口译入门教程ppt

Ⅴ. Symbols and Abbreviations for
Note-taking
• 1. Symbols: 1) arrows 2) mathematical symbols 3) punctuation marks 4) others 2. Abbreviations
1. Arrows & Mathematical Symbols
What to note?
• Key words, rather than details;
• Main ideas (sense groups);
• Logical links between ideas;
• Elements interpreters can not remember: Numbers, dates; Proper names ; Lists (if something is missing, show where in notes, then you may ask questions correctly).
• The use of shorthand should be DISCOURAGED!!!
Necessary Evil
• With money, you can’t do anything. • Without money, you can do nothing. • “A sharp memory is not as dependable
The Nature of Note-taking
• Note-taking = Shorthand ??? • NO, NO, NO!!! • Shorthand is any system of rapid handwriting which can be used to transcribe the spoken word.
Tense symbols
• All tenses related to past: • All tenses related to future: ∟ • Present progressive tense: － （动作上面或
下面画横线）
∟
介词的处理方法
介词的处理方法 (in, at, of, on)：往上递推一 个梯形结构 • 如： The policy of family planning is going through a reform. • 记作： 计生 • poli 改 •
Guidelines for Note-taking :
• 1.Concentrate on the lecture or on the reading material. • 2.Take notes consistently. • 3.Take notes selectively. Do NOT try to write down every word. Remember that the average lecturer speaks approximately 125140 words per minute, and the average note-taker writes at a rate of about 25 words per minute.
• Tense and voice
• Specific rhetorical words (adj, adv)
Tip
• 1.只记必要内容：不要追求记“全”!重点 记录：概念，命题，名称，数字，组织机 构，逻辑关系；抓住关键词和意群； • 2.一般来说，主语，宾语和主要动词都是 关键词；重点关注连词（逻辑关系），开 头句，结尾句； • 3.做笔记时遇到数字一定要在数字后注明 单位量词
Abbreviations
• • • • • • • • • • • Gov dev Org bks Pro(f) Co. Doc. Cor. Pre bz (business) Mr, Mrs,Miss, Ms, L&G edu Yr,Wk,min,mth,hr,sec Tks demo(demonstration) Infor, infra
Welcome!!!
Welcome!!!
Welcome!!!
New Lecture: Note-taking!!!
• Page 91-94
• A time & effortsconsuming work!!!
Ⅰ. Importance of Note-taking
• principles------ 30% supplementary tool \ reduce the burden of the brain (limitation of the human memory); 70% by brain.
Others
• Emaphasis: ★, ▲, ＊… 表示(important, key,
• Currency symblos: $, ￡, ￥, € … (均可泛
指钱及相关意思，money, wealth, rich) • Emotion icons: ^_^ (^ ^), T_T, :-(
chief,great)
•
IT DEPENDS!!!
Tip: Source language or target language? • Interpreters use abbreviations and symbols in note-taking, and use whatever language that comes to mind as the easiest or most appropriate.
Why to take notes?
• Supplement short-term memory • Reduce/relieve the burden to brain • Overcome the limitation of human memory • --- misinterpreting and leaving out important information （Ensure Accuracy!） • --- without making pause after speaking for 5-10 minutes (Facilitate Processing & Analyzing the Information) • --- a long series of figures • --- a long list of people’s names and place names
More
• ∈: belong to, be attached to, be affiliated to • √ correct, good, positive • × wrong, mistake, bad, negative
Punctuation:
1. : 表示各种各样“说”的动词：say, speak, state, announce, declare, etc. 2. ? 表示“问题”：question，issue，例如：台湾 问题：tw? 3. . (dot) 这个“.”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一 样“.d”表示yesterday; “.y”表示last year;“.2m” 表示two month ago“y”表示this year, “y2.” two year later“next week”, 可以表示为“wk.” 4. ！非常，关键，惊讶; 危险，警告，值得注意的 是 dangerous, alert, warning
Tools for note-taking
1.笔记本 建议用用按压式的笔。
III. What To Note
• The meaning of the SL information: “It is meaning rather than words that are being transferred in interpreting.” (presented by key words)
Summary: What is Notes?
• 笔记是听，理解，抓住信息意义后进行表 达的辅助工具.
• 不同于课堂笔记，不同于会议记录，更不 同于速记员全部使用速记符号的“速记”； 是译员在口译现场通过一定的职业化手段 即席，迅速地通过整理源语思维线路来标 定源语内容，关键词语和译语搜觅与组织 工作的“提示性笔记”，起到某种“路标” 作用。
as a broken pen”.
The Nature of Note-taking
1. The nature of note-taking for interpreting ≠: shorthand notes lecture notes meeting minutes dictation ＝: a reminder of memory
The Characteristics of Note-taking for Interpreting 1) Instantaneity [in,stæntə‘ni:iti] （即时性） 2) Conciseness（简洁性） 3) Exclusiveness/ Individuality (专有性)
• @ 表示关于，位于 (或者是“关于”)
• （）， { 表示包括
• • • •
°表示人，如中°， H° 上面 ∧，下面∨ 胜利 V 冲突＞＜
• U表示协议,合同： √ U（达成协议）；
未达成协议× U
• □表示国家,机构：□∕□ 国家/机构之间; 多□s（多个国家） • 1+1 合作； ∞ 交流 • 一方面 . ∕ • 另一方面 ∕ . • 双方，关系 . ∕ . • ～ in terms of ; about
Ⅵ. More symbols --- Pictures
• Analyze the following symbols in the pictures and develop your own!
Ⅶ. How to Take Notes
• • • • • A loose-leaf note pad clipped at the top Palm size when standing B5 or A4 with tables and chairs Lines sparsely written 稀疏地;稀少地 A left-hand margin --- 1-2cm (In this section of the sheet, the subject of and the links btw sentences are to be noted!) • Legible/readable handwriting • Have a look at the following e.g.
IV. Language Used in Note-taking
• • • • SL TL Combination of SL and TL Symbols and abbreviations (Remember as many as you can) (Analyzing by seeing the picture) Preferably target language •
Acronyms
• Measures: cm, mm, kg, m2, ...
• • • • • • • • Acronym: RMB, USD, JPY, HKD ... HR, PM, GM, MD, CEO, CFO ASEAN, MEA NATO, APEC CPI FDI WHO, WTO, WEF, NPC, CPPCC
Ⅱ. Where to take notes?
• Use a suitable stenographer’s(速记员) note-pad： • 15cm×20cm, clipped at the top! • Avoid loose sheets!
• Use a good (old lead) pencil or a (ball pen) • PICTURE!