英语非谓语动词经典教案

合集下载
  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

非谓语动词(6~8分)
第一讲:非谓语动词(一)
教学目的:唤起学生对非谓语概念的理解,使学生掌握判断非谓语动词的方法和有关词汇的双重用法,掌握非谓语的三种形式。

教学重点:本节教学重点是判断非谓语动词的方法,有关词汇的双重用法;动名词的考点。

教学难点:掌握什么时候用非谓语
教学过程:
一、考情分析
非谓语动词在专升本中是一个重要考点,属于每年必考内容,主要考查分词做状语、定语和独立主格结构,和一些动词的固定搭配。

所谓非谓语动词是指不能作谓语的动词(针对谓语而言),也不受主语人称和数的限制,但具有动词的某些特征。

它可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语和同位语。

二、讲课过程
基础知识补充
动词的形式:五种基本形式(为了区别谓语与非谓语外加另外一种不定式形式)原形单三过去式
eat eats ate
(谓语动词形式:即可以单独作谓语)
现在分词过去分词不定式
eating eaten to eat
(非谓语动词形式:不能作谓语)
He eats an orange.(主+谓+宾)
I eat an orange.(主+谓+宾)
I ate an orange.(主+谓+宾)
I am eating an orange.(主+谓+宾)
He has eaten an orange.(主+谓+宾)
An orange was eaten by him.(主+谓+宾)
I am to eat an orange.(主+谓+宾)
含义:不能做谓语的动词
1、什么时候用非谓语?
一句话,有谓语,多动作,无连词
Seen from the top of the mountain, our school looks so beautiful. 2、形式:动名词(构成:动词原形+ing)
分词(现在分词、过去分词)
现在分词构成:动词原形+ing
过去分词构成:动词原形+ed 或done;
动词不定式
基本形式:“to+动词原形”,
有时可省去to
非谓语动词的形式如下:
非谓语动词的否定形式:not +不定式,not + 动名词,not + 分词
非谓语动词的语法功能
一、动名词
主语:Reading is my hobby.
宾语:I enjoy reading.
表语:My hobby is reading.
定语:He is in the reading room.
二、现在分词
表语:The book is interesting.
定语:It's an interesting book.
状语:He sat there, reading a newspaper.
宾补:I saw him standing there.
三、过去分词
表语:They were excited at the news.
定语:There are a few minutes left.
状语:Seen from the hill, our school looks beautiful.宾补:I saw him beaten by Tom.
四、不定式
主语:To catch the train is impossible.
宾语:They need to look at a map.
表语:My work is to clean the classroom.
定语:I have lots of work to do.
状语:I am sorry to trouble you.
宾补:He told me to close the door.
考点
动名词
考点一:动名词作宾语的动词
1.admit doing sth. 承认做某事
2.advise/suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
3.allow/permit doing sth. 允许做某事
4.appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事
5.avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
6.consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
7.delay/put off doing sth. 推迟做某事
8.deny doing sth. 否认做某事
9.like(enjoy)/dislike doing sth.喜欢/不喜欢做某事
10.escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事
11.fancy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
12.finish doing sth. 完成做某事
13.forbid /prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事
14.forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
15.give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
16.imagine doing sth. 想象做某事
17.keep doing sth. 保持做某事
18.mention doing sth. 提及做某事
19.mind doing sth. 介意做某事
20.miss doing sth. 错过做某事
21.practice doing sth. 练习做某事
22.prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事
23.report doing sth. 报告做某事
24.risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
25.stop doing sth. 停止做某事
词组:devote to,get down to,be accustomed to confess to have trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.
例题:He enjoys ___ pop music while I prefer classical music.
A. listen to
B. to listen
C. listening
D. listening to
补充知识:
及物动词:后面必须跟宾语的动词,像buy,reach,give等。

不及物动词:1、单独使用表达完整词义,无需跟宾语。

2、若跟宾语需与介词搭配使用。

Many teenagers feel no difficulty____computers.
A. to learn
B. learn
C. in learning
D. learned
The doctor advises____less and___more exercise.
A.to eat ; to take
B.eating; to take
C.eating; taking
D.to eat ;taking
The student doesn't mind___when he speaks English.
A.being laughed
B.being laughed at
C.to be laughed
ughing at
考点二:在need/require/want/be worth等词后面接动名词主动形式表被动含义。

need doing=need to be done
The sentence needs____.
A.improve
B.improving
C.improved
D.an improvement
解析:考察need的用法。

need doing sth. 某事需要被做。

句子与改进之间是被动关系,所以要用到被动。

选项里面没有被动形式,但是need的特殊用用法,可以用主动形式表被动。

所以选项是B.improving。

The problem is worth_____.
A.discussing
B.to discuss
C.discussed
D.to be discussed
解析:考察be worth 的用法。

be worth 后面不可以跟to do 不定式,只跟动名词表示被动含义。

problem与discuss之间明显为被动关系,所以正确选项是A。

句意:这个问题值得被讨论。

The garden requires___.
A. watering
B. being watered
C. to water
D. having watered
答案:A
解析:本题中的require“需要”,与need/want同义,后接动词ing形式表示被动。

题干译文:花园需要浇水了。

故选项A. watering正确。

考点三:有些动词后既可以接动名词又可以跟不定式,所表示意义不一样。

不定式表示事情尚未发生,动名词表示事情已经发生。

1、forget to do忘记去做某事
He forgot to invite his teacher to the party.
forget doing 做过某事忘记了
He forgot having reading this book.
2、remember to do sth.记得去做某事
Remember to take an umbrella when you go out.
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
He remembered being taken to Shanghai when he was a child.
3. try to do sth. 尽力去做某事
He tries to make friends with all kinds people.
try doing sth. 试着做某事
She tries making friends with all his classmates.
4. mean to do sth.打算做某事
He means to go abroad.
mean doing sth. 意味着
Giving in means giving up.
5. regret to do sth.遗憾做某事
I regret to say that you are fired.
regret doing sth.后悔做了某事
He regretted having told you the truth.
I didn't mean ___ anything but the cakes looked so good that I couldn't resist ___ one.
A.eating;trying
B.to eat;to try
C.eating;to try
D.to eat;trying
解析:考察动名词的用法。

mean to do sth.打算做某事,resist doing sth.抵制做某事句意为:我不打算吃任何东西的,但是蛋糕看起来非常好以至于我不能抵制吃一块。

Don't forget___your lawyer this weekend.
A.meeting
B.to meet
C.having met
D.met
解析:考察动名词的用法。

forget to do sth.忘记去做某事
forget doing sth.做过某事忘记了。

句意:不要忘记这周末去约见你的律师。

考点四:动名词的逻辑主语。

适用情况:当动名词的主语与句子主语不一致时,要在动名词之前加上物主代词(形容词性物主代词)或者名词所有格,构成动名词的复合结构。

My mother in law insisted on cooking meat tonight.
My mother in law insisted on my cooking meat tonight.
I vaguely remembers___something like that.
A. that he had said
B. him having said
C. his saying
D. him to say
解析:remember是及物动词,后面跟名词或者动名词作宾语,如果动名词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致要用其所有格形式,即remember one's doing sth.“记得某人曾经做过某事”,根据句意可知选项C为最正确选项。

句意:我依稀记得他曾经说过那样的话。

考点五:下列it做形式主语或形式宾语句型中,用动名词做逻辑主语或者逻辑宾语。

1、It/There is no use (no good, no point, no sense, a waste of time等名词)+doing sth. It's no use crying over the spilt milk.
2、It is good/nice/interesting/useless(等形容词)+doing sth.
It is good playing chess after supper.
It is no use ___me not worry about his injury.
A. for you to tell
B. your telling
C. you tell
D. having told
答案:B
解析:本题考查固定用法。

it is no use doing sth“做……没有意义”。

题干译文:我们担心他的伤没有用。

故选项B. your telling正确。

非谓语动词(6~8分)
第一讲:非谓语动词(二)
教学目的:让学生掌握分词的分类以及现在分词与过去分词的区别;
让学生掌握现在分词的不同形式的区别。

内容分析:本节教学重点区分现在分词与过去分词以及现在分词的时态语态
学情分析:授课学生基础薄弱,词汇缺乏,语法体系不健全,需要细致全面的讲解。

课时分配:非谓语共12个学时,前4个学时先讲动名词的5个考点。

再用4课时讲解分词的4个考点。

最后4个课时讲解不定式
教学过程:
分词
形式:ing 一般式(表示谓语动作与分词动作发生无先后顺序)
主动ing
被动being done(表示正在进行的被动)完成式(表示分词动作发生在谓语动作之前)
主动having done
被动having been done
done 表示过去已经完成的被动
分词的否定形式
分词的否定式,由not+分词构成
eg. Not having heard the news, I wrote to him again.
Eg. Not knowing how to work out the maths problem, I went to the teacher for help.
考点一:分词作状语(五种形式)分词主语与谓语主语一致
解题步骤:
1. 判断分词与主语之间的关系
主动被动
2. 判断分词动作与谓语动作之前有无先后顺序
主动无先后ing
eg.Knowing his uncle would come, he began to make some preparations.
有先后having done
eg. Having finished his homework, he went to bed.
被动无先后已完成done
eg. Seen from the sky, the earth looks like a ball.
正进行being done
eg. Being taken good care of, the little girl recovers very quickly.
有先后having been done
eg. Having been told many times, he still can't remember her name.
_______ the garden,the old man went to have a rest. (2016)
A.Having been watered B.Watering
C.Having watered D.Being watered
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词(分词做状语)。

题干中无连词有逗号,考查分词做状语。

非谓语动词water是由主语the old man 主动发出的动作,应用现在分词-ing 的形式;而且浇水water的动作发生在谓语动词动作went之前,有明确的先后顺序,故应用现在分词的完成体having done 的形式。

故选项C正确。

题干译文:老人浇完花园后,去休息了。

___, he went to spend the holiday.
A. To pass the exam
B. To have passed the exam
C. Having passed the exam
D. Passing the exam
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词(分词做状语)。

题干中无连词有逗号,考查分词做状语。

非谓语动词pass是与主语he 形成的是主谓关系,所以选择现在分词。

有明确的先后顺序,故应用现在分词的完成体having done 的形式。

故选项C正确。

题干译文:通过考试后,他去度假了。

______ tired after a hard work ,she fell into bed and went straight to sleep.
A. Felt
B. Feeling
C. Being felt
D. To feel
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词(分词做状语)。

题干中无连词有逗号,考查分词做状语。

非谓语动词feel与主语she 形成的是主谓关系,也就是主动关系,所以选择现在分词,A,C选项为被动,D不定式表将来。

故选项B正确。

题干译文:辛苦工作后她感觉非常疲惫,躺床上直接睡觉了。

____that there would be a storm, he changed his holiday plan.
A. Having told
B. Having been told
C. To be told
D. To tell
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

首先由题意知,非谓语动词与句子主语he 形成的是动宾关系,及他是“被”告诉将会有暴风雨的,所以要用到被动语态。

又因为非谓语与谓语动词之间存在明显的先后顺序,所以用到现在分词完成式的被动。

题干译文:被告知将会有一场暴风雨后,他改变了他的假期计划。

注意:when,while,once,if,unless,though等词可直接引导分词做状语。

但是必须满足两个条件:
1. 从句主语与主句主语一致
2. 从句谓语动词含有be动词
Once (it is)seen, it will be forgotten.
After (he was) shot in the leg, he couldn't run any more.
Defeated (= Though he was defeated), he remained a popular boxer.
While walking along the street early in the morning,he saw her.
While watching TV,____.
A. the doorbell rang
B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell
D. we heard the doorbell rings
【答案】C
【解析】考查while引导分词作状语的省略。

因为while后直接跟分词,所以可知道主从句的主语是同一个。

“看电视”的主语一定是we不可能是the doorbell,所以排数A,B。

比较C,D,考察hear的用法,hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做了某事。

所以正确选项是C。

Before you send the letter,____ with Bill to see if the address is right.
A. check
B. to check
C. checking
D. checked
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。

该题学生易选成C,但是要注意该题中有一个连接词before 所以是连接两个句子,需要两个谓语。

所以正确选项是A。

考点二:分词作定语(可做后置定语也可作前置定语)
形式:ing being done done
解题步骤:看分词与被修饰名词关系
主动、进行用ing
eg. Do you know the boy standing at the gate?
被动、进行用being done
eg. The bridge being built is very useful.
被动、完成用done
eg. Have you read the book written by Lu Xun.
注:及物动词的过去分词作定语除表示“完成”的动作外,还表被动的意义;不及物动词的过去分词常表示完成的动作,而不表示被动
The ____man crawled(爬)across the forest with the
___leaves on the ground.
A. dying...falling
B. died...fallen
C. dying...fallen
D. died...falling
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词作定语。

该题中die与fall都属于不及物动词,不及物动词的过去分词常表示完成的动作,现在分词常表示进行的动作知道,主语man,die的动作不是完成动作,所以选现在分词dying,而leaves,已经落到了地上,所以选过去分词fallen。

所以正确选项是C.
题干译文:奄奄一息的那个人爬过了地面满是落叶的树林。

The ___ waiter came up to us and said, “You're welcome.”
A. smiling
B. smiled
C. waited
D. to wait
【答案】A
【解析】考察分词作定语。

分词修饰的是waiter且与waiter构成主动关系所以用现在分词形式。

所以正确选项是A。

Have you got the ___ watch?
A. repairing
B. repaired
C. repair
D. to repair
【答案】B
【解析】考察分词作定语。

分词修饰的是watch且与watch构成被动关系,即“表”是被修,所以用过去分词形式。

所以正确选项是B。

考点三:分词作宾补
形式:ing done
解题步骤:看分词与宾语之间的关系
主动进行用现分ing
被动完成用过分done
接分词做宾补的动词:
1.使役动词have、get、make(只跟过去分词)
2.感官动词
五看:see,watch,look at, notice, observe
两听:hear,listen to
一感觉:feel
3.表状态的keep,leave
eg. The speaker raised her voice to make herself understood.
eg.They found their new bikes stolen.
eg.They kept the door locked for a long time.
eg. He has the little girl working every day.
eg. I heard this English song sung in her room.
eg. I heard the girl singing this English song in her name when I passed by.
Excuse me, but it is time to have your temperature_______.
A. taking
B. taken
C. took
D. take
【答案】B
【解析】考查分词做宾补。

该题中your temperature与take之间是被动关系,所以要用到过去分词。

所以正确选项是C.
题干译文:打扰一下,该测量体温了。

The manager promised to keep me ________ of how the project was going on.(2016)A.be informed B.informed
C.inform D. informing
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词(分词做宾语补足语)。

分词做宾语的补足语,keep + 宾语+ doing/done;由于宾语me与动词inform之间的为被动关系,故应用过去分词done。

故选项B正确。

题干译文:经理保证随时向我告知工程是如何进展的。

Today the police can watch cars _______ on roads by radar.(雷达)
A. run
B. to run
C. running
D. to be run
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词(分词做宾语补足语)。

分词做宾语的补足语,watch + 宾语+ doing/done;由于宾语cars与动词run之间的为主动关系,故应用现在分词doing。

故选项C正确。

题干译文:现在警察能够用雷达看车在路上行驶。

考点四:分词独立主格结构
含义: 由一个名词或代词作为逻辑主语,加上一个分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语结构,这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系,通常被称为独立主格结构。

当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时,带逻辑主语的分词短语成为独立主格结构,在句法功能上起状语作用。

eg. Weather permitting, they will go and visit the science museum.
The meeting being over, they all left the room.
名词/主格/代词与现在分词之间是主动关系
eg. The girl staring at him, he didn't know what to say.
名词/主格/代词与过去分词之间是被动关系
eg. Her glasses broken, she couldn't see the words on the blackboard.
(P95 3)A large fish is slowly swimming through the water, its tail ___back and forth
like the pendulum(钟摆)of a clock.
A. swings
B. is swung
C. is swinging
D. swinging
【答案】D
【解析】解析:考查独立主格结构。

首先题干中无连词有逗号,所以题目中的句子是一个句子。

逻辑主语与主句主语不一致,所以是独立主格结构。

前半句已经有谓语is swimming,所以后半句应该选非谓语动词。

观察四个选项,只有D项是非谓语动词形式。

所以正确选项是D
题干译文:一条大鱼慢慢在水中游泳,它的尾巴像钟摆一样来回摆动。

(P96 13) So many directors ____, the board meeting had to be put off.
A. were absent
B. been absent
C. had been absent
D. being absent
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词中的独立主格结构。

因为该题中没有连接词,又用逗号分开,而且逗号后面已经有谓语had to be put off, 所以只能处理成非谓语形式.排除了A和C。

being absent的原形是be absent(缺席),把它放在句首时,如果是主动就变成现在进行时,如果是被动就变成过去分词结构,对于这题来说是主动(董事缺席,不是董事被缺席),
题干译文:如此多的董事缺席,董事会不得不推迟。

____ pretty late,we decided to leave at once in order to catch the last bus.
A. Being
B. It being
C. As is being
D. It was being
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词中的独立主格结构。

首先题干中没有连词且是用逗号连接,所以考查的是非谓语动词。

可以排除C、D.
再看主句的主语是we, 而逻辑主语很明显不是we,而是在说“天”晚,所以要选用带逻辑主语的独立主格结构It being. 所以正确选项是B
题干译文:天太晚了,为了赶上最后一班车,我们决定马上离开。

The speech ____,a lively discussion started.
A. being delivered
B. was delivered
C. be delivered
D. having been delivered
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词中的独立主格结构。

首先题干中没有连词且是用逗号连接,所以考查的是非谓语动词。

可以排除B,D。

又因为逻辑主语是the speech,而主句主语是a lively discussion ,所以在考查独立主格结构。

再看逻辑主语speech 与非谓语动词deliver形成的是动宾关系,及演讲是“被”发表,所以要用到被动。

很明显发表演讲与讨论之间存在着明显的先后顺序,所以正确选项是D
题干译文:演讲发表完后,一场激烈的讨论开始了。

1.不定式:
考点一:
(1)一些词的固定搭配,直接接动词不定式做宾语的动词。

(记住)
如:attempt企图, aim目的, afford负担得起(重点词),offer 提供,tend 趋向于,demand要求,hope希望,long渴望,destine注定,mean意欲,打算,appear 似乎,显得,determine决定,decide决定,manage设法,arrange安排,pretend 假装,agree同意,desire愿望,swear宣誓,volunteer志愿,endeavor努力,offer 提供,fail不能,plan计划,prefer喜欢,宁愿,happen碰巧,prepare准备,learn 学习,regret抱歉,遗憾,hesitate犹豫,claim要求,promise承诺,允许,undertake 承担,consent同意,赞同,intend/tend想要,refuse拒绝,incline有…倾向,propose 提议,dare敢于, begin开始, choose选择
(2)接不定式做宾补得一些动词。

即常构成V+sb to do sth的形式(记住) ask, advise, persuade, wish, allow, permit, tell, expect, force, invite, beg, encourage, order, remind, request
历年相关真题:
18. He didn’t allow _____in his room, actually he didn’t allow his family _______ at all.(2011)
A to smoke …to smoke B. smoking… to smoke
C. to smoke … smoking
D. smoking … smoking
【解析】选 B. 本题考查动词用法。

allow为及物动词后直接跟宾语,常用于allowed sb to do sth /allow doing sth
22. —You should have thanked her before you left.(2012)
—I meant _______, but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.
A. to do
B. to
C. doing
D. doing so
解析:答案是B。

考查非谓语动词。

mean to do“打算做……”;mean doing“意味着……”。

根据句子意思排除C和D。

A项虽然符合mean to do的用法但是缺少宾语,如果句子前后宾语一致,可以同时省略谓语和宾语,所以选项B正确。

本句大意:—你应该在离开前感谢她。

—我本来打算那样做的,但是当我离开的时候,我到处都找不到她。

30. No one should blind himself_______ the well-known fact.(2014)
A. with
B. to
C. for
D. over
【解析】考查介词固定搭配。

blind to无视,不理会,to是介词。

选项B正确。

题干译文:所有人都不应该让自己忽视众所周知的事实。

考点三:一些情态动词:had better do , would rather do A than do B(宁可…而不愿…), may/might as well do(最好),can not(help)but do sth(不得不…)等句型,后接省to不定式。

(记住)
He cannot (help) but agree with his daughter. 他不得不同意他女儿。

We might as well put up here for tonight. 我们最好还是在这里过夜。

25. Rather than the bus, he ran all the way home.(2011)
A. take
B. to take
C. taken
D. took
【解析】选A。

rather than do sth意思为不愿做某事。

考点四:词组:have no choice but to do=have nothing to do but do意为:别无选择只能干什么,即介词前有动词do,后面应接不带to的不定式;如无do,则
接to不定式。

(知道)
36. That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but _______ the police.(2010)
A. called in
B. calling in
C. call in
D. to call in
答案:D
解析:本题考查非谓语动词。

have no choice but to do sth.“除了做……别无选择”。

题干译文:事情太严重了,以致于除了叫警察我别无选择。

故选项D. to call in正确。

考点四:有些动词后一般跟带“疑问词+ 动词不定式”作宾语,如:consider, discuss, explain , know, show, teach, understand, wonder, ask, find out等。

格式:Wh-to do sth. (知道)
I asked him whether to leave or to stay. 我问他要离开还是呆在这。

Please tell me how to answer the question.
24. No matter how hard I searched my bag, my new pen was .(2011)
A. nowhere to find it
B. nowhere to be found
C. to be found nowhere
D. to be found any where
【解析】选B. 本题考查不定式作定语。

因为主语与find之间是被动关系所以用to be found.
考点五:不定式做状语常用于表目的、条件、结果。

做结果状语,常用的连接词有only to,too…to,enough…to。

做目的状语的连词有in order to,so as to(不能置于句首)(知道)
13. He hurried to the hospital, only _______his father had just died. (2010)
A. to tell
B. to be told
C. telling
D. told
答案:B
解析:本题考查非谓语动词。

only to do sth.,表示意料之外的结果,她往医院赶的时候并不知道他父亲已经去世了。

he和tell之间又是被动关系。

题干译文:他匆忙的赶到医院,结果被告知他的父亲刚刚过世。

故选项B. to be told正确。

考点五:不定式的逻辑主语为it的两种表达方式:(知道)
Adj+of sb to do sth
(形容人的品质的形容词:kind,gentle,friendly,lazy,honest,wise,impolite,mean)
It’s+
+for sb to do sth
(形容事物的特征的:easy,difficult,hard,necessary…)
考点六:感官动词和使役动词用法:(知道)
(1)感官动词(feel, listen, hear , see, watch, observe)主动句后面跟动词原形,被动句要加上to.(知道,有可能出在改错题里)
I saw a man enter the shop. The man was seen to enter the shop.
(2)使役动词let,have,make的用法:
Let+V原形
Sth done让别人做某事
Sb do 让某人做某事
Have Sb doing使某人处于某种状态
Sb do sth 使某人做某事
Make
sb/sth done使什么被……
相关真题:
26. He had his book ______ at his own expense.(2014)
A. print
B. printed
C. to print
D. printing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

have sth done使某物被……。

所以选项B正确。

题干译文:他是自费印刷的书。

非谓语动词(6~8分)
第一讲:非谓语动词(三)
教学目的:让学生掌握不定式的考点;
让学生掌握不定式与分词所表达的时间区别
内容分析:本节教学重点区分不定式所做的成分;不定式省略to的情况;省略to的不定式的被动
学情分析:授课学生基础薄弱,词汇缺乏,语法体系不健全,需要细致全面的讲解。

课时分配:非谓语共12个学时,前4个学时先讲动名词的5个考点。

再用4课时讲解分词的4个考点。

最后4个课时讲解不定式
2.教学过程:
不定式:
考点一:
(1)一些词的固定搭配,直接接动词不定式做宾语的动词。

(记住)
如:attempt企图, aim目的, afford负担得起(重点词),offer 提供,tend 趋向于,demand要求,hope希望,long渴望,destine注定,mean意欲,打算,appear 似乎,显得,determine决定,decide决定,manage设法,arrange安排,pretend 假装,agree同意,desire愿望,swear宣誓,volunteer志愿,endeavor努力,offer 提供,fail不能,plan计划,prefer喜欢,宁愿,happen碰巧,prepare准备,learn 学习,regret抱歉,遗憾,hesitate犹豫,claim要求,promise承诺,允许,undertake 承担,consent同意,赞同,intend/tend想要,refuse拒绝,incline有…倾向,propose 提议,dare敢于, begin开始, choose选择
(3)接不定式做宾补得一些动词。

即常构成V+sb to do sth的形式(记住) ask, advise, persuade, wish, allow, permit, tell, expect, force, invite, beg, encourage, order, remind, request
历年相关真题:
18. He didn’t allow _____in his room, actually he didn’t allow his family _______ at all.(2011)
A to smoke …to smoke B. smoking… to smoke
C. to smoke … smoking
D. smoking … smoking
【解析】选 B. 本题考查动词用法。

allow为及物动词后直接跟宾语,常用于allowed sb to do sth /allow doing sth
22. —You should have thanked her before you left.(2012)
—I meant _______, but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.
A. to do
B. to
C. doing
D. doing so
解析:答案是B。

考查非谓语动词。

mean to do“打算做……”;mean doing“意味着……”。

根据句子意思排除C和D。

A项虽然符合mean to do的用法但是缺少宾语,如果句子前后宾语一致,可以同时省略谓语和宾语,所以选项B正确。

本句大意:—你应该在离开前感谢她。

—我本来打算那样做的,但是当我离开的时候,我到处都找不到她。

30. No one should blind himself_______ the well-known fact.(2014)
A. with
B. to
C. for
D. over
【解析】考查介词固定搭配。

blind to无视,不理会,to是介词。

选项B正确。

题干译文:所有人都不应该让自己忽视众所周知的事实。

考点三:一些情态动词:had better do , would rather do A than do B(宁可…而不愿…), may/might as well do(最好),can not(help)but do sth(不得不…)等句型,后接省to不定式。

(记住)
He cannot (help) but agree with his daughter. 他不得不同意他女儿。

We might as well put up here for tonight. 我们最好还是在这里过夜。

25. Rather than the bus, he ran all the way home.(2011)
A. take
B. to take
C. taken
D. took
【解析】选A。

rather than do sth意思为不愿做某事。

考点四:词组:have no choice but to do=have nothing to do but do意为:别无选择只能干什么,即介词前有动词do,后面应接不带to的不定式;如无do,则接to不定式。

(知道)
36. That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but _______ the police.(2010)
A. called in
B. calling in
C. call in
D. to call in
答案:D
解析:本题考查非谓语动词。

have no choice but to do sth.“除了做……别无选择”。

题干译文:事情太严重了,以致于除了叫警察我别无选择。

故选项D. to call in正确。

考点四:有些动词后一般跟带“疑问词+ 动词不定式”作宾语,如:consider, discuss, explain , know, show, teach, understand, wonder, ask, find out等。

格式:Wh-to do sth. (知道)
I asked him whether to leave or to stay. 我问他要离开还是呆在这。

Please tell me how to answer the question.
24. No matter how hard I searched my bag, my new pen was .(2011)
A. nowhere to find it
B. nowhere to be found
C. to be found nowhere
D. to be found any where
【解析】选B. 本题考查不定式作定语。

因为主语与find之间是被动关系所以用to be found.
考点五:不定式做状语常用于表目的、条件、结果。

做结果状语,常用的连接词有only to,too…to,enough…to。

做目的状语的连词有in order to,so as to(不能置于句首)(知道)
13. He hurried to the hospital, only _______his father had just died. (2010)
A. to tell
B. to be told
C. telling
D. told
答案:B
解析:本题考查非谓语动词。

only to do sth.,表示意料之外的结果,她往医院赶的时候并不知道他父亲已经去世了。

he和tell之间又是被动关系。

题干译文:他匆忙的赶到医院,结果被告知他的父亲刚刚过世。

相关文档
最新文档