高中英语语法——过去分词作状语(32张PPT)
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他们进来了，夫人和孩子们紧随其后。
3.Tom, horrified at what he had done, could say nothing. 汤姆由于对他做的事感到恐惧，一时说不出话来。
7. 现在分词、过去分词和不定式作状语的区别
1）现在分词作状语时，分词表示的动作与句子 主语之间构成主动关系。
2.Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks like a big garden. When it is seen from the top of the hill, the city looks…
Asked many times, he began to feel bored. After he was asked many times, he began to…
1.过去分词作时间状语
1. Seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate （精美的） shape.
When it is seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake（雪花） has a delicate shape.
3. Hit by the lack of fresh air, my head ached. Because I was hit by the lack of fresh air, my head ached.
4.Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. As I was exhausted, I slid into bed and ...
3)不定式作状语，一般表示目的。 To get a wonderful view of our city, we climbed
=The film star appeared and was surrounded by a group of fans.
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. _U_s_e_d(use) in this way, the word shouldn’t be taken as a verb. 2. _A_r_m__e_d_ (arm) with special guns, knives and brushes, two space walking astronauts practiced fixing the spacecraft. 3. Though __c_a_u_g_h_t (catch) in a traffic jam, we managed to arrive at the airport. 4. Susan is not easy to get along with. But once _____ (ggaainine)d, her friendship will last forever.
1.Judging by/from his accent, he must be from the south. 从他的口音判断，他一定是南方人。
2. I will agree to go provided/providing (that) my expenses are paid.
假如为我负担费用，我就同意去。
1. He will come if invited. = He will come if he is invited.
2. When asked about it, he could hardly hold back his feelings. = When he was asked about it, he could hardly hold back his feelings. 每当有人问及此事，他就难以控制自己的感情。
注意：可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等来强调过去分词所表示的动 作与主句谓语动词所表示动作的时间关系。
1. When it is heated, ice will be changed into water. When heated, ice will be changed into water.
to fight.
5. 表示方式或伴随
过去分词作方式状语或伴随状语时，相当于一 个并列分句，没有相应的从句可替换. 1.The old man entered the meeting room, supported by a young fellow. =The old man entered the meeting room and was supported by a young fellow.
3.Given good weather, our ship will reach Shanghai this evening.
假如天气好，我们的船将于今晚抵达上海。
4.“连词＋过去分词”作状语
过去分词有时可以与连词构成“连词＋过去分词” 结构作状语。实际上就是状语从句的省略现象。 这些连词有：when, once, if, unless, though, as if, although, even if, even though, than, as 等。
（ held high 是with 后宾语 her head 的补足语）
3.某些分词的固定结构不考虑与主语的一致关系.
有些分词已成为固定结构，在词性上已转化为 介词，使用时应按固定结构对待，不必考虑他 们与主语之间的关系。 常见的有以下几种： judging by/from… 根据……判断；由……断定 provided/providing (that)… 假如，倘若……； 在……条件下；除非 given… 倘若……；假定……
过去分词作状语 需要注意的几个
问题
1. 过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致 1. 当被问到为什么迟到时，她的脸涨得通红。
Asked why she was late, her face went re×d.
Asked why she was late, she went red in the
wk.baidu.com
4. 表示让步
表示让步，相当于although/though引导的让
步状语从句. 1.Laughed at by many people, he continued his study. Though he was laughed at by many people,
he continued his study. 2.Badly wounded, he continued to fight. Though he was badly wounded, he continued
1.Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled…
2.Well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company, called “Future Tours”, transported me safely into the future in a time capsule. Since his parents’ company was well-known for…
5.过去分词作状语时不表被动或完成意义的情况
有些过去分词已形容词化，来源于系表结构， 作状语时已看不出被动或完成意义。如: (be) lost in 沉湎于 (be) seated 坐 (be) born 出身于 (be) dressed in 穿着 (be) interested in 感兴趣 (be) tired of 厌烦 (be) worried about 担心
2. 表示原因
表示原因，相当于由as, since, 或because 引导的原因状语从句.
Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once. =As they were exhausted, the children fell… Caught in a heavy rain, he was wet to the skin. =Because he was caught in a heavy rain, he was…
Seeing from the top of the tower, we can get a wonderful view of our city.
2）过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作与句子 主语之间构成被动关系。
Seen from the top of the tower, our city looks more beautiful.
3. 表示条件
表示条件,相当于if, unless引导的条件状语 从句 Heated, water changes into steam. =If it is heated, water changes into steam. Given another chance, he will do better. =If he is given another chance, he will do better.
(1) The signal given, the bus started. 信号一发出，汽车就开动了。
（the signal 是 given 的逻辑主语，因此主句主语 the bus 就不是given 的逻辑主语。）
(2) She went by with her head held high . 她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。
2.She was in tears as if deeply moved by the moving film. =She was in tears as if she was deeply moved by the moving film.
The film star appeared, surrounded by a group of fans.
1. Dressed in white, the bride looks more beautiful.
穿着一身白色衣服，新娘看起来更漂亮
2. Tired of listening to music, she began to watch TV. 由于听累了音乐，他开始看电视。
3. Absorbed in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound.
过去分词作状 语的用法
过去分词作状语: 过去分词作状语修
饰谓语动词，可以表示_时__间__、_原__因_、 _条__件_、__让__步_、__行__为__方__式或___伴__随__情_等况， 在意义上相当于状语从句。
Find out sentences using V-pp as the adverbial in the text.
face.
√
2. 小偷如果被抓，会受到警方的惩罚。
If caught, the police will punish the thief. ×
If caught, the thief will be punished by the√
police.
2. 过去分词的独立主格结构
另外, 分词作状语时, 如果其逻辑主语与整个句子 的主语不一致时,需要独立主格结构或 with复合 结构来替代。
因为沉浸在思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。
6. 过去分词作状语时的位置
过去分词作状语，多放在句首；也可放在主句后 面，前面有逗号与主句隔开；有时插在句子中间。
1.Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent. 从山上看，这座城市非常壮观。
2.They came in, followed by their wives and children.
3.Tom, horrified at what he had done, could say nothing. 汤姆由于对他做的事感到恐惧，一时说不出话来。
7. 现在分词、过去分词和不定式作状语的区别
1）现在分词作状语时，分词表示的动作与句子 主语之间构成主动关系。
2.Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks like a big garden. When it is seen from the top of the hill, the city looks…
Asked many times, he began to feel bored. After he was asked many times, he began to…
1.过去分词作时间状语
1. Seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate （精美的） shape.
When it is seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake（雪花） has a delicate shape.
3. Hit by the lack of fresh air, my head ached. Because I was hit by the lack of fresh air, my head ached.
4.Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. As I was exhausted, I slid into bed and ...
3)不定式作状语，一般表示目的。 To get a wonderful view of our city, we climbed
=The film star appeared and was surrounded by a group of fans.
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. _U_s_e_d(use) in this way, the word shouldn’t be taken as a verb. 2. _A_r_m__e_d_ (arm) with special guns, knives and brushes, two space walking astronauts practiced fixing the spacecraft. 3. Though __c_a_u_g_h_t (catch) in a traffic jam, we managed to arrive at the airport. 4. Susan is not easy to get along with. But once _____ (ggaainine)d, her friendship will last forever.
1.Judging by/from his accent, he must be from the south. 从他的口音判断，他一定是南方人。
2. I will agree to go provided/providing (that) my expenses are paid.
假如为我负担费用，我就同意去。
1. He will come if invited. = He will come if he is invited.
2. When asked about it, he could hardly hold back his feelings. = When he was asked about it, he could hardly hold back his feelings. 每当有人问及此事，他就难以控制自己的感情。
注意：可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等来强调过去分词所表示的动 作与主句谓语动词所表示动作的时间关系。
1. When it is heated, ice will be changed into water. When heated, ice will be changed into water.
to fight.
5. 表示方式或伴随
过去分词作方式状语或伴随状语时，相当于一 个并列分句，没有相应的从句可替换. 1.The old man entered the meeting room, supported by a young fellow. =The old man entered the meeting room and was supported by a young fellow.
3.Given good weather, our ship will reach Shanghai this evening.
假如天气好，我们的船将于今晚抵达上海。
4.“连词＋过去分词”作状语
过去分词有时可以与连词构成“连词＋过去分词” 结构作状语。实际上就是状语从句的省略现象。 这些连词有：when, once, if, unless, though, as if, although, even if, even though, than, as 等。
（ held high 是with 后宾语 her head 的补足语）
3.某些分词的固定结构不考虑与主语的一致关系.
有些分词已成为固定结构，在词性上已转化为 介词，使用时应按固定结构对待，不必考虑他 们与主语之间的关系。 常见的有以下几种： judging by/from… 根据……判断；由……断定 provided/providing (that)… 假如，倘若……； 在……条件下；除非 given… 倘若……；假定……
过去分词作状语 需要注意的几个
问题
1. 过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致 1. 当被问到为什么迟到时，她的脸涨得通红。
Asked why she was late, her face went re×d.
Asked why she was late, she went red in the
wk.baidu.com
4. 表示让步
表示让步，相当于although/though引导的让
步状语从句. 1.Laughed at by many people, he continued his study. Though he was laughed at by many people,
he continued his study. 2.Badly wounded, he continued to fight. Though he was badly wounded, he continued
1.Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled…
2.Well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company, called “Future Tours”, transported me safely into the future in a time capsule. Since his parents’ company was well-known for…
5.过去分词作状语时不表被动或完成意义的情况
有些过去分词已形容词化，来源于系表结构， 作状语时已看不出被动或完成意义。如: (be) lost in 沉湎于 (be) seated 坐 (be) born 出身于 (be) dressed in 穿着 (be) interested in 感兴趣 (be) tired of 厌烦 (be) worried about 担心
2. 表示原因
表示原因，相当于由as, since, 或because 引导的原因状语从句.
Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once. =As they were exhausted, the children fell… Caught in a heavy rain, he was wet to the skin. =Because he was caught in a heavy rain, he was…
Seeing from the top of the tower, we can get a wonderful view of our city.
2）过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作与句子 主语之间构成被动关系。
Seen from the top of the tower, our city looks more beautiful.
3. 表示条件
表示条件,相当于if, unless引导的条件状语 从句 Heated, water changes into steam. =If it is heated, water changes into steam. Given another chance, he will do better. =If he is given another chance, he will do better.
(1) The signal given, the bus started. 信号一发出，汽车就开动了。
（the signal 是 given 的逻辑主语，因此主句主语 the bus 就不是given 的逻辑主语。）
(2) She went by with her head held high . 她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。
2.She was in tears as if deeply moved by the moving film. =She was in tears as if she was deeply moved by the moving film.
The film star appeared, surrounded by a group of fans.
1. Dressed in white, the bride looks more beautiful.
穿着一身白色衣服，新娘看起来更漂亮
2. Tired of listening to music, she began to watch TV. 由于听累了音乐，他开始看电视。
3. Absorbed in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound.
过去分词作状 语的用法
过去分词作状语: 过去分词作状语修
饰谓语动词，可以表示_时__间__、_原__因_、 _条__件_、__让__步_、__行__为__方__式或___伴__随__情_等况， 在意义上相当于状语从句。
Find out sentences using V-pp as the adverbial in the text.
face.
√
2. 小偷如果被抓，会受到警方的惩罚。
If caught, the police will punish the thief. ×
If caught, the thief will be punished by the√
police.
2. 过去分词的独立主格结构
另外, 分词作状语时, 如果其逻辑主语与整个句子 的主语不一致时,需要独立主格结构或 with复合 结构来替代。
因为沉浸在思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。
6. 过去分词作状语时的位置
过去分词作状语，多放在句首；也可放在主句后 面，前面有逗号与主句隔开；有时插在句子中间。
1.Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent. 从山上看，这座城市非常壮观。
2.They came in, followed by their wives and children.