ever forgotten, and very few debts are left unpaid. For the purposes of social life, in addition to the convention about harvest-time, a most elaborate code of honour has been established and is on the whole faithfully observed. A man who knew it and observed it faultlessly might pass unarmed from oneend of the frontier to another. The slightest technical slip would, however, be fatal. The life of the Pathan is thus full of interest; and his valleys, nourished alike by endless sunshine and abundant water, are fertile enough to yield with little labour the modest material requirements of a sparse population.Into this happy world the nineteenth century brought two new facts: the rifle and the British Government. The first was an enormous luxury and blessing; the second, an unmitigated nuisance. The convenience of the rifle was nowhere more appreciated than in the Indian highlands. A weapon which would kill with accuracy at fifteen hundred yards opened a whole new vista of delights to every family or clan which could acquire it. One could actually remain in one’s own house and fire at one’s neighbour nearly a mile away. One could lie in wait on some high crag, and at hitherto unheard-of ranges hit a horseman far below. Even villages could fire at each other without the trouble of going far from home. Fabulous prices were therefore offered for these glorious products of science. Rifle-thieves scoured all India to reinforce the efforts of the honest smuggler. A steady flow of the coveted weapons spread its genial influence throughout the frontier, and the respect which thePathan tribesmen entertained for Christian civilization was vastly enhanced.The action of the British Government on the other hand was entirely unsatisfactory. The great organizing, advancing, absorbing power to the southward seemed to be little better than a monstrous spoil-sport. If the Pathan made forays into the plains, not only were they driven back (which after all was no more than fair), but a whole series of subsequent interferences took place, followed at intervals by expeditions which toiled laboriously through the valleys, scolding the tribesmen and exacting fines for any damage which they had done. No one would have minded these expeditions if they had simply come, had a fight and then gone away again. In many cases this was their practice under what was called the “butcher and bolt policy”to which the Government of India long adhered. But towards the end of the nineteenth century these intruders began to make roads through many of the valleys, and in particular the great road to Chitral. They sought to ensure the safety of these roads by threats, by forts and by subsidies. There was no objection to the last method so far as it went. But the whole of this tendency to road-making was regarded by the Pathans with profound distaste. All along the road people were expected tokeep quiet, not to shoot one another, and above all not to shoot at travellers along the road. It was too much to ask, and a whole series of quarrels took their origin from this source.20. The word debts in “very few debts are left unpaid” in the first paragraph meansA． loans. B． accounts C．killings D．bargains.21. Which of the following is NOT one of the geographical facts about the Indian frontier?A. Melting snows.B. Large population.C. Steep hillsides.D. Fertile valleys.22. According to the passage, the Pathans welcomedA. the introduction of the rifle.B. the spread of British rule.C. the extension of luxuriesD. the spread of trade.23. Building roads by the BritishA. put an end to a whole series of quarrels.B. prevented the Pathans from earning on feuds.C. lessened the subsidies paid to the Pathans.D. gave the Pathans a much quieter life.24. A suitable title for the passage would beA. Campaigning on the Indian frontier.B. Why the Pathans resented the British rule.C. The popularity of rifles among the Pathans.D. The Pathans at war.TEXT D“Museum” is a slippery word. It first meant (in Greek) anything consecrated to the Muses: a hill, a shrine, a garden, a festival or even a textbook. Both Plato’s Academy and Aristotle’s Lyceum had a mouseion, a muses’ shrine. Although the Greeks already collected detached works of art, many temples - notably that of Hera at Olympia (before which the Olympic flame is still lit) - had collections of objects, some of which were works of art by well-known masters, while paintings and sculptures in the Alexandrian Museum were incidental to its main purpose.The Romans also collected and exhibited art from disbanded temples, as well as mineral specimens, exotic plants, animals; and they plundered sculptures and paintings (mostly Greek) for exhibition. Meanwhile, the Greek word had slipped into Latin by transliteration (though not to signify picture galleries, which were called pinacothecae) and museum still more or less meant “Muses’ shrine”.The inspirational collections of precious and semi-preciousobjects were kept in larger churches and monasteries - which focused on the gold-enshrined, bejewelled relics of saints and martyrs. Princes, and later merchants, had similar collections, which became the deposits of natural curiosities: large lumps of amber or coral, irregular pearls, unicorn horns, ostrich eggs, fossil bones and so on. They also included coins and gems - often antique engraved ones - as well as, increasingly, paintings and sculptures. As they multiplied and expanded, to supplement them, the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined.At the same time, visitors could admire the very grandest paintings and sculptures in the churches, palaces and castles; they were not “collected” either, but “site-specific”, and were considered an integral part both of the fabric of the buildings and of the way of life which went on inside them - and most of the buildings were public ones. However, during the revival of antiquity in the fifteenth century, fragments of antique sculpture were given higher status than the work of any contemporary, so that displays of antiquities would inspire artists to imitation, or even better, to emulation; and so could be considered Muses’ shrines in the former sense. The Medici garden near San Marco in Florence, the Belvedere and the Capitolin Rome were the most famous of such early “inspirational”collections. Soon they multiplied, and, gradually, exemplary “modern” works wereIn the seventeenth century, scientific and prestige collecting became so widespread that three or four collectors independently published directories to museums all over the known world. But it was the age of revolutions and industry which produced the next sharp shift in the way the institution was perceived: the fury against royal and church monuments prompted antiquarians to shelter them in asylum-galleries, of which the Musee des Monuments Francais was the most famous. Then, in the first half of the nineteenth century, museum funding took off, allied to the rise of new wealth: London acquired the National Gallery and the British Museum, the Louvre was organized, the Museum-Insel was begun in Berlin, and the Munich galleries were built. In Vienna, the huge Kunsthistorisches and Naturhistorisches Museums took over much of the imperial treasure. Meanwhile, the decline of craftsmanship (and of public taste with it) inspired the creation of “improving”collections. The Victoria and Albert Museum in London was the most famous, as well as perhaps the largest of them.25.The sentence “Museum is a slippery word” in the firstparagraph means thatA. the meaning of the word didn’t change until after the 15th century.B. the meaning of the word had changed over the years.C. the Greeks held different concepts from the Romans.D. princes and merchants added paintings to their collections.26.The idea that museum could mean a mountain or an object originates fromA. the Romans.B. Florence.C. Olympia.D. Greek.27. “……the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined” in the third paragraph means thatA. there was a great demand for fakers.B. fakers grew rapidly in number.C. fakers became more skillful.D. fakers became more polite.28. Painting and sculptures on display in churches in the 15th century wereA. collected from elsewhere.B. made part of the buildings.C. donated by people.D. bought by churches.29. Modern museums came into existence in order toA. protect royal and church treasures.B. improve existing collections.C. stimulate public interest.D. raise more funds.30. Which is the main idea of the passage?A. Collection and collectors.B. The evolution of museums.C. Modern museums and their functions.D. The birth of museums.11-15 BAACD 16-20 CDBAC 21-25BABAB 26-30 DCBABPART III. 人文知识There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section.Choose the best answers to each question.Mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.31.The Presidents during the American Civil War wasA. Andrew JacksonB. Abraham LincolnC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington32.The capital of New Zealand isA.ChristchurchB.AucklandC.WellingtonD.Hamilton33.Who were the natives of Austrilia before the arrival of the British settlers?A.The AboriginesB.The MaoriC.The IndiansD.The Eskimos34.The Prime Minister in Britain is head ofA.the Shadow CabinetB.the ParliamentC.the OppositionD.the Cabinet35.Which of the following writers is a poet of the 20th century?A.T.S.EliotwrenceC.Theodore DreiserD.James Joyce36.The novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is written byA.Scott FitzgeraldB.William FaulknerC.Eugene O’NeilD.Ernest Hemingway37._____ is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen linesA.Free verseB.SonnetC.OdeD.Epigram38.What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is the notion ofA.referenceB.meaningC.antonymyD.context39.The words”kid,child,offspring” are examples ofA.dialectal synonymsB.stylistic synonymsC.emotive synonymsD.collocational synonyms40.The distinction between parole and langue was made byA.HalliayB.ChomskyC.BloomfieldD.Saussure参考答案: 31-35BCADA 36-40 DBDBDPART IV 改错参考答案1. agreeing-agreed2. in which 可有可无3. in his disposal- at his disposal4.enables-enable5.the other English speakers-other English speakers6.old-older7.seen-understood8.take it for granted- take for granted9.or-and10. the most striking of human achievementsV. 汉译英及参考译文中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。
2019年专业英语八级考试真题
2019年专业英语八级考试真题PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now, listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear TWO interviews. At the end of each interview, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interviews and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWERSHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.Now, listen to the first interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the first interview.1. A. Environmental issues.B.Endangered species.C.Global warming.D.Conservation.2. A. It is thoroughly proved.B. it is definitely very serious.C. It is just a temporary variation.D. It is changing our ways of living.3. A. Protection of endangered animals* habitats.B. Negative human impact on the environment.C. Frequent abnormal phenomena on the earth.D. The woman’s indifferent attitude to the earth.4. A. Nature should take its course.B. People take things for granted.C. Humans are damaging the earth.D. Animals should stay away from zoos.5. A. Objective.B. Pessimistic.C. Skeptical.D. Subjective.Now, listen to the second interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on the second interview.6.A. Teachers’ resistance to change.B. Students’ inadequate ability to read.C. Teachers’ misunderstanding of such literacy.D. Students ’ indifference to the new method.7.A. Abilities to complete challenging tasks.B.Abilities to learn subject matter knowledge.C.Abilities to perform better in schoolwork.D.Abilities to perform disciplinary work.8.A. Recalling specific information.B. Understanding particular details.C. Examining sources of information.D. Retelling a historical event.9. A. Engaging literacy and disciplinary experts in the program.B. Helping teachers understand what disciplinary literacy is.C. Teaching disciplinary discourse practices by literacy teachers.D. Designing learning strategies with experts from both sides.10. A. To argue for a case.B. To discuss a dispute.C. To explain a problem.D. To present details.PART II READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1)When it came to concealing his troubles, Tommy Wilhelm was not less capable than die next fellow. So at least he thought, and there was a certain amount of evidence to back him up. He had once been an actor^ no, not quite, an extra — and he knew what acting should be. Also, he was smokinga cigar, and when a man is smoking a cigar, wearing a hat, he has an advantage; it is harder to find out how he feels. He came from the twenty-third floor down to the lobby on the mezzanine to collect his mail before breakfast, and he believed^ he hoped — that he looked passably well: doing all right. It was a matter of sheer hope, because there was not much that he could add to his present effort. On the fourteenth floor he looked for his father to enter the elevator; they often met at this hour, on the way to breakfast. If he worried about his appearance it was mainly for his old father’s sake. But there was no stop on the fourteenth, and the elevator sank and sank. Then the smooth door opened and the great dark-red uneven carpet that covered the lobby billowed toward Wilhelm’s feet. In the foreground the lobby was dark, sleepy. French drapes like sails kept out the sun, but three high, narrow windows were open, and in the blue air Wilhelm saw a pigeon about to light on the great chain that supported the marquee of the movie house directly underneath the lobby. For one moment he heard the wings beating strongly.(2)Most of the guests at the Hotel Gloriana were past the age of retirement. Along Broadway in the Seventies, Eighties, and Nineties, a great part of New York’s vast population of old men and women lives. Unless the weather is too cold or wet they fill the benches about the tiny railed parks and along the subway gratings from Verdi Square to Columbia University, they crowd the shops and cafeterias, the dime stores, the tearooms, the bakeries, the beauty parlors, the reading rooms and club rooms. Among these old people at the Gloriana, Wilhelm felt out ofplace. He was comparatively young, in his middle forties, large and blond, with big shoulders; his back was heavy and strong, if already a little stooped or thickened. After breakfast the old guests sat down on the green leather armchairs and sofas in the lobby and began to gossip and look into the.papers; they had nothing to do but wait out the day. But Wilhelm was used to an active life and liked to go out energetically in the morning. And for several months, because he had no position, he had kept up his morale by rising early; he was shaved and in the lobby by eight o'clock. He bought the paper and some cigars and drank a Coca-Cola or two before he went in tobreakfast with his father. After breakfast 一 out, out, out to attend to business. The getting out had in itselfbecome the chief business. But he had realized that he could not keep this up much longer, and today he was afraid. He was aware that his routine was about to break up and he sensed that a huge trouble long presaged (预感)but till now formless was due. Before evening, he'd know.(3)Nevertheless he followed his daily course and crossed the lobby.(4)Rubin, the man at the newsstand, had poor eyes. They may not have been actually weak but they were poor in expression, with lacy lids that furled down at the comers. He dressed well. It didn't seem necessary 一 he was behind the counter most of the time — but he dressed very well. He had on a rich brown suit; the cuffs embarrassed the hairs on his small hands. He wore a Countess Mara painted necktie. As Wilhelm approached, Rubin did not see him; he was looking out dreamily at the Hotel Ansonia, which was visible from his comer, several blocks away. The Ansonia, the neighborhood^ great landmark, was built by Stanford White. It looks like a baroque palace from Prague or Munich enlarged a hundred times, with towers, domes, huge swells and bubbles of metal gone green from exposure, iron fretwork and festoons. Black television antennae are densely planted on its round summits. Under the changes of weather it may look like marble or like sea water, black as slate in the fog, white as tufa in sunlight. This morning it looked like the imageof itself reflected in deep water, white and cumulous above, with cavernous distortions underneath. Together, the two men gazed at it.(5)Then Rubin .said，“Your dad is in to breakfast already, the old gentleman.”“Oh，yes? Ahead of me today?”‘nat’s a real knocked-out shirt you got on，’’ said Rubin. “Where’s it from，Saks?”“No, it’s a Jack Fagman — Chicago.”(6)Even when his spirits were low, Wilhelm could still wrinkle his forehead in a pleasing way. Some of the slow，silent movements of his face were very attractive. He went back a step, as if to stand away from himself and get a better look at his shirt. His glance was comic, a comment upon his untidiness. He liked to wear good clothes, but once he had put it on each article appeared to go its own way. Wilhelm, laughing，panted a little; his teeth were small; his cheeks when he laughed and puffed grew round, and he looked much younger than his years. In the old days when he was a college freshman and wore a beanie (无檐小帽）on his large blonde head his father used to say that，big as he was，he could charm a bird out of a tree. Wilhelm had great charm still.(7)“I like this dove-gray color,” he said in his sociable，good-natured way. “It isn’t washable. Youhave to send it to the cleaner. It never smells as good as washed. But it，s a nice shirt. It cost sixteen, eighteen bucks.*'11.Wilhelm hoped he looked all right on his way to the lobby because he wanted to _ .A.leave a good impressionB.give his father a surpriseC.show his acting potentialD.disguise his low spirit12.Wilhelm had something in common with the old guests in that they all .A.lived a luxurious lifeB.liked to swap gossipsC.idled their time awayD.liked to get up early13.How did Wilhelm feel when he was crossing the lobby (Para. 2)?A.He felt something ominous was coming.B.He was worried that his father was late.C.He was feeling at ease among the old.D.He was excited about a possible job offer.14.Which part of Rubin’s clothes made him look particularly awkward (Para. 4)?A.The necktie.B.The cuffs.C.The suit.D.The shirt.15.What can we learn from the author’s description of Wilhelm’s clothes?A.His shirt made him look better.B.He cared much about his clothes.C.He looked like a comedian in his shirt.D.The clothes he wore never quite matched.PASSAGE TWO(1)By the 1840s New York was the leading commercial city of the United States. It had long since outpaced Philadelphia as the largest city in the country, and even though Boston continued to be venerated as the cultural capital of the nation, its image had become somewhat languid; it had not kept up with the implications of the newly industrialized economy, of a diversified ethnic population, or of the rapidly rising middle class. New York was the place where the “new” America was coming into being, so it is hardly surprising that the modem newspaper had its birth there.(2)The penny paper had found its first success in New York. By the mid-1830s Ben Day s Sun was drawing readers from all walks of life. On the other hand, the Sun was a scanty sheet providing little more than minor diversions; few today would call it a newspaper at all. Day himself was an editor of limited vision, and he did not possess the ability or the imagination to climb the slopes to loftier heights. If real newspapers were to emerge from the public's demand for more and better coverage, it would have to come from a youthful generation of editors for whom journalism was a totally absorbing profession, an exacting vocational ideal rather than a mere offshoot of job printing.(3)By the 1840s two giants burst into the field, editors who would revolutionize journalism, would bring the newspaper into the modem age, and show how it could be influential in the national life. These two giants, neither of whom has been treated kindly by history, were James Gordon Bennett and Horace Greeley. Bennett founded his New York Herald in 1835, less than two years after the appearance of the Sun. Horace Greeley founded his Tribune in 1841. Bennett and Greeley were the most innovative editors in New York until after the Civil War. Their newspapers were the leading American papers of the day, although for completely different reasons. The two men despised each other, although not in the ways that newspaper editors had despised one another a few years before. Neither was a political hack bonded to a political party. Greeley fancied himself a public intellectual. He had strong political views, and he wanted to run for office himself, but party factotum he could never be; he bristled with ideals and causes of his own devising. Officially he was a Whig (and later a Republican), but he seldom gave comfort to his chosen party. Bennett, on the other hand, had long since cut his political ties, and although his paper covered local and national politics fully and he went after politicians with hammer and tongs, Bennett was a cynic, a distruster of all settled values. He did not regard himself as an intellectual, although in fact he was better educated than Greeley. He thought himself only a hard-boiled newspaperman. Greeley was interested in ideas and in what was happening to the country. Bennett was only interested in his newspaper. He wanted to find out what the news was, what people wanted to read. And when he found out he gave it to them.(4)As different as Bennett and Greeley were from each other they were also curiously alike. Both stood outside the circle of polite society, even when they became prosperous, and in Bennett’s case, wealthy. Both were incurable eccentrics. Neither was a gentleman. Neither conjured upthe picture of a successful editor. Greeley was unkempt, always looking like an unmade bed. Even when he was nationally famous in the 1850s he resembled a clerk in a third-rate brokerage house, with slips of paper — marked-up proofs perhaps — hanging out of his pockets or stuck in his hat. He became fat, was always nearsighted, always peering over spectacles. He spoke in a high-pitched whine Not a few people suggested that he looked exactly like the illustrations of Charles Dickens’s Mr. Pickwick. Greeley provided a humorous description of himself, written under the pretense that it had been the work of his long-time adversary James Fenimore Cooper. The editor was, according to the description, a half-bald, long-legged, slouching individual “so rocking in gait that he walks down both sides of the street at once.”(5)The appearance of Bennett was somewhat different but hardly more reassuring. A shrewd, wiry Scotsman, who seemed to repel intimacy, Bennett looked around at the world with a squinty glare of suspicion. His eyes did not focus right. They seemed to fix themselves on nothing and everything at the same time. He was as solitary as an oyster, the classic loner. He seldom made close friendships and few people trusted him, although nobody who had dealings with him, however brief, doubted his abilities. He, too, could have come out of a book of Dickensian eccentrics, although perhaps Ebenezer Scrooge or Thomas Gradgrind comes to mind rather than the kindly old Mr. Pickwick. Greeley was laughed at but admired; Bennett was seldom laughed at but never admired; on the other hand, he had a hard professional competence and an encyclopedic knowledge of his adopted country, an in-depth learning uncorrupted by vague idealisms. All of this perfectly suited him for the journalism of this confusing age.(6)Both Greeley and Bennett had served long, humiliating and disappointing apprenticeships in the newspaper business. They took a long time getting to the top, the only reward for the long years of waiting being that when they had their own newspapers, both knew what they wanted and firmly set about getting it. When Greeley founded the Tribune in 1841 he had the strong support of the Whig party and had already had a short period of modest success as an editor. Bennett, older by sixteen years, found solid commercial success first, but he had no one behind him except himself when he started up the Herald in 1835 in a dingy cellar room at 20 Wall Street. Fortunately this turned out to be quite enough.16.Which of the following is NOT the author’s opinion on Ben Day and his Sun (Para. 2)7A.Sun had once been a popular newspaper.B.Sun failed to be a high-quality newspaper.C.Ben Day lacked innovation and imagination.D.Ben Day had striven for better coverage.17.Which of the following statements is CORRECT about Greeley’s or Bennett’s political stance (Para. 3)7A.Greeley and Bennett were both strong supporters of their party.B.Greeley, as a Whig member, believed in his party’s ideals.C.Bennett, as an independent, loathed established values.D.Greeley and Bennett possessed different political values.18.Which of the following figures of speech was used to describe Greeley’s manner of walking(Para. 4)?A.Exaggeration.B.Paradox.C.Analogy.D.Personification.19.In Para. 5 Bennett was depicted as a man whoA.had stronger capabilities than GreeleyB.possessed a great aptitude for journalismC.was in pursuit of idealism in journalismD.was knowledgeable about his home country20.How was Greeley different from Bennett according to Para. 6?A.He had achieved business success first.B.He started his career earlier than Bennett.C.He got initial support from a political party.D.He had a more humiliating apprenticeship.PASSAGE THREE(1)Why make a film about Ned Kelly? More ingenious crimes than those committed by the reckless Australian bandit are reported every day. What is there in Ned Kelly to justify dragging the mesmeric Mick Jagger so far into the Australian bush and away from his natural haunts? The answer is that the film makers know we always fall for a bandit, and Jagger is set to do for bold Ned Kelly what Brando once did for the arrogant Emiliano Zapata.(2) A bandit inhabits a special realm of legend where his deeds are embroidered by others; where his death rather than his life is considered beyond belief; where the men who bring him to “justice”are afflicted with doubts about their role.(3)The bandits had a role to play as definite as that of the authorities who condemned them. These were men in conflict with authority, and, in the absence of strong law or the idea of loyal opposition, they took to the hills. Even there, however, many of them obeyed certain unwritten rules(4)These robbers, who claimed to be something more than mere thieves, had in common, firstly,a sense of loyalty and identity with the peasants they came from. They didn't steal the peasant’s harvest; they did steal the lord’s.(5)And certain characteristics seem to apply to “social bandits’’ whether they were in Sicily or Peru. They were generally young men under the age of marriage, predictably the best age for dissidence. Some were simply the surplus male population who had to look for another source of income; others were runaway serfs or ex-soldiers; a minority, though the most interesting, were outstanding men who were unwilling to accept the meek and passive role of peasant.(6)They usually operated in bands between ten and twenty strong and relied for survival on difficult terrain and bad transport. And bandits prospered best where authority was merely local — over the next hill and they were free. Unlike the general run of peasantry they had a tastefor flamboyant dress and gesture; but they usually shared the peasants’ religious beliefs and superstitions.(7)The first sign of a man caught up in the Robin Hood syndrome was when he started out, forced into outlawry as a victim of injustice; and when he then set out to “right wrongs”, first his own and then other people’s. The classic bandit then “takes from the rich and gives to the poor”in conformity with his own sense of social injustice; he never kills except in self-defense or justifiable revenge; he stays within his community and even returns to it if he can to take up an honorable place; his people admire and help to protect him; he dies through the treason of one of them; he behaves as if invisible and invulnerable; he is a “loyalist”, never the enemy of the king but only of the local oppressors.(8)None of die bandits lived up fully to this image of the “noble robber” and for many the claim of larger motives was often a delusion.(9)Yet amazingly, many of these violent men did behave at least half the time in accordance with this idealist pattern. Pancho Villa in Mexico and Salvatore Giuliano in Italy began their careers harshly victimized. Many of their charitable acts later became legends.(10)Far from being defeated in death, bandits’reputation for invincibility was often strengthened by the manner of their dying. The “dirty little coward” who shot Jesse James in the back is in every ballad about him, and the implication is that nothing else could have brought Jesse down. Even when the police claimed the credit, as they tried to do at first with Giuliano’s death, the local people refused to believe it. And not just the bandit’s vitality prompts the people to refuse to believe that their hero has died; his death would be in some way the death of hope.(11)For the traditional ‘‘noble robber” represents an extremely primitive form of social protest, perhaps the most primitive there is. He is an Individual who refuses to bend his back, that is all. Most protesters will eventually be bought over and persuaded to come to terms with the official power. That is why the few who do not, or who are believed to have remained uncontaminated, have so great and passionate a burden of admiration and longing laid upon them. They cannot abolish oppression. But they do prove that justice is possible, that poor men need not be humble, helpless and meek.(12)The bandit in the real world is rooted in peasant society and when its simple agricultural system is left behind so is he. But the tales and legends, the books and films continue to appear for an audience that is neither peasant nor bandit. In some ways the characters and deeds of the great bandits could so readily be the stuff of grand opera - Don Jose in “Carmen” is based on the Andalusian bandit El Empranillo. But they are perhaps more at home in folk songs, in popular tales and the ritual dramas of films. When we sit in the darkness of the cinema to watch the bold deeds of Ned Kelly we are caught up in admiration for their strong individuality, their simple gesture of protest, their passion for justice and their confidence that they cannot be beaten. This sustains us nearly as much as it did the almost hopeless people from whom they sprang.21.Which of the following words is NOT intended to suggest approval of bandits?A.Bold (Para. 1).B.Claimed (Para. 4).C.Legend (Para. 2).D.Loyalty (Para. 4).22. Of the following reasons which is the LEAST likely one for becoming bandits?A.They liked theatrical clothes and behavior.B.They wanted to help the poor country folk.C.They were unwilling to accept injustice.D.They had very few careers open to them.23. ....began their careers harshly victimized” (Para. 9) means that they .A.had received excessive ill-treatmentB.were severely punished for their crimesC.took to violence through a sense of injusticeD.were misunderstood by their parents and friends24. What has made bandits suitable as film heroes is that they .A.are sure they are invincibleB.possess a theatrical qualityC.retain the virtues of a peasant societyD.protest against injustice and inequalitySECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer each question in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO. PASSAGE ONE25.In and there was a certain amount of evidence to back him up (Para. 1)”, what does “evidence”refer to?26.What is Wilhelm’s characteristic that has never changed all those years according to Para. 6?PASSAGE TWO27.Summarize in your own words the meaning of the italicized part in the last sentence of Para.2.28.What does but he seldom gave comfort to his chosen party” mean according to the context (Para.3)?29.What is the similarity between Bennett and Greeley according to Paras. 4 and 5? PASSAGE THREE30.Write down TWO features of the idealist pattern. (Para 9)31.What does “hope” mean according to the context? (Para 10)32.What does “He is an individual who refuses to bend his back” mean? (Para 11)PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThe passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:PART IV TRANSLATIONTranslate the following text from Chinese into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.白洋淀曾有 " 北国江南 " 的说法，但村舍的形制自具特色，与江南截然不同。
2019年专八真题完整版(包含MINI-LECTURE)word资料31页
TEM8-2012TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2012)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT: 195 MINPART I LISTENING COMPREttENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE, using no more than three words in each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes while completing the task. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. Now, listen to the mini-lecture.ObservationPeople do observation in daily life context for safety or for proper behaviour. However, there are differences in daily life observation and research observation.A.Differences---- daily life observation--casual--(1) ________--defendence on memory---- research observation-- (2) _________-- careful record keepingB. Ways to select samples in research---- time sampling-- systematic: e.g. fixed intervals every hour-- random: fixed intervals but (3) _______Systematic sampling and random sampling are often used in combination.---- (4) _______-- definition: selection of different locations-- reason: human s’or animals’behaviour (5) ______ across circumstances-- (6) ______: more objective observationsC. Ways to record behaviour (7) _______---- observation with intervention-- participant observation: researcher as observer and participant-- field experiment: research (8) ______ over conditions---- observation without intervention-- purpose: describing behaviour (9) ______-- (10) ______ : no intervention-- researcher: a passive recorderSECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer thequestions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10seconds to answer each of the foliowing five questions. Now listen to the interview.1. Which of the following statements about creativity is INCORRECT?A. Creativity stems from human beings' novel thinking.B. The duration of the creative process varies from person to person.C. Creative people focus on novel thinking rather than on solutions.D. The outcome of human creativity comes in varied forms.2. The interviewee cites the Bach family to show that creativityA. appears to be the result of the environment.B. seems to be attributable to genetic makeup.C. appears to be more associated with great people.D. comes from both environment and genetic makeup.3. How many types of the creative process does the interviewee describe?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.4. Which of the following features of a creative personality is NOT mentioned in the interview?A. Unconventional.B. Original.C. Resolute.D. Critical.5. The interviewee's suggestion for a creativity workout supports the view thatA. brain exercising will not make people creative.B. most people have diversified interests and hobbies.C. the environment is significant in the creative process.D. creativity can only be found in great people.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.6. What is the news item mainly about?A. U.S. astronauts made three space walks.B. An international space station was set up.C. A problem in the cooling system was solved.D. A 350-kilogram ammonia pump was removed.Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.7. In which country would parents often threaten to punish children by leaving them outside?A. India.B. The Philippines.C. Egypt.D. Not mentioned.8. What is the main purpose of the study?A. To reveal cultural differences and similarities.B. To expose cases of child abuse and punishment.C. To analyze child behaviour across countries.D. To investigate ways of physical punishment.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.9. According to the news item, Japan's economic growth in the secondquarter was ____ less than the first quarter.A. 0.6 percentB. 3.4 percentC. 4 percentD. 3 percent10. How many reasons does the news item cite for Japan's slow economic growth?A. 2.B. 3.C. 4.D. 5.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.TEXT AI used to look at my closet and see clothes. These days, whenever I cast my eyes upon the stacks of shoes and hangers of shirts, sweaters and jackets, I see water.It takes 569 gallons to manufacture a T-shirt, from its start in the cotton fields to its appearance on store shelves. A pair of running shoes? 1,247 gallons.Until last fall, I'd been oblivious to my "water footprint", which is defined as the total volume of freshwater that is used to produce goods and services, according to the Water Footprint Network. The Dutch nonprofit has been working to raise awareness of freshwater scarcity since 2008, but it was through the "Green BlueBook" by Thomas M. Kostigen that I was able to see how my own actions factored in.I've installed gray-water systems to reuse the wastewater from my laundry, machine and bathtub and reroute it to my landscape - systems that save, on average, 50 gallons of water per day. I've set up rain barrels and infiltration pits to collect thousands of gallons of storm water cascading from my roof. I've even entered the last bastion of greendom -installing a composting toilet.Suffice to say, I've been feeling pretty satisfied with myself for all the drinking water I've saved with these big-ticket projects.Now I realize that my daily consumption choices could have an even larger effect –not only on the local water supply but also globally: 1.1 billion people have no access to freshwater, and, in the future, those who do have access will have less of it.To see how much virtual water 1 was using, I logged on to the "Green Blue Book" website and used its water footprint calculator, entering my daily consumption habits. Tallying up the water footprint of my breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks, as well as my daily dose of over-the-counter uppers and downers - coffee, wine and beer- I'm using 512 gallons of virtual water each day just to feed myself.In a word: alarming.Even more alarming was how much hidden water I was using to get dressed. I'm hardly a clotheshorse, but the few new items I buy once again trumped the amount of water flowing from my faucets each day. If I'm serious about saving water, I realized I could make some simple lifestyle shifts. Looking more closely at the areas in my life that use the most virtual water, it was food and clothes, specifically meat, coffee and, oddly, blue jeans and leather jackets.Being a motorcyclist, I own an unusually large amount of leather - boots and jackets in particular. All of it is enormously water intensive. It takes 7,996 gallons to make a leather.jacket, leather being a byproduct of beef. It takes 2,866 gallons of water to make a single pair of blue jeans, because they're made from water-hogging cotton.Crunching the numbers for the amount of clothes I buy every year, it looks a lot like my friend's swimming pool. My entire closet is borderline Olympic.Gulp.My late resolution is to buy some items used. Underwear and socks are, of course, exempt from this strategy, but 1 have no problem shopping less and also shopping at Goodwill. In fact, I'd been doingthat for the past year to save money. My clothes' outrageous water footprint just reintbrced it for me.More conscious living and substitution, rather than sacrifice, are the prevailing ideas with the water footprint. It's one I'm trying, and that's had an unusual upside. I had a hamburger recently, and I enjoyed it a lot more since it is now an occasional treat rather than a weekly habit.(One gallon =3.8 litres)11. According to the passage, the Water Footprint NetworkA. made the author aware of freshwater shortage.B. helped the author get to know the Green Blue Book.C. worked for freshwater conservation for nonprofit purposes.D. collaborated with the Green Blue Book in freshwater conservation.12. Which of the following reasons can best explain the author's feeling of self-satisfaction?A. He made contribution to drinking water conservation in his own way.B. Money spent on upgrading his household facilities was worthwhile.C. His house was equipped with advanced water-saving facilities.D. He could have made even greater contribution by changing hislifestyle.13. According to the context, "...how mv own actions factored in" meansA. how I could contribute to water conservation.B. what efforts I should make to save fresh water.C. what behaviour could be counted as freshwater-saving.D. how much of what I did contributed to freshwater shortage.14. According to the passage, the author was more alarmed by the fact thatA. he was having more meat and coffee.B. his clothes used even more virtual water.C. globally there will be less fresh water.D. his lifestyle was too extravagant.15. "My entire closet is borderline Olympic" is an example ofA. exaggeration.B. analogy.C. understatement.D. euphemism.16. What is the tone of the author in the last paragraph'?A. Sarcastic.B. Ironic.C. Critical.D. Humorous.TEXT BIn her novel of "Reunion, American Style", Rona Jaffe suggests that a class reunion "is more than a sentimental journey. It is also a way of answering the question that lies at the back of nearly allour minds. Did they do better than I?"Jaffe's observation may be misplaced but not completely lost. According to a study conducted by social psychologist Jack Sparacino, the overwhelming majority who attend reunions aren't there invidiously to compare their recent accomplishments with those of their former classmates. Instead, they hope, primarily, to relive their earlier successes.Certainly, a few return to show their former classmates how well they have done; others enjoy observing the changes that have occurred in their classmates (not always in themselves, of course). But the majority who attend their class reunions do so to relive the good times they remember having when they were younger. In his study, Sparacino found that, as high school students, attendees had been more popular, more often regarded as attractive, and more involved in extracurricular activities than those classmates who chose not to attend. For those who turned up at their reunions, then, the old times were also the good times!It would appear that Americans have a special fondness for reunions, judging by their prevalence. Major league baseball players, fraternity members, veterans groups, high school and college graduates, and former Boy Scouts all hold reunions on a regular basis. In addition, family reunions frequently attractblood relatives from faraway places who spend considerable money and time to reunite.Actually, in their affection for reuniting with friends, family or colleagues, Americans are probably no different from any other people, except that Americans have created a mind-boggling number and variety of institutionalized forms of gatherings to facilitate the satisfaction of this desire. Indeed, reunions have increasingly become formal events that are organized on a regular basis and, in the process, they have also become big business.Shell Norris of Class Reunion, Inc., says that Chicago alone has 1,500 high school reunions each year. A conservative estimate on the national level would be 10,000 annually. At one time, all high school reunions were organized by volunteers, usually female homemakers. In the last few years, however, as more and more women have entered the labour force, alumni reunions are increasingly being planned by specialized companies rather than by part-time volunteers.The first college reunion was held by the alumni of Yale University in 1792. Graduates of Pennsylvania, Princeton, Stanford, and Brown followed suit. And by the end of the 19th century, most 4-year institutions were holding alumni reunions.The variety of college reunions is impressive. At Princeton,alumni parade through the town wearing their class uniforms and singing their alma mater. At Marietta College, they gather for a dinner-dance on a steamship cruising the Ohio River.Clearly, the thought of cruising on a steamship or marching through the streets is usually not, by itself, sufficient reason for large numbers of alumni to return to campus. Alumni who decide to attend their reunions share a common identity based on the years they spent together as undergraduates. For this reason, universities that somehow establish a common bond – for example, because they are relatively small or especially prestigious - tend to draw substantial numbers of their alumni to reunions. In an effort to enhance this common identity, larger colleges and universities frequently build their class reunions on participation in smaller units, such as departments or schools. Or they encourage "affinity reunions" for groups of former cheerleaders, editors, fraternity members, musicians, members of military organizations on campus, and the like.Of course, not every alumnus is fond of his or her alma mater. Students who graduated during the late 1960s may be especially reluctant to get involved in alumni events. They were part of the generation that conducted sit-ins and teach-ins directed at university administrators, protested military recruitment oncampus and marched against "establishment politics." If this generation has a common identity, it may fall outside of their university ties - or even be hostile to them. Even as they enter their middle years, alumni who continue to hold unpleasant memories of college during this period may not wish to attend class reunions.17. According to the passage, Sparacino's studyA. provided strong evidence for Jaffe's statement.B. showed that attendees tended to excel in high school study.C. found that interest in reunions was linked with school experience.D. found evidence for attendees' intense desire for showing off success.18. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a distinct feature of U.S. class reunions?A. U.S. class reunions are usually occasions to show off one's recent success.B. Reunions are regular and formal events organized by professional agencies.C. Class reunions have become a profitable business.D. Class reunions have brought about a variety of activities.19. What mainly attracts many people to return to campus for reunion?A. The variety of activities for class reunion.B. The special status their university enjoys.C. Shared experience beyond the campus.D. Shared undergraduate experience on campus.20. The rhetorical function of the first paragraph is toA. introduce Rona Jeffe's novel.B. present the author's counterargument.C. serve as prelude to the author's argument.D. bring into focus contrasting opinions.21. What is the passage mainly about?A. Reasons for popularity and (non)attendance for alumni reunions.B. A historical perspective for alumni reunions in the United States.C. Alumni reunions and American university traditions.D. Alumni reunion and its social and economic implications. TEXT COne time while on his walk George met Mr. Cattanzara coming home very late from work. He wondered if he was drunk but then could tell he wasn't. Mr. Cattanzara, a stocky, bald-headed man who worked in a change booth on an IRT station, lived on the next block after George's, above a shoe repair store. Nights, during the hot weather, he sat on his stoop in an undershirt, reading the New York Times in the light of the shoemaker's window. He read it from the firstpage to the last, then went up to sleep. And all the time he was reading the paper, his wife, a fat woman with a white face, leaned out of the window, gazing into the street, her thick white arms folded under her loose breast, on the window ledge.Once in a while Mr. Cattanzara came home drunk, but it was a quiet drunk. He never made any trouble, only walked stiffly up the street and slowly climbed the stairs into the hall. Though drunk he looked the same as always, except for his tight walk, the quietness, and that his eyes were wet. George liked Mr. Cattanzara because he remembered him giving him nickels to buy lemon ice with when he was a squirt. Mr. Cattanzara was a different type than those in the neighbourhood. He asked different questions than the others when he met you, and he seemed to know what went on in all the newspapers. He read them, as his fat sick wife watched from the window."What are you doing with yourself this summer, George?" Mr. Cattanzara asked. "l see you walkin' around at night."George felt embarrassed. "I like to walk.""What are you doin' in the day now?""Nothing much just now. I'm waiting for a job." Since it shamed him to admit that he wasn't working, George said, "I'm reading a lot to pick up my education.""What are you readin'?"George hesitated, then said, "I got a list of books in the library once and now I'm gonna read them this summer." He felt strange and a little unhappy saying this, but he wanted Mr. Cattanzara to respect him."How many books are there on it?""I never counted them. Maybe around a hundred."Mr. Cattanzara whistled through his teeth."I figure if l did that," George went on earnestly, "it would help me in my education. 1 don't mean the kind they give you in high school. I want to know different things than they learn there, if you know what I mean."The change maker nodded. "Still and all, one hundred books is a pretty big load for onesummer.""It might take longer.""After you're finished with some, maybe you and I can shoot the breeze about them?" said Mr. Cattanzara."When I'm finished," George answered.Mr. Cattanzara went home and George continued on his walk. After that, though he had the urge to, George did nothing different from usual. He still took his walks at night, ending up in the littlepark. But one evening the shoemaker on the next block stopped George to say he was a good boy, and George figured that Mr. Cattanzara had told him all about the books he was reading. From the shoemaker it must have gone down the street, because George saw a couple of people smiling kindly at him, though nobody spoke to him personally. He felt a little better around the neighbourhood and liked it more, though not so much he would want to live in it forever. He had never exactly disliked the people in it, yet he had never liked them very much either. It was the fault of the neighbourhood. To his surprise, George found out that his father and his sister Sophie knew about his reading too. His father was too shy to say anything about it - he was never much of a talker in his whole life -- but Sophie was softer to George, and she showed him in other ways she was proud of him.22. In the excerpt, Mr. Cattanzara was described as a man whoA. was fond of drinking.B. showed a wide interest.C. often worked overtime.D. liked to gossip after work.23. It can be inferred from the passage thatA. Mr. Cattanzara was surprised at George's reading plan.B. Mr. Cannazara was doubtful about George throughout.C. George was forced to tell a lie and then regretted.D. George lied at the beginning and then became serious.24. After the street conversation with Mr. Cattanzara, GeorgeA. remained the same as usual.B. became more friendly with Mr. Cattanzara.C. began to like his neighbours more than ever.D. continued to read the books from the list.25. We can tell from the excerpt that GeorgeA. had a neither close nor distant relationship with his father.B. was dissatisfied with his life and surroundings.C. found that his sister remained skeptical about him.D. found his neighbours liked to poke their nose into him.TEXT DAbraham Lincoln turns 200 this year, and he's beginning to show his age. When his birthday arrives, on February 12, Congress will hold a special joint session in the Capitol's National Statuary Hall, a wreath will be laid at the great memorial in Washington, and a webcast will link school classrooms for a "teach-in" honouring his memory.Admirable as they are, though, the events will strike many of us Lincoln fans as inadequate, even halfhearted -- and another sign that our appreciation for the 16th president and his towering achievements is slipping away. And you don't have to be a Lincoln enthusiast to believe that this is something we can't afford to lose.Compare this year's celebration with the Lincoln centennial, in 1909. That year, Lincoln's likeness made its debut on the penny, thanks to approval from the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury. Communities and civic associations in every comer of the country erupted in parades, concerts, balls, lectures, and military displays. We still feel the effects today: The momentum unloosed in 1909 led to the Lincoln Memorial, opened in 1922, and the Lincoln Highway, the first paved transcontinental thoroughfare.The celebrants in 1909 had a few inspirations we lack today. Lincoln's presidency was still a living memory for countless Americans. In 2009 we are farther in time from the end of the Second World War than they were from the Civil War; families still felt the loss of loved ones from that awful national trauma.But Americans in 1909 had something more: an unembarrassed appreciation for heroes and an acute sense of the way that even long-dead historical figures press in on the present and make us who we are.One story will illustrate what l'm talking about.In 2003 a group of local citizens arranged to place a statue of Lincoln in Richmond, Virginia, former capital of the Confederacy. The idea touched off a firestorm of controversy. The Sons of Confederate Veterans held a public conference of carefully selectedscholars to "reassess" the legacy of Lincoln. The verdict - no surprise - was negative: Lincoln was labeled everything from a racist totalitarian to a teller of dirty jokes.I covered the conference as a reporter, but what really unnerved me was a counter-conference of scholars to refute the earlier one. These scholars drew a picture of Lincoln that only our touchy-feely age could conjure up. The man who oversaw the most savage war in our history was described - by his admirers, remember - as "nonjudgmental," "unmoralistic," "comfortable with ambiguity."I felt the way a friend of mine felt as we later watched the unveiling of the Richmond statue in a subdued ceremony: "But he's so small!"The statue in Richmond was indeed small; like nearly every Lincoln statue put up in the past half century, it was life-size and was placed at ground level, a conscious rejection of the heroic - approachable and human, yes, but not something to look up to.The Richmond episode taught me that Americans have lost the language to explain Lincoln's greatness even to ourselves. Earlier generations said they wanted their children to be like Lincoln: principled, kind, compassionate, resolute. Today we want Lincoln to be like us.This helps to explain the long string of recent books in whichwriters have presented a Lincoln made after their own image. We've had Lincoln as humorist and Lincoln as manic-depressive, Lincoln the business sage, the conservative Lincoln and the liberal Lincoln, the emancipator and the racist, the stoic philosopher, the Christian, the atheist - Lincoln over easy and Lincoln scrambled.What's often missing, though, is the timeless Lincoln, the Lincoln whom all generations, our own no less than that of 1909, can lay claim to. Lucky for us, those memorializers from a century ago - and, through them, Lincoln himself- have left us a hint of where to find him. The Lincoln Memorial is the most visited of our presidential monuments. Here is where we find the Lincoln who endures: in the words he left us, defining the country we've inherited. Here is the Lincoln who can be endlessly renewed and who, 200 years after his birth, retains the power to renew us.26. The author thinks that this year's celebration is inadequate and even halfhearted becauseA. no Lincoln statue will be unveiled.B. no memorial coins will be issued.C. no similar appreciation of Lincoln will be seen.D. no activities can be compared to those in 1909.27. According to the passage, what really makes the 1909 celebrations different from this year's?A. Respect for great people and their influence.B. Variety and magnitude of celebration activities.C. Structures constructed in memory of Lincoln.D. Temporal proximity to Lincoln's presidency.28. In the author's opinion, the counter-conferenceA. rectified the judgment by those carefully selected scholars.B. offered a brand new reassessment perspective.C. came up with somewhat favourable conclusions.D. resulted in similar disparaging remarks on Lincoln.29. According to the author, the image of Lincoln conceived by contemporary peopleA. conforms to traditional images.B. reflects the present-day tendency of worship.C. shows the present-day desire to emulate Lincoln.D. reveals the variety of current opinions on heroes.30. Which of the following best explains the implication of the last paragraph?A. Lincoln's greatness remains despite the passage of time.B. The memorial is symbolic of the great man's achievements.C. Each generation has it own interpretation of Lincoln.D. People get to know Lincoln through memorializers.PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.31. The Maori people are natives ofA. Australia.B. Canada.C. Ireland.D. New Zealand.32. The British monarch is the Head ofA. Parliament.B. State.C. Government.D. Cabinet.33. Americans celebrate Independence Day onA. July 4th.B. October 11th.C. May 31st.D. September 6th.34. Canada is bounded on the north byA. the Pacific Ocean.B. the Atlantic Ocean.C. the Arctic Ocean.D. the Great Lakes.35. Who is the author of The Waste Lana?A. George Bernard Shaw.B. W.B. Yeats.C. Dylan Thomas.D. T.S. Eliot.36. Which of the following novelists wrote The Sound and the Fury?A. William Faulkner.B. Ernest Hemingway.C. Scott Fitzgerald.D. John Steinbeck.37. "The lettuce was lonely without tomatoes and cucumbers for company" is an example ofA. exaggeration.B. understatement.C. personification.D. synecdoche.。
2019专八真题
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2019)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT: 150 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN] SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture、 You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY、 While listening tothe mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap、 Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable、You may use the blank sheet for note-taking、You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task、Now, listen to the mini-lecture、 When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work、SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear TWO interviews、 At the end of each interview, five questions will be asked about what was said、 Both the interviews and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY、 After each question there will be a ten-second pause During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWERSHEET TWO、You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices、Now, listen to the first interview、 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the first interview、1、A、Environmental issues、B、Endangered species、C、Global warming、D、Conservation、2、A、 It is thoroughly proved、B、it is definitely very serious、C、It is just a temporary variation、D、It is changing our ways of living、3、A、 Protection of endangered animals* habitats、B、Negative human impact on the environment、C、Frequent abnormal phenomena on the earth、D、The woman’s indifferent attitude to the earth、4、A、 Nature should take its course、B、People take things for granted、C、Humans are damaging the earth、D、Animals should stay away from zoos、5、A、 Objective、B、Pessimistic、C、Skeptical、D、Subjective、Now, listen to the second interview、 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the second interview、6、A、 Teachers’ resistance to change、B、Students’ inadequate ability to read、C、Teachers’ misunderstanding o f such literacy、D、Students ’ indifference to the new method、7、A、Abilities to complete challenging tasks、B.Abilities to learn subject matter knowledge、C.Abilities to perform better in schoolwork、D.Abilities to perform disciplinary work、8、A、 Recalling specific information、B、Understanding particular details、C、Examining sources of information、D、Retelling a historical event、9、A、 Engaging literacy and disciplinary experts in the program、B、Helping teachers understand what disciplinary literacy is、C、Teaching disciplinary discourse practices by literacy teachers、D、Designing learning strategies with experts from both sides、10、A、 To argue for a case、B、To discuss a dispute、C、To explain a problem、D、To present details、PART II READING COMPREHENSION [45 MIN] SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions、 For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D、 Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO、PASSAGE ONE(1)When it came to concealing his troubles, Tommy Wilhelm was not less capable than die next fellow、 So at least he thought, and there was a certain amount of evidence to back him up、 He had once been an actor^ no, not quite, an extra — and he knew what acting should be、 Also, he was smoking a cigar, and when a man is smoking a cigar, wearing a hat, he has an advantage; it is harder to find out how he feels、 He came from the twenty-third floor down to the lobby on the mezzanine to collect his mail before breakfast, and he believed^ he hoped — that he looked passably well: doing all right、 It was a matter of sheer hope, because there was not much that he could add to his present effort、On the fourteenth floor he looked for his father to enter the elevator; they often met at this hour, on the way to breakfast、 If he worried about his appearance it was mainly for his old father’s sake、 But there was no stop on the fourteenth, and the elevator sank and sank、 Then the smooth door opened and the great dark-red uneven carpet that covered the lobby billowed toward Wilhelm’s feet、 In the foreground the lobby was dark, sleepy、 French drapes like sails kept out the sun, but three high, narrow windows were open, and in the blue air Wilhelm saw a pigeon about to light on the great chain that supported the marquee of the movie house directly underneath the lobby、 For one moment he heard the wings beating strongly、(2)Most of the guests at the Hotel Gloriana were past the age of retirement、 Along Broadway in the Seventies, Eighties, and Nineties, a great part of New York’s vast population of old men and women lives、 Unless the weather is too cold or wet they fill the benches about the tiny railed parks and alongthe subway gratings from Verdi Square to Columbia University, they crowd the shops and cafeterias, the dime stores, the tearooms, the bakeries, the beauty parlors, the reading rooms and club rooms、 Among these old people at the Gloriana, Wilhelm felt out ofplace、He was comparatively young, in his middle forties, large and blond, with big shoulders; his back was heavy and strong, if already a little stooped or thickened、After breakfast the old guests sat down on the green leather armchairs and sofas in the lobby and began to gossip and look into the、papers; they had nothing to do but wait out the day、But Wilhelm was used to an active life and liked to go out energetically in the morning、And for several months, because he had no position, he had kept up his morale by rising early; he was shaved and in the lobby by eight o'clock、He bought the paper and some cigars and drank a Coca-Cola or two before he went in tobreakfast with his father、 After breakfast 一 out, out, out to attend to business、 The getting out had in itselfbecome the chief business、 But he had realized that he could not keep this up much longer, and today he was afraid、 He was aware that his routine was about to break up and he sensed that a huge trouble long presaged (预感)but till now formless was due、 Before evening, he'd know、(3)Nevertheless he followed his daily course and crossed the lobby、(4)Rubin, the man at the newsstand, had poor eyes、 They may not have been actually weak but they were poor in expression, with lacy lids that furled down at the comers、 He dressed well、 It didn't seem necessary 一he was behind the counter most of the time — but he dressed very well、 He had on a rich brown suit; the cuffs embarrassed the hairs on his small hands、He wore a Countess Mara painted necktie、 As Wilhelm approached, Rubin did not see him; he was looking out dreamily at the Hotel Ansonia, which was visible from his comer, several blocks away、 The Ansonia, the neighborhood^ great landmark, was built by Stanford White、 It looks like a baroque palace from Prague or Munich enlarged a hundred times, with towers, domes, huge swells and bubbles of metal gone green from exposure, iron fretwork and festoons、 Black television antennae are densely planted on its round summits、 Under the changes of weather it may look like marble or like sea water, black as slate in the fog, white as tufa in sunlight、 This morning it looked like the image of itself reflected in deep water, white and cumulous above, with cavernous distortions underneath、 Together, the two men gazed at it、(5)Then Rubin 、said，“Your dad is in to breakfast already, the old gentleman、”“Oh，yes? Ahead of me today?”‘nat’s a real knocked-out shirt you got on，’’ said Rubin、 “Where’s it from，Saks?”“No, it’s a Jack Fagman — Chicago、”(6)Even when his spirits were low, Wilhelm could still wrinkle his forehead in a pleasing way、 Some of the slow，silent movements of his face were very attractive、 He went back a step, as if to stand away from himself and get a better look at his shirt、 His glance was comic, a comment upon his untidiness、 He liked to wear good clothes, but once he had put it on each article appeared to go its own way、 Wilhelm, laughing，panted a little; his teeth were small; his cheeks when he laughed and puffed grew round, and he looked much younger than his years、 In the old days when he was a college freshman and wore a beanie (无檐小帽）on his large blonde head his father used to say that，big as he was，he could charm a bird out ofa tree、 Wilhelm had great charm still、(7)“I like this dove-gray color,” he said in his sociable，good-natured way、“It isn’t washable、 Youhave to send it to the cleaner、 It never smells as good as washed、 But it，s a nice shirt、 It cost sixteen, eighteen bucks、*'11、Wilhelm hoped he looked all right on his way to the lobby because he wanted to _ 、A.leave a good impressionB.give his father a surpriseC.show his acting potentialD.disguise his low spirit12、Wilhelm had something in common with the old guests in that they all 、A.lived a luxurious lifeB.liked to sC.idled their time awayD.liked to get up early13、How did Wilhelm feel when he was crossing the lobby (Para、 2)?A.He felt something ominous was coming、B.He was worried that his father was late、C.He was feeling at ease among the old、D.He was excited about a possible job offer、14、Which part of Rubin’s clothes made him look particularly awkward (Para、 4)?A.The necktie、B.The cuffs、C.The suit、D.The shirt、15、What can we learn from the author’s description of Wilhelm’s clothes?A.His shirt made him look better、B.He cared much about his clothes、C.He looked like a comedian in his shirt、D.The clothes he wore never quite matched、PASSAGE TWO(1)By the 1840s New York was the leading commercial city of the United States、 It had long since outpaced Philadelphia as the largest city in the country, and even though Boston continued to be venerated as the cultural capital of the nation, its image had become somewhat languid; it had not kept upwith the implications of the newly industrialized economy, of a diversified ethnic population, or of the rapidly rising middle class、 New York was the place where the “new” Ame rica was coming into being, so it is hardly surprising that the modem newspaper had its birth there、(2)The penny paper had found its first success in New York、 By the mid-1830s Ben Day s Sun was drawing readers from all walks of life、 On the other hand, the Sun was a scanty sheet providing little more than minor diversions; few today would call it a newspaper at all、 Day himself was an editor of limited vision, and he did not possess the ability or the imagination to climb the slopes to loftier heights、 If real newspapers were to emerge from the public's demand for more and better coverage, it would have to come from a youthful generation of editors for whom journalism was a totally absorbing profession, an exacting vocational ideal rather than a mere offshoot of job printing、(3)By the 1840s two giants burst into the field, editors who would revolutionize journalism, would bring the newspaper into the modem age, and show how it could be influential in the national life、 These two giants, neither of whom has been treated kindly by history, were James Gordon Bennett and Horace Greeley、 Bennett founded his New York Herald in 1835, less than two years after the appearance of the Sun、Horace Greeley founded his Tribune in 1841、 Bennett and Greeley were the most innovative editors in New York until after the Civil War、 Their newspapers were the leading American papers of the day, although for completely different reasons、 The two men despised each other, although not in the ways that newspaper editors had despised one another a few years before、 Neither was a political hack bonded to a political party、Greeley fancied himself a public intellectual、He had strong political views, and he wanted to run for office himself, but party factotum he could never be; he bristled with ideals and causes of his own devising、 Officially he was a Whig (and later a Republican), but he seldom gave comfort to his chosen party、Bennett, on the other hand, had long since cut his political ties, and although his paper covered local and national politics fully and he went after politicians with hammer and tongs, Bennett was a cynic, a distruster of all settled values、 He did not regard himself as an intellectual, although in fact he was better educated than Greeley、He thought himself only a hard-boiled newspaperman、Greeley was interested in ideas and in what was happening to the country、Bennett was only interested in his newspaper、 He wanted to find out what the news was, what people wanted to read、 And when he found out he gave it to them、(4)As different as Bennett and Greeley were from each other they were also curiously alike、 Both stood outside the circle of polite society, even when they became prosperous, and in Bennett’s case, wealthy、 Both were incurable eccentrics、 Neither was a gentleman、 Neither conjured up the picture of a successful editor、Greeley was unkempt, always looking like an unmade bed、 Even when he was nationally famous in the 1850s he resembled a clerk in a third-rate brokerage house, with slips of paper —marked-up proofs perhaps — hanging out of his pockets or stuck in his hat、 He became fat, was always nearsighted, always peering over spectacles、He spoke in a high-pitched whine Not a few people suggested that he looked exactly like the ill ustrations of Charles Dickens’s Mr、Pickwick、Greeley provided a humorous description of himself, written under the pretense that it had been the work of his long-time adversary James Fenimore Cooper、 The editor was, according to the description, a half-bald, long-legged, slouching individual “so rocking in gait that he walks down both sides of the street at once、”(5)The appearance of Bennett was somewhat different but hardly more reassuring、 A shrewd, wiry Scotsman, who seemed to repel intimacy, Bennett looked around at the world with a squinty glare of suspicion、 His eyes did not focus right、 They seemed to fix themselves on nothing and everything at the same time、 He was as solitary as an oyster, the classic loner、 He seldom made close friendships and few people trusted him, although nobody who had dealings with him, however brief, doubted his abilities、He, too, could have come out of a book of Dickensian eccentrics, although perhaps Ebenezer Scrooge or Thomas Gradgrind comes to mind rather than the kindly old Mr、 Pickwick、 Greeley was laughed at but admired; Bennett was seldom laughed at but never admired; on the other hand, he had a hard professional competence and an encyclopedic knowledge of his adopted country, an in-depth learning uncorrupted by vague idealisms、All of this perfectly suited him for the journalism of this confusing age、(6)Both Greeley and Bennett had served long, humiliating and disappointing apprenticeships in the newspaper business、 They took a long time getting to the top, the only reward for the long years of waiting being that when they had their own newspapers, both knew what they wanted and firmly set about getting it、 When Greeley founded the Tribune in 1841 he had the strong support of the Whig party and had already had a short period of modest success as an editor、 Bennett, older by sixteen years, found solid commercial success first, but he had no one behind him except himself when he started up the Herald in 1835 in a dingy cellar room at 20 Wall Street、 Fortunately this turned out to be quite enough、16、Which of the following is NOT the author’s opinion on Ben Day and his Sun (Para、 2)7A.Sun had once been a popular newspaper、B.Sun failed to be a high-quality newspaper、C.Ben Day lacked innovation and imagination、D.Ben Day had striven for better coverage、17、Which of the following statements is CORRECT about Greeley’s or Bennett’s political stance (Para、 3)7Greeley and Bennett were both strong supporters of their party、Greeley, as a Whig member, believed in his party’s ideals、Bennett, as an independent, loathed established values、Greeley and Bennett possessed different political values、18、Which of the following figures of speech was used to describe Greele y’s manner of walking (Para、 4)?A.Exaggeration、B.Paradox、C.Analogy、D.Personification、19、In Para、 5 Bennett was depicted as a man whoA.had stronger capabilities than GreeleyB.possessed a great aptitude for journalismC.was in pursuit of idealism in journalismD.was knowledgeable about his home country20、How was Greeley different from Bennett according to Para、 6?A.He had achieved business success first、B.He started his career earlier than Bennett、C.He got initial support from a political party、D.He had a more humiliating apprenticeship、PASSAGE THREE(1)Why make a film about Ned Kelly? More ingenious crimes than those committed by the reckless Australian bandit are reported every day、 What is there in Ned Kelly to justify dragging the mesmeric Mick Jagger so far into the Australian bush and away from his natural haunts? The answer is that the film makers know we always fall for a bandit, and Jagger is set to do for bold Ned Kelly what Brando once did for the arrogant Emiliano Zapata、(2) A bandit inhabits a special realm of legend where his deeds are embroidered by others; where his death rather than his life is considered beyond belief; where the men who bring him to “justice” are afflicted with doubts about their role、(3)The bandits had a role to play as definite as that of the authorities who condemned them、 These were men in conflict with authority, and, in the absence of strong law or the idea of loyal opposition, they took to the hills、 Even there, however, many of them obeyed certain unwritten rules(4)These robbers, who claimed to be something more than mere thieves, had in common, firstly, a sense of loyalty and identity with the peasants they came from、They didn't steal the peasant’s harvest; they did steal the lord’s、(5)And certain characteristics seem to apply to “social bandits’’ whether they were in Sicily or Peru、They were generally young men under the age of marriage, predictably the best age for dissidence、Some were simply the surplus male population who had to look for another source of income; others were runaway serfs or ex-soldiers; a minority, though the most interesting, were outstanding men who were unwilling to accept the meek and passive role of peasant、(6)They usually operated in bands between ten and twenty strong and relied for survival on difficult terrain and bad transport、And bandits prospered best where authority was merely local — over the next hill and they were free、Unlike the general run of peasantry they had a taste for flamboyant dress and gesture; but they usually shared the peasants’ religious beliefs and superstitions、(7)The first sign of a man caught up in the Robin Hood syndrome was when he started out, forced into outlawry as a victim of injustice; and when h e then set out to “right wrongs”, first his own and then other people’s、The classic bandit then “takes from the rich and gives to the poor” in conformity with his own sense of social injustice; he never kills except in self-defense or justifiable revenge; he stays within his community and even returns to it if he can to take up an honorable place; his people admire and help to protect him; he dies through the treason of one of them; he behaves as if invisible and invulnerable; he is a “loyalist”, never the enemy of the king but only of the local oppressors、(8)None of die bandits lived up fully to this image of the “noble robber” and for many the claim of larger motives was often a delusion、(9)Yet amazingly, many of these violent men did behave at least half the time in accordance with this idealist pattern、Pancho Villa in Mexico and Salvatore Giuliano in Italy began their careers harshly victimized、Many of their charitable acts later became legends、(10)Far from being defeated in death, bandits’ reputation for invincibility was often strengthened by the manner of their dying、The “dirty little coward” who shot Jesse James in the back is in every ballad about him, and the implication is that nothing else could have brought Jesse down、Even when the police claimed the credit, as they tried to do at first with Giuliano’s death, the local people refused to believe it、And not just the bandit’s vitality prompts the people to refuse to believe that their hero has died; his death would be in some way the death of hope、(11)For the traditional ‘‘noble robber” represents an extremely primitive form of social protest, perhaps the most primitive there is、He is an Individual who refuses to bend his back, that is all、 Most protesters will eventually be bought over and persuaded to come to terms with the official power、 That is why the few who do not, or who are believed to have remained uncontaminated, have so great and passionate a burden of admiration and longing laid upon them、 They cannot abolish oppression、 But they do prove that justice is possible, that poor men need not be humble, helpless and meek、(12)The bandit in the real world is rooted in peasant society and when its simple agricultural system is left behind so is he、 But the tales and legends, the books and films continue to appear for an audience that is neither peasant nor bandit、 In some ways the characters and deeds of the great bandits could so readily be the stuff of grand opera - Don Jose in “Carmen” is based on the Andalusian bandit El Empranillo、 But they are perhaps more at home in folk songs, in popular tales and the ritual dramas of films、 When we sit in the darkness of the cinema to watch the bold deeds of Ned Kelly we are caught up in admiration for their strong individuality, their simple gesture of protest, their passion for justice and their confidence that they cannot be beaten、 This sustains us nearly as much as it did the almost hopeless people from whom they sprang、21、Which of the following words is NOT intended to suggest approval of bandits?A.Bold (Para、 1)、B.Claimed (Para、 4)、C.Legend (Para、 2)、D.Loyalty (Para、 4)、22、Of the following reasons which is the LEAST likely one for becoming bandits?A.They liked theatrical clothes and behavior、B.They wanted to help the poor country folk、C.They were unwilling to accept injustice、D.They had very few careers open to them、23、、、、、began their careers harshly victimized” (Para、 9) means that they 、A.had received excessive ill-treatmentB.were severely punished for their crimesC.took to violence through a sense of injusticeD.were misunderstood by their parents and friends24、What has made bandits suitable as film heroes is that they 、A.are sure they are invincibleB.possess a theatrical qualityC.retain the virtues of a peasant societyD.protest against injustice and inequalitySECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in Section A、 Answer each question in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO、PASSAGE ONEIn and there was a certain amount of evidence to back him up (Para、1)”, what does “evidence” refer to?What is Wilhelm’s characteristic that has never changed all those years a ccording to Para、 6? PASSAGE TWOSummarize in your own words the meaning of the italicized part in the last sentence of Para、 2、What does but he seldom gave comfort to his chosen party” mean according to the context (Para、 3)?What is the similarity between Bennett and Greeley according to Paras、 4 and 5?PASSAGE THREEWrite down TWO features of the idealist pattern、(Para 9)Wha t does “hope” mean according to the context? (Para 10)What does “He is an indivi dual who refuses to bend his back” mean? (Para 11)PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [15 MIN]The passage contains TEN errors、 Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error、 In each case, only ONE word is involved、 You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:PART IV TRANSLATION [20 MIN]Translate the following text from Chinese into English、Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE、白洋淀曾有" 北国江南" 得说法，但村舍得形制自具特色，与江南截然不同。
2019专八真题pdf
2019专八真题pdfBody Language and MindⅠ. IntroductionBody language reveals who we are.Ⅱ. Nonverbal expressions of (1) power and dominance●feeling powerful: (2) expanding/opening up/stretching out- e.g. athletes with arms up in a V sign●feeling powerless: (3) closing up- e.g. refusing to bump into the person nearby.●behavior tends to become (4) complementaryin a high- and low-power situation.-people don't mirror each other.●MBA students exhibit the full range ef power nonverbals.一e.g. students with power have strong desire for (5) dominance ●power nonverbals are also related to (6) sex / genderⅢ. Relationship between (7)body and mind●the powerful are more (8)assertive, confident, optimistic●hormones differ with (9)dominance and stress●an experiment:- procedure:-adopting high or low-power poses and completing items- being given(10)opportunity to gamble- having saliva tested-resuits:-(11)doninane hormone : much higher with high-power pcople -an increase in (12) stress hormone in low-power people-hormonal changes: making brain(13)stress-reactiveIV. Conclusion●behavior can (14)change our outcomes/change outcome●before getting into stressful situations一get your brain ready to(15)do the bestInterviewSECTION A11-15 DCABD16-20 DCABC21-24 BACDSECTION B25. He knew how to act and conceal his feelings.26. Frivolous and naive, for knowing little about proper dressing.27. Journalism need professional persons with great aptitude.28. Greeley was seldom believed in his party.29. They were both incurable eccentrics.30. Passionate for justice and loyal to the poor.31. The hope of fighting against injustice.32. He protests against injustice and never surrenders.改错Leaming about cognitive grammar (CG), an approach to the analysis and description of language structure, is not easy. One reason is vast literature that now exists in CG and in cognitive linguistics (1) more generally, thanks to limited acssibility, and its being situated (2) in the Westem linguistic tradition, this poses special problems for Chinese scholars. Another factor is that CG, though is not implemented (3)computationally or presented as a formal model, nonetheless involves considerable technical detail. Understanding it at depth, or with any (4) degree of accuracy, required precision of thought and analysis as well (5) as the mastering of many terms and notations. The final source of dificulty (6) is that CG results fom non-standardways of thinking language (7) and linguistic investigation. In particular, it departs awey from tradition (8) by viewing meaning as the starting point for analyzing grammar. and conceptualizatonas the basis for describing meaning.This book is hardly suficient for a thorough knowledge of CG but may at least contribute to the process of learning about it. As (9) it only introduces the basic notions, its main purpose is to llustrate the famework's descrptive and explanatory potential through extensive dscussion of their application to diverse facets of language strucure.(10)1、vast 前加the2、limited 前加its3、去掉though 后is ，或者在is 前加it4、at 改成in5、required 改成requires6、notations 改为notions7、thinking 后加about8、去掉away9、As 改为Although10、their 改成its。
2019专八真题讲座听力文本
2019专八真题听力练习Body language and mindGood morning, everyone. In today’s lecture, I ‘d like to focus on how our body language reveals who we are. We’re really fascinated with body language, and particularly interested in other people’s body language. You know, we’re sometimes interested in an awkward interaction, or a smile, or a contemptuous glance, or maybe very awkward wink, or handshake.So what kind of body language am I talking about? I am interested in 1___________________—that is the nonverbal expressions of power and dominance. And what are nonverbal expressions of power and dominance? Well, this is what they are. In the animal kingdom, nonverbal expressions of power and dominance are about 2________. So you make yourself big, you stretch out, you take up space and you are basically o pening up. And… and humans do the same thing. So they do this when they’re feeling powerful in the moment. And this one is especially interesting because it really shows us how universal and old these expressions of power are. For example, when athletes cr oss the finish line and they’ve won, it doesn’t matter if they’ve never seen anyone do it. They do this. So the arms are up in the V sign, the chin is slightly lifted. But what do we do when we feel powerless? We do exactly the opposite. 3_________________________. We make ou rselves small. We don’t want to bump into the person next to us. And this is what happens when you put together high and low power. So what we tend to do when it comes to power is that we complement the other’s nonverbals. What I mea n is if someone is being really powerful with us, we tend to 4__________________________________. We don’t 5________________. We do the opposite.I’m watching this behavior in the classroom, and guess what I have noticed. I notice that MBA students really exhibit the full range of power nonverbals. They get right into the middle of the room before class even starts, like they really want to 6________________. When they sit down, they’re sort of 7________________. They raise their hands high. You have other people who are virtually collapsing when they come in. as soon as they, I mean other people, come in, you see it. You see it on their faces and their bodies, and they sit in their chair and they make themselves 8________, and they will not fully stretch their arms when they raise their hands. I also notice another interesting thing about his. It seems women are much more likely to do this kind of thing than men. I mean women are more likely to make themselves small. Women feel chronically 习惯性地_9_______________ than men, so this is not surprising.The second question concerns our minds. We know that our minds change our bodies. But is it also true that 10___________________________________________? And when I say minds, in the case of the powerful, what do I mean? I’m talking about thoughts and feelings and the sort of physiological生理学上的things that make up our thoughts and feelings, and in my case, that’s hormones. I look at hormones. So what do the minds of the powerful versus the powerless look like? Powerful people tend to be, not surprisingly, 11____________________________________________. They actually feel that they’re going to win even at games of chance. They also tend to be able to think more abstractly. They take more risks. So there are a lot ofdifferences between powerful and powerless people. Physiologically, there also are differences on two key hormones: one is dominance hormone, and the other is stress hormone. What we find is that powerful and effective leaders have high dominance hormone and low stress hormone. What does that mean? That means power is also about 12________________.Once we did an experiment. We decided to bring people into the lab and run that little experiment. These people adopted, for two minutes, either 13______________________ or 14__________________________________. We, for two minutes, say, “You need to do this or this.” And we also want them to be feeling power. So after two minutes we will ask them “Ho w powerful do you feel?” on a series of items, and then we 15________________________________________. Before and after the experiment, we take their sample of saliva for a hormone test. That’s the whole experiment.And this is what we have found—16___________________________, which is 17________. What we find is t hat when you’re 18_________________________________________, 86 percent of you will gamble. When you’re 19_________________________________________, it’s down to only 60 percent, and that’s a pretty significant difference. Here’s what we find on 20___________________________. From their baseline when they come in, high-power people experience about a 20 percent increase, and low-power people experience about a 10-percent decrease. So again, two minutes, and you get these changes. Concerning 21___________________________, high-power people experience about a 25-percent decrease, and the low power people experience about a 15 percent increase. Once again, two minutes lead to these hormonal changes that configure your brain to basically be either assertive, confident or -really stress-reactive, and, you know, feeling sort of shut down. And we’ve all had that feeling, right? So it seems that our nonverbals do govern how we think and feel about ourselves. Also, our bodies change our minds. So, power posing for a few minutes really changes your life in meaningful ways.When I tell people about this, that that our bodies change our minds, and our minds can change our behavior, and 22_____________________________________, they say to me, “I don’t believe that. It feels fake. Right?” so I said, “fake it till you make it.” I ‘m going to live you with this. Before you go into the next stressful evaluative situation, for example, a job interview, for two minutes, try doing this, in the elevator, o r at your desk behind closed doors and say to yourself “that’s what I want to do.” Configure your brain to_23_______________ in that situation. Get your dominance hormone up, and get your stress hormone down. Don’t leave that situation feeling like, oh, I didn’t show them who I am. Leave that situation feeling like, oh, I really managed to say who I am and show who I am.To sum up, today, we talk about the “nonverbal expressions of power and dominance” and the strong effects of the change of behavior. I suggest you try power posing, which is simple but will significantly change the outcomes of your life. Ok, next time we are going to discuss the social functions of body language.2019专八真题听力练习Body language and mindGood morning, everyone. In today’s lecture, I ‘d like to focus on how our body language reveals who we are. We’re really fascinated with body language, and particularly interested in other people’s body language. You know, we’re sometimes interested in an awkward interaction, or a smile, or a contemptuous glance, or maybe very awkward wink, or handshake.So what kind of body language am I talking about? I am interested in power dynamics—that is the nonverbal expressions of power and dominance. And what are nonverbal expressions of power and dominance? Well, this is what they are. In the animal kingdom, nonverbal expressions of power and dominance are about expanding. So you make yourself big, you stretch out, you take up space and you are basically opening up. And… and humans do the same thing. So they do this when they’re feeling powerful in the moment. And this one is especially interesting because it really shows us how universal and old these expressions of power are. For example, when athletes cross the finish line and they’ve won, it doesn’t matter if they’ve never seen anyone do it. They do this. So the arms are up in the V sign, the chin is slightly lifted. But what do we do when we feel powerless? We do exactly the opposite. We close up. We make ours elves small. We don’t want to bump into the person next to us. And this is what happens when you put together high and low power. So what we tend to do when it comes to power is that we complement the other’s nonverbals. What I mean is if someone is being really powerful with us, we tend to make ourselves smaller. We don’t mirror them. We do the opposite.I’m watching this behavior in the classroom, and guess what I have noticed. I notice that MBA students really exhibit the full range of power nonverbals. They get right into the middle of the room before class even starts, like they really want to occupy space. When they sit down, they’re sort of spread out. They raise their hands high. You have other people who are virtually collapsing when they come in. as soon as they, I mean other people, come in, you see it. You see it on their faces and their bodies, and they sit in their chair and they make themselves tiny, and they will not fully stretch their arms when they raise their hands. I also notice another interesting thing about his. It seems women are much more likely to do this kind of thing than men. I mean women are more likely to make themselves small. Women fell chronically 习惯性地less powerful than men, so this is not surprising.The second question concerns our minds. We know that our minds change our bodies. But is it also true that our bodies change our minds? And when I say minds, in the case of the powerful, what do I mean? I’m talking about thoughts and feelings and the sort of physiological生理学上的things that make up our thoughts and feelings, and in my case, that’s hormones. I look at hormones. So what do the minds of the powerful versus the powerless look like? Powerful people tend to be, not surprisingly, more assertive and more confident, more optimistic. They actually feel that they’re going to win even at games of chance. They also tend to be able to think more abstractly. They take more risks. So there are a lot of differences between powerful and powerless people. Physiologically, there also are differences on two keyhormones: one is dominance hormone, and the other is dominance hormone. What we find is that powerful and effective leaders have high dominance hormone and low stress hormone. What does that mean? That means power is also about how you react to stress.Once we did an experiment. We decided to bring people into the lab and run that little experiment. These people adopted, for two minutes, either high-power poses or low-power poses. We, for two minutes, say, “You need to do this or this.” And we also want them to be feeling power. So after two minutes we will ask them “Ho w powerful do you feel?” on a series of items, and then we give them an opportunity to gamble. Before and after the experiment, we take their sample of saliva for a hormone test. That’s the whole experiment.And this is what we have found—risk tolerance, which is gambling. What we find is that when you’re in the high-power pose condition, 86 percent of you will gamble. When you’re in the low-power pose condition, it’s down to only 60 percent, and that’s a pretty significant difference. Here’s what we find on dominance hormone. From their baseline when they come in, high-power people experience about a 20 percent increase, and low-power people experience about a 10-percent decrease. So again, two minutes, and you get these changes. Concerning stress hormone, high-power people experience about a 25-percent decrease, and the low power people experience about a 15 percent increase. Once again, two minutes lead to these hormonal changes that configure your brain to basically be either assertive, confident or -really stress-reactive, and, you know, feeling sort of shut down. And we’ve all had that feeling, right? So it seems that our nonverbals do govern how we think and feel about ourselves. Also, our bodies change our minds. So, power posing for a few minutes really changes your life in meaningful ways.When I tell people about this, that our bodies change our minds and our minds can change our behavior, and our behavior can change our outcomes, they say to me, “I don’t believe that. It feels fake. Right?” so I said, “fake it till you make it.” I ‘m going to live you with this. Before you go into the next stressful evaluative situation, for example, a job interview, for two minutes, try doing this, in the elevator, or at your desk behind closed doors and say to yourself “that’s what I want to do.” Configure your brain to do the best in that situation. Get your dominance hormone up, and get your stress hormone down. Don’t leave that situation feeling like, oh, I didn’t show them who I am. Leave that situation feeling like, oh, I really managed to say who I am and show who I am.To sum up, today, we talk about the “nonverbal expressions of power and dominance” and the strong ef fects of the change of behavior. I suggest you try power posing, which is simple but will significantly change the outcomes of your life. Ok, next time we are going to discuss the social functions of body language.。
专业英语八级(听力)练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（听力）练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.听力原文：W: Today I’d like to welcome Edward Fox, a seasoned real estate agent, who is going to talk to us about buying a house. Hello, Edward.M: Hello.W: Now Edward, for most people buying a house is a major life event, and probably the single most expensive item they are ever likely to buy. What precautions do they have to take before a real purchase? Can you give some suggestions?M: You are right in saying buying a house costs a lot. But as to me, the most important thing to consider before buying any property is the location.W: Location?M: Right. Because it is where you plan to spend a large part of your life. Or, indeed, the rest of your life in some circumstances. (1) Therefore, consider the type of life you enjoy leading. If you are a very sociable person who enjoys nightclubs and discos, you may consider something close to a city. Anyway, a city is convenient for all types of nightlife.W: Then, for those who seek a quiet life, do you recommend a house in the countryside?M: Well, countryside is a tranquil place. However, do remember that proximity to the place of work also counts. Indeed, we spend most of our life at work, and you don’t want to have to spend two or more hours every day traveling to work, do you? Therefore, transport is of the utmost importance. (2) City suburbs, however, are often conveniently located for commuting to work, or for shopping, without being in the heart of a busy city.W: But houses in the suburbs are far more expensive than those in cities.M: They seem to be. But actually houses located in cities can often exceed the price of suburban houses. So cheek out the prices. You may be surprised.W: Really?(1) So we should consider our places of work and personalities in choosing the location. Is that so?M: I’m afraid you have to take family into consideration as well. You may prefer a house that is away from a busy street or main road. (1) And, of course, remember that children have to attend school: is there a good school in the area, or would your children have to travel a long distance to get to school? Therefore, if you have children, or you plan to have children, location is a very important factor. And, of course, remember that a family influences the size of the property.W: Oh, I see. How many types of houses can we choose?M: There are various types of houses. The first is called detached houses, which stand alone, and are not joined by another building. (3) Then there are semi-detached houses, which are the most common. This is because they are, in fact, two houses joined together, and therefore take up lessspace. And there are town houses, too, which are many houses joined together to form a hmg row. But don’t think that town houses are less expensive than semi-detached houses. They rarely are. This is because they are usually built in cities where the price of property is very expensive.W: Then what about old houses? (4) They must be cheaper than new ones.M: (4) Maybe they are. But if the house is too old, you may be faced with expensive repairs and renovation bills. So have a house thoroughly checked by a professional surveyer before you decide to buy. But then again there are things you can look for yourself. Things such as the condition of the woodwork, especially doors and windows that can be expensive to replace. But more importantly make sure all the fixtures and fittings, things such as cupboards, sinks, taps and bath tubs arc all in good working order because replacing kitchens and bathrooms can he very costly.W: I agree. It’s economical to buy old houses only when they are in good condition. By the way, a lot of property has a garden attached to it. Do you think it’s a good choice?M: It’s true that a lot of property has a garden. If you enjoy gardening, that’s fine. But if you don’t enjoy gardening then you may prefer a small garden, as opposed to a big one. But even if you do enjoy gardening it is important to remember that gardens take up a lot of your time. (5) So keeping a garden in good order may be veU difficult if you work long hours.W: You are quite right. Any other suggestions?M: One final thing is the general feel of the place. Does it have a good atmosphere? And most important of all, would you feel comfortable living there?W: Edward, I never knew I had to consider so many things while buying a house. Thank you very much for talking with us.M: My pleasure.1．According to Edward, in deciding the location of a house, people should consider all the following EXCEPTA．the type of life they enjoy.B．the price of the house.C．the distance between the house and the place of work.D．the school their children can attend.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力2．Which of the following is an ideal place for quiet people to live in?A．City.B．Downtown.C．Countryside.D．Suburb.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力3．According to the interview, ______ are the most common type of houses.A．detached housesB．semi-detached housesC．town housesD．old houses正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力4．What does Edward think of old houses compared to new ones?A．They are definitely cheaper.B．They are too old to live in.C．They may be cheaper but repairs and renovation cost much.D．They need to he checked professionally from time to time.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力5．Edward shows ______ when talking about gardens attached to houses.A．disapprovalB．excitementC．uncertaintyD．indifference正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.听力原文：Foreign pilots are to be drafted into Chinese airlines to relieve the shortage of qualified flyers. CAAC statistics show that about 11, 000 pilots are employed to fly more than 770 aircraft operated by the major Chinese commercial airlines, which industry experts consider as inadequate to cope with the rocketing demand for passenger services. Around 145 new aircraft will be delivered for operation this year in China, and the new planes alone will push aircraft numbers beyond the capacity of training schools to supply new pilots. (6) Industry experts estimate China needs between 1, 200 and 1, 600 new pilots every year since 2000, while the nation’s major training schools for commercial airline pilots can provide a maximum of 600 pilots annually.6．Industry. experts estimate China needs between ______ and ______ new pilots annually since 2000.A．770; 1,200B．1,200; 1,300C．1,200; 1,600D．1,300; 1,600正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：West Aft’lean leaders say they are cautiously in favor of using genetically modified crops. But non-governmental organizations are calling for a five-year moratorium so more research can be done. The issue is being discussed at a U. S. -sponsored conference in Burkina Faso. During the three-day conference, which started Monday, West African leaders said they want assurances that genetically modified products are safe for the people who eat or use them, and for the environment. (7) But the leaders say that in general they believe the genetically modified crops will lead to higher agricultural productivity and therefore should be used. But non-governmental organizations in West Africa remain unconvinced. A protest by non-governmental organization is planned for Wednesday, when the conference ends.7．West African leaders who want assurances believe the genetically modified crops will lead toA．higher financial earnings.B．more genetically modified crops.C．higher agricultural productivity.D．more genetically modified products.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：China’s automobile revolution is accelerating; (8) despite efforts by the government to slow what many economists believe is an overheating of its economy. China is the fastest growing ear market in the world, and sales next year are expected to climb 20 percent from last year. Meanwhile, the world’s automakers have announced they will launch massive expansion projects in China. In recent months, banks have started to tighten their lending criteria, in part a response to what analysts say are the government’s efforts to stop China’s rapidly growing economy from overheating, but ear sales are skyrocketing, with many Chinese using their savings to purchase new cars.8．Many economists believe that the fast-paced growth of car market in China is A．a proof of abundance.B．an overheating of its economy.C．an attraction of investment.D．a result of foreign expansion projects.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：(9) A 12-storey building has collapsed in the Egyptian capitalCairo after a fire in the lower floors. A number of people are trapped in the wreckage and about 30 people were injured. The fire broke out in the ground floor of the 12-storey building in the modern suburb of Cairo. Police officials say it started in a fast food restaurant or possibly in an adjacent home appliances shop. Hundreds of residents lived in the apartment block. They were able to leave before the building collapsed 3 hours after the fire started. (10) Policemen and firemen, however, were trapped when the upper floors came crashing down. Working under floodlights, their colleagues have been battling to free them from the rabble. The governor of Cairn said the collapsed building had planning permission for 4 floors only. But at least 7 other floors were added on illegally.9．The fire broke out in ______ of the 12-storey building.A．the ground floorB．the second floorC．the fourth floorD．the seventh floor正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力10．Who were the majority in the people trapped in the wreekage?A．Residents nearby.B．Clients in the fast-food restaurant.C．Shoppers.D．Policemen and firemen.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力。
专业英语八级(INTERVIEW)强化练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（INTERVIEW）强化练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.听力原文：Mr. Fitch (M) Mary Jane (W)M: Yes? Come in.W: Excuse me, are you Mr. Fitch? Dr Addlestone’s assistant?M: Hi. Yes. Can I help you?W: Yes, please, if you have time. I’m Mary Jane Turner and I’m signed up for Literature Two-twenty?(1)1 just wanted to get clear on the grading system. I’m still not sure how it works. M: Hi, Mary Jane. Sure. It’s pretty straightforward, really. After each lecture, we prepare a short quiz on that material, and you take it at the beginning of the next lecture period. It only takes about ten minutes and it’s pretty simple—if you’ve taken good notes and studied them a bit beforehand, that is, there are fifteen lectures, so that’s fifteen quizzes. W: And they’re part of our final grade, right?M: Right. One percent each or fifteen percent for all fifteen of them. W: Each one’s only one percent of my grade? That doesn’t seem like much. Missing one or two of them wouldn’t make much difference, would it? M: Not really, no—but the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. They’re not worth much individually because they’re very short and sweet—just to check that you’ve been coming to class, really. (2 - 1) But students who pass all fifteen quizzes earn a five percent, um, bonus for effort.W: Don’t our individual quiz scores count?M: No, sorry. They’re just pass-fail quizzes.W: So, (2-2) pass them all and it’s twenty percent of my final grade?M: That’s right.W: That sounds good.M: And sixty percent are your mid-term and final exams.W: Are they short and sweet, too?M: (laughs) No, I’m afraid not. They’re not like the quizzes. (3) They’re ninety-minute tests and require a good bit of writing in addition to the objective questions. The mid-term covers the first eight lectures, the Founding Fathers to Mark Twain. The final mainly covers World War I to the present, from Lecture Nine on.W: So first-half authors won’t be on the final?M: That’s not what I said. I said it’s MAINLY on the second half of the course. Professor Addlestone will be keeping you honest with a few questions about American literature before the first World War, too.W: I see. And they’re thirty-thirty?M: Yes, thirty percent for the mid-term, thirty percent for the final, and up to twenty percent for the weekly quizzes. And then up to ten percent for each of your essays. You’ll need at least ninety percent for an A, eighty percent for a B, and seventy percent for a C.W: Well, I see. Could you tell me something about what is expected with our essays? There’re two of them, right?M: Yes. (4-1) You’re required to write two short critical essays on American authors ofyour choice. from anywhere in American literary history, and we’ll be looking carefully at your writing style and ability as much as at the content of your essays. The Professor’s a real stickler for overall literacy.W: So I can choose any author in the syllabus?M: Yes, (4-2) but I can tell you that we often like it when a student picks an author out of the mainstream—perhaps a lesser writer that we haven’t been able to include in the lectures. or a contemporary author who hasn’t found a place in literary history yet.W: Someone really obscure?M: Not a good idea. (4-3) The author you choose should have some relevance to the course of American literature. And if you can demonstrate that relevance clearly in four to five typewritten pages, then you’ll have a good essay. W: For each essay? Ooh. M: This is a university, Mary Jane, not a high school. Now, you’ve got almost four months to write eight to ten pages. You should be able to manage that. W: Yes, OK. You’re right. When are they due? M: Your first essay’s due in late October. It must be handed in by Lecture Eight, but we’d be happy to see it anytime before that. And the second is due at the last lecture in December. It must be turned in before the winter break. W: Oh—should the first essay be about somebody in the first halfs material then, and the same for the second? M: No, not at all. Any author you like. It would be smart to choose ones that interest you, though. Papers that reflect some enthusiasm always turn out better. W: (5) Oh, I’ve got that I I’m really looking forward to this course—I love reading!M: That’s good, because you’ll be doing a lot of that. W: Thanks for your help, Mr. Fitch—I really appreciate it. M: And don’t be shy if you have any more concerns, Mary Jane. My door’s always open. Goodbye.1．What is the woman’s main purpose to see the man?A．To get information about the literature lectures.B．To make clear how the grading system works.C．To inquire how she prepares for the quizzes.D．To find out about the American authors to be taught.正确答案：B解析：根据句(1)可知，Mary来见Mr．Fitch是要弄清楚该课程的评分体系，因此[B]为答案。
2019年英语专业八级真题听力 Mini-lecture(1)
Body Language and Mind肢体语言和意识Good morning,everyone.大家早上好。
In today's lecture,I'd like to focus on how our body langu age reveals who we are.在今天的课上，我主要来讲讲我们的肢体语言如何揭示出我们是什么样的人。
We're really fascinated with body language,and particula rly interested in other people's bodylanguage.我们对肢体语言十分感兴趣，尤其是其他人的肢体语言。
You know,we're sometimes interested in an awkward int eraction,or a smile,or a contemptuous glance,or maybe a very awkward wink,or handshake.你们知道的，我们有时会对一次尴尬的交流、微笑、轻蔑一瞥感兴趣，也有可能对尴尬的眨眼或握手感兴趣。
So what kind of body language am I talking about?那么，你们知道我说的是哪种肢体语言吗？I am interested in power dynamics--that is the nonverba l expressions of power and dominance.我对动力学感兴趣——这是权力和支配地位的非语言表达。
And what are nonverbal expressions of power and domin ance?那么，权力和支配地位的非语言表达是什么呢？Well,this is what they are.下面，我来阐述它们的含义。
2019年英语专业八级考试参考答案.doc
2019 年英语专业八级考试参考答案Part Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTURE1. signing2. primary3. literacy4. different but complementary5. avoiding6. many other contexts7. characteristics/features8. reaction9. distance10. emotion11. deliberate12. intimacy and immediacy13. continuum14. types of language15. the usageSECTION B INTERVIEW1. What is international leaders ’assessment of the current battle against Ebola?答案： B. Disheartening.2.How many people are now working in the treatment unit in Liberia?答案： A. 200.3.According to Mary, what is the challenge in the battle against Ebola?答案： D. Insufficient operational efforts on the ground.4.Why do health workers need case management protocol training?答案： B. They can open up more treatment units.5.What does this interview mainly talk about?答案： C. Ebola outpacing operational efforts.6.What is Tom ’s main role in his new position?答案： C. Using media information to inspire new ideas.7.According to Tom, what does innovation require of people?答案： B. Being brave and willing to take a risk8.What does Tom see as game-changing chances inthe future?答案： B. Aiming at a consumer level.9.What does Tom do first to deal with the toughestpart of his work?答案： D. Examining the future carefully.10.Which of the following might Tom work for?答案： A. A media agency.Part Ⅱ READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSPASSAGE ONE11. The first part of Para. 4 refers to the fact that .答案： [A] life there is quiet and slow12. “The lack of awareness” in Para. 5 refers to .答案：［ C］little knowledge of the beauty of the beach13. The author uses “gloriously ” in Para. 6 to.答案：［ C］contrast greenery with isolation14. The sentence “We never ate the same thing twice ” in Para. 10 reflects the of the seafood there.答案：［ D］variety15.Which of the following themes is repeated in bothParas.1 and 11?答案：［ A］Publicity.PASSAGE TWO16.It can be inferred from Paras.1 and 2 thatteachers used to .答案：［ D］teach extended reading in a perfunctory way17. The sentence“we all understand and instinctivelyfeel narrative structure” in Para.4 indicates that.答案：［ C］we are born story-tellers18.Samuel Johnson regards the relationship betweena writer and a reader as (Para.5).答案：［B］collaborative19. In Para.7, the author sees “pre - reading ”as the most important part of reading because .答案：［C］it can attract students ’attention20.“Textual Intervention ” suggested by Rob Pope (in Para. 8) is expected to fulfill all the following functionsEXCEPT.答案：［ C］stretching the imaginationPASSAGE THREE21. According to the author, comparable to“military training cultivate youngsters’“national service”” be cause they bothis答案：［B］self discipline22.The author cites the example of his father inorder to show .答案：［ A］the importance of discipline23. According to the author, a national service programcan bring the following benefit s to America’s youngsters EXCEPT.答案：［A］increase in income24. According to the context, what does “the fire ”refer to (Para. 14)?答案：［ B］Anger.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS( 说明：简答题答案不，意思对即可。
2019年专业英语八级真题及答案解析
D.It is changing our ways of living.
第18题
A.Protection of endangered animals’ habitats.
B.Negative human impact on the environment.
C.Humans are damaging the earth.
—e. g. athletes with arms up in a V sign
- feeling powerless:【T3】______【T3】______
—e. g. refusing to bump into the person nearby
- people´s behavior tends to become【T4】______【T4】______
- an experiment:
—procedure:
—adopting high- or low-power poses and completing items
—being given【T10】______【T10】______
—having saliva tested —results:
—【T11】______: much higher with high-power people【T11】______
2019年专业英语八级真题及答案解析
(1~15/共15题)PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. while listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but yon will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. when the lecture is over, yon will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.
最新2019专八真题
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2019)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT: 150 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN]SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and writeNO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now, listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear TWO interviews. At the end of each interview, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interviews and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWERSHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.Now, listen to the first interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the first interview.1. A. Environmental issues.B.Endangered species.C.Global warming.D.Conservation.2. A. It is thoroughly proved.B. it is definitely very serious.C. It is just a temporary variation.D. It is changing our ways of living.3. A. Protection of endangered animals* habitats.B. Negative human impact on the environment.C. Frequent abnormal phenomena on the earth.D. The woman’s indifferent attitude to the earth.4. A. Nature should take its course.B. People take things for granted.C. Humans are damaging the earth.D. Animals should stay away from zoos.5. A. Objective.B. Pessimistic.C. Skeptical.D. Subjective.Now, listen to the second interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on the second interview.6.A. Teachers’ resistance to change.B. Students’ inadequate ability to read.C. Teachers’ misunderstanding of such literacy.D. Students ’ indifference to the new method.7.A. Abilities to complete challenging tasks.B.Abilities to learn subject matter knowledge.C.Abilities to perform better in schoolwork.D.Abilities to perform disciplinary work.8.A. Recalling specific information.B. Understanding particular details.C. Examining sources of information.D. Retelling a historical event.9. A. Engaging literacy and disciplinary experts in the program.B. Helping teachers understand what disciplinary literacy is.C. Teaching disciplinary discourse practices by literacy teachers.D. Designing learning strategies with experts from both sides.10. A. To argue for a case.B. To discuss a dispute.C. To explain a problem.D. To present details.PART II READING COMPREHENSION [45 MIN]SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1)When it came to concealing his troubles, Tommy Wilhelm was not less capable than die next fellow. So at least he thought, and there was a certain amount of evidence to back him up. He had once been an actor^ no, not quite, an extra —and he knew what acting should be. Also, he was smoking a cigar, and when a man is smoking a cigar, wearing a hat, he has an advantage; it is harder to find out how he feels. He came from the twenty-third floor down to the lobby on the mezzanine to collect his mail before breakfast, and he believed^ he hoped — that he looked passably well: doing all right. It was a matter of sheer hope, because there was not much that he could add to his present effort. On the fourteenth floor he looked for his father to enter the elevator; they often met at this hour, on the way to breakfast. If he worried about his appearance it was mainlyfor his old father’s sake. But there was no stop on the fourteenth, and the elevator sank and sank. Then the smooth door opened and the great dark-red uneven carpet that covered the lobby billowed toward Wilhelm’s feet. In the foreground the lobby was dark, sleepy. French drapes like sails kept out the sun, but three high, narrow windows were open, and in the blue air Wilhelm saw a pigeon about to light on the great chain that supported the marquee of the movie house directly underneath the lobby. For one moment he heard the wings beating strongly.(2)Most of the guests at the Hotel Gloriana were past the age of retirement. Along Broadway in the Seventies, Eighties, and Nineties, a great part of New York’s vast population of old men and women lives. Unless the weather is too cold or wet they fill the benches about the tiny railed parks and along the subway gratings from Verdi Square to Columbia University, they crowd the shops and cafeterias, the dime stores, the tearooms, the bakeries, the beauty parlors, the reading rooms and club rooms. Among these old people at the Gloriana, Wilhelm felt out ofplace. He was comparatively young, in his middle forties, large and blond, with big shoulders; his back was heavy and strong, if already a little stooped or thickened. After breakfast the old guests sat down on the green leather armchairs and sofas in the lobby and began to gossip and look into the.papers; they had nothing to do but wait out the day. But Wilhelm was used to an active life and liked to go out energetically in the morning. And for several months, because he had no position, he had kept up his morale by rising early; he was shaved and in the lobby by eight o'clock. He bought the paper and some cigars and drank a Coca-Cola or two before he went in tobreakfast with his father. After breakfast 一out, out, out to attend to business. The getting out had in itselfbecome the chief business. But he had realized that he could not keep this up much longer, and today he was afraid. He was aware that his routine was about to break up and he sensed that a huge trouble long presaged (预感)but till now formless was due. Before evening, he'd know.(3)Nevertheless he followed his daily course and crossed the lobby.(4)Rubin, the man at the newsstand, had poor eyes. They may not have been actually weak but they were poor in expression, with lacy lids that furled down at the comers. He dressed well. It didn't seem necessary 一 he was behind the counter most of the time —but he dressed very well. He had on a rich brown suit; the cuffs embarrassed the hairs on his small hands. He wore a Countess Mara painted necktie. As Wilhelm approached, Rubin did not see him; he was looking out dreamily at the Hotel Ansonia, which was visible from his comer, several blocks away. The Ansonia, the neighborhood^ great landmark, was built by Stanford White. It looks like a baroque palace from Prague or Munich enlarged a hundred times, with towers, domes, huge swells and bubbles of metal gone green from exposure, iron fretwork and festoons. Black television antennae are densely planted on its round summits. Under the changes of weather it may look like marble or like sea water, black as slate in the fog, white as tufa in sunlight. This morning it looked like the image of itself reflectedin deep water, white and cumulous above, with cavernous distortions underneath. Together, the two men gazed at it.(5)Then Rubin .said，“Your dad is in to breakfast already, the old gentleman.”“Oh，yes? Ahead of me today?”‘nat’s a real knocked-out shirt you got on，’’ said Rubin. “Where’sit from，Saks?” “No, it’s a Jack Fagman —Chicago.”(6)Even when his spirits were low, Wilhelm could still wrinkle his forehead in a pleasing way. Some of the slow，silent movements of his face were very attractive. He went back astep, as if to stand away from himself and get a better look at his shirt. His glance was comic, a comment upon his untidiness. He liked to wear good clothes, but once he had put it on each article appeared to go its own way. Wilhelm, laughing，panted a little; his teeth were small; his cheeks when he laughed and puffed grew round, and he looked much younger than his years. In the old days when he was a college freshman and wore a beanie (无檐小帽）on his large blonde head his father used to say that，big as he was，he could charm a bird out of a tree. Wilhelm had great charm still.(7)“I like this dove-gray color,”he said in his sociable，good-natured way. “It isn’t washable. Youhave to send it to the cleaner. It never smells as good as washed. But it，s a nice shirt. It cost sixteen, eighteen bucks.*'11.Wilhelm hoped he looked all right on his way to the lobby because he wanted to _ .A.leave a good impressionB.give his father a surpriseC.show his acting potentialD.disguise his low spirit12.Wilhelm had something in common with the old guests in that they all .A.lived a luxurious lifeB.liked to swap gossipsC.idled their time awayD.liked to get up early13.How did Wilhelm feel when he was crossing the lobby (Para. 2)?A.He felt something ominous was coming.B.He was worried that his father was late.C.He was feeling at ease among the old.D.He was excited about a possible job offer.14.Which part of Rubin’s clothes made him look particularly awkward (Para. 4)?A.The necktie.B.The cuffs.C.The suit.D.The shirt.15.What can we learn from the author’s description of Wilhelm’s clothes?A.His shirt made him look better.B.He cared much about his clothes.C.He looked like a comedian in his shirt.D.The clothes he wore never quite matched.PASSAGE TWO(1)By the 1840s New York was the leading commercial city of the United States. It had long since outpaced Philadelphia as the largest city in the country, and even though Boston continued to be venerated as the cultural capital of the nation, its image had become somewhat languid; it had not kept up with the implications of the newly industrialized economy, of a diversified ethnic population, or of the rapidly rising middle class. New York was the place where the “new” America was coming into being, so it is hardly surprising that the modem newspaper had its birth there.(2)The penny paper had found its first success in New York. By the mid-1830s Ben Day s Sun was drawing readers from all walks of life. On the other hand, the Sun was a scanty sheet providing little more than minor diversions; few today would call it a newspaper at all. Day himself was an editor of limited vision, and he did not possess the ability or the imagination to climb the slopes to loftier heights. If real newspapers were to emerge from the public's demand for more and better coverage, it would have to come from a youthful generation of editors for whom journalism was a totally absorbing profession, an exacting vocational ideal rather than a mere offshoot of job printing.(3)By the 1840s two giants burst into the field, editors who would revolutionize journalism, would bring the newspaper into the modem age, and show how it could be influential in the national life. These two giants, neither of whom has been treated kindly by history, were James Gordon Bennett and Horace Greeley. Bennett founded his New York Herald in 1835, less than two years after the appearance of the Sun. Horace Greeley founded his Tribune in 1841. Bennett and Greeley were the most innovative editors in New York until after the Civil War. Their newspapers were the leading American papers of the day, although for completely different reasons. The two men despised each other, although not in the ways that newspaper editors had despised one another a few years before. Neither was a political hack bonded to a political party. Greeley fancied himself a public intellectual. He had strong political views, and he wanted to run for office himself, but party factotum he could never be; he bristled with ideals and causes of his own devising. Officially he was a Whig (and later a Republican), but he seldom gave comfort to his chosen party. Bennett, on the other hand, had long since cut his political ties, and although his paper covered local and national politics fully and he went after politicians with hammer and tongs, Bennett was a cynic, a distruster of all settled values. He did not regard himself as an intellectual, although in fact he was better educated than Greeley. He thought himself only a hard-boiled newspaperman. Greeley was interested in ideas and in what was happening to the country. Bennett was only interested in his newspaper. He wanted to find out what the news was, what people wanted to read. And when he found out he gave it to them.(4)As different as Bennett and Greeley were from each other they were also curiously alike. Both stood outside the circle of polite society, even when they became prosperous, and in Bennett’s case, wealthy. Both were incurable eccentrics. Neither was a gentleman. Neither conjured up the picture of a successful editor. Greeley was unkempt, always looking like an unmade bed. Even when he was nationally famous in the 1850s he resembled a clerk in a third-rate brokerage house, with slips of paper —marked-up proofs perhaps —hanging out of his pockets or stuck in his hat. He became fat, was always nearsighted, always peeringover spectacles. He spoke in a high-pitched whine Not a few people suggested that he looked e xactly like the illustrations of Charles Dickens’s Mr. Pickwick. Greeley provided a humorous description of himself, written under the pretense that it had been the work of his long-time adversary James Fenimore Cooper. The editor was, according to the description, a half-bald, long-legged, slouching individual “so rocking in gait that he walks down both sides of the street at once.”(5)The appearance of Bennett was somewhat different but hardly more reassuring.A shrewd, wiry Scotsman, who seemed to repel intimacy, Bennett looked around at theworld with a squinty glare of suspicion. His eyes did not focus right. They seemedto fix themselves on nothing and everything at the same time. He was as solitary asan oyster, the classic loner. He seldom made close friendships and few people trustedhim, although nobody who had dealings with him, however brief, doubted his abilities.He, too, could have come out of a book of Dickensian eccentrics, although perhaps Ebenezer Scrooge or Thomas Gradgrind comes to mind rather than the kindly old Mr. Pickwick. Greeley was laughed at but admired; Bennett was seldom laughed at but never admired; on the other hand, he had a hard professional competence and an encyclopedic knowledge of his adopted country, an in-depth learning uncorrupted by vague idealisms.All of this perfectly suited him for the journalism of this confusing age.(6)Both Greeley and Bennett had served long, humiliating and disappointing apprenticeships in the newspaper business. They took a long time getting to the top,the only reward for the long years of waiting being that when they had their own newspapers, both knew what they wanted and firmly set about getting it. When Greeley founded the Tribune in 1841 he had the strong support of the Whig party and had alreadyhad a short period of modest success as an editor. Bennett, older by sixteen years,found solid commercial success first, but he had no one behind him except himselfwhen he started up the Herald in 1835 in a dingy cellar room at 20 Wall Street. Fortunately this turned out to be quite enough.16.Which of the following is NOT the author’s opinion on Ben Day and his Sun (Para. 2)7A.Sun had once been a popular newspaper.B.Sun failed to be a high-quality newspaper.C.Ben Day lacked innovation and imagination.D.Ben Day had striven for better coverage.17.Which of the following statements is CORRECT about Greeley’s or Bennett’spolitical stance (Para. 3)7A.Greeley and Bennett were both strong supporters of their party.B.Greeley, as a Whig member, believed in his party’s ideals.C.Bennett, as an independent, loathed established values.D.Greeley and Bennett possessed different political values.18.Which of the following figures of speech was used to describe Greeley’s manner of walking (Para. 4)?A.Exaggeration.B.Paradox.C.Analogy.D.Personification.19.In Para. 5 Bennett was depicted as a man whoA.had stronger capabilities than GreeleyB.possessed a great aptitude for journalismC.was in pursuit of idealism in journalismD.was knowledgeable about his home country20.How was Greeley different from Bennett according to Para. 6?A.He had achieved business success first.B.He started his career earlier than Bennett.C.He got initial support from a political party.D.He had a more humiliating apprenticeship.PASSAGE THREE(1)Why make a film about Ned Kelly? More ingenious crimes than those committed by the reckless Australian bandit are reported every day. What is there in Ned Kelly to justify dragging the mesmeric Mick Jagger so far into the Australian bush and away from his natural haunts? The answer is that the film makers know we always fall for a bandit, and Jagger is set to do for bold Ned Kelly what Brando once did for the arrogant Emiliano Zapata.(2) A bandit inhabits a special realm of legend where his deeds are embroidered by others; where his death rather than his life is considered beyond belief; where the men who bring him to “justice” are afflicted with doubts about their role.(3)The bandits had a role to play as definite as that of the authorities who condemned them. These were men in conflict with authority, and, in the absence of strong law or the idea of loyal opposition, they took to the hills. Even there, however, many of them obeyed certain unwritten rules(4)These robbers, who claimed to be something more than mere thieves, had in common, firstly, a sense of loyalty and identity with the peasants they came from. They didn't steal the peasant’s harvest; they did steal the lord’s.(5)And certain characteristics seem to apply to “social bandits’’ whether they were in Sicily or Peru. They were generally young men under the age of marriage, predictably the best age for dissidence. Some were simply the surplus male population who had to look for another source of income; others were runaway serfs or ex-soldiers; a minority, though the most interesting, were outstanding men who were unwilling to accept the meek and passive role of peasant.(6)They usually operated in bands between ten and twenty strong and relied for survival on difficult terrain and bad transport. And bandits prospered best where authority was merely local —over the next hill and they were free. Unlike the general run of peasantry they had a taste for flamboyant dress and gesture; but they usually shared the peasants’ religious beliefs and superstitions.(7)The first sign of a man caught up in the Robin Hood syndrome was when he started out, forced into outlawry as a victim of injustice; and when he then set out to “right wrongs”, first his own and then other people’s. The classic bandit then “takes from the rich and gives to the poor” in conformity with his own sense of social injustice; he never kills except in self-defense or justifiable revenge; he stays within his community and even returns to it if he can to take up an honorable place; his people admire and help to protect him; he dies through the treason of one of them; he behaves as if invisible and invulnerable; he is a “loyalist”, never the enemy of the king but only of the local oppressors.(8)None of die bandits lived up fully to this image of the “noble robber” and for many the claim of larger motives was often a delusion.(9)Yet amazingly, many of these violent men did behave at least half the time in accordance with this idealist pattern. Pancho Villa in Mexico and Salvatore Giuliano in Italy began their careers harshly victimized. Many of their charitable acts later became legends.(10)Far from being defeated in de ath, bandits’ reputation for invincibility was often strengthened by the manner of their dying. The “dirty little coward” who shot Jesse James in the back is in every ballad about him, and the implication is that nothing else couldhave brought Jesse down. Even when the police claimed the credit, as they tried to do at first with Giuliano’s death, the local people refused to believe it. And not just the bandit’s vitality prompts the people to refuse to believe that their hero has died; his death would be in some way the death of hope.(11)For the traditional ‘‘noble robber” represents an extremely primitive form of social protest, perhaps the most primitive there is. He is an Individual who refuses to bend his back, that is all. Most protesters will eventually be bought over and persuaded to come to terms with the official power. That is why the few who do not, or who are believed to have remained uncontaminated, have so great and passionate a burden of admiration and longing laid upon them. They cannot abolish oppression. But they do prove that justice is possible, that poor men need not be humble, helpless and meek.(12)The bandit in the real world is rooted in peasant society and when its simple agricultural system is left behind so is he. But the tales and legends, the books and films continue to appear for an audience that is neither peasant nor bandit. In some ways the characters and deeds of the great bandits could so readily be the stuff of grand opera - Don Jose in “Carmen”is based on the Andalusian bandit El Empranillo. But they are perhaps more at home in folk songs, in popular tales and the ritual dramas of films. When we sit in the darkness of the cinema to watch the bold deeds of Ned Kelly we are caught up in admiration for their strong individuality, their simple gesture of protest, their passion for justice and their confidence that they cannot be beaten. This sustains us nearly as much as it did the almost hopeless people from whom they sprang.21.Which of the following words is NOT intended to suggest approval of bandits?A.Bold (Para. 1).B.Claimed (Para. 4).C.Legend (Para. 2).D.Loyalty (Para. 4).22. Of the following reasons which is the LEAST likely one for becoming bandits?A.They liked theatrical clothes and behavior.B.They wanted to help the poor country folk.C.They were unwilling to accept injustice.D.They had very few careers open to them.23. ....began their careers harshly victimized” (Para. 9) means that they .A.had received excessive ill-treatmentB.were severely punished for their crimesC.took to violence through a sense of injusticeD.were misunderstood by their parents and friends24. What has made bandits suitable as film heroes is that they .A.are sure they are invincibleB.possess a theatrical qualityC.retain the virtues of a peasant societyD.protest against injustice and inequalitySECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer each question in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO. PASSAGE ONE25.In and there was a certain amount of evidence to back him up (Para. 1)”, what does“evidence” refer to?26.What is Wilhelm’s characteristic that has never changed all those years accordingto Para. 6?PASSAGE TWO27.Summarize in your own words the meaning of the italicized part in the last sentenceof Para. 2.28.What does but he seldom gave comfort to his chosen party”mean according to the context(Para. 3)?29.What is the similarity between Bennett and Greeley according to Paras. 4 and 5?PASSAGE THREE30.Write down TWO features of the idealist pattern. (Para 9)31.Wha t does “hope” mean according to the context? (Para 10)32.What does “He is an individual who refuses to bend his back” mean? (Para 11)PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [15 MIN]The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:PART IV TRANSLATION [20 MIN]Translate the following text from Chinese into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.白洋淀曾有 " 北国江南 " 的说法，但村舍的形制自具特色，与江南截然不同。
2019年英语专八考试真题答案解析
完整文字版PARTI SECTIONA0.If you want to pass the grade 8 exam1.at one time, add 5691290001.Power and dominance2.stretch out3.close upmplementing other people5.experessingpower6.thoughts and felings7.minds andhormones8.assertive optimistic confident9.dominance and stress10.opportunitg to gamble11.risk to lerance12.stress hormone.13.stressreactive14.change our outcomes15.do the bestPART I SECTIONB1-5CCBAC6-10CDCACPART II SECTIONA11-15 DCABB16-20DCABC21-24 BACDPART ll SECTIONB25.He knew how to act and conceal his feelings26.He could disguise his low spirit27.Journalism I need prolessional persons withgreat aptitude28.Greeley was seldom believed in his party29.They were both incurable eccentrics30.Only take from rich and only kill for justice31.The hope of fighting against injustice32.He protests against injustice and neversurrenders33.0.If you want to pass the grade 8 exam at one time, add 569129000PARTIII1is后加that2.more 后加is3though 后去is4at 改in5.required 改requires6.final 改lastnguage 去掉8.away 去掉9.but 后加it10.to 改andPART IVBaiyangdian was once mentioned as "Jiangnan in the North of China ",but the shape of it's cottages has its own characteristics which is totally different from that of the southof the Yangtze river,lt's rainy in the south and houses there have sloping roofs. The cottages here are different, with the roof a place to dry the grain Every time in history when there was flood,villagers had to move their belongings to the roof. 0.If you want to pass the grade 8 exam at one time, add 569129000The houses are so dose that some of the roofs are against connected to each other.。
2019年英语专业八级真题听力 Mini-lecture(1)
Body Language and Mind肢体语言和意识Good morning,everyone.大家早上好。
In today's lecture,I'd like to focus on how our body langu age reveals who we are.在今天的课上，我主要来讲讲我们的肢体语言如何揭示出我们是什么样的人。
We're really fascinated with body language,and particula rly interested in other people's bodylanguage.我们对肢体语言十分感兴趣，尤其是其他人的肢体语言。
You know,we're sometimes interested in an awkward int eraction,or a smile,or a contemptuous glance,or maybe a very awkward wink,or handshake.你们知道的，我们有时会对一次尴尬的交流、微笑、轻蔑一瞥感兴趣，也有可能对尴尬的眨眼或握手感兴趣。
So what kind of body language am I talking about?那么，你们知道我说的是哪种肢体语言吗？I am interested in power dynamics--that is the nonverba l expressions of power and dominance.我对动力学感兴趣——这是权力和支配地位的非语言表达。
And what are nonverbal expressions of power and domin ance?那么，权力和支配地位的非语言表达是什么呢？Well,this is what they are.下面，我来阐述它们的含义。
19年专八真题答案及解析
19年专八真题答案及解析作为一项全国范围内的英语水平测试，专八考试对于广大学习英语的人来说具有重要意义。
而每年的考试真题和解析对于备考的学生来说尤为重要。
因此，本文将为大家详细解析19年专八真题，帮助大家更好地了解考试形式和答题技巧。
第一部分：听力（共20小题）专八听力部分是整个考试的第一部分，也是考生们要冲刺的重点之一。
19年的考试中，听力部分延续了以往的传统题型，包括听对话、短文和长对话等。
而本次考试共有20个小题，要求考生根据听到的内容选择正确的答案。
在备考听力时，重点是提高对听力文本的理解能力和抓住关键信息的能力。
对于这些题型，可以多听一些英语广播或者录音，培养对口语的听感，提高听力的适应性。
同时，还要注意听力的速度和节奏，提高自己的反应速度。
第二部分：阅读（共20小题）阅读部分是专八考试的第二大部分，同样也是备考过程中的重点之一。
19年专八的阅读部分分为3个不同的篇章，考察的内容涵盖了国内外热点话题，如教育、科技、文化等。
这对于考生来说既是一次对自己英文阅读能力的检测，也是对时事热点的了解。
在备考阅读时，可以多阅读一些英文报纸、杂志和文章，提高自己的英文阅读理解能力。
同时，还要注意积累一些常见的词汇和短语，以便更好地理解文章的含义。
此外，还可以做一些相关的题目练习，提高解题的速度和准确率。
第三部分：写作（共2题）写作部分是专八考试的最后一部分，也是考生最需要发挥自己英文写作能力的地方。
19年的专八写作题目非常贴近生活，第一题要求写一篇关于环境保护的短文，第二题则要求对社交网络的影响进行评述。
在备考写作时，重点是提高自己的英文写作能力和逻辑思维能力。
要多写一些英文短文和文章，提高自己的表达能力。
同时，还要注意提升自己的逻辑思维能力，培养构思和组织文章的能力。
此外，掌握一些常用的句型和词汇也是很重要的。
综上所述，19年的专八考试既有传统的听力和阅读部分，也增加了写作部分。
备考时要注重提高听力和阅读的理解能力，扩大词汇量和阅读频率。
2019年专业英语八级考试真题
2019年专业英语⼋级考试真题2019年专业英语⼋级考试真题PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now, listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear TWO interviews. At the end of each interview, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interviews and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWERSHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.Now, listen to the first interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the first interview.1. A. Environmental issues.B.Endangered species.C.Global warming.D.Conservation.2. A. It is thoroughly proved.B. it is definitely very serious.C. It is just a temporary variation.D. It is changing our ways of living.3. A. Protection of endangered animals* habitats.B. Negative human impact on the environment.C. Frequent abnormal phenomena on the earth.D. The woman’s indifferent attitude to the earth.4. A. Nature should take its course.B. People take things for granted.C. Humans are damaging the earth.D. Animals should stay away from zoos.5. A. Objective.B. Pessimistic.C. Skeptical.D. Subjective.Now, listen to the second interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on the second interview.6.A. Teachers’ resistance to change.B. Students’ inadequate ability to read.C. Teachers’ misunderstanding of such literacy.D. Students ’ indifference to the new method.7.A. Abilities to complete challenging tasks.B.Abilities to learn subject matter knowledge.C.Abilities to perform better in schoolwork.D.Abilities to perform disciplinary work.8.A. Recalling specific information.B. Understanding particular details.C. Examining sources of information.D. Retelling a historical event.9. A. Engaging literacy and disciplinary experts in the program.B. Helping teachers understand what disciplinary literacy is.C. Teaching disciplinary discourse practices by literacy teachers.D. Designing learning strategies with experts from both sides.10. A. To argue for a case.B. To discuss a dispute.C. To explain a problem.D. To present details.PART II READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1)When it came to concealing his troubles, Tommy Wilhelm was not less capable than die next fellow. So at least he thought, and there was a certain amount of evidence to back him up. He had once been an actor^ no, not quite, an extra —and he knew what acting should be. Also, he was smokinga cigar, and when a man is smoking a cigar, wearing a hat, he has an advantage; it is harder to find out how he feels. He came from the twenty-third floor down to the lobby on the mezzanine to collect his mail before breakfast, and he believed^ he hoped — that he looked passably well: doing all right. It was a matter of sheer hope, because there was not much that he could add to his present effort. On the fourteenth floor he looked for his father to enter the elevator; they often met at this hour, on the way to breakfast. If he worried about his appearance it was mainly for his old father’s sake. But there was no stop on the fourteenth, and the elevator sank and sank. Then the smooth door opened and the great dark-red uneven carpet that covered the lobby billowed toward Wilhelm’s feet. In the foreground the lobby was dark, sleepy. French drapes like sails kept out the sun, but three high, narrow windows were open, and in the blue air Wilhelm saw a pigeon about to light on the great chain that supported the marquee of the movie house directly underneath the lobby. For one moment he heard the wings beating strongly.(2)Most of the guests at the Hotel Gloriana were past the age of retirement. Along Broadway in the Seventies, Eighties, and Nineties, a great part of New York’s vast population of old men and women lives. Unless the weather is too cold or wet they fill the benches about the tiny railed parks and along the subway gratings from Verdi Square to Columbia University, theycrowd the shops and cafeterias, the dime stores, the tearooms, the bakeries, the beauty parlors, the reading rooms and club rooms. Among these old people at the Gloriana, Wilhelm felt out ofplace. He was comparatively young, in his middle forties, large and blond, with big shoulders; his back was heavy and strong, if already a little stooped or thickened. After breakfast the old guests sat down on the green leather armchairs and sofas in the lobby and began to gossip and look into the.papers; they had nothing to do but wait out the day. But Wilhelm was used to an active life and liked to go out energetically in the morning. And for several months, because he had no position, he had kept up his morale by rising early; he was shaved and in the lobby by eight o'clock. He bought the paper and some cigars and drank a Coca-Cola or two before he went in tobreakfast with his father. After breakfast ⼀ out, out, out to attend to business. The getting out had in itselfbecome the chief business. But he had realized that he could not keep this up much longer, and today he was afraid. He was aware that his routine was about to break up and he sensed that a huge trouble long presaged (预感)but till now formless was due. Before evening, he'd know.(3)Nevertheless he followed his daily course and crossed the lobby.(4)Rubin, the man at the newsstand, had poor eyes. They may not have been actually weak but they were poor in expression, with lacy lids that furled down at the comers. He dressed well. It didn't seem necessary ⼀ he was behind the counter most of the time — but he dressed very well. He had on a rich brown suit; the cuffs embarrassed the hairs on his small hands. He wore a Countess Mara painted necktie. As Wilhelm approached, Rubin did not see him; he was looking out dreamily at the Hotel Ansonia, which was visible from his comer, several blocks away. The Ansonia, the neighborhood^ great landmark, was built by Stanford White. It looks like a baroque palace from Prague or Munich enlarged a hundred times, with towers, domes, huge swells and bubbles of metal gone green from exposure, iron fretwork and festoons. Black television antennae are densely planted on its round summits. Under the changes of weather it may look like marble or like sea water, black as slate in the fog, white as tufa in sunlight. This morning it looked like the imageof itself reflected in deep water, white and cumulous above, with cavernous distortions underneath. Together, the two men gazed at it.(5)Then Rubin .said，“Your dad is in to breakfast already, the old gentleman.”“Oh，yes? Ahead of me today?”‘nat’s a real knocked-out shirt you got on，’’ said Rubin. “Where’s it from，Saks?”“No, it’s a Jack Fagman — Chicago.”(6)Even when his spirits were low, Wilhelm could still wrinkle his forehead in a pleasing way. Some of the slow，silent movements of his face were very attractive. He went back a step, as if to stand away from himself and get a better look at his shirt. His glance was comic, a comment upon his untidiness. He liked to wear good clothes, but once he had put it on each article appeared to go its own way. Wilhelm, laughing，panted a little; his teeth were small; his cheeks when he laughed and puffed grew round, and he looked much younger than his years. In the old days when he was a college freshman and wore a beanie (⽆檐⼩帽）on his large blonde head his father used to say that，big as he was，he could charm a bird out of a tree. Wilhelm had great charm still.(7)“I like this dove-gray color,” he said in his sociable，good-natured way. “It isn’t washable. Youhave to send it to the cleaner. It never smells as good as washed. But it，s a nice shirt. It cost sixteen, eighteen bucks.*'11.Wilhelm hoped he looked all right on his way to the lobby because he wanted to _ .A.leave a good impressionB.give his father a surpriseC.show his acting potentialD.disguise his low spirit12.Wilhelm had something in common with the old guests in that they all .A.lived a luxurious lifeB.liked to swap gossipsC.idled their time awayD.liked to get up early13.How did Wilhelm feel when he was crossing the lobby (Para. 2)?A.He felt something ominous was coming.B.He was worried that his father was late.C.He was feeling at ease among the old.D.He was excited about a possible job offer.14.Which part of Rubin’s clothes made him look particularly awkward (Para. 4)?A.The necktie.B.The cuffs.C.The suit.D.The shirt.15.What can we learn from the author’s description of Wilhelm’s clothes?A.His shirt made him look better.B.He cared much about his clothes.C.He looked like a comedian in his shirt.D.The clothes he wore never quite matched.PASSAGE TWO(1)By the 1840s New York was the leading commercial city of the United States. It had long since outpaced Philadelphia as the largest city in the country, and even though Boston continued to be venerated as the cultural capital of the nation, its image had become somewhat languid; it had not kept up with the implications of the newly industrialized economy, of a diversified ethnic population, or of the rapidly rising middle class. New York was the place where the “new” America was coming into being, so it is hardly surprising that the modem newspaper had its birth there.(2)The penny paper had found its first success in New York. By the mid-1830s Ben Day s Sun was drawing readers from all walks of life. On the other hand, the Sun was a scanty sheet providing little more than minor diversions; few today would call it a newspaper at all. Day himself was an editor of limited vision, and he did not possess the ability or the imagination to climb the slopes to loftier heights. If real newspapers were to emerge from the public's demand for more and better coverage, it would have to come from a youthful generation of editors for whom journalism was a totally absorbing profession, an exacting vocational ideal rather than a mere offshoot of job printing.(3)By the 1840s two giants burst into the field, editors who would revolutionize journalism, would bring the newspaper into the modem age, and show how it could be influential in the national life. These two giants, neither of whom has been treated kindly by history, were James Gordon Bennett and Horace Greeley. Bennett founded his New York Herald in 1835, less than two years after the appearance of the Sun. Horace Greeley founded his Tribune in 1841. Bennett and Greeley were the most innovative editors in New York until after the Civil War. Their newspapers were the leading American papers of the day, although for completely different reasons. The two men despised each other, although not in the ways that newspaper editors had despised one another a few years before. Neither was a political hack bonded to a political party. Greeley fancied himself a public intellectual. He had strong political views, and he wanted to run for office himself, but party factotum he could never be; he bristled with ideals and causes of his own devising. Officially he was a Whig (and later a Republican), but he seldom gave comfort to his chosen party. Bennett, on the other hand, had long since cut his political ties, and although his paper covered local and national politics fully and he went after politicians with hammer and tongs, Bennett was a cynic, a distruster of all settled values. He did not regard himself as an intellectual, although in fact he was better educated than Greeley. He thought himself only a hard-boiled newspaperman. Greeley was interested in ideas and in what was happening to the country. Bennett was only interested in his newspaper. He wanted to find out what the news was, what people wanted to read. And when he found out he gave it to them.(4)As different as Bennett and Greeley were from each other they were also curiously alike. Both stood outside the circle of polite society, even when they became prosperous, and in Bennett’s case, wealthy. Both were incurable eccentrics. Neither was a gentleman. Neither conjured upthe picture of a successful editor. Greeley was unkempt, always looking like an unmade bed. Even when he was nationally famous in the 1850s he resembled a clerk in a third-rate brokerage house, with slips of paper — marked-up proofs perhaps — hanging out of his pockets or stuck in his hat. He became fat, was always nearsighted, always peering over spectacles. He spoke in a high-pitched whine Not a few people suggested that he looked exactly like the illustrations of Charles Dickens’s Mr. Pickwick. Greeley provided a humorous description of himself, written under the pretense that it had been the work of his long-time adversary James Fenimore Cooper. The editor was, according to the description, a half-bald, long-legged, slouching individual “so rocking in gait that he walks down both sides of the street at once.”(5)The appearance of Bennett was somewhat different but hardly more reassuring. A shrewd, wiry Scotsman, who seemed to repel intimacy, Bennett looked around at the world with a squinty glare of suspicion. His eyes did not focus right. They seemed to fix themselves on nothing and everything at the same time. He was as solitary as an oyster, the classic loner. He seldom made close friendships and few people trusted him, although nobody who had dealings with him, however brief, doubted his abilities. He, too, could have come out of a book of Dickensian eccentrics, although perhaps Ebenezer Scrooge or Thomas Gradgrind comes to mind rather than the kindly old Mr. Pickwick. Greeley was laughed at but admired; Bennett was seldom laughed at but never admired; on the other hand, he had a hard professional competence and an encyclopedic knowledge of his adopted country, an in-depth learning uncorrupted by vague idealisms. All of this perfectly suited him for the journalism of this confusing age.(6)Both Greeley and Bennett had served long, humiliating and disappointing apprenticeships in the newspaper business. They took a long time getting to the top, the only reward for the long years of waiting being that when they had their own newspapers, both knew what they wanted and firmly set about getting it. When Greeley founded the Tribune in 1841 he had the strong support of the Whig party and had already had a short period of modest success as an editor. Bennett, older by sixteen years, found solid commercial success first, but he had no one behind him except himself when he started up the Herald in 1835 in a dingy cellar room at 20 Wall Street. Fortunately this turned out to be quite enough.16.Which of the following is NOT the author’s opinion on Ben Day and his Sun (Para. 2)7A.Sun had once been a popular newspaper.B.Sun failed to be a high-quality newspaper.C.Ben Day lacked innovation and imagination.D.Ben Day had striven for better coverage.17.Which of the following statements is CORRECT about Greeley’s or Bennett’s political stance (Para. 3)7A.Greeley and Bennett were both strong supporters of their party.B.Greeley, as a Whig member, believed in his party’s ideals.C.Bennett, as an independent, loathed established values.D.Greeley and Bennett possessed different political values.18.Which of the following figures of speech was used to describe Greeley’s manner of walking(Para. 4)?A.Exaggeration.B.Paradox.C.Analogy.D.Personification.19.In Para. 5 Bennett was depicted as a man whoA.had stronger capabilities than GreeleyB.possessed a great aptitude for journalismC.was in pursuit of idealism in journalismD.was knowledgeable about his home country20.How was Greeley different from Bennett according to Para. 6?A.He had achieved business success first.B.He started his career earlier than Bennett.C.He got initial support from a political party.D.He had a more humiliating apprenticeship.PASSAGE THREE(1)Why make a film about Ned Kelly? More ingenious crimes than those committed by the reckless Australian bandit are reported every day. What is there in Ned Kelly to justify dragging the mesmeric Mick Jagger so far into the Australian bush and away from his natural haunts? The answer is that the film makers know we always fall for a bandit, and Jagger is set to do for bold Ned Kelly what Brando once did for the arrogant Emiliano Zapata.(2) A bandit inhabits a special realm of legend where his deeds are embroidered by others; where his death rather than his life is considered beyond belief; where the men who bring him to “justice”are afflicted with doubts about their role.(3)The bandits had a role to play as definite as that of the authorities who condemned them. These were men in conflict with authority, and, in the absence of strong law or the idea of loyal opposition, they took to the hills. Even there, however, many of them obeyed certain unwritten rules(4)These robbers, who claimed to be something more than mere thieves, had in common, firstly,a sense of loyalty and identity with the peasants they came from. They didn't steal the peasant’s harvest; they did steal the lord’s.(5)And certain characteristics seem to apply to “social bandits’’ whether they were in Sicily or Peru. They were generally young men under the age of marriage, predictably the best age for dissidence. Some were simply the surplus male population who had to look for another source of income; others were runaway serfs or ex-soldiers; a minority, though the most interesting, were outstanding men who were unwilling to accept the meek and passive role of peasant.(6)They usually operated in bands between ten and twenty strong and relied for survival on difficult terrain and bad transport. And bandits prospered best where authority was merely local — over the next hill and they were free. Unlike the general run of peasantry they had a tastefor flamboyant dress and gesture; but they usually shared the peasants’ religious beliefs and superstitions.(7)The first sign of a man caught up in the Robin Hood syndrome was when he started out, forced into outlawry as a victim of injustice; and when he then set out to “right wrongs”, first his own and then other people’s. The classic bandit then “takes from the rich and gives to the poor”in conformity with his own sense of social injustice; he never kills except in self-defense or justifiable revenge; he stays within his community and even returns to it if he can to take up an honorable place; his people admire and help to protect him; he dies through the treason of one of them; he behaves as if invisible and invulnerable; he isa “loyalist”, never the enemy of the king but only of the local oppressors.(8)None of die bandits lived up fully to this image of the “noble robber” and for many the claim of larger motives was often a delusion.(9)Yet amazingly, many of these violent men did behave at least half the time in accordance with this idealist pattern. Pancho Villa in Mexico and Salvatore Giuliano in Italy began their careers harshly victimized. Many of their charitable acts later became legends.(10)Far from being defeated in death, bandits’reputation for invincibility was often strengthened by the manner of their dying. The “dirty little coward” who shot Jesse James in the back is in every ballad about him, and the implication is that nothing else could have brought Jesse down. Even when the police claimed the credit, as they tried to do at first with Giuliano’s death, the local people refused to believe it. And not just the bandit’s vitality prompts the people to refuse to believe that their hero has died; his death would be in some way the death of hope.(11)For the traditional ‘‘noble robber” represents an extremely primitive form of social protest, perhaps the most primitive there is. He is an Individual who refuses to bend his back, that is all. Most protesters will eventually be bought over and persuaded to come to terms with the official power. That is why the few who do not, or who are believed to have remained uncontaminated, have so great and passionate a burden of admiration and longing laid upon them. They cannot abolish oppression. But they do prove that justice is possible, that poor men need not be humble, helpless and meek.(12)The bandit in the real world is rooted in peasant society and when its simple agricultural system is left behind so is he. But the tales and legends, the books and films continue to appear for an audience that is neither peasant nor bandit. In someways the characters and deeds of the great bandits could so readily be the stuff of grand opera - Don Jose in “Carmen” is based on the Andalusian bandit El Empranillo. But they are perhaps more at home in folk songs, in popular tales and the ritual dramas of films. When we sit in the darkness of the cinema to watch the bold deeds of Ned Kelly we are caught up in admiration for their strong individuality, their simple gesture of protest, their passion for justice and their confidence that they cannot be beaten. This sustains us nearly as much as it did the almost hopeless people from whom they sprang.21.Which of the following words is NOT intended to suggest approval of bandits?A.Bold (Para. 1).B.Claimed (Para. 4).C.Legend (Para. 2).D.Loyalty (Para. 4).22. Of the following reasons which is the LEAST likely one for becoming bandits?A.They liked theatrical clothes and behavior.B.They wanted to help the poor country folk.C.They were unwilling to accept injustice.D.They had very few careers open to them.23. ....began their careers harshly victimized” (Para. 9) means that they .A.had received excessive ill-treatmentB.were severely punished for their crimesC.took to violence through a sense of injusticeD.were misunderstood by their parents and friends24. What has made bandits suitable as film heroes is that they .A.are sure they are invincibleB.possess a theatrical qualityC.retain the virtues of a peasant societyD.protest against injustice and inequalitySECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer each question in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO. PASSAGE ONE25.In and there was a certain amount of evidence to back him up (Para. 1)”, what does “evidence”refer to?26.What is Wilhelm’s characteristic that has never changed all those years according to Para. 6?PASSAGE TWO27.Summarize in your own words the meaning of the italicized part in the last sentence of Para.2.28.What does but he seldom gave comfort to his chosen party” mean according to the context (Para.3)?29.What is the similarity between Bennett and Greeley according to Paras. 4 and 5? PASSAGE THREE30.Write down TWO features of the idealist pattern. (Para 9)31.What does “hope” mean according to the context? (Para 10)32.What does “He is an individual who refuses to bend his back” mean? (Para 11)PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThe passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:PART IV TRANSLATIONTranslate the following text from Chinese into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.⽩洋淀曾有 " 北国江南 " 的说法，但村舍的形制⾃具特⾊，与江南截然不同。
2019年全国商务英语专业八级考试听力答案
18、Why did the man decide to leave the college in his second term?
A.He didn’t like the big lecture classes.
B.He couldn’t afford further education.
A.At a bookshop.
B.At a kitchen.
C.At a bank.
4、Who was injured wife.
C.George’s wife’s father.
5、What do we learn from the conversation?
A.Angry.B.Surprised.C.Sad.
15、What size bag does the woman want?
A.A 24?inch bag.
B.A 29?inch bag.
C.A 32?inch bag.
16、When will the woman leave for Mexico?
一、 听力第一节(共5小题，每小题1分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的'相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1、Who is the man talking about now?
A.On August 17.
B.On August 20.
C.On August 25.
9、What do we know about the two speakers?
A.They will both enter the competition.
2019年英语专业八级真题听力 Interview(1)
M: Hey, Cathy, did you read this article in the magazine? I can't believe how much man is changing the planet.男：嘿，凯西，你看过杂志上的这篇文章了吗？我简直不敢相信人类改变了这个星球这么多。
W: Yeah, I had a look at it. Quite interesting I suppose if you believe that sort of thing.女：是的，我看了一眼。
我觉得很有趣，如果你相信那档子事的话。
M: What? What do you mean,"if you believe that sort of thing"? Are you saying you don't believe that we are damaging the planet?男：什么？你说的“如果你相信那档子事的话”是什么意思？你是说你不相信我们正在破坏这个星球吗？W: To be honest, Mark, not really.女：说实话，马克，不太相信。
M: What are you saying? Are you saying global warming isn't a fact, deforestation isn't a fact, the greenhouse effect isn't actually happening?男：你在说什么？你是说全球变暖不是事实，砍伐森林不是事实，温室效应也没有真的发生？W: Hey, calm down Mark. I just think too many people takethese things as being definitely true without knowing all the facts.女：嘿，马克，冷静点。
2019年专八真题听力理解Mini-lecture难点注释
2019年专八真题听力理解Mini-lecture难点注释2019 专八真题听力理解Mini-lecture 难点注释awkward尴尬的contemptuous鄙视的/ kən`temptʃuəs /wink 眨一只眼（尤指向某人使眼色）power dynamics权力动力学,权利机制, 权力分配nonverbal不用语言的dominance统治；支配stretch out(使) 平躺take up space占用空间open up畅所欲言finish line终点线close up 闭口不言bump into sb碰见某人complement与（某事物）结合（相辅相成）be powerful with sb 对某人强势mirror 相配, 相适合power nonverbal权力的非语言表达chronically长期地，习惯性地physiological生理的，生理机能的 / ,fɪziə`lɑdʒɪkl /in my case在我的这个例子中hormone荷尔蒙; 激素/ `hɔr,moʊn /assertive坚定而自信的/ ə`sɜrtɪv /a game of chance靠碰运气取胜的游戏abstractly抽象地/ˈæbstræktli/dominance hormone优势激素，强势激素stress hormone压力激素，逆境激素run an experiment进行实验high-power pose高能量姿势saliva /səˈlaɪvə/唾液risk tolerance风险承受力，风险容忍度，抗风险能力baseline（实验）基础数据configure配置stress-reactive 感到有压力的power posing强势肢体语言feel shut down觉得挫败stressful紧张的；有压力的evaluative situation评估性情境。
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M: Hey, Cathy, did you read this article in the magazine? I can't believe how much man is changing the planet.男：嘿，凯西，你看过杂志上的这篇文章了吗？我简直不敢相信人类改变了这个星球这么多。
W: Yeah, I had a look at it. Quite interesting I suppose if you believe that sort of thing.女：是的，我看了一眼。
我觉得很有趣，如果你相信那档子事的话。
M: What? What do you mean,"if you believe that sort of thing"? Are you saying you don't believe that we are damaging the planet?男：什么？你说的“如果你相信那档子事的话”是什么意思？你是说你不相信我们正在破坏这个星球吗？W: To be honest, Mark, not really.女：说实话，马克，不太相信。
M: What are you saying? Are you saying global warming isn't a fact, deforestation isn't a fact, the greenhouse effect isn't actually happening?男：你在说什么？你是说全球变暖不是事实，砍伐森林不是事实，温室效应也没有真的发生？W: Hey, calm down Mark. I just think too many people takethese things as being definitely true without knowing all the facts.女：嘿，马克，冷静点。
我只是觉得，太多人把这些事当作绝对真实的了，却并不知道全部事实。
M: You really don't think global warming is happening. You know they've said sea levels are going to rise by quite a few meters over the next fifty to a hundred years. Weather conditions are getting worse all over the world. Can you remember how many big hurricanes there have been in this country over the last few years? I think evidence is all around us.男：你真的不觉得全球变暖正在发生。
你知道的，他们说，在今后的50年到100年，海平面将要上涨数米。
全球的天气状况都在变差。
你还能想起，过去几年内这个国家经历了多少场大型飓风吗？我觉得证据就在我们身边。
W: I don't think we have enough information to be honest. We've only been measuring these things for around two or three hundred years. We have no idea what was happening 50,000 years ago. For all we know, this is just a natural blip, a kind of sudden but temporary change, in the whole climate cycle. I don't think we should change howwe're living just because of twenty years of abnormal measurements.女：说实话，我觉得我们并没有充足的信息。
我们只是测量了两三百年的这些数据。
我们并不知道5万年前发生了什么。
我们所知的就是，在整个气候循环里，这只是大自然的一段插曲、一种虽突然但短暂的改变。
我觉得我们不应该仅仅因为20年的反常测量结果而改变我们的生活方式。
M: And don't you think all the other effects we're having on the planet are destructive?男：那你不觉得所有对这个星球的其他影响是有破坏性的吗？W: What do you mean?女：你是什么意思？M: I mean, like, deforestation, overpopulation, threatening the existence of many endangered animals, pollution of the air and the seas... I mean, I could go on if you want!男：我的意思是，比如砍伐森林、人口过剩、威胁到许多濒危动物的生存、空气和海洋污染……我是说，如果你想的话，我可以继续说！W: No, no... I understand what you're saying and, yes, it's true that there are several problems worldwide caused byhuman influence. I think the destruction of the Amazon rainforest is really dangerous and it's something we could live to regret. I read somewhere that they were considered to be the "lungs of the planet" and there we are happily chopping it all down. And it would be a shame to lose some of those animals that may become extinct, you know, like the rhino or the panda. But I think we shouldn't interfere with nature. If they are going to become extinct, then we have to allow nature to take its course.女：不，不……我明白你说的话，是的，世界上的确有许多问题是由人类影响造成的。
我觉得亚马逊热带雨林的破坏真的很危险，我们对此悔恨终生。
我在什么地方读到过，说它们被认为是“地球之肺”，而我们却很开心地把它们全部砍掉。
而且失去了一些可能会灭绝的动物，你知道的，比如犀牛和熊猫，这太遗憾了。
但我认为我们不应该干预大自然。
如果它们要灭绝，那我们必须让大自然顺其自然。
M: You've just contradicted yourself in two sentences, Cathy. First you said it's bad that we're interfering with nature by destroying the rainforest and then...男：你说的两句话自相矛盾了，凯西。
你先说，我们通过破坏热带雨林来干预大自然，这是不好的，然后……W: That's not the same thing!女：这不是一回事！M: Well, of course it is! The only reason 99% of these animals are endangered is precisely because WE are threatening their habitats, either by chopping it down as you say or by expanding towns and farming into areas where these animals normally live and hunt. You can't destroy an animal's habitat and then turn around and say we can't interfere with nature to save it.男：这当然是！99%的这些动物濒临灭绝的唯一原因正是我们威胁到了它们的栖息地，要么就像你说的砍掉，要么扩大城镇规模、去这些动物通常居住和捕猎的地方耕作。
你不能毁掉一个动物的栖息地，然后转过来说，我们不能通过干预大自然来拯救它。
W: I don't think having twenty panda cubs in zoos around the world is a very smart way to save an animal. It's totally artificial and is cruel to the animals involved.女：我觉得全世界的动物园里有20个熊猫宝宝并不是一个拯救动物的聪明方法。
这完全是虚假的，而且对相关动物十分残忍。
M: I would go along with that, yes. The real solution is tosave the animal's original habitat...男：我赞同这个观点，对。
真正的解决方案是挽救动物的原始栖息地……This is the end of the first interview.第一个访谈到此结束。
Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard. 根据刚刚听到的内容，回答1至5题。
1. What do the speakers mainly talk about?1.说话人主要讲了什么？2. What does the woman think of global warming?2.这位女士是怎么看全球变暖的？3. What is the man mainly concerned about?3.这位男士主要担心什么？4. What do the speakers both agree about on the topic?4.针对这一话题，说话人都同意的观点是？5. What is the woman's attitude toward the topic?5.这位女士对这一话题的态度是？。