2019年高中英语Module5Cloning单元小结教案含解析外研版选修62019082

Module 5 Cloning
单元小结
The most famous horror film Frankenstein is a sci­fi story. It describes a young scientist Frankenstein, an imaginary character, created a creature which is identical to a human being. However, the final result is incredible. The creature's black hair and white teeth contrasts horribly with his wrinkled yellow skin and black lips. It terrifies everyone who sees him. For Frankenstein, the nightmares began. When the monster got refused, he murdered Frankenstein's brother and his fiancee. The scientist chased the monster and wanted to kill him again and again. In the end, the monster threw himself on the ice in the Arctic and disappeared. In this film, Frankenstein created the creature using the technique —cloning.
Now the science of genetics and cloning is very popular. In 1996, the cloned animal — Dolly the sheep was born. The world treated it as a miracle. Since then, many animals have been cloned.
Some scientists are trying to clone humans, which is controversial.The contradictory opinions are as follows: Those for the idea of cloning humans think we can rely on the clone to resist or cure the diseases. Those against the idea think cloning will restrict the biodiversity of the breed. More problems arise. For example, how to deal with the relationship between the clone and the original?
Whether cloning will be beneficial or harmful to human beings is unknown. To avoid getting out of control, compulsory government regulations which control cloning will have to made.
最著名的恐怖电影《弗兰肯斯坦》是一个科幻故事。

它讲述了一个虚构的人物——年轻的科学家弗兰肯斯坦，创造了一个和人一样的生物的故事。

然而，最后的结果令人难以置信。

这个生物的黑色的头发、白色的牙与他布满皱纹的黄色皮肤以及黑色嘴唇形成了可怕的对比。

它吓坏了见过他的每个人。

对弗兰肯斯坦来说，噩梦开始了。

当这个怪物被拒绝时，他谋杀了弗兰肯斯坦的兄弟和未婚妻。

这位科学家追赶怪物，一次又一次地想杀害他。

最后，这个怪物扑倒在北极的冰上消失了。

在这部电影里，弗兰肯斯坦用克隆技术创造了这个生物。

现在遗传学和克隆很流行。

1996年，克隆羊多利诞生。

世人把它看作一个奇迹。

从那以后，许多动物就被克隆出来了。

一些科学家正试图克隆人类，这是有争议的。

对立的观点如下：那些支持克隆人类的人认为，我们可以依靠克隆体抵抗或治愈疾病。

那些反对的人认为，克隆将限制物种的多样性。

更多的问题出现了，比如，如何处理克隆体与原体的关系？
克隆对人类有益还是有害还不清楚。

为了避免失去控制，强制性的政府控制克隆的法规
将不得不制定出来。

加餐练(一) 完形阅读组合练
Ⅰ.完形填空
My Story
The long journey to clone my two beloved dogs began about fifteen years ago.
It was the year 2000 and my life was __1__. At 30 years old, I was poor. I spent all my money and I __2__ from my wife. It was at that very moment my two wonderful dogs Wolfie and Bubble cared for my __3__ heart. Until this day, I have no idea how I would have gone through those horrible times __4__ them.
I realized what my __5__ in life was. My happiness was __6__ related to my two dogs whom I considered my children.
I __7__ a simple 15­year plan. I would start a company, whose only __8__ was to make enough money __9__ I could pay to have them cloned when the time came.
I would start my own __10__ and save money. Work hard, save, and live __11__. Today I feel I have walked a million miles. I am very tired, __12__ have finally reached my goal.
In July of 2011, I found a dog cloning company Sooam Biotech Research Foundation in South Korea __13__ by the top cloning scientist and father of dog cloning —Dr. Hwang, who was the first scientist to successfully __14__ a dog. In fact, he was the one who cloned Snuppy — the world's first cloned __15__ that I had met in May 2009.
Dr. Hwang and his staff __16__ me with open arms. He told me that the Wolfie clones should not grow up __17__. He was going to clone Bubble __18__ and I was also relieved that the money would be enough.
Two healthy Wolfie clones were born on December 23rd, 2014, just three months from the time they __19__ Wolfie's cells. I have been so used to waiting that even until now I'll take out my phone and stare at the images of the clones just to make sure I don't __20__ at all. I'll have another chance to love them all over again.
C．terrifying D．boring
解析：选 B 根据第二段中的“I was poor” “I spent all my money”和“those
horrible times”可知“我”的生活很糟糕。

2．A.stopped B．separated
C．sheltered D．escaped
解析：选B “我”花光了所有的钱并且和妻子分居了。

separate“分居”，符合语境。

3．A.determined B．stubborn
C．soft D．broken
解析：选 D 根据上文作者对糟糕的生活和妻子的离开的描述可知，此处表示安慰“我”破碎的心。

4. A．without B．rather than
C．because of D．despite
解析：选A 直到现在“我”都不知道如果没有它们，“我”该如何度过那些可怕的日子。

without“无……相伴，没有”，符合语境。

5．A.ability B．strength
C．advantage D．preference
解析：选D 由下文“我”开公司、存钱去克隆狗可推知，这里指“我”意识到了“我”的生活偏爱是什么。

preference“偏爱”，此处是指对狗的偏爱。

6．A.blindly B．carefully
C．closely D．narrowly
解析：选C“我”的幸福与“我”的两只狗密切相关。

be closely related to ...“和……密切相关”。

closely“密切地”。

7．A.put up with B．kept up with
C．caught up with D．came up with
解析：选D “我”想出了一个简单的十五年计划。

put up with“忍受”； keep up with “(与……)并驾齐驱”；catch up with “赶上”；come up with“想出，制订出，提出”。

8．A.procedure B．job
C．purpose D．enjoyment
解析：选C 由语境及下一段中的“reached my goal”可知，此处说的是公司的目的是赚钱去克隆“我”的狗。

9．A.so that B．now that
C．in that D．such that
解析：选A 由语境可知空格后为“我”创办公司的目的，空格处引导目的状语从句，故应选so that，意为“以便，为了”。

10．A.shop B．center
C．company D．factory
解析：选C start my own company表示创办自己的公司。

上一段中提到的“start a company”是信息提示。

11．A.calmly B．simply
C．peacefully D．normally
解析：选B 为了攒钱，“我”努力工作，存钱并且生活节俭。

live simply“简朴地生活”。

simply“简朴地”。

12．A.and B．so
C．but D．or
解析：选C “我”非常疲倦，但是终于达到了“我”的目标。

前后分句之间是转折关系，故选but。

13．A.run B．followed
C．accompanied D．supported
解析：选 A “我”发现了由顶尖克隆科学家同时也是狗克隆之父经营的克隆公司。

run“经营，管理”；follow“跟随”；accomp any“陪伴”；support“支持”。

14．A.raise B．clone
C．adopt D．feed
解析：选B 根据上文中的“father of dog cloning”可知，黄博士是第一个成功克隆出狗的科学家。

15．A.sheep B．animal
C．human D．dog
解析：选D 此句中he指的是Dr. Hwang (黄禹锡)，他是顶尖克隆科学家同时也是克隆狗之父，因此他克隆的Snuppy就是世界上第一只被克隆出来的狗。

16．A.introduced B．refused
C．welcomed D．concerned
解析：选C 根据下文中的“with open arms”(张开双臂)可知，黄博士及其员工欢迎“我”。

welcome“(打招呼)欢迎(某人的到来)”。

17．A.alone B．quietly
C．ahead D．healthily
解析：选A 根据下文黄博士还要克隆Bubble可知，alone“单独，独自”，符合语境。

18．A.for safety B．for long
C．for free D．for sure
解析：选C 根据空格后的“and I was ... be enough”可知答案。

for free “免费地”，符合语境。

19．A.produced B．received
C．bought D．accepted
解析：选B 在他们得到(received) Wolfie的细胞三个月之后，两只克隆小狗诞生了。

20．A.resist B．like
C．think D．dream
解析：选 D “我”拿出手机看着克隆出的小狗的照片为的是确保自己不是在做梦(dream)。

Ⅱ.阅读理解
What is Cloning?
Which is the most famous sheep in the world? A sheep called Dolly. But why is Dolly famous? That is because unlike other sheep, Dolly was not born in the usual manner. This means that she is the twin sister of her mother and she does not have a father!
Scientists at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh, the UK, made history on July 5th 1996, when they successfully cloned a sheep.
Our bodies are made up of cells which have information to go about their work in the form of DNA. This is called the genetic code. Every organism gets half of this information from the father and the other half from the mother.
We all have grown from a single cell called the egg cell. It divides millions of times to give rise to the millions of cells which form our body.
And each cell has a copy of all the genetic information needed by the body. This means that each cell of our body has enough information to create other human beings like us. All we need is an egg cell.
In the process of cloning, the scientists take the DNA from an animal cell and implant it into an egg cell taken from another animal. Before they implant it, the DNA of the recipient (受方) cell is removed.
This is how Dolly's life began — from a single cell taken from the udder of her mother. The DNA in her mother's cell was removed and transferred into the egg cell of another sheep. Five months later, Dolly was born and then was a healthy lamb, a clone of her mother (from whom her DNA was taken) —and without a biological father.
It is technologically possible to clone humans as well. What if someone creates a clone of Hitler? As we have learnt from the story of the Jurassic Park, we might lose control over the situation after a point. Is there a disaster waiting to happen?
1．According to the passage, every one of us grows up from ________.
A．a gene B．a mother
C．an egg cell D．a genetic code
解析：选C 细节理解题。

根据第四段第一句“We all have grown from a single cell called the egg cell.”可知，我们都是由被叫作卵细胞的单细胞发育成长来的，故答案选C。

2．Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage?
A．Like us humans, Dolly got her DNA from her parents.
B．The DNA of Dolly's mother's cell was taken away.
C．It is implied in the passage that Dolly has one mother.
D．Dolly is famous because she was born in the laboratory.
解析：选B 细节理解题。

从第六段中的“Before they implant it, the DNA of the recipient (受方) cell is removed.”可知，在克隆过程中，接受者细胞中的DNA在植入卵细胞前已被移除。

3．In which sentence does the word “implant” have the same meaning as that in Paragraph 6 ?
A. The egg implants and becomes a foetus (胎儿)．
B．Two days later, they implanted the egg back inside her body.
C．They felt a woman had a right to choose to have a breast implant.
D．A deep sense of responsibility had been implanted in him by his father.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。

画线词implant在该语境下意为“将……植入”。

根据选项各句句意可知，画线词和B项句中implanted的意义相同。

4．What attitude does the author have towards cloning humans?
A．Anxious. B．Optimistic.
C．Uncertain. D．Objective.
解析：选A 推理判断题。

由最后一段作者提到克隆出希特勒的可能性和《侏罗纪公园》的故事可知，作者担心克隆人可能会让局势失去控制，因而选A。

加餐练(二) 主观题规范增分练
Ⅰ.语法填空
I made a visit to Australia a few weeks ago. I knew I couldn't leave the surf capital of the world __1__ experiencing it, so I booked a group surf lesson when I was in Byron Bay, __2__ is a really popular place for professional surfers to go and catch some waves!
We started off with a warm­up by doing some stretches and going for a jog along the beach, then we all __3__ (lie) down on our surfboards on the sand and practised __4__ (jump) up to the standing position. After a couple of practice, we were ready to go out into the sea and try it out on the water. I have to admit that surfing is much __5__ (hard) than it looks —when you watch people from the beach, you feel they are surfing so __6__ (easy)! I had a couple of failed __7__ (attempt) to stand up but then one of the __8__ (instruct) came to help me and held my board steady.
Finally I started to get the hang of it and by the end of the lesson I could manage __9__ (stand) up on the board by myself. It was __10__ an awesome feeling that I couldn't wait to try it again!
答案：1.without 2.which y 4.jumping 5.harder
6．easily 7.attempts 8.instructors 9.to stand 10.such
Ⅱ.短文改错
Nowadays, as the development of the Internet, there came a kind of language calling Web Language. Some people even speak Chinese mixed with English words. This is a phenomenon which is very worth think about. Some people think it kind of ridiculous. In their opinion, it make no sense in helping people communicate or learn English. Besides, it will ruin the Chinese language.
However, other, especially the youngsters, are fond this new language. They think it of special help in expressing them. In my opinion, it's not a good practice to use this kind of language. It may be is fashionable, but you may also get your ideas confused, leaving the other people at a loss to your meaning. Of course, the kind of Web Language sometimes may be very expressive.
答案：第一句：as→with; calling→called
第三句：very→well; think→thinking
第五句：make→makes
第七句：other→others; fond后加of
第八句：them→themselves
第十句：去掉is; confused→confusing
Ⅲ.书面表达
假定你是李华，最近你去听了一堂有关克隆技术的讲座。

请你写信告知你的笔友Tony 这场讲座的相关情况，主要内容包括：
1．你的收获；
2．你对克隆技术的看法和态度。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2．开关和署名已给出，不计入总词数；
3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Tony，
How are you doing？
Yours truly，
Li Hua 参考范文：
Dear Tony，
How are you doing? Recently I have attended a lecture on cloning given by Professor Zhang, who has been researching cloning technology for decades. Here I'd like to share something about the lecture with you.
Through this lecture, I have learned what the cloning technology is, and I have understood the significance of it if we can make the most of it. Although cloning can benefit people greatly, especially those suffering from incurable diseases, many countries disagree with human cloning. There are also relevant laws against human cloning.
As far as I'm concerned, we should take full advantage of the new technology to serve us, but I strongly object to illegal cloning activities. What' s your opinion?
Yours truly，
Li Hua。