土建英语词汇

土建英语词汇Civil English Glossary
一、设计专业
工艺（专业）：process design/engineering
系统（专业）：systems engineering
设备（专业）：equipment engineering
布置（专业）：plant layout engineering
管道设计（专业）：piping design
管道机械（专业）：piping mechanical engineering
仪表（专业）：instruments engineering
电气（专业）：electrical engineering
建筑（专业）：architectural
土建（专业）：civil engineering
设计阶段：engineering phase
基础工程设计阶段：
basic engineering phase
详细工程设计阶段：
detailed engineering phase
二、图纸
扬子石化—巴斯夫有限责任公司
BASF-YPC Company Limited
一体化石化项目—中国，南京
IPS PROJECT—NANJING，CHINA
中国石化洛阳石油化工工程公司：
SINOPEC LUOY ANG PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING CORP.
中海壳牌南海石化项目：
CSPC NANHAI PETROCHEMICALS PROJECT
丽东芳烃项目：
LIDONG AROMATICS COMPLEX PROJECT 冷却塔（南区）：
COOLING TOWERS （SOUTH）
施工图纸：working drawing, construction drawing
工艺装置：process unit
工艺流程图：process flow diagram [PED]
装置布置图：plot plan
会签：inter discipline check
图号：DWG NO.
资质等级grade of qualification
设计：designed by
校对：checked by
审核：supervisor
附注：notes
图例：legend
剖面：section
平面图：layout plan
立面图：elevation
结构布置图：structure plan
配筋图：reinforcing plan
模板图：form plan
三、结构
基础：foundation
基础梁：foundation beam
桩基础：pile foundation
桩承台：pile capping
打桩机：pile driver
振动打桩机：vibratory driver
打桩：pile driving
Z2101泵吸水池详图：pump basin detail for
Z2101
冷却塔水池：Cooling tower basin
池壁：wall
伸缩缝：expansion and contraction joint
底板：bottom slab
水池顶板：basin top slab
风机基础详图：fan foundation detail
现浇墙板：cast-in-place wall panel
预制墙板：pre-cast wall panel
钢筋混凝土框架：
reinforced concrete frame
钢筋混凝土柱：
reinforced concrete column
牛腿：bracket
钢筋混凝土现浇板：cast-in-place
reinforced concrete slab
地下管道：underground trench
斜梁：stringer
平台梁：beams of platform
悬臂梁：cantilever beam
女儿墙：parapet
人孔盖板：manhole cover
集水坑；catchment pit
溢流槽：flood relief channel
爬梯：ladder
pretensioned spun concrete piles
先张法预应力混凝土管桩
四、材料
预埋件embedded plate
钢板steel plate
钢圆环：steel ring plate
雨水篦子板：rain water grating
钢筋reinforcing bar
热轧光圆钢筋：hot rolled plain steel bars 热轧带肋钢筋：hot rolled ribbed steel bars I 级：grade I
插筋：anchor rebar
钢筋锚固长度：bond length of rebars
钢筋搭接：bar splicing
箍筋：stirrup
纵向钢筋：longitudinal bar
弯起钢筋，元宝筋：bend bar
钢筋间距：rod spacing
搭接长度：overlapping length 不锈钢栏杆：stainless steel handrail
支架：support
电缆槽盒支架：cable trench support
仪表槽盒支架：instrument trench support 螺母：nut
锚栓：anchor bolt
M30六角螺帽：M30 six angle screw cap
外露100，丝扣80：outcrop 100, thread 80 地脚螺栓，基础螺栓：foundation bolt
垫片：washer
间隔布置：interval set
早强剂：early-strength admixture
防冻附加剂：antifreeze admixture
混凝土：C40 concrete: class：40
细石混凝土：fine aggregate concrete
配合比：mixture ratio
抗渗等级：P8 seepage class:：P8
抗压强度：compression strength
混凝土保护层厚度：minimum concrete cover 砂：sand
卵石：pebble
碎石：crushed stone
砾石：gravel
骨料：aggregate
水泥：cement
普通硅酸盐水泥：
ordinary portland cement
粘土砖：clay brick
垫层：cushion
装饰工程（抹灰、涂料、刷浆）
1：2水泥砂浆20厚：
1：2 cenment mortar thickness 20mm
找平层：leveling blacket
抹灰：plastering
抹平，找平：screeding
抹光，压光：trowel finish
抹子：trowel
抹灰底层：rendering coat
抹灰罩面层：setting coat
灌缝：grout
填料：filling
收水器：drift eliminator
工艺管道：process pipe
套管：pipe sleeve
壁厚：wall thickness
翼环：plate ring
石棉水泥：asbestos cement
油麻：oil-- hemp
橡胶止水带：rubber water stop
密封胶：joint sealant
填缝板：joint filler
沥青涂层：asphalt coating
镀锌铁皮：galvanized iron sheet
五、测量
轴线：axes
坐标：coordinate
标高：elevation; datum mark
中心标高：center elevation
相对标高：relative elevation
绝对标高：absolute elevation
平面控制：plane control
高程控制：elevation control
经纬仪：transit
水准仪：surveyor’s level
水准点：bench mark
基准点，标高：datum mark
坐标控制点：the coordinate control points 测杆：surveying rod
钢卷尺：steel tape
六、项目管理
项目经理：Project Manager
设计经理：Engineering Manager
施工经理：Construction Manager
QA/QC经理：QA/QC Manager
HSE经理：HSE Manager
采购经理：Procurement Manager 控制经理：Control Manager
承包商: contractor
分包商: Subcontractor
分包合同：subcontract
项目计划：project plan
（项目）设计计划：(project) engineering plan （项目）采购计划：(project) procurement plan （项目）施工计划：(project) construction plan （项目）开车计划：(project) start-up plan
项目主进度计划：project master schedule
详细进度计划：detailed schedule
进度控制：schedule control; progress control
进度提前：ahead of schedule
进度拖延：schedule delay
开车：start-up
试车：commissioning
投料试车：start-up; test run; initial operations 用户验收，装置验收：client acceptance; plant acceptance
七、招标、投标、合同
投标书: Form of Bid
签署人：Signed by
投标文件：The Bid Documents
商务标：confidential commercial bid
技术标：Technical Bid
报价表：Cost Breakdown Sheet
投标确认书：Form of acknowlegement
投标邀请函（招标文件）：ITB Documents
投标邀请函:invitation to bid
第一部分(节) : sectionⅠ.
给投标人的指令：instruction to bidder section Ⅱ.
合同协议书（草案）：
contract agreement(draft)
section Ⅲ.
合同条件：conditions of contract
section Ⅳ.
合同附件：Appendix for the contract
投标保函：bid bond
履约保函：performance bind
履约担保书：performance bank guarantee
授权委托书：power of attorney
委托代理人（被授权人）：Signature of Attorney 法定代表人（授权人）：Signature of legal representative
合同生效日期：effective date of the contract
合同终止：termination of contract
合同失效：frustration of contract
总价合同：lump-sum contract【L-S】
（固定）单价合同：(fixed) unit price contract 偿付合同，成本加酬金合同：(cost) reimbursable contract; cost-plus(fee) contract 【C-P】
预付款：advance payment; down payment
保留金：retentin money
最终付款：final payment
未可预见费：contingency
八、施工
开工会议：kick-off meeting
施工组织设计：construction execution plan
施工技术方案：technical proposal
工期：construction period
施工阶段：construction stage (phase)
施工进度：construction progress
工程进度款：progress payment
工程量：quantities
工程造价：construction cost
工程预算：construction budget
工日：man-day
工时：man-hour
工地, 施工现场：
building site, construction site
安装工程：installation work
安装费：installation expenses
施工单位：construction unit
安全帽：protective cap，safety helmet
安全带：protecting band, safety belt
久、施工机械设备
挖掘：excavate 挖土机：excavator
履带式推土机：crawler dozer
履带式起重机：crawler crane
反铲挖土机：back digger
挖沟机：trench digger
铲运机：scraper
压路机：road roller
翻斗车：tipping skip
自卸卡车：dumping truck
洒水车：sprinkler
土方工程：earth work
回填：back fill
蛙式打夯机：frog rammer
基坑：foundation pit
钢筋切断机：bar cutter
钢筋弯曲机：angle--bender
调直机：straightener
十、地基处理
地基处理：ground treatment
复合地基：
地基承载力特征值：
换填垫层法：
强夯：dynamic compaction
振冲碎石桩：VCS. Piles (vibroflotation crushed stone piles)
十一、砼工程
脚手架：scaffold
单排竖管脚手架：putlog scaffold
双排竖管脚手架：independent scaffold
管子脚手架：pipe scaffold
满堂脚手架：full framing
立杆：the standing pole
扫地杆：ground bars
横杆：ledger
防护栏：protective barrier,
guard rail
脚手板：scaffold board
扣件：coupler
十字扣件：double coupler
旋转扣件：swivel coupler
套筒扣件：sleeve coupler
隔离剂：isolating agent
钢筋加工：rebar fabrication
钢筋连接：stell rebar connection 铁丝：iron wire
绑扎lashing
搭接：lap
搭接接头：lap joint 焊接：welding
焊接接头：welded joint
搭接焊：lap welding
砂浆垫块mortar block
制模，模板工程formwork
模板：form
组合钢模板：combined steel formwork
模板配板：formplate configuration
模板支设：formplate erection
模板接缝：the formplate joint
安装偏差：installation deviation
起拱：arch camber
模板拆除：formwork removel
浇灌混凝土：cast concrete, placing concrete, depositing concrete,
concrete pouring
泵送混凝土：pumping of concrete
混凝土中心搅拌站：centralized concrete
mixing plant
混凝土搅拌汽车；concrete mixer truck
混凝土搅拌: concrete agitation
振捣混凝土：vibrated concrete
插入式振捣器：insertion type vibrator
平板振动器：plate vibrator
抹子，泥刀：trowel
抹灰，抹光：troweling
坍落度：slump
两组试块：two sets of testing blocks
混凝土见证取样：witness sampling of concrete 混凝土施工缝处理：
treatment of concrete construction joint
初凝：initial set
初凝时间：initial setting time
终凝：final set
终凝时间：final setting time 拆除模板：form removel, form stripping 混凝土养护concrete curing
草垫：straw mattress
加热器：heater
温度计：thermometer
回填back fill
回填夯实backfill consolidation
十二、钢结构
钢结构：steel structure
涂层：coating
油漆，涂料：paint
底漆：paint primer
中间漆：intermediate painting
面漆：fanish coat
透底：disclosure
流坠：hanging
皱皮：wrinkle
漏涂：miss painting
返锈：rust again
漆膜厚度：film thickness
结构构件：structural member
桁架：russt
垂直支撑：vertical bracing
小立柱：post
WA325钢格板：W A325 grating
斜梁：stringer
踏步板：treads
踏步钢格板：grating for stair tread
钢梯：steel stairway
斜梯栏杆：guard rails
不锈钢栏杆：stainless steel handrail 平台栏杆：GR of platform
胀锚螺栓：expansion bolts 预制场地：prefabrication area 原材料：raw material
半成品：semi-finished goods
切割：cutting
打磨坡口：grinding
除锈：remove rust, cleaning
喷砂：sand blasting
型钢：section steel
热轧工字钢：hot-rolled I-beam steel
热轧槽钢：hot-rolled channel steel
热轧H型钢：hot-rolled H steel
热轧钢板：hot-rolled plates
热轧等边角钢：hot-rolled equal-leg angle steel 热轧不等边角钢：hot-rolled unequal-leg angle
steel
无缝钢管：seamless steel pipes
不锈钢板：stainless steel plate
扁钢：strap steel
垂直度：verticality
分片组装：be assembled by sections
现场成框：framed at site
焊缝：weld seam
焊缝高度：weld height
焊缝长度：weld length
V型和U型坡口：
V-type and U-type bevel
焊枪：welding gun
焊机：welding machine
焊炬：welding torch
气焊：gas welding
电焊：electric welding
手工焊：hand welding
自动和半自动电弧焊：
automatic and semi-automatic welding
对焊：butt welding
角焊缝：fillet
焊条：weld rod, electrode 断续焊接：gap welding
针孔：pinhole
裂纹：crack
夹渣：slag
烧穿：burning out
咬边：undercut
漏焊：losing welding
未焊透：lack of fusion
弧坑：concavity [ ⏹♊✌♓♦♓]
磨光机：grinding machine
打磨：grind
半自动切割机：
semi-automatic welding machine
火焰切割：torchcutting
机械钻孔：drill by machine
焊条保温筒：rod oven
喷砂除锈：the sand blasting
高强度大六角头螺栓连接副：
set of big hexagonal high-strength bolt
抗滑移系数：slide coefficient of faying
surface
扭矩系数：torsional moment coefficient
扭矩扳手：torsional moment wrench
电子轴力计：electronics ergometer
万能材料试验机：testing machine
终拧扭矩：final torsional moment (N.m)
预拉力：prestressed
十三、蓄水试验
蓄水试验water filling test
水深：water depth
允许渗水量（L/m2· d）：
bleed-off allowance
水面面积：water level area
湿润面积：wet area
测读时间：reading time
初读；start reading
末读：end reading
水位测针读数：water level meter reading 蒸发水箱水位测针读数：
water level meter reading
in the evaporation water box
大气温度：atmosphere temperature 水温：water temperature
实际渗水量（L/m2· d）：
actual water bleed-off
十四、地基检测
青岛芳烃工程岩土工程勘察报告（2004堪-02）：
the geotechnical investigation report in Qingdao aromatics complex project(2004kan-02)
桩基低应变动力检测报告：
inspection report of low stain dynamic testing of pile
基桩高应变动力检测high strain dynamic testing of piles
单桩静载试验static test of single pile
单桩竖向抗压静载试验vertical compression bearing capacity static test for single pile 单桩水平静载试验：lateral bearing capacity static test for single pile
单桩竖向抗拔静载试验：vertical up-lifting bearing capacity static test for single pile
单桩竖向抗压极限承载力：vertical ultimate compress bearing capacity for a single pile 桩侧摩阻力：skin friction resistance
桩端阻力：end bearing resistance
单桩水平极限承载力：ultimate lateral bearing capacity for a single pile
桩顶水平位移：lateral displacement
单桩竖向抗拔极限承载力：ultimate vertical up-lifting bearing capacity for a single pile 工程地质概况：engineering conditions of soils
素填土：Plain Fill
粉质粘土：Silty Clay
粉土：Silt
淤泥质粉质粘土：Sludgy Silty Clay
粉砂：Silty Sand
中粗砂medium sand
中细砂fine sand
高压缩性：high compressibility
中等压缩性：medium compressibility 低压缩性：low compressibility 可塑~硬塑状态：plastic-hard plastic
流塑状态：flow plastic
局部软塑状态：partly soft plastic
饱和saturated
松散incompact
泥质粉砂岩：Muddy Silty stone
粉砂质泥岩：Silty mudstone
泥岩：Mudstone
强风化：high weathered
中等风化：medium weathered
反射波法：method of reflection wave
波形曲线变化特征：
change characteristics of wave curve 轻微裂缝：slight defective pile
桩身完整：pile of body integrity
缺陷：defect
断桩：breakage of pile
扩颈：enlargement of pile diameter
缩颈：pile diameter reduction
夹泥：slurry mixture
离析：concrete segregation 十五、质量检查验收
质量控制点：quality control point
地基验槽：ground inspection
平面放线：plane setting out
钢筋验收：steel rebar acceptance inspection
模板验收：formplate acceptance inspection 混凝土见证取样：witness sampling of concrete 混凝土结构分部工程验收：
acceptance inspection of divisional
work for concrete structure
十六、交工技术文件
交工技术文件technical document for construction completion
工程材料：construction material
出厂合格证：Ex-work quality certificate
钢材性能检测报告：steel material performance
testing report
钢材试验报告：steel testing report
inspection 十七、办公用品
订书机stapler
订书钉staple
复印机copier,
copy machine, photocopier 复印纸copying paper
打印机printer
土
建专业常用规范：
◆《先张法预应力混凝土管桩》(GB13476-1999)
Pretensioned spun concrete piles(GB13476-1999)
◆《预应力混凝土管桩》(03SG409)Prestressed spun concrete piles (03SG409)
◆《建筑桩基技术规范》(JGJ94-94)
Technical code for building pile foundation (JGJ94-94)
◆《混凝土质量控制标准》(GB50164-1992)
Standard of Concrete Quality Control (GB50164-1992)
◆《建筑地基基础设计规范》(GB 50007-2002)
Code for design of building foundation (GB50007-2002)
◆《建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范》(GB 50202-2002)
Code for acceptance of construction quality of foundation engineering (GB 50202-2002) ◆《建筑地基处理技术规范》(JGJ79-2002 J220-2002)
Technical code for ground treatment of buildings
◆《建筑基桩检测技术规范》 Technical code for testing of building foundation piles (JGJ106-2003 J256-2003)
◆《基桩低应变动力检测规程》(JGJ/T 93-95)
Specification for low strain dynamic testing of piles (JGJ/T 93-95)
◆《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》(GB 50204-2002)
Code for acceptance of construction quality of concrete structures (GB 50204-2002) ◆《建筑防腐蚀工程施工及验收规范》(GB 50212-2002) Code for construction and acceptance
of building corrosion prevention works (GB-50212-2002)
◆《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》(GB50300-2001)
Unified standard for constructional quality acceptance of building engineering
◆《钢结构工程施工质量验收规范》(GB 50205-2001)
Code for acceptance of construction quality of steel structures
◆《建筑钢结构焊接技术规程》(JGJ81-2002)
Technical specification for Welding of steel structure of building
十八、现场
1．That construction site is very dangerous.
Keep away from it. 建筑工地很危险，不要靠近。

2. The accident took place here last week. 上星期那起意外事故就发生在这儿。

十九、工作
1．I’m clueless as to how to set about our project. 对于我们的计划要如何开始着手，我完全没有主意。

2．What’s going on in the office? 办公室里有些什么事情？
3．We’ll go by what the boss says. 我们会照老板的话去做。

4. The plan went off without a hitch. 计划进行得很顺利。

6．We must do away with the old policies and come up with new ones. 我们必须扬弃旧政策，并研究拟定出新的来。

7. Time really goes by fast. 时间过得真快。

8. I am very satisfied with my current job.
我很满意目前的工作。

9. How are you getting along with your job? 你工作进行得如何？
10．I will get through my project by Friday.我会在周五前完成我的计划方案。

11. I couldn’t get through because your phone was busy. 你的电话占线，所以我无法联络到你。

12．Let’s set aside our differences and work together. 我们暂时先把争议放到一旁一起合作吧。

13．How did the blood test come out? 验血结果如何？
二十、施工现场
1. The power went off last night. 昨晚停电了。

2．You’re not supposed to smoke in here.你不应该在这里抽烟。

二十一、开会
1．Our manager put the meeting back two hours. 我们经理把会议推后了两小时。

2. Can we put off our meeting until next week? 我们可以把会议延期到下周吗？
二十二、开车
1．We can get on the bus now. 我们现在可以上车了。

2. People say that Tom had something to do with the car accident. 据说汤姆和那起车祸有关。