9BUnit2Robots语言要点（译林牛津版九年级英语下册教案教学设计）

9B Unit 2 Robots 语言要点(译林牛津版九年级英语下册教案
教学设计)
9B Unit 2 Robots（1）
第二单元机器人
重点难点
1. I’m writing a complaint letter. 我在写一封抱怨信。

★complaint用作不可数名词，意思是“抱怨”“不满”“牢骚”“投诉”。

如：
① You have no cause for complaint. 你没有理由来埋怨。

② I’m going to write a letter of complaint. 我打算写封投诉信。

③ There’s no real reason for complaint. 没有真正抱怨的理由。

④ If your neighbors are too noisy, you’ll have cause for complaint.
如果你的邻居很吵闹，你就有控告他们的理由。

★complaint用作可数名词，表示“感到不满的事”“抱怨的行动或话语”“投诉”。

如：
① My sister wrote me to make so many complaints.
我姐姐写信给我，发了那么多的牢骚。

② Some children are full of complaints about their food.
一些孩子对他们的食物充满了怨言。

③ I have a number of complaints about the hotel room you’ve given me.
我对你们提供给我的旅馆房间有许多不满的意见。

④ The police received several complaints about the noise from our party.
警方收到几个不满投诉，说我们的聚会太吵了。

★complain用作动词，意思是“抱怨”“发牢骚”“投诉”，后接抱怨的具体内容时常用介词about或of，在表示“向……抱怨”时，
常用介词to，也可接从句。

如：
① She is always complaining. 她老是发牢骚。

② He complained to me about the food. 他向我抱怨食物。

（抱怨食物不好）
③ I’ve got nothing to complain of really. 真的我没有什么可以抱怨的。

④ He complained that he couldn’t find a job anywhere. 他抱怨说自己到处都找不到工作。

2. What have I done wrong? 我做错了什么？
do wrong意为“做错事”，其中的wrong用作名词，意为“坏事”“不法行为”“错误”等，do sb. wrong或do wrong to sb. 意为“冤枉某人”。

如：
① She did no wrong. 她不会干坏事。

② They have done us a great wrong. 他们对待我们十分不公正。

③ A terrible wrong has been done. Those men should never gone to prison.
这事已经造成大冤案，那些人决不应该进监狱。

④ You shouldn’t do wrong to me. 你不应该冤枉我。

3. Mr Jing is the first person is Sunshine Town to own a robot.
江先生是阳光镇第一个拥有机器的人。

★own用作动词，意思是“拥有”“有”，指具有法律上的所有权，其主语往往是人。

如：
① This house is mine. I own it. 这房子是我的，归我所有。

② She owns a car, but she rarely drives it. 她有一辆小汽车，但她很少开。

③ Who owns this land? 这块土地归谁所有？
④ His family owned neither land nor house. 他家既无田地又无房子。

★own用作动词，还可表示“承认”“承认(某事属实或是自己所为)”。

如：
① They own that the claim is justified. 他们承认那要求是正当的。

② I own I was wrong. 我承认我错了。

③ It was my fault. I’ll own it. 这是我的过错。

我会承认的。

★own用作形容词，意思是“自己的”。

如：
① I sa w it with my own eyes. 那是我亲眼看到的。

② I wish I had my own room. 但愿我有自己的房间。

③ He did it in his own way. 他以自己的方式做这件事。

★own用作名词，意为“自己的东西”。

如：
① May I keep it for my own? 我可以把它当作自己的吗？
② The workers took him as one of their own. 工人把他当作自己人。

③ This house is my own. 这房子是我自己的。

★on one’s own是一个习惯短语，意为“独自地”“独立地”。

如：
① She still lives on her own. 她仍然独自一人生活。

② I’ll do the work on my own. 我将独立地工作。

4. ‘In order to have more free time, I have to buy a robot,’ Mr Jing thought.
汪先生想“为了有更多的空间，我得买一个机器人。

”
★in order to意为“为了”“以便”，后接动词原形，其否定形式为in order not to。

如：
① Yao Ming went to America in order to get further practice on basketball.
为了得到篮球方面的进一步训练，姚明去了美国。

② They did anything in order to make money. 为了赚钱他们什么事都做。

③ I walked quietly in order not to wake the children. 为了不吵醒孩子，我走得很轻。

④ I n order to catch up with the others, the girl works even
harder.
为了赶上其他同学，那女孩学习更加用功了。

★so as to也表示“为了”“以便”之意，相当于in order to，其后跟的是动词原形，否定形式为so as not to，有时so和as to可以分开。

如：
① The twin brothers took a taxi so as to be in time for the interview.
为了及时赶上面试，那对双胞胎兄弟乘坐了出租汽车。

② Please take enough money with you so as to buy anything you want.
带上足够的钱以便能买你想要的所有东西。

③ The man searched the room again so as not to leave anything important.
为了防止留下任何重要的东西，那人又搜了一遍房间。

④ The woman went to the bank early so as to be the first one.
＝The woman went to the bank so early as to the first one.
为了赶第一个，那妇女早早就去了银行。

【注】in order to与so as to两者意义基本相同，只是在位置上有所区别，前者不仅可以用于句子中间，也可以用于句子开头，而后者只能用于句子中间。

如：
① The child didn’t have his lunch so as to/in order to buy his mother a birthday present.
(此句中两者可以互换)
为了给妈妈买生日礼物那孩子没有吃午饭。

② In order to buy his mother a birthday present, the child didn’t have his lunch.
(此句中只能用in order to)
为了给妈妈买生日礼物那孩子没有吃午饭。

★in order that意为“以便”“为了”，引导目的状语从句。

如：
① Bring the picture nearer in order that I can see it clearly.
把照片拿近些以便我能看清楚点。

② I turned on the TV quickly in order that I could see the result of the basketball match.
为了能看到篮球比赛的结果我迅速打开了电视机。

③ Students are carefully preparing for the coming test in order that they can get a good result.
为了能在即将举行的考试中取得好成绩，学生们正认真做准备。

★so that意为“以便”“为了”，也引导目的状语从句，常与may, can, will等连用。

如：
① I will give up my claim so that you may have the property.
为了你能获得那价财产我将放弃我的要求。

② Tom got up early so that he could get to school on time.
为了能够准时到校，汤姆起了个大早。

★so…that…引导结果状语从句，意为“太……以至于”，so后接形容词或副词，有时可与too…t o或enough to互换。

如：
① The shoes are so small that I can’t wear them. 这双鞋子小得我都穿不上。

② He was so excited that he could not speak. (＝He was too excited to speak.)
他兴奋得连话都说不出来了。

③ He was so foolish that he accepted her invitation. (＝He was foolish enough to accept her invitation.)
他接受她的邀请真是太傻了。

④ The mark was so small that I could hardly see it. 那个标记非常小，我几乎看不见它。

⑤ She was so tired that she didn’t want to eat anything. 她太累了以至于什么也不想吃。

★such…that…意为“如此……以至于……”，such后接“形容词+名词”。

如：
① It is such bad weather that we can’t go out to play football. (不能说so bad weather)
这样糟糕的天气使我们无法出去踢足球。

② They are such useful books that I want to buy all of them. (不能说so useful books)
它们是非常有用的书，我想把它们都买下来。

【注】“such+a/an+形容词+名词”也可用“so+形容词+a/an+名词”来代替。

如：
① It was such a cold day that there was no body on the street.
＝It was so cold a day that there was nobody on the street.
天气非常冷，以至于街上没有人。

② It was such an important meeting that everybody was required to attend it.
＝It was so important a meeting that everybody was required to attend it.
会议非常重要，因此要求每个人都要参加。

③ It is such an interesting book that every student likes reading it.
＝It is so interesting a book that every student likes reading it.
这本书这么有趣，以至于每个学生都喜欢看。

【注】“such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词+that”不能用so 结构来代替，但当复数名词或不可数名词前有many, few, much, little(少)修饰时，应用o。

如：
① There were so many types that he didn’t know which to choose.
型号太多了，他不知道选哪一种。

② There was so little water that only small children were given some.
水不多了，只给小孩子分了一些。

5. The robot also ironed Mr. Jing’s shirts and made a lunchbox for him every day.
机器人每天也为江先生熨烫衣服和做午餐。

★iron用作动词，意思是“(用熨斗)熨烫(衣服等)”。

如：
① This material irons well/easily. 这种材料很好/容易熨。

② I prefer to iron my shirts while they are damp. 我喜欢在衬衫潮湿的时候熨烫它们。

★iron用作名词，意思是“铁”。

如：
① It is as hard as iron. 它和铁一样坚硬。

② The gate is made of iron. 这扇大门是用铁做成的。

③ She has a will of iron. 她有钢铁般的意志。

6. As a result, Mr. Jing no longer needed to get up early to do housework and he could stay in bed for an extra hour.
因此，江先生就不再需要很早起来做家务了而且他能在床上多呆一个小时。

★as a result是一个习惯短语，意为“因此”“结果”。

如：
① As a result, the discussion was pu t off until the following week.
结果讨论被推迟到了下星期。

② He fell off the bike and hurt his leg yesterday. As a result he had to be away from school for two or three months.
昨天他从自行车上掉了下来，摔伤了腿。

因此他不得不休学两三个月。

③ As a result he was sent away from school. 结果他被赶出了学校。

④ He didn’t practice, and as a result he lost. 他没有练习，所以输了。

⑤ The traffic was very heavy and as a result we didn’t arrive on time.
交通十分拥挤，因此我们没能准时到达。

★as a result of意为“因为”“由于”“……的结果”，用来作状语。

如：
① He is unable to go to work as a result of the fall off the horse.
由于他从马上摔了下来，他不能去上班了。

② He was late as a result of the heavy snow. 他迟到是由于大雪所导致的。

③ As a result of warning, nobody was hurt. 由于得到了警告，因此没有人受伤。

★result用作名词，意为“结果”“效果”“后果”“比赛的结果”“(考试)成绩”等。

如：
① The result of the examination was quite unexpected. 考试的结果令人完全难以想像。

② I was late, with the result that I missed my train. 我迟到了，结果没能赶上火车。

③ All our hard work produced little or no result. 我们的艰苦劳动没有多少结果。

④ We worked hard all day, but without any result. 我们整天努力工作，但没有多少效果。

⑤ The result of the match was a draw. 这场比赛的结果是平局。

（不分胜负）
⑥ I heard the football results on the radio. 我在广播中听到了足球比赛的结果。

★result用作动词，意为“发生”“产生”，与介词in连用，意为“导致”“引起(某种结果)”“使……获得某种结果”。

如：
① Our efforts resulted in success. 我们的努力终于成功了。

② The talk resulted in getting on well with each other. 那次谈话使得双方和好了。

③ The acciden t resulted in three deaths. 那次事故导致了三人死亡。

④ His careless speech resulted in much argument. 他发言过于草率，因而引起许多争议。

★result用作动词，与from连用，意为“由……造成”“因……产生”，from后是产生的原因。

如：
① Sickness often results from eating too much. 疾病是由于吃得过多所引起的。

② The accident resulted from your carelessness. 这次事故是由于你的粗心所引起的。

③ His failure resulted from not working hard enough.
他的失败是由于他工作不够努力所导致的。

④ His injuries resulted from a fall. 他的伤是因摔倒所致。

7. no longer, not…any longer与no more, not…any more
★no longer相当于not…any longer，意为“不再”，通常用来指某一动作的不再延续或发生。

如：
① We can no longer stay here. ＝We can’t stay here any longer.
我们不能再呆在这里了。

② John was no longer a thief. ＝John was not a thief any longer.
约翰不再是一个小偷了。

③ She could no longer go to school. ＝She couldn’t go to school any longer.
她不能再去上学了。

④ He was no longer working there. ＝He was not working there any longer.
他不再在那里工作了。

⑤ Tom no longer bought picture-books. ＝T om didn’t buy picture-books any longer.
汤姆不再买图画书了。

【注】no longer或not置于句首时，句子须部分倒装。

如：
① No longer did he come here after we quarreled.
＝Not did he come here any longer after we quarreled.
我们吵架之后他再也没来过这儿。

★no more相当于not…any more，意为“不再”，大多用来修饰终止性动词。

如：
① He drank no more after that accident. ＝He didn’t drink any more after that accident.
那次事故之后他不再喝酒了。

② Time lost will return no more. = Time lost will not return any more.
失去了的时间不会再回来。

③ He phones me no more. = He doesn’t phone me any more.
他不再给我打电话了。

④ I have seen him no more since he left here.
= I haven’t seen him any more since he left here.
自从他离开这儿，我再也没见过他。

★no more后跟倒装句，意为“也不”。

no more还可作表语，表示人或物“不存在了”，语气比dead要委婉。

如：
① He can’t afford a new car, and no more can I. 他买不起一辆新汽车，我也买不起。

② He is very ill. I am afraid that he will soon be no more.
他病得很重，恐怕将不久于人世了。

③ The ancient city of Trojan is no more.
古代的特洛伊城现在已不复存在。

8. extra一词的用法
★extra用作形容词，意思是“额外的”“外加的”“附加的”。

如：
① They can get extra pay for extra work. 他们额外的工作能够得到额外的报酬。

② The bus company provided extra buses because there were so many people.
因为人太多，公交公司加开了公交车。

③ The football match went into extra time. 足球赛进入了加时赛。

④ They said they were going to give us one extra song.
他们说他们将给我们再唱一支歌。

⑤ I don’t suppose they wanted any extra help.
我认为他们不需要额外的帮助。

★extra也可以作名词，意思是“额外的事物”“额外收费的事物”。

如：
① Her bill for extra was $ 30. 她的额外费用是30美元。

② The dinner cost ￡80 without any extras. 这顿饭花了80英镑，不需要任何额外费用。

③ Her school fees are $ 440 a term, music and dancing are extras.
她的学费是每学期440美元，音乐课和舞蹈课额外收费。

9. While Mr. Jiang was at work, the robot would clean his flat.
当江先生上班时机器人就会打扫房间。

★while用作连词，意为“当……的时候”，常用来表示一段较长时间或一个过程，不能用来表示某一个时间点，强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生。

如：
① While the discussion was still going on, George came in.
当讨论还在进行时，乔治走了进来。

② He had an accident while he came here. 他来这儿的时候，在路上出了事。

③ She always phones while we are having lunch. 她总是在我们吃饭时打电话来。

④ He called while I was out. 我不在家的时候，他来访了。

【注】当while从句中的主语和主句中的主语相同，并含有be动
词时，while从句中的主语和be动词可以一起省略。

如：
① While (he was) listening to the radio, he fell asleep. 他在听收音机时睡着了。

② While (he was) going to school, he met a friend. 上学时，他遇到了一位朋友。

★while用作并列连词，意为“而”“然而”，连接一个并列句，表示前后意义上的对比或转折。

如：
① Nodding the head means agreement, while shaking it means disagreement.
点头表示同意，而摇头表示不同意。

② I earn only 50 dollars a week, while she earns 80 dollars.
我一个星期只赚50美元，而她却赚80美元。

③ Some people are very rich while others are very poor.
有的人很富，而有的人却很穷。

④ I’m interested in sports while my sister is fond of music.
我对体育感兴趣，而我妹妹爱好音乐。

⑤ There’re plenty of rain in the southeast, while there’s little in the northeast.
东南部雨量充足，而西北部则很少下雨。

【注】while在这种用法中，两个句子的主语通常不是同一个主语，如是同一个主语时，用but表示转折。

如：
① I like sports but I don’t like music. 我喜欢体育但我不喜欢音乐。

★while用作连词，还可表示“虽然”“尽管”，相当于although，表示让步。

如：
① While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.
尽管我明白你的话，我却不能同意你的观点。

② While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings.
尽管我承认他的优点，但我还是能看到他的缺点。

★while用作连词，意为“只要”，相当于as long as，表示条件。

如：
① While there is water, there is li fe. 只要有水，就有生命。

② While there is life, there is hope. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。

③ We can surely overcome these difficulties while we are closely united.
只要我们紧密地团结一致，一定能克服这些困难。

【注】while, when以及as的区别
★当从句中的谓语动词表示持续性动作时，我们可以用while, when或as。

如：
① While/When/As I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the bank.
我顺着马路往前走时，发现银行前面停着一辆警车。

② While/When/As we dancing, a stranger came in.
当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。

③ Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially while/when/as father was away in France.
母亲担心的是因为小艾丽丝病了，特别是当父亲远在法国的时候。

④ While/When/As he was at college, he studied hard. 他在大学时，学习很努力。

★当从句中的谓语动词表示瞬间动作时，用when，不可用while 或as。

如：
① Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one already?
你已经找到了如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？（get为瞬间动词）
② Sorry, I was out wh en you called me.
对不起，你打电话时我刚好不在家。

（call为瞬间动词）
③ When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.
当我才刚停下车，就有个人向我走来。

（stop为瞬间动词）
★当要表示“就在那时”“就在这时”，即at that/this moment
或and then的意思时，要用when，不能用while或as。

且引起的句子一般放在句尾。

如：
① He was about to leave when the telephone rang. 他正要离开，忽然电话铃响了。

② We were watching TV when suddenly the lights went out. 我们正在看电视,突然灯灭了。

③ They had just arrived home when it began to rain. 他们刚到家，天就开始下雨了。

④ He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door.
他正要走，这时有人敲门。

★while和as从句中的动作必须是和主句中的动作同时发生。

而when从句中的动作可以在主句中的动作之前、之后或同时发生。

如：
① When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.
你做完了作业可以休息。

（finished的动作先发生）
② When I got to the airport, the guests had left.
当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。

（got to的动作后发生）★当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用as。

这时，as常表示“随着……”“一边……，一边……”之意。

如：
① As years go by, China is getting stronger and richer.
随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。

② The little girls sang as they went. 小姑娘们一边走一边唱。

③ As the day went on, the weather got wors e. 日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。

★当从句中的时间表示将来时，常用when引导，且从句须用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替将来时。

如：
① When the manager comes here for a visit next week, I’ll talk with him about this.
下周，经理来这儿参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。

② You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.
在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。

10. After dinner, the robot would wash the dishes and Mr Jiang could relax and watch his favourite TV programmes.
饭后，机器人会洗碗筷，而江先生可以放松一下，看他最喜爱的电视节目。

★relax用作动词，意思是“放松”“（使）放松”。

如：
① Forget your worries and relax. 忘记你的烦恼，放松自己。

② Let’s stop working and relax f or half an hour. 让我们停止工作，放松半小时。

③ Relax and enjoy yourself. 放松些，痛痛快快地玩。

④ He needed a good book to relax himself. 他需要一本书来调节自己。

★relaxed是relax的形容词形式，意思是“轻松的”“放松的”。

如：
① He is feeling relaxed now. 他现在觉得很轻松。

② A relaxed atmosphere made me feel better. 轻松的气氛使我感觉好多了。

③ He was lying in the sun looking very relaxed and happy.
他躺在阳光下，看上去很轻松愉快。

11. asleep, sleepy和sleep的用法
★asleep用作形容词，意思是“睡着的”，表示一种状态，在句子中一般作表语，不能放在名词的前面作定语。

如：
① He was very tired and soon fell asleep. 他很疲劳，不久就睡着了。

② He seems to be fast asleep.他似乎睡得很香。

③ He was asleep with his head on his arm. 他把头枕在手臂上睡着了。

★sleepy也是形容词，意思是“困的”“欲睡的”，在句子中既可以作定语修饰名词，也可以作表语。

如：
① This is a small sleepy village. 这是一个宁静的小村庄。

② She always has a sleepy expression. 她总是没有精神。

③ I’m sleepy. I want to go to sleep. 我困了，要去睡觉了。

★sleep既可以用作动词也可用作名词，意思是“睡觉”。

如：
① He slept very badly. 他睡眠很不好。

② Don’t wake him up. Let him sleep on. 别叫醒他。

让他继续睡吧。

③ As he slept, he dreamed a dream. 他睡着的时候做了一个梦。

④ He was very tired and soon got to sleep. 他很疲劳，不久就睡着了。

⑤ She fell into a deep sleep. 她睡熟了。

12. Mr Jiang was very happy with his robot. 江先生对他的机器人感到很满意。

★be happy with意为“对……感到满意”。

如：
① She is not happy with her present job. 她对现在的工作并不满意。

② He was not happy with your explanation. 他对你的解释不满意。

③ I’m not very happy with what you have done. 我不是很满意你的所作所为。

★be pleased with和be satisfied with都可表示“对……满意”的意思，与be happy with同义。

如：
① She was pleased with her new room. 她对她的新房间很满意。

② My parents aren’t at all pleased with me at the moment. 目前父母对我很不满意。

③ He was looking very pleased with himself, so I knew he had passed the test.
他看上去对自己很满意，所以我知道他已经通过了考试。

④ I was not satisfied with the result. 我对那个结果感到不满意。

⑤ They asked for white wine, but I think they’d be satisfied with red wine.
他们不要喝白葡萄酒，但我想给他们来点红葡萄酒他们也会感到满意的。

⑥ She is satisfied with her son’s progress. 她对她儿子的进步很满意。

13. But then, things started to go wrong. 但是接下来情况就开始出问题了。

★go wrong意为“出毛病”“不对头”“失败”“搞错”“弄错”。

如：
① Something has gone wrong with the engine. 发动机出毛病了。

② Everything has gone wrong today. 今天事事不对劲。

③ All our plans went wrong. 我们所有的计划都失败了。

④ If you read the instruc tions, you will see where you went wrong.
你要是看一下说明书就知道你错在哪儿了。

⑤ I’m afraid we’ve gone wrong. We should have taken the other road.
我们恐怕走错了路。

我们应该走另外那条路。

14. The robot caught a virus and caused a lot of problems.
这个机器人感染了病毒，产生了许多问题。

★caught用作动词，意为“感染”“患病”。

如：
① He caught a cold. 他感冒了。

② My computer has caught a virus. 我的计算机感染了病毒。

③ I’ve got a terrible cold. I must have caught it from someone at work.
我得了重感冒，准是从我同事那儿传染的。

④ She caught a fever so she couldn’t go to school.
她发烧了，所以不能去上学。

★catch用作动词，可表示“捉住”“逮住”“钩住”“截住”。

如：
① The policeman has caught the murderer alive. 警察已把凶手活捉。

② Yesterday he caught some fish. 昨天他抓到了几条鱼。

③ A nail caught her dress. 一枚钉子钩住了她的衣服。

④ Hank was caught in the earthquake. 汉克被地震所困。

⑤ I threw the ball to him and he caught it. 我把球扔给他，他接住了。

★catch用作动词，还可表示“赶上”“赶到”的意思。

如：
① He didn’t appear at the meeting, because he didn’t catch the train.
他没来开会是因为他没赶上火车。

② He caught the bus into town. 他坐公共汽车去城里。

③ We arrived just in time to catch the beginning of the film. 我们刚好赶上电影开场。

④ I ran to catch the las t bus. 我跑着去赶最后一班车。

★catch用作动词，还可表示“听清楚”“理解”“领会”的意思。

如：
① Sorry, I didn’t catch you just now. 对不起，我刚才没听清楚你说什么。

② I’m sorry, I didn’t catch what you said. 很抱歉，我没有听懂你的话。

③ I don’t quiet catch the idea. 我不十分明白那意思。

④ I don’t catch the meaning of this sentence. 我不理解这个句子的意思。

★“catch + sb. + doing”意为“偶然撞见”“发觉”。

如：
① I caught him stealing. 我发现他在偷东西。

② The teacher caught him sleeping in the class. 老师发觉他在上课时打瞌睡。

③ I caught him taking a pen from my pencil-box. 我碰巧撞见他从我的铅笔盒里拿钢笔。

【注】catch构成的常用短语有catch up with意为“赶上”，后接人或事；catch sight of意为“看见”；catch hold of意为“抓住”。

如：
① He was walking very fast and I had to run to catch up with him.
他走得很快，我要连走带跑才赶得上他。

② Go on ahead, I’ll soon catch up with you. 请你先走，我很快就会赶上来。

③ Work hard and you will catch up with the others. 努力学，你会赶上其他人的。

④ I caught sight of the man at the end of the street. 我在这条街的尽头见到了那个人。

⑤ Please catch hold of the rope. 请抓住绳子。

⑥ He was caught hold of by the arm. 他被抓住了手臂。

15. While Mr. Jiang was at work, the robot would knock things over.
江先生在工作的时候，机器人会把东西撞倒。

★knock sth. /sb. over意思是“撞倒/撞翻某物或某人”。

如：
① You’ve knocked over my drink. 你把我的饮料打翻了。

② I’m sorry to knock you over. 非常抱歉，我把你撞倒了。

③ Be careful not to knock over the children. 小心别把孩子们撞倒了。

★knock down意为“击倒”“撞倒”，强调“倒下”，还可表示“拆除”的意思。

如：
① He knocked down the thief. 他把小偷打倒了。

② His son was knocked down by a car. 他的儿子被汽车撞倒了。

③ He knocked his match down with a blow. 他一拳把他的对手击倒。

④ He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他几乎把我撞倒了才看见我。

⑤ These old buildings will be knocked down soon. 这几幢老房子很快就要被拆掉了。

★knock用作动词，意为“敲”“击”“碰”。

如：
① Be care ful not to knock your head when you get up. 起床的时候，小心撞头。

② He knocked the vase onto the floor. 他把花瓶碰到了地上。

③ Someone is knocking at/on the door. 有人敲门。

④ He knocked (= hit) his head on/against the wall. 他的头撞在了墙上。

⑤ Can you hear somebody knocking at the door? 你听到有人在敲门吗？
★knock用作名词时，意为“短促的敲或打(的声音)”“(发动机的)爆震声”“(板球的)一局”，词组take a knock意为“蒙受经济或感情上的打击”。

如：
① If you not up by eight o’clock I will give you a knock.
要是8点钟你还不起床，我就来敲你的门。

② He fell off his bike and got a nasty knock. 他从自行车上摔下来，摔得很重。

③ What’s that knock I ca n hear? 我听到发动机有爆震声是怎么回事啊？
④ That was a good knock: 86 not out. 那局真漂亮，打了86分还未出局。

⑤ She took a bad knock when her husband died. 她丈夫的死使她受到了沉重的打击。

16. When Mr. Jiang got home, he would find his flat in a mess: food was on the floor and his books were in the sink.
江先生到家时，他发现屋子里乱七八糟：食物在地上，他的书在厨房中洗涤槽里。

★mess用作名词，指“脏或乱的状态”。

如：
① The kitchen is a mess. 这厨房很脏乱。

② The children have made an awful mess in the room. 孩子们把这房间弄得凌乱不堪了。

③ The spilt milk made a terrible mess on the floor. 洒出的牛奶把地上弄得一塌糊涂了。

★mess用作名词，还可表示“困难或紊乱的状态”“杂乱”的意思。

如：
① My life is in real mess. 我的生活真是狼狈。

② You’ve made a mess of the job. 你把你的工作弄得一团糟。

★mess作动词用，意思是“把弄乱”“把弄脏”“胡闹”“瞎逛”等。

如：
① Don’t mess you hair. 别把你的头发弄乱了。

② Stop messing about and come and help. 别胡闹了，过来帮帮忙。

③ I love just messing about in the garden. 我就喜欢在花园里闲逛。

17. In the end, Mr. Jiang sent the robot back to the robot shop.
最后，江先生把机器人送回了机器人商店。

★in the end意为“终于”“最后”，表示经过许多变化或周折，最后发生了某事。

如：
① He worked hard, and in the end he succeeded. 他努力工作，最后他成功了。

② In the end he won their trust. 最终他赢得了他们的信任。

③ I’m sure everything will turn out satisfactory in the end.
我确信，最后一切都会令人满意的。

④ In the end things will mend. 船到桥头自然直。

⑤ We did experiment after experiment, and in the end we got a good harvest of rice in Africa.。