四级必备名词,动词词组
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动词词组固定搭配
account for = explain 说明,解释(原因);占比例
accuse sb. of(doing sth.)指控某人做了不好的事(接介词of)
adapt (oneself) to sth.调节,调整,以适应
add sth. to sth.把…放到…中/上/里
add to增加,增添
add up to累计,总数达
adjust (oneself) to sth调节,调整,以适应
agree on双方、多方达成一致(主语必须是they / we等)
agree to同意,答应(某事)
agree with赞成(某人/ 某人的观点等)
aim at瞄准,针对
allow for考虑到,原谅
amount to累计,总数达
appeal for呼吁,请求
appeal to = attract吸引,引起…的注意
appeal to(court/master)求助于(法庭、主人等)
apply for申请
apply to (apply theory to practice)致力于做…,应用于…方面(理论联系实际)apply to sb. for sth.向某人申请某事
arrive at a conclusion得出一个结论、协议
arrive in \ at到达,得出
ask after询问,问候
ask for请求,要求
attach to附属于,隶属于
begin with从开始
believe in(Christianity)信仰,信奉(基督教等)
belong to属于
benefit from受益于…
blame sb. for sth因…而责备某人
blame sth on sb.= attribute to把…归咎于某人
break away(强烈地)逃脱,挣脱
break into强行闯入
break in闯入(房间);插话
break off中断(往往还可以恢复)
break out(灾难、疾病、战争等的)爆发
break through突破,穿透
break up打碎、破碎;分裂、分解;结束、终止
bring about (great chance) revolution \ reform 带来、引起(大的变化如革命、改革等)
bring down打倒,挫伤,降低
bring forth产生,提上
bring forward提出(建议、观点等)
bring out使出现,公布,出版
bring to使恢复知觉
bring up抚养、教育
build up积累;堵塞;树立,逐步建立;增进;锻炼
burn out烧掉
burst into tears\laugh\applause放声大哭/ 大笑,爆发出雷鸣般的掌声call at (a place)拜访(某地)
call forth唤起,引起;振作起,鼓起
call for邀约;要求,需要
call off = cancel取消,放弃
call on sb.拜访(某人),号召,呼吁
call up召集,动员;打电话,使人想起
can afford sth \ to do sth能负、花、买得起
care about关心
care for喜欢,喜好;照顾
carry away 把…带走;使某人陶醉,冲昏某人头脑
carry off夺去,抢走
carry on继续
carry out贯彻,执行,完成
carry through贯彻到底,度过难关
catch a cold感冒
catch hold of紧紧抓住
catch on理解,明白
catch on (to) 理解,明白(主要指跟得上老师所讲的)
cat ch one’s eye引人注目
catch sb. doing sth撞见,发现某人正在做不好的事情
catch up with跟上,赶上
charge sb. with (doing)sth 指控某人做了不好的事(接介词with)check in办理登记手续(入住、登机);报到
check out结帐离去
check up使高兴,使振奋;高兴起来,振作起来
cheer up整理,收拾;清除,解除;解释,澄清;(天气)变晴
clear up清理;天空放晴
come to苏醒;总计
come about发生,产生
come across不期而遇
come off成功地举办
come on请,来吧;跟着来,快点;开始,来临;进展,发展;出演,上场come out显现出;出版,发表
come round(around)来访,前来;苏醒,复原
come through经历,脱险
come to总计,达到;苏醒,复原
come to a conclusion得出一个结论、协议
come true实现,达到
come up走近,上来;发生,被提出
come up to达到,符合
come up with提出(一个建议),找到(一个答案)compare to与…相比,比作…
compare with相比
concern with关心,挂念;从事于
consult sb. about sth 向某人请教、咨询
consult with sb.about sth向某人请教、咨询contribute to + n.\ doing贡献;投稿;有助于convince sb.of sth说服某人
cope with = deal with = handle应付,处理correspond to相当于
correspond with与…一致,相符合;与… 通信count in算上、包括谁
count on指望,依靠,期待
count out不包括,不算
count up把…相加
count up to累计,总数达
cover up掩饰,掩盖
cross out删去,取消
cut across抄近道
cut back削减,减少,裁减
cut down削减,裁减
cut in插嘴
cut off(突然)中止,切断(供给,来源)
cut out切去,除去(坏习惯等)
cut short突然停止
deal with处理,对付;安排
dedicate to + n.\ doing(正式地)献给
depend on指望,依靠,期待
deprive sb. of (one’s rights)剥夺某人的(权利)derive from起源,从…中得到
derive sb. of (one’s rights)剥夺某人的(权利)devote to + n.\ doing忠实于…
die down(逐渐)消亡;枯萎
die off(渐渐)消失,(植物)相继枯死
die out 彻底消失,不复存在
differ from与…不同
differ fr om in…和…在某方面不同
dig into探究,津津有味地吃
dig out挖出,查出
dig up开垦(荒地);深挖三尺,查(根底)
direct against与…作对
direct at瞄准…目标
discover意外发现(强调一种好奇的东西)distinguish…from 把…和…区分开来
divide into把整体分成部分
do away with = get rid of \ remove 消灭,除掉
do without没有…也行
draw a conclusion得出一个结论、协议
draw in = pull in(汽车、火车慢慢)进站、驶入draw up = draft起草
dress up穿上盛装,打扮得漂漂亮亮
drop by顺便来访
drop by/in顺便来访
drop in at sp.顺便走访某地
drop in on sb.顺便拜访某人
drop off减弱,减少
drop out退出
drop out of(school)辍学
drop out退出,离队
effect on sth影响(具体的)
end up(以不太好的身份、状态、境况)结束
end up in结束,结果是……
equip with用…来装备
exclude sb. from (doing) sth不让某人做某事. exclusive of不计…在内
exclusive to专为…所独有,独享
fall back on求助于
fall behind落后
fall in with符合,与…一致
fall out争吵,结果是
fall through落空,失败
far from远离;远不是,算不上,绝对没有…
feed in输入
feed on以…为食
feed with用…喂
feel at home畅快,自在
feel like摸起来感觉象…;想要做…事,后接doing feel sorry for sb对某人表示同情
figure out计算出;琢磨出,领会出
fill in the form填写表格(不一定每空必填)
fill out the form填写表格(必须不留空格,完全填满)find fault (with)抱怨,找茬儿,挑剔
find out发现(强调结果)
free from worries无忧无虑
gaze at凝视,注视
gaze at the sunrise / sunset看日出/看日落
gear (oneself) to sth.调节,调整,以适应
get accustomed to doing sth 习惯于做某事(注意to是介词)
get across使人了解;解释清楚
get along (with) 进展;过日子,生活;相处融洽
get around到处走走;消息传开
get away逃脱,离开
get by通过,经过
get by(对付着、应付着)通过
get down从…下来;写下
get down to着手进行
get down to business开始去做正经事
get down to earth脚踏实地
get free获得自由
get hold of得到,弄到,获得
get in (crops / taxes)进来;收(庄稼、税等)
get in one’s way阻挡某人的路
get in the way 成为障碍
get into进入,钻进(小汽车等)
get off下车;脱衣;动身
get on上车(需要上台阶的、跨上车子)
get out of下车,钻出来(从小汽车里)
get over +(表疾病、打击等n作宾语)(克服障碍、疾病、打击等后)恢复get the better of占上风,胜过
get through完成,到达,通过(强调通过一个过程);
get through to sb.电话接通到某人
get to = arrive at/in = reach到达
get up起床;增加,增强
get used to doing sth习惯于做某事(注意to是介词)
give an account of = report 陈述,说明
give away泄露(秘密等)
give away to给…让路;给…让步
give back送还,恢复
give in屈服,让步
give off发出(一种味道、气体、烟雾等)
give oneself away自己漏马脚
give oneself up自首,投降,投案
give out cf. hand out (人手一份的)发放,发出
give up放弃
give way to给…让步,对…让步,被…代替
go about四处闲逛;着手进行(=set/see about)
go after追求追逐
go ahead开始,前进,领先
go along with陪同前往,随行
go around/round绕…运行;以…为中心
go back on违背,背叛(朋友或语言等)
go back to追溯,上溯到
go bad变质
go by通过,经过
go down下降
go for赞成
go in for从事,追求(一种爱好)
go into进入;深入研究
go mad发疯
go off从…下来;离开,动身,开始
go on a diet节食,减肥
go on with继续
go out出去;罢工=go on a strike
go over检查,复习,再来一遍
go through经历,完成
go under下沉,沉没;失败;破产
go up上升
go well with和…很相配
go with和…搭配,和…一起
go without没有…而将就过
go wrong出毛病
hand down流传下来,传给,往下传
hand in交上,递交
hand on传下来,依次传递
hand out分发,散发,发给
hand over交出,移交,让与
hang about闲荡,徘徊,逗留
hang back犹豫,踌躇,畏缩
hang on继续
hang on to紧握住,坚持下去
hang up挂断电话
have an influence 影响(抽象的,思想的,意识形态方面的)have back要回,收回
have nothing/something to do无事可做/ 有事可做
have nothing/something to do with 与…无关/ 有关have on穿着,打扮
have to do with与…有关
have to/have got to不得不,必须
hear about听说(强调听到事情的详细过程)
hear from(通过信件、电话等)得以联络
hear of听说(泛泛地听)
help oneself自助,自取
hide sth. from sb.对某人隐瞒某事
hold back隐瞒(消息);强忍,阻止(眼泪、情感)
hold on = hang on坚持;(打电话)别挂
hold on to sth紧紧抓住,坚持
hold out维持,支持,坚持,不屈服
hold up (by the traffic jam ) 延误,耽搁(尤指交通阻塞的耽搁)hurry up赶快,迅速完成
identify oneself with与…打成一片,到…中去
improve on改进
inform sb of sth.把…事告诉某人
inform sb/inform against sb/inform on sb告发检举某人inquire into = go/look/see into追究,调查
inquire sth of sb向某人打听某事
insist on/upon…should do坚持
interfere in干涉,介入(与事搭配)
interfere with干扰(对别人做的事进行干扰)
keep back 阻止,隐瞒(情感)hold back;专制
keep down控制,压制;镇压;压低,放低
keep from阻止,抑制
keep in mind = bear in mind记住,不忘
keep off(使)不接近
keep on doing坚持
keep on/at纠缠,困扰(某人)
keep one’s resolve保持决心
keep one’s word遵守诺言
keep out of躲开,置身…之外
keep pace with保持一致
keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事
keep to保持,坚持,遵守
keep up sth保持(一种状态、水平)
keep up with向…看齐,跟上…
knock down 撞倒,拆毁(建筑)
knock out敲、击、撞到、打倒、踢出
lay aside置之一边(不理);留做储蓄
lay down制定,规定
lay out布局,设置
lead to通往;导致
lean against靠着,倚靠者
lean on = depend on = rely on依靠
leave a message留言,留口信
leave along让独自呆着,不打扰
leave behind不带,忘了带,遗留,留下
leave off中途停下来
leave ou删去,省略
lend itself to适宜于;对…有用
let alone更别提;不打扰,不惊动
let down使…失望,使人垂头丧气
let go放开,松手
let in让…进来;放…进来
let loose放开,放松,释放
let off放过,宽恕
let out放走;释放,发出
liberate sb /sth from从…中解放出来
lie in = consist in(重要性,意义)在于…方面line up排队,使排成一行
live by +方式靠…过活
live in comfort生活舒适
live on/upon靠…生活
live up to不辜负…的期望
long for/to do渴望
look after照顾,寻求
look at看
look back on回顾
look down on看不起,轻视
look down upon俯视,轻视
look for = search for = seek for寻找
look forward to (doing sth)前瞻
look in顺便看望
look into调查,研究
look on观望,旁观
look on sth as sth 把…看作…
look out = watch out向外望;注意
look over检查,查看;放过,宽恕,跳过去看look over sb’s wrong doings原谅某人的过失look sth/sb through看穿,看透
look through仔细查看,浏览,温习
look up往上看;查阅资料
look up to尊重,尊敬
lose heart失去信心
lose one’s mind失去理智
lose one’s way迷路
lose sight of没看见,失明,忽略
make a resolution to do sth决定,下决心做…make efforts/every effort to do sth尽一切努力make faces/a face做鬼脸
make for走向,有助于
make fun of取笑,嘲弄
make out理解,认出,看出;写出,开出个单子make sense有道理,讲得通
make up弥补,补足,编造,虚构,化妆
make up for补偿(损失)
make up one’s mind下决心,打定主意
manage to do sth = succeed (in)doing sth完成某事,做到某事mistake…for把…误当作
mix sth up (with sth)把…和…混在一起
mix up = confuse混淆,弄乱
occur to被想起,被想到
operate on sb for some disease给某人做手术治病
pass away去世
pass off中止,停止
pass on传递
pass out失去知觉,昏倒
pass over省略,忽视
pay attention to(有意识)注意
pay back偿付,报复
pay for sth支付款项
pay off 偿清(债务);取得成功
pay up全部付清
perform an operation on sb给…做手术
pick out挑选,辨认出
pick up捡起,接人
play with以…为消遣,玩弄
published by installments分期连载
pull down拆除= knock down
pull in(交通工具)进站,靠岸
pull off脱(帽,衣)
pull on穿戴
pull out拔出,抽出,取出;(车、船)驶出;(车辆)减速
pull up(车辆慢慢)停下
push off将船推离岸边
push one’s fortune拼命赚取财富
push one’s way往前冲
put across讲解
put an end to结束
put aside = lay aside = set aside储款
put away放好,收好,储存
put down记下;镇压,控制
put forward提出一个建议
put in驶进
put in for申请
put into effect实施,生效
put off脱下,脱掉, 推迟,延期(后常与till连用)
put on穿戴
put out熄/扑灭;出版发表(get/come out),(交通工具)出站,离岸
put up贴起来,张贴;举止;留宿
put up with忍受
put/bring into operation实施,使…运行,使生效refer to查阅,询问
refer to sth as把…看作、称作
refer to…as把…称作,把…看作
relate to有关,涉及
relieve from从…中解除
relieve sb of sth解释某人的负担
rely on = depend on依靠
resistant to耐…的,抗…的
resolve to do sth下决心做…
resort to诉诸,求助于
resort to arms诉诸武力
ring off挂断电话
rub out擦掉,拭去
run across (sth)偶尔发现
run away逃跑
run down撞到
run for竞选
run into (sb)偶然撞上,不期而遇
run off复印,打字
run out of用完耗尽
run over碾过,溢出,匆匆看一眼
run short of缺乏,短缺
search for = look/seek for寻找(强调过程)see (to it) that确保,保证做到
see about = go/set about处理
see after = look after照顾,寻求
see into = look/go into调查,研究
see off送行
see through看穿,看透
see to注意,负责,照料,修理
send for函索
send in呈报,递交,送来
send off寄发(大批的东西)
separate from把…和…分开(分居,区分开)serve as起…作用,担任
serve as a model 作为榜样
serve one’s need 满足某人需要
serve the people为人民服务
set about开始,着手做
set aside = put/lay aside储蓄
set back推迟,延缓,阻碍
set down卸下,放下,记下,记入
set forth阐明,提出
set off/out出发
set out to打算,着手
set sb. free释放某人
set up拾起,建立,组建,设立,安排
set/write/put down写下,记下
settle down安居,平息
shade from免受…的照射(阳光)
shake off摆脱,甩掉
shelter from保护某人不受(灾难,风雨)打击show in领入
show off炫耀
show up露面
shut down关窗帘
shut off关闭(煤气,电)
shut out排除
sigh up for参加俱乐部;注册,学习一门课程
sit around到处闲坐,消磨时间
sit for参加
sit in列席,旁听
sit up迟睡,熬夜
sleep late早上很晚不起床
smell of闻到…的香味
so far (so good)迄今为止(一切都好)
speak for替某人讲话
speak of谈及
speak on详细的阐述
speak out大胆得讲,不受约束的讲
speak up one’s mind讲出某人的心里话
speed up使加速
spend money/time on sth在某事上花费时间,金钱spend time doing sth花费时间做某事(主语是人)stand by袖手旁观
stand for代表,指的是
stand out显眼,与众不同
stand up站起来,耐用
stand up for 维护
stand up to(text)经得住(考验)
step by step 逐步地
step down走下去,降职
step in插入,介入
step up逐步,增加
stick out伸出
stick to坚守,坚持
strip sb of sth剥夺某人的…
substitute for替换,代替
suffer from受…的苦
switch off/on关上、打开
take …as把…作为
take a/the chance 冒风险,碰运气
take advantage of 利用,趁机
take after与…相象
take apart拆开
take away消除,消耗
take back收回,带回
take care of照料
take down记录下
take for = mistake for 把误认为…
take in欺骗,吸收,接受,招收
take into account = take into consider考虑,重视take off脱衣服;飞机起飞
take on承担,雇佣
take over (大的权力责任的)接管,接任
take pains刻苦,努力
take place发生
take sb in欺骗某人
take steps采取措施
take the lead带头,领先
take the trouble to do不辞劳苦的去做
take to喜欢,亲近
take turns轮流交替
take up从事,开始做;占据(时间空间)
tend to do往往倾向于做
think better of改变主意,重新考虑
thin k of …as把…看作是
think over仔细考虑
throw away扔掉,抛弃
touch on关系到,涉及
touch up润色,改造
try on试穿,试用
try out(药)试用
turn down拒绝,调低音量
turn in递交
turn into变成
turn off熄灭,关闭
turn on打开
turn out熄灭,关闭
turn over转过来,思考,考虑,移交,转交turn to求助于
turn up 露面,找到
vary between…and…在…和…之间
vary f rom… to从…到…不等
vote against投票反对
vote for投票选举
wait for等待
wait on sb服侍,侍奉某人
warm up变热
watch out for 提防,密切的注视
wear off逐渐消失
wear out用破,用坏,磨损,耗尽,使筋疲力尽wipe out擦去,抹去,消灭,毁灭
work at sth致力于,从事于
work out找到答案,解决,算出
work up引起,激起;逐渐上升,向上爬
write off报销,勾销,注销
名词词组固定搭配
by accident偶然
on account of因为,由于
in addition另外
in addition to除…之外
in the air在流行中,在传播中
on (the/an) average平均,一般来说
on the basis of根据,在…的基础上
at (the) best充其量,至多
for the better好转,改善
on board在船(车、飞机)上
out of breath喘不过气来,上气不接下气
on business因公,公事
in any case无论如何,总之
in case of假使,万一
in case假如,以防(万一),免得
in no case决不
by chance偶然,碰巧
in charge (of)负责,主管
(a) round the clock昼夜不停地
in common共用,共有,共同
in conclusion最后,总之
on condition that在…条件下
in confidence信任
in connection with/to关于
in consequence因此,结果
in consequence of由于…的缘故
on the contrary反之,正相反
in contrast with/to与…成对照
out of control失去控制
under control被控制
at all costs无论如何,不惜任何代价at the cost of以…为代价
in the curse of在过程中,在…期间of course当然
in danger在危险中
out of danger脱离危险
out of date过期的,过时的
up to date时新的
in dept欠债
in detail详细地
in difficulties处境困难
in the distance在远处
off duty下班
on duty值班,上班
on earth究竟,到底
at all events无论如何
in any event无论如何
in effect有效,实际上
in the event of万一,如果发生
for example例如
with the exception of除…之外
in the face of面对,在…面前
in fact其实,实际上
on fire烧着
on foot步行
in force有效,实施中
in favor of有利于,便于;赞成,支持in front of在…面前
in (the) future今后,将来
on guard警惕,防范
in general通常,大体上
in half成两半
at hand在手边,在附近,即将到来by hand用手
hand in hand手拉手
in hand在掌握中,在控制中
on hand在手边,临近
on (the) one hand一方面…
on the other hand另一方面…
at heart在内心;实质上
by heart牢记,凭记忆
at home在家,在国内
in honor of以纪念,向…表示敬意on one’s honor以名誉担保
in a hurry匆忙地,立即
for instance假如,举例说
at intervals不时,时时
at last最终,终于
at least至少,最低限度
in the least一点,丝毫
at length终于,最后,详细地
in the light of按照,根据
in line成一直线,排成一行
in line with和成直线,与…一致
at a loss困惑,不知所措
as a matter of fact其实,事实上by all means无论如何,必定
by no means决不
in memory of纪念
at the mercy of在…支配下
by mistake错误地
at the moment现在,此刻
for a moment片刻,一会儿
in a moment立刻,马上
in nature本质上
on occasion有时,不时
in order秩序井然,整齐
in order to以便,为了
in order that以便
out of order发生故障,失调
on one’s own独自地,独立地
in particular特别地,尤其,详细地in the past在过去,以往
in person亲自
in place在适当位置
in place of代替
in the first place起初,首先
in the last place最后
out of place不得其所的,不适当的on the point即将…的时候
to the point切中要害,切题
in practice在实际中,实际上
out of practice久不练习
at present目前,现在
for the present目前,暂时
in proportion to与…成比例的
in public公开地,当众
for (the) purpose of为了
on purpose故意,有意
with the purpose of为了
in question正在考虑
at any rate无论如何,至少
by reason of由于
as regards关于,至于
with / in regard to对于,就…而论
in / with relation to关系到
with respect to关于
as a result结果,因此
as a result of由于…的结果
in return作为报答,作为回报
on the road在旅途中
as a rule规章,规则;通常,照例
in the long run最终,从长远观点看
for the sake of为了…起见,看在…份上
on sale出售,贱卖
on a large scale大规模地
on a small scale小规模地
in secret秘密地,私下地
in a sense从某种意义上说
in shape处于良好状态
on the side作为兼职,额外
at first sight乍一看,初看起来
in sight被看到,在视野之内
out of sight看不见,在视野之外
in spite of不管,不顾;尽管,虽然
on the spot当场,在现场
in step同步,合拍
out of step步调不一致,不协调
in stock现有,备有
in sum总而言之
in tears流着泪,含泪,哭
in terms of依据,按照;用…措辞
for one thing首先,一则
on the second thoughts经重新考虑,一转念at a time每次,一次
at no time从不,决不
at one time同时,曾经
at the same time但是,然而at times有时
for the time being目前,暂时from time to time有时,不时in no time立即,马上
in time及时,适时地
on time准时
on top of在…之上
out of touch 失去联系
in truth事实上,实际上,的确try on试穿
by turns轮流,交替地
in turn依次,轮流
in vain徒劳,无效
a variety of种种,各种
by virtue of由于
by the way顺便提一下
by way of经由,经过…方式
in a way在某点,在某种程度上in no way决不
in the way of妨碍
in one’s/ the way妨碍,阻碍after a while过了一会儿,不久for a while暂时,一时
on the whole总得来说
in a word总而言之
at work在工作中,忙于
out of work失业
in a world到底,究竟。