浙江省2018中考英语复习教材知识梳理篇第8课时八上Modules1_2精讲试题外研版

第8课时八年级上册Modules 1－
2
,基础知识巩固
温馨提示：建议在掌握重点单词、短语及句型后，趁热打铁，完成《默写手册》P14对应内容，以达到巩固、自测的效果。

；使完全
millio n num.
在西方的；朝西的
university n.
雨伞
．
续表
,重难词句选析
1．advice n . 意见；建议(教材P2)
【点拨】advice 常作不可数名词，其常用短语有： a piece of advice 一条建议 give sb.some advice 给某人一些建议 ask for some advice 征求一些意见
take/follow one's advice 接受或采纳某人的意见
【拓展】advise 为动词，意为“向……提出意见；忠告；建议”。

常构成短语advise sb.(not) to do sth.意为“建议某人(不要)做某事”。

如：
He advised us to go to the movies.他建议我们去看电影。

【即时训练】
根据汉语提示补全句子。

(1)I __advise__(建议) you to make a plan before going abroad.
(2)Visitors to the website can find __advice__(建议)，stories and poems about bullying，in both English and French.
2．forget v. 忘；忘记(教材P2)
【点拨】forget作动词，意为“忘；忘记”，其过去式和过去分词分别为forgot, forgotten。

常构成短语forget to do sth.(忘记去做某事，事情还没做)；forget doing sth.(忘记做过某事，事情已做)。

如：I'm sorry.I've forgotten your name.很抱歉。

我忘记你的名字了。

Don't forget to turn off the light when you leave the classroom.当你离开教室的时候，不要忘了关灯。

【即时训练】
用所给词的适当形式填空。

Don't forget __to__knock__(knock) at the door before entering the office.
3．population n. (某一地区的)人口，全体居民(教材P10)
【点拨】
(1)population是集合体名词，无复数形式。

当它作主语表示整体概念时，其后的谓语动词要用单数。

如：
The population of Jinhua is about 5 million.金华的人口大约有五百万。

(2)如果指一个整体人口中有多少人是干什么的，则强调的是一个群体，是复数概念，这时谓语动词用复数。

如：
30% of the population of the village were out of work.这个村百分之三十的人失业了。

(3)表示人口“多”或“少”时，用large/big或small来修饰population。

如：
The population of China is bigger than that of Canada.中国的人口比加拿大的人口多。

(4)提问“有多少人口”时使用what或how large，而不能用how many 或how much。

如：
What's the population of Zhejiang Province？浙江省的人口数量是多少？
【即时训练】
根据汉语提示补全句子。

Asia lies in the north­east of the world.It has __the__largest/biggest__population__(最多的人口)in the world.
4．be famous for…因……而闻名(教材P12)
【辨析】be famous for/as/to
(1)be famous for意为“因……而闻名”，当主语是人时，表示人以某种知识、技能、作品或特征而出名；当主语是地点名词时，表示某地以某个名胜古迹或特点而著名。

如：
China is famous for its china.中国因瓷器而出名。

He is famous for his great invention.他因他的伟大发明而闻名。

(2)be famous as意为“作为……而出名”，表示人以某种身份或职业而出名。

如：
Taylor Swift is famous as a singer in the world.泰勒·斯威夫特作为歌手而闻名世界。

(3)be famous to后一般跟人，意为“对……是熟悉的；为……所熟知”。

如：
Yao Ming is famous to basketball fans.姚明被篮球迷们所熟知。

【即时训练】
选用恰当的介词填空。

as，to，for
(1)Lu Xun is famous __as__ a great writer.
(2)Wenxian has been famous __for__ its green tea.
(3)The Great Wall is famous____to__ people all over the world.
5．Why not write down our mistakes in our notebooks？为什么不把我们的错误记在我们的笔记本上呢？(教材P2)
【点拨】
(1)Why not…？用来提出建议，意为“为什么不……？”，一般用在疑问句中，询问为什么不做某事的原因。

“Why not＋动词原形？”相当于“Why don't you＋动词原形？”。

如：
Why not go to the party with me？＝Why don't you go to the party with me？为什么不和我一起去参加聚会呢？
【拓展】表示提建议的句型还有：
Let's do sth.
What/How about doing sth.?
We'd better do sth.
Shall we do sth.?
Would you mind doing sth.?
(2)write down表示“记下；写下”，在含义上相当于put down。

如：
Please write down the main ideas on the paper.请把主要思想记在纸上。

【即时训练】
第(1)题单项选择；第(2)题句型转换。

( D )(1)—Why don't you join us for breakfast?
—Sure.____________
A．Good luck！B．Congratulations!
C．Why? D．Why not?
(2)Write down your name and address in the form.(改为同义句)
__Put__down__ your name and address in the form.
6．Some day it will become as busy as Hong Kong，I'm sure.我确信有一天它(深圳)会变得和香港一样繁华。

(教材P10)
【点拨】as＋形容词/副词原级＋as…结构，意为“与……一样……” ，表示同级比较。

as…as中间必须接形容词或副词的原级。

如：
He is as tall as his father.他和爸爸一样高。

Tom gets up as early as Jim.汤姆起得和吉姆一样早。

【拓展】(1)其否定结构not as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as意为“不如……”。

如：
Lucy isn't as outgoing as Mary.露西不如玛丽外向。

(2)若有修饰成分，如twice，th ree times，half，a quarter等，则须置于第一个as之前。

如：
Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.你的包比我的贵一倍。

【即时训练】
第(1)根据汉语意思完成句子；第(2)题用所给词的适当形式填空。

(1)这本词典不如你想的那么有用。

This dictionary is not __as/so__useful__as__ you think.
(2) My room is half as__big__as yours.(big)
7．Its streets are much wider and cleaner too.它的街道也更加宽阔，更加干净。

(教材P10)
【拓展】这是一个比较级并列的句子。

much 在这里修饰wider 和cleaner，意为“更加；……得多”。

在英语用法中，表示两者的比较，我们可以用much，a little，even，a bit，a lot等来修饰比较级。

其中，比较的对象(than…)通常可以省略。

如：
My sister is much taller (than me)．我的姐姐(比我)高多了。

Beijing is old but Xi'an is older.北京很古老，但是西安更加古老。

This coat is a bit cheaper than that one.这件外套比那件便宜点。

【即时训练】
用所给词的适当形式填空。

Today is even __colder__(cold)than yesterday.
,当堂练习检测
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示写出正确的单词。

1．What's the __population__(人口) of China?
2．Mike always makes mistakes in __spelling__(拼写)．
3．You can look up the n ew word in a __dictionary__(词典)．
4．Can you give me some __advice__(建议) about learning English?
5．The____main__(主要的) problem is how to use the machine.
6．Tom is very __shy__(羞怯的) and he never talks with his classmates.
7．Please __place__(放置) the book on the shelf.
8．It's __possible__(可能的) to pass the exam if you work hard.
9．Diaoyu __Islands__(岛) belong to China.
10．We enj oy spending our summer vacation in the
__countryside__(乡下)．
Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成句子。

1．我还建议你和朋友们谈谈电影或歌曲。

I also advise you __to__talk__about__ the films or songs with your friends.
2．深圳的人口比北京多。

Shenzhen __is__larger__ in population than Beijing.
3.我的家乡尤以它的大学而闻名。

My home town __is__ especially __famou s__for__ its university.
4．它有超过六百万的人口。

It has __a__population__of__ over six million.
5.纽约比美国任何其他的城市都有名。

New York is more famous than __any__other__city__ in the US.
Ⅲ.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

China is an old country 1.__with__ a long history.It has the 2.__largest__(large) population in the world，and about one 3.__fifth__ (five) of the people in the world live in China.Because of the large population，there is 4.__less__(little) living space for each family.And it is difficult for lots of people to find jobs.At the same time，the large population will cause many other difficulties for the whole nation.For example，most cities are more crowded than before，and the traffi c is much 5.__heavier__(heavy)．Natural environment is becoming worse and 6.__worse__．7．__However__，our government is taking some 8.__useful__(use) steps to make the population smaller.One was known as the one­child policy.It reduced the birth rate in some ways.With the development of society，China cancelled the one­child policy and 9.__allowed__(allow) one couple to have a second child，to meet the balance.10.__In__ a word，the population problem is still serious in China.We still have a long way to go.。