小学英语英语阅读理解技巧和方法+阅读理解专项练习含答案解析

小学英语英语阅读理解技巧和方法+阅读理解专项练习含答案解析部编六年级小学英语英语阅读理解技巧和方法
阅读理解题是英语考试必考的题型之一，但是阅读理解题常常又是学生最容易丢分的地方。

那么怎样才能在英语考试中阅读理解题少丢分甚至不丢分呢?
一、先看问题，再读原文
这个是我做阅读理解题的一个习惯，先看问题，带着问题去原文里找答案，这样比较有目的性。

现在问题的形式也比较灵活，有单选，有判断正误，还有回答问题。

先了解问题具体是哪种形式，在阅读原文的时候才更有针对性寻找答案。

小学阶段的阅读理解相对来说还是比较简单的，很多问题可以在原文里直接找到答案，当然这主要是针对单选和判断来说的。

先读问题，在阅读原文的时候有的问题一下子就出来了，节约了很多时间。

二、通读全文，抓住重点
在阅读原文的时候一定不要一句一句的看，一句一句的理解，这样做会影响对整篇文章的理解和认识。

如果遇上生词，先不要管它，略过生词继续通读全文。

读完一遍能够大概明白文章讲了一件什么事。

在阅读的过程中还要注意抓住重点，即出现了哪些人物，提到了什么时间，说到了哪个地点，发生了什么事情，这些关键词最好能用笔在原文中做个记号，因为后面的问题一般都和这些关键词相关。

三、大胆猜词，掌握意思
说阅读理解题难很大程度上是因为句子中有些单词不知道是什么意思，这在理解文章意思的时候就会加大难度。

但是我们可以通过猜测单词的意思对通篇文章进行理解，可以根据上下文的意思进行猜测，还可以根据单词的构成进行猜测，比如说我们知道happy是“高兴的”，那么unhappy就是“不高兴的”。

当然这就需要学生在平时注意单词的构成。

四、反复阅读，深刻理解
做阅读理解题一般需要读两到三遍，这样对理解全文是非常有帮助的。

第一次阅读把那些能够直接找出答案的题做出来，第二遍阅读就要明白原文具体说了一件什么事情，面白了这个时候对后面一些需要理解能回答的问题这时候就可以解决了。

第三遍通读全文，对所做出的答案再确认一遍。

2． I'm a school girl. My brother and I are twins. We are both at school. We like school. My parents are both teachers. They work hard. My brother and I study at No. 1 Middle School. There are twenty-five boys and eighteen girls in our class.
We go to school from Monday to Friday. We have no classes on Saturday and Sunday. We usually get up at six. We come to school at seven o'clock. Classes begin at eight. We have four lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. We have lunch at fifteen past twelve. At three fifty we have sports.
We study Chinese, Maths, English, History, Politics and other lessons. We like Chinese. We like English, too. Some of us are good at it.
We go home at five o'clock. We have supper at six o'clock. We do our homework at seven every evening and go to bed at half past nine, but sometimes we go to sleep at about ten.
1．My brother is __________ and I am ___________.
A.a worker; a student
B.a student; a worker
C.a student; a teacher
D.a student; a student
2．We have ____________ at fifteen past twelve.
A.breakfast
B.lunch
C.supper
D.dinner
3．We begin to do our homework from ________ to ___________ every evening.
A.Monday; Friday
B.seven; half past nine
C.school; home
D.six; eight
4．There are __________ boys and _________ girls in our class.
A.eighteen; twenty-five
B.some; any
C.twenty five; eighteen
D.many; much
5．Do they often have sports in the morning or in the afternoon?
A.Yes, they do.
B.No, they don't.
C.In the morning.
D.In the afternoon.
6．What subject do they like and what subject are they good at?
A.Chinese and maths.
B.Maths and English.
C.History and politics.
D.Chinese and English.
【答案】
1．D
2．B
3．B
4．C
5．D
6．D
【解析】
【分析】
短文大意：本文是记叙文，作者介绍了自己的家庭信息、班级信息、课程信息和日常生活作息。

1．题意：我哥哥是一名学生，我是一名学生。

细节理解题。

根据I'm a school girl. My brother and I are twins. We are both at school.可知兄妹俩都是学生，故选D。

2．题意：我们在12点15分吃午饭。

细节理解题。

根据We have lunch at fifteen past twelve.可知他们在12点15分吃午饭，故选B。

3．题意：我们每天晚上7点到9点半做作业。

细节理解题。

根据We do our homework at seven every evening and go to bed at half past nine我们每天晚上7点做作业，9点半上床睡觉，可知选B。

4．题意：我们班有25个男生和18个女生。

细节理解题。

根据第一段结尾There are twenty-five boys and eighteen girls in our class.可知班上有25个男生和18个女生，故选C。

5．题意：他们经常在早上还是下午做运动?
细节理解题。

根据We have lunch at fifteen past twelve. At three fifty we have sports. 我们十二点十五分吃午饭，三点五十分做运动，可知是下午三点五十分，故选D。

6．题意：他们喜欢什么科目，擅长什么科目?
细节理解题。

根据We like Chinese. We like English, too. Some of us are good at it. 我们喜欢中文，也喜欢英语，有些人也很擅长，可知选D。

【点睛】
本文篇幅不长，内容比较简单，各个小题都能在文中找到适当依据。

只要认真阅读短文，注意前后联系，就能顺利完成阅读。

主要考查细节理解，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查小题和原文的异同。

例如小题4，要求填写班内男女生的数量，考查细节理解；根据第一段结尾There are twenty-five boys and eighteen girls in our class.可知班上有25个男生和18个女生，故选C。

3． Seven students live together in a large, bright room. The school wants students to learn to live together and think for others. Four counselors take care of them during the daytime. At least one counselor is on duty at all times.
During the night, one counselor is on duty. In the morning, he or she helps the children get ready for school, have breakfast and go to their classroom.
Young people learn to live together in the group. They learn about others, and they learn about themselves by watching others.
1．There are students in each room.
A.5
B.7
C.11
2．Some students live together .
A.just for fun
B.to study well
C.to learn to live together
3．The word “counselor” here means .
A.住校生
B.辅导老师
C.寝室长
4．Which of the following is NOT true?
A.A school dormitory(宿舍) is a place where some students live together
B.There are four counselors in the school
C.Four counselors must check the rooms during the night
5．The best title for the passage could be .
A.The School Dormitory
B.The Counselors
C.Students and Counselors
【答案】
1．B
2．C
3．B
4．C
5．A
【解析】
【分析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述为了让学生学习一起居住并且为其他人考虑，七个人会住在一个大的明亮的房间里，并且有辅导教师全天照顾。

1．细节理解题。

根据Seven students live together in a large, bright room“七
个学生住在大的明亮的房间里”可知，每个房间有7个人，故选B。

2．细节理解题。

根据The school wants students to learn to live together and think for others“学校想让学生们学习一起居住并且为其他人考虑”可知，学生们住在一起来学习一起居住，故选C。

3．词义猜测题。

根据Four counselors take care of them during the daytime. At least one counselor is on duty at all times“四个辅导老师在白天照顾他们，至少有一个辅导老师一直值班”可知，counselor译为“辅导老师”，故选B。

4．细节理解题。

根据Seven students live together in a large, bright room“七
个学生住在大的明亮的房间里”可知，宿舍就是一个一些学生住在一起的地方，
排除A；根据Four counselors take care of them during the daytime“四个辅导老师
在白天照顾他们”可知，学校中有四个辅导老师，排除B；根据At least one counselor is o n duty at all times“至少有一个辅导老师一直值班”可知，不是四个辅
导老师，故选C。

5．主旨大意题，根据Seven students live together in a large, bright room. The school wants students to learn to live together and think for others“七个学生住在大
的明亮的房间里，学校想让学生们学习一起居住并且为其他人考虑”可知，文章
的标题可能是“学校宿舍”，故选A。

【点睛】
解答词义猜测题时，可以使用如下技巧：1、根据上下文来猜测词义；2、
通过同义词或近义词来猜测词义；3、通过构词法来猜测词义；4、通过定义或
释义来猜测词义；5、通过句法功能来猜测词义；6、通过转折和因果关系来猜
测词义；7. 通过生活常识来猜测词义。

对于这类题采取“代入法”也非常有效，
即将备选答案逐一代入文中，哪一个选项能使句子的意思通顺、连贯，且与上
下文的内容一致，哪一个选项就是该题的正确答案。

例如第3题。

根据Four counselors take care of them during the daytime. At least one counselor is on duty at all times“四个辅导老师在白天照顾他们，至少有
一个辅导老师一直值班”可知，counselor译为“辅导老师”，故选B。

4．Dear Editor,
My English teacher is very strict with us. Several days ago, when we were having an English class, Tom asked me a question. But she thought we were chatting
in class. She asked us to stand at the back of the classroom for a few minutes. This made me uncomfortable. After that, I feel nervous in her class, so I don't like her class. However, I really want to learn English well. What should I do?
Mike Dear Mike,
Every teacher wants his or her students to study hard. So I think you should have a talk with your English teacher and tell her what you and Tom did that day. If
she knows the fact, she will say sorry to you and be pleased to hear that you want to learn English well.
Editor 1．Why does Mike write the letter to the editor?
A.Because he wants to tell the editor something interesting.
B.Because he wants to make friends with the editor.
C.Because he wants to share his happiness with the editor.
D.Because he wants to get some advice from the editor.
2．What happened during Mike's English class several days ago?
A.He played with Tom.
B.He asked Tom some questions.
C.He couldn't answer the teacher's questions.
D.His teacher asked him to stand at the back of the classroom.
3．Why doesn't Mike like English classes now?
A.Because he can't understand what his teacher says.
B.Because he often makes mistakes in English classes.
C.Because English classes make him nervous.
D.Because he doesn't like to learn English at all.
4．The editor asks Mike to .
A.have a talk with Tom
B.learn English by himself
C.say sorry to his English teacher
D.have a talk with his English teacher
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Tom asked Mike a question in that English class.
B.Mike doesn't want to learn English any more.
C.Mike doesn't want to speak to Tom any more.
D.The editor can't help Mike.
【答案】
1．D
2．D
3．C
4．D
5．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是两封信件，一封是迈克写给编辑的求助信，主要是英语老师很严格，误解我和同学说话，我不喜欢她的课，但又想学好英语应该怎么办？第二封是编辑写给迈克的回信，主要是让他和老师说说，告诉她误解了。

如果老师知道你的烦恼，一定会帮助你的。

你想学好英语，老师一定很高兴。

1．句意：迈克为什么要给编辑写信？—因为他想要从编辑那得到一些建议。

根据第一封信最后的What should I do?可知，是向编辑寻求建议，故答案选D。

2．句意：在几天前的英语课上发生了什么事？—他的老师让他站在了教室后面。

根据第一封信第三行She asked us to stand at the back of the classroom for a few minutes可知，是老师让他站在了教室后面几分钟，故答案选D。

3．句意：为什么迈克现在不喜欢英语课了？—因为英语课让他很紧张。

根据第一封信第四行After that, I feel nervous in her class可知，英语课上很紧张，故答案选C。

4．句意：编辑让迈克和英语老师谈一谈。

根据第二封信第二行So I think you should have a talk with your English teacher and tell her what you and Tom did that day可知，编辑让迈克和英语老师好好谈一谈，故答案选D。

5．句意：根据文章下列哪个是正确的？—在英语课上汤姆问了迈克一个问题。

根据第一封信第二行Tom asked me a question.可知A是正确的，根据第一封信最后一句话However, I really want to learn English well.可知B是错误的，C 选项这两封信都没有提到，根据第二封信可知，D是错误的，故答案选A。

5． The table shows us the prices（价格）of the two hotels in 2012-2013. Read the table carefully.
luxury：豪华
1．Sheraton Hotel is ___________ than the Sofitel Hotel.
A.cheaper
B.more expensive
C.bigger
D.cleaner
2．I want to stay in Sheraton Hotel for one night in August. I need about
____________.
A.$69.5
B.$34.8
C.$60.9
D.$30.5
3．Sheraton is open for ____________ months of the year.
A.nine
B.ten
C.eleven
D.twelve
4．How much does it cost on Christmas Eve（圣诞夜）at Sofitel Hotel?
A.$56.7.
B.$60.9.
C.$49.5..
D.$54.6.
5．It's cheaper to stay in Sofitel in May than in ____________.
A.November
B.March
C.October
D.August
6．From October to December it's more expensive to stay in Sofitel than from _______ to ____________.
A.June; August
B.January; March
C.May; July
D.July; September
【答案】
1．A
2．C
3．C
4．D
5．D
6．B
【解析】
【分析】
本篇以表格数字我们告诉2家宾馆在不同时间、不同的价钱。

Sheraton Hotel比Sofitel Hotel价钱低。

1．细节理解题。

根据表格不同时间的价格对比，可知Sheraton Hotel比Sofitel Hotel价钱低，故选A。

2．细节理解题。

根据表格可知在Sheraton Hotel 在1Jun.- 30 Sept.期间一天是$60.9，故选C。

3．推理判断题。

根据表格4月份Sheraton Hotel在维修（In maintenance），所以，一年开放的时间只有11个月，故选C。

4．细节理解题。

根据表格Sofitel Hotel在1Oct. - 31 Dec.期间一天是$54.6.，圣诞夜在12月24日，故选D。

5．细节理解题。

根据表格在1May - 31 May期间一天是$57.4；在 Jun.- 30 Sept.期间一天是$69.5，5月份的价格比8月份的价格低，故选D。

6．细节理解题。

根据表格子在1 Oct. - 31 Dec.期间的价格是一天$54.6.，在1 Jan. - 31 Mar.期间是$51.8，10月-12月的价格比1月-3月的价格高，故选B。

【点睛】
本篇阅读为表格信息。

解答前要先阅读表格的文字说明，快速浏览表格信息；再阅读题干，理解题干，捉住关键词，回归表格寻找相应的信息作答；题1、2、3、5、6考查细节理解能力，只需仔细比对信息就可得出答案，题3是推理判断题，要理解表格中In maintenance的意思才能推断答案。

解答完要比对答案和表格信息是否一致。