中西方饮食文化差异The difference between Chinese and western food culture
The Differences between Chinese and Western Food Cultures 中西饮食文化差异
毕业设计（论文）开题报告助学点：外语系专业：英语（外贸英语方向）IIIIII毕业设计（论文）中期报告IVThe Differences between Chinese andWestern Food Cultures中西饮食文化差异摘要饮食文化是人类文化的重要组成部分，它直接关系到人类的身心健康。
中西文化之间的差异导致了中西饮食文化的差异,而这种差异来自中西不同的价值观、思维方式和处世方式。
本文对饮食观念、饮食结构和餐桌礼仪三方面的饮食文化内涵进行了研究,并分析了中西饮食文化的对立统一性,以及二者相互融合的趋势。
了解中西饮食文化, 可以提高我们的跨文化交际意识和能力，可以避免跨文化交际过程中由于不同的饮食文化和观念而产生的矛盾和冲突,增进双方的了解和沟通。
关键词：跨文化交际，文化价值，饮食文化，对立统一VThe Differences between Chinese and Western Food CulturesABSTRACTFood culture is the key part of the human culture, which is directly related to human beings’ physical and mental health. Cultural differences between China and western countries create the differences of food cultures, which come from the different cultural values, ways of thinking and philosophy. By comparing the different cultural values between China and western countries, the paper mainly makes a research on the differences of Western and Chinese food cultures from the aspects of food conception, structure and table manners. It also states the food cultures opposites in unity between these two kinds of countries and inevitability of their blending together. Understanding their differences and rectifying the attitudes towards the individual culture will enhance our communicative awareness and competence and avoid the contradictions and conflicts brought forth by different food cultures and values, and thus promoting culture exchange and development.Keywords:cross-cultural communication; cultural value; food cultures; opposites in unityVIAcknowledgementsWith the completeness of my thesis, I feel very excited. My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Ms , my supervisor, for her constant encouragement and guidance. She has walked me through all the writing of this thesis. Without her constant and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not reach its present form.I am greatly indebted to authors and writers for their allowing me to have access to their books pertinent to this dissertation.I also thank those who help me in course of the writing and whose names I can’t list here one by one.VIICONTENTS摘要 (V)ABSTRACT (V)I1 Introduction (1)2 Main Differences between Chinese and Western Food Culrures (2)2.1 Conceptual Differences (2)2.2 Different Manners (4)2.3 Different Characteristics (7)2.3.1 Different Dinner Service (7)2.3.2 Different Cookbooks and Reasons (8)3 The Unity of Food Cultures as Two Opposites (10)4 Conclusion (13)References (14)VIII1 IntroductionCulture has a long history, and it still is being studied nowadays. Culture is something that originated with the emergence of man. Sir Edward, the British anthropologist, says that culture is that complex whole that includes knowledge, belief, and moral, law, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society. (Harris, 1987, 2) Different regions, different races and different countries all form their own culture. Different regions and different living environments make them have different backgrounds. Different backgrounds affect different appearance of cultures. Food culture is the basic culture for a nation. Food cultures can show differences and characteristics of different nations or countries.As an important aspect of culture，Food culture can be defined as the sum of material and spiritual phenomena in the catering activities. With the emphasis on a healthy food, many Chinese and foreign scholars are studying the nutritional food in order to find a more reasonable food. Differences of food cultures in different countries are a phenomenon of cross-cultural communication. Studying these differences can train people’adaptability in cross-cultural communication. Cross-cultural communication in the situation of globalization makes the different food cultures complementary and integrated.12 Main Differences between Chinese and Western Food Culrures 2.1 Conceptual DifferencesDifferences between American and Chinese food culture reflects two different food concepts and values. Chinese people are always upholding “People regard food as their heave, taste is the essence of food” .the eight major cuisines of china reflect the rich connotations of Chinese food culture. From this, we can know that the food is in a very important position in minds of Chinese people. Chinese food culture concerns the meaning of material and has a trend of achieving a mental need. Chinese food cult ure’s great sentiment is well established, so it has the very high prestige in the world. The Chinese people think that it is reasonable to eat three meals a day. Eating can relieve thirst and appease hunger, but it has some meanings. For example, when a child comes into the world, the relatives often eat the red-painted eggs. These kinds of eggs contain their wishes and their expectations. Life can be continued and the great expectations can be passed down from generation to generation. When a child is one year old, their family will hold a party to celebrate it and to eat many kinds of food. When people want to have a marriage, they also want to have a lively banquet to celebrate it. Seen from the surface, these kinds of eating are only satisfy physical needs. In fact, they have ulterior motivations. They want to take advantage of this kind of form to express one kind of psychological connotation. Eating has a very profound and significant position in the society.Through the Chinese and the Western association, our food culture has merged into some new characteristics. Besides the quality, fragrance and flavor, food should concern the nutrition. This is a progressive expression of the Chinese food. The basic connotation and inspection of the Chinese food culture not only can be helpful to deepen the food cultural theory, but can occupy the world market. It can make the Chinese food culture have the profound and positive sense. It may have four characteristics: refinement, beauty, feeling, courtesy. The four characters have reflected the food activities, and have processed the food quality, the esthetic experience, the emotional activity, the social function and so on. They also contain unique cultural implication. They reflect close relation between the food culture and the outstanding traditional culture.2Chinese food culture attacks great importance to the food’s fine beauty and making devices.First, “refinement” can be used to summarize the intrinsic quality. Confucius said that the good food can be shown from the beautiful appearance, and we consider the minced meat to be good because of its thin. This reflects that the ancients have begun to concern high-quality food. Certainly this is possibly limited to certain aristocrat. But this kind of high-quality food can show one kind of cultural spirit. More and more cultural spirit has permeated the entire food activity. Choosing the material, the cooking, and the food atmosphere all manifest this characteristic of refinement.Second, “beauty” manifests the food culture’s esthetical characteristic. One important reason why Chinese food can conquer the world lies in its beauty. This kind of beauty refers to the Chinese food can unite the form of action and the perfect content. People can enjoy this kind of happy spirit. The first reason for making people to taste the food is the beauty of the food, anther criterion for judging food is the technique of cooking which can make people have an esthetical feeling.Third, “feeling” can be used to summarize the function o f satisfying psychological need of Chinese food culture. Eating and drinking cannot simply reflect it. In fact, feeling is a medium that can make people exchange the emotion. It is one kind of entirely new social activity. At the same time, while eating a meal, people also can chat with each other. They may do business, exchange information and have the interview. The friends’ meeting and parting and seeing off the departing people are the sentimental disturbance.Fourth, the Chinese food can show the court esy of Chinese people. The “refinement”, “beauty”, “feeling” and “courtesy”, can be used to summarize the basic conations of Chinese food culture. In the other words, these four aspects are the organic constitution of Chinese food culture. The refinement and beauty stress on the food image and the quality. The feeling and courtesy can lay emphasis on the view of food. These four characteristics can show the prevailing customs. They are the special characteristics and can make the Chinese food culture be different from Western food culture.Western food cannot have these characteristics like Chinese food. It concerns more nutrition of food rather than other aspects. The Western people have a very scientific view3of food, but they may have less attention to the flavor of food. The Western people justconsider the food as a fuel of bodies. They just want to live by eating the food, and eating the food is to live and to keep healthy.2.2 Different MannersFirst, there are different arrangements of seats.Chinese and western all concern the arrangement of seats at a formal banquet.In China, etiquette on food has a very long history. It is recorded that in Chou Dynasty, had formed a set of perfect systems. Especially, since Confucius praised the etiquette, the etiquette has become an important part for every dynasty to show its mightiness, kindness and civilization. As a traditional etiquette, it has its process. Traditionally, Chinese people often use the old fashioned square table or round table for eight people. The host invites people to have the dinner. When some guests come, the host often let them have a rest in the drawing room and drink some tea. The host could let all the guests take their seats in the dining room when all the guests arrive. The left place is the respectful and is considered the first place. Then the seat near to the first seat is the second. They usually let the guest who is in the high rank take the left seat and then arrange the others’ seats one by one. After the guests all took their seats, the host should toast and let the guests eat more foods. In China, it is a good and polite way for the host to treat the guests in this way. The host should let the guests feel at ease. Sometimes he or she can pick up the food and put in to the g uests’ plates. However, this action cannot be done excessively, and it will let the guests feel embarrassed. The reason is that sometimes it is very hard for the guests to deal with their excessive foods. Until Qing Dynasty, the Western food was brought in to China. Some Western countries’ etiquette also went into our country. Some changes have taken place in our traditional etiquettes. Nowadays, etiquette on Chinese food has developed on the basis of keeping traditions and consulting Western countries’ etiq uettes. The order of seat is that the right is considered as the first place and respectful position. The main host takes the seat facing to the door. The first and second important guest should sit on both sides of the host. The second guest also can seat near the first important guest.When the Western people have the dinner, they often use the long and square table. Thehost and hostess take both sides of the table, and then arrange the guests of honor.4Second, table manners differ greatly from country to country. Traditionally, at the Chinese dining table, everyone has his or her own bowl of stable food, while the dishes are placed in the middle of the table to be shared by all. This age-old custom is one manifestation of the importance of food in Chinese civilization. It is the cooked dishes, rather than flowers, that serve as center pieces on a Chinese table; food is frequently the main topic of dinner time and food is the medium of communicating the host’s good wishes and the joy of the celebration. Enjoyment of the food offered is much more important than conversation.When we have a dinner, we cannot think only of ourselves. If we have a meal with others, we must examine whether our hands are clean. Do not put the left food to the pot, and do not hold the food by yourself. In the dinner, the drink is the necessary thing. It plays an important role at banquets. It can make people feel excited and make the atmosphere high. At the same time, in order to express the respect for others, they often drink the bear one cup by one cup. The host takes the first piece of the most valued food and put it on their guest of honor’s plate after leading the first drink. This will signify the beginning of the eating and is considered as a friendly gesture. At the banquet, some things need to be considered. Some seeds and bones of the food should be placed on the table or in a reserved dish. Do not place these in your bowl. If you want to break the dinner for a while, you can vertically put chopstick on the dishes. If you put chopsticks horizontally on the dishes or place your chopsticks on the table, it shows that you are full and do not eat anymore. Do not place your chopsticks parallel on the top of your bowl. It is believed to bring bad luck. Do not stick your chopsticks straight up in your rice bowl. Do not put the end of the chopsticks in your mouth. Sometimes, try not to drop your chopsticks on some formal occasions. This is also considered a sign of bad luck. After finishing the dinner, guests should help hosts clear away bowls and chopsticks and give them to the hosts. The hosts should rise and let the guests not work and sit down. These customs are also necessary in the modern times.At the banquet of the Western countries, they should sit bolt upright, and they think it is impolite to stoop down and to lower their heads. At the same time, they should keep a distance between their bodies and the table. It is appropriate for people to be able to use forks, knives and spoons. It is not allowed to put their arms on the table or to stretch out5their arms to stand in others’ way. They also should use the table napkin. The napkin only can be used to clean mouth and hands. Do not use it to clean utensils and even sweat. When finishing the dinner, you should put the napkin on the right of the dish. It is considered bad manners to make any noise while eating soup in Western countries, while it is not considered impolite to drink soup noisily in Asian countries. If the soup is hot, we can drink it when it becomes a bit cold. Do not blow it to make it cold. When drinking the soup, people should use soup spoons from the inner to outer. After the soup is finished, they should leave the spoon in the bowl. Do not make the knife fork and spoon make a sound when you are eating the meal. If you do not use them, you just put them on the right places and do not play with them. In Western society, anyone who lifts their plate or bowl from the table is criticized. There are also correct and incorrect ways of using your cutlery at the dining table. Good etiquettes require a person to put food on the back of their fork; that is, not to use their forks as spoons. However, most people do sometimes use their fork as a spoon when they eat some food, like rice, it is an impolite way to wave knives and forks when you are speaking. There is a different way to show finishing the dinner in the Western countries. At a Western banquet, if you want to have a break during the dinner, you should put the knife and fork in the middle of plate by the splay shape. If you put the knife and fork outside of the plate, it will be not safe and also it cannot have a good looking. In the Western countries, the hostess often is the master of the whole party. The guests often need to behave properly, and they begin to eat the food when the hostess begins to eat. When finishing the dinner, it is common that the hostess leaves the table first and then the guests begin to leave. At this point, we can see that at the dinner, the ladies are in the important places. It can show their kindness of the gentlemen. “Lady first” often can be said by them and the gentlemen often can show their polite actions to the ladies. This is a good action for people and we should learn it. In the formal feast, there are many things that should be known and considered. Especially at Western countries’ feast, people should know about those manners and customs. If not, people will make many mistakes, what is worse; their impolite ways can disturb and influence others. Sometimes, the action of people will be a joke for people to absorb into the big environment and to communicate with others well. As for foreigners, if they can learn about them well, it can make them adapt to the life of others.6Third, there are also differences in the order of dishes. In China, the first dish is soup, and then the main food, such as rice. The last of the dinner is fruit that is used to expedite the assimilation. In the Western countries, the order is vegetable, soup, fruit, drink and rice. The sweetmeat and coffee often are the last.Fourth, we have different requests for dressing. In China, people can be informally dressed, even T-shirts and jeans when they are in the restaurant. Only when they attend some formal feast, they will be grandly dressed. In the Western countries, if people go to the deluxe restaurant, the men should wear the clean coat and leather shoes, and the ladies should wear skirts and shoes with heels. If they are asked to wear the formal clothes, the men need to wear ties. They cannot be dressed in casual wear to go to the restaurant to have the dinner. If they just do so, they will be considered to be impolite by others. If we have the chance to have formal dinners, we should remember to wear formal clothes. It can show your kindness and courtesy.2.3 Different CharacteristicsFood culture is not only related to eating, It is the culture that includes beliefs, views, philosophies, regions, art and other things that are related to food, and many new things have swarmed into our countries. Among them, there is the food culture. Many people desire to try different foods from different countries. However, there are a few people who can really learn about these differences. The food culture of one country or one place can be the epitome of its culture. In order to increase communications between different nations, we should learn about these characteristics.2.3.1 Different Dinner Service“The difference between the Eastern and Western civilization is primarily different in the tools used. The difference between the Western and the Chinese culture is primarily different in the dinner service.” (胡适，2001:25)In China, chopsticks are the tool used for eating. Chopsticks can be dated from Chou Dynasty. In the West, people often use knife and fork in the dinner. Knife and fork’s appearance is later than chopstick.Professor You Xiuling who is in Zhejiang University thinks that the West and the East7turn up dinner services’ differences that are related to the environment. Chopstick should be invented in the place where there were bamboos. In the ancient period, our forefathers mainly used their hands to grasp and eat food. Later because people were fond of roasting food, but they could not directly use their hands to operate, they must depend on the branch to turn over the food. As time passed, intelligent forefathers gradually learned to use bamboo slip to take food.Knife and forks originated from ancient nomadic Europeans. After they gradually settled down, livestock husbandry gave first place in Europe. Because of it, their principal food was meat. They must use knife to cut meat and send it to mouth. In order to improve the gesture of eating, European people used the fork in the 15th century. Until they settled down in the city, knife and fork were not in the kitchen. There was a history of four hundred or five hundred years for them to use knife and fork together.Knife and fork and chopsticks not only bring diversities of eating’s habits, but also influence the Western and Chinese people’s views of life. Knife and fork bring the style of separating food, and chopsticks are suitable for having a meal with family members. (游修龄，2003：1) The Western feature is derived that Western people are particular about independence, but the style of eating using chopstick make Chinese people have the firm family views. Chopsticks are a symbol of cultural traditions. Its characteristic is that exchangeability adapts to changeability. This is still what Chinese people are proud of and it is an advanced symbol. The famous physicist PhD Li Zhengdao has perfect discussion for chopsticks’ advantages. He thinks that Chopsticks used the principl e of lever and what hands can do.2.3.2 Different Cookbooks and ReasonsChinese traditional agriculture kept many habits of hunting, and there are many cookbooks and lots of cooking devices.In China, although there is no agreement on the precise number of Chinese regional cuisines, those concerned with such matters agrees that the four principal culinary regions are Shandong, Sichuan, Canton and Yangzhou, with Fujian-Taiwan most commonly listed as a fifth. At the same time, these designations are not hard and fast geographical boundaries.8The cuisine of entire densely populated Yangtze River delta area, including Wuxi, Suzhou, Shanghai and Hangzhou dishes, falls under the category of Yangzhou cuisine. All over China, there are numerous local delicacies and foods unique to various ethnic groups are middle and low levels of food attract lots of consumers. Their food is also Chinese food’s main stream.In Chinese cooking, frying, deep-frying, stewing and other ways of cooking are made of various cooking devices.Western traditional agriculture is animal husbandry, and plant products industry has a little wheat. Its cookbooks and cooking devices are fewer and simpler than China. As we all know, Western people like the bread, cake, cheese and other foods that often contain sugar. Another favorite food is the beefsteak with blood.The fast food is also very popular in Western countries. You can find a fast food chain, like McDonald’s, Burger King, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Pizza Hut or Taco Bell. You also can get a hero or submarine sandwich “to stay” or “to go” from sandwich shop or deli. It is related to the fast step of life.Now in Western countries, many ethnic restaurants are commonplace. Many Western countries are developed countries, and they become countries of immigrants. So there is an immense variety in its catering culture. In America, any large American city is filled with restaurants serving international cooking. Many cities even have ethnic sections: Chinatown, Little Italy, or Germantown. With this vast ethnic choice, we can enjoy food from all over the world. From this, we can feel that many food cultures are merging into other different food culture. Now some Chinese foods have been directly absorbed into English form of Latin alphabets. Such as chow mien (炒面), Tofu pulp (豆浆), won ton (馄饨) and so on. At the same time, many foreign sweets and cakes are favorably received by Chinese people.93 The Unity of Food Cultures as Two OppositesNowadays, technology develops so fast, and it needs every nation and every country to communicate with each other. It can make the world go on developing. Cultures in different countries are continuously advancing, changing and developing. In this situation, every country will have the chance to absorb other cul tures’ advantages. Cultural communication will clad to one manifestation-cultural assimilation. This is one kind of direction of cultural development. As communication is continuously deep-going, we all realize that we should learn about the characteristics of other cultures because we need to communicate with each other and we need to develop. If we do not know about these, it will be very hard to communicate with each other. Now the economy is developing, and every country also wants to develop. If one country wants to develop, it cannot only communicate with itself. It needs to communicate with other countries, and it needs to learn about developments of other countries and the world. One country cannot develop itself if it does not communicate with others. This kind of communication makes us know more about other countries, including their cultures. Among these cultures, food culture is one kind of important culture. It can play an important role in the business. In the business, the etiquettes of the food culture must be considered. It can be helpful for us to learn more about these etiquettes. It lets us adjust to these ones and let us become more easily to communicate with other people. We will have more topics to talk about. “Nowadays, all kinds of culture really enter an era of reciprocal link, reciprocal influence. So does the food culture.” (张从益，2004:96) that is, people’s curiosity and each other’s adaptation. As China opens her door to the world, many new things rush into her. Among them, is food? Fast food restaurants like KFC and McDonald’s are distinct American brands. Deep-rooted in the Chinese consciousness is the traditional culture of food and drink that features color, fragrance, flavor and variety. Fast food simply does not compare. Now that curiosity had faded, people returned to their own more extensive cuisine. Under such circumstances, the only way out was to combine the two different cultures. Fast food restaurants have been learning to absorb elements of Chinese culture. Since the summer of 2001, KFC has introduced many Chinese items onto their menus. Consumers felt their traditions were being10respected when they could taste Chinese cuisine at a foreign restaurant. The soup proved a success, and Mushroom Rice, tomato and Egg Soup, and Traditional Peking Chicken Roll were soon added to the menu. KFC also serves packets of Happy French Fry Shakes that contain beef, orange and Augur barbecue spices KFC and McDonald’s have absorbed the Chinese cultural elements of showing respect, recognition, understanding, assimilation and amalgamation, while maintaining the substance of the Western culture of efficiency, freedom, democracy, equality and humanity. This inter-cultural management mode, with American business culture at the core, supplemented by Chinese traditional culture, provides reference for international enterprises which need to adjust, enrich and reconstruct their corporate culture to enhance local market flexibility. On the objective side, there must be similarities in environment in order for the two cultures to connect and synchronize. KFC and McDonald’s embody an accommodation of the f ast tempo of modern life: a product of development and a market economy. China’s rapid economic development offered the environmental conditions corresponding to fast food culture. Services offered by fast food chains express their full respect for freedom, an American value, as well as the psychological statement of Chinese open-mindedness that desires to understand and experience the Western lifestyle.As China’s integration into the world economy accelerates, Western food has grown from a small novelty into an emerging industry and an essential part of Chinese food culture. Western food has become more diversified and has increasingly provided Chinese consumers with unconventional enjoyment, a complete turn from traditional Chinese food culture. China now has Western-style cuisine of various nationalities and special characteristics. French, German, and Italian restaurants are the most popular.In the Western countries, there are also many kinds of Chinese foods. Chinese foods are also very popular. The Chinese restaurants in the Western countries have grown in popularity among the Western people. Even the Chinese basketball superstar Yao Ming has managed a Chinese restaurant in America. It is obvious that Chinese food has already been into Western countries. All kinds of foods become popular in the world, and many people begin to learn about the etiquettes of them. People have become familiar with these etiquettes. These etiquettes have a large scale for the world. In order to enter other11。
The difference between Chinese and Western diet culture中西饮食文化差异
煎 煮 炸 炖
salt soy source vinegar Cooking wine sugar starch vitamin
盐 酱油 醋 料酒 糖 淀粉 维生素 矿物质 纤维素 脂肪
Medicinal cuisine herb Chinese medicine food tonic medicine tonic unique flavor herbal juice regimen balance nutrition Nutritional components
The Diet Idea 饮食观念
Western--Since the westerners believe in separation of the universe and human in their cultural spirit and thinking model, emphasize the form and structure and value the clearness, they form a special idea about the food science.
桑拿虾
石锅田螺
桑拿鱼
桑拿酒香雁肉
煎封
煎封，是粤菜煎法中的 一种，又叫煎碰。多用 于烹制肉厚的鱼类，所 用汁液用上汤、喼汁、 盐、白糖、酱油等拌成 ，称为煎封汁。其要点 是将鱼煎至金黄色，加 料头和汁液，上盖焖熟 、勾芡。实为一种煎为 主，焖为辅的方法。成 品既有煎的芳香，也有 焖的浓醇。滑软可口， 风味别致。
the order of dishes
。
In the west
1 appetizer: salad, compote, seafood 2 soup: corn soup ,onion soup 3 main course :meat (fish,chicken,steak) 4 dessert: sandwich, macaroni [,mækə‘rəuni] 通心粉， biscuit，pudding 5 coffee
昂立学生用英语作文简单谈中西方饮食文化差异
Differences between Chinese and British food cultureWe all know that different nations have different cultures. Food culture as an important part of the culture, the differences between Chinese and British food culture involves many parts, such as eating habits, mealtimes, different dishware and dining rituals.First of all, let's know about Chinese food cultures.In China, people like to eat together. We can regard it as collectivistic orientation. There are several times which Chinese must get together and have a meal together. For examples, when people get married, the new couples will invite their friends and relatives, and prepare banquet for them. Also when people died or baby born, even people move into their new house, Chinese will get together and eat together. It sound like Chinese show their special emotion by eat together. But pay a attention to these things: you'd better don't start to eat when the elder haven't start to eat, and you 'd better eat dishes nearby, don't try to get the dishes which are far away from you. When you eat at someone's home, don't eat all of food in you dish when you full, but just a little food left ,or hostess would think you didn't eat enough.Then, let's know something about British food culture.In Britain, people pay more attention to privacy. You can't go other's home before you were invited. When you were invited to party, you'd better be late for about 10minutes, but if you late over 30minutes, you should apologize to the host. British food are simple, but eating manners are complex. The most important is that you must sit up straight and keep quiet. You should put everything in place, don't put cutlery optionally. Generally speaking each meal has a main dish and salad, and final dessert. Don't burp in front of others and you 'd better do not smoke when you eat. After the meal, you should leave one hour later. If you want to be a gentleman, you should move chair for ladies before and after meal.Maybe we can find that there is a little difference between Chinese and British food culture. And next, Let's know more details about Chinese and British foodculture.1.Different Features in Chinese and British food cultureBecause of the long history and wildly area of China. Chinese food contain lots of parts, even people in different season use different way to cook. There are too many kinds of food to list. When someone invite their friends in China. The more expensive or precious the food is, the more "face" he can earn. In this sense, formal banquets in China have one thing in common :there should be more than enough food on the table. Otherwise the host will lose face.Compared with extravagant banquets in China, the scale of banquets in Britain is much smaller. For example: in a party , the host usually does not prepare food and drinks and serves some simple food only like cheese , sandwiches and fruits. For most British this is a good opportunity for communication and strengthen relationships.2.Different seating arrangementIn China, the seat facing south in a banquet is usually regarded as the most important, while the seat facing north is comparatively less important. But things are different in Britain. In the past , the most distinguished guest was seated on the left side of the host. With the development of civilization, this old style of assassination has been extinct for a long time. Nowadays, the seat at the right side of the host is more honorable than one on the left side in the widely recognized rule.3.Different main food in Chinese and British food cultureRice and cooked wheaten food are two main staple foods in China. Also other kinds of cereals like maize, Kaoliang, grain, tuber crop have become staple food.Meat, milk and bread are the staple food in Britain. A common meal usually consists of soup, bread and butter. Potato is another staple food in Britain, it is as important as rice in China.There are so many differences between Chinese food culture and British's . There are also other aspects which I have not mentioned. We can't tell which is batter ,but we should accept different cultures and respect them. If someday we go to other countries ,we do as Romans do.。
中西方饮食文化差异英语作文
中西方饮食文化差异英语作文篇一：英语论文中西方饮食文化差异2012届本科毕业论文姓名：系别：专业：学号：指导教师：2012年5月The Differences of Dietary CulturesBetween China and the WestShangqiu Normal UniversityMay 2012摘要饮食是人们生存的根本，中西方都不例外。
饮食文化是民族文化的重要组成部分。
随着21世纪全球化进程，跨文化交际日益频繁，其中饮食文化成了东西方文化交流的最基本内容。
但是由于长期以来形成的生活环境、风俗习惯、价值观念的不同，中西方形成了各自不同的饮食文化。
由于饮食文化的不同，中西方人在交流的过程中有时会产生一些误解。
本文主要从中西方饮食观念、烹饪取材、饮食结构、烹饪方式以及上菜顺序等方面来论述中西方饮食文化差异，以促进中西方文化交际的顺利进行。
关键词：饮食；饮食文化；差异AbstractDiet is the base of living, with no exception in China or the West. Dietaryculture is an important part of the national culture. With the entrance of the 21st century, cross-cultural communication has become more and more frequent, among which dietary culture has been the most basic content. However, because of the differences in living environments, customs and value concepts China and the West have formed their own different dietary cultures. As a result, there appears some misunderstandings sometimes between Chinese and the Westerners in their communication. This paper will analyze the differences of dietary cultures between China and the West from dietary concepts, raw materials, dietary structures, cooking patterns and the order of serving dishes so as to facilitate the efficient communication between Chinese and Westerners.Key words: diet；dietary culture; differenceContents摘要...................................................................................................... (I)1 1IntroductionWith the entrance of the 21st century cross-cultural communication has been a more and more popular activity even among common people. However, because of the differences of areas, environments and customs, different nations have formed their specific cultures. Among the four aspects of clothing, eating, housing and behaving, Chinese people have got closer and closer to the Westerners in other three aspects except in eating. It is only in the aspect of eating that Chinese people have the biggest篇二：中西方饮食文化对比研究(英语专业毕业论文)LUOYANG NORMAL UNIVERSITY2014届本科毕业论文中西方饮食文化差异院（系）名称专业名称学学指完外国语学院英语（双学位）张杨子120722066生姓名号导成教时师间莫艳艳讲师2014年5月Luoyang Normal UniversityDifferent Food Cultures Between China and the WestA Thesis Submitted to Foreign Languages College ofLuoyang Normal University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirementsfor the Degree of Bachelor of ArtsBy Zhang Yangzi Supervisor：Mo YanyanMay 10, 2014中文摘要饮食文化在世界文化中起着十分重要的作用，不同的国家有自己不同的饮食文化特点。
跨文化交际演讲中西方饮食文化差异thedifferencesbetweenchineseandwesterndiet
nutrition, They don’t usually eat them without cooking
Three ways in cooking western food
• Coking of cooking 焦化作用的烹饪 • ramollescence cooking 软化作用的烹饪 • mixed cooking 混合焦化软化作用的烹饪
• use the round tables and chopsticks, which fully shows the harmonious and relaxing atmosphere
• The Western use plates as containers of food.
• lives on hunting, and wants to win and risk. They want to conquer.
Several aspects of the differences between the diet
• The different concept of food and drink • The Diet Structure • The Cooking Way • The Tableware • The Table Manners
Some words and expressions you may use to discuss cookery
and regimen
The Tableware
• use the chopstick
• influenced by the agriculture, so they like to live a peaceful life
中西方饮食文化差异
The differences between Chinese and western food culture Food is the first necessity of man and the heaven to the people,different regions have different diet culture.Today,I will tell you some differents between china and the west.In China ,people usually use Chopsticks to have a meal ，but westerners’ tableware are knife and fork.Chinese idea about food is also different with westerner’.According to their traditional idea, they tend to seek the relationship between two different objects, and make them change to each other.What Chinese people care about is the deliciousness of food.In occidental opinion, one should choose his food only according to his need as an independent individual and the balanced requirement of all kinds of nutrients for each part of his body. The western people pay more attention to the balance of nutrition.In terms of staple food,Chinese eat rice, porridge,noodles or dumplings and so on .However,westerners prefer to eat bread or drink milk and steal.When Chinese people have dinner together,the dishes are placed on the table and everyone shares . In contrast ,you have your own plate of food in the west.Chinese people often put food into the plates of their guests ! But,westerners enjoy them selves…..The custom of toasting in some parts of China is to finish the drink at once, and they view it as politeness and “liberated(爽)".Excessive drinking is never proper, and when toasting Westerners usually only take a sip of their drinkTake attention to your behaver when you have dinner in the western dining hall!1.Less sound ,and less movements.2.Start with soup.3.All the guests get their food ,the hostess will let us begin to eat.。
中西饮食文化差异
tableware
Chinese people give priority to with porcelain tableware, variety is less, mainly is the bowl, chopsticks, plates, spoons, glasses, etc., large and small banquet are applicable. 中国人的餐具以瓷器为主，品种较少，主要是碗，筷子， 盘子，勺子，酒杯等，大大小小的宴会都适用。
Different cultural background has the different diet idea and diet custom, finally forms the different diet culture.
不同的文化背景，有不同的饮食观念和饮食 习俗，最终形成不同的饮食文化。
Westerners to eating emphasize science and nutrition, is a kind of rational diet culture. In the process of cooking are in strict accordance with the scientific and standardized way, for raw material and the weight of the seasoning down to the exact gramme, is famous for its fine. 西方人饮食强调科学与营养，是一种理性的饮食文 化。在烹调过程中都要严格按照科学规范行事，对 原料和调料的重量精确到克，以精致著称。
中西方饮食文化差异
The difference between chinese and western food culture
论中西方饮食文化差异 On The Cultural Differences Between Chinese And Western Food
论中西饮食文化差异ON THE CULTURAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CHINESE ANDWESTERN FOOD内容摘要摘要饮食是人类生活生存与发展的必需可是由于中西方文化传统的差异导致了中西方饮食文化在观念对象方式归属与性质方面产生了差异研究这些差异找出可以融会贯通的地方促进中西文化交流台湾张起钧教授说过古语说饮食男女人之大欲存焉由此赋予饮食以丰富的文化内涵虽然饮食文化在西方不够发达但这种不发达本身也是一种文化发展的结果所以对中西饮食文化的比较仍有意义通过对中西饮食文化差异的分析我们可以了解中西方各自的文化传统同时能对中国文化进行改善与创新关键词饮食文化文化传统差异Abstract Diet is absolutely necessary in the life of mankind and even in the existence or development Because of the differences between Chinese and western cultural traditions the Chinese and western dietary cultures are different in concept target pattern attribution and nature We study these differences and then find out the points that can be digested in order to facilitate the communication about cultures between China and the west Taiwan Professor Zhang Qijun said The old saying Eat drink man woman who wishes greatly Thus the diet is rich in culture Food culture in the west is not developed enough but this underdevelopment itself is the result of the development of a culture so it is still significant to study the dietary cultures of Chinese and Western diet By the analysis of the differences between Chinese andwestern dietary cultures we can comprehend the respective cultural traditions of China and the west And we can also improve and create the culture of China Key Words dietary culturecultural tradition differencesContentsPartI Introduction 5Part II The differences in concepts521 Cultural differences622 Comparing with the Chinesediet western diet tastesStereotyped6Part III Chinese diet is a sense of beauty diet731 This dish is "delicious" 732 Differences in targets all diet cannot be done withoutvegetables 8Part IV Westerners do not seem to have such a good habit 841 There are more meat dishes in western lives 8PartV The cultural behaviors 1051 The difference cultural behaviors in western and Chinese1052 Difference in Diet Attribution There are differences betweenChinese And western diet attribution1253 Differences in Dietary Patterns13PartVI Conclusion14References15On The Cultural Differences Between Chinese And Western Food Part I IntroductionOnce there is a saying that "Food is eating well-deserved for human life so food is an indispensable condition for the survival and development of human beings There are two desires in life one is feasting them to survive and another is the lust of men and women which can help the mankind to carry on the family line Facing the two desires China pays more attention to the former while the west tends to the latter Such phenomenon affects the cultural trend Diet is actually the contents of our daily lives but why we call it culture That is because the diet has special status in the Chinese culture and it also has a great distinction between China and the west As one of the world ancient nations Chinas diet has a history almost as long as that of Chinese civilization But in western countries ancient thinkers devoted less attention to the food problem than the Chinese philosophers did and there is even not aware of it to the "heaven" degree Receiving the influence of respective cultural tradition the Chinese and western dietary culture has had different characteristicPart II The differences in conceptsTargets patterns attribution and naturead reflected the different dietary culture in the different state characteristicsuch characteristic has enriched the research value of dietary culture21 cultural differencesWe can find out a joint enhancing the communication between China and the west through a comprehensive study of the subject It may be a great help to thecommunication of the Chinese and western cultures I Differences in Concepts First the Chinese and western diet have the differences that cannot be ignored in concepts Nobody will deny that the Western diet is a rational concept regardless of the color of food incense flavor and shape but nutrition must be assured It cares about the intake of calories vitamins protein and so on during a day22 Comparing with the Chinese diet western diet tastes stereotypedAs simple as chewing the candle but the sense tells them We must eat them all because of the nutrition And then they put it bluntly just like refueling machine The concept of western diet is compatible with the whole western philosophy Metaphysics is the main feature of western philosophy Such kind of philosophy brings vitality to western culture so the natural sciences psychology and methodology achieve a rapid development In some other aspects such philosophy proposition is a significantly obstacle such as the dietary culture which is the inevitable thing to drop behind and just the metaphysics of methodology marks everywhere In celebration it stresses tableware stresses the staple stresses the servings and stresses the color and shape mix of raw materials But no matter how luxurious the grade is from Los Angeles to New York only one taste of steak it is no art to speak of And as dishes the chicken is chicken steak is steak even in groups which are also conducted in a shallow dish In a dish of "French Muttonchops" one side is potato mud and muttonchops sits next to it another side is allocation of cooking beans and plus a few tablets of tomato Color is on clear but the tastes of the various materials are separated not to reconcile and the entire flavor is also simple and clearPart III Chinese diet is a sense of beauty diet31 This dish is "delicious"When people sample dishes they often say this dish is "delicious" and that dish is "not delicious"But if you ask what is meant by "delicious" why "tasty" and what are the aspects of "delicious" I am afraid that it will be difficult to answer This shows that which Chinese people hanker on a diet is just the mood that is difficult for one to say anything Even using the "color flavor shape and implement "which people often said to make the" realm "reification I am afraid it is still difficult to crown allIt contains a wealth of dialectics of Chinese philosophy and all these depend on the degree of the wonderful flavor and harmony of dish The ever-changing within degrees decides the changeable of Chinese food and it also decides the characteristics of Chinese food as well as the characteristics on each of thechefs32 Difference in targets all diet cannot be done without vegetablesThe word "dish" is for the sound in China and it always has something to do with the plants According to a survey of western plants scholar there are 600 varieties of vegetables six times more than in the west In fact the Chinese dishes vegetable dish is usual food Meat dish entered the normal diet only on holidays or higher living standards so since ancient times and there was a saying of "fresh vegetables" Mandarin language "Common people eat fresh vegetables fish only offered in the worship" It is said that fresh vegetables are mainly to the civilian in general only being able to eat meat only in worship Vegetarian diet takes the dominant position in the normal structure Chinese people consider the vegetables as the main dish it hasinextricably linked with the advocacy of Buddhists They deem animals as "people" and plants have "no soul" So they advocate vegetarianismPart IV Westerners do not seem to have such a good habitThey up hold a cultural origin of nomadic seafaring nation Living mainly by fishing and hunting collection and planting are just the complement There are more meat dishes in their lives41 There are more meat dishes in western livesFeeding clothing and using are taken from the animals and even Western medicine is derived from animals When the westerners introduce the diet characteristics of their countries they always feel that their diet is more reasonable on the mix of nutrition than China The food industry is more developed such as cans fast food although the taste is monotonous but it saves time and it also has good nutrition Therefore in their countries people are generally healthier and taller than Chinese and the people have strong shoulders and developed muscles but Chinese people look short their shoulders narrow and legs thin their skin yellow and their body weak The differences between Chinese and western food for Westerners to judge the merits of the two diet is not justified Mr Sun Yat-sen had profound study of the culture of food and incisive exposition In his composing The Scheme for National Reconstruction detailing the differences between Chinese and Western diet phenomenon he concludes "Chinese ordinary people drink green tea and eat simple food such as vegetables and tofu for meal Such kinds of food are the most healthy and beneficial according to the research of hygienistTherefore the remote people in china whose diet are far from meat and wine always live a long life Also China has a big population and Chinese people have enormous power to resist disease but they never try the non-diet He added" The Chinese vegetarians all eat tofu Tofu is expected as the real meat in plants as it has the nutrition that meat has It is the meat without toxic materials So the Chinese are vegetarian used to be a custom without the promotion of scholars It is also a custom that the European and American drink thick Wine eat meat and fish So there was science promotion before and a severe law later such as the United States Prohibition And the transfer will not carry out in a short time"Mr Suns words tell out the scientific benefits of Chinese diet and disadvantages of Western diet According to the characteristics of the significant differences between Chinese and Western diet targets the Chinese character is called the plant character while the Westerners is animal characterPart V the cultural behaviors51 The difference cultural behaviors in western and ChineseWesterners love adventure exploration conflict but the Chinese people only like to live banallyAccording to American expert on folklore Ruths opinions on the "cultural pattern" theory Chinese culture is quite similar to the classical world Apollo-type character and Westerners is similar to the modern world Faust-type Indeed the Westerners such as Americans in the development of the west they put the whole family on the truck and go out of the city in amid rumbling with the supplies The Chinese people are always thinking about "home" and "roots" despite thepromotion that young people should take the world as home But after a few decades the overseas Chinese will come back to the mainland with crutch to seek their roots This concept of return and such human spirit that can only be said to cooperate with the accumulation in the diet Then it brings cohesiveness to the Chinese nation and then makes the human folk full of energy Differences in Dietary Patterns The Chinese and Western dietary patterns can be very different and these differences affect the national character In China a celebration no matter what there will be only one form as sitting together sharing one feast Banquet uses round table which has created a unity of form which is courtesy comity atmosphere People toast each other and share the vegetables which reflect the mutual respect between people in the face of the good things also show the virtues of comity Although from the health point of view this approach has obvious deficiencies but it is in our national "happy" mentality it reflects the classical Chinese philosophy area of "and" impact for future generations It is helpful to facilitate the collective emotional exchanges and consequently difficult to reformThe western-style banquets although the food and wine are very important but in fact they are just foil The core of Banquet is friendship by the conversation with the guests who sitting next to achieve the purpose of recreation If making an analogous compare between the recreation of the banquets and dancing it may be said that the Chinese banquet is like group dance and the western banquet is like men and women dancing This shows that communication purpose of Chinese banquet and western banquet are very obvious The more obvious differences between Chinese and westerndietary patterns is buffet dinner which is popular in the West This method is to display all food and everybody is picking not fixed in his or her places to eat They walk freely This approach would provide the emotional interaction between individuals they never need to put every word on the table This also shows a western personality and self-respect However all the eating without jamming lacks the real affective tone like the Chinese people Some people want to put the buffet in the Chinese food but I think it is not feasible Zhang Qijun in the Principles of Cooking tells us the main reason "First buffet is not like drinking tea it it is cold yet Chinese cuisine will serve hot if cold nothing to eat Secondly buffet dishes only can do hard dishes and beneficial dishes Then you can access for large plots And those most representative of the Chinese culinary arts such as the tender and lighter dishes are not in this show Third the buffet can do stewing pot it means a big pot in terms of food Any sophisticated cooking of a dish can only be cooked in a pot at two most and it is not able to cook the dish for dozens of people So it will not be delicious never talking of the tasteUnder such circumstances it is clear that the use of buffet dinner will deny Chinese culinary arts "The Chinese people are drinking around the table to show harmony and unity but the buffet has broken such pattern52 diffrence in Diet Attribution There are differences between Chinese and western diet attributionWestern diet tends to be scientific and rational but the Chinese diet tends to be art and sentimental During the underdevelopment era of diet these two trends have only one aim – to live and never be hungry53 Differences in Dietary PatternsThe Chinese and Western dietary patterns can be very different and these differences affect the national character In China a celebration no matter what there will be only one form as sitting together sharing one feast Banquet uses round table which has created a unity of form which is courtesy comity atmosphere It is the objects for people to appreciate and taste and it is also an intermediate of communication Although from the health point of view this approach has obvious deficiencies but it is in our national "happy" mentality it reflects the classical Chinese philosophy area of "and" impact for future generations It is helpful to facilitate the collective emotional exchanges and consequently difficult to reform The western-style banquets although the food and wine are very important but in fact they are just foil The core of Banquet is friendship by the conversation with the guests who sitting next to achieve the purpose of recreation This shows that communication purpose of Chinese banquet and western banquet are very obvious Only the Chinese banquet is more popular in the communion but western banquet shows guests reflected in the friendship between neighbors The more obvious differences between Chinese and western dietary patterns is buffet dinner which is popular in the West This method is to display all food and everybody is picking not fixed in his or her places to eat They walk freely This approach would provide the emotional interaction between individuals they never need to put every word on the table This also shows a western personality and self-respectPartVI ConclusionHowever all the eating without jamming lacks the real affective tone like the Chinese people People want to put the buffet in the Chinese food but I think it is not feasible Zhang Qijun in the Principles of Cooking tells us the main reason "First buffet is not like drinking tea In the course of development it absorbs a lot of different cultures Moreover now China does more efforts to draw all the outstanding achievements in the World Chinas reform and opening up policy create the conditions on international relations and cultural exchanges We need to use such an opportunity to absorb the excellent cultures from other countries to develop and create Chinas new cultureReferences1 安静解读美国[M] 北京中国旅游出版社20072 陈洁得心应手---西餐礼仪[M]北京世界知识出版社20053 金炳镐民族理论通论[M]北京中央民族大学出版社1994 4 刘枋吃的艺术[M]山东山东画报出版社20035 刘玫君陈加真出国点菜不求人---别人不会告诉你的旅行智慧[M]北京中国旅游出版社20056 马文哈里斯美好吃食物与文化之迷[M]山东山东画报出版社20017 com巴黎一席浮动的豪宴[M]北京com书店20048 唐鲁孙天下味[M]桂林广西师范大学出版社20049 王晓昕李学友传统文化与道德建设[M]贵阳贵州民族出版社2004 10 萧家成升华的魅力---中华民族酒文化[M]北京华龄出版社2007 11 徐先玲李祖状西方饮食文化[M]北京中国戏剧出版社200512 向世陵中国哲学智慧[M]北京中国人民大学出版社200013 殷珍泉礼仪有学问[M]北京北京台海出版社2002 14 张茗阳食物改变你的一生[M]上海学林出版社2003 15 张志伟欧阳谦西方哲学智慧[M]北京中国人民大学出版社2000 16 张起钧烹饪原理[M]北京中国轻工业出版社2000。
中西饮食文化差异英语作文
中西饮食文化差异英语作文In the vast landscape of global culinary traditions, the Chinese and Western food cultures stand as two distinct pillars, each with its own unique characteristics and practices. This essay aims to explore the differences between these two culinary worlds, from their dining etiquette totheir approach to flavors and ingredients.Dining EtiquetteOne of the most noticeable differences lies in the dining etiquette. In Western culture, meals are often served individually, and it is common practice to use a knife and fork, with the fork always held in the left hand and theknife in the right. In contrast, Chinese dining is typicallya communal affair, with dishes shared in the middle of the table. Chopsticks are the primary eating utensils, and it is customary to serve food to others as a sign of respect.Approach to FlavorsThe approach to flavors is another area where the twocultures diverge. Western cuisine tends to emphasize abalance of flavors, with a focus on individual ingredientsand their distinct tastes. Chinese cuisine, on the other hand, is known for its complex flavor profiles, often combining sweet, sour, bitter, and spicy elements in a single dish to create a harmonious blend.Use of IngredientsThe use of ingredients also varies significantly. Western cooking often relies on a variety of dairy products, meats, and vegetables, with a preference for simplicity and minimalism in the number of ingredients used in a dish. Chinese cooking, however, is characterized by a vast array of ingredients, including a wide range of spices and condiments that are used to enhance the flavors of the food.Cooking TechniquesWhen it comes to cooking techniques, Western cuisine often involves methods such as baking, frying, and roasting, with an emphasis on achieving a certain level of doneness in the meat or vegetables. Chinese cooking techniques are diverse and include stir-frying, steaming, and deep-frying, with a focus on preserving the natural flavors and nutritional value of the ingredients.Meal StructureThe structure of meals is different as well. A typical Western meal consists of an appetizer, a main course, and a dessert, often accompanied by a beverage such as wine or water. Chinese meals are more likely to be a collection of dishes served simultaneously, with rice or noodles as a staple, and soup is a common accompaniment.ConclusionIn conclusion, the differences between Chinese and Westernfood cultures are as rich and varied as the dishes themselves. From the communal dining experience in China to the individualistic approach in the West, from the complexflavors of Chinese cuisine to the simpler, more balanced flavors of Western dishes, each culture offers a unique perspective on the art of cooking and the joy of eating. Understanding these differences not only enriches ourculinary experiences but also promotes cultural appreciation and understanding.。
中西方饮食文化差异(中英对照)
Differences between Chinese and Western diet cultureCan you imagine the difference between the Western diet culture and the Chinese diet culture？First of all, I will introduce the general characteristics of Western diet culture.Western diet historyItaly cuisine is the originator of the Western diet culture, French cuisine is the Western diet culture king, American food is the Western diet culture upstart.Western food making skillsIn the production of the Western diet, they love the pursuit of perfection, but also attach importance to cooperation with a delicacy.Western diet varietiesThe famous dishes are Italy, French, American, German, Russian, etc. famous drinks include wine, coffee and black tea.Do you know,why there are so many differences between Chinese and Western diet culture?just like the menu,western diet is very tidy and serious,but the Chinese is multifarious.Now, you have known the difference of the menu,but do you know why diet has a strong regional character?Actually, western diet due to geographical characteristics, environment, customs, appears in cooking methods of differencesin eating habits. People in western countries like to eat pizza, while Chinese people like to eat dumplings.Differences between Chinese and Western culture makes a difference of Chinese and Western food culture.事实上，西方饮食由于地域特色、环境、风俗习惯，出现烹调方法不同程度的差异。
中西饮食差异三点英语作文
中西饮食差异的三点探讨The differences between Chinese and Western cuisines are vast and diverse, reflecting the unique cultural, historical, and geographical backgrounds of each. In this essay, we will explore three significant aspects of these differences: the approach to meal preparation, the emphasis on taste versus nutrition, and the social significance of dining.Firstly, the approach to meal preparation in China and the West differs significantly. Chinese cuisine is knownfor its intricate cooking techniques and the use of various seasonings and condiments. The preparation of Chinese dishes often involves a complex process of slicing, dicing, and marinating, followed by a meticulous combination of cooking methods such as steaming, stir-frying, and deep-frying. This attention to detail and the use of diverse cooking techniques aim to preserve the original flavors and textures of ingredients while enhancing their taste and nutritional value.On the other hand, Western cuisine tends to emphasize simplicity and directness in meal preparation. Westerndishes often rely on a few basic ingredients and cooking methods, such as roasting, baking, and grilling. The focusis on allowing the natural flavors of the ingredients to shine through, rather than hiding them under layers of seasonings and sauces.Secondly, Chinese and Western cuisines differ in their emphasis on taste versus nutrition. Chinese cuisine placesa strong emphasis on both taste and nutrition, aiming to create dishes that are both delicious and healthy. Chinese chefs often use a variety of techniques and ingredients to balance the five tastes of sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami, while also considering the nutritional value of each ingredient. This approach to cuisine reflects the Chinese belief that food should nourish the body and promote health. In contrast, Western cuisine has traditionally placed a greater emphasis on taste than nutrition. Western dishes often feature rich, flavorful ingredients and sauces, which can sometimes be high in fat, sugar, and salt. However, in recent years, there has been a growing trend towards healthier eating in the West, with more people paying attention to the nutritional content of their meals.Lastly, the social significance of dining differs between Chinese and Western cultures. In China, dining is often a social event that involves the whole family or a group of friends. Mealtimes are a time for gathering, sharing stories, and bonding with loved ones. The preparation of dishes and the arrangement of the table are also important aspects of Chinese dining culture, as they reflect the host's respect and care for their guests.In the West, dining is also a social activity, but it tends to be more formal and occasion-oriented. Westerners often associate dining with special occasions such as birthdays, anniversaries, and holidays. Mealtimes are also a time for conversation and social interaction, but the focus is often less on the preparation of dishes and more on the quality of the food and the dining experience.In conclusion, the differences between Chinese and Western cuisines are numerous and diverse, reflecting the unique cultural, historical, and geographical backgrounds of each. From the intricate cooking techniques of Chinese cuisine to the simplicity of Western meal preparation, from the balance of taste and nutrition in Chinese dishes to theemphasis on taste in Western cuisine, and from the social significance of dining in China to its more formal nature in the West, these differences offer a fascinating glimpse into the rich and diverse cultures of the two regions.。
中西饮食文化差异英语作文
中西饮食文化差异英语作文In the vast landscape of global culinary traditions, the Chinese and Western food cultures stand as two distinct pillars, each with its own unique characteristics and practices. This essay aims to explore the differences between these two culinary worlds, from their dining etiquette totheir approach to flavors and ingredients.Dining EtiquetteOne of the most noticeable differences lies in the dining etiquette. In Western culture, meals are often served individually, and it is common practice to use a knife and fork, with the fork always held in the left hand and theknife in the right. In contrast, Chinese dining is typicallya communal affair, with dishes shared in the middle of the table. Chopsticks are the primary eating utensils, and it is customary to serve food to others as a sign of respect.Approach to FlavorsThe approach to flavors is another area where the twocultures diverge. Western cuisine tends to emphasize abalance of flavors, with a focus on individual ingredientsand their distinct tastes. Chinese cuisine, on the other hand, is known for its complex flavor profiles, often combining sweet, sour, bitter, and spicy elements in a single dish to create a harmonious blend.Use of IngredientsThe use of ingredients also varies significantly. Western cooking often relies on a variety of dairy products, meats, and vegetables, with a preference for simplicity and minimalism in the number of ingredients used in a dish. Chinese cooking, however, is characterized by a vast array of ingredients, including a wide range of spices and condiments that are used to enhance the flavors of the food.Cooking TechniquesWhen it comes to cooking techniques, Western cuisine often involves methods such as baking, frying, and roasting, with an emphasis on achieving a certain level of doneness in the meat or vegetables. Chinese cooking techniques are diverse and include stir-frying, steaming, and deep-frying, with a focus on preserving the natural flavors and nutritional value of the ingredients.Meal StructureThe structure of meals is different as well. A typical Western meal consists of an appetizer, a main course, and a dessert, often accompanied by a beverage such as wine or water. Chinese meals are more likely to be a collection of dishes served simultaneously, with rice or noodles as a staple, and soup is a common accompaniment.ConclusionIn conclusion, the differences between Chinese and Westernfood cultures are as rich and varied as the dishes themselves. From the communal dining experience in China to the individualistic approach in the West, from the complexflavors of Chinese cuisine to the simpler, more balanced flavors of Western dishes, each culture offers a unique perspective on the art of cooking and the joy of eating. Understanding these differences not only enriches ourculinary experiences but also promotes cultural appreciation and understanding.。
中西饮食文化差异英语作文
中西饮食文化差异英语作文In the vast landscape of global culinary traditions, the Chinese and Western food cultures stand as two distinct pillars, each with its own unique characteristics and practices. This essay aims to explore the differences between these two culinary worlds, from their dining etiquette totheir approach to flavors and ingredients.Dining EtiquetteOne of the most noticeable differences lies in the dining etiquette. In Western culture, meals are often served individually, and it is common practice to use a knife and fork, with the fork always held in the left hand and theknife in the right. In contrast, Chinese dining is typicallya communal affair, with dishes shared in the middle of the table. Chopsticks are the primary eating utensils, and it is customary to serve food to others as a sign of respect.Approach to FlavorsThe approach to flavors is another area where the twocultures diverge. Western cuisine tends to emphasize abalance of flavors, with a focus on individual ingredientsand their distinct tastes. Chinese cuisine, on the other hand, is known for its complex flavor profiles, often combining sweet, sour, bitter, and spicy elements in a single dish to create a harmonious blend.Use of IngredientsThe use of ingredients also varies significantly. Western cooking often relies on a variety of dairy products, meats, and vegetables, with a preference for simplicity and minimalism in the number of ingredients used in a dish. Chinese cooking, however, is characterized by a vast array of ingredients, including a wide range of spices and condiments that are used to enhance the flavors of the food.Cooking TechniquesWhen it comes to cooking techniques, Western cuisine often involves methods such as baking, frying, and roasting, with an emphasis on achieving a certain level of doneness in the meat or vegetables. Chinese cooking techniques are diverse and include stir-frying, steaming, and deep-frying, with a focus on preserving the natural flavors and nutritional value of the ingredients.Meal StructureThe structure of meals is different as well. A typical Western meal consists of an appetizer, a main course, and a dessert, often accompanied by a beverage such as wine or water. Chinese meals are more likely to be a collection of dishes served simultaneously, with rice or noodles as a staple, and soup is a common accompaniment.ConclusionIn conclusion, the differences between Chinese and Westernfood cultures are as rich and varied as the dishes themselves. From the communal dining experience in China to the individualistic approach in the West, from the complexflavors of Chinese cuisine to the simpler, more balanced flavors of Western dishes, each culture offers a unique perspective on the art of cooking and the joy of eating. Understanding these differences not only enriches ourculinary experiences but also promotes cultural appreciation and understanding.。
中西饮食文化差异英语作文
中西饮食文化差异英语作文In the vast landscape of global culinary traditions, the Chinese and Western food cultures stand as two distinct pillars, each with its own unique characteristics and practices. This essay aims to explore the differences between these two culinary worlds, from their dining etiquette totheir approach to flavors and ingredients.Dining EtiquetteOne of the most noticeable differences lies in the dining etiquette. In Western culture, meals are often served individually, and it is common practice to use a knife and fork, with the fork always held in the left hand and theknife in the right. In contrast, Chinese dining is typicallya communal affair, with dishes shared in the middle of the table. Chopsticks are the primary eating utensils, and it is customary to serve food to others as a sign of respect.Approach to FlavorsThe approach to flavors is another area where the twocultures diverge. Western cuisine tends to emphasize abalance of flavors, with a focus on individual ingredientsand their distinct tastes. Chinese cuisine, on the other hand, is known for its complex flavor profiles, often combining sweet, sour, bitter, and spicy elements in a single dish to create a harmonious blend.Use of IngredientsThe use of ingredients also varies significantly. Western cooking often relies on a variety of dairy products, meats, and vegetables, with a preference for simplicity and minimalism in the number of ingredients used in a dish. Chinese cooking, however, is characterized by a vast array of ingredients, including a wide range of spices and condiments that are used to enhance the flavors of the food.Cooking TechniquesWhen it comes to cooking techniques, Western cuisine often involves methods such as baking, frying, and roasting, with an emphasis on achieving a certain level of doneness in the meat or vegetables. Chinese cooking techniques are diverse and include stir-frying, steaming, and deep-frying, with a focus on preserving the natural flavors and nutritional value of the ingredients.Meal StructureThe structure of meals is different as well. A typical Western meal consists of an appetizer, a main course, and a dessert, often accompanied by a beverage such as wine or water. Chinese meals are more likely to be a collection of dishes served simultaneously, with rice or noodles as a staple, and soup is a common accompaniment.ConclusionIn conclusion, the differences between Chinese and Westernfood cultures are as rich and varied as the dishes themselves. From the communal dining experience in China to the individualistic approach in the West, from the complexflavors of Chinese cuisine to the simpler, more balanced flavors of Western dishes, each culture offers a unique perspective on the art of cooking and the joy of eating. Understanding these differences not only enriches ourculinary experiences but also promotes cultural appreciation and understanding.。
英语论文中西方饮食文化差异之欧阳主创编
中西方饮食文化差异姓名：系别：专业：学号：指导教师：2012年5月The Differences of Dietary CulturesBetween China and the WestShangqiuNormalUniversityMay 2012摘要饮食是人们生存的根本，中西方都不例外。
饮食文化是民族文化的重要组成部分。
随着21世纪全球化进程，跨文化交际日益频繁，其中饮食文化成了东西方文化交流的最基本内容。
但是由于长期以来形成的生活环境、风俗习惯、价值观念的不同，中西方形成了各自不同的饮食文化。
由于饮食文化的不同，中西方人在交流的过程中有时会产生一些误解。
本文主要从中西方饮食观念、烹饪取材、饮食结构、烹饪方式以及上菜顺序等方面来论述中西方饮食文化差异，以促进中西方文化交际的顺利进行。
关键词：饮食；饮食文化；差异AbstractDiet is the base of living, with no exception in China or the West. Dietary culture is an important part of the national culture. With the entrance of the 21st century, cross-cultural communication has become more and more frequent, among which dietary culture has been the most basic content. However, because of the differences in living environments, customs and value concepts China and the West have formed their own different dietary cultures. As a result, there appears some misunderstandings sometimes between Chinese and the Westerners in their communication. This paper will analyze the differences of dietary cultures between China and the West from dietary concepts, raw materials, dietary structures, cooking patterns and the order of serving dishes so as to facilitate the efficient communication betweenChinese and Westerners.Key words: diet；dietary culture; differenceContents摘要 (I)Abstract (II)Contents (III)1Introduction (1)2The Differences of Dietary Cultures Between China and the West (1)2.1Differences in Dietary Concepts (1)2.2Differences in the Use of Raw Materials (3)2.3Differences in Dietary Structures (4)2.4Differences in Cooking Patterns (5)2.5Differences in the Order of Serving Dishes (6)3Conclusion (7)References (8)11IntroductionWith the entrance of the 21st century cross-cultural communication has been a more and more popular activity even among common people. However, because of the differences of areas, environments and customs, differentnations have formed their specific cultures. Among the four aspects of clothing, eating, housing and behaving, Chinese people have got closer and closer to the Westerners in other three aspects except in eating. It is only in the aspect of eating that Chinese people have the biggest difference from the Westerners. Dietary culture is an important component of the national cultures. It also plays an essential role in non-verbal cultures in cross-cultural communication. China has a long and rich history on its dietary culture. In China almost everything is closely related to eating. While, Western dietary culture is not as developed as that of China and Western countries are not that particular about cooking as China. Knowing the differences of dietary cultures between China and the West is good for English learners to have more complete understanding of both eastern and western cultures and it also increases the chance of success in cross-cultural communication, and helps people avoid unnecessary misunderstandings.12The Differences of Dietary Cultures Between China and the WestThe different national cultures in China and the West contribute to the differences of dietary cultures between them. These differences come from the different thinking methods, environments, customs and so on between China and the West.1.12.1Differences in Dietary ConceptsAs a Chinese saying goes, Min yi shi wei tian (The masses regard sufficient food as their heaven). It shows the importance of eating in the mind of Chinese people. Chinese people take a good meal as a pursuit of art of beauty. This even can be seen from TV programs. In the cartoon Zhonghua Xiaodangjia (A Little Chinese Chef), which was very popular in China about ten years ago, Xiaodangjia treats good meals as his long life pursuit. From this cartoon people can feel the profound dietary culture in China and get to know various kinds of food in China.Now people can watch programs such as Everyday Cate about cooking on TV everyday. Chinese people are particularly interested in eating. The pursuit of enjoyment in food has almost reached to a height that can not be higher.People try their best to perfect a dish not only from color but also from incense, taste and shape. It means that in the eyes of Chinese people, a dish should look beautiful, smell good and taste delicious. Beauty appearance is a pursuit of beauty from a visual aspect and it contributes to a mental enjoyment. Chinese have high demand of the appearance of a dinner. They not only stress the beauty of the food but also the beauty of the environment and the tableware. Various kinds of beauty are reconciled in a well-prepared dinner. The chefs match the colors of food carefully, such as the collocation of the main colors and the sub-colors, and the collocation of warm colors and cold colors. This makes the dinner look colorful and stimulates people’s appetite. At the same time many raw materials are engraved into the shapes of flower, bird,mountain and human which are extremely beautiful. In addition, the dietary environment is sometimes full of a kind of elegant and attractive city ambiance sometimes brim with a quiet and beautiful rural atmosphere .For example, the Mexican Restaurant in Beijing Exhibition Center is a building with a Russian style. The TengGeLiLa Cafeteria looks like a big Mongolian yurt. (Xu 2005, 68) Besides, the tableware in these restaurants also looks perfect. The size of the table ware matches with the amount of food, the pattern matches with the shape of the food, and the color of the tableware matches with that of the food. (Li 2011, 25) The appearance of a dinner is very important but Chinese people regard taste as the most important. Therefore, it is no wonder that Chinese people are very interested in the taste of a dish. They try to reconcile the flavor of every ingredient to get an attractive taste. (Zhao 2003, 105)While the Westerners pay much less attention to eating compared with Chinese people. Lin Yutang, a famous Chinese writer, accepted a strict education on Chineseand Western cultures. He had an incisive discourse on the way how westerners treat food. According to him Englishmen do not treat diet as an important thing; on the contrary they regard it as a tiny business. There used to be no cuisine in their vocabulary but cooking. They had no proper word to name the chefs but only call them cooks. They originally had no word to name a gourmet; therefore, they used greedy gut to take its place. Westerners pay little attention to the form and taste of a dish but focus much more on nutrition. They pay much attention to the amount of protein, fat, heat, and vitamin. They analyze whether the dish has an appropriate collocation of nutrition, whether the amount of calories is moderate, and whether the nutrition can be fully absorbed. (Lin 1998, 68) Westerners emphasize on the original flavor and nutrition of food. Therefore, they adopt fresh raw materials and try to keep their original nutrition and taste as much as possible when they cook them. Even though the dishes are bitter to eat they will eat them provided they contain lots of nutrition.1.22.2Differences in the Use of Raw MaterialsChinese people have a wide interest in eating so they use more kinds of raw materials in cooking compared with Westerners. There is a saying that things in the air except plane, things in the water except submarines and things with four legs except benches are all Chinese peopl e’s food. This saying is not totally in accordance with the reality but it is not far away from the truth. (Lu 2002, 96)There was a case of killing pandas in the 1980s in Sichuan province. When the policemen reached the home of the suspect, panda meat was being stewed in his pot and this pot of meat was perhaps the most expensive meat in the world. Chinese people not only eat those that fly in the air, swim in the water and those that run on the ground but also eat every part of them, from top to toe and from the outside to the inside. Even traditional Chinese medicinal materials can be severed on the dinner table with the name medicinal food, such as Stewed Black-boned Chicken with Chinese Herbs. (Yang 2004, 36)In the aspect of eating, Westerners lack the spirit of exploration. They treat every food they do not know cautiously. It was said that when tomatoes were first transferred from Arab to the West no one dared to eat them. Later a brave person risked his life to eat one and was still alive after a day and night. Then the westerners accepted tomatoes gradually. (Li 2009, 25) Westerners have a narrow range of food. What they favor the best is beef, chicken and fish. They even do not eat fish which lives in the river. Westerners seldom eat pork and they never eat abdominal organs which can be made into delicious food in China. The European Community made a clear stipulation more than ten years ago that no abdominal organs should be made into food for sale. However, French Fat Goose Liver is an exception because it is too delicious for the gourmets to refuse it. (Li 2003, 134)Westerners also do not eat animal skin because it is high in cholesterol. China exports frozen chicken but imports chickens feet at the same time. Chicken feet contain only bones except skin. The westerners do not eat them so they sell them toChinese in a low price. Chinese people give a beautiful name to chicken foot that is Fengzhua (phoenix foot). Song Meiling lived up to 103 years old and she loved chicken feet the best during her life-time. (Yang 2004, 36) 1.3 2.3Differences in Dietary StructuresChinese dietary culture is rooted in the agricultural economy. China has been a great agricultural country since the ancient. Chinese’s main food is mainly made of rice and wheat. Besides, millet, maize, kaoliang, potatoesand sweet potatoesalso occupy a proportion in their main food. Lots of food which made of flour such as steam buns, noodles, clay oven rolls, and fried bread stick; all kinds of porridge, pies and snacks contribute much to peopl e’s colorful life.(Xue 2001, 253) Chinese people do not eat meat everyday. Only when holiday comes or when people have a high level living condition do they eat some meat. According to Western investigators, the vegetables Chinese people eat are more than 600 kinds six times than those of the Westerners. (Guo 2010, 93)Westerners are developed from nomadic nations, therefore they have a developed animal husbandry. In their diet meat and dairy product are a requisite part and occupy a big proportion on table. They pay lots of attention to the ingestion of animal protein and fat. Dishes made of meat are always seen on their table. (Pang 2011, 268)Thus the Westerners are much stronger than Chinese people. Westerners seldom suffer from bone diseases. While Chinese people not only have short figures but also are easy to get bone diseases since they drink little milk. In China many of the old people turn to humpbacks and many suffer from osteoporosis. Accordingly, orthopedics departments are scattered everywhere in China.1.42.4Differences in Cooking PatternsThe difference in cooking patterns between China and the West is first shown in the use of knife. Chinese Cutting is the most famous in the world. There are more than ten kinds of Cutting in China such as dicing, slicing, mashing, mincing, grinding, filleting, shredding, and flattening androll cutting. (Jin 2003, 178) Chinese chefs also make beautiful engraves with the raw materials. The Westerners usually choose large pieces of raw materials in their cooking. Chicken and beef steaks that are as large as palms are very common to be seen in the Western countries. (Han 2011, 73)Second, the cooking methods between China and the west are very different. China has very rich kind of cooking methods, such as braising, quick boiling, scaling, stewing, gradual simmering, slow red cooking, steaming, decoction and so on, up to more than thirty kinds. (Ji 2011, 128) Besides, the dishes cooked with these methods are numerous. That is why Chinese feel it is very interesting to cook, while the Westerners emphasize too much on scientific diet and the collocation of nutrition. They cook according to scientific disciplines all the time, which is mechanized and monotonous, therefore without any joy. (Han 2011, 74)The third difference lies in the master of the cookingduration and the amount of ingredients. Chinese dishes are very particular about cooking duration. .A meal can neither be cooked too long to be over-cooked nor be cooked too short to still be raw. The master of the cooking duration lies on the experience of the chefs and has none definite standards. (Li 2009, 25) However, the Westerners have a strict control in their cooking. The preparation of the raw materials is accurate to one gram and the cooking duration is accurate to one second. Many westerners prepare all kinds of cooking tools in their kitchens, such as measuring cups, platform scales, thermometers, elapsed time clocks, not to say forks to separate the egg white and the egg yolk, and cramps to clamp different kinds of food. Some other tools whose names are difficult to call are also common in their kitchens. Stepping into their kitchens is just like entering into chemical laboratories. Chinese people like to be optional, therefore people can often read directions like this “with a little salt, some oil and moderate sugar” in Chinese cookbooks. (Lu 2002, 97) The fourth difference lies in the taste. Chinese dishesrequire the reconciliation of tastes. The character of each material is eliminated but the dish is splendid in the whole. With one kind of material the Chinese chefs can cook tens or even hundreds of dishes with different flavors. You may find the taste of fish in tofu, and can feel the flavor of meat in vegetables. The Westerners emphasize on distinction. The original taste of each material can be felt in each dish. In addition, Westerners often eat raw vegetables, not only tomatoes, cucumbers and lettuce but also cabbage, onions and broccoli. Not like Chinese, Westerners use fewer kinds of seasonings in their cooking. They seldom use fennels or wild pepper and they eat no monosodium glutamate, because they think it contains little nutrition and may produce side effects. (Zhang 2009, 75)1.52.5Differences in the Order of Serving DishesChinese and Western diet are also different in the order of serving dishes. Take a banquet for example. In a Chinese banquet cold dishes are the first served, next the hot dishes and the main course come with the following of soup, thenfollows the main food or desserts. Fruits often come the last. In a western banquet the serving order is different. The first course of Western dinner is appetizer. It is divided into cold dish and hot dish. Appetizers have specific flavors, mainly salty or sour. They are few in amount but high in qualities. Different from Chinese dinners, the second course of Western dinner is soup. Western soup can be divided into four kinds, clear soup, cream soup, vegetable soup and cool soup which can be divided into more kinds. The third course of a Western dinner is non-stable dish. It contains all kinds of fresh water fish and salt water fish, a variety of shellfish and mollusks. Usually, aquatic products, eggs, bread is called non-stable dish. The fourth course of Western dinner is the main course, which contains meat and bird species. They are served with different kind of sauces. The fifth course of Western dinner is dishes made of vegetables. Westerners often eat raw vegetables, so vegetables are often made into salad. But some vegetables are cooked such as cauliflowers, chips and boiled spinach. The six course of Western dinner is dessert, such as pudding,pancakes, ice cream, cheese and fruits. The last course contains beverage, coffee or tea. (Lin 2009, 90)23ConclusionChina and Western countries are very different in dietary cultures but both of them have their strengths. With the progress of globalization, Chinese cultures and Western cultures are reconciling gradually. Now lots of Western foods such as, hamburger and sandwich have entered into Chinese markets. Fast food restaurants like KFC and McDonald are common in every city of China. Chinese food has also entered Western countries. These two cultures are improving in the process of conflicting. Now most Chinese pay more attention to the nutrition of food and cooking methods are becoming more and more scientific. At the same time, Western countries begin to pay attention to the color, incense taste and shape of food, which get closer to Chinese food. Chinese and Western dietary cultures will develop in the continuouscommunication, and people all around the world will be able to enjoy more delicious and more nutritious food. ReferencesGu, Feifei. 2011. Zhongxi yinshi wenhua chayi [The differences between the Chinese and the Western dietary cultures]. Shangye Wenhua (10): 144-145 Guo, Qianqian. 2010. Zhongxifang yinshi wenhua duibi yanjiu [A study on the contrast of the Chinese and Western dietary cultures]. Shangpin yu Zhiliang (10): 94Han, Jingjuan. 2011. Zhongxifang yinshi wenhua chayi [The differences between the Chinese and the Western dietary cultures]. Yuwen Xuekan (4): 73-74 Jin, Huikang. 2003. Yinghan wenhua Lǚyou [A travel on the Chinese and English cultures].Guangzhou: Guangdong Lǚyou ChubansheJi, Xiaofeng. 2011. Qianxi zhongxifang yinshi wenhuachayi [An analysis of the differences between the Chinese and the Western dietary cultures]. Nongye yu Jishu (2): 127-129Jiang, Yan. 2007. Zhongxifang yinshi wenhua chayi yuanyi fenxi jiqi yanjiu yiyi [The cause of the dietary differences between China and the West and the significance of the study]. Hubei Jiaoyu Xueyuan Xuebao (4): 60-61Li, Changlei. 2000. Yingmei wenhua bolan [A scan of the American and English cultures]. Beijing: Shijie Tushu ChubansheLi, Haifang. 2009. Qianxi zhongxifang yinshi wenhua chayi [An analysis of the differences of the Chinese and Western dietary cultures]. Kua Shiji (4):25Lin, Meiyong. 2009. Qiantan zhongxifang yinshi wenhua chayi [A brief analyze of the dietary differences between China and the West]. Qingnian Wenxuejia(4):90Lin, Yutang. 1998. Shenghuo de yishu [The art of life].Beijing: Waiyu Jiaoxue yu Yanjiu ChubansheLu, Qiutian. 2002. Yiwei zhongguo dashi yanzhongde dongxifang siwei chayi [The different thinking patterns between China and the West in a Chinese ambassador's eyes]. Shanghai: Shanghai Xinhua ChubanshePang, Ying. 2011. Cong chengyin fangmian tanxi zhongxifang yinshi wenhua chayi [An analysis of the differences of the Chinese and Western dietary cultures from the causes]. Anhui Wenxue (2): 268-269 Xue, Maixi. 2001. Min Shi Juan [Human’s eating]. Taiyuan: Shanxi Renmin ChubansheXu, Wanbang. 2005. Zhongguo yinshi wenhuazhong de shenmei [The aesthetic in Chinese dietary culture].Neimenggu Daxue Yishu Xueyuan Xuebao (3):68-69 Yang, Xiaohong. 2004. Zhongxifang yinshi wenhua chayi [The differences of dietary cultures between China欧阳主创编 2021..02.17欧阳主创编 2021..02.17 and the West]. Dangdai L ǚyou(5):36Zhang, Yahong. 2009. Zhongxifang yishi wenhua chayiyiji canzhuo liyi de duibi [The comparision of the differencesof the Chinese and Western dietary cultures and the table manners]. Bianjiang Jingji yu Wenhua(4):74-75Zhao, Rongguang. 2003. Zhongguo yinshi wenhua gailun[An introduction of Chinese dietary cultures]. Beijing: Beijing Gaodeng Jiaoyu ChubanshePower by YOZOSOFT。
中英饮食文化差异(中英双语)
Cultural differences between Chinese and Western food中西方饮食文化的差异The ancients say: In the development of human society, the national diet also gradually formed its own unique culture. Different regions, different eating habits in different diet contributed to the different diet culture. The differences between Chinese culture and western diet culture created the difference, the difference between different from the way of thinking and philosophy. "Nature and humanity" to the Chinese and western "people-oriented". From the following five aspects are here to talk about the western diet culture differences..古人云：民以食为天。
在人类社会的发展中，各国的饮食也逐渐形成了自己独特的文化。
不同的地区有着不同的饮食习惯，不同的饮食习惯造就了不同的饮食文化。
中西文化之间的差异造就了中西饮食文化的差异，而这种差异来自中西方不同的思维方式和处世哲学。
中国人注重“天人合一”，西方人注重“以人为本”。
这里简要从下面五个方面谈谈中西方饮食文化的差异。
A, Chinese and western culture中西饮食文化(a) the Chinese diet culture中国的饮食文化China has a history of more than 5000 years, formed the canBad rich and profound Chinese culture. Chinese noteHeavy "unity". The Chinese diet with food, with things. IdeographicFeeling. The Chinese diet culture surprising, rewardHeart pleasing to the eye. This is pleasing to the eye, refers to the activities of the Chinese dietThe content and means to perfect and unified, caused by peopleThe aesthetic pleasure and mental enjoyment.中国有着五千多年的历史，形成了灿烂丰富、博大精深的饮食文化。
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The difference between Chinese
and western food culture
赵奇蕾 钟肖雨
冯婷
Contents
1
Different characteristics
2
Different concepts
3
Different habits
LOGO
1.Different characteristics ❖Chinese cuisine(烹饪艺
？
Glutinous（粘的） Rice Rolls with Sweet
Bean Flour 驴打滚
LOGO
Red burned lion head？ Stewed meatballs with brown sauce 红 烧狮子头
LOGO
Husband and wife’s lung slice？ Pork Lungs in Chili Sauce 夫妻 肺片
Lቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱGO
❖As dishes, things will not be mixed up.
❖Color is clear
❖Materials are separated,
❖Simple and clear.
LOGO
3.Different habits
❖ In China the dishes are placed on the table and everybody shares.
❖ “Mood”(感性）
❖ Medicated diet and Diet Therapy.
LOGO
West
❖Nutrition is most important.
❖They care about how many calories, vitamins and protein should be taken.
❖ In the West , everyone has their own plate of food.
LOGO
Western
using knives and forks
Chinese
using chopsticks
LOGO
When the guests come, Chinese will make a cup of tea. Tea can reduce blood cholesterol .
The eight Major cuisines of China
Cantonese cuisine
Jiangsu cuisine Zhejiang cuisine
Hunan cuisine
AnhuLi OcuGisOine
Ridiculous translation
Rolling donkey?
LOGO
West
❖ Animal protein and fat intake.
❖ Diet materials: beef, chicken, pork ,mutton， fish.
LOGO
2.Different concepts
Chinese
❖ Color, flavor, taste”(色香 味俱全）regardless of the nutrition.
术 ) has evolved into one of the great cuisines of the world.
❖Play an important role.
❖Eight major cuisines.
LOGO
Fujian cuisine
Shandong cuisine Sichuan cuisine
LOGO
On the contrary, in the west, people like drinking coffee, but it is possible to increase blood fat and stimulation to the heart .
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