学位英语语法与词汇部分模拟题 (3)

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学位英语词汇、结构、语法专项提升练习
一、选择题
1.Cristiano Ronaldo, who won four Champions League titles in nine seasons, makes it compulsory that, _______ you must remember, in order to succeed you ____ optimistic.
A.what; are
B.as; will be
C./; must be
D.which; beD
【答案】D
【详解】
考查定语从句和虚拟语气。

句意:克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多,在九个赛季中赢得了四次冠军联赛的冠军,你必须要记住,为了取得成功,你必须保持乐观。

本句的第一个空是定语从句的关系词,which指代前面的句子。

第二个空是虚拟语气should be optimistic,其中的should省略。

第二句是考查名词从句,其中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是that in order to succeed you (should) be optimistic.英语中it is compulsory that…从句中要用虚拟语气should do…,should可省略。

句中的should省略了。

分析选项可知D项符合题意,故选D项。

2.While it wasn’t the goal of the trip, I was rewarded with fresh insights, ones that ________ to me during the regular course of business.
A.might never happen
B.could never have happened
C.should not happen
D.needn’t have happenedB
【答案】B
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。

句意:虽然这并不是这次旅行的目的,但我得到了一些新的领悟,那些领悟在我的日常生活中是本不可能发生的。

此处考查虚拟语气,“我得到新的领悟”发生在过去,故此处是与过去事实相反,应用could/might/would/need/should+have done,“本不可能发生”是could never have happened,故选B项。

【点睛】
本题考查“情态动词+have done”的虚拟语气,其常用表达有:
could have done本能做某事而未做couldn’t have done不可能做了某事
should have done本应该做某事而未做shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事而做了
would have done本会某事而未做wouldn’t have done本不会做某事而做了
need have done本需要做某事而未做needn’t have done本不必要做某事而做了
3.My flight was delayed, so I read a book ________ time.
A.kill
B.killing
C.to kill
D.having killedC
【答案】C
试题分析:考查不定式用法。

本句考查不定式的最经典的用法:目的状语。

句意:我的航班延误了,为了消磨时间,我读书了。

其余三项均不能做目的状语。

故C正确。

考点:考查不定式用法
4.(2017·江苏卷·单项填空) He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he
____________.
A.was being followed
B.was following
C.had been followed
D.followedA
【答案】A
【详解】
考查动词时态和语态。

句意:他匆匆赶回家,一次也没有回头看看是否有人跟踪他。

根据题意他“被跟踪”可知,动词follow与主语he之间构成被动关系,又因为hurry是过去式,故用过去进行时的被动语态,故选A项。

5.When the minister came in, the two cheaters were sitting before the weaver, busily. A.pretending working
B.pretended having worked
C.pretending to be working
D.pretended to have workedC
【答案】C
考查非谓语动词。

句意:当部长进来的时候,两个骗子坐在织工前面,假装正在忙着工作。

pretend to be doing sth.假装正在做某事,根据句意可知此处是现在分词做伴随状态,故选C。

6.(2018·海淀二模)I _____up my mind what I was going to say in the seminar, but it was cancelled.
A.have made
B.had made
C.was making
D.would makeB
【答案】B
考查时态。

句意:我已经决定了在研讨会上要说什么,但是,研讨会被取消了。

“make up
one’s mind”这个行为发生在研讨会被取消之前,根据“it was cancelled”可知,研讨会被取消是过去的事情,那么,make up one’s mind是发生在过去某个动作之前的行为,故该空应用过去完成时态。

B选项正确。

7.Some people use hand-written letters ______ typing because they’re more personal and repres ent your sincerity.
A.in preference to
B.in process of
C.in reference with
D.in search ofA
【答案】A
考查介词短语。

句意:一些人优先用手写书信胜过用打字,因为这样更私人,也代表你的真诚。

A项意为"优先于";B项意为"在……过程中";C项意为"参照";D项意为"搜查,寻找"。

根据题意可知,A项正确。

8.They lost their way in the forest, and ________ made matters worse was that night began to fall. A.that
B.it
C.what
D.whichC
【答案】C
考查主语从句引导词。

句意:他们在森林里迷路了,更糟糕的是天开始黑了。

根据连词and可知,本句需要一个引导主语从句的连接词,该词同时还要能在从句里充当主语。

that不能在句中作成分;it不能引导主语从句;which意为“哪一个”,不符合本句语境。

排除A、B、D三项。

故选C。

9.The store has an excellent for fair dealing and its booming sales figures are often reported in
local newspapers.
A.regulation B reputation
B.presentation
C.exceptionB
【答案】B
考查名词辩析。

regulation规定,reputation名声,名望,presentation 出现, exception例外。

根据句意这家商店有好的名望,故选B。

10.Meanwhile, on the top of each tower, a botanical garden will offer a relaxing space ________ visitors can enjoy nature, away from the noise of the city.
A.that
B.where
C.when
D.whichB
【答案】B
【详解】
考查定语从句。

句意:同时,在每个塔的顶部,一个植物园将提供一个放松的空间,在这里游客可以享受自然,远离城市的噪音。

句中包含定语从句,先行词是space,在定语从句中作地点状语,指在这个地方,用关系副词where引导,故选B.
【点睛】
分析定语从句关键抓住两点:第一、找准先行词;第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。

先行词往往为名词或代词,如本题中先行词为名词space,再分析先行词space在定语从句中所作的成分,将先行词space带到从句中可知,只能作地点状语,故确定关系词where,相当于in which。

11.I have kept the photo I can see it easily, as it reminds me of my happy childhood in the
countryside.
A.in which
B.when
C.where
D.thatC
【答案】C
考察从句连词的选择,根据句子结构可知,该句为地点状语从句,句意为,我把照片放在了我很容易就看到的地方,因为它能提醒我乡下美好的童年时光。

12.Hang a wet towel in your hotel room —— because of climate-controlled rooms and windows that don’t open, the air _________ be very dry.
A.must
B.can
C.shall
D.needB
【答案】B
【详解】
考查情态动词。

A. must必须,一定;B. can可能;能够;有时可能,有时会;C. shall将要;D. need需要;本句表示要在宾馆房间里挂一块湿毛巾,室内的空气有时会可能会很干燥。

根据句意可知B项正确。

【点睛】
本句考查了情态动词“can”表示“有时可能,有时会…”的用法,can还有其他用法,具体如下:表示能力,"can"译为"能;会"
例句:I can speak English. 译:我会说英语。

She can dance. 译:她会跳舞。

②表示可能性,"can"译为"可能;会"
例句:Can you sing? 译:你会唱歌吗?
Can you swim? 译:你会游泳吗?
③"can"用在肯定句中:主语+can+动词原形
例句:I can play the guitar. 译:我会弹吉他。

I can join the music club. 译:我可以加入音乐俱乐部。

④"can"用在一般疑问句中:Can+主语+动词原形
肯定回答:Yes,主语+can
否定回答:No,主语+can't
例句:Can he play chess? 译:他会下国际象棋吗?
Yes, he can. 译:是的,他会。

NO, he can't. 译:不,她不会。

⑤"can"用在否定句中:主语+can't+动词原形(can't 是 can not 的缩写)例句:She can't play the piano well. 译:她弹不好钢琴。

I can't sing. 译:我不会唱歌。

⑥"can"用在特殊疑问句中:特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形
例句:What can you see in the room? 译:在房间里你能看见什么?
⑦当特殊疑问词是句子的主语时:特殊疑问词+can+动词原形
例句:Who can answer my question? 译:谁能回答我的问题? 13.—What did she want to know, Tom?
—She wondered _______ we could complete the experiment.
A.when was it
B.it was when that
C.it was when
D.when it was thatD
【答案】D
【详解】
考查强调句。

句意:——她想知道什么,汤姆?——她想知道我们什么时候才能完成实验。

”分析句子意思以及句子结构可知,空格部分为强调特殊疑问词when,且为宾语从句结构,故特殊疑问词必须置于主从句之间,并且要使用陈述语序。

故D选项正确。

【点睛】
强调句型:It is (was) 被强调部分+that (who) + 句子其他部分。

此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语。

强调句的连词只有两个,that和who。

当强调的部分是人,且为句子的主语时,才用who,其余用that。

原句:My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调主语:It was my father who/that did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调宾语:It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.
强调时间:It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when) 强调地点:It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.
强调句的判断:去掉It is (was)和that (who)后,剩余成分能组成完整句子,则为强调句型。

14.A few days ago, the commission its investigation and declared that Johnson was to blame for the car accident last month on the highway.
A.discriminated
B.acknowledged
C.concluded
D.negotiatedC
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

A. discriminated辨别;B. acknowledged承认;C. concluded推断、结束;
D. negotiated协商。

句意:几天前,委员会结束了调查,宣布Johnson应对上个月发生在高速公路上的车祸负责。

根据句意可知此处表示“结束”,故C项正确。

15.The cost of living in big cities ________ steadily for many years,and it has led some youths to drop out of the big city race.
A.is climbing
B.is being climbed
C.has been climbing
D.has been climbedC
【答案】C
【详解】
考查时态。

句意:许多年以来,大城市的生活费用稳步增高,这导致许多年轻人逃离了大城市。

表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的动作,用现在完成进行时,故选C。

16.A new airport may be constructed in Nantong, ____ the pace of economic growth will be accelerated.
A.in which case
B.in that case
C.in what case
D.in whose caseA
【答案】A
【详解】
考查定语从句。

句意:南通可能要建一座新机场,这样经济增长的速度就会加快。

此处是定语从句,in which case ,代指的是新的机场在南通修建的这个情况。

故选A。

17.This is one of the best films _______.
A.that have been shown this year
B.that have shown
C.that has been shown this year
D.that you talkedC
【答案】C
【详解】
考查定语从句和时态。

句意:这是今年上映的最好的电影之一。

此处为定语从句,先行词为the one,有最高级the best 修饰,关系代词应该用that,在从句中作主语,语境表明使用现在完成时,而且谓语要用第三人称单数,故C项正确。

18.Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car_______。

A.washed
B.wash
C.washing
D.to washA
【答案】A
此题中使役动词get后接的宾语car与作宾语补足语的动词wash之间为被动关系,构成短语:get sth. done。

故答案选A。

句意为:在驱车进城之前,你必须将你的车洗了。

19._______ our children's education is concerned, no compromise is acceptable.
A.Where
B.As
C.While
D.UnlessA
【答案】A
【详解】
考查连词辨析。

句意:在事关我们孩子的教育问题上,那是毫无妥协余地的。

A. Where在…的地方;B. As因为;C. While尽管;D. Unless除非。

文中表示“在事关我们孩子的教育问题上”,所以用where引导地点状语从句。

故选A。

20.—I feel scared, sir.
—Don’t worry. I outside your house tonight any emergency.
A.will be staying; in control of
B.am about to stay; in case of
C.am about to stay; in control of
D.will be staying; in case ofD
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词时态和固定词组。

——先生,我感到害怕。

——不要担心。

我今晚将呆在你的房子外面以防有紧急情况。

根据句意可知,此处描述的是将来持续不断的动作,应用将来进行时态;固定短语in control of“控制”,in case of“以防……”。

故选D。

21.——Did you know any French before you arrived in Washington?
——Never ____ it, actually.
A.had I learned
B.have I learned
C.I learned
D.was I learningA
【答案】A
试题分析:句意:-在你到达华盛顿之前你懂得一些法语吗?-实际上我一点儿都没有学过。

首先排除C项,根据分析,可知道在到达华盛顿之前没学过法语,用过去完成时态,故A正

考点:考查部分倒装
22.The Chinese government has decided to develop the west of China,____,I dare say,will benefit the people there,especially those who are still leading a poor life.
A.what
B.whatever
C.which
D.asC
【答案】C
C点拨】可以忽略先行词和从句之间的插入语I dare say which引导非限制性定语从句,替代前面的句子。

23.________ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. A.However
B.Whatever
C.Whichever
D.WheneverA
【答案】A
A
解析句意为:不减少进食,无论你怎么努力,要减肥是困难的。

however(=no matter how)无论怎么,引导让步状语从句。

24.---Will you please repeat your idea?
---Sure. But I don’t think that you ________ attention.
A.paid
B.pay
C.are paying
D.were payingD
【答案】D
本题考查时态题。

根据语境,我认为你当时并没有集中注意力,陈述过去正在发生的事情,故用过去进行时。

句意:——请你重复一下你的想法,可以么?——好的,但我认为你没有注意。

25.—I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there?
—I __________. But my car ___________ .
A.would; was fixed
B.would have; was fixed
C.would have; was being fixed
D.did; was being fixedC
【答案】C
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和动词时态。

句意:---我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。

你为什么不开车送他去那里呢?---我本来想送他了。

但是我的汽车当时正在修理。

根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没有做的事情,应该用would have done;而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的时候,表示过去正在进行的动作,故答案选C。

26.Isn’t it lovely to think that I ________ myself on the sunny beach tomorrow at this time.
A.will enjoy
B.will be enjoying
C.am enjoying
D.shall enjoyB
【答案】B
试题分析:考查时态。

句意:我明天这个时候在阳光海滩上玩得愉快,难道不认为令人愉快吗?根据时间状语tomorrow at this time明天这个时候,表示将来的一个时间点,所以用将来进行时。

选B。

考点:考查时态
27.The factory was built in a secret place, around ________ high mountains.
A.which was
B.it was
C.which were
D.them wereC
【答案】C
试题分析:句意:那家工厂建在一个秘密的地方,周围都是高山。

介词around位于句首引起一个倒装句,high mountains是主语,谓语应该用were,which代替先行词the factory.由此可知选C。

考点: 考查非限制性定语从句的用法。

28.It was the belief _____ Alex Haley could find his “root” in Afric______ made him decide to go to Gambia.
A.that; which
B.which; which
C.that; where
D.that; thatD
【答案】D
试题分析:考查同位语从句和强调句:句意:就是Alex Haley能在非洲找到根的这种想法使他决定回到冈比亚。

第一空填that,连接同位语从句,说明belief的内容,第二空是强调句,强调the belief,选D。

考点:考查同位语从句和强调句
29.He usually appears to be honest.Who can fancy such a thing?
A.his do
B.his doing
C.his to do
D.doingB
【答案】B
试题分析: fancy sb.'s doing sth.想象某人做某事。

30.It was not until 1911, _______ the first vitamin was identified, _______ people realized the importance of it.
A.when; which
B.when; that
C.that; which
D.that; thatB
【答案】B
试题分析:考查连词搭配。

前半句为非限制性定语从句,先行词为1911表示时间且,应是在1911年,故应用when,第二空考查强调句it is not until….that…直到…才…,句意:直到1911年,第一个维他命被发现,人们才意识到它的重要性。

故选B
考点:考查连词搭配
31.The last few years ________ many natural disasters around the world, from drought to earthquake.
A.see
B.are seeing
C.have seen
D.sawC
【答案】C
句意:最近几年见证了世界各地的许多自然灾害,从干旱到地震。

动作时从过去一直持续到现在,see有见证之意,故选C。

32.Never before in our country _______________.
A.has such a thing happened
B.such a thing has happened
C.has so a thing happened
D.so a thing has happenedA
【答案】A
试题分析:考查倒装句的结构以及such的用法。

此处若不使用倒装结构,该句应为such a thing has never happened in our country before。

倒装句的结构是never+状语+助动词+主语+谓语,such一般是修饰名词,而so一般是修饰形容词,故为such a thing,句意为:之前在我们国家从没有发生过这样的事。

故选A。

考点:考查倒装句的结构以及such的用法。

33.It is said that Nigeria is ____ Great Britain.
A. three times larger of
B. the size three times of
C. three times as the size of
D. three times the size ofD
【答案】D
试题分析:句意:据说尼日利亚的面积是英国的三倍那么大。

表示倍数比较:1. A is 倍数as 形容词 as B. 2. A is 倍数形容词比较级than B. 3. A is 倍数 the 名词(size、length、width。

height) of B 。

根据倍数表达句型故选D。

考点:考查名词性从句的用法。

34.Father ________ for London on business upon my arrival, so I didn’t see him.
A.has left
B.left
C.had left
D.was leavingC
【答案】C
分析句子,由于后半句用的是一般过去式,故根据意思可知前半句的事是发生在后半句之前,故用过去完成时,故选C。

句意:父亲在我回来之前已经去出差了,所以我没有见到他。

35.An ideal job should be one that ______ what you are good at with what you are interested in. A.combines
B.connects
C.contacts
D.concentratesA
【答案】A
试题分析:考查动词辨析。

combine,结合;connect,连接;contact,联系;concentrate,集中(注意力)。

句意:一份理想的工作是结合了你擅长做的以及有兴趣做的工作。

根据句意选A。

考点:考查动词辨析
36.— Can I go now, sir?
— If you _______ leave, do it quietly.
A.will
B.may
C.shall
D.mustD
【答案】D
试题分析:考查情态动词。

句意:现在我可以走了吗,先生?如果你非得离开,请悄悄离开;must 表示一定,非要,故选D项。

37.The man fell to the ground, his left foot_____ and blood ____ down from his mouth. A.breaking;running
B.broken;running
C.breaking ; run
D.broken; runB
【答案】B
【详解】
考查独立主格结构。

句意:那人摔倒在地,左脚骨折,血从嘴里往下流。

当分词做状语的时候,如果分词的逻辑主语与句子主语没有关系,就在分词的前面直接加上逻辑主语,形成独立主格结构,该结构在作用上相当于一个状语从句。

本句中的第一空的名词his left foot与动词break构成逻辑上的被动关系,故使用过去分词。

第二空的名词blood与动词run构成主动关系,故使用现在分词。

故选B。

38.It is the interaction between people, rather than the events ___ occur in their lives, ____ is the main focus of social psychology.
A.that; that
B.that; which
C.which; which
D.that; whatA
【答案】A
试题分析:句意:这是人们之间的相互作用,相比于在生活中的发生的意外,这是社会心理学的主要关注点。

第一个that引导定语从句,that做从句的主语,第二个that是强调句式中的要求,在这里interaction做主语,所以不能用其他词代替。

故选A。

考点: 考查定语从句的连接词和强调句式的用法。

39.Clever marketing and hard work ________ ——the company’s profit hit a million dollars. A.took off
B.came about
C.carried out
D.paid offD
【答案】D
试题分析:考察词组辨析。

A. 起飞;脱掉;取消 B. 发生;改变方向 C.进行;实现D.偿清欠款;取得成功;得到报偿。

句意:明智的推销和努力工作有了回报,这个公司的利润达到了一百万美元。

故选D。

考点:考察词组辨析
40.He is not native; if he were, we ______ this discussion over his identity.
A.would not be having
B.are not having
C.had not had
D.will not haveA
【答案】A
试题分析:考查虚拟语气。

本题考查的if条件句的虚拟语气,表示与现在的事实相反,if从句中使用过去时(be动词用were),主句中使用“情态动词+动词原形”;句意:他不是本地人。

如果他是本地人,我们就不会讨论他的身份了。

故A正确。

考点:考查虚拟语气
点评:在条件句的虚拟语气中,如果与现在事实相反,主句中使用“情态动词+动词原形”,从句中使用过去时;如果与过去相反,主句中使用“情态动词+have done”,从句中使用过去完成时。

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