金融专业英语Lesson6_cn 租赁-商行中介业务
金融英语 Unit 6
Credit Risk Management
How to manage the credit risk ?
A
B
C
D
obtain certain basic information: the integrity ability to repay financial position, how much money purpose of the loan how long how to repay
Foreign Exchange Rate Risk Management
How to avoid the foreign exchange rate risk ?
Finance for the required amount and time in any currency
Sell in the forward market the inflow currency against the outflow currency for the specific dates when the inflows are expected
loan approval and
administration
procedures, and
appropriate loan
documentation
credit rationing refuse to make a loan of any amount to a borrower even if the borrower is willing to pay a higher interest rate make a loan but restricts the size of the loan to less than the borrower would like
经济金融术语中英文对照
经济金融术语中英文对照D (2)E (3)F (3)G (5)J (8)K (10)L (11)M (12)N (13)P (13)Q (14)R (15)W (15)X (16)Y (18)Z (19)D打白条 issue IOU大额存单 certificate of deposit（CD）大额提现 withdraw deposits in large amounts大面积滑坡 wide-spread decline大一统的银行体制（all-in-one）mono-bank system呆账（请见“坏账”） bad loans呆账准备金 loan loss reserves（provisions）呆滞贷款 idle loans贷款沉淀 non-performing loans贷款分类 loan classification贷款限额管理 credit control;to impose credit ceiling贷款约束机制 credit disciplinary（constraint）mechanism代理国库 to act as fiscal agent代理金融机构贷款 make loans on behalf of other institutions 戴帽贷款 ear-marked loans倒逼机制 reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition道德风险 moral hazard地区差别 regional disparity第一产业 the primary industry第二产业 the secondary industry第三产业 the service industry;the tertiary industry 递延资产 deferrable assets订货不足 insufficient orders定期存款 time deposits定向募集 raising funds from targeted sources东道国（请见“母国”） host country独立核算 independent accounting短期国债 treasury bills对冲操作 sterilization operation;hedging对非金融部门债权 claims on non-financial sector多种所有制形式 diversified ownershipE恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation二级市场 secondary marketF发行货币 to issue currency发行总股本 total stock issue法定准备金 required reserves;reserve requirement法人股 institutional shares法人股东 institutional shareholders法治 rule of law房地产投资 real estate investment放松银根 to ease monetary policy非现场稽核 off-site surveillance（or monitoring）非银行金融机构 non-bank financial institutions非赢利性机构 non-profit organizations分税制 assignment of central and local taxes;tax assignment system分业经营segregation of financial business （services）;division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions风险暴露（风险敞口） risk exposure风险管理 risk management风险意识 risk awareness风险资本比例 risk-weighted capital ratios风险资本标准 risk-based capital standard服务事业收入 public service charges;user's charges扶贫 poverty alleviation负增长 negative growth复式预算制double-entry budgeting;capital and current budgetary accountG改革试点 reform experimentation杠杆率 leverage ratio杠杆收购 leveraged buyout高息集资 to raise funds by offering high interest个人股 non-institutional shares根本扭转 fundamental turnaround（or reversal）公开市场操作 open market operations公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts公用事业 public utilities公有经济 the state-owned sector;the public sector公有制 public ownership工业成本利润率 profit-to-cost ratio工业增加值 industrial value added供大于求 supply exceeding demand;excessive supply鼓励措施 incentives股份合作企业 joint-equity cooperative enterprises股份制企业 joint-equity enterprises股份制银行 joint-equity banks固定资产贷款 fixed asset loans关税减免 tariff reduction and exemption关税减让 tariff concessions关税优惠 tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment规范行为 to regularize（or standardize）…behavior规模效益 economies of scale国计民生 national interest and people's livelihood国家对个人其他支出 other government outlays to individuals 国家风险 country risk国际分工 international division of labor国际收支 balance of payments国有独资商业银行 wholly state-owned commercial banks国有经济（部门） the state-owned（or public）sector国有企业 state-owned enterprises（SOEs）国有制 state-ownership国有资产流失 erosion of state assets国债回购 government securities repurchase国债一级自营商 primary underwriters of government securities 过度竞争 excessive competition过度膨胀 excessive expansionH合理预期 rational expectation核心资本 core capital合资企业 joint-venture enterprises红利 dividend宏观经济运营良好 sound macroeconomic performance宏观经济基本状况 macroeconomic fundamentals宏观调控 macroeconomic management（or adjustment）宏观调控目标 macroeconomic objectives（or targets）坏账 bad debt还本付息 debt service换汇成本unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings汇兑在途 funds in float汇兑支出 advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank汇率并轨 unification of exchange rates活期存款 demand deposits汇率失调 exchange rate misalignment混合所有制 diversified（mixed）ownership货币政策态势 monetary policy stance货款拖欠 overdue obligations to suppliers过热J基本建设投资 investment in infrastructure基本经济要素 economic fundamentals基本适度 broadly appropriate基准利率 benchmark interest rate机关团体存款 deposits of non-profit institutions机会成本 opportunity cost激励机制 incentive mechanism积压严重 heavy stockpile;excessive inventory挤提存款 run on banks挤占挪用 unwarranted diversion of（financial）resources（from designated uses）技改投资 investment in technological upgrading技术密集型产品 technology-intensive product计划单列市 municipalities with independent planning status 计划经济 planned economy集体经济 the collective sector加大结构调整力度 to intensify structural adjustment加工贸易 processing trade加快态势 accelerating trend加强税收征管稽查 to enhance tax administration加权价 weighted average price价格放开 price liberalization价格形成机制 pricing mechanism减亏 to reduce losses简化手续 to cut red tape;to simplify（streamline）procedures 交投活跃 brisk trading缴存准备金 to deposit required reserves结构扭曲 structural distortion结构失调 structural imbalance结构性矛盾突出 acute structural imbalance结构优化 structural improvement（optimization）结汇、售汇 sale and purchase of foreign exchange金融脆弱 financial fragility金融动荡 financial turbulence金融风波 financial disturbance金融恐慌 financial panic金融危机 financial crisis金融压抑 financial repression金融衍生物 financial derivatives金融诈骗 financial fraud紧缩银根 to tighten monetary policy紧缩政策 austerity policies;tight financial policies经常账户可兑换 current account convertibility经济特区 special economic zones（SEZs）经济体制改革 economic reform经济增长方式的转变 change in the main source of economic growth（from investment expansion to efficiency gains）经济增长减速 economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth 经济制裁 economic sanction经营自主权 autonomy in management景气回升 recovery in business activity境外投资 overseas investment竞争加剧 intensifying competition局部性金融风波 localized（isolated）financial disturbance 迹象 signs of overheatingK开办人民币业务 to engage in RMB business可维持（可持续）经济增长 sustainable economic growth可变成本 variable cost可自由兑换货币 freely convertible currency控制现金投放 control currency issuance扣除物价因素 in real terms;on inflation-adjusted basis库存产品 inventory跨国银行业务 cross-border banking跨年度采购 cross-year procurement会计准则 accounting standardL来料加工 processing of imported materials for export离岸银行业务 off-shore banking（business）理顺外贸体制 to rationalize foreign trade regime利率杠杆的调节作用 the role of interest rates in resource allocation利润驱动 profit-driven利息回收率 interest collection ratio联行清算 inter-bank settlement连锁企业 franchise（businesses）;chain businesses良性循环 virtuous cycle两极分化growing income disparity;polarization in income distribution零售物价指数 retail price index（RPI）流动性比例 liquidity ratio流动资产周转率/流通速度 velocity of liquid assets流动资金贷款 working capital loans流通体制 distribution system流通网络 distribution network留购（租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物） hire purchase垄断行业 monopolized industry（sector）乱集资 irregular（illegal）fund raising乱收费 irregular（illegal）charges乱摊派 unjustified（arbitrary）leviesM买方市场 buyer's market卖方市场 seller's market卖出回购证券 matched sale of repo贸易差额 trade balance民间信用 non-institutionalized credit免二减三 exemption of income tax for the first two years ofmaking profit and 50% tax reduction for thefollowing three years明补 explicit subsidy明亏 explicit loss名牌产品 brand products母国（请见“东道国”） home countryN内部控制 internal control内部审计 internal audit内地与香港 the mainland and Hong Kong内债 domestic debt扭亏为盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources 农副产品采购支出 outlays for agricultural procurement农村信用社 rural credit cooperatives（RCCs）P泡沫效应 bubble effect泡沫经济 bubble economy培育新的经济增长点 to tap new sources of economic growth 片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit of growth平衡发展 balanced development瓶颈制约 bottleneck（constraints）平稳回升 steady recovery铺底流动资金 initial（start-up）working capital普遍回升 broad-based recovery配套改革 concomitant（supporting）reforms配套人民币资金 lQ企业办社会 enterprises burdened with social responsibilities 企业集团战略 corporate group strategy企业兼并重组 company merger and restructuring企业领导班子 enterprise management企业所得税 enterprise（corporate）income tax企业效益 corporate profitability企业资金违规流入股市 irregular flow of enterprise funds into the stock market欠税 tax arrears欠息 overdue interest强化税收征管 to strengthen tax administration强制措施 enforcement action翘尾因素 carryover effect切一刀 partial application清理收回贷款 clean up and recover loans（破产）清算 liquidation倾斜政策 preferential policy区别对待 differential treatment趋势加强 intensifying trend全球化 globalization权益回报率 returns on equity（ROE）缺乏后劲 unsustainable momentumR绕规模贷款 to circumvent credit ceiling人均国内生产总值 per capita GDP人均收入 per capita income人民币升值压力 upward pressure on the Renminbi（exchange rate）认缴资本 subscribed capital软贷款 soft loans软预算约束 soft budget constraint软着陆 soft landingocal currency funding of…W外部审计 external audit外国直接投资 foreign direct investment （FDI）外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves外汇调剂 foreign exchange swap外汇占款 the RMB counterpart of foreign exchange reserves;the RMB equivalent of offcial foreign exchange holdings外向型经济 export-oriented economy外债 external debt外资企业 foreign-funded enterprises完善现代企业制度 to improve the modern enterprise system 完税凭证 tax payment documentation违法经营 illegal business委托存款 entrusted deposits稳步增长 steady growth稳健的银行系统 a sound banking system稳中求进 to make progress while ensuring stability无纸交易 book-entry（or paperless/scriptless）transaction 物价监测 price monitoringX吸纳流动性 to absorb liquidity稀缺经济 scarcity economy洗钱 money laundering系统内调度 fund allocation within a bank系统性金融危机 systemic financial crisis下岗工人 laid-off employees下游企业 down-stream enterprises现场稽核 on-site examination现金滞留（居民手中） cash held outside the banking system 乡镇企业 township and village enterprises（TVEs）消费物价指数 consumer price index（CPI）消费税 excise（consumption）tax消灭财政赤字to balance the budget;to eliminate fiscal deficit销货款回笼 reflow of corporate sales income to the banking system销售平淡 lackluster sales协议外资金额 committed amount of foreign investment新经济增长点 new sources of economic growth新开工项目 new projects;newly started projects新增贷款 incremental credit; loan increment; credit growth; credit expansion新增就业位置 new jobs;new job opportunities信贷规模考核 review the compliance with credit ceilings信号失真 distorted signals信托投资公司 trust and investment companies信息不对称 information asymmetry信息反馈 feedback（information）信息共享系统 information sharing system信息披露 information disclosure信用扩张 credir expansion信用评级 credit rating姓“资”还是姓“社”pertaining to socialism or capitalism;socialist orcaptialist行政措施 administrative measures需求膨胀 demand expansion; excessive demand虚伪存款 window-dressing deposits削减冗员 to shed excess labor force寻租 rent seeking迅速反弹 quick reboundY养老基金 pension fund一刀切universal application;non-discretionary implementation一级市场 primary market应收未收利息 overdue interest银行网点 banking outlets赢利能力 profitability营业税 business tax硬贷款（商业贷款） commercial loans用地审批 to grant land use right有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate证券投资 portfolio investment游资（热钱） hot money有市场的产品 marketable products有效供给 effective supply诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion 逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans与国际惯例接轨to become compatible with internationally accepted与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market预算外支出（收入） off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure （revenue）预调 pre-emptive adjustment月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basisZ再贷款 central bank lending在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank在途资金 fund in float增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum增收节支措施revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures增长平稳 steady growth增值税 value-added tax（VAT）涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth 账外账 concealed accounts折旧 depreciation整顿 retrenchment;consolidation政策工具 policy instrument政策性业务 policy-related operations政策性银行 policy banks政策组合 policy mix政府干预 government intervention证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase支付困难 payment difficulty支付能力 payment capacity直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions职业道德 professional ethics指令性措施 mandatory measures指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy滞后影响 lagged effect中介机构 intermediaries中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle周转速度 velocity主办银行 main bank主权风险 sovereign risk注册资本 registered capital逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation逐步取消 to phase out抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition）专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked转贷 on-lending转轨经济 transition economy转机 turnaround转折关头 turning point准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit准货币 quasi-money资本不足 under-capitalized资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio资本利润率 return on capital资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency资产负债表 balance sheet资产负债率liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets资产集中 asset concentration资产贡献率 asset contribution factor资产利润率 return on assets （ROA）资产质量 asset quality资产组合 asset portfolio资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost资金到位 fully funded （project）资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds资金利用率 fund utilization rate资金缺口 financing gap资金体外循环 financial disintermediation资金占压 funds tied up自筹投资项目 self-financed projects自有资金 equity fund综合国力 overall national strength（often measured by GDP）综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator综合治理 comprehensive adjustment（retrenchment）;over-haul 总成交额 total contract value总交易量 total amount of transactions总成本 total cost最后贷款人 lender of last resort。
金融专业英语Lesson6 租赁-商行中介业务
Lesson 6Part I: Leasing--One of the important Intermediary services in Commercial BanksCommercial banks perform many functions, some central to their main role in the economy and others more peripheral. Although lending and deposit taking have been the epicenter of commercial banking, the last few years have witnessed a general surge in both the types and the volume of bank services. This surge has been induced in part by government deregulation, but most importantly by competitive pressures.The three main functions of commercial banks are interrelated: the creation of money, accomplished through lending and investing activities, the holding of the deposits; and the provision of a mechanism for payments and transfer of funds. They all relate to the banks' critical role in the overall management of the flow of money and credit through the economy.Other services are offered primarily to draw customers by providing complete money management and ancillary services through a single institution. Some of these services, such as trust management and leasing, may themselves be profitable; others may be offered solely to attract depositors to the banks.Leasing is one of many ways, which can finance the capital investment for the bank's clients.Lease is a contract granting the possession of lands, buildings, tenements, offices, machinery, or other chattels for a specified fixed or indeterminate period, for a stated consideration, usually a periodic payment known as rent or, in the case of land, ground rent. Since merely the possession and use of the property is conveyed by the owner to the user in a lease, the property reverts to the owner at the end of the term in most cases.The lease is a flexible device for business use. Instead of tying up capital in acquisition of title to the real or personal property, the possession and use of the property may be had for the stated term in consideration of the rent or rental, which is a tax-deductible expense of doing business.Leasing can be classified into: Capital Lease (Financing Lease) and Operating Lease.Capital lease:When the objectives of the lease contract are to provide financing to the lessee for the eventual purchases of the property, or for use of the property over most of its useful life, the contract is referred to as a capital lease (or a financing lease). Capital lease is a fixed-term lease, usually noncancelable, used by businesses in financing capital equipment, the lessor's service is limited to financing the asset. Financing lease works in the following way: the lease company selects the asset, the leasing company purchases it, the lessee uses the asset and pays taxes and maintenances, and has the option of purchasing the asset at the end of the lease for a nominated price. It is also called a full-payout lease because the lease is fully paid out over its lifetime. A capital lease is, in substance, the purchase of an asset and theincurrence of a liability.The lessee classifies a lease as a capital lease if it meets any one of the following criteria:●The lessor transfers ownership of the property to the lessee by the end of the lease term.●The lessor contains an option to purchase the leased property at a bargain price.●The lease term is equal to or greater than 75 percent of the estimatedeconomic life of the leased property.●The present value at the beginning of the lease term of the minimum leasepayments is at least 90% of the fair value of the lease property at that time.Operating lease: An operating lease is a lease written for a shorter period than the economic life of the leased asset. These leases are often written by equipment manufacturers, who are expected to take back the equipment and release it to other users. Both commercial banks and finance companies write operating leases. Operating leases are cancelable leases, meaning the equipment can be returned at any time if it becomes obsolete or is no longer needed.Leverage leasing: it is a most popular and special type of financial leasing today. In this leasing, the lease equipment is purchased and then given to the lessee to use, with only 20%-40% of the equipment cost invested by the lessor and 60%-80% by such financial institutions as a bank or insurance company as a non-recourse loan on condition that the lease equipment to be purchased should be treated as a mortgage, and that, as a further guarantee, the right to get regular rental payments should be transferred to the aforesaid financial institution, who is entitled to repossess the asset if the lessee happens to default, The debt portion of the purchasing cost is known as leverage, for the lessor can obtain depreciation deduction or investment tax credit. The parties involved include the lessee, lessor, and a long-term creditor, usually a bank or other financial institution. Like a financial lease, a leverage lease is a non-cancelable and full-payout lease.Part II: Commercial Bank MarketingCommercial bank marketing has evolved through five stages:1. Advertising, sales promotion, and publicity.At the early stage, marketing came into banks not in the form of: "marketing concept". But in the form of the "advertising and promotion concept". Banks offered umbrellas, radios, and other "come-ons" and attracted new customer accounts. Their competitors were forced to adopt the same measures and to hire advertising agencies and sales-promotion experts.2. Smiling and a friendly atmosphere.Commercial banks learned that attracting people to a bank is easy; converting them into loyal customers is hard. These banks began to formulate programs to please the customer. Bankers learned to smile. The banks interior were redesigned to produce warm' and friendly atmosphere. Competitors quickly launched similar programs offriendliness training and decor improvement. Soon all banks were so friendly that friendliness lost its decisiveness as factor in bank choice.3. Marketing is segmentation and innovation.Banks found a new competitive tool when they began to segment their markets and innovated new products for each target segment. Citicorp, for example, today offers more than 500 financial products to customers. Financial services are easily copied, and specific advantages are short lived. But if the same bank invests in continuous innovation, it can stay ahead of the other banks.4. Marketing is positioning.What happens when all banks advertise, smile and innovate? They are forced to find a new basis for competition. They begin to realize that no bank can offer all products and be the best bank for all customers. A bank must examine its opportunities and "take a position".Positioning goes beyond image. The image-making bank seeks to cultivate an image in the customer's mind as a large, friendly, or efficient bank. It often develops a symbol, such as a lion or kangaroo to dramatize its personality in a distinctive way. Yet the customer may see competing banks as basically alike, except for the chosen symbols. Positioning is an attempt to distinguish the bank from its competitors along real dimensions in order to be the preferred bank for certain market segments. Positioning aims to help customers know the real difference between competing, banks, so that they can match themselves to the bank that can satisfy their needs best.5. Marketing is marketing analysis, planning, and control.There is a higher concept of bank marketing. The issue is whether the banks have installed effective systems for marketing analysis, planning, implementation and control. One large bank, which had achieved sophistication in advertising, friendliness, segmentation, innovation, and positioning, but lacked good systems of marketing planning and control. Each fiscal year, commercial loan officers submitted their volume goals, usually 10% higher than the previous year's goal. They also requested a budget increase of 10%. No rationale of plans accompanied these submissions. Top management was satisfied with the officers who achieved their goals, One loan officer, judged to be a good performer, retired and was replaced by a younger man, who proceeded to increase the loan volume 50% in the following year. The bank painfully learned that it had failed to control marketing research to measure the potentials of its various markets, to require marketing plans, to set quotas, and to develop appropriated management incentive system.Exercises:I. Translations:1．银行服务种类和业务量 2．支付和资金转移机制 3．资金管理4．租赁额度／期／财产 5．完全／不完全付清租赁 6．现值 7．经济／估算寿命 8．使用寿命／期限 9．估计市价 10．出租人／承租人11．促销专家 12．产生融洽友善的氛围 13．销售预算 14．财政年度15．金融创新 16．管理激励机制 17．营销计划 18．金融产品II. E TO C:One of the considerations important in the decisions as to whether to lease or buy the equipment is whether the equipment will have continued usefulness to the lessee at the end of the lease period, either for use within the company or for resale purposes. Under normal conditions the lease equipment will be worth 20% of its initial value, at the end of lease even though the equipment will be fully depreciated by the end of the useful life of the equipment. However, it must be recognized that technological developments may render the equipment obsolete sooner than it is anticipated. On the other hand, a sustained rapid rate of inflation over the next years during the lease period may mean that the dollar value of equipment at the end of lease period will substantially exceed 20% of its initial cost.III. Match the words or phrases in the left column with those in the right:l.depreciation A. residual value2.mortgage B. person who holds the leased property on a lease3.lessee C. service life4.cancelable D. final and unalterable; that cannot be revoked5.obsolescence E. the maintenance fee, insurance premium and taxes on a lease6.inception of lease F. accounting procedure for spreading the cost of atangible asset over its estimated usefullife.eful life G. a loan secured against a particular asset, usuallyland or buildings.8.salvage value H. the amount that must be invested now at agiven interest rate to produce a given futurevalue9.present value I. date of the lease agreement or commitmentlO.executory cost J. a contributor, together with physicaldeterioration to the limited useful life oftangible assetIV. C TO E：租赁的种类通常有融资租赁和经营租赁两种。
《金融专业英语》单词汇总表
Rating Stock Dividend Principal Principal
n. n. n. n. adj. adj.
等级， 类别 公债，股份，股票，存货，供应物 红利， 股息 资本， 本金， 委托人 最重要的， 主要的 未偿付的， 困难未解决的， 工作未完成的 紧急援助 收购， 买入， 收购股权 （使）上市，把（证券）列入上市证券表 n. adj. n. 公开， 泄露， 揭露 衍生的， 导出的， 拷贝的 派生物，衍生物 （使）合并， （使）融合 n. n. 获得， 取得， 获得物 证券化， 资产证券化 支出，花费 n. n. n. n. 附属担保品，抵押品 契约，合同，正式凭单，文据 优先，优先权 评估， 评价 股份， 赌注， 风险
Depreciation Speculate Venture
Jasmine
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《金融专业英语》
单词汇总表
Collect Draw Drawer Drawee Endorser Endorsee Payee Payer Acceptor n. n. v.
Appraisal Agency Regime n. n.
Administrative Governance Accrue Recession Depression Prosperity Recovery Allocation Distribution v. n.
Negotiable Commercial
v.
收款， 收帐 出票 出票人 受票人
Due Rate
adj. n. n. n. n. n. n. n. v. n. n. v. n. n. n. v. v. v. v. v. v.
金融专业英语教学课件
M2 is the most often used reference to money supply. M3 is the most often used reference to M2 is an even broader definition of the money supply, as it includes all money supply. M2是衡量货币供应量最 常用的参考值。 of the components of M1 and M2 plus a number金融资产 of financial assets and financial assets instruments generally employed by financial instruments n. 金融票据 large (jumbo) certificates of deposit.
2013-9-27
Chen Jianhui
8
Strictly enforced government regulations control how many of the deposited dollars must be held in fractional reserve loans. reserve to support deposit money expansion activities 部分准备金存 Loans made against this fractional 款扩张业务 reserve are a key factor in banking and current fractional reserve deposit money expansion activities. a
金融英语期末重点总结
金融英语期末重点总结一、基本概念与词汇1. 资产管理：Asset Management，是指对投资者个人或机构的资金进行管理和投资的活动。
2. 负债：Liability，指一个人或机构所欠他人或其他组织的货币、商品或服务等。
3. 存款：Deposit，指将货币存入银行或其他金融机构的行为。
4. 贷款：Loan，指个人或企业从银行或其他金融机构获得的资金，并按约定的利率和条件偿还。
5. 利率：Interest Rate，是指借贷资金的价格。
通常以百分比形式表示，用于衡量借贷资金的成本或回报。
6. 风险：Risk，指在投资或经营过程中遭受亏损的可能性。
7. 股票：Stock，指公司以吸引投资者的方式发行的所有权证明，股权的一部分。
8. 债券：Bond，是指债务人（发行债券的公司或政府）向债权人（购买债券的投资者）借款的债权凭证。
9. 股息：Dividend，是指上市公司向股东分配的盈利的一部分。
10. 保险：Insurance，是指保险公司架起的经济保护的桥梁，将风险分散到各个投保人，以减轻其负担。
二、金融市场与金融产品1. 证券市场：Securities Market，是指股票、债券等金融工具的交易市场。
2. 股票市场：Stock Market，是指股票的买卖市场。
主要分为一级市场和二级市场。
3. 债券市场：Bond Market，指债券的买卖市场。
分为一级市场和二级市场。
4. 期货市场：Futures Market，是指用来进行期货交易的场所。
5. 外汇市场：Foreign Exchange Market，是指用来交换不同国家货币的市场。
6. 金融衍生品：Financial Derivatives，是指与金融资产相关的衍生产品。
包括期权、期货、互换等。
7. 互联网金融：Internet Finance，是指利用互联网技术进行金融服务的新兴业态。
8. 数字货币：Digital Currency，是指用数字技术发行和流通的货币。
常用金融英语词汇内容的详细解析
常用金融英语词汇内容的详细解析第一篇：常用金融英语词汇内容的详细解析常用金融英语词汇内容的详细解析常用金融英语词汇内容的详细解析正如下文所示，大家在意识到了以后，自己才会更好的把握这些相关的知识，自己的英语程度也会更加的理想化。
许多的朋友也正是注意到了这些，自己的英语水平才得到了保障，美联英语学习网建议大家都好好把握吧。
常用金融英语词汇内容如下：Bookbuilding 建立投资者购股意愿档案包销商用以定价一笔发行的方法。
包销商在促销活动结束后把所收集的初步购股订单一一记下，然后根据投资者愿意支付的价格水平订定最终发行价。
Bookrunner 投资意愿建档人；帐簿管理人指负责为发行建立投资者购股意愿档案的银行，亦即负责为一笔发行组织承销、拟定不同市场的发行规模、执行促销活动、定价、配置和后市稳定工作的银行。
大部份预托收据为ADR；但也可以指全球预托收（GDR），欧洲预托收据（EDR）或国际预托收据（IDR）。
Coupon frequency 派息频率Due diligence 尽职调查指为了达成承销一笔证券发行的目的，针对某公司或企业的业务、财务状况和前景而进行的一个全面的调查。
尽职调查一般可分为业务尽职调查和法律尽职调查两类。
常用金融英语词汇内容的详细解析正如上面的文章所示，大家在看过了这些内容后，自己就可以把这些相关的学习方式全面的理清，当有了这些了解后，我们的金融英语也一定有了学习方向，慢慢的就得到了很好的英语能力了。
第二篇：金融英语词汇big macs, big/large-cap stock, mega-issue 大盘股offering,listing 上市 bourse 证交所corporate champion 龙头企业entrepreneur 企业家 cook the book 做假帐regulatory system 监管体系 portfolio 投资组合pickup in rice 物价上涨 Federal Reserve 美联储 inflation 通货膨胀 deflation 通货紧缩Shanghai Exchange 上海证交所pension fund 养老基金mutual fund 共同基金hedge mutual fund 对冲式共同基金share 股票valuation 股价underwriter 保险商government bond 政府债券saving account 储蓄帐户equity market 股市shareholder 股东delist 摘牌mongey-loser 亏损企业inventory 存货traded company, trading enterprise 上市公司stakeholder 利益相关者transparency 透明度market fundamentalist 市场经济基本规则damage-control machinery 安全顾问efficient market 有效市场intellectual property 知识产权opportunistic practice 投机行为money-market 短期资本市场capital-market 长期资本市场volatility 波动diversification 多元化real estate 房地产option 期权call option 看涨期权put option 看跌期权merger 并购arbitrage 套利dollar standard 美元本位制budget 预算deficit 赤字bad debt 坏帐macroeconomic 宏观经济fiscal stimulus 财政刺激a store of value 保值transaction currency 结算货币forward exchange 期货交易intervention currency 干预货币Treasury bond 财政部公债 current-account 经常项目tighter credit 紧缩信贷monetary policy 货币政策foreign exchange 外汇 spot transaction 即期交易 forward transaction 远期交易option forward transaction 择期交易 swap transaction 调期交易 quote 报价settlement and delivery 交割 buying rate 买入价 selling rate 卖出价spread 差幅contract 合同at par平价premium 升水discount 贴水direct quotation method 直接报价法indirect quotation method 间接报价法 dividend 股息domestic currency 本币floating rate 浮动利率parentcompany 母公司credit swap 互惠贷款venture capital 风险资本book value 帐面价值physical capital 实际资本IPO(initial public offering)新股首发；首次公开发行Securities and Exchange Commission 〈美〉证券交易委员会job machine 就业市场welfare capitalism 福利资本主义collective market cap 市场资本总值global corporation 跨国公司transnational status 跨国优势transfer price 转让价格consolidation 兼并leverage 杠杆Federal Reserve 美联储financial turmoil/meltdown 金融危机file for bankruptcy 申请破产bailout 救助take over 收购buy out 购买(某人的)产权或全部货物go under 破产take a nosedive（股市）大跌tumble 下跌falter 摇摇欲坠on the hook 被套住shore up confidence 提振市场信心stave off 挡开, 避开，liquidate assets 资产清算at fire sale prices 超低价sell-off 证券的跌价current deposit, current account 活期存款 fixed deposit, fixed account 定期存款fixed deposit by installments 零存整取joint account 联名存款帐户 to open an account 开户头to close an account, to clear an account 结清 to draw money 取款 drawing-out slip 取款单 the number slip 号码牌 a withdrawal form 取款单to fill in the receipt in duplicate 一式两份填这张收据teller, cashier 出纳员exchange table, conversion table 汇兑换算表foreign exchange 外汇 exchange rate 外汇率 conversion rate 折合率foreign exchange restriction 外汇限额foreign exchange quotations 外汇行情 to check the rate for sb.查牌价currency, money 货币money changing 兑换货币an exchange form 兑换单 bank note 钞票note of large denomination 大票 note of small denomination 小票 small change 零钱 subsidiary money 辅币 nickel piece 镍币plastic currency notes 塑料钞票convertible money 可兑换（黄金）纸币interest rate 利率 simple interest 单利 compound interest 复利 legal interest 法定利息 prime rate 优待利率 payable interest 应付利息 lending rate 贷款利率 usury 高利贷the subsidy rate for value-preserved savings 保值储蓄补贴率account number 帐目编号 depositor 存户 pay-in slip 存款单 a deposit form 存款单 a banding machine 自动存取机 to deposit 存款 deposit receipt 存款收据 private deposits 私人存款 certificate of deposit 存单 deposit book, passbook 存折 credit card 信用卡principal 本金overdraft, overdraw 透支 to counter sign 双签 to endorse 背书 endorser 背书人 to cash 兑现to honor a cheque 兑付 to dishonor a cheque 拒付 to suspendpayment 止付cheque,check 支票cheque book 支票本order cheque 记名支票 bearer cheque 不记名支票 crossed cheque 横线支票 blank cheque 空白支票 rubber cheque 空头支票cheque stub, counterfoil 票根cash cheque 现金支票traveler’’s cheque 旅行支票cheque for transfer 转帐支票outstanding cheque 未付支票canceled cheque 已付支票forged cheque 伪支票Bandar’s note 庄票，银票相关词汇补充banker 银行家president 行长savings bank 储蓄银行Chase Bank 大通银行National City Bank of New York 花旗银行Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行Banque de I’’IndoChine 东方汇理银行central bank, national bank, banker’’s bank 中央银行bank of issue, bank of circulation 发行币银行commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行discount bank 贴现银行exchange bank 汇兑银行requesting bank 委托开证银行issuing bank, opening bank 开证银行advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行negotiation bank 议付银行confirming bank 保兑银行paying bank 付款银行associate banker of collection 代收银行consigned banker of collection 委托银行clearing bank 清算银行local bank 本地银行domestic bank 国内银行overseas bank 国外银行unincorporated bank 钱庄branch bank 银行分行trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行trust company 信托公司financial trust 金融信托公司unit trust 信托投资公司trust institution 银行的信托部credit department 银行的信用部commercial credit company(discount company)商业信贷公司（贴止荆?br >neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所credit union 合作银行credit bureau 商业兴信所self-service bank 无人银行land bank 土地银行construction bank 建设银行industrial and commercial bank 工商银行bank of communications 交通银行mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行industrial bank 实业银行home loan bank 家宅贷款银行reserve bank 准备银行chartered bank 特许银行corresponding bank 往来银行merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行investment bank 投资银行import and export bank(EXIMBANK)进出口银行joint venture bank 合资银行money shop, native bank 钱庄credit cooperatives 信用社clearing house 票据交换所public accounting 公共会计business accounting 商业会计cost accounting 成本会计depreciation accounting 折旧会计computerized accounting 电脑化会计general ledger 总帐subsidiary ledger 分户帐cash book 现金出纳帐cash account 现金帐journal, day-book 日记帐，流水帐bad debts 坏帐investment 投资surplus 结余idle capital 游资economic cycle 经济周期economic boom 经济繁荣economic recession 经济衰退economic depression 经济萧条economic crisis 经济危机economic recovery 经济复苏inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货收缩devaluation 货币贬值revaluation 货币增值international balance of payment 国际收支favourable balance 顺差adverse balance 逆差hard currency 硬通货soft currency 软通货international monetary system 国际货币制度the purchasing power of money 货币购买力money in circulation 货币流通量note issue 纸币发行量national budget 国家预算national gross product 国民生产总值public bond 公债stock, share 股票debenture 债券treasury bill 国库券debt chain 债务链direct exchange 直接（对角）套汇indirect exchange 间接（三角）套汇cross rate, arbitrage rate 套汇汇率foreign currency(exchange)reserve 外汇储备foreign exchange fluctuation 外汇波动foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机discount 贴现discount rate, bank rate 贴现率gold reserve 黄金储备money(financial)market 金融市场stock exchange 股票交易所broker 经纪人commission 佣金bookkeeping 簿记bookkeeper 簿记员an application form 申请单bank statement 对帐单letter of credit 信用证strong room, vault 保险库equitable tax system 等价税则specimen signature 签字式样banking hours, business hours 营业时间 1.素质教育：Quality Education2.EQ：分两种，一种为教育商数Educational quotient，另一种情感商数Emotional quotient3.保险业： the insurance industry4.保证重点指出： ensure funding for priority areas5.补发拖欠的养老金： clear up pension payments in arrears6.不良贷款： non-performing loan7.层层转包和违法分包：mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting8.城乡信用社：credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas9.城镇居民最低生活保障：a minimum standard of living for city residents10.城镇职工医疗保障制度：the system of medical insurance for urban workers11.出口信贷： export credit12.贷款质量： loan quality13.贷款质量五级分类办法： thefive-category assets classification for bank loans14.防范和化解金融风险： take precautions against and reduce financial risks15.防洪工程： flood-prevention project16.非法外汇交易： illegal foreign exchange transaction17.非贸易收汇：foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels18.非银行金融机构： non-bank financial institutions19.费改税： transform administrative fees into taxes20.跟踪审计： follow-up auditing21.工程监理制度： the monitoring system for projects22.国有资产安全： the safety of state-owned assets23.过度开垦： excess reclamation24.合同管理制度： the contract system for governing projects25.积极的财政政策： pro-active fiscal policy26.基本生活费： basic allowance27.解除劳动关系： sever labor relation28.金融监管责任制：the responsibility system for financial supervision29.经济安全： economic security30.靠扩大财政赤字搞建设：to increase the deficit to spend more on development31.扩大国内需求： the expansion of domestic demand32.拉动经济增长： fuel economic growth33.粮食仓库： grain depot34.粮食收购企业： grain collection and storage enterprise35.粮食收购资金实行封闭运行：closed operation of grain purchase funds36.粮食销售市场： grain sales market37.劣质工程： shoddy engineering38.乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款： arbitrary charges，fund-raising，quotas and fines39.骗汇、逃汇、套汇：obtain foreign currency under false pretenses，not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage40.融资渠道： financing channels41.商业信贷原则： the principles for commercial credit42.社会保险机构： social security institution43.失业保险金： unemployment insurance benefits44.偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税：tax evasion，tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes 45.外汇收支： foreign exchange revenue and spending46.安居工程：housing project for low-income urban residents47.信息化： information-based； informationization48.智力密集型： concentration of brain power； knowledge-intensive49.外资企业： overseas-funded enterprises50.下岗职工： laid-off workers51.分流： reposition of redundant personnel52.素质教育： education for all-round development53.豆腐渣工程： jerry-built projects54.社会治安情况： law-and-order situation55.民族国家： nation state56.“台独”：“independence of Taiwan”57.台湾当局： Taiwan authorities58.台湾同胞： Taiwan compatriots59.台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分：Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.60.西部大开发： Development of theWest Regions61.可持续性发展： sustainable development62.风险投资： risk investment63.通货紧缩： deflation64.扩大内需： to expand domestic demand65.计算机辅助教学： computer-assisted instruction（CAI）66.网络空间： cyberspace67.虚拟现实： virtual reality68.网民： netizen（net citizen）69.电脑犯罪： computer crime70.电子商务： the e-business71.网上购物： shopping online72.应试教育： exam-oriented education73.学生减负： to reduce study load74.“厄尔尼诺”：（EL Nino）75.“拉尼娜”：（La Nina）76.“智商”：（IQ）77.“情商”：（EQ）78.“第三产业”：（third/tertiary industry，service sector，third sequence of enterprises）79.“第四产业”：（quaternary/information industry）80.“军嫂”：（military spouse）81.“峰会”（香港译“极峰会议”）“：summit（conference）82.“克隆”：clone83.“冰毒”：ice84.“摇头丸”：dancing outreach85.“传销”：multi level marketing86.“（计算机）2000年问题”：Y2K problem（y for year，k for kilo or thousand）87.“白皮书”：white paper（不是white cover book）88.“傻瓜相机”：Instamatic（商标名，焦距、镜头均固定，被称为foolproof相机）；89.“白条”：IOU note（IOU：债款、债务，由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来）90.“巡回招聘”：milk round（一种招聘毕业生的方式，大公司走访各大学及学院，向求职者介绍本公司情况并与报名者晤谈）。
银行专业术语金融英语(中英文对照)
1.现金业务：c a s h b u s i n e s s2.转账业务：transfer business3.汇兑业务：currency exchange business4.委托收款：commission receivables5.发放贷款：loans6.贷款收回：loan recovery7.贷款展期：loan extension8.办理银行汇票：apply for bank drafts9.收息：interest10托收：collection其他相关：帐目编号account number存户depositor存款单pay-in slip存款单a deposit form自动存取机a banding machine存款deposit存款收据deposit receipt私人存款private deposit存单certificate deposit存折deposit book信用卡credit card本金principal透支overdrafts overdraw双签a counter sign背书to endorse背书人endorser兑现to cash兑付to honor a cheque拒付to dishonor a cheque止付to suspend payment支票cheque ,check支票本cheque book记名支票order cheque不记名支票bearer cheque横线支票crossed cheque空白支票blank chequerubber cheque 空头支票cheque stub, counterfoil 票根cash cheque 现金支票traveler's cheque 旅行支票cheque for transfer 转帐支票outstanding cheque 未付支票canceled cheque 已付支票forged cheque 伪支票Bandar's note 庄票，银票banker 银行家president 行长savings bank 储蓄银行Chase Bank 大通银行National City Bank of New York 花旗银行Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行Banque de I'IndoChine 东方汇理银行central bank, national bank, banker's bank 中央银行bank of issue, bank of circulation 发行币银行commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行discount bank 贴现银行exchange bank 汇兑银行requesting bank 委托开证银行issuing bank, opening bank 开证银行advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行negotiation bank 议付银行confirming bank 保兑银行paying bank 付款银行associate banker of collection 代收银行consigned banker of collection 委托银行clearing bank 清算银行local bank 本地银行domestic bank 国内银行overseas bank 国外银行unincorporated bank 钱庄branch bank 银行分行trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行trust company 信托公司financial trust 金融信托公司unit trust 信托投资公司trust institution 银行的信托部credit department 银行的信用部commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司）neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所credit union 合作银行credit bureau 商业兴信所self-service bank 无人银行land bank 土地银行construction bank 建设银行industrial and commercial bank 工商银行bank of communications 交通银行mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行industrial bank 实业银行home loan bank 家宅贷款银行reserve bank 准备银行chartered bank 特许银行corresponding bank 往来银行merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行investment bank 投资银行import and export bank (EXIMBANK) 进出口银行joint venture bank 合资银行money shop, native bank 钱庄credit cooperatives 信用社clearing house 票据交换所public accounting 公共会计business accounting 商业会计cost accounting 成本会计depreciation accounting 折旧会计computerized accounting 电脑化会计general ledger 总帐subsidiary ledger 分户帐cash book 现金出纳帐cash account 现金帐journal, day-book 日记帐，流水帐bad debts 坏帐investment 投资surplus 结余idle capital 游资economic cycle 经济周期economic boom 经济繁荣economic recession 经济衰退economic depression 经济萧条economic crisis 经济危机economic recovery 经济复苏inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货收缩devaluation 货币贬值revaluation 货币增值international balance of payment 国际收支favourable balance 顺差adverse balance 逆差hard currency 硬通货soft currency 软通货international monetary system 国际货币制度the purchasing power of money 货币购买力money in circulation 货币流通量note issue 纸币发行量national budget 国家预算national gross product 国民生产总值public bond 公债stock, share 股票debenture 债券treasury bill 国库券。
《金融专业英语》chapter 6
6.2.2 Factorsorities
IN EVALUATING A CHARTER APPLICATION, THE CHARTERING AUTHORITIES GENERALLY CONSIDERS 4 FACTORS:
➢ Thirdly, a related goal is to protect depositors’ funds and, if any bank should fail, to minimize the losses to be absorbed by the deposit insurance fund.
experience commensurate with their positions; and ➢ Having the required business premise, safety measures and other
facilities relevant with the business thereof.
金 融 专 业 英语
Part Two
Banking Industry in China
Contents
4
5
6
Central Bank—PBC
Commercial Banks
Supervision of Banking
6 Supervision
Chapter of Banking
Chapter 6 Supervision of Banking
Section 6.2 Licensing Process
6.2.1 Phases of the Process 6.2.2 Factors Evaluated by the Chartering Authorities 6.2.3 Basel Committee’s Requirements on Bank Licensing
金融英语听说unit6 international settlement
金融英语听说 Unit 6: International Settlement OverviewIn the world of international finance, the process of settling transactions between entities in different countries is known as international settlement. This involves the transfer of funds, securities, and other financial instruments to ensure the completion of a transaction. International settlement plays a crucial role in facilitating global trade and investment, as well as promoting financial stability.In this unit, we will explore the key concepts and practices related to international settlement in the field of finance. We will examine the various methods and instruments used in international settlements, as well as the roles of different entities involved in the process. Through this unit, you will gain a deeper understanding of the complexities and importance of international settlement in the global financial system.Key Concepts1. Foreign Exchange MarketThe foreign exchange market is where the currencies of different countries are bought and sold. It is a crucial component of international settlement, as currency exchange plays a vital role in facilitating cross-border transactions. Understanding the dynamics of the foreign exchange market is essential for effective international settlement.2. Payment SystemsPayment systems are the infrastructure that enables the transfer of funds between parties involved in international settlements. These systems ensure the secure and efficient movement of money across borders. Some commonly used payment systems include SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) and CHIPS (Clearing House Interbank Payments System).3. Letter of CreditA letter of credit is a financial instrument issued by a bank on behalf of a buyer. It guarantees payment to the seller upon the completion of certain conditions. Letters of credit provide security and assurance to exporters, allowing them to mitigate the risk of non-payment.4. Documentary CollectionDocumentary collection is another method used in international settlement. It involves the use of documents, usually handled by banks, to ensure the transfer of goods and payment between buyers and sellers. In documentary collection, the documents are sent through the banking system, and the payment is released once the conditions are met.5. International Trade FinanceInternational trade finance refers to the financial activities and instruments used to facilitate international trade. This includes methods like factoring, export credit, and trade insurance. Understanding the various aspects of internationaltrade finance is essential for successful international settlement.Roles and ResponsibilitiesIn addition to understanding the key concepts, it is important to be familiar with the roles and responsibilities of the entities involved in international settlement. These include:1. BanksBanks play a crucial role in international settlement. They act as intermediaries between buyers and sellers, facilitating the transfer of funds and ensuring the completion of transactions. Banks also provide various financial instruments and services, such as letters of credit and documentary collections.2. Importers and ExportersImporters and exporters are the parties involved in cross-border transactions. Importers are the buyers who purchase goods or services from another country, while exporters are the sellers who supply these goods or services. Both importers and exporters are responsible for complying with the requirements and conditions of international settlement.3. Government AgenciesGovernment agencies, such as central banks and customs authorities, also play a role in international settlement. They regulate and oversee the flow of funds and goods acrossborders, ensuring compliance with legal and regulatory frameworks.ConclusionInternational settlement is a vital component of the global financial system. It enables cross-border trade and investment, while promoting financial stability. Understanding the key concepts, methods, and entities involved in international settlement is essential for professionals in the field of finance. By familiarizing yourself with these concepts, you will be better equipped to navigate the complexities of international finance and contribute to the efficiency of global transactions.*Note: This document is written in Markdown format for easy readability and formatting.。
金融专业英语名词解释
金融专业英语名词解释Financial markets and institutions play a crucial role in the global economy. Understanding the terminology used in the financial industry is essential for individuals and businesses to navigate the complex world of finance. In this essay, we will explore the meaning and significance of some key financial English terms.Asset: An asset is a resource with economic value that an individual, corporation, or country owns or controls with the expectation that it will provide a future benefit. Assets can be classified into various categories, such as current assets (e.g., cash, accounts receivable, inventory) and non-current assets (e.g., property, plant, and equipment, investments).Liability: A liability is a financial obligation or debt that a company or individual owes to another party. Liabilities can be short-term, such as accounts payable, or long-term, such as loans or bonds. Effectively managing liabilities is crucial for maintaining financial stability and creditworthiness.Equity: Equity represents the ownership interest in a company. It is the residual value of a company's assets after deducting its liabilities. Equity can be in the form of common stock, preferred stock, or retained earnings. Investors often use equity as a measure of a company's financial health and growth potential.Income Statement: The income statement, also known as the profit and loss statement, is a financial report that summarizes a company's revenues, expenses, and net income (or loss) over a specific period, typically a quarter or a year. The income statement helps stakeholders understand a company's profitability and financial performance.Balance Sheet: The balance sheet is a financial statement that presents a company's assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity at a specific point in time. It provides a snapshot of a company's financial position, allowing stakeholders to assess its liquidity, solvency, and overall financial health.Cash Flow Statement: The cash flow statement is a financial report that shows the movement of cash in and out of a company over a specific period. It categorizes cash flows into three main activities: operating, investing, and financing. The cash flow statement helps stakeholders understand a company's ability to generate and use cash, which is crucial for its long-term sustainability.Dividend: A dividend is a distribution of a portion of a company's earnings to its shareholders. Companies may pay dividends in cash, stock, or other forms. Dividends are an important consideration for investors as they can provide a steady stream of income and signal the financial health of a company.Interest Rate: The interest rate is the amount charged by a lender to a borrower for the use of money. Interest rates are a crucial factor in the financial markets, as they influence the cost of borrowing, the return on savings, and the valuation of financial instruments.Inflation: Inflation is the sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over time. High inflation can erode the purchasing power of a currency and affect the real value of investments and savings.Recession: A recession is a significant decline in economic activity, characterized by a drop in gross domestic product (GDP), increased unemployment, and decreased consumer spending. Recessions can have far-reaching consequences for businesses, individuals, and the overall economy.Quantitative Easing (QE): Quantitative easing is a monetary policy tool used by central banks to stimulate the economy. It involves thecentral bank purchasing government bonds or other financial assets from the market to increase the money supply and lower interest rates, thereby encouraging economic growth.Derivative: A derivative is a financial instrument whose value is derived from the value of an underlying asset, such as a stock, bond, commodity, or currency. Derivatives can be used for hedging, speculation, or risk management purposes.Hedge Fund: A hedge fund is an actively managed investment fund that pools money from investors and invests in a variety of assets, often using complex trading strategies, such as short-selling and leverage, to generate returns.Initial Public Offering (IPO): An initial public offering (IPO) is the first sale of stock by a private company to the public. It allows the company to raise capital and provides an opportunity for investors to participate in the company's growth.In conclusion, the financial English terminology discussed in this essay represents only a small fraction of the vast and complex language used in the financial industry. Understanding these key terms is essential for individuals and businesses to navigate the financial landscape effectively and make informed decisions. As thefinancial world continues to evolve, it is crucial to stay informed and adaptable to the changing terminology and concepts.。
金融商务英语讲义-BankingBusiness
贷款申请 (Applying for a Loan): 客户向银行申请贷款，银行会评估客户的信用状况和偿债能力。
支付结算 (Payment and Settlement): 银行为客户处理各种支付和结算业务，如支票、汇款等。
03
Financial and Business English Communication Skills
VS
Business letter writing is an important skill for effective communication in the banking industry. It involves writing formal letters to clients, suppliers, and other business partners.
外汇交易 (Foreign Exchange Transaction): 银行为客户提供的外汇买卖服务，帮助客户进行国际支付和结算。
Financial markets and institutions
01
金融市场 (Financial Market): 进行金融交易和资金流动的场所，如股票市场、债券市场等。
Business Letter Writing
Business negotiation skills
Negotiation skills are essential for success in banking business. Negotiations can involve discussions with clients on loan terms, interest rates, or other financial arrangements.
金融英语part6 exercise
Part6 1. Multiple Choice(1) Which is not the category of the risk-based five-category loan classification system?A. PassB. Special mentionC. SubstandardD. Bad debts(2) In _____, exporter's bank provides loans to the importer or to an importer's bank.A. buyer creditB. supplier creditC. forfeitingD. BOT approach(3) _______is an indicator of leverage ratios.A. Net income/net account receivableB. Net sales/net account receivableC. Quick assets/current liabilitiesD. Total liabilities/capital funds(4) In real estate loan, maximum amount of which is _______of the property. bank.A. 50%B. 60%C. 70%D. 80%(5) A typical forfaiting transaction involves five parties. They are__________.A. exporter, importer, forfaiter, investor, and importer's bankB. exporter, importer, forfaiter, investor, and exporter's bankC. exporter, importer, forfaiter, investor, and any bankD. exporter, importer, forfaiter, investor, and forfaiter's bank(6) ___________is a kind of short-term loan to meet temporary need and is supposed to pay back at one time.A. Credit cardB. Consumer creditC. Amortization loansD. Non-installment loan(7) In amortization loans, the borrower can pay back __________.A. at one timeB. interest at one timeC. principal at one timeD. at several times(8) _______is also called bridge loan.A. Credit cardB. Amortization loanC. Non-installment loanD. Short-term loan(9) BOT is an abbreviated form of_____________.A. build-or-technologyB. build-operate-transferC. build-operate-technologyD. benefit-operate-transfer(10) The first principle of budgetary control is to __________.A. record the actual performanceB. compare the actual performance with that plannedC. establish a plan or target of performance which coordinates all the activities of the businessD. act immediately, if necessary, to remedy the situation(11) Commercial banks require diversified assets for adequate___________.A. liquidityB. profitC. securityD. others(12) Department of Credit must consider budgetary target, net revenue and ___________.A. riskB. liquidityC. costD. others(13) When average loans is 100, net credit losses is 4.2 then, the credit loss ratio is_______.A. 4.2%B. 95.8%C. 0D. 2.1%(14) In credit mix, tenor refers to ___________.A. term of loanB. term structure of loanC. term structure of assetD. term of asset(15) If net sales is 1,000, cost of goods sold is 600, the gross profit is __________.A. 1,600B. 400C. 1,000D. 600(16) If working capital is 500, net sales is 600, how much is working capital turnover?A. 5/6B. 1.2C. 1,100D. 100(17) The 'five P' doesn't refer to ___________.A. peopleB. purposeC. paymentD. project(18) When current assets is 400, current liabilities is 300, how much of working capital?A. 700B. 1,200C. 0.75D. 100(19) __________refers to a 'second way out' in case the primary repayment source fails.A. The people factorB. The payment factorC. The protection factorD. The perspective factor(20) The most conservative leverage ratio shows the most debt and _________ net worth.A. mostB. leastC. bestD. fewest(21) If obligor's risk weight is 30%, its risk class is __________.A. AB. BC. 3AD. 2A(22) Securities subject to mortgage are excluding_________.A. title deedsB. life policiesC. contract of property insuranceD. stocks(23) In a case of an ordinary lien, ________is the owner of the property.A. bankB. borrowerC. lenderD. the other(24) The risk weight for substandard assets is ___________.A. 10%B. 20%C. 50%D. 100%2. True or False(1) Forfeiting provides a source of non-recourse finance through use of drafts, promissory notes or other instruments representing sums due to the exporter.A. trueB. false(2) Forfaiting banks require the institution to have aval by an internationally recognized bank for the purpose of reducing the risk. A. true B. false(3) Seller credit is that exporter's bank lends the money to a domestic exporter who then gives the importer the convenience of deferred payment. A. true B. false(4) Buyer credit is that exporter's bank directly lends the money to an importer or the importer's bank and the importer will pay for the goods with the loan.A. trueB. false(5) In supplier credit, exporter's bank provides loans to the importer directly. A. true B. false(6) The borrower's ability to borrow automatically reduces its need to hold liquid assets.A. trueB. false(7) The most common currency in Forfeiting is US dollar. A. true B. false(8) Common equity is an important part of Tier 1 capital. A. true B. false(9) When risk weight is zero, the risk-adjusted asset is zero. A. true B. false(10) Risk weight of treasure bill is 100%. A. true B. false(11) Fees revenue constitutes the main part of revenue of the bank. A. true B. false(12) The operating target of commercial banks is profit. A. true B. false(13) The 'five P' model dissects the information and focuses on profit. A. true B. false(14) Ratio analysis concentrates on the future rather than on the past. A. true B. false(15) Credit portfolio management entails that all credits judged to be uncollectable. A. true B. false3. Cloze1) fixed asset investment short-term loans mediumworking capital maturity long-term loansBy___1___, loans can be divided into two broad categories. Those with maturity of one year or less are called____2_____ while those with maturity exceeding one year are called___3___ or__________4____. Short-term loans are often used to satisfy_______5______ needs whereas long-term loans are often used to finance_______6_________. Loans can also be categorized according to the nature of contractual arrangement as well as intended use.2) Protection internal repayment capitalizationexternal collateral source guarantorhypothecated collateral cash flowA properly structured loan includes____1___ ----a "second way out" in case the primary_2____ source fails. Protection can be___3___ where the lender looks exclusively to the buyer, and ___4__where a third party adds its credit responsibility to the borrower. Internal protection relies on___5___, liquid (account receivable and inventory quality and composition), and fixed asset values. Internal protection can be either specific____6___ or future ____7____if the primary source of repayment is asset conversion. External protection most commonly takes the form of guarantees, endorsement, or repurchase agreements,___8__ , etc. However, loan based solely on the credit responsibility of the____9___ is normally a high-risk loan at the outset, because there is only one ___10__ of repayment.3) repay compare liabilities management assetsRatio analysis is used to____1______ certain factors, which may affect a company's ability to_____2____debt or otherwise satisfy its creditors. It provides the analyst with the tools to measure the quality and worth of____3_____, as well as the extent and nature of_____4_____. Ratios help measure the ability of a firm's_______5_______: Does the company earn a fair return? Can it withstand downturns? Does it have financial flexibility as measured by its ability to attract additional credit or investors?4. Translation1) Overdraft is an agreed line of credit operating directly through the current account.(2) Export Credit is government (government export credit agencies) guarantee lending channeled through a commercial bank to support export.(3) Forfaiting provides a source of non-recourse finance through use of drafts, promissory notes or other instruments representing sums due to the exporter.(4) Consumer Credits are high risk and high interest credit products, which are usually classified into three sorts: amortization loan, credit card and non-installment 1oan for purchasing cars or non-structure houses or investing a little amount and so on.(5) A syndicated loan is a large credit, generally more than USDl0 million, negotiated between a borrower and a single bank, but actually funded by several other banks.(6) Derivatively syndicated loans take two forms - loan sale and asset securitization.(7) All assets of commercial banks are classified into various risk assets by risk class of assets, and each c1ass of assets is assigned a risk weight.(8) The central bank requires commercial banks to keep adequate legal reserves and excess reserves.(9) In the management of their portfolio, commercial banks emphasize the importance of asset and earning diversification, the immediate recognition as losses of all credits judged to be uncollectable, and the maintenance of appropriate credit loss allowance.(10) The operating target of commercial banks is profit. The revenue of credit constitutes the main part of revenue of the banks.(11) Under the risk-based capital guideline, qualifying total capital consists of two types of capital components-Tier 1 and Tier 2. Tier 1 capital includes common stockholders' equity, qualifying perpetual preferred stock (subject to limitations) and minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries less goodwill and certain other deduction. Tier 2 capital includes preferred -stock not to be included in Tier 1 capital and subject to limitations, the allowance for credit losses, qualifying senior and subordinated debt, and limited-life preferred stock less certain deductions.(12) Ratio analysis concentrates on the past rather than on the future. A company's future performance may or may not be an extrapolation of past trends. However, we can learn from past performance about deteriorating trends, volatility, and often about management's control over these factors.(13) The IRR is an important test for assessing the quality of a project in financial and economic terms and is widely used by decision makers to determine whether a project is financially and economically viable. Whi1e the financial IRR measures whether a project is likely to be profitable enough to cover the average cost of capital of lenders and sponsors, the economic IRR indicates whether the project is efficiently using the country's resource, i. e. whether its economic IRR is higher than the opportunity cost of capital.5. Reading ComprehensionPassage OneA syndicated loan is arranged by either a bank or a securities house. The arranger then lines up the syndicate. Each bank in the syndicate provides the funds for which it has committed. The banks in the syndicate have the right to subsequently sell their parts of the loan to other banks. Characteristics of Bank Loans to Corporations Senior bank loans have a priority position over subordinated lenders(bond-holders) with respect to repayment of interest and principal. The interest rate on a syndicated bank loan is a rate that floats, which means that the loan rates based on some reference rate. The loan rate is periodically reset at the reference rate plus a spread. The reference rate is typically LIBOR, although it could be the prime rate (i.e., the rate that a bank charges its most credit worthy customers) or the rate on certificates of deposits. The term of the loan is fined. A syndicated loan is typically structured so that it is amortized according to a predetermined schedule, and repayment of principal begins after a specified number of years (typically not longer than five or six years). However, loans in which no repayment of the principal is made until the maturity date can be arranged. Such loans are referred to as bullet loans. Distribution of Loans Senior loans are distributed by two methods---assignments and participations. Each method has its advantages and relative disadvantages, though the assignment method is the more desirable of the two. When the holder of a loan is interested in selling his portion, he can do so by passing his interest in the loan by method of assignment. In this procedure, the seller transfers all his rights completely to the holder of the assignment, now called the assignee. The assignee is said to have privity of contract（合同关系不涉及第三方原则）with the borrower. Because of the clear path between the borrower and assignee, the assignment is the more desirable choice of transfer and ownership. A participation involves a holder of a loan 'participating out' a portion of his holding in that particular loan. The holder of the participation does not become a party to the loan agreement. His relationship is not with the borrower but with the seller of the participation. Unlike an assignment, a participation does not confer privity of contract on the holder of the participation. However, theholder of the participation has the right to vote on certain legal matters concerning amendments to the loan agreement.(1) A syndicated loan is arranged by ________.A. the central bankB. a securities houseC. a team of banksD. the government(2) The interest rate on a syndicated bank loan is a ________rate.A. fixedB. floatC. lower than LIBORD. unknown(3) Distribution of Loans Senior loans are distributed by two methods-assignments and participations. Each method has its advantages and relative disadvantages, though ________is the more desirable of the two.A. the assignment methodB. the participations methodC. sometimes, the assignment methodD. sometimes, the participations method(4) The reference rate for loans is________. A. SIBOR B. HIBOR C. LIBOR D. Prime(5) LIBOR is ________. A. fixed B. fine C. high D. flexible Passage TwoWHAT IS A MORTGAGE? By definition, a mortgage is a pledge of property to secure payment of a debt. Typically, property refers to real estate, which is often in the form of a house; the debt is the loan given to the buyer of the houses by a lender. Thus, a mortgage might be a pledge of a house to secure payment of a loan. If a homeowner (the mortgagor) fails to pay the lender the mortgage, the lender has the right to foreclose the loan and seize the property in order to ensure that it is repaid. When the lender makes the loan based on the credit of the borrower and on the collateral for the mortgage, the mortgage is said to be a conventional mortgage. The lender may require the borrower to obtain mortgage insurance to insure against default by the borrower. The types of real estate properties that can be mortgaged are divided into two broad categories: residential and nonresidential properties. The former category includes houses, condominiums, cooperatives, and apartments. Residential real estate can be subdivided into single-family (one-to-four family) residences and multifamily residences (apartment buildings in which more than four families reside). Nonresidential property includes commercial and farm properties.(1) Which doesn't belong to residential properties?________.A. HousesB. CondominiumsC. CooperativesD. Farm(2) If a homeowner (the mortgagor) fails to pay the lender the mortgage, the lender hasn't the right to______.A. foreclose the loanB. seize the propertyC. seize the furniture in the houseD. require the mortgagor repay the mortgage(3) A mortgage might be a pledge to secure payment of a loan except for________.A. houseB. foodC. farmD. apartment(4) The types of real estate properties that can be mortgaged are divided into________.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4(5) Property is________.A. real estateB. idle estateC. houseD. machine。
金融专业英语
金融专业英语1.The 3 main functions of commercial banks:the creation of money accomplished through lending and investing activitiesthe holding of depositsthe provision of a mechanism for payments and transfers of funds2.What are negotiable instruments?Negotiable Instruments are documents used in commerce to represent the ownership and secure the payment of money.3.Why do we need negotiable instruments when making payments?Paying large sums of money in cash is inconvenient and risky.Negotiable Instruments such as Bills of Exchange, Cheques and Promissory Notes are wildly used as instruments in the international settlement. They represent a right to payment. A right is a promise and not a tangible piece of property.4.What is a crossing?It is a direction to the paying bank that the money proceeds should be paid to the payee’s bank and not directly to the payee himself.General crossings: consisting of two transverse parallel lines across the face of the cheque.Special crossings: consisting of the name of a particular bank to which payment must be made, and the name itself is the crossing.5.What is the most important difference between bills of exchange and promissory notes?6.Why debit cards are named as “debit”cards?The amount of the purchase is immediately debited from the account and no credit is involved.7.fiduciary /fi‘dju:?i?ri/ a. 受托的n.受托人A company director owes a fiduciary duty to the company7.The three most-commonly used means of international settlement: remittancecollectiondocumentary creditThe other two means: standby L/C & bonds9.A documentary collection gives greater security than settlement on open account, because the importer cannot take possession of the goods without either making payment or accepting a bill of exchange. The banks concerned are under no obligation to pay.10.Can the exporter be sure at the time of dispatch of the goods that the buyer will actually pay the sum owed?No.So this form of settlement is therefore most appropriate in the following cases:if the exporter has no doubt about the buyer’s willingness and ability to pay;if the political, economic and legal environment in the importing country is considered to be stable;if the buyer’s cou ntry has placed no restrictions on imports (e.g. exchange controls) or has issued all the necessary authorizations.11Q: Why can the exporter retain control of the goods until payment or acceptance?Q: why under D/P condition, it is unnecessary to include abill of exchange?How to complete a instruction order? p25212.Clean Collection: a draft or cheque unsupported by documents Documentary Collectioin: documents with or without a draftQ: The disadvantages of clean collection13.The differences between them primarily lie in 4 aspects as follows:Whether there are banker’s credit involved in.Which party is the principal.When does the exporter ship goods.Which party is the drawee of the draft.Can you list any others?13.: What’s the contrast between negot iation and comfirmation?Negotiation advances are with recourse, so that if payment is not ultimately forthcoming from the issuing bank, the negotiating bank will be able to claim repayment from the beneficiary of the advance, plus interest. Confirmation advances are without recourse.14.Can the seller receive payment immediately after presenting the complying documents?In practice, this means that instead of receiving immediate payment on presentation of the documents (at sight), the seller’s draft is returned to him accepted on face by the nominated bank.15On what conditions can a transferable be used?When the supplier of goods sells them through a middleman and does not deal directly with the ultimate buyer.16.Why there is a need for a first beneficiary and a secondbeneficiary?The middleman may not wish to arrange a documentary L/C by himself, or his banker may not be willing to issue a credit on his behalf. Thus the middleman will approach the ultimate buyer and ask him to arrange a transferable credit in the middleman’s favor, which entitles the middleman as the first beneficiary. This transferable credit will allow the first beneficiary to request the bank authorized to pay, incur a deferred payment undertaking, accept or negotiate, or in the case of a freely negotiable credit, the bank specifically authorized as the transferring bank to make the credit available to one or more third parties known as “second beneficiaries”.17.What are the similarities and differences between transferable and back-to-back L/C?They are used in the same situations when the supplier of the goods and the ultimate buyer deal through a middleman, but the rights and obligations of the parties differ between them.17.When does the “back-to-back”aspect comes into play?The middleman applies to his bankers to issue one documentary credit on his behalf, but his bankers are not satisfied with his creditworthiness and insist that the middleman obtain a documentary credit in his favor from the ultimate buyer as security for one which the middleman has applied for in favor of the original seller.19. A revocable documentary credit gives the applicant maximum flexibility, since it can be amended, revoked or cancelled without the beneficiary’s consent and even without prior notice to the beneficiary up to the moment of payment by the bank at which the issuing bank has made the credit available.So the revocable documentary credit involves risks to the beneficiary. The seller may face the problem of obtaining payment directly from the buyer.In contrast, an irrevocable credit gives the beneficiary greater assurance of payment, for it cannot be cancelled or modified without express consent of the issuing bank, the confirming bank (if any) and the beneficiary.20Why can the beneficiary obtain a double assurance of payments under a confirmed credit?Because a confirmed credit represents the undertaking of both the issuing bank and the confirming bank.21..On what condition does the beneficiary require a confirmed credit?If the classification of the credit and the financial standing of the issuing bank are not satisfactory to the beneficiary, he may desire the credit confirmed by another bank.22.Q: Which kind of bonds gives maximum protection to the principal?。
金融专业英语词汇大全讲解
金融专业英语词汇大全1. a flat percentage rate of income 统一比率的所得税税率2. a long position 多头部位，利多形势3. a long position 多头寸；买进的期货合同4. a put option on a debt security 债务证券的卖出期权5. a sales slip 签购单据，售货清单6. a short position 空头部位，短缺头寸7. a short position 空头；卖出的期货合同8. a tax return 税务申报表9.abnormal depreciation 特别折旧10.abnormal spoilage 非正常损坏11.aboriginal cost 原始成本12.acceptance bank 票据承兑行13.acceptance method 承兑方式14.acceptance risks 承兑风险15.accepting bank 承兑银行16.accessory risks 附加保险，附加险17.accident insurance 意外保险（不包括海上，火灾和人寿险）18.accommodation of funds 资金融通19.accompany vt. 附带，伴随，陪同20.account charges 账户费用21.account current (A/C,a/c) 往来帐户22.account number (A/N) 帐号23.account statement 帐户清单24.accounting exposure 会计风险25.accounting risks 会计风险26.accounting value 帐面价值27.accounts of assured 保险帐户28.accrued bond interest 应计债券利息29.accrued depreciation 应计折旧30.accrued dividend 应计股利31.Acknowledgment of declaration (under op预约保险申报确认书32.active securities 热头股票，活跃的证券33.actual cash value （保险用语）实际现金价值34.actual rate 实际汇率35.adaptive expectations 适应性预期36.additional insurance 加保，附加保险37.additional reserve 追加准备金38.adjustable policy 可调整的保险单39.adjustable premium 可调整的保险费40.adjusted debit balance 已调整的借方余额41.advance payment of premium 预缴保险费42.advance-decline theory 涨跌理论43.adverse exchange 逆汇、逆汇兑44.advice of drawing 提款通知书45.advising bank 通知银行46.affiliated bank 联行47.affiliated person 关联人48.aftermarket 次级市场49.agent for collection 托收代理银行50.Agricultural Bank of China 中国农业银行51.agricultural loans 农业贷款52.agricultural（animal husbandry）tax 农（牧）业税53.allowance for doubtful debt 备抵呆帐款项54.alternative (either/or) order 选择指令55.American Express card 运通卡56.American terms 美国标价法57.amount in figures 小写金额58.amount in words 大写金额59.annual membership dues 年费60.application form for a banking account 银行开户申请书61.appointed bank 外汇指定银行62.appreciation of exchange rate 汇率升值63.arbitrage 套利64.arbitrage 套购，套利，套汇65.arbitrage of exchange 套汇66.arbitrage of exchange or stock 套汇或套股67.arbitrage opportunity 套价机会68.arbitrage risks 套汇风险69.as agent 做代理70.as principal 做自营n Development Fund (ADB) 亚洲开发银行72.ask price = asking price = offer price 出售价，报价，开价，出价73.ask-bid system 竞价系统74.assessment of loss 估损75.assets insurance 资产保险76.assignment of policy 保单转让77.assumption of risk 承担风险78.asymmetry 不对称79.at owner's risk 风险由货主负担80.at-the-close order 收盘指令81.at-the-market 按市价82.at-the-money 平值期权83.at-the-opening (opening only) order 开盘指令84.auction marketplace 拍卖市场85.automated teller machines (24 hours a day) 自动取款机（24小时服务）86.automatic transfers between accounts 自动转帐87.average 平均数88.baby bond 小额债券89.back spreads 反套利90.back wardation 现货溢价91.balance n. 结余，差额，平衡92.bank balance 存款余额93.bank balance over required reserves 超出法定（必备）储备的银行存款余额94.bank deposit 银行存款95.Bank of China 中国银行96.Bank of Communications 交通银行97.bank of deposit 存款银行98.bank of the government 政府的银行99.banker's association 银行协会100.banker's bank 中央银行101.banker's guarantee 银行担保102.bank's buying rate 银行买入价103.bank's selling rate 银行卖出价104.banks with business dealing with the center中央银行的往来银行105.Barclay card 巴克莱银行信用卡106.base rate 基本汇价107.basis order 基差订单108.basis risk 基差风险109.bear market 熊市110.bear operation 卖空行为111.bear raiders 大量抛空者112.beneficial owner 受益所有人113.beneficiary of insurance 保险金受益人114.best-efforts offering 尽力推销（代销）发行115.bid and ask prices 买入和卖出价116.bid and ask spread 买卖差价117.bid price = buying price 买价118.bid-ask spread 递盘虚盘差价119.big board 大行情牌120.big slump 大衰退（暴跌）121.bill-paying services 代付帐款122.black market 黑市123.black market financing 黑市筹资124.black money 黑钱125.blanket mortgage 总括抵押126.block positioner 大宗头寸商127.blowout 畅销128.blue-chip stocks 蓝筹股129.board of arbitration 仲裁委员会130.board of governors 理事会131.bond fund 债券基金132.borrowing from affiliates 向联营公司借款133.borrowing power of securities 证券贷款能力134.borrowing risks 借款风险135.bought deal 包销136.bread and butter business 基本业务137.breadth index 宽度指数138.break-even 不亏不盈，收支相抵139.breakout 突破140.bridging finance 过渡性融资141.broker 经纪人，掮客142.brokerage 经纪人佣金143.brokerage 经纪业；付给经纪人的佣金144.brokerage firm 经纪商（号）145.broker's loan 经纪人贷款146.broking house 经纪人事务所147.building agreement 具有约束力的协定148.building tax （tax on construction）建筑税149.bullish 行情看涨150.business insurance 企业保险151.business risk 营业风险152.business savings 企业储蓄153.business tax 营业税154.business term loan 企业长期贷款155.bust-up risks 破产风险156.buyer's risks 买方风险157.call (option) 买方期权，看涨期权158.call and put options 买入期权和卖出期权159.call for funds 控股、集资160.call loan transaction 短期拆放往来161.call market 活期存款市场162.call money 拆放款163.call options on an equity 权益（证券）的买入期权164.call-options 认购期权165.cancellation 取消166.cancellation money 解约金167.cap 带利率上限的期权168.capital assets 资本资产169.capital lease 资本租赁170.capital market 信贷市场、资本市场171.capital resources 资本来源172.capital surplus 资本盈余173.capital transfer 资本转移174.capital turnover rate 资本周转率175.card issuing institution 发卡单位176.carefully selected applicant 经仔细选定的申请人177.cargo insurance 货物保险178.cash 现金，现款v.兑现，付现款179.cash a cheque 支票兑现180.cash account 现金帐户181.cash advance 差旅预支款182.cash against bill of lading 凭提单付现183.cash against documents（C.A.D.）凭单付现，凭单据付现金=document against cash 184.cash and carry 付现自运；现金交易和运输自理；现购自运商店185.cash and carry wholesale 付现自运批发186.cash assets 现金资产187.cash audit 现金审核188.cash audit 现金审核，现金审计189.cash balance 现金余额，现款结存190.cash basis 现金制191.cash basis 现金制，现金基础192.cash basis accounting 现金收付会计制193.cash before delivery（C.B.D.）空货前付款，付款后交货，付现款交货194.cash bonus 现金红利195.cash book 现金簿；现金帐；现金出纳帐196.cash boy 送款员197.cash budget 现金预算198.cash card1 （银行）自动提款卡199.cash card2 现金卡200.cash claim 现金索赔201.cash collection basis 收现法，收现制202.cash credit 活期信用放款，现金付出203.cash credit slip 现金支出传票204.cash currency 现金通货205.cash cycle 现金循环，现金周期206.cash day 付款日207.cash debit slip 现金收入传票208.cash department （商业机构中的）出纳部=counting-house209.cash deposit 现金存款；保证金210.cash deposit as collateral 保证金，押金211.cash desk （商店、饭馆的）付款处212.cash disbursements 现金支出213.cash discount (c.d.) 现金折扣，付现折扣=settlement discount214.cash dispenser （美）自动提款机=cashomat215.cash dividend 现金股利216.cash down 即付，付现217.cash equivalent value 现金等值，现金相等价值218.cash flow 资金流动219.cash flow 现金流动220.cash flow stream 现金流（量）221.cash holdings 库存现金222.cash holdings 库存现金223.cash in advance (c.i.a.) 预付现金224.cash in bank 存银行现金，银行存款225.cash in hand （商行的）手头现金，库存现金=cash on hand226.cash in transit 在途现金，在运现金227.cash in transit policy 现金运送保险单228.cash in treasury 库存现金229.cash invoice 现购发票230.cash items 现金帐项，现金科目231.cash journal 现金日记簿232.cash liquidity 现金流动（情况）；现金周转233.cash loan 现金贷款234.cash management services 现金管理业务235.cash market 现金交易市场，现货市场，付现市场236.cash nexus 现金交易关系237.cash on arrival 货到付现，货到付款238.cash on bank 银行存款；银行付款；现金支票付款239.cash on deliver (C.O.D) （英）交货付款，现款交货＝collect on delivery240.cash on delivery (COD) 交割付款241.cash order（C/O）现金订货242.cash paid book 现金支出簿243.cash payment 现金支付244.cash payment 现金付款，现付245.cash payments journal 现金支出日记帐246.cash position 头寸247.cash position 现金状况，现金头寸248.cash price 现金售价，现金付款价格249.cash purchase 现购，现金购买250.cash railway （商店中的）货款传送线251.cash ratio 现金比率252.cash receipts (CR) 现金收入253.cash receipts journal 现金收入日记帐254.cash records 现金记录255.cash register 现金登记机，现金收入记录机，收银机256.cash remittance 汇款单；解款单257.cash remittance note 现金解款单，解款单258.cash requirement 现金需要量259.cash reserve 现金储备（金）260.cash resources 现金资源，现金来源261.cash resources (reserves) 现金准备262.cash sale 现售，现金销售=sale by real cash263.cash sale invoice 现销发票，现售发票264.cash settlement 现金结算，现汇结算265.cash short and over 现金尾差，清点现金余差；现金短溢266.cash slip 现金传票267.cash statement 现金报表，（现金）库存表268.cash ticket 现销票，门市发票269.cash transaction 现金交易270.cash verification 现金核实，现金核查271.cash voucher 现金凭单；现金收据272.cash with order （c.w.o., C.W.O.订货时付款，订货付现，落单付现273.cash without discount 付现无折扣274.cash yield discount 现金获利率，现金收益率275.cash-and-carry arbitrage 现货持有套利276.cashier 出纳员，收支员277.cashier's cheque (C.C.) 银行本票=cashier's order278.central rate 中心汇率（一国货币对美元的汇率，并据此计算对其他货币的汇率）279.certificate of balance 存款凭单280.Certificate of Deposits (CDs) 大额定期存款单281.certificated security 实物证券282.certificates of deposit (CDs) 大面额存款单283.certifying bank 付款保证银行284.change hands 交换，换手285.chartered bank 特许银行286.chattel 动产287.chattel mortgage 动产抵押288.chattel mortgage 动产抵押289.chattel mortgage bond （美）动产抵押（公司）债券290.chattel personal （私人）动产291.chattel real 准不动产（土地权等）292.check certificate 检验证明书293.check deposit 支票存款294.check list （核对用的）清单295.check sheet 对帐单296.checking account 支票帐户297.checking deposits 支票存款，活期存款298.checking reserve 支票现金储备299.checkstand （超级市场的）点货收款台300.cheque (payable) to bearer 来人支票，不记名支票301.cheque book 支票簿302.cheque book stub 支票簿存根303.cheque card 支票卡304.cheque collection 支票兑取305.cheque collector 支票兑取人306.cheque crossed 划线支票307.cheque crossed generally 普通划线支票308.cheque crossed specially 特别划线支票309.cheque deposit 支票存款310.cheque drawer 支票出票人311.cheque holder 支票执票人312.cheque only for account 转帐支票313.cheque payable at sight 见票即付支票314.cheque protector 支票银码机315.cheque rate 票据汇兑汇率，票汇价格=sight rate ,short rate 316.cheque register 支票登记簿317.cheque returned 退票，退回的支票318.cheque signer 支票签名机319.cheque stub 支票存根320.cheque to order 记名支票，指定人支票321.China Investment Bank 中国投资银行322.circulation risks 流通风险323.circulation tax （turnover tax）流转税324.city bank 城市银行325.claim a refound 索赔326.clean collections 光票托收327.clearing bank 清算银行328.clearing house 清算所329.clearinghouse 清算公司，票据交换所330.close out 平仓，结清（账）331.closed and mortgage 闭口抵押332.closing order 收市价订单333.closing rate 收盘价334.closing transaction 平仓交易335.collar 带利率上下限的期权336.collateral loan 抵押借款337.collecting bank 托收银行338.collecting bank 托收银行339.collecting bank 代收行340.collection instructions 委托（托收的）单据341.collection items 托收业务，托收项目342.collection of trade charges 托收货款343.collection on clean bill 光票托收344.collection on documents 跟单托收345.collection order 托收委托书346.collection risk 托收风险347.collection risks 托收风险348.collection service 托收服务349.collective-owned enterprise bonus tax 集体企业奖金税350.collective-owned enterprise income tax 集体企业所得税mercial and industrial loans 工商贷款mercial deposit 商业存款mercial paper 商业票据mercial paper house 经营商业票据的商号mercial risk 商业风险mercial terms 商业条件mission 佣金modity futures 商品期货modity insurance 商品保险mon collateral 共同担保mon fund 共同基金mon stock 普通股mon trust fund 共同信托基金pensatory financing 补偿性融资petitive risks 竞争风险posite depreciation 综合折旧pound interest 复利pound rate 复利率pound rate deposit 复利存款prehensive insurance 综合保险371.condominium 公寓私有共有方式372.confirming bank 保兑银行373.congestion area 震荡区374.congestion tape 统一自动行情显示375.conservatism and liquidity 稳健性与流动性376.consortium bank 银团银行377.constructure risk 建设风险378.consumer financing 消费融资379.contingent risks 或有风险380.contract money 合同保证金381.contract size 合约容量382.contracts of difference 差异合约383.contractual value 合同价格384.controlled rates 控制的汇率385.converge 集聚，（为共同利益而）结合一起386.conversion 汇兑、兑换387.convertible currency 可兑换的货币388.cooling-off period 等待期389.cooperative financing 合作金融390.cornering the market 操纵市场391.corners 垄断392.corporate deposits 法人存款393.correspondent 代理行394.cost of maintenance 维修费395.counter-inflation policy 反通货膨胀对策396.cover 弥补，补进（卖完的商品等）397.cover 弥补（损失等）；负担（开支）；补进（商品或股票等）；保险398.coverage 承保险别；保险总额；范围保险399.coverage ratio 偿债能力比率400.cover-note 暂保单；投保通知单401.credit 信用，信贷402.credit account (C.A., C/A) 赊帐=open account2403.credit agreement 信贷协定404.credit amount 信贷金额；赊帐金额；信用证金额405.credit analysis 信用分析406.credit balance 贷方余额，结欠，贷余407.credit bank 信贷银行408.credit beneficiary 信用证受益人409.credit business 赊售，信用买卖410.credit buying 赊购411.credit capital 信贷资本412.credit cards 信用卡413.credit control 信用控制414.credit control instrument 信用调节手段415.credit expansion 信用扩张416.credit extending policy 融资方针417.credit facility 信用透支418.credit limit 信用额度419.credit restriction 信用限额420.credit risk 信用风险421.credit union 信用合作社422.creditor bank 债权银行423.crop up (out) 出现，呈现424.cross hedge 交叉套做425.cross hedging 交叉保值426.cum dividend 附息427.cum rights 含权428.cumulative preferred stock 累积优先股429.currency futures 外币期货430.currency futures contract 货币期货合约431.current fund 流动基金432.current futures price 现时的期货价格433.current ratio 流动比率434.customize 按顾客的具体要求制作435.customs duty（tariffs）关税436.D/D (Banker's Demand Draft) 票汇437.daily interest 日息438.daily limit 每日涨（跌）停板439.date of delivery 交割期440.dealers 批发商441.death and gift tax 遗产和赠与税442.debt of honour 信用借款443.debtor bank 借方银行444.decision-making under risk 风险下的决策445.deed 契约446.deed tax 契税447.deferred savings 定期存款448.deficit covering 弥补赤字449.deficit-covering finance 赤字财政450.deflation 通货紧缩451.delivery date 交割日452.demand pull inflation 需求拉动通货膨胀453.demand-deposit or checking-accounts 活期存款或支票帐户454.deposit account (D/A) 存款帐户455.deposit at call 通知存款456.deposit bank 存款银行457.deposit money 存款货币458.deposit rate 存款利率459.deposit turnover 存款周转率460.depreciation risks 贬值风险461.derivative deposit 派生存款462.derived deposit 派生存款463.designated currency 指定货币464.deutsche marks (=DM) 西德马克465.devaluation of dollar 美元贬值466.developer 发展商467.Development Bank 开发银行468.development financing 发展融资469.devise 遗赠470.die intestate 死时没有遗嘱471.Diners card 大莱信用卡472.direct exchange 直接汇兑473.direct financing 直接融资474.direct hedging 直接套做475.direct leases 直接租赁476.direct taxation 直接税477.discount credit 贴现融资478.discount market 贴现市场479.discount on bills 票据贴现480.discount paid 已付贴现额481.discounted cash flow 净现金量482.discounting bank 贴现银行483.dishonour risks 拒付风险484.disintermediation 脱媒485.distant futures 远期期货486.diversification 分散投资487.dividends 红利488.document of title 物权单据489.documentary collection 跟单托收490.Documents against Acceptance,D/A 承兑交单491.Documents against Payment,D/P 付款交单492.domestic correspondent 国内通汇银行493.domestic deposit 国内存款494.domestic exchange 国内汇兑495.double leasing 双重租赁496.double mortgage 双重抵押497.double option 双向期权498.Dow Jones average 道·琼斯平均数499.down payment 首期500.downgrade 降级501.downside 下降趋势502.downtick 跌点交易503.Dragon card 龙卡504.draw 提款505.draw cheque 签发票据506.drawee bank 付款银行507.drawing account 提款帐户508.dual exchange market 双重外汇市场509.dual trading 双重交易510.due from other funds 应收其他基金款511.due to other funds 应付其他基金款512.dumping 抛售513.early warning system 预警系统514.easy credit 放松信贷515.economic exposure 经济风险516.efficient portfolio 有效证券组合517.electronic accounting machine 电子记帐机518.electronic cash 电子现金519.electronic cash register 电子收款机520.electronic debts 电子借贷521.electronic funds transfer 电子资金转帐522.electronic transfer 电子转帐523.emergency tariff 非常关税524.encumbrance 债权（在不动产上设定的债权）525.endorsement for collection 托收背书526.engage in arbitrage (to) 套汇527.entity n. 单位，整体，个体528.entrance fee 申请费529.equalization fund （外汇）平衡基金530.equipment leasing services 设备租赁业务531.equity portfolio 股票资产532.establishing bank 开证银行533.ethics risks 道德风险534.Euro-bank 欧洲银行535.Eurocard 欧洲系统卡536.European terms 欧洲标价法537.evaluation of property 房产估价538.evasion of foreign currency 逃汇539.exception clause 免责条款540.excess insurance 超额保险541.exchange adjustment 汇率调整542.exchange alteration 更改汇率543.exchange arbitrage 外汇套利544.exchange bank 外汇银行545.exchange broker 外汇经纪人546.exchange brokerage 外汇经纪人佣金547.exchange business 外汇业务548.exchange clearing agreement 外汇结算协定549.exchange clearing system 汇结算制550.exchange competition 外汇竞争551.exchange contract 外汇成交单552.exchange control 外汇管制553.exchange convertibility 外汇兑换554.exchange customs 交易所惯例555.exchange depreciation 外汇下降556.exchange dumping 汇率倾销557.exchange fluctuations 汇价变动558.exchange for forward delivery 远期外汇业务559.exchange for spot delivery 即期外汇业务560.exchange freedom 外汇自由兑换561.exchange loss 汇率损失562.exchange parity 外汇平价563.exchange position 外汇头寸564.exchange position 外汇头寸；外汇动态565.exchange premium 外汇升水566.exchange profit 外汇利润567.exchange proviso clause 外汇保值条款568.exchange quota system 外汇配额制569.exchange rate 汇价570.exchange rate fluctuations 外汇汇价的波动571.exchange rate parity 外汇兑换的固定汇率572.exchange rate risks 外汇汇率风险573.exchange reserves 外汇储备574.exchange restrictions 外汇限制575.exchange risk 外汇风险576.exchange risk 兑换风险577.exchange settlement 结汇578.exchange speculation 外汇投机579.exchange stability 汇率稳定580.exchange surrender certificate 外汇移转证581.exchange transactions 外汇交易582.exchange value 外汇价值583.exchange war 外汇战584.excise 货物税，消费税585.exercise date 执行日586.exercise price, striking price 履约价格，认购价格587.expenditure tax 支出税588.expenditure tax regime 支出税税制589.expenses incurred in the purchase 购买物业开支590.expiration date 到期日591.export and import bank 进出口银行592.export gold point 黄金输出点593.exposure 风险594.external account 对外帐户595.extraneous risks 附加险596.extrinsic value 外在价值597.face value 面值598.facultative insurance 临时保险599.fair and reasonable 公平合理600.far future risks 长远期风险601.farm subsidies 农产品补贴602.farmland occupancy tax 耕地占用税603.favourable exchange 顺汇604.fax base 税基605.feast tax 筵席税606.feathered assets 掺水资产607.fee 不动产608.fee interest 不动产产权609.fictions payee 虚构抬头人610.fictitious assets 虚拟资产611.fictitious capital 虚拟资本612.fiduciary a. 信托的，信用的，受信托的（人）613.fiduciary field 信用领域，信托领域614.finance broker 金融经纪人615.financial advising services 金融咨询服务616.financial arrangement 筹资安排617.financial crisis 金融危机618.financial forward contract 金融远期合约619.financial futures 金融期货620.financial futures contract 金融期货合约621.financial insolvency 无力支付622.financial institutions' deposit 同业存款623.financial lease 金融租赁624.financial risk 金融风险625.financial statement analysis 财务报表分析626.financial system 金融体系627.financial transaction 金融业务628.financial unrest 金融动荡629.financial world 金融界630.first mortgage 第一抵押权631.fiscal and monetary policy 财政金融政策632.fixed assets 固定资产633.fixed assets ratio 固定资产比率634.fixed assets turnover ratio 固定资产周转率635.fixed capital 固定资本636.fixed costs 固定成本637.fixed deposit (=time deposit) 定期存款638.fixed deposit by installment 零存整取639.fixed exchange rate 固定汇率640.fixed par of exchange 法定汇兑平价641.fixed savings withdrawal 定期储蓄提款642.fixed-rate leases 固定利率租赁643.flexibility and mobility 灵活性与机动性644.flexibility of exchange rates 汇率伸缩性645.flexible exchange rate 浮动汇率646.floating exchange rate 浮动汇率647.floating policy 流动保险单648.floating-rate leases 浮动利率租赁649.floor 带利率下限的期权650.floor broker 场内经纪人651.fluctuations in prices 汇率波动652.foregift 权利金653.foreign banks 外国银行654.foreign correspondent 国外代理银行655.foreign currency futures 外汇期货656.foreign enterprises income tax 外国企业所得税657.foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券658.foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机659.foreign exchange cushion 外汇缓冲660.foreign exchange dumping 外汇倾销661.foreign exchange earnings 外汇收入662.foreign exchange liabilities 外汇负债663.foreign exchange loans 外汇贷款664.foreign exchange parity 外汇平价665.foreign exchange quotations 外汇行情666.foreign exchange regulations 外汇条例667.foreign exchange reserves 外汇储备668.foreign exchange restrictions 外汇限制669.foreign exchange retaining system 外汇留存制670.foreign exchange risk 外汇风险671.foreign exchange services 外汇业务672.foreign exchange transaction centre 外汇交易中心673.forward exchange 期货外汇674.forward exchange intervention 期货外汇干预675.forward exchange sold 卖出期货外汇676.forward foreign exchange 远期外汇汇率677.forward operation 远期（经营）业务678.forward swap 远期掉期679.fraternal insurance 互助保险680.free depreciation 自由折旧681.free foreign exchange 自由外汇682.freight tax 运费税683.fringe bank 边缘银行684.full insurance 定额保险685.full payout leases 充分偿付租赁686.full progressive income tax 全额累进所得税687.fund 资金、基金688.fund account 基金帐户689.fund allocation 基金分配690.fund appropriation 基金拨款691.fund balance 基金结存款692.fund demand 资金需求693.fund for relief 救济基金694.fund for special use 专用基金695.fund in trust 信托基金696.fund liability 基金负债697.fund obligation 基金负担698.fund raising 基金筹措699.fundamental insurance 基本险700.funds statement 资金表701.futures commission merchants 期货经纪公司702.futures contract 期货合约703.futures delivery 期货交割704.futures margin 期货保证金705.futures market 期货市场706.futures price 期货价格707.futures transaction 期货交易708.FX futures contract 外汇期货合约709.galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀710.gap 跳空711.general endorsement 不记名背书712.general fund 普通基金713.general mortgage 一般抵押714.Giro bank 汇划银行715.given rate 已知汇率716.go long 买进，多头717.go short 短缺；卖空，空头718.going away 分批买进719.going rate 现行汇率720.Gold Ear Credit Card 金穗卡ernment revenue 政府收入722.graduated reserve requirement 分级法定准备金723.Great Wall card 长城卡724.gross cash flow 现金总流量725.guarantee of payment 付款保证726.guaranteed fund 保证准备金727.hammering the market 打压市场728.handling charge 手续费729.harmony of fiscal and monetary policies 财政政策和金融政策的协调730.hedge 套头交易731.hedge against inflation 为防通货膨胀而套购732.hedge buying 买进保值期货733.hedge fund 套利基金734.hedging mechanism 规避机制735.hedging risk 套期保值风险736.hire purchase 租购737.hit the bid 拍板成交738.hoarded money 储存的货币739.holding the market 托盘740.horizontal price movement 横盘741.hot issue 抢手证券742.hot money deposits 游资存款743.hot stock 抢手股票744.house property tax 房产税745.hypothecation 抵押746.idle capital 闲置资本747.idle cash (money) 闲散现金，游资748.idle demand deposits 闲置的活期存款749.immobilized capital 固定化的资产750.immovable property 不动产751.import regulation tax 进口调节税752.imposition 征税；税；税款753.imprest bank account 定额银行存款专户754.in force （法律上）有效的755.in the tank 跳水756.inactive market 不活跃市场757.income in kind 实物所得758.income tax liabilities 所得税责任，所得税债务759.income taxes 所得税760.indemnity 赔偿，补偿761.indirect arbitrage 间接套汇762.indirect finance 间接金融763.indirect hedging 间接套做764.indirect leases 间接租赁（即：杠杆租赁）765.indirect rate 间接汇率766.indirect taxation 间接税767.individual income regulation tax 个人调节税768.individual income tax 个人所得税769.individual savings 私人储蓄770.Industrial and Commercial Bank of China 中国工商银行771.industrial financing 工业融资772.industrial-commercial consolidated tax 工商统一税773.industrial-commercial income tax 工商所得税774.industrial-commercial tax 工商税775.inflation 通货膨胀776.inflation rate 通货膨胀率777.inflationary spiral 螺旋式上升的通货膨胀778.inflationary trends 通货膨胀趋势779.infrastructure bank 基本建设投资银行780.initial margin 初始保证金781.initial margin 期初保证权782.initial margins 初始保证金783.initial reserve 初期准备金784.insider 内幕人785.installment savings 零存整取储蓄786.institution 机构投资者787.insurance appraiser 保险损失评价人788.insurance broker 保险经纪人789.insurance contract 保险契约，保险合同790.insurance saleman 保险外勤791.insurance services 保险业务792.insure against fire 保火险793.insured 被保险人794.interbank market 银行同业市场795.inter-business credit 同行放帐796.interest on deposit 存款利息797.interest per annum 年息798.interest per month 月息799.interest rate futures contract 利率期货合约800.interest rate policy 利率政策801.interest rate position 利率头寸802.interest rate risk 利率风险803.interest restriction 利息限制804.interest subsidy 利息补贴805.interest-rate risk 利息率风险806.interim finance 中间金融807.intermediary bank 中间银行808.intermediate account 中间帐户809.internal reserves 内部准备金810.international banking services 国际银行业务811.International Investment Bank (IIB) 国际投资银行813.in-the-money 有内在价值的期权814.intraday 日内815.intrinsic utility 内在效用816.intrinsic value 实际价值，内部价值817.inward documentary bill for collection 进口跟单汇票，进口押汇（汇票）818.isolation of risk 风险隔离819.issue bank 发行银行820.JCB card JCB卡821.joint financing 共同贷款822.key risk 关键风险823.kill a bet 终止赌博nd use tax 土地使用税rge deposit 大额存款rge leases 大型租赁tent inflation 潜在的通货膨胀tent inflation 潜在的通货膨胀829.lease agreement 租约830.lease and release 租借和停租831.lease broker 租赁经纪人832.lease financing 租赁筹租833.lease immovable 租借的不动产834.lease in perpetuity 永租权835.lease insurance 租赁保险836.lease interest insurance 租赁权益保险837.lease land 租赁土地838.lease mortgage 租借抵押839.lease out 租出840.lease property 租赁财产841.lease purchase 租借购买842.lease rental 租赁费843.lease territory 租借地844.leaseback 回租845.leasebroker 租赁经纪人846.leased immovable 租借的不动产847.leasehold 租赁土地848.leasehold 租借期，租赁营业，租赁权849.leasehold property 租赁财产850.leaseholder 租赁人851.leaseholder 承租人，租借人852.leases agent 租赁代理853.leases arrangement 租赁安排854.leases company 租赁公司855.leases structure 租赁结构856.leasing 出租857.leasing agreement 租赁协议858.leasing amount 租赁金额859.leasing asset 出租财产，租赁财产860.leasing clauses 租赁条款861.leasing consultant 租赁顾问862.leasing contract 租赁合同863.leasing cost 租赁成本864.leasing country 承租国865.leasing division 租赁部866.leasing equipment 租赁设备867.leasing industry 租赁业868.leasing industry (trade) 租赁业869.leasing money 租赁资金871.leasing regulations 租赁条例872.legal interest 法定利息873.legal tender 法定货币874.legal tender 本位货币，法定货币875.lessee 承租人，租户876.lessor 出租人877.letter of confirmation 确认书878.letter transfer 信汇879.leveraged leases 杠杆租赁880.lien 扣押权，抵押权881.life insurance 人寿保险882.life of assets 资产寿命883.limit order 限价指令884.limited floating rate 有限浮动汇率885.line of business 行业，营业范围，经营种类886.liquidation 清仓887.liquidity 流动性888.liquidity of bank 银行资产流动性889.listed stock 上市股票890.livestock transaction tax 牲畜交易税891.loan account 贷款帐户892.loan amount 贷款额893.loan at call 拆放894.loan bank 放款银行895.loan volume 贷款额896.loan-deposit ratio 存放款比率897.loans to financial institutions 金融机构贷款898.loans to government 政府贷款899.local bank 地方银行900.local income tax (local surtax) 地方所得税901.local surtax 地方附加税902.local tax 地方税903.long arbitrage 多头套利904.long position 多头头寸905.long position 多头寸；买进的期货合同906.long-term certificate of deposit 长期存款单907.long-term credit bank 长期信用银行908.long-term finance 长期资金融通909.loss leader 特价商品，亏损大项910.loss of profits insurance 收益损失保险911.loss on exchange 汇兑损失912.low-currency dumping 低汇倾销913.low-currency dumping 低汇倾销914.M/T (= Mail Transfer) 信汇915.main bank 主要银行916.maintenance margin 最低保证金，维持保证金917.major market index 主要市场指数918.management risk 管理风险919.managing bank of a syndicate 财团的经理银行920.manipulation 操纵921.margin 保证金922.margin call 保证金通知923.margin call 追加保证金的通知924.margin money 预收保证金，开设信用证保证金925.margin rate 保证金率926.markdown 跌价927.market discount rate 市场贴现率929.market makers 造市者930.market order 市价订单931.market risk 市场风险932.marketability 流动性933.market-clearing 市场结算934.Master card 万事达卡935.matching 搭配936.mature liquid contracts 到期合约937.maximum limit of overdraft 透支额度938.measures for monetary ease 金融缓和措施939.medium rate 中间汇率940.medium-term finance 中期金融941.member bank 会员银行lion card 百万卡943.minimum cash requirements 最低现金持有量（需求）944.minimum reserve ratio 法定最低准备比率945.mint parity 法定平价946.monetary action 金融措施947.monetary aggregates 货币流通额948.monetary and credit control 货币信用管理949.monetary and financial crisis 货币金融危机950.monetary area 货币区951.monetary assets 货币性资产952.monetary base 货币基础953.monetary circulation 货币流通954.monetary device 金融调节手段955.monetary ease 银根松动956.monetary market 金融市场957.monetary market 金融市场958.monetary risk 货币风险959.monetary stringency 银根奇紧960.monetary unit 货币单位961.money capital 货币资本962.money collector 收款人963.money credit 货币信用964.money down 付现款965.money equivalent 货币等价966.money paid on account 定金967.money-flow analysis 货币流量分析968.money-over-money leases 货币加成租赁969.moral hazard 道德风险970.mortgage bank 抵押银行971.motor vehicle and highway user tax 机动车和公路使用税972.movables all risks insurance 动产综合保险973.movables insurance 动产保险974.multinational bank 跨国银行975.multiunit 公寓楼976.mutual insurance company 相互保险公司977.national bank 国家银行978.nationalized bank 国有化银行979.near money 准货币980.nearby contracts 近期合约981.nearby futures 近期期货982.nearby risks 近期风险983.negotiability 流通性984.negotiating bank 议付银行985.nesting 配套。
金融学 six-ten
（1）有选择权； （2）有追索权； （3）收取偿付费用的权利。
金融系 刘玲
9
பைடு நூலகம்
总结：
信用证的基本当事人：开证行、通知行、受益人、申 请人； 付款后对受益人具有追索权的银行：议付行（议付行 与付款行的本质区别）； 不受单和审单的银行：偿付行（实际上并未参加到信 用证业务中来） ； 承兑行、付款行所负的付款责任与开证行完全一致 （都是信用证下第一性的付款人）； 五种付款可能：开证行、付款行、议付行、承兑行、 保兑行。
Payment
Issuing Bank
金融系 刘玲
11
6.2.2 According to the adding of confirmation 1. Confirmed credit
A credit that carries the commitment to pay by both the issuing bank and the advising bank.It is advising to the beneficiary with another bank’s confirmation added thereto.It constitutes a definite undertaking of the confirming bank,in addition to that of the issuing bank, provided that the stipulated documents are presented to the conditions of the documentary credit are complied with ,to pay ,to accept draft(s)or to negotiate. Confirmation is only added to an irrevocable credit at the request of the issuing bank.It is used when the seller does not have confidence that the issuing bank can effectively guarantee payment.Therefore,if the issuing bank is considered to be a first class bank,there may not be any need to have its documentary credit confirmed by another bank.
新编金融英语教程 Chapter6 Financial Markets
6.2 Key Points
6.2.2 Forms of Financial Markets
Debt and equity markets
issue a debt instrument，issue equities
Primary and secondary markets
new issues of a security, such as a bond or a stock； The New York and American stock exchanges，foreign exchange markets, futures markets, and options markets.
Exchanges and Over-the-Counter Markets
dealers at different locations who have an inventory of securities stand ready to buy and sell securities “over the counter” to anyone who comes to them and is willing to accept their prices.
6.4 Follow-up Tasks
III. Short Answer Questions Directions: Answer each of the following questions briefly.
( ) 6. maturity date
F. 不对称
( ) 7. New York Stock Exchange G. 债务工具
(NYSE)
( ) 8. private investor ( ) 9. trading volume ( ) 10. The increased liquidity
金融机构英文课件 (6)
l The cost to Deutsche Bank was about $200 million
Interactions of Risks
Credit Risk
LGD and PD depend on market value
RAROC 0.025100 0.01100 0.007 100 20% 4.0
If interest on the economic capital is included and the risk free rate is 2% this becomes 0.88 22% 4.0
Reputation Risk
One-year Market Risk Gains/Loss Distribution (Figure 26..35
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
-6 Gain-4
-2
0
2
4 Loss6
One-year Credit Risk Loss Distribution (Figure 26.4, page 550)
Example 26.5 (page 558)
l When lending in a certain region of the world an AA-rated bank estimates its average losses from defaults as 1% of outstanding loans per year
Market Risk
Operational risks can be contingent on market moves or credit events
金融英语6解析
6
Loans and leasing generate interest income, and other services that banks offer institutional customers generate fee income. These services include management of the assets of private and public pension funds, fiduciary and custodial services, and cash management services such as account maintenance, check clearing, and electronic transfers.
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
4
Loans to nonfinancial corporations, financial corporations (such as life insurance companies), and government entities (state and local governments in the U.S. and foreign governments) fall into the category of institutional banking. Also included in this category are commercial real estate financing, leasing activities, and factoring.
capital market：资本市场
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第6课
第一部分：租赁- 对商业银行的一项重要中介服务之一
商业银行执行许多功能，一些中心其在经济和其他更多的外围设备的主要作用。
虽然贷款及接受存款一直是商业银行的中心，在过去几年目睹了两个类型的一般激增和银行服务的数量。
这已引起激增，部分由政府放松管制，但最重要的竞争压力。
商业银行的三个主要职能是相互联系的：金钱的创造，通过贷款和投资活动，持有的存款来完成;以及为支付和资金转移机制的规定。
他们都涉及到银行在对货币和信贷在经济中流动的整体管理的重要作用。
提供其他服务主要通过绘制一个单一的机构提供完整的资金管理和配套服务。
如信托管理和租赁这些服务，有些本身可能是有利可图的，其他人可能只是为了吸引存户提供给银行。
租赁是一种多种方式，可以为银行融资的客户的资本投资。
租赁合同是授予拥有土地，建筑物，物业单位，办公室，机械或其他动产为一个指定的固定或不确定时期，一说考虑，通常是定期支付租金已知或在土地的情况下，地面，租金。
由于仅仅是占有和使用财产是通过向用户在租赁业主传达，财产归还给所有者在大多数情况下结束仸期。
该租赁是指用于商业用途灵活的设备。
与其占用的所有权，不动产或个人财产，占有和使用财产的收购资金可能是曾经为中或出租的租金，这是一个做生意的税收扣除费用的考虑表示仸期。
租赁可分为：资本租赁（融资租赁）和经营租赁。
融资租赁：在租赁合同的目标是，或者对财产的使用在其使用寿命提供资金大部分为对财产的最终购买承租人，合同被称为资本租赁（或融资租赁）。
融资租赁是一种固定的长期租赁，通常是不可取消的，由企业用于融资资本设备，出租人的服务是有限的融资资产。
融资租赁的作品以下列方式：租赁公司选择资产，租赁公司购买它的，承租人使用的资产和纳税与维护，并具有一个指定的价格购买在租赁期结束资产选择。
它也被称为全支付租赁，因为租赁缴足在其生命周期了。
融资租赁，实质上，资产的购买和记负债。
承租人分类作为资本性租赁，如果符合以下仸何条件之一：
●该物业的出租人所有权转移到由承租人在租赁期结束。
●出租人包含一个选项，以低廉的价格购买租赁物。
●租期等于或大于75，估计在百分之租赁物的经济生活。
●在对租赁的最低租赁付款现值，仸期自至少90当时的租赁物业的公平值％。
经营租赁：经营租赁是一个比对租赁资产的经济寿命较短期间写的租约。
这些租赁设备制造商经常写的，谁有望收回的设备和释放给其他用户。
包括商业银行和金融公司经营租赁写。
撤销经营租赁契约，这意味着该设备可在仸何时候返回，如果它变得过时或不再需要。
杠杆租赁：这是一个最流行的融资租赁和特种今天。
在此租赁，租赁设备的购买，然后给承租人使用，只有20％，-40由出租人和60％-80％等金融机构为银行或保险公司作为投资的设备成本％一，条件无追索权贷款，租赁设备购买应该被视为抵押贷款，而且，作为进一步的保障，有权获得定期支付租金应转移到上述金融机构，谁有权收回如果承租人的资产发生违约，采购成本的部分债务被称为杠杆作用，为出租人可以得到扣除折旧或投资税收抵免。
有关各方，包括承租人，出租人和长期债权人，通常是银行或其他金融机构。
像金融租赁，杠杆租赁是不可撤销和全支付租金。
第二部分：商业银行市场营销
商业银行市场营销的演变，通过五个阶段：
1。
广告，促销和宣传。
在早期阶段，市场营销进入了银行不要的形式：“营销理念”。
但在“广告和促销的概念”的形式。
银行提供雨伞，收音机等“来项”，吸引新的客户帐户。
他们的竞争对手被迫采取同样的措施，并聘请广告公司和销售推广专家。
2。
微笑和友好的气氛。
商业银行了解到，吸引人们到银行很容易，他们转换成忠诚的客户是很难的。
这些银行开始制定方案，以取悦顾客。
银行家学会微笑。
银行内部进行了重新设计，生产热情，友好的气氛中。
竞争对手很快推出了友好的培训和装饰改善类似的方案。
不久，所有的银行是如此友好，友善失去其在银行的选择因素果断。
3。
市场营销是细分和创新。
银行发现了一个新的竞争工具，当他们开始分割市场和创新为每个目标细分市场的新产品。
花旗银行为例，如今能够提供超过500个客户的金融产品。
金融服务是很容易复制，是短暂的独特优势。
但是，如果同样的投资银行在不断创新，它可以保持领先于其他银行。
4。
营销是定位。
当所有的银行会发生什么广告，微笑和创新？他们被迫寻找新的基础上竞争。
他们开始认识到，没有银行可以提供所有产品，并应为所有客户提供最好的银行。
一家银行必须研究其机会和“采取的立场”。
超越的形象定位。
在图像制作银行努力培养作为一个大型的，友好的，或有效的银行在客户的心目中的形象。
它通常开发一种象征，如狮子或袋鼠以独特的方式在一个戏剧化的个性。
然而，客户可能会看到银行的竞争基本上一样，除了选择的符号。
定位是为了区分沿实际尺寸的竞争对手银行为了成为某些细分市场的首选银行。
定位的目的是帮助客户了解竞争对手之间，银行真正的差别，使它们能够与自己的银行表示最能满足他们的需求。
5。
市场营销是市场营销分析，规划和控制。
有一个较高的银行营销理念。
问题在于，银行已经安装了营销分析，策划，实施和控制的有效系统。
一个大银行，已取得了广告，友善，分割，创新，定位复杂，但缺乏市场营销计划和控制好系统。
每个会计年度，商业贷款人员提交其体积的目标，通常为10％，比上年的目标更高。
他们还要求对10％的预算增长。
没有理由的计划伴随着这些意见。
高层管理人员感到满意，谁取得他们的目标，一个信贷员，认为是一个好演员，退休，被一个年轻男子，谁着手增加贷款量在50％以下的一年取代。
据悉，该银行痛苦它没有控制的市场研究来衡量它的各种市场的潜力，要求营销计划，设置配额，拨款管理，并制定奖励制度。