2024届高考语法复习专项:限定词Determiner 课件
合集下载
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
法则4:名词以辅音开头前面使用a, 元音开头使用an
• We use a before a consonant sound and an before a vowel sound: • a banana, a university • an orange, an hour
二、限定词与名词的搭配关系
• We use the indefinite article, a/an, with singular nouns when
the listener/reader does not know exactly which one we are referring to: • Police are searching for a 14-year-old gril.
• I like bananas, oranges, apples - any fruit. = all kinds of fruit
• With a full licence you are allowed to drive any car. = all cars
e. We use another to talk about an additional person or thing. 我们用another来谈论另外的人或事。
an) (4)在bed, church, college, court, hospital, market, office, prison, sea,
school, table等名词前,如果带定冠词或不定冠词则表示该名词所 表示的处所;若不用冠词,则表示该处所的功能。 如: go to hospital去医院看;go to the hospital去医院(并不是去 看病,而是有其他目的) (5)类指的television和radio通常没有冠词,但是on/over/to the radio中,the不可省略,如listen to the radio, on the radio等;而 在television之前却又可以不用定冠词 watch(the)television, on(the)television.
Bell invents the telephone. 贝尔发明了电话。 The true, the good and the beautiful would not exist without the false, the evil and the ugly. 没有欺骗、邪恶、丑陋就没有真实、善良和美丽。 My brother John is planning to be a civil servant. 我的兄弟约翰打算成为一名公务员。 Cauliflowers are my favorite vegetable. 花菜是我最喜爱的蔬菜。
02冠词的习惯用法 (1)在世上独有的事物、方位、前文提到的事物、说话语境中明确的事物、
最高级以及序数词修饰的事物、山、河、湖、海、楼、塔、沙漠以及 各含有普通名词构成的专有名词等等,一般都要用定冠词。 The sun is bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大。
(2) 以下场合一般不用冠词:专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词前;节假 日、星期、月份、季节、疾病名称前;头衔前;球类运动前;泛指的 三餐前;by引导的交通工具前;某些独立结构的名词前;“普通名词 +as”引导的让步状语从句的普通名词前。
b. The general determiners are a/an, any, another, other, and no determiner.
We use a general determiner when we are talking about things in general and the listener/reader doesn't know exactly what we are referring to.
(2)特指 特指是特指一类人或物中的具体对象。这里有两种情况: • 一种是非常明确地指出何人或何物,这叫做“确定特指”(Definite Specific
Reference),定冠词常做这种用法; • 另一种情况是“非确定特指”(In definite Specific Reference),这也是特指具
三、限定词与限定词的搭配关系 01三类限定词
1. Specific and general determiners
a. The specific determiners are the, my, your, his, her, its, our, their, whose, this, that, these, those. We use a specific determiner when we believe the listener/reader knows exactly what we are referring to. 当我们使用上述特指限定词时,我们相信对方知道我们在说的事 物。 Can you pass me the salt, please? Look at those lovely flowers.
一、冠词 冠词(Article)是最典型的限定词,本身不能单独使用,也没有 词义,包括a, an, the三个词和an为不定冠词(Indefinite Article); 在不使用冠词的场合,称 为零冠词(Zero Article)。
01类指(Generic Reference)和特指(Specific Reference) (1)类指 类指是表示类别,也就是泛指一类人或物。不论是定冠词还是不定冠词和零冠词都具有这种
• Girls normally do better in school than boys.
• Health and education are very important.
d. We use the general determiner any with a singular noun or an uncount noun when we are talking about all of those people or things. 当我们谈论这些人或这些事时,我们将泛指限定词any与单数名词或不 可数名词连用。
things (this book, my sisiter)
一句话解释就是:限定词放在名词前,是帮助我们识别所 指事物属性的修饰词。
限定词(Determiner)是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指、类 指以及表示确定数量和非确定数量等限定作用的词类,主要包括 冠词(a, an, the)物主限定词(如my, her)、指示限定词(如 this, those, such)、不定限定词(如all, both, no)、疑问限定 词(如what, which, whose)、关系限定词(如whose)、名词 属格(如 Tom's, China’s)以及数词(如one, second)等。
功能。 ●定冠词与单数可数名词搭配,往往可起类指的作用,常用于正式语体; ●定冠词与某些形容词或分词连用,表示类别或抽象概念; ●不定冠词用于类指,往往表示“任一”“某一”“一个/种/样/杯”“每一个”,一般用于单数可数名
词前,偶尔用于某些物质名词、抽象名词前; ●用零冠词与复数可数名词或不可数名词搭配,同样可以表示一类的人或物。
当我们在谈论对方并不清楚的事物时,要用泛指限定词。
• A man came this morning and left a parcel.
• He was wearing a big coat and a cap.
c. We use no determiner with plural nouns and uncount nouns. 名词复数和不可数名词前可以不加限定词。
体对象,但不很明确,不定冠词常做这种用法,零冠词也能有非确定特指的 用法。
如:He ordered a book some time ago. The book has now arrived. 他不久前订购了一本书,那本书现已到达。(特指上文提到过的书。) The dog and the cat are the same ones we had last year. 这狗和猫是我们去年就养了的。(特指去年就饲养了的狗和猫。) I met an old man in the street. 我在路上遇到一个老人。(虽未道出姓名但所指仍为某一特定的老人。) There's a letter for you. 有一封信给你。(指一封特定的信件,但不明确是谁写来的。)
(6)疾病通常是不可数名词,前面不用冠词。但get a cold感冒和get a headache头痛一般要用冠词,have toothache“牙痛”却又不用冠 词。
(7)某些词有多种意思,视不同词义决定是否需要冠词。
法则1:当对方不知道我们指的是哪一个时,我们将不定冠词a/an与 单数名词连用
如: Unity is strength. 团结就是力量。 Thanksgiving Day falls on the 4th Thursday in November. 感恩节在每年11月的第4个星期四。 Child as he is, he can speak two foreign languages. 尽管他是个孩子,但会说两门外语。
限定词 Determiners
Determiners are words which come at the beginning of noun phrases. They tell us whether a noun phrase is specific or general. We use determiners to identify
法则2:我们还用它来表明这个人或事物是一个群体中的一员 • We also use it to show that the person or thing is one of a group:
• She is a pupil at London Road School. • Police have been looking for a 14-year-old girl who has been missing
since Friday. • Jenny Brown is a pupil at London Road School. She is 1.6 metres tall,
with short, blonde hair. When she left home, she was wearing a blue jacket, a blue and white blouse, dark blue jeans and blue shoes. • Anyone who has information should contact the local police on 0800 349 781.
法则3:不定冠词与复数名词或不可数名词不连用 • We do not use an indefinite article with plural nouns or uncount
nouns: • She was wearing blue shoes. (复数名词)
• She has short, blonde hair. (不可数名词)
(3)名词前有one, no, each, every, either, neither, some, any, this, that, these, those, which, 或所有格名 词或代词时,不可再用冠词。如:
• That's my watch. 那是我的表。(不可用my a) • Which apple would you like? 你要哪一个苹果?(不可用Which
• We use a before a consonant sound and an before a vowel sound: • a banana, a university • an orange, an hour
二、限定词与名词的搭配关系
• We use the indefinite article, a/an, with singular nouns when
the listener/reader does not know exactly which one we are referring to: • Police are searching for a 14-year-old gril.
• I like bananas, oranges, apples - any fruit. = all kinds of fruit
• With a full licence you are allowed to drive any car. = all cars
e. We use another to talk about an additional person or thing. 我们用another来谈论另外的人或事。
an) (4)在bed, church, college, court, hospital, market, office, prison, sea,
school, table等名词前,如果带定冠词或不定冠词则表示该名词所 表示的处所;若不用冠词,则表示该处所的功能。 如: go to hospital去医院看;go to the hospital去医院(并不是去 看病,而是有其他目的) (5)类指的television和radio通常没有冠词,但是on/over/to the radio中,the不可省略,如listen to the radio, on the radio等;而 在television之前却又可以不用定冠词 watch(the)television, on(the)television.
Bell invents the telephone. 贝尔发明了电话。 The true, the good and the beautiful would not exist without the false, the evil and the ugly. 没有欺骗、邪恶、丑陋就没有真实、善良和美丽。 My brother John is planning to be a civil servant. 我的兄弟约翰打算成为一名公务员。 Cauliflowers are my favorite vegetable. 花菜是我最喜爱的蔬菜。
02冠词的习惯用法 (1)在世上独有的事物、方位、前文提到的事物、说话语境中明确的事物、
最高级以及序数词修饰的事物、山、河、湖、海、楼、塔、沙漠以及 各含有普通名词构成的专有名词等等,一般都要用定冠词。 The sun is bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大。
(2) 以下场合一般不用冠词:专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词前;节假 日、星期、月份、季节、疾病名称前;头衔前;球类运动前;泛指的 三餐前;by引导的交通工具前;某些独立结构的名词前;“普通名词 +as”引导的让步状语从句的普通名词前。
b. The general determiners are a/an, any, another, other, and no determiner.
We use a general determiner when we are talking about things in general and the listener/reader doesn't know exactly what we are referring to.
(2)特指 特指是特指一类人或物中的具体对象。这里有两种情况: • 一种是非常明确地指出何人或何物,这叫做“确定特指”(Definite Specific
Reference),定冠词常做这种用法; • 另一种情况是“非确定特指”(In definite Specific Reference),这也是特指具
三、限定词与限定词的搭配关系 01三类限定词
1. Specific and general determiners
a. The specific determiners are the, my, your, his, her, its, our, their, whose, this, that, these, those. We use a specific determiner when we believe the listener/reader knows exactly what we are referring to. 当我们使用上述特指限定词时,我们相信对方知道我们在说的事 物。 Can you pass me the salt, please? Look at those lovely flowers.
一、冠词 冠词(Article)是最典型的限定词,本身不能单独使用,也没有 词义,包括a, an, the三个词和an为不定冠词(Indefinite Article); 在不使用冠词的场合,称 为零冠词(Zero Article)。
01类指(Generic Reference)和特指(Specific Reference) (1)类指 类指是表示类别,也就是泛指一类人或物。不论是定冠词还是不定冠词和零冠词都具有这种
• Girls normally do better in school than boys.
• Health and education are very important.
d. We use the general determiner any with a singular noun or an uncount noun when we are talking about all of those people or things. 当我们谈论这些人或这些事时,我们将泛指限定词any与单数名词或不 可数名词连用。
things (this book, my sisiter)
一句话解释就是:限定词放在名词前,是帮助我们识别所 指事物属性的修饰词。
限定词(Determiner)是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指、类 指以及表示确定数量和非确定数量等限定作用的词类,主要包括 冠词(a, an, the)物主限定词(如my, her)、指示限定词(如 this, those, such)、不定限定词(如all, both, no)、疑问限定 词(如what, which, whose)、关系限定词(如whose)、名词 属格(如 Tom's, China’s)以及数词(如one, second)等。
功能。 ●定冠词与单数可数名词搭配,往往可起类指的作用,常用于正式语体; ●定冠词与某些形容词或分词连用,表示类别或抽象概念; ●不定冠词用于类指,往往表示“任一”“某一”“一个/种/样/杯”“每一个”,一般用于单数可数名
词前,偶尔用于某些物质名词、抽象名词前; ●用零冠词与复数可数名词或不可数名词搭配,同样可以表示一类的人或物。
当我们在谈论对方并不清楚的事物时,要用泛指限定词。
• A man came this morning and left a parcel.
• He was wearing a big coat and a cap.
c. We use no determiner with plural nouns and uncount nouns. 名词复数和不可数名词前可以不加限定词。
体对象,但不很明确,不定冠词常做这种用法,零冠词也能有非确定特指的 用法。
如:He ordered a book some time ago. The book has now arrived. 他不久前订购了一本书,那本书现已到达。(特指上文提到过的书。) The dog and the cat are the same ones we had last year. 这狗和猫是我们去年就养了的。(特指去年就饲养了的狗和猫。) I met an old man in the street. 我在路上遇到一个老人。(虽未道出姓名但所指仍为某一特定的老人。) There's a letter for you. 有一封信给你。(指一封特定的信件,但不明确是谁写来的。)
(6)疾病通常是不可数名词,前面不用冠词。但get a cold感冒和get a headache头痛一般要用冠词,have toothache“牙痛”却又不用冠 词。
(7)某些词有多种意思,视不同词义决定是否需要冠词。
法则1:当对方不知道我们指的是哪一个时,我们将不定冠词a/an与 单数名词连用
如: Unity is strength. 团结就是力量。 Thanksgiving Day falls on the 4th Thursday in November. 感恩节在每年11月的第4个星期四。 Child as he is, he can speak two foreign languages. 尽管他是个孩子,但会说两门外语。
限定词 Determiners
Determiners are words which come at the beginning of noun phrases. They tell us whether a noun phrase is specific or general. We use determiners to identify
法则2:我们还用它来表明这个人或事物是一个群体中的一员 • We also use it to show that the person or thing is one of a group:
• She is a pupil at London Road School. • Police have been looking for a 14-year-old girl who has been missing
since Friday. • Jenny Brown is a pupil at London Road School. She is 1.6 metres tall,
with short, blonde hair. When she left home, she was wearing a blue jacket, a blue and white blouse, dark blue jeans and blue shoes. • Anyone who has information should contact the local police on 0800 349 781.
法则3:不定冠词与复数名词或不可数名词不连用 • We do not use an indefinite article with plural nouns or uncount
nouns: • She was wearing blue shoes. (复数名词)
• She has short, blonde hair. (不可数名词)
(3)名词前有one, no, each, every, either, neither, some, any, this, that, these, those, which, 或所有格名 词或代词时,不可再用冠词。如:
• That's my watch. 那是我的表。(不可用my a) • Which apple would you like? 你要哪一个苹果?(不可用Which