Jumboversusthepolice小象对警察-新概念英语第二册自学导读笔记第65课

新概念英语第⼆册第65课课⽂知识点 further notes on the text
1．jumbo versus the police,（标题）⼩象对警察。

versus表了竞赛等中"……对……"：
have you watched the game last night? it was france versus italy.昨天晚上的⽐赛你看了吗？是法国队对意⼤利队。

2．dressed up as father christmas and accompanied by a'guard of honour'of six pretty girls, he set off down the main street of the city riding a baby elephant called jumbo. 他打扮成圣诞⽼⼈，在由6个漂亮姑娘组成的"仪仗队"的陪同下，骑上⼀头名叫江伯的⼩象，沿着城⾥的主要街道出发了。

（1）dress up as表⽰"装扮成……（的样⼦）"，这⾥的 dressed 有表⽰状态的含义。

（2）在英国英语中，圣诞⽼⼈通常⽤ father christmas表⽰。

father⼤写可表⽰对⽼⼈的⼀种尊称：father baker（贝克⼤爷／⽼爹）。

（3）accompany (vt.)的主要含义是"陪伴"、"陪同"：
jane accompanied her mother to the theatre last night.昨天晚上，简陪她母亲去看戏了。

when i saw her yesterday, she was accompanied by her boyfriend.昨天我见到她时，她正由她的男朋友陪着。

（4）guard of honour指"仪仗队"， guard可表⽰"（⼀队）警卫队"、"（⼀队）卫兵／哨兵"等。

of six pretty girls中的 of表⽰"由……组成的"：
a group of six chinese boys took part in the competition.⼀个由6名中国男孩组成的⼩组参加了这次竞赛。

（5）down在这⾥是介词，表⽰"沿"、"顺"、"循"的意思：
just walk down the street and you'll see the post office.⼀直沿着这条街⾛，你就会看到邮局。

（6）baby可作形容词，表⽰"幼⼩的"、"⼩的"、"⼩型的"等含义：
she likes to watch baby dogs.她喜欢观看⼩狗。

she has a baby car.她有⼀辆微型汽车。

3．…jumbo was holding up the traffic. ……江伯阻碍了交通。

hold up 为固定短语，其含义之⼀为"阻⽌"、"使停顿"、"延误"、"阻碍"：
if you park the car in the street, it'll hold up the traffic.如果你把车停在街上，它将会阻碍交通。

4．to get him off the main street, 把它推离主要街道。

get off在这⾥表⽰"从……移去／除去"：
please get the box off the boat.请把那箱⼦从⼩船上弄下来。

5．…they were most amused.……他们感到很有趣。

most 在这⾥相当于very。

6．…but as he has a good record, we shall let him off this time. ……但由于它⼀贯表现很好，这次我们饶了它。

let…off 表⽰"放过"、"饶过"、"对……从轻处理"。

record 可表⽰"履历"、"历史"或"成绩"等：
her record as a secretary in the firm isn't very good.她在这家公司当秘书时表现不太好。

dan made a good/ poor record in school.丹上学时成绩很好／不佳。

the thief has a long record.这⼩偷有⼀长串犯罪记录。

新概念英语第⼆册第65课语法知识点 grammar in use
表⽰"应该"和"必须"的情态助动词 should, ought, have to 与must
（1）在第17课的语法中，我们学习了表⽰不可逃避的义务或表⽰"必须"的must。

must通常只⽤于现在时和将来时，其他时态则⽤ have to代替。

have to⽐ must往往更强调客观的要求或外在的原因：
in the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings.演出时她必须穿⼀条鲜红⾊的裙⼦和⿊⾊的长筒袜。

last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress.去年在演另⼀个剧时，她不得不穿短袜和⼀件鲜艳的橘红⾊的⾐服。

（2）should 和 ought to都可译为"应该"，表⽰义务、责任或某个正确的⾏为。

ought to⽐ should语⽓略强些，多⽤于肯定句；疑问句与否定结构则多⽤ should。

与它们相⽐， must和 have to 的语⽓要强得多，没有选择余地：
（3）had to表⽰过去必须做某事，⽽ should／ought to+have+过去分词则表⽰过去应该做（或完成）⽽没有做的事
新概念英语第⼆册第65课词汇学习 word study
1．let
let ⼀般作及物动词，主要含义是"允许"、"让"，后⾯可以跟不同的⼩品词，有时意义变化不⼤，有时则变化较⼤。

（1）let in的含义之⼀是"允许进来"：
the woman who let me in had a baby in her arms.开门让我进来的那位妇⼥抱着⼀个孩⼦。

（2）let out的含义之⼀是"放⾛"、"释放"、"放出去"：
you shouldn't have let the thief out.你不该把⼩偷放⾛。

every evening they let the dog out.他们每天傍晚把狗放出去。

（3）let off可以表⽰"放过"、"饶过"、"宽恕"、"对……从轻处理"：
i think we shall let him off this time.我想这次我们饶了他。

the thief never dreamt that the police would let him off.⼩偷从未想到警察会对他从轻处理。

（4）let down可以表⽰"使……失望"或"（在紧要关头）抛弃"等：
they need your help. don't let them down.他们需要你的帮助。

别让他们失望。

he failed in the exam again and his parents felt let down.他考试⼜没及格，他⽗母觉得很失望。

2．agree 与 accept
（1）agree(vi.) 的主要含义是"同意（计划、建议等）"，常与to和with连⽤：
i agree with you.我同意你的意见。

they invited me to their wedding and i've agreed to go.他们邀请我参加他们的婚礼，我已同意参加。

（2）accept主要作及物动词，表⽰"接受"、"收受"等：
she offered me some of her children's clothes and i accepted them.她给了我⼀些她孩⼦们的⾐服，我接受了。

（3）当 accept 表⽰"同意"、"接受"时，其含义与agree有相似之处，但⽤法不同：
i don't accept your opinion/ agree with your opinion.我不同意你的观点。

3．dress 与dress up
（1）dress (vt., vi.)表⽰"穿⾐"、"打扮"：
he did not like the way she was dressed.他不喜欢她的那副打扮。

she returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat.第⼆天上午，她⼜来到这家商店，穿了⼀件裘⽪⼤⾐。

tom has nearly learned how to dress/ dress himself now.汤姆现在已差不多学会如何穿⾐了。

（2）dress up表⽰"穿上盛装"、"精⼼打扮"、"装扮（成……）"等：is everyone required to dress up for this party?这个晚会要求⼤家都穿礼服吗？
he dressed up as father christmas.他装扮成圣诞⽼⼈。

新概念英语第⼆册第65课课后练习答案 key to written exercises 1．关键句型练习答案
c 1 shoul
d (or ought to) come
2 had to do
3 should (or ought to) have come
4 should (or ought to) have asked
5 had to explain
2．难点练习答案
1 accepted…off
2 dress up…down
3．多项选择题答案
1 a 2d 3b 4b 5c 6a
7 a 8 d 9 c 10 c 11b 12 d。