广东省2021届普通高中学业质量联合测评高三政治试题(含答案解析)
广东佛山市2021届普通高中高三教学质量检测政治试题及答案
佛山市2021届普通高中高三教学质量检测政治全卷共5 页，20 小题，满分100 分。
考试用时75 分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答无效。
4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
一、选择题：本题共16 小题，每小题3分，共48分。
每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合要求的。
1．某宋代名人的字具有朴实无华、兼纳乾坤的特点，其收藏价值被看好，价格一涨再涨。
以下图像能正确反映其价格（P）上涨对其实际需求量（Q）带来的影响是2．农村供销社是以农民社员为主体，集“生产、供销、信用”三位一体的合作社，为农业提供生产前、生产中、生产后的系列服务，如农产品收购、农机租赁使用、农资（种子、化肥、农药）购买、土地托管、土地流转、代耕代种等。
发展农村供销社有利于①推动农村土地“三权分置”改革②彰显地区特色，实现农村现代化③打通服务"三农"的最后一公里④化解农业生产与经营的经济风险A．①③B．①④C．②③D．②④3．8月25 日，中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《关于改革完善社会救助制度的意见》，意见强调按照保基本、兜底线、救急难、可持续的总体思路，统筹发展社会救助体系，巩固脱贫攻坚成果。
由此可见，社会救助是①国家运用第三次分配手段推动社会公益事业②保障社会成员基本生活安全的最后一道防线③实现居民收入增长与经济发展同步的重要保障④将改革发展成果惠及困难群众的社会保障形式A．①②B．①③C．②④D．③④4．深圳通过制定"惠企政策、扩大有效投资、优化营商环境和加强创新驱动"的关键四招，实现了上半年0.1%的增长，在全国四个一线城市中率先转负为正，展现了经济发展的良好势头。
2021年广东省普通高中学业水平考试政治试卷及答案
6月广东省普通高中学业水平考试思想政治试题（测试时间：90分钟评价分值：100分）一、单项选取题Ⅰ(本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分。
在每小题列出四个选项中，只有一项符合题目规定)1.咱们常到商店购买食品、衣服等生活用品，这些生活用品共同点是（）①都是用于互换②都是劳动产品③都是商品互换媒介④都能体现其她一切商品价值A.①②B.①③C.②③D.③④2.货币基本职能是（）①价值尺度②流通手段③贮藏手段④世界货币A.①②B.①③C.②③D.③④3.对某些家庭来说，牛肉和羊肉互为代替品。
普通来说，如果牛肉价格上升，对羊肉带来直接影响是（）A.价格下降B.供应量减少C.价值量减少D.需求量增长4.价值规律体现形式是( )A.从单个互换过程看，价格和价值总是相等B.商品价值量由生产它个别劳动时间决定C.受供求影响，商品价值环绕价值上下波动D.单位商品价值量与社会劳动生产率成正比5.随着4G网络开发和投入使用，4G手机也开始热销起来。
这体现经济学道理是（）A.生产决定消费质量B.消费反作用于生产C.消费决定生产方式D.生产决定消费对象6.国内混合所有制经济最重要特性体当前（）A.它是国内国民经济支柱B.它是国内农村重要经济形式C.它投资主体是多元化D.它是社会主义经济制度基本7.公司制是当代公司重要典型组织形式。
国内法定公司形式是（）①有限责任公司②个人独资公司③合伙投资公司④股份有限公司A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④8.中央政府债券、金融债券、公司债券共同点在于（）A.能获得同等收益B.投资风险都不不大于储蓄存款C.都是债务证书D.都是规避风险有效办法9.为实现收入分派社会公平，国家应当（）①提高劳动报酬在初次分派中比重②努力实现居民收入增长和经济发展同步③反对平均主义，消灭收入差距④加大再分派调节力度，健全再分派调节机制A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④10.近年来，中央财政增长了用于公共租赁住房建设和都市棚户区改造资金。
广东省高中政治学业水平合格性考试模拟测试题(四)
广东省2021年高中政治学业水平合格性考试模拟测试题（四）（时间：60分钟满分：100分）一、选择题:本大题共20小题,每小题3分,共60分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.某企业为应对原材料上涨的压力,努力改进技术、改善经营管理,提高了劳动效率。
不考虑其他因素,这一举措给该企业产品带来的变化有( )2.党的十九大报告中提出,推进能源生产和消费革命,构建清洁低碳、安全高效的能源体系。
低碳生活倡导绿色消费,绿色消费的核心是( )3.近期,一份“大学生择业状况及心态”调查显示,用人单位认为大学生最缺乏“实干精神、专业水平和人际沟通能力”;而大学生则认为自己所缺乏的是“英语、计算机和专业水平”。
这启示大学毕业生应该( )①立足于社会需求,转变自己的就业观念②根据个人的兴趣和条件,选择自己的理想职业③树立多种方式就业观,充分考虑个人的需求④树立竞争就业观,不断提升自己的素质和技能A.①②B.①③C.①④D.②④4.为促进养老和家政服务业的发展,国家财政加大投入,支持普通高校、职业院校开展养老服务人员培训,加快建设养老和家政服务业专业队伍。
这表明国家财政( )C.是支持养老和家政服务业发展的制度保障D.是促进社会公平、改善人民生活的物质保障“房子是用来住的、不是用来炒的”定位,加快建立多主体供给、多渠道保障、租购并举的住房制度,让全体人民住有所居。
在热点地区严厉的政策调整下,热点城市房价涨速整体回落。
不考虑其他因素,对房价理性回落后的传导效应描述正确的是( )→楼市供求关系回归真实→居民购房需求减少→消除市场调节弊端→推动房地产市场健康发展→引导资金“脱虚向实”→促进实体经济发展→遏制市场投资行为→民间资金流出房地产市场6.某市规定,对下派社区的工作事务,实行清单管理:属于各部门、街道办事处职责范围内的事项,不得转嫁给社区;需要社区协助的事项,应当为社区提供必要的经费和工作条件。
这一规定( )①彰显了社区组织的自治功能②创新了社区组织管理形式③有利于推进社区居民的自我管理④旨在提高基层政府行政效率A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④“机关联系基层,干部联系群众”的“双联系”活动,干部深入基层一线联系群众结对子,从而使日常工作更加求真务实。
2021年广东省普通高中学业水平选择性考试政治试题(解析版)
④个别、具体的认识都是有条件的、相对的
A. ①②B. ①④C. ②③D. ③④
二、非选择题：本大题共4小题，共52分。每个试题考生都必须作答。
17.阅读材料，完成下列要求。
2020年9月，习近平主席在联合国大会上庄严承诺，中国二氧化碳排放力争于2030年前达到峰值，努力争取2060年前实现碳中和。
①哲学是世界观和方法论的统一②哲学的争论引领具体科学的进步
③哲学是一种能生产知识的知识④重大科学研究前沿需要哲学智慧的启迪
A. ①②B. ①④C. ②③D. ③④
14.人民音乐家冼星海曾说过：“每个人在他生活中都经历过不幸和痛苦。有些人在苦难中只想到自己，他就悲观、消极，发出绝望的哀号；有些人在苦难中还想到别人，想到集体，想到祖先和子孙，想到祖国和全人类，他就得到乐观和自信。”其中蕴含的唯物史观道理是（）
①在拓宽就业渠道方面起到积极作用
②使企业的用工数量和用工结构发生改变
③给有关部门做好管理服务工作提供参考数据
④为增强相关从业人员的社会认同度给予保证
A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④
2.自2021年5月1日起，我国对生铁、粗钢等产品实行零进口暂定税率：适当提高硅铁、铬铁等产品的出口关税。不考虑其他因素，关税调整将对国内钢铁价格产生的影响是（）
①科技的进步推动了文化消费方式的变化
②善于推陈出新，文化才能充满生机与活力
③融汇各种文化特质是文化创新的根本途径
④文化决定着人们的交往方式
A. ①②B. ①③C. ②④D. ③④
11.山水画和“以诗入画”的创作传统源远流长。除了青绿山水以外，传统山水画对色彩的运用大多比较含蓄，注重水墨技法。新中国成立后，一些山水画家面对新的社会生活，在深入领悟毛泽东诗词的基础上，出于意境表达需要而创造性地运用了以红色为主色调的色彩及技法，成功创作了一批表现毛泽东诗意的“红色山水”画，为新中国艺术增添了鲜红亮色。由此下列判断正确的是（）
广东省2021届普通高中学业质量联合测评 (试题+解析)
绝密★启用前广东省2021届普通高中学业质量联合测评 (试题+解析）本试题卷共8页。
全卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、考号等填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
ANew Science Books in BriefVolume ControlBy David Owen ||$18. 23“ For a deaf child, having hearing parents can be a serious disadvantage," notes Owen in this sensitive study of hearing. He suffers from tinnitus （耳鸣）. Combining the science with individual experiences, Owen discusses hearing aids, sign language, Thomas Edison and noise levels in US cities —all in absorbing detail.Reality Ahead of ScheduleBy Joel Levy ||$29. 04This picture-packed book tours scientific advances sparked by ideas in science fiction. For example, Levy shows how H. G. Wells?s 1903 story The Land Ironclads inspired Winston Churchill to promote the development of the military tank. The title comes from a definition of sci-fi by Sydney Mead, an industrial designer widely known for his designs for science-fiction films.Jet StreamBy Tim Woollings ||$32. 95The jet stream was discovered in the 1920s. In this analysis of its complex influence on weather, Woollings relates how the Japanese used the jet stream to launch trans — Pacific balloons in 1944. Today, the jet stream is very likely to be threatened by another product of human activity: rising carbon dioxide emissions.Adventures of a Computational ExplorerBy Stephen Wolfram ||$22. 46Stephen Wolfram, designer of the technical-computing system Mathematica, offers good stories in this collection of biographical essays. For example, he recalls himself as a six-year-old spotting a bitetaken out of the sun: a solar eclipse （日食），something unknown to the other children.1.What can we learn from Volume Control?A.The science of hearing.B.Practical ways to cure tinnitus.C.Thomas Edison's great inventions.D.Winston Churchill's great achievements.2.Who provided inspiration for the title of Reality Ahead of Schedule?A.Joel Levy.B.H. G. Wells.C.Sydney Mead.D.Tim Woollings.3.How much should you pay if you want a book completely made up of real stories?A.$18.23.B.$22.46.C.$29.04.D.$32.95.BThe definition of community has evolved （升华）for me from childhood to the young adult I am now. My mom was born in America but both her parents were from the Bahamas. It was their culture to take care of the elderly and the sick. And my mom has taught me to be caring to those around us because we're all a part of the "community" , an extension of family.When I was 9 years old, my family moved to Cape Coral, Florida. Both mom and dad worked full-time, so they registered me to attend an afterschool program at the Youth Center. Youth counselors （辅导员）would help me with my homework and play games with me and this was where my interest took root. Community service started with me giving back at the Youth Center.Then illness struck at home. My grandmother had to have heart surgery and needed hospital treatment. This experience brought me to volunteer at Cape Coral Hospital. I asked if I could learn from the nurse how to give my grandma her medicine and it started here.I loved being at Cape Coral Hospital. I would bring paperwork to other doctors, bring food tothe patients, and make sure the patients were attended. I would help direct visitors to see patients. I would always tell what would cheer the patients up because I had built a relationship with them and their loved ones. I grew to feel the hospital was a part of my community.After volunteering at the Youth Center and at the Hospital, I've learned that people become sort of an extended family when you care about them. Now I am more considerate of those close to me, neighbors and even strangers who share my resources.4.Who might be the first to expose the author to the sense of community?A.Counselors at the Youth Center.B.Nurses at Cape Coral Hospital.C.Her grandparents.D.Her mother.5.Why did the author's parents send her to the Youth Center?A.They were too busy to take care of her.B.They wanted her to do community service.C.The author couldn't finish her homework on her own.D.Becoming a counselor was the author's childhood dream.6.What did the author volunteer to do first at Cape Coral Hospital?A.Cheer the patients up.B.Bring food to the patients.C.Help direct visitors to see patients.D.Serve medicine to her grandmother.7.What is the best title for the text?A. I Love VolunteeringB. Community Is FamilyC. My Volunteer ExperiencesD. My Community and My FamilyCA team of conservationists (环境保护主义者)captured 14 Loa water frogs earlier this month in northern Chile, a wildlife group reported.The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists the Loa water frog as "critically endangered. The not-for-profit Global Wildlife Conservation group said the 14 frogs were in poor condition when they were discovered in late June. The animals were small and struggling because of a lack of food and water.The Loa water frogs are known to live only in a single body of water near Calama, in Chile. The city sits in the middle of the Atacama Desert, where water is in great demand.There was little water in the area where the frogs were found, the conservation group reported. The frogs' environment had mostly dried up because water is being taken away and used for human activities, the group said. The activities include mining, agriculture and land development. "All of the frogs had been pushed into a tiny pool of muddy water, the organization said. "The team collected the last 14 individuals and brought them to the National Zoo of Chile to start a conservation breeding program."Zoo specialists are closely watching the small creatures and trying to give them everything they need to survive and be healthy. Conservation groups have called on Chile's government to take steps to halt any illegal water usage that threatens the frogs' natural environment. They would also like to see creation of a government-supported shelter to protect the animals.Jon Paul Rodriguez heads the IUCN's Species Survival Commission. He suggested that an emergency plan be developed to prepare the Calama area for the frogs' return."We need to work very hard to restore their environment because it's pointless to breed them if they don't have a home to go back to in the wild," Rodriguez said.8.What do we know about the frogs when they were rescued?A. They were looking for food.B. They were in good condition.C. They were approaching death.D. They were moving for new water source.9.What has made these frogs endangered?ck of water.B.Water pollution.C.Human hunting.D.Extreme climate.10.What does the underlined word ''halt" in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Improve.B. Increase.C. Change.D. Stop.11.What did Jon Paul Rodriguez suggest humans do for these frogs?A.Keep them healthy.B.Recover their home.C. Raise them in the shelter.D.Prevent them living in the wild.DIf you think of pumpkins as an orange-colored squash （南瓜）that's carved as the key ingredi-ent for holiday season pies, you wouldn't be wrong.But there's much more to pumpkins, which are full of nutrients that provide an impressive col-lection of health benefits, says Lisa Jones, a registered dietitian based in Philadelphia. " Pumpkins may be good for carving, but they're even better for a variety of healthy nutrients, she says."Pumpkins provide a diverse variety of nutritional benefits in addition to being an ingredient in pies or festival decoration."The best part about pumpkin is that it's so easy to work it into your daily food. When preparing various dishes, add pumpkin to things like soups or bake with it in breads. There are so many things you can do with pumpkin beyond pumpkin pie. Pumpkins are seasonal, ripening in fall. But you can get pumpkin products, like canned puree or soup, in many stores throughout the year.Consuming pumpkin can help fight cancers, says Mahmoud Ghannoum, professor and director in a medical center. Pumpkins have plenty of beta carotene （β胡萝卜素），which is an antioxidant, playing an important role in protecting the body from cancers. Pumpkin is a good source of minerals, vitamin C and fiber, all of which are associated with heart health and keep your skin strong, healthy and, hopefully, wrinkle-free. The squash also contains a healthy amount of vitamin E, which helps reduce damage caused to your skin by ultraviolet light （紫外线）. Besides, the fiber in pumpkin can help you feel full ——which, in turn, boosts your odds of consuming healthy portions of food. Every half-cup of cooked pumpkin provides about 3 grams of fiber. Pumpkins are also low in calories: a cup of cooked pumpkin contains about 50 calories, which helps with weight management.12.What does Lisa Jones think of pumpkin?A.It can be used in various western dishes.B.It is more than used in dishes or decoration.C.It is easy to carve pumpkin into diverse shapes.D.It suits people from diverse cultural backgrounds.13.Which of the following is the biggest advantage about pumpkin?A. It ripens in fall.B. It can be bought all over the year.C. It is not hard to add it to daily dishes.D. It can be made into various products.14.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?A. The classification of pumpkin.B. The characteristics of pumpkin.C. Different ways to consume pumpkin.D. The potential benefits of consuming pumpkin.15.Where is the text most likely from?A. A review.B. A guidebook.C. A fiction.D. A website.第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省2021年高中学业水平考试合格性考试政治模拟测试卷(一)
学业水平考试合格性考试模拟测试卷(一)（时间：60分钟满分：100分）一、选择题:本大题共20小题,每小题3分,共60分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.在单县县委统战部的指导下,单县新联会走进单县博爱学校,为来自困难家庭的小学生送来了保暖内衣、棉袜等过冬用品。
这些用品( )①是使用价值与价值的统一体②有使用价值,但不具有商品价值③是商品,因为它可用于消费④不是商品,因为它没有用于交换A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④2.企业社会责任是指企业在创造利润、对股东承担法律责任的同时,还要承担对员工、消费者、社会和环境的责任。
以下属于企业社会责任的有( )①不断提高劳动生产率,提高企业经济效益②遵守国家相关法律法规,制定产品质量标准③积极参加社会公益事业④规范生产经营,为社会提供优质的商品和服务A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④3.商业银行是以利润为主要经营目标的金融机构。
商业银行的主要业务中能构成其利润来源的有( )①存款业务②贷款业务③结算业务④提供保管箱服务A.①②B.②④C.②③D.①③4.新时代全面建成小康社会,农村不能落下。
为此,国家必须改革完善财政补贴政策,更加注重支持农村经济结构调整、农业资源环境保护和农业科技研发等,让农业成为有奔头的产业。
这告诉我们( )①财政是实现社会公平的制度性保障②财政具有促进资源合理配置的作用③财政政策能引导产业结构的优化调整④财政补贴是全面建成小康社会的关键A.①②B.③④C.①④D.②③5.近年来,中国政府在出口贸易上不仅强调继续稳定一般性产品出口,还全力支持中国装备、中国技术走出国门。
目前,中国企业在铁路、能源、基建、工程等方面的“走出去”步伐已经取得一定成效,积累了一定经验。
中国高端装备走出去( )①助推了中国产品的出口升级②提升了高端装备的技术水平③改变了中国对外开放总格局④促进了外贸发展方式的转变A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④6.在我国,不论什么人,不论职务多高、资历多深、贡献多大,只要触犯了国法,都要受到严肃追究和严厉惩处。
广东省2021年高中政治学业水平测试模拟测试题(六)(含解析)
广东省2020-2021年高中政治学业水平测试模拟测试题（六）（含解析）(时间：90分钟，满分：100分)一、单项选择题Ⅰ：本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。
1.在我们日常生活中，商品买卖往往是“一手交钱，一手交货”。
这反映了货币的A. 价值尺度职能B. 流通手段职能C. 贮藏手段职能D. 支付手段职能【答案】B【解析】【详解】在商品买卖中如果做到了“一手交钱，一手交货”，此时货币充当商品交换的媒介，履行流通手段职能，故B符合题意，入选；选项ACD均不符合题意，故排除。
故本题答案为B。
【点睛】注意货币职能的区别：2.为了提高学习成绩，小张同学周末都去培训中心请名师指点学习。
按消费目的划分，这种消费行为属于A. 产品消费B. 发展资料消费C. 贷款消费D. 租赁消费【答案】B【解析】【详解】按消费目的划分，生活消费可以分为生存资料消费、发展资料消费和享受资料消费。
发展资料的消费是为了提高自己劳动素质而进行的消费，包括教育、培训、书本等等。
题干中小张同学周末都去培训中心请名师指点学习属于提高自身素质和技能而进行的消费，按消费目的划分该消费属于发展资料消费，故B符合题意；A不属于消费的类型，不选；CD属于按照交易方式进行的划分，不符合题意。
故本题答案为B。
【点睛】消费的类型（1）按照交易方式不同划分①钱货两清的消费②贷款消费③租赁消费（2）按消费目的分①生存资料消费②展资料消费③享受资料消费3.________是以保护消费者健康和节约资源为主旨，符合人的健康和环境保护标准的各种消费行为的总称。
A. 理性消费B. 适度消费C. 循环经济D. 绿色消费【答案】D【解析】【详解】绿色消费是以保护消费者健康和节约资源为主旨，符合人的健康和环境保护标准的各种消费行为的总称，核心是是可持续性消费，故D符合题意；选项ABC均与题意不符，排除。
故本题答案为D。
4.近日，某媒体问卷调查结果显示：居民投资谨慎，储蓄意愿继续增长，国债跃居居民投资首选。
广东省珠海市2021届高三政治教学质量检测试题（含解析）
广东省珠海市2021届高三政治教学质量检测试题（含解析）新人教版24．某市依照国家发改委《关于提高2021年小麦最低收购价钱的通知》精神并结合本地市场情形，对小麦市场收购价钱进行最低限价。
右图为该市小麦供给、需求状况。
右图供给曲线S和需求曲线D相交于点E，以下说法正确的选项是①价钱由P0一P1时，市场供给增加，处于买方市场②价钱由P0一P1时，市场需求增加，处于买方市场③假设价钱下限确信为P0，会致使市场的小麦多余总收益提高④假设价钱下限确信为P2，可能对小麦市场需求阻碍可不能专门大A．①④B．①②C．②③D．②④25．据专家预测，中国居民的网上贸易到2021 年将达到全国零售贸易总价值的7. 4% ,77 ％的城市居民将在网上购物。
网上购物①减少了流通环节，降低了商品价钱②降低了商品的价值，提高了消费的质量③带动了物流业的进展，丰硕了人民生活④丰硕了商品互换的形式，增进了商品升级换代A．①②B．②④C．①③D．③④26．右图是a、b 两种理财产品在一按时刻内的收益率走势图。
比较这两种产品的投资价值，分析正确的选项是A . a 产品投资风险小，适合低收入者投资B . b 产品投资风险小，适合稳健型投资者投资C . b 产品投资收益率上升幅度小，不适合投资D . a 产品投资风险大，不适合高收入者投资27 ．党的十八届三中全会强调，经济体制改革是全面深化改革的重点，核心问题是处置好政府和市场的关系，使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用。
上述核心问题说明A ．随着我国经济的深切进展，市场在资源配置中的基础性作用愈来愈被弱化B ．随着社会主义市场经济的深切进展，市场调剂作用慢慢取代宏观调控的作用C ．随着社会主义市场经济的深切进展，只有市场才能成为社会资源的调剂手腕D ．市场对资源配制的作用在增进我国社会主义市场经济进展中显得愈来愈突出【答案】D【解析】试题分析：核心问题是处置好政府和市场的关系，使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用说明了市场在资源配置中的作用加倍突出，因此选项D正确；选项A违抗事实；选项B不科学，因为市场调剂的同时需要国家的宏观调控；选项C说法不科学。