2013党校经管研究生英汉对照UNIT1

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2013考研真题英语1

2013考研真题英语1The 2013 Postgraduate English Exam Question 1In recent years, there has been a growing trend of individuals pursuing higher education in China. This can be seen through the increasing number of applicants for the postgraduate entrance examination. It is important to analyze the 2013 English exam question 1 from the perspective of those who took the exam. This article will provide a comprehensive analysis of the question, as well as offer strategies to effectively tackle similar questions in the future.The 2013 English exam question 1 focused on the topic of "social networking sites." Candidates were required to read a passage and then answer four multiple-choice questions based on the passage. The passage discussed the impact of social networking sites on social interactions and the advantages and disadvantages of such platforms.The passage began by stating that social networking sites have revolutionized the way people communicate and interact with each other. It highlighted the convenience and efficiency that these platforms offer in terms of connecting with friends, sharing information, and even finding job opportunities. The passage also mentioned the potential risks and negative effects of social networking sites, such as privacy concerns, addiction, and the spread of false information.The first question asked candidates about the main purpose of social networking sites. The correct answer was "to facilitate communication andconnection." This question aimed to test the candidates' understanding of the passage and their ability to identify the central idea.The second question focused on the advantages of social networking sites. The correct answer was "convenience." This question tested the candidates' ability to comprehend specific details and examples provided in the passage.The third question addressed the potential risks of social networking sites. The correct answer was "privacy concerns." This question tested the candidates' ability to grasp negative consequences mentioned in the passage and understand their implications.The fourth and final question asked candidates about the attitude of the author towards social networking sites. The correct answer was "neutral." This question aimed to test the candidates' ability to infer the author's perspective based on the provided information.To successfully approach such multiple-choice questions, it is crucial to follow some strategies. Firstly, candidates should carefully read the passage, paying attention to the main ideas and supporting details. This will provide a solid foundation for answering the questions correctly. Secondly, candidates should eliminate options that are clearly incorrect, narrowing down the choices to increase the chances of selecting the right answer. Thirdly, candidates should rely on their comprehension of the passage rather than making assumptions or guessing. Finally, time management is key to successfully completing all the questions within the allocated time.In conclusion, the 2013 English exam question 1 assessed candidates' understanding of the impact of social networking sites on social interactions.By carefully reading the passage and applying effective strategies, candidates were able to accurately answer the multiple-choice questions. It is important for future candidates to practice similar question formats and enhance their reading comprehension skills.。

研究生学位英语课文全文翻译-unit1

Unit1 从能力到责任[全文翻译]1 当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。

他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。

年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。

处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。

一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。

一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。

2 最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。

尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。

一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。

”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。

在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?3毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。

美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。

那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。

所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。

设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?4核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。

5 类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。

研究生综合英语1翻译

目录第一部分课文参考译文第一单元课文：如何应对恭维补充阅读：用幽默化解难题第二单元课文：形象还是表象补充阅读：成功孕育成功第三单元课文：乔治兄弟补充阅读：教堂司事福尔曼第四单元课文：安乐死有时合情合理补充阅读：危急关头，她拒绝实施安乐死的请求第五单元课文：从业场所犹如猎偶战场补充阅读：你们男人还想兼而得之！第六单元课文：永存的美补充阅读：该是结束谣言的时候了第七单元课文：令人烦恼的二十年岁补充阅读：可预测的成年危机第八单元课文：异化社会里的工作补充阅读：论工作第九单元课文：究竟还有无隐私？补充阅读：隐私与媒体：神圣何在？第十单元课文：隐形说客补充阅读：新的说客（依旧隐形）第二部分练习参考答案第一单元如何应对恭维H·艾伦·史密斯尽管我确信蓄胡子会使我更加气度不凡，走在大街上会使女性发笑，但我从不留胡子，原因是我不敢冒险，因为哪怕蓄一点点胡子也很危险，它会招来别人的恭维。

例如，如果一位女士走到我跟前，说道：“你的胡子最迷人，”我会无所适从，不知怎样回答才好。

我可能会惊慌得脱口而出：“我也喜欢您的胡子。

”在社会交往中，应对恭维比对付辱骂要艰难得多，这话听起来有点矛盾，却有一定的道理。

闲聊时来句恭维话，往往让我们大多数人不知所措。

例如，有人对我们说上一句动听、赞美的话，我们就慌得说不出话来，膝盖开始瑟瑟发抖。

如果别人称赞不是真正属于我自己的东西时，我根本无法欣然接受。

我家住在一个小山上，俯瞰山下一片宽广的谷地。

来访者惊叹道：“天哪！你这儿的景色太美了！”整个山谷原本就在那里，不是我造的，也不属于我。

然而我傻乎乎地笑着说：“噢，没什么——无非是过去留下的一片土地而已。

”我在接受这种特定的恭维时，表示最能完全接受的说法就是“嗯，我们喜欢。

”采用这种答话必须得小心谨慎。

就某样东西说“我们喜欢”，言外之意就是，还有许多其他人都认为它很令人讨厌。

不久前，我和一批人在一起时，其中有位来自澳大利亚的地球物理学家在滔滔不绝地谈论宇宙中的奇观。

党校在职研究生经济学英语第一学期考试内容

非谓语动词（一）不定式1、我答应留下来帮他复习功课。

I promised to stay and help him (to) review his lesson.2、让我带你去看看要用作语音实验室的那个房间吧。

Let me show you the room to be used as the language lab.3、为了给家里多挣钱，他业余时间卖报纸。

To earn more money for his family, he sold newspapers in his spare time.4、我有一本好书给你看。

I have a good book for you to read.5、汤姆是一个可信赖的人。

Tom is a man to depend on.6、他打开收音机让她女儿听英语。

He turned on the radio for his daughter to listen to English.7、他母亲听到这个消息，感到惊奇。

His mother was surprised to hear the news.8、玛丽父亲决定不送她去日本学习。

Mary’s father decided not to send her to study in Japan.9、你能告诉我哪里能买到这本书吗？Can you tell me where to buy the book？10、他们似乎在谈论重要的新闻。

They seemed to be talking about some important news.11、下个月要动工建的那座桥是这座城市最宽最长的桥。

The bridge to be built next month is the widest and longest one in this city.12、那本小说据说已被译成多种语言了。

The novel is said to have been translated into several languages.13、我们认为由他来做这项工作较合适。

研究生综合英语(下)unit1-2-6课文中英对照翻译

The Hidden Side of HappinessPleasure only gets you so far. A rich, rewarding life often requires a messy battle with adversity.幸福隐藏的另一面愉悦舒适不能指引你领略人生的全部，与逆境的艰苦搏斗常常会使人生变得丰富而有意义Hurricanes, house fires, cancer, whitewater rafting accidents, plane crashes, vicious attacks in dark alleyways. Nobody asks for any of it. But to their surprise, many people find that enduring such a harrowing ordeal ultimately changes them for the better. Their refrain might go something like this: "I wish it hadn't happened, but I'm a better person for it."1、飓风、房屋失火、癌症、激流飘筏失事、坠机、黄昏小巷遭歹徒袭击，没人想找到这些但出人意料的是，很多人发现遭受这样一次痛苦的磨难最终会使他们向好的方面转变。

他们可能都会这样说：“希望这事没发生，但因为它我变得更完美了。

”We love to hear the stories of people who have been transformed by their tribulations, perhaps because they testify to a bona fide psychological truth, one that sometimes gets lost amid endless reports of disaster: There is a built-in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances. Positive reactions to profoundly disturbing experiences are not limited to the toughest or the bravest. In fact, roughly half the people who struggle with adversity say that their lives have in some ways improved.2、我们都爱听人们经历苦难后发生转变的故事，可能是因为这些故事证实了一条真正心理学上的真理，这条真理有时会湮没在无数关于灾难的报道中：在最困难的境况中，人所具有的一种内在的奋发向上的能力会迸发出来。

2013硕士研究生考试英语(一)真题

2013硕士研究生考试英语（一）真题People are，on the whole，poor at considering background information when making individual. At first glance this might seem like a strength that __1__the ability to make judgment which are unbiased by___2___ factors. But Dr Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big __3___ was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with.__4___ ，he theorized that a judges __5__ of appearing too soft __6__ crime might be more likely to send someone to prison __7__ he had already sentend five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.To 8 this idear，he turned to the university-admissions process.In theory，the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day，but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 .He studied the results of 9，323 MBA interviews 12 by 31 admissions officers.The interviews had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five .This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration.The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant’s score on the Graduate Management Admission Test，or GMAT，a standardized exam which is 16 out of 800 points，to make a decision on whether to accept him or herDr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might souond small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20.1.[A] grants [B]submits [C]transmits [D]delives2.[A]minor [B]objective [C]crucial [D]external3.[A]issue [B]vision [C]picture [D]moment4.[A]For example [B]On average [C]In principle [D]Above all5.[A]fond [B]fearful [C]capable [D]thoughtless6.[A]in [B]on [C]to [D]for7.[A]if [B]until [C]though [D]unless8.[A]promote [B]emphasize [C]share [D]test9.[A]decision [B]quality [C]status [D]success10.[A]chosen [B]studied [C]found [D]identified11. (A)exceptional （B）defensible （C）replaceable （D）otherwise12. （A）inspired （B）expressed （C）conducted （D）secured13. （A）assigned （B）rated （C）matched （D）arranged14. （A）put （B）got （C）gave （D）took15. （A）instead （B ）then （C）ever （D）rather16. （A）selected （B）passed （C）marked （D）introduced17. （A）before （B）after （C）above （D）below18. (A)jump （B）flat （C）drop （D）fluctuate19. （A）achieve （B）undo （C）maintain （D）disregard20. （A）promising （B）possible （C）necessary （D）helpfulText 2An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half . In the internet age, at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced . By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and DigltalAdwertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests.On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. Atter all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft's chief privacy officer, bloggde:"we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:[A] ease competition among themselves[B] lower their operational costs[C] avoid complaints from consumers[D]provide better online services27. “The industry” (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:[A] online advertisers[B] e-commerce conductors[C] digital information analysis[D]internet browser developers28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default[A] many cut the number of junk ads[B] fails to affect the ad industry[C] will not benefit consumers[D]goes against human nature29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph.6?[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:[A] indulgence[B] understanding[C] appreciaction[D] skepticismtext4On a five to three vote，the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Construction，the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset. The balance of power between the federal government and the states。

2013年研究生入学统一考试英语一试题

2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishPeople are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to probation on that day.To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 .He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews, 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant's score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardised exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 .1.[A] grant [B] submits [C] transmits [D] delivers2.[A] minor [B]objective [C] crucial [D] external3.[A] issue [B] vision [C] picture [D] moment4.[A] For example [B] On average [C] In principle[D] Above all5.[A] fond [B]fearful [C] capable [D] thoughtless6.[A] in [B] on [C] to [D] for7.[A] if [B]until [C] though [D] unless8.[A] promote [B]emphasize [C] share [D] test9.[A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success11.[A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise12.[A] inspired [B]expressed [C] conducted [D] secured13.[A] assigned [B]rated [C] matched [D] arranged14.[A] put [B]got [C]gave [D] took15.[A]instead [B]then [C] ever [D] rather16.[A]selected [B]passed [C] marked [D] introduced17.[A]before [B] after [C] above [D] below18.[A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate19.[A]achieve [B]undo [C] maintain [D]disregard20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpfulSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scold her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater desce nded over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of ―fast fashion‖. In the last decades or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quckier turnrounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent releases, and more profit. Those labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposal—— meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that——and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks.By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking all industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a 5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage, overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amount of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma. Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable, and wasteful,‖ Cline argues, Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year——about 64 items per person——and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named SKB, who, since 2008 has make all of her own clothes——and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example, can’t be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment——including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection Line——Cline believes lasting-change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping mo re sustainably when they can’t afford to it.21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her[A] poor bargaining skill. [B] insensitivity to fashion.[C] obsession with high fashion.[D]lack of imagination.22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to[A] combat unnecessary waste. [B] shut out the feverish fashion world.[C] resist the influence of advertisements.[D] shop for their garments more frequently.23. The word ―indictment‖ (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to[A] accusation.[B] enthusiasm.[C] indifference.[D] tolerance.24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph?[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.25. What is the subject of the text?[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.Text 2An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half . In the internet age, at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced . By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim ―behavioural‖ ads at those most likely to buy.In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of suchfine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digltal Adwertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests.On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. Atter all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft's chief privacy officer, bloggde:"we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that ―behavioural‖ ads help advertisers to:[A] ease competition among themselves[B] lower their operational costs[C] avoid complaints from consumers [D]provide better online services27. ―The industry‖ (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:[A] online advertisers[B] e-commerce conductors[C] digital information analysis[D]internet browser developers28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default[A] many cut the number of junk ads [B] fails to affect the ad industry[C] will not benefit consumers [D]goes against human nature29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph.6?[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:[A] indulgence[B] understanding[C] appreciaction[D] skepticismText 3Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely - though by no means uniformly - glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years - so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years . Look up Homo sapiens in the "Red List" of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) ,and you will read: "Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence .Perhaps willfully , it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today's technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy. But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by[A] our desire for lives of fulfillment[B] our faith in science and technology[C] our awareness of potential risks[D] our belief in equal opportunity32. The IUCN’s ―Red List‖ suggest that human being are[A] a sustained species[B] a threaten to the environment[C] the world’s dominant power[D] a misplaced race33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?[A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.[B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.[C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise. [D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to[A] explore our planet’s abundant resources[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world[C] draw on our experience from the past [D] curb our ambition to reshape history35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Uncertainty about Our Future[B] Evolution of the Human Species[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind [D] Science, Technology and HumanityText 4On a five to three vote, the Supreme Cou rt knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional princ iples that Washington alone has the power to ―establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ‖and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial . Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately ―occupied the field‖ and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers.However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as ―a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power‖.The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities,even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with .Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their ownresources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.37. On which of the following did the Justices agree,according to Paragraph4?[A] Federal officers’ duty to withhold immigrants’information.[B] States’ independ ence from federal immigration law.[C] States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts[A] violated the Constitution.[B] undermined the states’ interests.[C] supported the federal statute.[D] stood in favor of the states.39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement[A] outweighs that held by the states.[B] is dependent on the states’ support.[C] is established by federal statutes.[D] rarely goes against state laws.40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion.[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.Part BDirections:In the following artic le, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The social sciences are flourishing.As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security,sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to arificial fertilizers . Here , too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.(42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter:there is no radical innovation without creative destruction .Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates,rather than on topics with external impact.Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords ―environmental changed‖ or ―climate change‖ have increased rapidly since 2004,(43)____When social scientists do tackle practical issues ,their scope is often local:Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.The trick is to direct these funds better.The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists.This year,it was proposed that system be changed:Horizon 2020,a new program to be enacted in 2014,would not have such a category ,This has resulted in protests from social scientists.But the intention is not to neglect social science ; rather ,the complete opposite.(45)____That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.[A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of social scientists:one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly specialized journals,and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere,such as policy briefs.[B] However,the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the 100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these Keywords.[C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.[D] the solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones.[E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior . all require behavioral change and social innovations , as well as technological development . Stemming climate change , for example , is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.[F] Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems . And in Europe , some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category forsocial-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development .[G] During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education,non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.Part B: (10 points)Section III Translation46. Directions: Translate the following text from English to Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2. (10 points)Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; (46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that , for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak os various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.One of these urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a ―still point of the turning world,‖ to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. (47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the foemer becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by t he structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment. (48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such. In so doing they give composu re to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, (49)most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call arrangement of materials, an institution of colors, small pool of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world. (50)It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden thoug h in a ―liberated‖ sense, to describe these synthetic constructions. In them we can see biophilia- a yearning for contact with nonhuman life-assuming uncanny representational forms.Section III WritingParty A51 Directions:Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest.You should include the details you think necessary.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail. Use ―Li Ming‖ instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B: (20 points)Part B52 Directions:Write an essay of about 160 – 200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should(1) describe the drawing briefly,(2) interpret its intended meaning, and(3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)。

研究生英语综合课本1-3课翻译translation Unit1-3

Unit One[1] 你看酒杯是半杯有酒而不是半杯空着的吗？你的眼睛是盯着炸面圈，而不是它中间的孔吗? 当研究者们仔细观察积极思维的作用时，这些陈词滥调突然间都成了科学问题。

Do you see the glass as half-full rather than half empty? Do you keep your eye upon the doughnut ,not upon the hole? Suddenly these cliches are scientific questions ,as researchers scrutinize the power of positive thinking.[2] 迅速增多的大量研究工作——迄今已有104 个研究项目，涉及大约15 000人——证明乐观的态度可以使你更快乐、更健康、更成功。

与此相反，悲观则导致无望、疾病以及失败，它与沮丧、孤独、令人苦恼的腼腆密切相关。

休斯敦莱斯大学的心理学家克雷格·A·安德森说：“如果我们能够教会人们更积极地思考，那就如同为他们注射了预防这些心理疾病的疫苗。

”[3] “你的能力固然重要,”匹兹堡卡内基–梅隆大学的心理学家迈克尔·F·沙伊尔说，“但你成功的信念影响到你是否真能成功。

”在某种程度上，这是由于乐观者和悲观者以截然不同的方式对待同样的挑战和失望。

[4] 以你的工作为例。

宾夕法尼亚大学的心理学家马丁·E·P·塞利格曼与同事彼得·舒尔曼在一项重要研究中对大都会人寿保险公司的推销员进行了调查。

他们发现，在工龄较长的推销员中，积极思考者比消极思考者要多推销37% 的保险额。

在新雇用的推销员中，乐观主义者则多销了20%。

[5] 公司受到了触动，便雇用了100 名虽未通过标准化行业测试但在态度乐观一项得分很高的人。

这些本来可能根本不会被雇用的人售出的保险额高出一般的推销员10%。

研究生专业英语第一到第六单元句子翻译修改版

Unit 11.他相当足球明星的梦想随着时间的推移慢慢消退了。

His dream of becoming a football star faded out as time went by.2.一架波音747飞机没有升到足够的高度以飞越那座高山，转瞬间一头撞向大山爆炸了。

机上无人生还。

A Boeing 747 aircraft didn’t gain enough height to clear the mountain. In a twinkling, it crashed into the mountain and blew up. No one survived the accident.3.学生们可以很容易地获得图书馆的资源，所以他们应该充分地利用好图书馆。

Students have easy access to the resources in the library, so they are supposed to make the best of it.4.当时世界上最豪华的游轮泰坦尼克号在她前往美国的途中撞到了冰山，结果轮船沉没在大西洋中，成百上千的人死于这场海难。

Titanic, the most luxurious ship in the world at that time , hit an iceberg when she was under way to the US. Consequently, the ship sank into the Atlantic Ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck.5.每天夏天，游客们都涌向这一著名的海滩。

来此享受日光浴的游客像沙丁鱼一样挤满了海滩。

Every summer, all the tourists pour into this famous beach. They lie packed like sardines on the beach to enjoy the sunbathing.6.他们曾经到圣路易斯去过一次，对于哪里的新奇事物稍微知道一个大概，可是现在他们的光荣时代已经成过去了。

研究生英语综合教程UNIT1课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)PDF版

UNIT11. Recently, one of us had the opportunity to speak with a medical student about a research rotation that the student was planning to do. She would be working with Dr. Z, who had given her the project of writing a paper for which he had designed the protocol, collected the data, and compiled the results. The student was to do a literature search and write the first draft of the manuscript. For this she would become first author on the final publication. When concerns were raised about the proposed project, Dr. Z was shocked. "l thought I was doing her a favor," he said innocently, "and besides, I hate writing!"2. Dr. Z is perhaps a bit naive. Certainly, most researchers would know that the student's work would not merit first authorship. They would know that "gift" authorship is not an acceptable research practice. However, an earlier experience in our work makes us wonder. Several years ago, in conjunction with the grant from the Fund for the Improvement of Pott Secondary Education (FIPSE), a team of philosophers and scientists at Dartmouth College 2 ran a University Seminar series for faculty on the topic "Ethical Issues in scientific Research."At one seminar, a senior researcher (let's call him Professor R) argued a similar position to that of Dr. Z. In this case Professor R knew that "gift" authorship, authorship without a significant research contribution, was an unacceptable research practice. However, he had a reason to give authorship to his student.The student had worked for several years on a project suggested by him and the project had yielded to publishable data. Believing that he had a duty to the student to ensure a publication, Professor R had given the student some data that he himself had collected and told the student to write it up. The student had worked hard, he said, albeit on another project, and the student would do the writing. Thus, he reasoned, the authorship was not a "gift."3. These two stories point up a major reason for encouraging courses in research ethics: Good intentions do not necessarily result in ethical decisions. Both of the faculty members in the above scenarios "meant well." In both cases, the faculty members truly believed that what they were doing was morally acceptable. In the first case, Dr. Z's indefensible error was that he was unaware of the conventions of the field.In particular, he seemed blissfully oblivious to the meaning of first authorship. In the second case, Professor R was do ng what he thought best for the student without taking into consideration that moral. ty is a public system and that his actions with regard to a single student have public consequences for the practice of science as a profession.4. Well-meaning scientists, such as those just mentioned, can, with the best of intentions, make unethical decisions. In some cases, such decisions may lead individuals to become embroiled in cases of 1. 最近，我们当中的一员有机会与一名医科学生谈论她正计划要做的一个实验室轮转项目。

研究生英语阅读教程课文参考译文(L11)

第十一课 A真正的高度戴维纳斯特（1）困难越大，战胜困难就越令人感到自豪。

——莫里哀（2）当天空黑暗到一定程度的时候你就会看到那满天闪烁的星星。

——查尔斯A 比亚德（3）此刻，他的手掌正在冒汗。

他需要一块毛巾来擦干手掌和他紧握着的撑竿。

一杯冰水解除了他的干渴，但是却不能使他那紧张的心冷静下来。

他感到那块坐在身下的阿斯特罗草皮和他今天将面临的全国青少年奥林匹克运动会上的竞争一样炽热。

横竿被设置在 17 英尺的位置，这比他个人的最好成绩要高出 3 英寸。

迈克尔斯通正面临着他撑杆跳高生涯中最富有挑战性的一天。

（4）虽然竞赛决赛已经结束一个多小时了，看台上的观众还有两万多人。

撑杆跳是田径比赛中真正具有魅力的项目。

它将体操的优美和身体的力量结合起来。

它还具有飞翔的因素，而且观众一想到运动员能飞到两层楼那么高真不可思意。

此时此刻不仅是迈克尔斯通的现实和梦想，还是他的探索。

（5）在迈克尔的记忆里，他一直梦想着能够飞翔。

在他的成长过程中，妈妈读了许多关于飞翔的故事给他听。

她的故事为他描述的总是飞翔时俯瞰大地的情景。

每当她读到细节的时候，她就充满了兴奋和激情，这使得迈克尔的梦想也充满了迷人的色彩和美丽。

迈克尔不停地重温着这样一个梦想 : 他沿着乡村小道飞奔，他能感觉到脚下的岩石和大块的泥土。

当沿着镶着金边的麦浪奔跑的时候，他总会超过从身边经过的火车。

就在那一刻，他会深深地吸一口气，然后猛地腾空而起，像一只雄鹰一样高高地“飞翔”。

（6）无论“飞”向何处，他都会飞到妈妈为他讲述的那些故事里 ; 无论“飞”向何方，妈妈的关爱之情都会追随到那里。

但是，另一方面，他的爸爸却不是一个爱做梦的人。

泊特斯通是一位现实主义的铁杆分子。

他坚信做事要付出艰辛的努力和汗水。

他的座右铭是：“如果你想得到什么，那么就努力去干吧！”（7）从 14 岁起，迈克尔就是这么做的。

他首先是从一项谨慎而系统的举重训练开始的。

他每隔一天练举重，每隔另一天练跑步。

2013山东省委党校研究生考试英语范围及答案

英语一、单项选择1. Is there anything I ________ do for you? A. mayB. must C. can D. ought 2. This kind of tree has green ________ throughout the year. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leaves’3. I will tell him the news as soon as I ________ him. A. see B. sees C. sees’ D. saw4. They never knew that pollution ________ a big problem. A. become B. would become C. is going to D. does become 5. You ________ where you leave your things. A. always forgets B. forget C. will always forget D. are always forgetting 6. He doesn’t live in the city, ________ ?. A. isn’t he B. doesn’t heC. is he D. does he 7. Now she is leaving London. She has stayed here ________. A. after 1980 B. in 1980 C. for 1980 D. since 1980 8. These questions ________ at tomorrow’s meeting.A. have been discussed B. had been discussed C. will be discussed D. shall be discussed 9. Nothing is ________ than one’s personal freedom.A. more important B. much important C. importanter D. much importanter 10. A good father is one ________ we can love as well as respect. A. which B. who C．whose D. whom 11. The instructor asked me to write a ________ composition every week. A. two-thousand-word B. two-thousand-words C. two-thousand-words D. two-thousands-words 12. They ________ be waiting for us, let’s hurry up. A. can’t B. mustn’tC. must D. may not 13. You ________ clearly see the top of the tower from here. A. might B. can C. must D. mustn’t14. ________ weeks later she came to my office with a smile on her face. A. Two B. Second C. After two D. After second 15. He said that was a good suggestion, ________ he would look into (研究). A. which B. who C. what D. that 16. The role of _______ has changed a lot in the past 30 years. A. womans B. women C. woman D. women’s17. ________ meeting will be put off till next Monday. A. Tomorrow’s B. Tomorrows’C. Tomorrow D. Tomorrows 18. If he ________ to go, I'll ask someone else to go with me. A. don’t want B. doesn’t wantC. not want D. not wants 19. This is my cell phone. ________ is on the desk. A. Their B. Our C. Y oursD. Her 20. The house ________ is very nice, but the compound (院子) is too small. A. himself B. herself C. itself D. oneself 21. I told him not to go, but he ________ not listen. A. will B. would C. shall D. should 22. This time last year, Tom ________ with his friends in London. A. stayed B. was staying C. is staying D. stays 23. Let’s ________ and get something to eat.A. to go B. go C. going D. goes 24. Bill has been out of work ________ three years. A. by B. since C. in D. for 25. When they arrived, the game ________. A. already start B. already started C. have already started D. had already started 26. Those books ________ to the library next Monday. A. can return B. can be returned C. can returned D. can return to 27. I’m sorry, but smoking ________ here.A. is allowed B. is not allowed C. will be allowed D. will not allow 28. They got to the airport ________ than you did. A. more late B. later C. more later D. late 29. He talked of the people and books ________ interested him. A. who B. whose C. that D. whom 30. I live in ________. I’d like to let you know that I’m checking out early tomorrow morning.A. Room 216thB. 216 Room C. 216th Room D. Room 216 31. Mrs. Clinton has a ___________ daughter. A. three years old B. three year old C. three-year-old D. three-years-old 32. _________ a long time since I saw my father last time. A. There is B. There are C. It is D. For 33. There is a fine sunset, it ___________ to be a fine day tomorrow. A. ought B. must C. should D. can . I don’t know whether it will rain or not, but if it __________ I shall stay at home. 3434. I don’t know whether it will rain or not, but if it __________ I shall stay at home.A. shall B. do C. did D. does 35. _________________ people attended the meeting last night. A. Hundred B. Hundreds of C. Hundreds D. A hundred of 36. Though small, the room is comfortable __________________. A. to live in B. to live C. to have lived in D. live in 37. If you want something ___________, you can go to the library. A. read B. to read C. be read D. to be reading 38. Would you please tell me ___________ the plane will take off? A. that B. where C. when D. which 39. It is necessary that you __________ your reservation before the weekend. A. will confirm B. must confirm C. confirm D. confirmed 40. The doctor _____________ is treating for your heart trouble is a relative of mine. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 41. John plays football _______________, if not better than, David. A. as well B. so well C. so well as D. as well as 42. The girl apologized, _________ that she was sorry to be late. A. having said B. saying C. was saying D. said 43.I often have a glass of milk and ________ for breakfast. A. two pieces of bread B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of breads D. two piece of breads 44. __________ a radio, I would have heard the news this morning. A. Had I B. Had I had C. Should I have D. Have I had 45. __________ another chance, how could she let it slip away. A. Giving B. Having given C. Having been given D. Give 二、阅读理解(1)上册３课上册３课A man lived in a tall building in the city of Moscow. He liked living there. It was usually very quiet, and he could see the park from his window. There was only one problem: the man upstairs. Every night, the man upstairs came back late. He always took off his shoes and threw them on the floor. At this time, the man downstairs was trying to sleep. But every night he heard the noise upstairs. Bang! One shoe. Bang! The other shoe. It was too bad. He found it very difficult to get to sleep and he was rather angry with the man upstairs. One day, the man downstairs went to talk to the man. He went upstairs and knocked at the door. The man opened it. With a smile the man from downstairs said: ―I am sorry to trouble you, comrade.ǁ e man. ―What is it?ǁ asked th―Well, every time you get back at night, you drop your shoes on the floor.It happens every night. The noise wakes me up! Would you please not do this?ǁ―I’m very sorry, comrade,ǁ said the man. ―I won’t do it again.ǁ The next evening the man upstairs came home from work late as usual. He was feeling very tired. He took off the first shoe and threw it on the floor. Then he remembered his comrade downstairs. So he took off the second shoe and put it under his bed very quietly. He had his supper, listened to the radio, read a newspaper and then went to bed. He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door. He opened it and saw the man from downstairs. ―Please!ǁ said the man from downstairs. ―Please drop the other shoe! I was waiting for the sound of the other shoe! I can’t get to sleep!ǁ 1. Why did the man downstairs like living in a tall building in the city of Moscow? A. Because he liked the city very much. B. Because he liked the environment of the tall building. C. Because there were many parks in the city. D. Because he had a good friend there. 2. What was the problem the man downstairs had? A. Every night the man upstairs came back late. B. The man upstairs always took off his shoes. C. The man upstairs took off his shoes and threw them on the floor, which made him difficult to get to sleep. D. He did not get along well with his neighbors. 3. How did the man downstairs try to solve his problem? A. He went went to to to talk talk talk to to to the man the man upstairs upstairs and and asked asked him him him not not not to to to throw throw throw his his shoes shoes on on on the the floor again. B. He had a quarrel （吵架）with the man upstairs. C. He moved out of the tall building. D. He did not go to bed before the man upstairs came back any more. 4. What did the man upstairs do the next evening after he came home from work? A. He took off his shoes and threw them on the floor as usual. B. He took off his first shoe and threw it on the floor, but put his second shoe under his bed quietly. C. He put both his shoes under his bed quietly. D. He was very tired and went to bed without taking off his shoes. 5. Why couldn’t the man downstairs fall asleep the next night?A. Because the man upstairs made a great noise by having his supper, listening to the radio and reading the newspaper. B. Because the man upstairs threw his shoes on the floor with a big noise and woke him up. C. Because he had been waiting for the sound of the other shoe. D. Both B and C. (2)上４课上４课You may not realize it, but you are doing much more than just studying, when you are at school. school. School School School is is is also also also the the the place place place where where where you you you learn learn learn to to to get get get along along along well well well with with with people. people. people. But But But this this this is is is not not always easy. What can you do if you just don’t like one of your classmates?If If you you you discover discover discover that that that you you you have have have problems problems problems getting getting getting along along along with with with your your your classmates classmates classmates or or or friends, friends, friends, the the most most important important important thing thing thing to to to learn learn learn is is is tolerance. tolerance. tolerance. Tolerance Tolerance Tolerance is is is the the the ability ability ability to to to realize realize realize and and and respect respect respect the the differences in others. We can not change the way that other people do, so it is important to learn to live happily with them. Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other. Getting to know someone may help help you you you understand understand understand why why why they they they do do do things things things differently.differently. Something Something different different different does does does not not not exactly exactly exactly mean mean that it is bad. Tolerance teaches us to keep an even temper and open mind. You need to remember an old saying, ―treat others how you want to be treatedǁ. You would like like to to to be be be treated treated treated kindly kindly kindly by by by your your your classmates, classmates, classmates, so so so it it it is is is important important important to to to treat treat treat them them them kindly kindly kindly too. too. too. If If If you you tolerate something, it does not mean that you have to like it. No one is asking you to change who you are or what you believe in. Tolerance just means that you should respect the differences in others and not try to make them change. It is important to practice tolerance, because it will make everyone’s lives easier. Learn Learn to to accept people for their different abilities and interests. The world is very different, and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make a difference. 6. According to the author, what is tolerance? A. Tolerance is the ability that we have to change the way that other people do. B. Tolerance is the ability to realize and respect the differences in others. C. Tolerance is a weapon to fight against the enemy. D. D. Tolerance Tolerance Tolerance is is is the the the way way way to to to discover discover discover whether whether whether you you you have have have problems problems problems getting getting getting along along along with with with your your classmates or friends. 7. What does tolerance function (起作用) in getting along with your friends? A. It makes you change who you are and what you believe. B. It can help us understand why people do things differently. C. It warns us to keep an even tempter and open mind. D. It is important for us to learn tolerance. 8. Why is tolerance important? A. Because it will make everyone’s lives easier. B. Because it will make everyone get on better with each other. C. Because it teaches us to respect the differences in others and not try to make them change. D. All of the above. 9. ―Treat others how you want to be treatedǁ, what does the sentence mean?A. If you want to be treated kindly, you should treat others kindly too. B. If someone treats you badly, you will treat them kindly. C. You should change yourself to tolerate others. D. Others should change themselves to tolerate you. 10. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. If you tolerate something, you must change yourself. B. Tolerance can make you get on better with your classmates or friends, for it teaches you to keep an even temper and open mind. C. We can live happily with other people by changing the way they do. D. Practicing tolerance can not make any change in your life for the world is different. (3)上５课上５课Scientists are trying to make the deserts into good land again. They want to bring water to the deserts, so that people can live and grow food. They are learning a lot about the deserts. Even so, more and more of the earth is becoming deserts all the time. Scientists may not be able to change the deserts in time. Why Why is is is more more more and and and more more more land land land becoming becoming becoming deserts? deserts? deserts? Scientists Scientists Scientists think think think that that that people people people make make make deserts. deserts. People are doing bad things to the earth. Some places on the earth do not get very much rain. Yet, they still do not become deserts. This is because there are some green plants growing there. Small green plants and grass are very important to dry places. Plants help keep water in the earth. Plants do not let the wind blow the dirt away. When a little bit of rain falls, the plants hold water. Without plants, the land can become a desert much more easily. A man decides to make a farm in a very dry place. He cuts down the trees. He digs in the earth and takes away the grass and plants that are already growing on the dry land. He makes a farm. farm. He He He puts plants puts plants in in rows. rows. rows. The The The sun sun sun is is very very hot. hot. hot. It It It makes makes makes the the the land even land even drier. drier. When When When the the the rain rain comes, it runs between the rows of plants. It washes the good dirt away. When the wind comes, it blows between the rows of plants. It blows the good dirt away. Soon the land is not good enough for a farm any more. The man lets his animals eat all the plants on it. Now the land does not have any plants on it. The sun and wind dry the land and blow all the good dirt away. Now the land is a desert. Now it is time for man to protect his environment! 11. ________ are doing their best to change the deserts into good land again. A. Men B. Women C. People D. Scientists 12. According to the scientists, it is ________ who make deserts. A. bad weather B. the lack of rain C. people D. plants 13. What ’s the main idea of the third paragraph? ’s the main idea of the third paragraph? A. Some places have little rain. B. Some places have many plants. C. Plants do not let the wind blow the dirt away. D. Plants help protect the land. 14. What’s the fourth paragraph mainly about?A. A man wants to make a farm in a dry place. B. The influence of men’s activities on the environment.C. He succeeds in making a farm. D. He puts plants in rows. 15. The main idea of the whole passage is that ________. A. people work very hard B. scientists are studying the problem of deserts C. people are doing much harm to the environment D. many good lands are becoming deserts （4）下１课）下１课A man came home from work late again, tired and irritated, to find his 5-year-old son waiting for him at the door. ―Daddy, may I ask you a question?ǁ―Yeah, sure, what is it?ǁ replied the man.―Daddy, how much money do you make an hour?ǁ―That’s none of your business! What makes you ask such a thing?ǁ the man said angrily.―I just want to know. Please tell me, how much do you make an hour?ǁ pleaded the little boy.―If you must know, I make $20.00 an hour.ǁ―Oh,ǁ the little boy replied, head bowed. Looking up, he said, ―Daddy, may I borrow $10.00 please?ǁThe father wasfurious. ―If the only reason you wanted to know how much money I make is just so you can borrow some to buy a silly toy or some other nonsense, then you march yourself straight to your room and go to bed.Think about why you’re being so selfish. I work long, hard hours every day and don’t have time for such childish games.ǁThe little boy quietly went to his room and shut the door. The man sat down and started to get even madder about th e little boy’s questioning. How dare he ask such questions only to get some money. After an hour or so, the man had calmed down, and started to think he may have been a little hard on his son. Maybe there was something he really needed to buy with that $10.00, and he really didn’t ask for money very often.The The man man man went went went to to to the the the door door door of of of the the the little little little boy’s boy’s boy’s room room room and and and opened opened opened the the the door. door. door. ―Are ―Are you you asleep, asleep, son?ǁ he asked.―No daddy, I’m awake,ǁ replied the boy.―I’ve been thinking, maybe I was too hard on you earlier,ǁ said the man. ―It’s been a long day and I took my aggravation out on you. Here’s that $10.00 you asked for.ǁ The little boy sat straight up, up, beaming.beaming.―Oh, thank thank you you you daddy!ǁ daddy!ǁ daddy!ǁ he he he yelled. yelled. yelled. Then, reaching Then, reaching under under his his his pillow, pillow, pillow, he he he pulled pulled pulled out out some more crumpledup bills. The man, seeing that the boy already had money, started to get angry again. The little boy slowly counted out his money, then looked up at the man. ―Why did you want more money if you already had some?ǁ the father grumbled.―Because I didn’t have enough, but now I do,ǁ the little boy replied. ―Daddy, I have $20.00 now. Can I buy an hour of your time?ǁ16. What do you know about the man? A. He made a lot of money. B. He often came home from work late. C. He often went to work late. D. He spent lots of time taking care of his son. 17. Why was the boy waiting for his father at the door? A. Because he missed his father very much. B. Because he was hungry. C. Because he wanted to borrow some money from his father. D. Because he had good news to tell his father. 18. The man went to talk to his son because ________. A. he thought he might have been a little hard on his son. B. he wanted to ask his son some questions. C. he wanted to find out whether his son was asleep or not. D. his son was crying in his bedroom. 19. The boy wanted to borrow some money from his father because ________. A. he wanted to buy a toy with the money B. he wanted to buy a birthday present for himself C. he didn’t have any money D. he didn’t have enough money to buy an hour of his father’s time20. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Parents should give their children some pocket money. B. Parents should not neglect (忽视) their children no matter how busy they are. C. Parents should not be hard on their children. D. Children can buy time from their parents. (5)上７上７Have you ever seen people dance? Some dances are fast and others are slow. People’s feet move when they dance. They keep on moving until the music stops. People have enjoyed dancing for a very long time. This story is of a different kind of dance. It is a dance without people or music. Yet this dance is one of the oldest in the world. It is the dance of bees. If If you you you have have have ever ever ever watched watched watched bees, bees, bees, you you you know know know that that that they they they are are are very very very clever. clever. clever. They They They also also also work work work hard hard looking for food and bringing it back to their home. The The home home home of of of bees bees bees is is called called a a a bee-hive. bee-hive. bee-hive. Here Here Here hundreds hundreds hundreds —— even even thousands thousands thousands —— of of bees bees bees live. live. They work day and night building small walls of wax. Here they make their honey. This is the same honey that we eat. Where does the honey come from? Bees live on food from flowers. Have you ever seen bees flying around a flower garden? When a bee rests on a flower, it tries to go to the center of it. There it takes in as much food as its body can hold. Then it carries the food back to the hive. At the hive, bees change this flower food into honey. Then they fly away for more food. How do bees know where to find the best food in the sweetest flowers? One bee acts as a guide. When it discovers good flowers, it flies back to the hive to tell the others. It does this by dancing for them. The bee dances on one side. This tells the other bees which way to go to find the flowers, but that is not all. The bee dances for some time, and the length of its dance tells the other bees how far they must fly to reach the flowers. When When the the the other other other bees bees bees see see see the the the dance, dance, dance, they they they know know know where where where the the the flowers flowers flowers are. are. are. They They They fly fly fly away away away and and return with more food for the hive. Sometimes we hear the music of bees as they fly around, but few people have ever seen them dance. Yet without that dance we might never have sweet honey to eat. 21. According to the passage, people don’t stop dancing until ________.A. the music stops B. they are very tired C. they want to go to bed D. it is very late 22. In the text, ―an unknown danceǁ is a dance ________.A. without a light B. without people or music C. without light and music D. without any drinks 23. Bees carry the flower food back to the hive ________. A. to eat B. to store C. to be a present to other bees D. to change them into honey 24. What does a guide bee do if it finds the best food in the sweetest flowers? A. It will fly back to the hive to tell the others. B. It will take in as much food as it can. C. It will bring it back to the hive. D. It will change it into honey. 25. What does the length of the dance mean? A. It tells the other bees which way to go to find the flowers. B. It tells the other bees how far they must fly to reach the flowers. C. It means that bees enjoy dancing. D. It means nothing. (6)下４下４This story took place a long time ago. But it has been repeated time and again. Everyone is moved by the true story. He was badly hurt, and An old man was knocked down by a car and was taken to hospital.during his few returns to consciousness, he repeatedly called for his son. No one knew where his son was. A dirty letter was found in his pocket. The nurse learned that his son was a soldier in North Carolina. The The hospital hospital hospital called called called the the the Red Red Red Cross Cross Cross office office office to to to find find find the the the young young young man. man. man. The The The young young young soldier soldier soldier was was rushed to the airport in time to catch the plane. It It was was was evening evening evening when when when the the the young young young soldier soldier soldier walked walked walked into into into the the the hospital. hospital. hospital. A A A nurse nurse nurse took took took him him him to to to the the bedside of the old man. ―Your son is here,ǁ she said to the old man. She had to repeat the words several times before the old man’s eyes opened. He dimly saw the young man and got great comfort. He reached out his hand. The young soldier held the old man’s hand and offered words of hope.All through the night the young soldier sat beside the bed. The nurse offered to watch instead of him for a while. He refused. At dawn the old man died. The nurse started to comfort him, but the soldier asked her, ―Who was that man?ǁ―He was your father,ǁ she answered. ―No, he wasn’t, I never saw him before.ǁ―Why didn’t you say something when I took you to him?ǁ―I knew right off there was a mistake, but I also knew he needed his son, and his son just wasn’t here. I realized I was needed. So I stayed.ǁ26. What happened to the old man? A. He drove a car and was hurt in a car accident. B. He was knocked down by a car and seriously hurt. C. He had looking for his son for a long time and finally found him. D. He was sick and was sent to the hospital. 27. How did the hospital know the name and address of the old man’s son?A. They found a letter in the old man’s pocket and learned that his son was a solider.B. The old man told them. C. A nurse knew where the old man’s son was.D. The Red Cross knew the old m an’s son and helped the hospital to find him.28. Who watched the old man all through the night? A. The nurse. B. The old man’s son.C. The Red Cross. D. The young soldier. 29. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. The old man died because nobody took care of him. B. The old man did see his son and got better in the hospital. C. A nurse in the hospital wrote the story. D. The young soldier was not the old man’s son. 30. Why did the young solider stay and look after the old man? A. Because he was the old man’s son.B. Because he realized he was needed. C. Because there was no plane to take at that time. D. Because he was the old man’s friend.（7）上１２）上１２W e use use both both both words words words and and and body body body language language language to to to express express express our our our thoughts thoughts thoughts and and and opinions opinions opinions and and and to to communicate with other people. We can learn a lot about what a person is thinking by watching his or her body language. Words are important, but the way a person stands, folds his or her arms, or moves his or her hands can also give us information about his or her feelings. Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture. Making eye contact – looking looking directly directly directly into into into someone’s someone’s someone’s eyes eyes eyes –– is is in in in some some some counties counties counties a a a way way way to to to show show show interest. interest. interest. In In In other other countries, however, eye contact is rude or disrespectful. The gesture of OK, making a circle with one’s thumb and index finger, has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money. In France, a person seeing the same gesture will think it means zero. In Brazil and Germany, however, the gesture is rude. The thumbs-thumbs-up gesture, meaning ―greatǁ or ―good jobǁ in the US, is rude in Nigeria, but in up gesture, meaning ―greatǁ or ―good jobǁ in the US, is rude in Nigeria, but in Germany and Japan it means the number one. The ―crazyǁ gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means ―you have a phone callǁ in Brazil.While there are many different interpretations of our body language, some gestures seem to be universal. A good way of saying ―I am fullǁ is moving the hand in circles over the stomach after a meal. If a person pats his or her stomach before a meal, it usually means ―I am hungryǁ.Perhaps the best example of universally understood body language is the smile. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. A smile can open 。

2013考研英语一阅读理解逐句翻译

2013 Text 1Paragraph 11、In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scold her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn`t affect her. 2006年的一部电影《穿普拉达的女王》有段情节这样演绎：Meryl Streepb扮演的Miranda Priestly，斥责她毫无吸引力的助手，因为她反映高端时尚并不能感染她.1.1 version英/'vɜːʃ(ə)n/ 美/'vɝʒn/n. 版本；译文；倒转术1.2 devil英/'dev(ə)l/ 美/'dɛvl/n. 魔鬼；撒旦；家伙；恶棍vt. 折磨1.3 scold英/skəʊld/ 美/skold/n. 责骂；爱责骂的人vt. 骂；责骂vi. 责骂；叱责1.4 assistant英/ə'sɪst(ə)nt/ 美/ə'sɪstənt/n. 助手，助理，助教adj. 辅助的，助理的；有帮助的2、Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant`s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment. 然后Priestly说明了助手毛衫的深蓝色是如何从时尚展览中慢慢伸展到百货商店再到平价店中，毫无疑问是这个可怜女孩挑选了这件衣服的地方。

2.1 descend英/dɪ'send/ 美/dɪ'sɛnd/vi. 下降；下去；下来；遗传；屈尊vt. 下去；沿…向下2.2 bargain英/ˈbɑːɡɪn/ 美/ˈbɑrɡɪn/n. 交易；便宜货；契约v. 讨价还价；议价；(谈价钱后)卖2.3 bin英/bɪn/ 美/bɪn/n. 箱子，容器；二进制vt. 把…放入箱中2.4 garment英/'gɑːm(ə)nt/ 美/'gɑrmənt/n. 衣服，服装；外表，外观vt. 给…穿衣服Paragraph 21、This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn`t be more out of date or at odds with feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline`s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. 时尚业管理严密的理念已经非常过时了，或与Elizabeth Cline对“快餐时尚”的这三年的控诉书《过度装扮》中所描述的狂热不一致。

研究生英语应用教程翻译Unit1~4

英国人把排队叫做“queue up”，美国人把排队叫做“wait in line”，只有纽约人不同，他们把排队叫做“wait on line”。

似乎没有人知道纽约人为什么要这样说，这倒是我们在排队时可以好好考虑的问题。

排队是城市生活中一个严峻的现实。

尽管对于什么是城市中最难排的队似乎还没有一个一致的意见，但是人们在谈话中经常提到的是午饭时间在银行和邮局前排起的队。

年轻人则经常提到买电影票时以及注册上大学时排的长队。

不论排什么队，最基本的原则都是要讲个先来后到，亦即社会学家所说的“公平分配”的原则。

例外情况也有可能发生，如在高档饭店里，领班就会优先照顾他们偏爱的某些顾客。

但一般来说这条规则还是管用的。

那么从理论上说，每个人都应当同样关心把队排好。

但实际上每个人的关注程度会随着在队伍中的位置不同而有所不同。

一般来说最强烈的抗议往往来自于那些直接受害者，也就是正好排在插队的人后面的那些人。

而排在队伍后面的人就抱怨的相对少些，或者根本不抱怨，尽管前面插了一个人，他们的利益也同样遭受到损失。

1. 一位艾滋病研究专家昨天在华盛顿说，有些人感染了艾滋病毒后仍然十分健康地活着。

这为他们的研究提供了“一线希望”，那就是一旦传染上艾滋病并不等于被判了死刑。

2. 是否能够欣赏这些现代画取决于你的想象力。

3. 许多人宁愿放弃比较高的工资以换取成为白领工人的社会地位，这在西方是人之常情。

4. 我兴奋得什么话都说不出来。

5. 走在纽约第五大道的人行道上，污雪成浆，阴冷潮湿，他疲惫不堪。

6. 许多人认为，普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思维活动相比，认为这些思维活动必须经过某种专门训练才能掌握。

7. Since he was not clear with this matter, he declined to express his ideas.8. The sight of him reminds me of his father.9. The misunderstanding was caused by their quarrel.10. The unpleasant noise must be immediately put an end to.II.Suggested answer:到了成人阶段，传统观点认为女人感情过于脆弱，不适合权利太大或需要承担责任的职位。

2013经管英语1-7章节翻译(完整版)(上册)

第一章 A部分商店里堆积了六英尺高的货物，外面的街道上挤满了顾客，销售人员在这种冲击下大汗淋漓。

然而这并不是富裕国家圣诞节购物季的主要街道，而是尼日利亚南部的奥尼查市场，一年中每天如此。

许多人称它是世界上最大的市场。

高达300万人每天去那里购买大米，肥皂，电脑和建筑设备。

对于从几内亚湾来的贸易者来说这是一个枢纽，是一个被破产，剽窃，疾病和贫困所损害的地区，但也是数以万计的干劲十足的企业家和日益富裕的消费者的家乡。

在过去的十年中，十个发展最快的国家中有六个是非洲的。

在这过去十年的八年中，非洲的增长超过了东亚，包括日本。

即使考虑到北半球经济放缓所带来的连锁反应，国际货币基金组织预计今年非洲增长6%，亚洲也会同样增长将近6%在2012年。

商品市场的繁荣是部分原因。

在2000-2008年间，四分之一的非洲增长来源于自然资源的高收入。

有利的人口因素是另外一个原因。

随着生育率在亚洲和拉丁美洲的猛降，在未来的四十年，一半的人口增长将会是在非洲。

但是这种增长与非洲正要开始发展的制造业与服务业的经济有关。

最大的问题就是，如果对于商品的需求降低了，非洲能否使经济保持在高水平。

对于非洲的经济不要太乐观，因为大陆的许多地区是非常荒凉的。

许多非洲人每天生活不到两美元。

自上世纪六十年代独立以来，人均粮食生存已经下跌。

在许多国家人均寿命低于五十岁，并伴随着长期的干旱和饥荒。

还在进行的砍伐森林和荒漠化使得气候条件正在恶化.许多国家称赞他们的快速经济发展，就像安哥拉，赤道几内亚，一些含石油的盗窃统治。

许多国家已经开始使经济正确的发展，却在政治上有害，就像卢旺达和埃塞俄比亚.。

刚果，正在进行这一次虚假的选举，看起来仍然不可以控制并且是极其腐败的。

津巴布韦是南非其余国家良心上的一道伤疤。

过去常常在大陆被看作典范的南非，也被腐败所影响,并且执政的非洲国会内有传言说将土地和矿山国有化。

然而，在这种糟糕的背景下，一些数据正朝着正确的方向前进。

研究生英语UNIT1译文

核心员工的特征
• 核心员工究竟是什么样子的？几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到‚核心员工‛ 这个名词。我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。‚每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，‛他说，‚他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候，我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人：其他公司经理不想失去的员工。我们只招募核心员工。‛
特征4：善于处理人际关系
• 瑞克・李奇在迪科德遗传工程公司从事业务拓展。李奇最近才转行到企业，做业务方面的工作。我向他咨询这个重要特征，是因为在他的新业务角色中，人际沟通能力在成功和失败之间发挥着很大的作用。‚科学家毕生都在积累知识，培养技术上的敏锐感，‛他说，‚但为企业工作需要完全不同的东西——人际交往的能力。想转行到企业界的科学家们必须优先考虑他们的社会关系资源而不是技术资源。对一个以前一直根据专业知识水平被评价的人来说，突然之间要根据他的人际交往能力来评价他，真是十分令人恐惧。‛
特征3：风险容忍度 • 企业要求员工能承受风险。‚一名求职者需要表现出仅凭不准确、不完整的信息就做出决策的能力。他或她必须能接纳不确定因素并冒着风险做出结论,”一位客户在职业描述中写道。
9
• 豪特赞同这一说法。‚商业成功通常有这样一个特质：那就是能接受不确定因素和风险——个人的、组织上的和财务上的。这就让许多科学家感到不适应，因为学术上的成功其实是依靠认真而严谨的研究。更进一步说，伟大的科学常常是由找寻答案的过程和答案本身两者同时来定义的。因此科学家们往往沉迷于过程。在企业里，你需要了解过程，但最终你会迷上答案，然后根据你认为该答案对你的企业所具有的意义来冒风险。像这样敢冒风险是一套技能组合，是所有雇主在他们最好的员工身上所寻找的东西。‛

党校研究生英语

Unit 5一、中翻英1.我们在这场战争中的一个伟大战场上集会。

We are met on a great battlefield of that war.2.我们这样做是完全应该而且非常恰当的。

It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.3.这个民有、民治、民享的政府永世长存。

That government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.4.因此，这份奖金只不过是托我保管而已。

So this award is only mine in trust.5.我相信人类不仅能够忍耐，更能够获胜。

I believe that man will not merely endure; he will prevail.二、英译中Text AFour score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can not hallow -- this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.八十七年前，我们先辈在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生来平等的原则。