专业英语四级模拟试卷636(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级模拟试卷636(题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. DICTATION 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 3. LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE 4. CLOZE 5. READING COMPREHENSION 6. WRITING
PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.
1．
正确答案：The Impact of Parents’Work Stress on Family’s Nutrition The more stressed parents are at work, / the greater the burden on their family. / It’s not a surprise that / this dynamic can negatively affect a family’s nutrition. / Moms’work-related stress / is still a central factor in how well families eat / because they typically do most of the food shopping and cooking. / But dads’ work-related stress has a large impact, too. / Teaching kids, especially teenagers, to help with cooking / could be important in helping families improve their eating habits.
解析：本文主题是父母的工作压力对家庭饮食的影响。

文中出现的难词主要有burden，dynamic，negatively，nutrition。

此外，第二句中的affect a family’s nutrition要注意affect的拼写，另外也要注意family后面所有格的书写。

第三句和第四中有moms’和dads’两处所有格形式，要注意拼写。

最后一句中的especially teenagers是插入语成分，故前后都加上逗号来分隔。

PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.
听力原文：Suggestopedia Good morning, everyone. As a language learner, there are so many approaches to learn a foreign language. In today’s lecture, we will talk about an excellent way to learn a language, which is called suggestopedia. The term “suggestopedia”, derived from suggestion and pedagogy, is often used loosely to refer to similar accelerated learning approaches. So it is often claimed that(1)it can teach languages approximately three times as quickly as conventional methods. (2)Some of the key elements of suggestopedia include a rich sensory learning environment, a positive expectation of success and the use of a varied range
of methods. And it adopts a carefully structured approach, using four main stages as follows.(3)The first stage is presentation. In this stage, students are helped to relax and move into a positive frame of mind, with the feeling that the learning is going to be easy and fun. The second stage is called “Active Concert”. This involves the active presentation of the material to be learnt. For example, in a foreign language course, there might be the dramatic reading of a piece of text accompanied by classical music. The third stage is passive review. In this section, the students are now invited to relax and listen to some Baroque music, with the text being read very quietly in the background. The music is specially selected to bring the students into the optimum mental state for the effortless acquisition of the material.(4)The last stage is practice.
A range of games and puzzles will be used to review and consolidate the learning. Then what should be paid attention to? The first aspect is the music. The music should have slow tempo, regular patterns,(5)voices and instruments should not stand out against the orchestra, because they are likely to distract the students. Ideally, the orchestra must have a neutral color—that is why the best choice is string orchestras. That is to say, the intonation and rhythm need to be coordinated with a musical background which will help to induce a relaxed attitude. The second aspect is the teacher. The teacher in a suggestopedic course not only radiates effective suggestive stimulation, but also coordinates environmental suggestive stimulation in a positive way for students to learn. What should a teacher do?(6)Firstly, they should cover a huge bulk of learning materials in class. Secondly, they can structure the materials in the suggestopedic way, which means they have to put the materials in golden proportion.(7)Thirdly, they should be highly prestigious, reliable and credible. Lastly, teachers usually act as authority and security in this learning method. They should be confident and trustworthy to their students and afford a cheerful classroom atmosphere.(8)The third aspect that we should pay attention to is the activities.(9)The activities consist of acting out portions of the text, singing specially prepared songs and playing games, telling stories, carrying on short conversations and psycho-dramas. It is true that if we can use some of the suggestopedic methods in learning a foreign language, it will greatly accelerate our students’ progress.(10)Certain elements of the approach can be taken and incorporated into the more comprehensive approach to language teaching widely in evidence today.
Suggestopedia I. IntroductionA. Derived from suggestion and pedagogyB. Accelerating the learning speed to about【T1】of the conventional methods【T1】______II. The key elements and four main stagesA. The key elements:—a rich sensory learning environment —a positive expectation of success-【T2】【T2】______B. The four stages:-【T3】【T3】______—Active Concert—passive review-【T4】【T4】______III. Factors we should pay attention toA. Music:—slow tempo, regular patterns—voices and instruments should coordinate with orchestra so that students can be【T5】【T5】______B. Teachers:—cover lots of【T6】in class【T6】______—structure the materials in golden proportion—be highly【T7】, reliable and credible【T7】______—act as authority and securityC.【T8】:【T8】______—include acting, singing songs, playing games, telling stories,carrying on【T9】and psycho-dramas【T9】______IV. ConclusionsCertain elements can be used more【T10】
【T10】______
2．【T1】
正确答案：three times
3．【T2】
正确答案：various methods
4．【T3】
正确答案：presentation
5．【T4】
正确答案：practice
6．【T5】
正确答案：focused
7．【T6】
正确答案：learning materials
8．【T7】
正确答案：prestigious
9．【T8】
正确答案：Activities
10．【T9】
正确答案：short conversations
11．【T10】
正确答案：comprehensively
SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two
conversations. At the end of each conversation , five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of [A], [B], [C] and [D], and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have thirty seconds to preview the questions.
听力原文：M: Caitlin Friedman offers advice on being a smart woman-in-charge in her new book: The Girl’s Guide to Being a Boss Without Being Unpopular. Good morning, nice to have you here. W: Right. Those women need my book, terribly. M: Absolutely. Why is it that when women become the boss or become leaders, they tend to be unpopular? W: Well, we think there are two reasons. The first is, it’s really unfair that in the workplace people expect women to be emotionally there for them. You would never take your personal problems to a male boss,(1 -1)but you do take them to a woman boss because women are nurturing, just because that’s what women do. M: You expect them to understand the issues with your kids or whatever. W: Right,(1-2)and the other thing is there haven’t been any positive women role models.
I mean, there are very few positive women role models out there. M: And we’ll get to some of that in a minute, but why are the roles so different for men and women when they do become the boss?W:(3-1)Well, I think it really has to do with the lack of role models. I mean, when we were growing up and coming into the professional environment, we had really tough women bosses, but they had learnt from men.(1 - 3)So we think that women need to be able to manage the way they are comfortable in managing. M: What’s the No. 1 mistake women are making? W: I think the No. 1 mistake women are making is that they’re trying to do something the way that’s not comfortable for them.(2-1)You know, you really need to be firm and fair. You need to know what your employees need from you before you just want to set out these blanket things.(2-2)The other thing is that if you are emotional once in a workplace, you are the crier from then on, though you cried only this time in ten years. M: Is there no place for emotion than in a workplace? W: Well, we don’t think there is.(2-3)I mean we think that you can be yourself, which is kind and supportive, warm and giving, but not crying, screaming, or beating people. M: That sounds crazy. So let’s talk about practical advice: how women can avoid some of these bad behaviors that will keep them from being unpopular. First, the bad boss behavior—insecurities rule. W:(3-2)I think a lot of women are uncomfortable with leadership positions. I mean, men too, but I think that women in particular and that can bring insecurity. M: Gender discrimination. Do women tend to favor men in a workplace?W:(3-3)Yeah. Unfortunately, we think that there is definitely internalized sexism that goes on. M: Why is that?(3 - 4)I mean why can’t women relate with their co-workers? Or if they’re the boss, why can’t they just give them the power they need? W:(3-5)Well. We are not sure why, but I think it’ll change. With books like this, and the fact that more women are in a workplace everyday, it will change, just by sheer numbers. M: So, some keys to being a better manager, as you say, are to provide clear visions, support your staff, be advisor. W: Absolutely.(4)We really think it’s the women’s
responsibility when they are in leadership positions to be more advisor than manager. M: Caitlin Friedman, thanks so much for the great advice.1. Which of the following is NOT a reason why women bosses are unpopular?2. Which of the following is NOT suggested to women bosses?3. Which of the following issues about women bosses is NOT answered by the author?4. What is the right way to be a good woman boss?5. What is the main purpose of the interview?
12．
A．People think women should be nurturing.
B．People think few positive women roles are available.
C．People think women don’t know the right way for management.
D．People think only men can manage employees well.
正确答案：D
13．
A．To be fair and firm.
B．To be emotional and sensitive.
C．To be kind and supportive.
D．To be warm and giving.
正确答案：B
14．
A．Sense of insecurity in managing post.
B．Gender discrimination in working place.
C．The reason for not giving power to co-workers.
D．The reason why they play different roles from men bosses.
正确答案：C
15．
A．To be a good listener.
B．To be a good advisor.
C．To be a good manager.
D．To be a good nurturer.
正确答案：B
16．
A．To analyze the current conditions of women bosses.
B．To clarify why women bosses are unpopular.
C．To help change people’s wrong ideas on women bosses.
D．To eliminate sex discrimination in working place.
正确答案：B
听力原文：M: With the do’s and don’ts of lending money to families, we are joined by Mility Hopson, GMA financial contributor and president of Ariel Capital Management. Welcome. W: Thank you. M: Is there a yes-no answer to the question: should you lend family money?W:(6)I wouldn’t call it a yes-no answer: I would start with a very basic idea. Before you think about this familiar obligation issue, let’s start with:(7-1)Can you afford it? And if you can’t afford it, that answers the question right away. Also can you afford it if they don’t pay you back? A bank thinks about the same thing. They assess the risk of the loan they are going to make,(7-2)and they don’t make loans that are going to make them insolvent. You shouldn’t either, but if you go down this path, the one thing that I suggest for you that helps mute some of the resentment or problems that can occur:(7-3)document it. Documentation helps a lot.M: Someone said, the interest rates are low, so this is a good deal. We do look at family as a good deal, even for paying interest. That’s usually lower than the market rate, right?W: Well,(8-1)I would start with, you want your names, the date, the amount, the purpose which you also have the right to know.M: And you should tell them that you don’t want to pay for their trip to Disney World.W: Absolutely.(8-2)The terms may or may not include interest. They may include a payment plan. And last but not least, sign it, copy it, make sure you both have a copy and when you get into issues, you pull out that piece of paper.M: This is so loaded, but it is hard to say no. You love this person, right?W: Well, it’s hard to say no, but sometimes you have to say no.M: And so that will affect your relationship, because you are going to deal with this person at holidays and family reunion.W:(9)But you should know that it’s better than dealing with them when they are facing bankruptcy, because you didn’t force them to look themselves in the mirror and try to take accountability for the life style that they were trying to maintain, which they quite frankly could not afford. It was just the fact. There were no two ways about it.M: Just now we’ve been talking about you as the bank in the family. What if you need to borrow money? How do you approach your family member?W: Well,(10)if I need to borrow money, I will go to them in the most professional way and be the one saying this is what I need the money for. I’d like to document this and write this down, and this is when you can be expected to receive the payment. If I don’t pay you back, I would be here before the money is due to renegotiate these terms, so they get a sense that I am very serious, very credible.M: Millity Hopson, thanks a lot for the good advice.6. What is Mility Hopson’s attitude towards lending money to family?7. Which suggestion is NOT given by Mility Hopson while asked for lending money?8. Which of the following is NOT mentioned that you must put in your documentation while lending money?9. Which reason backs up your behavior of not lending money though you love them?10. Which of the following is NOT recommended to do if you are borrowing money?
17．
A．Supportive.
B．Oppositive.
C．Objective.
D．Subjective.
正确答案：C
18．
A．Don’t lend money when you can’t afford it.
B．Don’t lend money when you will face bankruptcy.
C．Make a documentation when lending money.
D．Lend money only when there is profit.
正确答案：D
19．
A．The date and name.
B．The purpose of lending.
C．The amount of money.
D．The interest rate.
正确答案：D
20．
A．The fear of losing money.
B．The fear of being bankrupt.
C．The fear of seeing them go bankrupt.
D．The fear of seeing them hate you afterwards.
正确答案：C
21．
A．Inform them when you can’t pay back on time.
B．Make a documentation with them.
C．Tell them the purpose of borrowing.
D．Make them feel you are credible.
正确答案：A
PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.
22．You______John in the street this morning. He’s been dead for ages.
A．mustn’t see
B．mustn’t have seen
C．couldn’t see
D．couldn’t have seen
正确答案：D
解析：译文：今天早上你在街上看见的不可能是约翰。

他已经去世很多年了。

情态动词题。

must have done表示对过去情况肯定的推测，对过去情况否定的推测则用couldn’thave done，所以选[D]。

23．What does “His parents are dead against the trip” mean?
A．His parents are dead because of the trip.
B．His parents are quite in opposition to the trip.
C．His parents are hardly against the trip.
D．His parents have a very hard time during the trip.
正确答案：B
解析：译文：“His parents are dead against the trip”的意思是什么?句子理解题。

在这句话中，dead作为副词，修饰介词against，而be against的意思是“反对，不支持”，因此这句话的意思是“他的父母亲坚决反对这次旅行”，故答案是[B]。

24．Which of the following sentences indicates prediction?
A．You must be back by 10 o’clock.
B．He has to move the desk himself.
C．You should mind your own business.
D．The book should attract all lovers of poetry.
正确答案：D
解析：译文：下列哪个句子表示“推测”?情态动词题。

[A]、[B]和[C]三个句子都是表示义务；[D]的意思是“这本书一定会引起诗歌爱好者的兴趣”，表示推测，因此为答案。

25．—Have you ever gone water-skiing before? —Oh, yes,______.
A．a dozen of time
B．dozens of times
C．dozens of time
D．dozen of time
正确答案：B
解析：译文：一你去玩过滑水运动吗?一哦，是的，很多次了。

词语用法题。

time这里表示次数，应用复数；另外，可以说a dozen of times或dozens of times，四个选项中只有[B]正确。

26．______, glasses can correct most sight defects in healthy eyes.
A．When well-fitted
B．If well-fitting
C．When well-fitting
D．If well-fitted when
正确答案：A
解析：译文：如果眼镜很合适，能纠正健康眼睛中的视力缺陷。

分词用法题。

本句中分词与句子主语构成动宾关系，故应用过去分词，四个选项中只有[A]正确。

27．She was the only one of the few girls who______passed the examination.
A．was
B．were
C．has
D．have
正确答案：C
解析：译文：她是这几个女孩子中唯一一个通过考试的。

主谓一致性题。

在”one of+复数名词”结构后若使用定语从句，从句中的谓语动词一般用复数；但one若是用the only修饰，则用单数，所以本题选[C]。

28．The old woman would have been drowned______a passer-by dragged her out of the water.
A．but for
B．but that
C．without
D．if
正确答案：B
解析：译文：要不是一位过路人把这位老太太从水里拽上来，她就可能会淹死了。

虚拟语气题。

but that和but for在虚拟语气的含蓄条件句中常见，表示“要不是”，但but that是连词，but for是介词，but that相当于but for the fact that，故本题应选[B]。

29．John misses the early bus for oversleeping,______the delay.
A．hence to cause
B．so to cause
C．so as caused
D．thus causing
正确答案：D
解析：译文：约翰因为睡过头而错过了早上的班车，因此造成延误。

独立主格题。

thus指代前面的一句话，与causing构成独立主格结构。

不定式作结果状语往往表示说话人意想不到的结果或不好的结果，因此不用不定式结构，故选[D]。

30．The vocabulary and grammatical differences between British and American English are so trivial and few as hardly______.
A．noticed
B．to be noticed
C．being noticed
D．to notice
正确答案：B
解析：译文：英式英语和美式英语在词汇和语法上的差别非常小也非常少，几乎很难注意到。

句子结构题。

句型so…as to do表示“如此……以至于”，so…as not to do意思相反，都表示结果；本题是so…as hardly to do，相当于so…as not to do，所以应排除[A]和[C]；differences与notice构成动宾关系，所以应用被动语态，因此选[B]。

31．Which of the following sentences has a subject complement?
A．A taxi was called for me.
B．Linda was given nothing.
C．The room is always kept clean.
D．A glance was cast at him.
正确答案：C
解析：译文：下面哪句中含有主语补足语?句子成分题。

动词后面对主语特征、状态等情况进行补充说明的成分，叫作主语补足语。

如果把带有宾语补足语的句子变成被动句，原来补充说明宾语的部分就变成补充说明主语了，即宾语补足语就变成主语补足语了。

如果把带有双宾语的句子变成被动句，往往是一个宾语作为被动句的主语，另一个宾语仍放在谓语动词之后。

主语补足语和主语之间有逻辑上的主谓或主表关系，但双宾语之间则没有这种关系。

选项[C]中主语the room和主语补足语clean之间是逻辑上的主表关系，故为答案。

而选项[A]和[D]谓语动词之后的成分都是状语，[B]是双宾语结构的被动句，故均可排除。

32．There are some rooms in the beach house,______served as a kitchen.
A．the smaller of that
B．the smaller of which
C．the smallest of that
D．the smallest of which
正确答案：D
解析：译文：靠海滩的那栋房子里有一些房间，最小的房间被用作厨房。

非限制性定语从旬题。

介词后的关系代词应用which或whom，故可排除[A]和[C]；根据句意本题应使用最高级，所以应选[D]。

33．I think an afternoon in the open air will do us good,______?
A．doesn’t it
C．don’t you
D．does it
正确答案：A
解析：译文：我认为到野外去度过一个下午对我们是会有好处的，不是吗?反意疑问旬题。

本题考查固定形式的反意疑问句，当陈述部分主语是第一人称，且谓语动词是suppose，think或believe等时，反意疑问句的主语应该与从句主语保持一致，故选[A]。

34．Many European Kings felt happier after Napoleon______from the scene.
A．disappeared
B．had disappeared
C．was disappearing
D．would disappear
正确答案：B
解析：译文：许多欧洲的国王在拿破仑退出历史舞台后感到更加高兴。

动词时态题。

要强调第一个行为在第二个行为开始之前已经完全结束，用过去完成时，本题中disappear应在feel之前已结束，所以选[B]较恰当。

35．______, Tom would have been a wealthy man.
A．Was he to enter business
B．If he was to enter business
C．Was he entered business
D．Had he entered business
正确答案：D
解析：译文：如果汤姆从商的话，他会是个富人。

虚拟语气题。

本题是对过去事实的虚拟，所以从句中应用过去完成时；省略if的情况下应采用倒装，所以选[D]。

36．______the desert is like a sea,______is the camel like ship.
A．What: as
B．As: as
C．As: so
D．That: so
正确答案：C
解析：译文：沙漠似海，骆驼如舟。

句子结构题。

as…so是固定句型，表示类比，意为“正如……也”，例如：As food is to man，somanure is to crops．(肥料之于庄稼，正如粮食之于人。

)故选[C]。

37．One of my______customers was Fred Hasbrook, an electronics salesman.
B．normal
C．formal
D．conventional
正确答案：A
解析：译文：我的一位老主顾叫弗莱德·哈斯布鲁克，是一名电子产品推销员。

形容词辨析题。

regular表示“有规律的；经常的；定期的”，regular customer 意为“常客，老主顾”，故[A]为答案。

normal表示“正常的，常态的”；formal 表示“正式的，正规的”；conventional表示“依照传统的；常规的”。

38．Steam______into water when it touches a cold surface.
A．shrinks
B．contracts
C．condenses
D．compresses
正确答案：C
解析：译文：蒸汽接触冷的表面而凝结成水珠。

动词辨析题。

condense表示“凝结，浓缩”；shrink表示“收缩；(受潮、受热或凉)萎缩”，如衣服缩水；contract表示“缩小，缩短，紧缩”，如肌肉收缩；compress表示“压缩，压紧；将某物压进(较)小的空间”。

根据题意应选[C]condenses。

39．He was overcome by a sudden______of jealousy.
A．surge
B．tide
C．rage
D．tidings
正确答案：A
解析：译文：一种突然产生的强烈的嫉妒感充斥了他的全身。

名词辨析题。

surge表示“突然产生；激增”，例如：a surge of anger／pity(一阵怒气／怜悯)；tide表示“潮水；潮流”；rage表示“狂怒，盛怒”；tidings表示“消息，音信”。

根据句意应选[A]surge。

40．He had gone to the reception desk,______to check out.
A．presumably
B．preliminarily
C．formerly
D．formally
正确答案：A
解析：译文：他去前台了，可能去办退房手续了。

副词辨析题。

presumably 表示“可能，大概”；preliminarily表示“预备性地”；formerly表示“以前，从
前”；formally表示“正式地；正规地”。

根据句意应选[A]presumably。

41．“The man talking with my mom is our math teacher” has all the following possible meanings EXCEPT______.
A．the man who will talk with my mom...
B．the man who is talking with my mom...
C．the man who has been talking with my mom...
D．the man who has talked with my mom...
正确答案：A
解析：译文：“和我妈妈交谈的人是我们的数学老师”可能不具备哪一项含义?句意理解题。

名词后用现在分词作定语多数表示正在进行的动作，也可表示一般的动作。

四个选项中，后三项表示的时间都是现在，而第一个选项表示的是将来。

但是，表示将来时的非谓语动词通常用不定式结构，故答案为[A]。

PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.
[A]abolish[B]accelerate[C]ambiguity[D]bring[E]dispense[F]evidence[G]expendi ture[H]inquiry[I]irrational[J]lead[K]outpace[L]shift[M]simply[N]striking[O]unanimo usly For the past four decades that basic tension between artificial intelligence and intelligence augmentation(增加)—A.I. versus I. A.—has been at the heart of progress in computing science as the field has produced a series of ever more powerful technologies that are transforming the world. Now, as the pace of technological change continues to【C1】______, it has become increasingly possible to design computing systems that enhance the human experience, or now—in a growing number of cases—completely【C2】______with it. Watson is an effort by IBM researchers to advance a set of techniques used to process human language. It provides【C3】______evidence that computing systems will no longer be limited to responding to simple commands. Machines will increasingly be able to pick out jargon(行话)and even riddles. In attacking the problem of the【C4】______of human language, computer science is now closing in on what researchers refer to as the “Paris Hilton problem”—the ability, for example, to determine whether an【C5】______ is being made by someone who is trying to reserve a hotel in France, or【C6】______to pass time surfing the Internet. Traditionally, economists have argued that while new forms of automation may displace jobs in the short run, over longer periods of time economic growth and job creation have continued to 【C7】______any job-killing technologies. For example, over the past century and a half the 【C8】______from being a largely agrarian(农业的)society to one in which less than 1 percent of the United States labor force is in agriculture is frequently cited as【C9】______of the economy’s ability to reinvent itself. That, however, was before machines began to “understand” human language. Rapid progress in natural language processing is beginning to【C10】______to a new wave of automation that promises to
transform areas of the economy that have until now been untouched by technological change.
42．【C1】
正确答案：B
解析：动词辨析题。

空格前为continues to，后为逗号，故空格处应填动词原形，且该动词能以the pace为逻辑主语。

由首段可知，一系列极有影响力的科技正在改变这个世界；本句空格后面部分提到，现在人类越来越可能设计出……计算机系统。

结合上述内容和备选动词可知，accelerate“加速，加快”符合题意。

43．【C2】
正确答案：E
解析：动词辨析题。

分析句子结构可知，句末的代词it指代前面的the human experience；句中的or提示空格所填词应与前面的动词enhance并列，且空格后为介词with，根据句意及搭配，答案为dispense(with)“不用，摒弃”。

44．【C3】
正确答案：N
解析：形容词辨析题。

空格前为动词provides，后为名词evidence，因此空格处较有可能填形容词。

上一句提到，IBM的研究人员推出一套用来处理人类语言的技术；本句及下一句提到，计算机将不再限于对简单指令作出回应，而将能识别行话甚至谜语。

结合上述内容及备选形容词可以推断，striking“惊人的，显著的”符合题意。

45．【C4】
正确答案：C
解析：名词辨析题。

空格前为定冠词the，后为介词短语of human language，因此空格处应填名词。

空格后面部分提到Paris Hilton problem的例子，指出Paris Hilton既可指法国巴黎的希尔顿酒店，也可指美国社交名媛Paris Hilton，这个例子说明了语言的模糊性，故本题选ambiguity“模棱两可，不明确”。

46．【C5】
正确答案：H
解析：名词辨析题。

空格前为冠词an，后为系动词is，因此空格处应为名词。

根据后面的reserve ahotel可推断，空格处应填inquiry“询问”，与后面的made搭配，表示“进行查询”。

47．【C6】
正确答案：M
解析：副词辨析题。

or前后连接了两个并列的不定式结构，故空格处应填副词作状语。

根据句意，某人在电脑中查询Paris Hilton，既可能是预订法国的希尔顿酒店，也可能是想上网看看美女希尔顿来打发时间。

因此，备选副词中，simply “仅仅，只是”最符合题意。

48．【C7】
正确答案：K
解析：动词辨析题。

空格前为不定式符号to，后为名词短语any job-killing technologies，因此空格处应填动词原形。

结合句中的while及in the short run和over longer periods的对比以及备选动词可知，outpace“超过，比……快”符合题意。

49．【C8】
正确答案：L
解析：名词辨析题。

本句结构较复杂，介词短语over the past century and a half 为句子的时间状语，the______from…to…force为句子的主语，主语部分缺少中心词，故空格处应填名词。

结合空格后面部分句意“从基本是农耕社会到农业人口占总人口不足1％的社会”及备选名词可知，shift”改变，转变”符合题意，the shift from…to…意为“从……到……的转变”。

50．【C9】
正确答案：F
解析：名词辨析题。

空格前为is frequently cited as，后为介词of，故空格处应填名词。

此处句意为：美国从基本是农耕社会到农业人口占总人口不足1％的社会的——常被引证为经济有自我改良的功能的——。

结合句意和空格前的cited as可知，备选名词中的evidence”证据，证明”符合题意。

51．【C10】
正确答案：J
解析：动词辨析题。

空格前为不定式符号to，后为介词to，因此空格处应为动词原形。

根据Rapidprogress in natural language processing与a new wave of automation之间的关系可知，备选动词中的lead“导致”符合题意。

PART V READING COMPREHENSION
SECTION AIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.
I had a teacher once who called his students “idiots” when they screwed up. He was our orchestra conductor, a fierce Ukrainian immigrant named Jerry Kupchynsky, and when someone played out of tune, he would stop the entire group to yell, “Who eez deaf in first violins?”He made us rehearse until our fingers almost bled. He corrected our wayward hands and arms by poking at us with a pencil. Today, he’d be fired. But when he died a few years ago, he was celebrated: Forty years’worth of former students and colleagues flew back to my New Jersey hometown from every corner of the country, old instruments in tow, to play a concert in his memory. I was among them, toting(携带)my long-neglected viola. When the curtain rose on our concert that day, we had formed a symphony orchestra the size of the New York Philharmonic. I was stunned by the outpouring for the gruff old teacher we knew as Mr. K. But I was equally struck by the success of his former students. Some were musicians, but most had distinguished themselves in other fields, like law, academia and medicine. Research tells us that there is a positive correlation between music education and academic achievement. But that alone didn’t explain the belated surge of gratitude for a teacher who basically tortured us through adolescence. We’re in the midst of a national wave of self-recrimination over the U. S. education system. Every day there is hand-wringing over our students falling behind the rest of the world. Fifteen-year-olds in the U. S. trail students in 12 other nations in science and 17 in math. An entire industry of books and consultants has grown up that capitalizes on our collective fear that American education is inadequate and asks what American educators are doing wrong. Comparing Mr. K’s methods with the latest findings in fields from music to math to medicine leads to a single, startling conclusion: It’s time to revive old-fashioned education. Not just traditional but old-fashioned in the sense that so many of us knew as kids, with strict discipline and unyielding demands. Because here’s the thing: It works. Now I’m not calling for abuse: I’d be the first to complain if a teacher called my kids names. But the latest evidence backs up my modest proposal. Studies have now shown, among other things, the benefits of moderate childhood stress: how praise kills kids’ self-esteem: and why grit is a better predictor of success than SAT scores. All of which flies in the face of the kinder, gentler philosophy that has dominated American education over the past few decades. The conventional wisdom holds that teachers are supposed to tease knowledge out of students, rather than pound it into their heads. Projects and collaborative learning are applauded: traditional methods like lecturing and memorization—derided as “drill and kill”—are frowned upon, dismissed as a surefire way to suck young minds dry of creativity and motivation. But the conventional wisdom is wrong.
52．Which of the following about Jerry Kupchynsky is TRUE?
A．He tortured his students when they screwed up in the class.
B．He encouraged his students when they made mistakes.
C．He was fired for his strict policies toward the students.。