2020届全国高考英语题全真模拟试题（二）（解析word版）

2020届全国高考英语题全真模拟试题（二）（解析word
版）
2020届全国高考英语全真模拟试题（二）
英语试卷
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题）
听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
FOUR BEST BOOKSHOPS IN LONDON
Looking for something to read while in London? If so, you’re in luck: the British capital happens to have an incredible collection of bookshops.
Daunt Books
Are you going on a trip and want to read a novel or
nonfiction book set in the place you’re headed? This bookshop arranges books by country, so it’s eas y to find anything by place. (83 Marylebone High Street. Monday-Saturday: 09:00-19:30; Sunday: 11:00-18:00.)
Foyles Books
Dig, if you will, the picture: four miles of shelves holding up to 200,000 books. This legendary (传奇的) bookshop is impossible to leave empty-handed. It was once listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as the
biggest bookshop on the planet. (107 Charing Cross Road. Monday-Saturday: 9:00-21:00; Sunday: 11:30-18:00.) Hatchards In the year 1797, this London bookshop—the oldest in the city today—first flicked on its lights. It stocks an excellent selection of fiction, nonfiction, history and other genres. (187 Piccadilly Street. Monday-Saturday: 09:30-20:00; Sunday: 12:00-18:30.)
London Review Bookshop
There’s an excellent selection of h istory, philosophy, politics, new fiction and many other genres here. Plus, there’s a nice cafe in which you can crack open that tome (巨著) for the first time and start reading. (14 Bury Place. Monday-Saturday 10:00-18:30; Sunday 12:00-18:00.)
21. Which bookstore was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records?
A. Daunt Books.
B. Foyles Books.
C. Hatchards.
D. London Review Bookshop.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了伦敦最好的四个书店。

【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。

由第三段中It was once listed in the Guinness Book of World Records.可知，Foyles Books被列入Guinness Book of World Records之中。

故选B。

22. What is special about Hatchards?
A. It has a long history.
B. It has 200,000 books.
C. It has a cafe.
D. It has both fiction and nonfiction books.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。

由第四段中In the year 1797, this London bookshop—the oldest in the city today—first flicked on its lights.可知，Hatchards，这座城市最古老的的书店，1979年第一次营业。

所以Hachards的特别之处是它历史悠久。

故选A。

23. Which place should you go to if you want to enjoy reading with a coffee?
A. 83 Marylebone High Street.
B. 107 Charing Cross Road.
C. 187 Piccadilly Street.
D. 14 Bury Place.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。

由最后一段there’s a nice cafe in which you can crack open that tome (巨著) for the first time and start reading (14 Bury Place. Monday-Saturday 10:00-18:30; Sunday 12:00-18:00.)可知，在14 Bury Place。

你可以边喝咖啡边看书。

故选D。

B
I’m going to be completely honest. I have no idea how I ended up with this opportunity, I have no idea what I’m doing, but I am very happy to be here.
Last summer a friend tagged me in a Facebook post from
BBC Earth and encouraged me to apply to the BBC Presenter Search 2018. The assignment was easy and hard, make a video shorter than 60 seconds where you talk about something in science you think is cool. Simple concept, but for me it was challenging as I want to talk about bryophytes(苔藓植物) forever (which is slightly longer than 60 seconds).
So I decided to make an attempt. I was going to make a 60 second video about sphagnum(水苔), commonly known as peat moss and uncommonly known as an unsung climate hero. Sphagnum is the plant genus that holds the most carbon in the world, it slowly builds up its carbon storage over hundreds of thousands of years and if undisturbed, they never let go of the carbon they gathered.
Making a short video on this was hard because I wanted to include everything. And it became even harder as I had no one to hold the camera. I tied my camera to the scrawniest little tree, swinging in the wind as a bird tried to chase me away from the mud. This chaos ended up as the video “Why sphagnum is awesome” on my channel. I sub mitted the video, but didn’t dare to write in the description section of the video that it was a submission, because I never imagined that I could win!
But I did.
I waited two months before I could tell people that I had won the search, and when the news came out, I received the most attention I’ve had in my entire life.
No matter your background, whether you want to pass the time or pass an exam, I really hope you enjoy the video!
24. What can we infer about the author from paragraph 1?
A. She is uncertain about the result.
B. She gets used to telling people lies.
C. She is unable to achieve the goal.
D. She knows much about the ending.
【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。

作者讲述了自己敢于突破，不畏困难参加短视频大赛，制作关于水苔的短视频，并在充分准备但不期待最好结果的前提下，最终赢得比赛的经历。

【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。

由第一段I have no idea how I en ded up with this opportunity, I have no idea what I’m doing, but I am very happy to be here可知，作者不知道自己在这样的机会下，是怎么做到的，也不知道
自己在做什么，但很开心可以出现在这里。

从作者的描述中可以看到作者对结果不确定。

故选A。

25. Which of the following is NOT true about sphagnum?
A. It can form its carbon storage in a very slow way.
B. It is universally recognized as an unknown climate hero.
C. It won’t release the carbon without being disturbed.
D. It contains a large amount of carbon.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。

由第三段sphagnum(水苔), commonly known as peat moss and uncommonly known as an unsung climate hero可知水苔通常被当成泥煤苔（peat moss），而很少被当成被埋没的气候英雄。

B 选项意为水苔作为气候英雄被知晓，与文章的表达相反。

故选B。

26. The underlined word “scrawniest” in Paragraph 4 probably means ___________.
A. weakest
B. strongest
C. shortest
D. most energetic
【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。

由I tied my camera to the scrawniest little tree, swinging in the wind可知作者把摄像机系到一棵随风摇动的树上，说明这课树并不高大，而是弱小的。

故选A。

27. What can we learn from the author’s story?
A. She shows great interest in filming the video.
B. Her knowledge helps overcome all the difficulties.
C. Her attitude and hard work pay off eventually.
D. She is more than delighted to gain the most attention.
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。

文中作者知道拍摄30秒的视频很难，但依然认真拍摄且投稿，并最终获奖，说明作者态度和努力工作最终得到了回报。

故选C。

C
If we want a fair shot at transitioning to renewable energy, we’ll need one critical thing: technologies that can change electricity from wind and sun into a chemical fuel for storage and vice versa (反之亦然). Commercial devices that do this exist, but most are costly and perform only half of the expectation. Now, researchers have created small lab-scale devices that do both jobs. If larger versions work as well, they would help make it possible—or at least more affordable—to run the world on renewables.
The market for such technologies has grown along with renewables: In 2007, solar and wind provided just 0.8% of all power in the United States: in 2017, that number was 8%, according to the U. S. Energy Information Administration. But the dem and for electricity often doesn’t match the supply from solar and wind. In sunny California, for example, solar panels regularly produce more power than needed in the middle of the day, but none at night, after most workers and students return
home.
Some companies are beginning to install massive rows of batteries in hopes of storing extra energy and balancing the financial sheet. But batteries are costly and store only enough energy to back up the power system for a few hours at most. Another option is to store the energy by transforming it into hydrogen fuel. Devices called electrolyzers (电解器) do this by using electricity—ideally from solar and wind power—to break down water into oxygen and hydrogen gas, a carbon-free fuel. A second set of devices called fuel cells can then transform that hydrogen back to electricity to power cars, trucks, and buses, or to feed it to the power system. But commercial electrolyzers and fuel cells use different catalysts (催化剂) to speed up the two reactions, meaning a single device can t do both jobs. The researchers must conquer this.
“They did a really good job with that.” says Sossina Haile, a chemist at Northwestern University in Evanston. Still, she holds a cautious view that both her new device and the one from the O’Hayre lab are small laboratory demonstrations. For the technology to have a societal impact, researchers will need to scale up the button-size devices, a process that typically reduces performance.
28. What can we learn about the new device from the first paragraph?
A. Its universal use remains to be seen.
B. It is more expensive but more practical.
C. It can transform more renewable energy.
D. It is the most advanced around the world.
【语篇导读】这是一篇科普说明文。

文章主要介绍一种能够转化可再生能源的新装置。

【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。

根据第一段“Now, researchers have created small lab-scale devices that do both jobs. If larger versions work as well, they would help make it possible—or at least more affordable—to run the world on renewables.”可知，现在，研究人员已经创造出了同时具备这两种功能的实验室规模的设备。

如果更大的版本也能发挥作用，它们将有助于使世界上使用可再生能源成为可能——或者至少更经济实惠。

所以通过关键词“ small lab-scale devices ，if引导的条件状语从从句”可以推断出，这种新装置大规模地
投入使用还需拭目以待。

故选A项。

29. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. The rapid development of American technologies.
B. The potential market for energy transformation technologies.
C. The history of energy transformation technologies.
D. The lack of power in California.
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。

由第二段“The market for such technologies has grown along with renewables”可知，这类技术的市场随着可再生能源的发展而增长以及对市场增长的具体介绍可知，第二段主要说明这个新装置潜在的市场很大。

故选B项。

30. What may the researchers focus on next?
A. Lessening costly batteries.
B. Increasing the efficiency of the two reactions.
C. Looking for one shared catalysts for the two reactions.
D Breaking down water into a carbon-free fuel without using electricity.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。

由第三段“But commercial electrolyzers
and fuel cells use different catalysts (催化剂) to speed up the tw o reactions, meaning a single device can t do both jobs. The researchers must conquer this.”可知，但是商业电解器和燃料电池用不同的催化剂加速这两种反应，这意味着一个设备不能同时做这两件事。

研究人员必须攻克这个难题。

这个难题是必须攻克的，也是研究人员下一步要集中解决的问题。

所以推断出，接下来研究人员会主攻这两种反应能够共用的催化剂。

故选C项。

31. What is Haile’ s attitude to the f uture of the new device?
A. Positive.
B. Negative.
C. Critical.
D. Cautious.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。

根据最后一段“Still, she holds a cautious view that both her new device and the one from the O’Hayre lab are small laboratory demonstrations. For the technology t o have a societal impact, researchers will need to scale up the button-size devices, a process that typically reduces performance.”可知，不过，她提醒说，她的新设备和来自奥海雷实验室小型的实验室演示。

为了让这项技术产生社会影响，研究人员需要增加这种纽扣大小设备的产量，但是这一过程通常会降低其性能。

所以通过Haile的观点。