12级精读3期末考试范围汇总

12级精读3期末考试范围一、Synonyms:
Unit8 P186-1
1.Inconceivable——unthinkable（adj.不可思议的）
2.Promptly——immediately（adv.立即地）
3.Ferocity——fierceness（n.凶猛）
plicated——complex（adj.复杂的）
5.Scheme——plot（n.计划、方案）
6.Radiant——beaming（adj.光亮的）
7.Transparently——obviously（adv.显然地）
8.customary——habitual（adj.习惯的）
9.challenging——defiant（adj.巨有挑战性的）
10.caution——warn（v.警告）
11.mend——correct/improve（v.改正）
12.fatigue——weariness（n.疲劳）
13.rage——fury/anger（n.愤怒）
14.unutterable——unspeakable（adj.难以言表的）
U13 P322-2
1.mores——customs/conventions/traditions（n.传统、习俗）
2.evolve——develop/grow（v.发展）
3.benefit——help/aid（v.帮助）
4.associated（with）—linked（with）/related（to）（与…相关）
5.tyrant——dictator（n.独裁者）
6.approach——way of handling（处理）
7.expertise——skill/knowledge（n.专业知识）
8.preserve——guard/protect/defend（v.保护、防卫）
9.incentive——motive/motivation/stimulus（n.动机、v.刺激）
10.unbridled—uncontrolled/unrestrained（adj.不受限制的）
11.coerce——force/compel（v.强迫）
12.frivolous——trivial/insignificant/unimportant/petty（adj.不重要的、琐碎的）
13.conflict——difference/disagreement/hostility/combat（n.矛盾、冲突、争论）
14.stifle——choke/suffocate（v.窒息）
15.advocate——propose/advise/recommend/promote/favor （v.建议、提倡）
16.humble——modest/poor(adj.谦逊的)
Antonyms:
U2 P39-3
1.interior（内部的）——exterior（外部的）
2.superior（上级的）——inferior（下级的）
3.explode（v.爆炸）——implode(v.内爆)
4.major(adj.主要的)——minor(次要的)
5.feminine(女性的)——masculine(男性的)
6.inclusive(adj.包括的)——exclusive(独有的)
7.parallel(相同的)——divergent/different(不同的)
8.abate(v.减少)——increase/intensify/heighten(增加)
9.normal(正常的)——abnormal(不正常的)
tter(后者的)——former(以前的)
11.hostile(敌意的)——friendly(友善的)
U9 P213-3
1.boom（兴旺）——bust（破产）
2.optimism（乐观）——pessimism（悲观）
3.deficit（亏损）——surplus（盈余）
4.downturn（衰退）——growth（增长）
5.explode（爆炸）——implode（内爆）
6.lopsided（平衡的）——balanced（不平衡的）
7.inflation（通货膨胀）——deflation（通货紧缩）
8.prone（to）（有倾向的）——disinclined（to）（不愿意的）
9.maximize（最大化）——minimize(最小化)
10.reduce(减少)——increase(增加)
11.retard(延迟)——accelerate(加速)
12.productive(多产的)——counterproductive(使达不到预期目标的)
13.backlash——support
U10 P241-3
1.visionary(空想的)——practical/realistic/real/true(实际的)
2.fateful(重大的)——unimportant/ordinary/insignificant(无关紧要的)
3.simplify(简化)——complicate(复杂)
4.tenderness(亲切)-unkindness/ruthlessness/harshness(冷酷)
5.rapt(全神贯注的)——uninterested/bored/indifferent(漠不关心的)
6.digress(离题)——progress(进步)
7.defy(违抗)——support(支持)
8.principal(首要的)——least important(最低的)
9.rebuke(指责)—praise/applaud/approve/congratulate(赞美)
10.sanction(认可)——disapprove/reject/ban/prohibit(禁止)
11.insubordination(反抗)—obedience/subordination(服从)
12.murky(朦胧的)——clear/bright(清晰的)
13.temporary(临时的)
——permanent/lasting/everlasting/enduring(永久的)
14.volatile(不稳定的)——stable/calm/peaceful(稳定的)
二、Multiple choice:
Unit2 pp44-5 Unit 3 p72 Unit 9 pp217-4 Unit 13 pp 323-3 Unit 15 pp 360-361
Unit2
1.We haven't got much time.Let's get down to business. get down to开始认真考虑；着手处理
2.This thing is so boring. It's getting on my e on. Let's get it over and done with.
3.The death of her husband was a terrible blow to her.She just couldn't get over it.
get over 克服；恢复；熬过；原谅
4.He was very easy to get along with.And although he was poor,he managed to get by ,because he was single and had very simple needs.
get by 通过；过得去；过活；获得认可
5.The news of this killing in broad daylight got around very quickly. But the murderer was not afraid. He was sure that he could get away with it because his father was the local police chief.
get away with 侥幸成功，侥幸逃脱
6.When you get through this training course, you won't have much difficulty getting across simple ideas in English. get across 通过；使...被理解
7.She promised to take over my job immediately.That really took a big load off my shoulders.
take over 接管；接收
8.Don't take me for a fool.I'm not that easily taken in. take in 接受；理解；拘留；欺骗；让…进入；改短
9.I will take back what I said.I really believe that when the reforms begin to take effect,our education will take off. take off 起飞；脱下；离开
10.Everybody says that he takes after his grandfather,with his big fleshy nose that takes up too much space on his face. take after 与……相像take up 占据
Unit 3
1.When he heard the news,he eas infuriated beyond words. beyond words 难以描述的，无法形容的
2.When she saw how frightened he was at his mistake , her anger began to die away.
die away 减弱，消失；渐熄
3.She begged him to give her another chance.
4.He was mortally wounded in the stomach .That night he died with a contented look on his face.
contented adj. 满足的；心安的
5.For all our efforts,students are still not happy with the progress of our teaching reform.
6.Can you break up this long sentence into simpler ones.
break up 打碎，破碎；结束；解散；衰落, 这里当切开讲
7.I just need a good computer.Beside that I really don't need anything. Beside 除……以外
Unit 9
1.As general manager his job is to maximize profits and minimize costs.But he has failed on both counts
2.The insurance business is now thriving . The sector's total income is up by 15 percent compared with last year. be up 到了，结束了；起床
3.Today we are hard-pressed to accelerate our reform and keep abreast of the changing times.
accelerate 使……加快；使……增速keep abreast of 与……并驾齐驱；
4.His power was seriously eroded by succession of crises,and when he died, a bitter power struggle ensued . erode侵蚀；受腐蚀ensue 跟着发生，接着发生；继起
5.He keeps reminding the party that it might implode if it does not combat corruption effectively.
implode 向内破裂；内爆combat 反对；与…战斗
6.We have to understand that even when our plan to quadruple our GDP is carried out , we still cannot match the most advanced countries in average per capita income.
carry out vt. 执行，实行；贯彻；实现；完成match 匹配
7.Wealthy people's children do not necessarily fare better because they are prone to be spoiled.
fare vi. 经营；进展；遭遇；过活prone to be 容易受到
8.We can presume that after some time our farmers will be able to adjust to international competition.
adjust to 调节；调整以适应
9.Those seeking admission to NA TO(北大西洋公约组织) are awaiting the final decision this coming fall.
seek 寻求; await 等候，等待；期待
10.It is predicted that the permanent residence-permit system(永久居留证系统) will soon go because it discriminates against the vast rural population.
predict 作出预言；作预料，作预报discriminates against 歧视
11.I heard that it is estimated that the number of people living on less than one dollar a day has exceeded one billion worldwide. live on vi. 以...为食；靠...生活exceed vt. (数量上)超过；胜过
Unit 13 pp
1.To pass a law is relatively easy. But to enforce the law ,we have to break down the resistance of those who have benefited greatly from the old practices.
break down 分解；发生故障；失败；毁掉；制服；瓦解
2.The final negotiations(谈判) broke down, the representatives(众议院) were all called back by their governments, and soon war broke out between them.
broke out 爆发（火灾，战争等爆发）；
3.A friend of mine told me that his apartment had been broken into twice within tow months. So he had decided to move for the sake of safety.
broken into 强行进入for the sake of 为了；为了…的利益
4.We have covered all the issues except one. I suggest we break off for lunch and continue this afternoon. break off 折断；突然停止，暂停
5.The police were called out to break up the demonstration(示威游行). But the police stood on the side of the demonstrators . called out 唤起；出动；大声叫唤
6.The new situation calls for important changes in every aspect of our life.
calls for 要求；需要；提倡；邀请；为…叫喊in every aspect 在每一个方面
7.We were originally ordered to break through the enemy lines before sundown. But the play was suddenly called off. break through 突破；突围；有重要创见call off 取消；
8.Divorce(离婚) is ofter not a good idea regardless of their differences. Y oung couples should think twice before they break up. regardless of 不顾，不管
9.People will always compete for opportunities and strive for success.It is almost built into their genes.
strive for 争取，奋斗
10.The profits will be shared with our partners in proportion to their contributions to the total investment.
in proportion to 与…成比例，与…相称
11.Y oung people's plans are often in conflict with those of their parents.They are not satisfied with the life arranged for them . They want to branch out on their own. branch out 扩大活动范围；横生枝节；枝节横生12.Money is often associated with the idea of happiness,which is wrong. In a civilized society people wouldn't attach too much importance to material things. associated with 与…有关系；与…相联系
Unit 15
1.Many soldiers were so hungry as to be eating boiled boots. It was clear that tye did not feel up to climbing the snow-covered mountain. so... as to 如此...以至于feel up to 觉得可以对付，感到能胜任
2.If he should fail to bring the project to a successful close in time, he will be severely reprimanded. reprimand谴责；训斥；责难
3.I don't feel like going out today ,with the sandstorm and all.
feel like 想要and all 等等；的确；此外；连…一齐都
4.So we started off toward the nearest village which was a twenty-mile walk.Just then an orderly came to give us a horse , but we waved it away, telling his to give it to the wounded soldiers.
start off 出发，开始wave sth away 挥手示意……离开
5.Her sincere warm welcome put me at ease,and I decided to talk/pour out my heart to her.
at ease 安逸，自由自在；舒适talk out 讲出来；把…谈透
6.Have you for God's sake ever heard of someone who knows some Afrikaans?
for God's sake看在上帝面上heard of 听说
7.By that time I had already made up my mind never for all the money in the world to do anything against my conscience.
8.Any oversight might mean death. We've go to get the hell out of here before it gets dark.
oversight 监督，照管；疏忽get the hell out of here 滚开
9.At that time he kept telling us that final victory was just around the corner. His optimism saved us from despair. around the corner 在拐角处；即将来临
三、汉翻英
✧Unit 2
P44, Exercise 4: 5-9;
5. 在学习当中，重要的不是把一切都记住，而是运用你的想象力，创造性地、批判性地去进行思考。

In learning, the important thing is not to commit everything to memory, but to use your imagination and think creatively and critically.
6. 我不肯定是你能想象到的最可笑的窃贼了。

他偷偷进了屋子，尽情地吃喝，最后酩酊大醉，一脸满足的笑容，直到第二天早上被发现。

He must have been the funniest burglar imaginable. He broke into a house, ate and drank to his heart’s content, and remained dead drunk until discovered the next morning, with a perfectly content look on his face.
7. 我现在记人的名字很困难。

我想这肯定是年老造成的。

I now have trouble remembering people‟s names. I imagine it must result from old age.
8. 我们生活在很多想象的威胁当中，结果就常常感到沮丧。

We often live under many imaginary threats and feel disheartened as a result.
9. 我怀疑我们的教师有时候低估了学生的智力。

其实年轻人脑子里充满了想象。

I suspect we teachers sometimes underestimate students‟ mental capacities. Y oung people actually have very imaginative minds.
P47, exercise 3: 1-4
1. 有志者事竟成。

Where there‟s a will there is a way.
2. 俗话说每个成功男人的背后都有一个女人。

As the saying goes, behind every great/successful man there stands a woman.
3. 曾经有过一个时期这个镇上的居民可以夜不闭户。

There was a time in this town when the residents didn‟t have to lock their doors at night.
4. 上学的第一天，那男孩就明白了再也不可能回到那个天堂一样的家里去了。

On his first day at school, the boy realized that there was no question of ever returning to the paradise of home.
✧Unit 3
P71, Exercise 5: 7-10
7. 我非常喜欢你在俄罗斯拍的那些照片，尤其是那张上面有个马车夫坐在黑海边，膝盖上放着一块布，布上放着他晚餐的照片。

I am terribly fond of the pictures you snapped in Russia, especially the one showing the Russian coachman sitting by the Black Sea with his supper in a cloth on his knees.
8. ——“这事您不能就此罢休。

”我向他请求道。

——“这不关你事。

”他厉声说道。

——“Y ou can‟t just let it go at that,” I tried to plead with him.
——“It is none of your business,” he snapped.
9. 他“啪”地一下合上了公文包，站起来说：“那就这么定了。

”
He snapped his briefcase, stood up and said, “Then it‟s all settled.”
10. 海啸来的时候，他正站在小山上的家门口，离码头大概只有一百米远。

He was standing in front of his house on a hill, only about a hundred meters apart/away from the wharf when the tsunami came.
✧Unit 4
P97, Exercise 5: 1-5
1. 只有这样我们对他的这种古怪行为才能给予合理的解释。

Only in this way can we give a reasonable account of his strange behavior.
2. 她自称具有一种特异功能，用她神奇的手就能治病。

She claims to possess a magic power -- the power to cure diseases simply by the touch of her hand.
3. 他任命了五个人处理这个案件。

他们组成了一个强有力的班子。

几天内，他们就发现嫌犯拥有成卷的他无法说明来
源的欧元、美元和大量贵重物品。

He appointed five people to handle the case. They formed a strong team. Within days they found in his possession rolls of Euros, US dollars and large quantities of valuables the source of which the suspect could not account for.
4. 在这个故事里，这个妖怪常常以美女的样子出现。

In the story, this evil spirit often appears in the form of a pretty young lady.
5. 他把画卷了起来，并说一百万美元以下绝对不卖。

He rolled up the painting and said that he wouldn‟t part with it for less than a million dollars.
Unit 8
P194, Exercise 2: 1-5
1. 她径直从我身边走过，鼻子翘到了天上。

She walked right past me, nose in the air.
2. 狂风怒号，急雨击窗，我昨晚一夜没有合眼。

With the wind howling, the rain beating against the windows,I didn‟t have a wink of sleep last night.
3. 哨兵手端钢枪监视着大桥。

The sentry kept watch on the bridge, gun in hand.
4. 战士们走了，屋里、院子都打扫得干干净净，水缸也装得满满的。

The soldiers left, the house and courtyard cleaned up, the water jars full.
5. 叛乱平定了，主要的敌人消灭了，国家安定了，新共和国最终胜利了。

The new republic ultimately triumphed, with the rebellion put down, major enemies wiped out,and peace and order established in the country.
Unite 9, P217, exercise 3: 6-10
6. 政府救济就像是止痛药。

它能缓解你的痛苦，但是不能治你的病。

不就如此，你还很容易形成依赖，无法摆脱。

Government relief is like a pain-killer. It give you relief, but it does not cure the disease. Besides , you can easily get hooked on it.
7. 私营企业并不要求政府保护它们不受竞争威胁。

他们只希望不受歧视。

Private business are not asking the government to shield them against competition. They just hope not to be discriminated against.
8.我们必须把他们争过来，或者是他们中立，以便彻底孤立我们的主要敌人。

We must try to win them over or neutralize them so that we can completely isolate the main enemy.
9. 从目前通货膨胀的情况来看，可能还有必要再次提息，这样才不至于把最近这次提薪给完全抵消掉。

Judging by the rate of inflation so far, perhaps it is necessary to raise interest rates again so that the recent pay raise will not be completely neutralized.
10. 改革开始的时候，人们普遍有一种乐观情绪。

大家都相信我们的现代化事业有着光明的前景。

A general feeling of optimism prevailed when the reform started. People all believe that there were bright prospects for our modernization.
Unite 10, P246, exercise 5: 1-5
1.幸亏那天地震发生的时候，我去东京看望我姑姑了。

因此，我成了我们村少数几个毫发无损逃过这一劫的人。

Luckily enough, I had gone to visit my aunt in Tokyo when the earthquake took place. I became one of the few people in our village to escape unscathed.
2.今天世界上越来越多的人已经认识到了水的重要性。

实际上，他们认为以后的大战都会为水资源而爆发。

在很多地区，潜在的国际冲突已经极有可能快要爆发了。

Today more and more people in the world have come to realize the importance of water. In fact, they believe that the next big wars will be fought over water resources. Already, potential international conflicts are
looming large in many areas.
3.我们的教育体制需要认真改革。

它的问题在于没有想要让学生独立思考。

有趣的是，我们以善于模仿而闻名，但在创造性方面比较弱。

Our education system calls for serious reform. The problem is that it does not intend for students to be independent in their thinking. Interestingly enough, we are known for our excellent skills at copying, but we are weak at creativity.
4.我们正在逐步为实现人民币完全自由兑换作准备。

到时候，它肯定会成为一种重要的国际货币。

We are paving the way step by step for a fully convertible RMB. Given time it is bound to be an important international currency.
5.显然，没有外界的帮助他们是不可能熬过目前的金融危机的。

首先，国际社会必须勾销他们的债务。

It is now clear that they won’t be able to survive the present financial crisis without outside help. To begin with, the international community must agree to write off their debts.
Unite 13, P324, exercise 4: 7-10；
7.据说我们学校拥有一个比较自由开放的学术传统。

这个传统使我们的师生能够欣然接受外国文化可以给我们提供的最好的东西。

Our school in said to have a relatively liberal academic tradition which enables our students and teachers to embrace the best that foreign cultures have to offer.
8.我们固然要注意到农业中存在的问题，但也不能对所取得的巨大成就视而不见。

同样也可以这样看待我们的教育。

While we must be aware of existing problems in agriculture, we must not to blind to our great progress in it either. The same can be said for education.
9.不要东拉西扯，说那些无关紧要的事。

当前最重要的问题是不受控制的权力。

这一点要是不明白，我们就会有大麻烦。

Don‟t get side-tracked by non-essential issues. The most important issue by far is the unbridled power. If we fail to understand this, we‟ll be in deep trouble.
10.社会安定和改革紧密关联。

过分强调任何一方面都是不明智的。

我们必须防止走极端。

Social stability is closely associated with reform. It is unwise to overemphasize one of the other. We must avoid going to extremes.
P328, exercise 2:6-10
6.据说那男孩子做数学题和计算机一样地准确。

It is said that the boy works out mathematical problems as accurately as a computer.
7.你的售后服务越好，你能获得的市场份额越多。

The better your after-sales service is, the more market share you can ensure.
8.这位电视明星在海外受欢迎的程度比在国内高一倍。

The TV star seems twice popular with viewers abroad as with those at home.
9.那位孤独的老人说，（人生）最大的悲哀莫过于在痛苦中回忆一段幸福的时光。

There is no greater sorrow, says the lonely old man, than to recall a time of happiness in misery.
10.阅读海明威（的作品），我对写作有了新的认识。

其秘诀是说的要比需要说的少。

Reading Hemingway, I gained an insight into writing. The secret is to say less than you need to say.
Unite 15, P361, exercise 4: 1-5；
1.因为对疯牛病的恐慌，那个国家的牛肉被暂停进口了。

Import of that country’s beef was suspended because of the mad cow scare.
2.罗伯特因为吸毒受到了停学两周的处分，而山姆则因为贩毒被开除了，因为贩毒是更加严重的违法事件。

Robert was suspended from school for two weeks for drug abuse whereas Sam was expelled for selling drugs, which is a much more serious offence.
3.这也许是迄今为止所建造的最长最漂亮的吊桥，全世界都羡慕。

This is perhaps the longest and the most beautiful suspension bridge ever built. It is a envy of the world.
4.她接到奖品的时候很尴尬，别过了脸，免得让人看到她脸红。

She was embarrassed when she received the award and averted her head so that people would not see her blush.
5.很多国家都羡慕我们，因为我们成功地避免了一场严重的经济衰退。

Many countries envy us for our success in adverting a serious economic recession.
四、英译汉
Unit2: Paras.11-13
11.There is something in the American character that is even secretly hostile to the act of aimless reading, a certain hale and heartiness that is suspicious of reading as anything more than a tool for advancement. America is also a nation that prizes sociability and community, that accepts a kind of psychological domino effect: alone leads to loner, loner to loser. Any sort of turning away from human contact is suspect, especially one that interferes with the go-out-and-get-going ethos that seems to be at the heart of our national character. The images of American presidents that stick are those that portray them as men of action: Theodore Roosevelt on safari, John Kennedy throwing a football around with his brothers. There is only Lincoln as solace to the inveterate reader, a solitary figure sitting by the fire, saying, “My best friend is a person who will give me a book I have not read.”
我们美国人的性格里，甚至有一种偏见，暗中敌视无目的的阅读，总认为读书不过是升职的一种手段。

美国是一个强调社交和群体的国家，因此她有一种心理上的多米诺骨牌效应：独处会导致不合群，而不合群的人会变成失败者。

任何拒绝交际活动的行为都是可疑的，尤其是和“走出去、干起来”这一精神相矛盾的行为，那似乎是我们民族性格的核心所在。

人们印象中的美国顽固不化的书虫，唯一的安慰是林肯：他独自坐在火炉旁边，说道，“谁给我一本我没有读过的书，谁就是我最好的朋友。

”
12.There also arose, as I was growing up, a kind of careerism in the United States that sanctioned reading only if there was some point to it. Students at the nation‟s best liberal arts colleges who majored in philosophy or English were constantly asked what they were “going to do with it,” as though intellectual pursuits for their own sake had had their day, and lost it in the press of business. Reading for pleasure was replaced by reading for purpose, and a kind of dogged self-improvement: whereas an executive might learn far more from Moby-Dick, the book he was expected to have read might be the Seven Habits of Highly Successful People. Reading for pleasure, spurred on by some interior compulsion, became as suspect as getting on the subway to ride aimlessly from place to place.
我成长的那些年里，在美国还兴起了一种追求名利的风气。

人们只认可那些有用的阅读。

国内最好的文理学院哲学或英语专业学生们总是被问“你们学了这些，打算将来干什么？”好像在商业社会的压力下，纯粹的学习与研究已经过时了。

过去读书是因为乐在其中，现在变了，读书变成了某种目的，变成一种顽固的自我发展。

虽然一位高级管理人员很可能从《白鲸》这本小说中学到更多的东西，但人们却认为他应该看《超级成功人士应该具有的七种习惯》。

因内心某种追求乐趣的欲望而阅读，已经变得让人无法理解了。

人们认为这种阅读就好像一个人进了地铁，毫无目的地从一个地方到另一个地方。

13.For many years I worked in the newspaper business. For many journalists, reading in the latter half of the twentieth century was most often couched as a series of problems to be addressed: Were children in public schools reading poorly? Were all Americans reading less? Was the printed word giving way to spoken one? Had television and the movies supplanted books? The journalistic answer, most often, was yes, yes, yes, yes. And in circles devoted to literary criticism, among the professors of literature, the editors and authors of fiction, there was sometimes a kind of horrible exclusivity surrounding discussions of reading. There was good reading, and there was bad reading. There was the worthy, and the trivial. This always couched in terms of taste, but it tasted, smelled unmistakably like snobbery.
我在报界工作过多年。

很多新闻记者认为，在20世纪后半叶，大家总把阅读作为一系列需要解决的问题来谈论；现在公立学校的孩子们是不是很少读书了？是不是美国人都比以前少读书了？书面文字是不是给口头文字取代了？电视电影是不是把书本都取代了？新闻工作者在大多数情况下都回答：是，是，是，是。

而在文学批评圈里，文学教授、小说编辑、小说家在讨论阅读时，有时会带有一种令人望而生畏的排外性。

他们会评论说哪些是好书，哪些是坏书，哪些值得读，哪些毫无价值。

他们总是在谈品味，但这听上去很势力。

Unit3: Paraphrase练习（Page66）红色字体为练习中的句子，请重点看
1.“The colder!” He echoed her words, laughing too. “Ah, ah. Y ou still say the same things and there is another thing about you that is not changed at all—your beautiful voice. I don‟t know what it is—I‟ve often wondered—that makes your voice such a—haunting memor y﹍Do you remember that first afternoon we spent together at Kew Gardens? Y ou were so surprised because I
did not know the names of any flowers. I am still just as ignorant for all your telling me. But whenever it‟s very fine and warm, and I see some bright colour I hear your voice saying: …Geranium, marigold, and verbena,‟ Y ou remember that afternoon?”
“越怕冷！”他重复她的话，也跟着笑了起来。

“啊，你还是说同样的话。

你美丽的嗓音也一点都没变。

我不明白究竟是什么－－我常常琢磨——使你的嗓音如此难忘……你还记得我们第一次在邱园度过的那个下午吗？我叫不出任何花的名字，你对此感到非常惊讶。

尽管那时你跟我说了很多，但我现在还是不知道。

不过，每当天气晴朗又暖和的时候，我一看到艳丽的色彩就会想起你的声音‘天竺葵、万寿菊、美人樱’，你还记得那个下午吗？”
2.But now, as he spoke, that memory faded. His was the truer.
可是，现在听他说这些事，她的那份记忆倒是模糊了。

他说的倒是更准确。

3.He was certainly far better looking now than he had been then. He had lost all that dreamy vagueness and indecision.Now he had the air of a man who has found his place in life. He must have made money, too. His clothes were admirable, and at that moment he pulled a Russian cigarette case out of his pocket.
很明显，她现在看起来比以前好得多，完全不像以前那样不切实际、优柔寡断了。

他现在看上去像个成功人士，肯定挣了不少钱，衣着也很讲究。

这时他从衣兜里拿出了个俄罗斯烟盒。

4.. As he spoke, so lightly, tapping the end of his cigarette against the ashtray, she felt the strange beast that had slumbered so long within her bosom stir, stretch itself, yawn, prick up its ears, and suddenly bound to its feet, and fix its longing, hungry stare upon those far away places. But all she said was, smiling gently: “How I envy you.”
他轻声说着，不时在烟灰缸上弹弹烟头。

此时，她感到长期在她心中沉睡的那头怪兽蠢蠢欲动了，伸懒腰，打哈欠，竖起耳朵，突然一跃而起，瞪着一双渴望、憧憬的眼睛，看向远方。

但她只是微笑着说，“真羡慕你！”
Unit4: Paraphrase练习（Page91）红色字体为练习中的句子，请重点看
1.Lying on the bare earth, shoeless, bearded, half-naked, he looked like a beggar or a lunatic. He was one, but not the other. He had opened his eyes with the sun at dawn, scratched, done his business like a dog at the roadside, washed at the public fountain, begged a piece of breakfast bread and a few olives, eaten them squatting on the ground, and washed them down with a few handfuls of water scooped from the spring. (Long ago he had owned a rough wooden cup, but he threw it away when he saw a boy drinking out of his hollowed hands.) Having no work to go to and no family to provide for, he was free. As the marketplac e filled up with shoppers and merchants and slaves and foreigners, he had strolled through it for an hour or two. Everybody knew him, or knew of him. They would throw sharp questions at him and get sharper answers. Sometimes they threw bits of food, and got scant thanks; sometimes a mischievous pebble, and got a shower of stones and abuse. They were not quite sure whether he was mad or not. He knew they were mad, each in a different way; they amused him. Now he was back at his home.
他躺在光秃秃的地上，光着脚，留着长须，半裸着身体，看上去像个乞丐或是疯子。

他是一个乞丐，但却不是疯子。

他在日出时醒来，抓抓痒，像狗一样在路边方便，在公共喷泉里洗把脸，然后讨一片面包和几颗橄榄当早餐，蹲在地上吃了，再用手捧几捧泉水把东西都送进肚里。

（很久以前他有一个粗糙的木头杯子，但当他看到一个男孩用双手捧水喝的时候就把它扔掉了。

）由于他不用工作，也不用养家糊口，所以他是自由的。

等到集市上逐渐挤满了购物者、商人、奴隶和外国人时，他已经在这里来回游荡一两个小时了。

这里人人都认识他，或者听说过他。

他们会问他一些尖锐的问题，得到的是更为尖锐的回答。

有时他们会扔给他一些食物，但他很少表示感谢。

有时也有人恶作剧地向他扔石子，他则会报之以雨点般的石头和辱骂。

他们不知道他是否疯了，但他知道这些人都是疯子，各种各样的疯子。

这些人叫他感到可笑。

现在他回到家了。

2.Diogenes was not a lunatic. He was a philosopher who wrote plays and poems and essays expounding his doctrine; he talked to those who cared to listen; he had pupils who admired him. But he taught chiefly by example. All should live naturally, he said, for what is natural is normal and cannot possibly be evil or shameful. Live without conventions, which are artificial and false; escape complexities and extravagances: only so can you live a free life. The rich man believes he possesses his big house with its many rooms and its elaborate furniture, his expensive clothes, his horses and servants and his bank accounts. He does not. He depends on them, he worries about them, he spends most of his life‟s energy looking after them; the thought of losing them makes him sick with anxiety. They possess him. He is their slave. In order to procure a quantity of false, perishable goods he has sold the only true, lasting good, his own independence.
第欧根尼不是疯子。

他是一位哲学家，写过剧本、诗歌和文章来阐述自己的理论：他与乐意听他说话的人交谈；他有
钦佩他的学生，但他主要是通过身体力行，亲身实践来讲授他的理论。

他说所有人都应当自然地生活，因为一切自然的东西都是正常的，不可能是邪恶或者可耻的。

生活不该拘泥于刻板的社会习俗，因为那些东西是人造的、虚假的；人们应该摆脱复杂和奢华的一切，只有如此才能过上自由的生活。

富豪以为他拥有一座有很多房间、很多高级家具的大厦，拥有昂贵的华服、马匹、仆人和银行存折。

但他并不是拥有这些东西，而是依赖它们，为它们担惊受怕，并用毕生的精力照料它们。

他害怕会丢失这些东西，这个念头让他坐立不安。

这些东西控制了他。

他是它们的奴隶。

为了获得这些虚妄的，很快就会消失的东西，他出卖了他唯一真实的、持久的无价之宝：他的独立与自由。

3.There have been many men who grew tired of human society with its complications, and went away to live simply—on a small farm, in a quiet village, or in a hermit‟s cave. Not so Diogenes. He was a missionary. His life‟s aim was clear to him: it was “to restamp the currency”: to take the clean metal of human life, to erase the old false conventional markings and to imprint it with its true values.
世上有许多人因为厌倦了人世间的复杂，而选择避世，到小农场、小村庄里过简单的生活，或是隐居于山洞内。

但第欧根尼不是这样的人。

他是一位传道者。

他有着清晰的生活目标：“改变钱币上所印的价值”。

他要把印在人类生命这块干净的金属上的陈旧、虚假的传统价值符号都擦去，然后印上生命真正的价值。

5.Now Alexander was in Corinth to take command of the League of Greek States, which his father Philip had created. He was welcomed and honored and flattered.He was the man of the hour, of the century; he was unanimously appointed commander-in-chief of a new expedition against old, rich, corrupt Asia. Nearly everyone crowded to Corinth in order to congratulate him, to seek employment with him, even simply to see him. Only Diogenes, although he lived in Corinth, did not visit the new monarch. With that generosity which Aristotle had taught him, Alexander determined to call upon Diogenes.
现在，亚历山大来到了科林斯，来接管他父亲菲利普创建的希腊城邦。

在这里，他受到人们的欢迎、尊重和奉承。

他是此时此刻、甚至这个世纪最伟大的人；他被一致推举为讨伐古老、富饶又奢靡的亚洲的一支新远征军的最高统帅。

几乎所有人都涌到科林斯来祝贺他，或是指望得到一官半职，或是甚至就为了见他一面。

只有第欧根尼没有前去拜访这位新即位的君主，尽管他就住在科林斯。

于是，出于亚里士多德教给他的宽宏大量，亚历山大决定亲自拜访第欧根尼。

Unit8: Paras.14-15, 48-49
14.And so she was, a formidable woman, determined to speak her mind, determined to have her way, determined to bend those who opposed her. She had hurled herself at life with an energy that made her seem always on the run.
这就是她的为人，她是个令人敬畏、心直口快、一意按自己的方式办事的人，决意要说服与她意见向左的人。

对待生活，她总是全力以赴，看上去像是永远都在奔跑。

15.She ran after chickens, an axe in her hand, determined on a beheading that would put dinner in the pot. She ran when she made the beds, ran when she set the table. One Thanksgiving she burned herself badly when, running up from the cellar even with the ceremonial turkey, she tripped on the stairs and tumbled down, ending at the bottom in the debris of giblets, hot gravy, and battered turkey. Life was combat, and victory was not to the lazy, the timid, the drugstore cowboy, the mush-mouth afraid to tell people exactly what was on his mind. She ran.
她拿着斧子追赶鸡群，一定要宰一只来做菜。

她小跑着整理床铺，小跑着摆餐桌。

有一年的感恩节，她端着火鸡这道节日大菜，从地下室往上跑的时候，绊了一跤，在楼梯上摔倒，一直滚到楼梯底部，身上沾满了火鸡内脏的碎片，滚烫的肉汁以及摔成碎块的火鸡。

她那次严重烫伤了。

生活就是战斗，胜利不属于懒人，不属于胆小鬼，不属于游手好闲的人，也不属于不敢说心里话的人。

她不断地奔跑。

48.As I hovered over my mother‟s bed listening for some signals from her childhood, I realized that this same dispute had existed between her and me. When she was young, with life ahead of her, I had been her future and resented it. Instinctively, I wanted to break free, and cease being a creature defined by her time. Well, I had finally done that, and then with my own children I had seen my exciting future becoming their boring past.
当我待在母亲床边，听她说话，想了解些有关她童年的蛛丝马迹时，我认识到我和她之间也存在同样的差异。

她年轻的时候，未来的生活等待着她，而那时我就是她的未来，但我却讨厌这种状况。

我不自觉地想摆脱这种状况，不再按照她的标准生活。

哦，我最终实现了这个愿望，但是之后，我便和我的子女一起看着曾令我兴奋不已的未来成为令他。