2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit3Inventorsandinventions夯基提能作业新人教版

2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit3Inventorsandinventions夯基提能作业新人教版选修820210628179
Ⅰ.阅读明白得
(2021重庆育才中学高三入学考试)
A machine that takes sweat-laden (浸满汗水的) clothes and turns the sweat into drinking water is in use in Sweden. The machine makes the clothes turn round quickly, heats them to remove the sweat, and then passes the steam through a kind of special material to make purified water.
Since it has been brought into use, its creators say more than 1000 people have drunk others’ “sweat” in Gothenburg. They add the liquid is c leaner than local tap water.
The device was built for the United Nations’ child-focused charity UNICEF to promote a campaign highlighting the fact that 780 million people in the world lack access to clean water.
The machine was designed and built by the engineer Andreas Hammar, known locally for his appearances on TV tech show “Mekatronik”. He said the key part of the sweat machine was a new water purification part developed by a company named HVR.
“It uses a technique called membrane distillation (膜蒸馏),” he told the BBC.“We use a special kind of material that only lets steam through but keeps bacteria, salts, clothing fibers and other things out. They have something similar to the International Space Station, but our machine is cheaper to build. The amount of water it produces depends on how sweaty the person is, but one person’s T-shirt typically produces 10ml, about a mouthful.”
The device has been put on show at the Gothia Cup—the world’s largest international youth football tournament. Mattias Ronge, chief executive of Stockholm-based advertising agency Deportivo, said the machine had helped raise awareness of UNICEF, but in reality had its limitations.
“People haven’t produced as much sweat as we hoped—right now the weather in Gothenburg is lousy,” Mattias Ronge said. “So we’ve equipped the machine with exercise bikes and volunteers are cycling like crazy. Even so, the demand for sweat is greater than the supply. And the machine will never be produced in large numbers, since there are better solutions out there such as water purifying pills.”
1.Which of the following is the disadvantage of the sweat machine?
A.It takes too long for the machine to produce water.
B.The amount of water the machine produces is rather limited.
C.It costs a large amount of money to build the machine.
D.The water processed by the machine is not clean enough.
2.UNICEF is mentioned in the text to .
A.show how the sweat machine works
B.explain why the sweat machine was invented
C.show the importance of the United Nations
D.tell us who invented the sweat machine
3.What did Mattias Ronge think of the sweat machine?
A.It could only be used in summer.
B.It did not work at all.
C.It was not worth popularizing.
D.The water it produced tasted sweet.
4.The text is written mainly to tell us that .
A.a machine which turns sweat into drinking water is invented
B.780 million people in the world lack access to clean water
C.a better solution to purifying dirty water is discovered
D.the pill which turns dirty water into clean water is produced
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020山东寿光现代中学高三开学考试)
Ways to Worry Less
Do you want to worry less? Of course you do. That’s like asking if I can send you free bacon. Worry is like black mold—it appears in damp conditions and spreads uncontrollably. And very often we don’t realize it’s there until it’s killing us. We must get rid of worry before it destroys us. But how should we do it? 1
Do what you need to do.
2 You ought not to avoid tough projects or hard conversions. If you don’t do what you should be doing, you will end up spending the rest of the time worrying about the must-do things.
Believe it or not, the anxiety that comes from the worry is much worse than the task we’re worried about.
3
I think many of us act like we’re puppets(木偶)in a play and we’re waiting for something or someone to put us in the right place. We just react to whatever is going on. 4 We need to live purposefully. Nothing can cause more worry than purposelessness.
Make plans.
You can’t have intentionality without making plans. Making plans will enable you to achieve your aims more smoothly. However, your plans aren’t set in stone. You can adjust your plans flexibly. Accept changes. 5
There are other ways to lessen worry. As long as you are determined to take action, you will live a worry-free life.
A.Worry ruins creativity.
B.Get more purposeful.
C.Do what you should be doing.
D.We need to stop letting life just happen.
E.Make new plans and then move forward.
F.You do the same things as the people around you do.
G.Here are some effective ways to deal with it.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2021山东潍坊一模)
A middle-aged man named Douglas lives alone on the fourth floor of an apartment building.He keeps himself off his 1 ,never saying hello to anyone.He leaves his 2 out in the hallway.He 3 complains(埋怨)about all the inconvenience caused by his neighbours,even getting 4 when Catherine and David,the couple living next door,have a baby.Instead of saying 5 ,he 6 his concern about his own sleep.
Then one day Mr.Douglas is surprised to see his garbage is 7 to be found.In its place is a note,“Glad to clear up the garbage to8 you a trip. Have a nice day. David.”9 this kind act,Mr.Douglas begins thinking about the terrible traffic he will surely have to 10 on his way to work.But as time goes on,Mr.Douglas starts to feel a little 11 . Catherine
and David always smile at him when they 12 in the hallway and politely say hello, 13 his reaction is.One day,another note comes to him,apologizing for the baby 14 Mr.Douglas’ sleep.But the baby doesn’t cause him much bother as he sleeps with the fan 15 because of the heat.
Finally,the couple invite Mr.Douglas into their apartment for a cup of coffee. As they talk,he 16 that he and his wife got a divorce a year ago.He has been so heartbroken that he has been 17 to everyone he knows.Feeling glad that his neighbours have treated him with so much 18 and friendliness,Mr.Douglas cannot help 19 and respecting them for it. Now he knows the 20 of treating other people as he would like to be treated.
1.A.workers B.neighbors C.colleagues D.managers
2.A.garbage B.garage C.luggage D.lounge
3.A pletely B.deliberately C.constantly D.eventually
4.A.upset B.shocked C.disappointed D.excited
5.A.yes B.no C.thanks D.congratulations
6.A.shares B.avoids C.expresses D.expects
7.A.somewhere B.anywhere C.everywhere D.nowhere
8.A.save B.make C.offer D.bring
9.A.Cheering B.Ignoring C.Understanding D.Doubting
10.A.deal with B.argue with C.mix with D.get along with
11.A.pleased B.silly C fortable D.curious
12.A.sail B.rest C.walk D.meet
13.A.whatever B.whichever C.wherever D.however
14.A.interrupting B.suffering C.delaying D.robbing
15.A.up B.down C.on D.off
16.A.warns B.declares C.insists D.admits
17.A.strange B.rude C.normal D.polite
18.A.tolerance B.reference C.confidence D.experience
19.A.worrying B.adjusting C.appreciating D.blaming
20.A.behavior B.failure C.difference D.importance
答案精解精析
Ⅰ.阅读明白得
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,要紧介绍了一种能将汗液转化为饮用水的机器。

1.B 细节明白得题。

依照第五段中“The amount of water it produces depends on how sweaty the person is, but one person’s T-shirt typically produces 10ml, about a mouthful.”可知,这种机器的产水量有限。

故选B。

2.B 细节明白得题。

依照第三段内容可知,作者在文中之因此提到UNICEF是因为这台机器是为UNICEF 所组织的一项活动而设计制造的。

故选B。

3.C 推理判定题。

依照最后一段中“the machine will never be produced in large numbers”可知,Mattias Ronge认为这种机器不值得推广。

故选C。

4.A 主旨大意题。

依照第一段中的“A machine that takes sweat-laden (浸满汗水的) clothes and turns the sweat into drinking water is in use in Sweden.”以及下文的描述可知,作者通过本文要紧向我们介绍一种能将汗液转化为饮用水的机器。

故选A。

Ⅱ.七选五
[语篇解读] 本文就如何减少担忧提供了一些方法。

1.G 上句提到“然而我们应该如何做呢?”,下文分别介绍了该如何样去做,因此此处应该是一个引起
下文的句子。

故选G。

2.C 结合本段中的“If you don’t do what you should be doing”可知此处选C。

3.B 依照“We need to live purposefully.”可知,我们要有目的地生活。

B项意思是“变得更有目的。

”,符合语境。

故选B。

4.D 我们要有目的地生活,不能让生活顺其自然。

故选D。

5.E 上句指出要灵活地调整打算,同意改变。

E项“制订新打算,然后连续前进。

”符合语境。

故选E。

Ⅲ.完形填空
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。

一位中年人因与妻子离婚情绪低落,对邻居态度专门粗鲁。

然而邻居的爱心温顺并改变了他。

1.B 依照下文内容可知他和邻居不相往来,从不与任何人打招呼。

2.A 依照第二段第一句中的garbage可知答案为A项。

A:垃圾;B:车库;C:行李;D:起居室。

3.C 他不断地(constantly)埋怨他的邻居给他带来的不便,甚至住在隔壁的一对夫妇凯瑟琳和戴维生
了小孩儿时,他都感到心烦(upset)。

A:完全地;B:有意地;D:终于。

4.A 解析见上题。

upset心烦意乱的;shocked震动的;disappointed败兴的;excited兴奋的。

5.D 隔壁家有了小孩儿,他没有表示祝贺(congratulations),却对自己的睡眠表示担忧。

A:是;B:不;C:感谢。

6.C 依照本句中的saying可推出本题答案为expresses(表达)。

A:分享;B:幸免;D:期望。

7.D 后来有一天,道格拉斯先生惊奇地发觉他的垃圾不见了(be nowhere to be found)。

8.A 便条上写着:“专门快乐清除垃圾,免得(save)你跑一趟。

祝你欢乐。

戴维。

”B:制造;C:主动提供;D:带来。

9.B 依照本句中Mr.Douglas begins thinking about the terrible traffic可推知:道格拉斯先生对邻居的友善行为没有理会(Ignoring)。

A:欢呼,喝彩;C:明白得;D:怀疑。

10.A 道格拉斯先生开始考虑他在上班路上不得不应对(deal with)的堵车现象。

B:与……争吵;C:与……混合;D:与……和谐相处。

11.B 随着时刻的流逝,道格拉斯先生开始感受到自己有点愚蠢(silly)。

A:快乐的;C:舒服的;D:好奇的。

12.D 当凯瑟琳和戴维在走廊里遇到(meet)道格拉斯时,他们总是向他微笑并礼貌地和他打招呼,不管
他是什么(whatever)反应。

A:航行;B:休息;C:行走。

13.A 解析见上题。

A:不管什么;B:不管哪一个;C:不管在哪里;D:不管多么。

14.A 依照第一段最后一句可知:凯瑟琳和戴维夫妇因他们的小孩打搅(interrupting)了他的睡眠而写便条向他道歉。

B:遭受;C:推迟;D:抢夺。

15.C with the fan on开着电扇。

16.D 当他们谈话时,他承认(admits)一年前他和他的妻子离婚了。

A:警告;B:宣布;C:坚持主张。

17.B 他专门难过以至于对他认识的所有人都专门粗鲁(rude)。

A:生疏的;C:一样的;D:礼貌的。

18.A 邻居对他如此宽容(tolerance)、友好,他感到专门快乐。

他不由自主地感激(appreciating)并尊重他们。

B:参考;C:信心;D:体会。

19.C 解析见上题。

A:担忧;B:调整;D:声讨,指责。

20.D 现在他明白得了用期望他人对待自己的方式对待他人的重要性(importance)。

A:行为;B:失败;C:不同。