高考英语二轮复习 第一部分 专题增分练 课时29 并列句和状语从句(一)

课时29 并列句和状语从句（一）Ⅰ.阅读理解AAn electric signal can trick a monkey's brain into believing the animal's finger has been touched.Touch something， and your brain knows. The hand sends signals to the brain to announce contact was made. But that feeling of touch may not require making actual contact， tests on monkeys now show. Zapping brain cells can fool the animal into thinking its finger has touched something.A person who has lost a limb or become paralyzed may need an artificial limb to complete everyday tasks. But such patients may not truly feel any objects they hold. The new findings point toward one day creating a sense of touch in those who use such artificial limbs. Psychologist Sliman Bensmaia of the University of Chicago worked on the new tests. His team's findings appeared on October 14 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.The sense of touch is crucial to everyday tasks： People without it may have difficulty cracking an egg， lifting a cup or even turning a doorknob. That's why restoring it is a major goal for designers of artificial limbs.In their new study， Bensmaia and his co­workers worked with rhesus monkeys. The scientists implanted electrodes(电极)—small devices that can detect and relay an electrical signal—into the animals' brains. The scientists used the electrode data to identify which neurons had become active. Then the scientists used the implanted electrodes to zap those same neurons. And the monkeys reacted as though their fingers had been touched. In fact， they hadn't.The monkeys couldn't use words to tell the scientists what they had felt. Instead， they communicated by looking in a particular direction—just as when they had really been touched.The new findings show how touch­sensitive devices could be built. The new study also offers “a nice clear pathway” for figuring out how to restore a sense of touch to an amputee(被截肢者) or someone with a injury of spinal cord.The study shows how artificial limbs might be connected to the brain so that a person can “feel” with such a prosthesis(假肢). But such a supersensory device doesn't exist yet and scientists have a lot of work to do before people will benefit from it. Researchers must first figure out whether the electrodes would work in people in the same way they do in monkeys.“I think the foundation is laid for human trials，” Bensmaia said.[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了研究人员正在研制的一种触觉装置，这有可能让那些残疾人利用假肢来获得触觉。

1.What does the underline d word “it” refer to？A.The sense of touch.B.An artificial limb.C.The turning of a doorknob.D.The lifting of a cup.解析：代词指代题。

根据第四段中的“The sense of touch is crucial to everyday tasks：People without it may have difficulty cracking an egg，lifting a cup or even turning a doorknob”可知这里的it指的是前面的“The sense of touch”。

答案：A2.Bensmaia tested monkeys to prove that the feeling of touch ________.A.is important to everyday tasksB.may not require making actual contactC.is a problem of life and deathD.may be a challenge for designers of artificial limbs解析：推理判断题。

根据第五段中的“Then the scientists used the implanted electrodes to zap those same neurons.And the monkeys reacted as though their fingers had been touched.In fact，they h adn't”可知，B项正确。

答案：B3.The last sentence of the text suggests humans ________.A.will use touch­sensitive devicesB.will test monkeys soony foundations for monkey trialsD.will be tested on the electrodes解析：推理判断题。

结合最后一段“'I think the foundation is laid for human trials，'Bensmaia said”可知，Bensmaia认为进行人类试验的基础已经打好了，因此选D。

答案：D4.The passage is mainly about ________.A.restoring a sense of touchB.fooling a clever monkeyC.making new artificial limbsD.sending a signal with electrodes解析：主旨大意题。

本文主要介绍了关于恢复触觉的研究，还介绍了科学家们利用猴子进行这种触觉实验的情况。

因此A项符合主题。

答案：ABSummer is coming and the weather is heating up. Are you drinking enough water？Many kids aren't， according to a new study by Erica Kenney， a scientist at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health who originally planned to look into the amount of sugary drinks kids were consuming in schools. However， during her research she found many kids were not drinking enough water.Kenney examined data from a group of 4，000 children， ages 6 to 19， between 2012 and 2015. The data was taken from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey， a study on the health of children in America conducted each year by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.While looking through the survey results， she noticed more than half of the surveyed kids were dehydrated. Of that group， boys were 76% more likely than girls to have no enough water in their system. Nearly one quarter of the kids in the surveyreported drinking no water at all.“These findings are significant because they highlight a potential health issue not given much attention to before，” Kenney said in a statement. “This is not an immediate， dramatic health threat， but could really reduce quality of life and well­being for many children.”60% of the human body is made up of water. It regulates body temperature，delivers oxygen all over the body， assists in digestion， and performs various other tasks that keep our bodies healthy. Not drinking enough water can cause health problems like headaches and poor physical performance.Kenney says on average， kids need 10 to 14 cups of water every day. This water can come from foods containing high amounts of water， such as melons or tomatoes. Kids should drink water instead of sugary drinks that are high in calories and can cause weight problems.“The good news is that this is a public health problem with a simple solution，”said Steven Gortmaker.[语篇解读] 本文是说明文。