友课教育【读外刊学英语第十七期】：the climate crisis
Climate crisis (气候危机)
• Opinion:
International cooperations play a significant role in solving climate crisis.
Discussion
• What are the harmful impacts of climate crisis?
(Langenberger 2015)
Langenberger, K 2015, Pitiful polar bear, Kerstin Langenberger Photography, 22 August, viewed 23 November 2015, /post/127342930652/powrd-by-plants-by-kerstin-langenberger
References
Fox , T 2009, ‘Clear the air: the fight against climate change requires a strategic plan combining mitigation, adaptation and geo-engineering, says Tim Fox’, Engineer, 7 December, p. 14.
The Los Angeles Times, 2013, Doing the Right Thing, The Los Angeles Times, 11 October, viewed 23 November 2015, </2013/10/11/the-l-a-times-doing-the-right-thing/>
Smith, A 2013, Unburnable: Risky Fossil Fuel Investments & Climate Crisis, Radio Ecoshock, 17 May, viewed 23 November 2015, </stories/2013-05-17/unburnable-risky-fossil-fuel-investmentsclimate-crisis>
climate crisis
Climate CrisisRecently, the eyes of the world focus on one point, that is the typhoon haiyan .According to scientists,there is inevitable connection between the typhoon haiyan and climate crisis .Well,there are the problems, what is the climate crisis? What causes the climate crisis? And How do we deal with it.Simply speaking, the climate crisis means that our earth has met a series of urgent problems, including global warming, acid rain, species extinction, vegetation decreasing and so forth, it will be very terrible and hard to imagine.However ,what caused the climate crisis?In my opinion that is mainly manifested in these aspects.1. The fundamental flaws of traditional industries.2. The logic that profit is the highest .3. The lack of market mechanism.4.The negative effect of science and technology.5.The development of the economic growth targets.6.The idea of human firstBut How do we deal with climate crisis?In my opinion, we should put our points on three roles in society The government,the public, and the scientists.As for our government ,they should strengthen market oversight ,also,the government should develop new energy with public.According to the survey that made by a company named after solar century In the UK that If the government help people to build solar power generation facilities,the energy people used in daily lives can completely self-sufficient. That is a good measure.For scientists,they should not only invent some technology that creating new energy,but also advocated a balanced order in society .For public ,we should not blindly panic,we should have an objective view,besides,we should follow the social morality, because The moral issues is the root cause of the climate crisis.Essentially we should choose a more rational way to develop our economic,and have a friendly concept to our climate and our environment.。
高考英语外刊精读人与自然应对海洋塑料污染
高考英语外刊精读人与自然应对海洋塑料污染导读：每年大约有800万吨的塑料废弃物最终进入海洋，相当于每分钟就有一垃圾车的塑料废弃物投入海洋，这对海洋和气候都有着严重破坏作用。
该如何应对海洋塑料污染呢，今天来阅读彭博社的一篇文章了解一下吧。
一、文本泛读The dangers of excessive plastic—from harming wildlife to worsening climate change—are acute. Policy makers need a bold response.Some 8 million metric tons of plastic debris end up in the ocean each year, the equivalent of a garbage truck every minute. At the current pace, the seas may have more plastic than fish by the middle of the century. An international treaty to tackle this mess, which states at the United Nations’ Environment Assembly this week have agreed to hammer out, is welcome—but companies and policy makers shouldn’t wait to start addressing the crisis head on.As things stand, the picture is grim. Consumers buy a million plastic drinking bottles a minute and use trillions of plastic bags every year, not to mention an immense amount of polyester and other synthetic textiles. Less than a tenth of all that material is recycled. Companies and governments have promised to cut back and reuse more, but even if those targets were met, they’d only reduce the plastic flowing into the ocean by 7% by 2040.Plastic is also taking a toll on the climate. By poisoning crucial wildlife, it’s inhibiting the ocean’s ability to ac t as a natural carbon sink. Demand for plastic drives significant use of oil, natural gas and coal, with petrochemicals expected to account for a third of growth in oil demand between now and 2030. That will take a significant bite out of the world’s carbo n budget and threaten efforts to prevent global temperatures from rising by more than 1.5 degrees.So what can be done?First, it’s important to recognize that this a global problem that requires a global solution. The UN process is off to a promising start: Nearly 200 countries agreed yesterday to work toward a treaty eventually banning plastic pollution. The U.S. should show leadership in this process by setting ambitious goals, encouraging other member states to comply, and offering generous support for developing countries that lack sufficient waste-management systems.One reasonable aim for the process would be to establish global production limits for non-recyclable plastic and to phase out the pernicious single-use kind in the years ahead. This is no small challenge, given how widely such material is used and how critical it is in emerging markets, where it helps provide clean water and protection from contaminants.The key will be to pair any such restrictions with fiscal measures (whether incentives or sanctions) to ensure existing plastic is kept in use for longer, while supporting research into alternative materials and recycling systems. Governments should aim to make inventive replacements for plastic—made using shrimp shells, corn, algae and other materials—more cost-competitive. They should also fund more research into the dozens of mitigation technologies now under study, from solar powered “interceptors” that scoop up river pollution before it reaches the ocean, to specially engineered enzymes that quickly break down plastics into their constituent chemicals. Meanwhile, it’s fair to expect more accountability from manufacturers, who are well aware of the harms their products can cause. As a start, they should be required to phase out toxic additives and boost the levels of recycled content they use. They should be encouraged to simplify complex, multilayered packaging, which hampers recycling efforts even in developed markets like the U.S. They should also work with world governments to channel financial and technical support to poorer nations to improve waste collection and landfill management.The good news is that consumer-facing companies are already moving in the right direction, providing increased transparency on plastic consumption. Investors, alert tothe risks that come with polluting products, should demand uniform disclosures on plastic content, just as they’ve done with carbon. Transparency, especially when ordinary shoppers are involved, can often encourage rapid change. Companies like Bacardi Ltd.—which is experimenting with a new type of plastic bottle that can decompose in a matter of months, under the right conditions—deserve credit for bringing innovation to bear on the problem.The plastic emergency has been building for years. U nfortunately, the world doesn’t have the luxury of time in trying to resolve it. The sooner these efforts start, the better.二、文本精读The dangers of excessive plastic—from harming wildlife to worsening climate change—are acute. Policy makers need a bold response.●excessive adj.过分的，过度的[excessive plastic指的就是塑料污染]●bold adj. 果敢的，敢于冒险的，大胆的Some 8 million metric tons of plastic debris end up in the ocean each year, the equivalent of a garbage truck every minute. At the current pace, the seas may have more plastic than fish by the middle of the century. An international treaty to tackle this mess, which states at the United Nations’ Environment Assembly this week have agreed to hammer out, is welcome—but companies and policy makers shouldn’t wait to start addressing the crisis head on.●debris n.残渣，垃圾，废弃物●equivalent n.相等的东西，等量，对应词●mess n.肮脏，杂乱；麻烦，困境●state n.国家●the United Nation’s Environment Assembly联合国环境大会●hammer out 反复讨论出（一致意见），充分研讨出（决定）●head on 正面地，迎面地；（解决问题）积极地，认真地【长难句解析】An international treaty to tackle this mess, which states at the United Nations’ Environment Assembly this week have agreed to hammer out, is welcome—but companies and policy makers shouldn’t w ait to start addressing the crisis head on.译文：本周各国在联合国环境大会上一致同意可以达成一项国际条约来解决塑料污染的问题，这一条约广受欢迎——不过公司和政策制定者若要正面解决危机，不应再等待。
高考英语时事新闻阅读阅读气候变化严重危害人类和野生动物的健康
时文阅读| 气候变化严重危害人类健康重点词汇victim /ˈvɪktɪm/n. 受害者，罹难者the leading cause of 主要的原因insecurity /ˌɪnsɪˈkjʊrəti/n. 不安全，无把握food insecurity食品不安全destroy /dɪˈstrɔɪ/v. 破坏，毁灭destructive /dɪˈstrʌktɪv/adj. 破坏性的毁灭性的destruction /dɪˈstrʌkʃn/n. 破坏，摧毁disaster /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/n. 灾难，灾害A travel brochure. 一本旅游手册brochure /ˈbrəʊʃə(r)/n. 小册子climate change /ˈklaɪmət tʃeɪndʒ/气候变化consequence /ˈkɑːnsɪkwens/n. 结果，后果track /træk/ v. 追查，追踪；记录……的进展indicator /ˈɪndɪkeɪtər/n. 标志，迹象worsen /ˈwɜːrs(ə)n/v. （使）恶化，publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/v. 出版，发行punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/v. 处罚，惩罚shock冲击，撞击take sth seriously认真严肃对待某事disrupt /dɪsˈrʌpt/v. 中断，扰乱,瓦解livelihood /ˈlaɪvlihʊd/n. 生计，营生continent /ˈkɑːntɪnənt/n. 洲，大陆remain untouched保持没有被改变或影响。
globally /ˈɡloʊbəli/adv. 全球地expose … to …使曝光/暴露于exposure /ɪkˈspoʊʒər/n. 暴露，接触At the moment现在，当前时间failure /ˈfeɪljər/n. 失败；失败的人severe /sɪˈvɪr/adj. 十分严重的，极为恶劣的well-being n. 幸福，安康highlight the urgent need for immediate action to reduce the destructive health impacts强调迫切需要立即采取行动，减少对健康的破坏性影响submit to sb /səbˈmɪt tu/屈服于：向他人提交或提供某物claim /kleɪm/v. 声称，断言；索取，索要（钱）；要求（拥有），认领urge sb to do 敦促某人做某事urgency /ˈɜːrdʒənsi/n. 紧急；迫切需要；紧急的事，紧迫性urgent /ˈɜːrdʒənt/adj. 紧急的，急迫的；急切的Educate the public about health issues. 就健康问题教育公众。
global issue有关的课文
global issue有关的课文全球变暖：一个全球性问题全球变暖是当今世界所面临的一个重大全球性问题，它对人类和地球环境产生了深远的影响。
随着工业化和城市化的发展，人类活动释放出大量温室气体，导致地球气候系统发生变化，进而引起全球变暖。
本文将探讨全球变暖对气候、生态和经济方面的影响，并提出一些解决这一问题的方法。
全球变暖导致气候变化。
气候是指某个地区长期的天气状况，而全球变暖加剧了极端天气事件的发生频率和强度。
例如，干旱、洪水和暴风雨等极端天气现象的增多，给农业生产、水资源管理和城市规划等方面带来了巨大挑战。
此外，全球变暖还导致冰川融化和海平面上升，给沿海地区造成严重威胁，加剧了自然灾害的风险。
全球变暖对生态系统造成了严重影响。
许多动植物物种的分布范围发生变化，生态系统的平衡被打破。
一些生态系统可能无法适应气候变化，导致物种灭绝和生态系统崩溃。
例如，珊瑚礁受到海水温度升高和酸化的威胁，大量珊瑚死亡，影响海洋生态系统的可持续发展。
此外，全球变暖还导致生物多样性减少，破坏了生态系统的稳定性。
全球变暖对经济产生了重大影响。
随着气温升高，农作物的生长季节和产量受到影响，农业生产减少，食品安全问题日益突出。
此外，全球变暖引发的自然灾害给经济发展带来了巨大损失。
例如，洪水和飓风造成的破坏性影响，使许多国家的基础设施受损，经济发展受阻。
此外，全球变暖还影响能源供应和需求，加剧了能源安全问题。
针对全球变暖这一全球性问题，我们必须采取行动来应对。
首先，国际社会应加强合作，制定全球减排目标，并落实相关政策和措施。
各国应减少温室气体排放，推动可再生能源的发展，促进低碳经济的转型。
其次，我们应关注节能减排和资源循环利用，推动可持续发展。
此外，加强环境教育和公众意识，提高人们对全球变暖问题的认识和理解，促进可持续生活方式的普及。
全球变暖是一个全球性问题，对气候、生态和经济产生了深远影响。
我们应加强合作，采取措施应对全球变暖，实现可持续发展。
加拿大总理斯蒂芬·哈珀国会下议院英语演讲稿：应对气候变化的重要性
加拿大总理斯蒂芬·哈珀国会下议院英语演讲稿：应对气候变化的重要性Ladies and gentlemen,It is no secret that the issue of climate change is one of the most pressing challenges facing not only Canada, but the entire world. The scientific evidence behind the reality of climate change and its potentially disastrous consequences is overwhelming. Therefore, it is imperative that we take immediate and concerted action to address this issue.As Canadians, we take pride in our natural environment and all the beauty it has to offer. From the majestic Rocky Mountains to the pristine lakes and forests of Ontario, we are blessed to have such a diverse and unique landscape. However, this natural beauty is under threat from the effects of climate change.Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and rising sea levels are just some of the impacts of climate changethat we are already witnessing. These effects could have disastrous consequences for our economy, our infrastructure, and ultimately, our way of life.Therefore, we must take action to limit our greenhouse gas emissions and transition to a cleaner, more sustainable future. This requires us to make significant investments in clean energy technology, to promote energy efficiency, and to encourage the development and adoption of renewable energy sources. It also means working with the international community to address this issue on a global scale.One of my government's key priorities has been to address the issue of climate change in a responsible, effective manner. We have taken steps to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions, including implementing a carbon pricing system and investing in clean energy research. We have also worked to foster international cooperation on this issue, including through our participation in the Paris Agreement.But there is still much more work to be done. We must continue to take bold action and invest in new solutions to address the challenges of climate change. We must also workto ensure that our economy remains strong and resilient in the face of this challenge.Ultimately, the issue of climate change is not just an environmental issue - it is an economic, social, and moral issue as well. We owe it to future generations to take the necessary steps to address this issue and ensure that theyare able to enjoy the same natural beauty that we enjoy today.In conclusion, I urge all Canadians to join me in this effort and to work together to address the challenge ofclimate change. By working together, we can create a cleaner, more sustainable future for all Canadians and for future generations. Thank you.。
Climate Change A Global Crisis
Climate Change A Global Crisis Climate change is a global crisis that has been a topic of concern for many years. The impact of climate change is far-reaching and affects various aspects of our lives, including the environment, economy, and human health. It is a complex issue that requires immediate action and collaboration from individuals, governments, and organizations around the world. From an environmental perspective, climate change is causing significant changes to the Earth's ecosystems. Rising temperatures, melting ice caps, and extreme weather events are just a few of the many consequences of climate change. These changes have a profound impact on wildlife, leading to habitat loss, species extinction, and disruptions in food chains. Additionally, the increase in greenhouse gas emissions is contributing to ocean acidification, which has detrimental effects on marine life and coral reefs. The economic implications of climate change are also substantial. The cost of natural disasters, such as hurricanes, wildfires, and droughts, is rising as a result of climate change. These events not only cause damage to infrastructure and property but also lead to loss of life and displacement of communities. Furthermore, the agricultural sector is heavily impacted by climate change, as changes in temperature and precipitation patterns affect crop yields and livestock production. This can result in food shortages and increased prices, ultimately affecting global food security. On a human health level, climate change poses significant risks. The increase in extreme heat events can lead to heat-related illnesses and deaths, particularly among vulnerable populations such as the elderly and young children. Additionally, changes in temperature and precipitation patterns can affect the spread of vector-borne diseases, such as malaria and dengue fever. Poor air quality, a consequence of increased air pollution from industrial activities and transportation, also contributes to respiratory problems and other health issues. Addressing climate change requires a multifaceted approach that involves mitigation and adaptation strategies. Mitigation efforts focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions through the transition to renewable energy sources, energy efficiency improvements, and sustainable land use practices. Additionally, reforestation and afforestation projects play a crucial role in sequestering carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.On the other hand, adaptation strategies aim to build resilience to the impacts of climate change, such as developing early warning systems for extreme weather events, implementing infrastructure improvements to withstand climate-related hazards, and promoting sustainable water management practices. Individuals also play a vital role in combating climate change. Making simple changes in daily habits, such as reducing energy consumption, minimizing waste, and opting for sustainable transportation options, can collectively have a significant impact. Furthermore, advocating for policy changes and supporting initiatives that promote environmental conservation and sustainability are crucial in driving systemic change. Governments and international organizations have a responsibility to enact policies and agreements that address climate change on a global scale. The Paris Agreement, for example, is a landmark international treaty that aims tolimit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius. Additionally, investing in clean energy technologies, establishing emissions targets, and providing financial support to developing countries for climate action are essential components of global efforts to combat climate change. In conclusion, climate change is a pressing global crisis that requires immediate and concerted action. The far-reaching impacts of climate change on the environment, economy, and human health necessitate a comprehensive and collaborative approach to mitigation and adaptation. It is imperative for individuals, governments, and organizations to work together to address this critical issue and safeguard the planet for future generations.。
大学英语演讲PPT——气候变化带来的影响
2 agriculture and food security.
PART2
第二 部分
This is particularly problematic in developing countries and regions that are already struggling with poverty and hunger. Climate change can also affect the distribution and availability of water resources, further compounding the challenges faced by agricultural communities.
4 economic impact.
PART4
第四 部分
Climate change can also affect key
industries like tourism and hydropower
production, as changing weather
patterns and glacial melt impact water
Conclusion
This includes reducing greenhouse gas emissions, adapting to changing conditions, and promoting sustainable development practices that protect both the environment and human well-being.
5 social stability and security.
PART5
第五 部分
中考英语时事阅读第17期
中考英语时事阅读第17期Passage 1：Worldwide defenceDuring the outbreak of novel coronavirus, cities are locked down and borders are closed. Science, on the contrary, is becoming more open. And this “open science” is already making a difference.Soon after the epidemic started in China, a research team from Fudan University in Shanghai successfully sequenced (测定序列) the DNA of the virus. But they didn’t keep the information to themselves. Instead, they placed the sequences on GenBank, an open-access data platform, so researchers around the world could download them for free and start studying the virus.Due to this openness, pharmaceutical (制药的) companies across the globe are now able to work simultaneously (同时地) to develop a vaccine. “There may be room for multiple different vaccines for different purposes and different age groups,” Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security in the US, told Al Jazeera. “The bigger menu we have of vaccines, the more resilient (有适应力的) we’ll be against coronavirus outbreaks in the future.”Major drug companies around the world are also sharing their study results. Remdesivir, a drug originally developed by US company Gilead Sciences to treat Ebola, is found to be promising in fighting against the novel coronavirus. Currently, two trials of the drug are already underway in China, and the results might be available as soon as April, according to The Verge.This openness in science is going to be even more crucial (关键的) in the future. “With climate change, increasing globalization, and population shifts, epidemics will not go away, and might even be come more frequent,” Dan Barouch, a Harvard Medical School professor, told Harvard Magazine.He said, “No one group can do everything. It has to be a coordinated (合作的) approach. But I do think that the world has a greater sense of readiness this time to develop knowledge, drugs, and therapeutics (疗法) very rapidly.”Every epidemic is indeed a crisis, but it can also be a learning opportunity. One redeeming (补偿的) factor of the COVID-19 outbreak is that it is helping science adapt for the better.1：What does the article mainly talk about?A. Coordinated efforts to fight the epidemic.B. Something positive we’ve learned from the epidemic.C.The significance of openness and sharing of scientific knowledge.D. What needs to be done to prevent future epidemics.2：What is the positive effect of the research team from Fudan University placing the genetic sequence of the virus onto GenBank?A.They alerted the world to the danger of the virus.B. They helped remove people’s fear of the virus.C.They showed the world how to produce a vaccine.D.They invited collective efforts worldwide to develop a vaccine.3：What is the author’s purpose of mentioning remdesivir in the text?A.To introduce a possible cure for the epidemic.B. To compare the treatment of Ebola and the novel coronavirus.C.To prove that many drug companies readily share their discoveries.D.To show that the novel coronavirus will soon be contained.4：Which of the following would Dan Barouch probably disagree with?A.Epidemics will be less frequent thanks to scientific development.B. The world is becoming better prepared to deal with epidemics.C.No single group can fight against the epidemics independently.D.The increase in globalization may worsen future epidemics.参考答案：CDCAPassage 2：Clever words inspire usFeel bored staying at home? So does the virus. If you stay longer, the virus will be bored to death.” This is how Zhang Wenhong asked people to stay indoors during the outbreak. Zhang is head of the infectious diseases department (感染科) at Huashan Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University in Shanghai. He also works as head of the Shanghai expert team that treats novel coronavirus pneumonia. These days, Zhang has become an internet celebrity (网红) due to his funny and frank (率直的) way of talking.He first caught people’s attention in late January, when he asked the members of the Communist Party of China (共产党员) in his department to go to the frontline hospitals. His reason was simple: They have “vowed (宣誓) to put people’s interests first.” His straig htforward way of speaking quickly won applause (赞赏) across the country. Meanwhile, as a Party member himself, Zhang set an example by checking on pneumonia patients every day. “I do it in person because I need to encourage other colleagues (同事),” he told t he media.Zhang believes in the traditional Chinese idea that “the best doctors prevent the disease (上医治未病)”. That’s why he tries his best to spread scientific knowledge on how to prevent the epidemic. His sense of humor (幽默) has made it easier for the knowledge to reach the public. He and his team also update their WeChat account every day with timely analyses (分析) of the epidemic to drive away public worries. One of his articles got more than 10 million hits.But Zhang might not care about his sudden fame (名声). When asked about his feelings after becoming famous, Zhang told the media, “Don’t pay attention to me. Pay attention to Wuhan. I’m not a celebrity. I’m a doctor.”Zhang Wenhong’s quotes go viral online“Everyone is a soldier. You’re not just quar antining (隔离) yourself at home,but combating (战斗) the virus.”“You are not a doctor, but what you do is more important than what doctors do.”“When you speak less, your thoughts spring (涌出). Staying indoors will bring you benefits (好处).”1：What won Zhang Wenhong sudden fame on the internet?A. His medical skills.B. His way of speaking.C. His personal stories.D. His special treatments.2：What do we know about Zhang Wenhong?A. He is not a CPC member.B. He put people’s interests first.C. His straightforward way of speaking offends some people.D. He encouraged his colleagues to stay away from patients.3：According to Zhang, the best way to stop the virus is _____.A. to prevent itB. to develop a vaccineC. to check patientsD. to do more research4：We might describe Zhang Wenhong as _____.A. a strict personB. an irresponsible manC. a superstarD. a respectable doctor参考答案：BBADPassage 3：Surprise volunteerOn Feb 12, Dalian (not his real name) was taking a train to Changsha, Hunan, for a business trip. While on the train, he went into a carriage (车厢) to have lunch and chose to remain in the carriage. He did not realize that the carriage was only forpeople heading to Wuhan.Several hours later, when the train arrived in Wuhan, Dalian was asked to get off, as he was in the special carriage. Although he was surprised, he didn’t want to cause trouble and got off the carriage with just a single bag.As Wuhan had been locked down because of the epidemic, Dalian couldn’t find a hotel to stay in. Feeling at a loss, he saw a notice online looking for volunteers to work in hospitals. The payment was 500 yuan a day. Dalian decided to give it a try.He soon became a volunteer at Wuhan No 1 Hospital. He was responsible for taking out trash, mopping (拖) the floor, disinfecting (消毒) the hospital, dealing with used protective suits and bringing meals to patients.The young man, reportedly from northeast China, had to work 12 hours every day, changing his protective suit three times a day. While working, he couldn’t dri nk anything or go to the bathroom. He also had to have close contact with infected patients, which is risky.Dalian was afraid of getting infected at first. “When I entered the wards (病房), I was kind of frozen (僵硬的) and felt like I couldn’t move,” he said. But after seeing more patients get better, his fear gradually went away.Dalian’s story has since gone viral (走红的) online. People were surprised by his experience, but also described him as having “a heart of gold”.1.Why did Dalian have to get off in Wuhan?2.What made Dalian decide to work at a hospital?3.What did Dalian’s job include？4.What does this passage try to tell us?5.what do you think of Dalian？参考答案：1：Because he was in the wrong carriage.2：He had nowhere to go.3：taking out trash and mopping the floor and dealing with used protective suits4：Everyone can fight the virus in their own way.5：helpful and warm-heartedPassage 4：Changing the way of greetingHandshakes, high fives, kisses on the cheek, hugging… people all over the world greet each other in different ways that more or less need close contact. Because of the novel coronavirus outbreak, people are changing how they greet each other to prevent the virus from spreading. They have come up with some creative ways to say hello.FranceFrench people prefer (更喜欢) to kiss on the cheek to greet each other. It is a regular (经常的) greeting for them, even between people who have only just met. They shake hands at work as a formal greeting. As kissing and handshaking may spread the virus, French lifestyle expert Philippe Lichtfus said simply looking into a person’s eyes is good enough as a greeting.AustraliaIt’s a very Australian thing to put your hand out to shake hands. However, it’s risky at this time. Brad Hazzard, the New South Wales health minister, advised people to pat (拍) each other on the back. “I would be suggesting to the community ... it’s time that Aussies (澳大利亚人) actually gave each other a pat on the back for the time being－no handshaking,” he said.IranIn Iran, a video has gone viral online. It shows three friends meeting, hands in their pockets, and two of them tapping their feet against each other as a greeting. It seems to be a good way to replace their traditional greetings –handshaking and hugging. A similar video in Lebanon (黎巴嫩) shows singer RaghebAflama and comedian (喜剧演员) Michel Abou Sleiman tapping their feet against each other while making kissing noises with their mouths.UAEA nose-to-nose greeting is popular in the United Arab Emirates (阿拉伯联合酋长国). People there rub (摩擦) their noses together upon meeting or leaving each other’s company. Now the UAE’s Health and Prevention Ministry is advising people to avoid this traditional greeting. It also said that people shouldn’t shake hands, kiss or hug. Instead, they should greet each ot her “by waving (挥手) only”.Which greetings are safest?Athletes often give high-fives to congratulate each other. Now the NBA suggests players replace high-fives with fist bumps (碰拳). Is it safer? Scientists at Aberystwyth University, UK, did a study on this in 2014.They took a pair of rubber (橡胶) gloves, dipped (蘸) one in a kind of bacteria (细菌) and then performed different greetings to study how bacteria transferred (传播). The study showed that fist bumps can greatly cut down on the transfer of bacteria.A handshake transfers 10 times as many bacteria as a fist bump because it has larger area of contact and lasts longer.7. Tap feet 8. WavePassage 5：最令我们感动的人2020 年伊始，新型冠状病毒肺炎（NCP）在我国蔓延。
2020高考英语外刊时文人与自然海平面上升危及更多城市精选精读(8页)
2020高考英语外刊时文人与自然海平面上升危及更多城市精选精读文章导读：人类活动导致全球气候变暖，两极冰川融化，海平面上升已是不争的事实。
然而最新研究发现，此前的数据大幅低估了这一变化带来的影响。
在新模型预测下，到2050年，胡志明市、曼谷和孟买等许多沿海城市或将不复存在，数亿人口将被迫迁徙，由此引发的危机甚至可能让冲突频发的伊拉克地区更加动荡。
海平面上升还可能带来哪些隐患？这项最新研究在技术上有何突破？一起来学习今天的文章。
Rising Seas Will Erase More Cities by 2050, New Research Shows Rising seas could affect three times more people by 2050 than previously thought, according to new research, threatening to all but erase some of the world’s great coastal cities.The authors of a paper published Tuesday developed a more accurate way of calculating land elevation based on satellite readings, and found that the previous numbers were far too optimistic. The new research shows that some 150 million people are now living on land that will be below the high-tide line by midcentury.In Thailand, more than 10 percent of citizens now live on land that is likely to be inundated by 2050, compared with just 1 percent according to the earlier technique. The political and commercial capital, Bangkok, is particularly imperiled.In other places, the migration caused by rising seas could trigger or exacerbate regional conflicts.Basra, the second-largest city in Iraq, could be mostly underwater by 2050. If that happens, the effects could be felt well beyond Iraq’s borders, according to John Castellaw, a retired Marine Corps lieutenant general.Further loss of land to rising waters there “threatens to drive further social and political instability in the region, which could reignite armed conflict and increase the likelihood of terrorism,” said General Castellaw, who is now on the advisory board of the Center for Climate and Security, a research and advocacy group in Washington.“So this is far more than an environmental problem,” he said. “It’s a humanitarian, security and possibly military problem too.”生词好句：1.erase /ɪˈreɪs/ vt. 抹掉，彻底删除；擦掉（to remove writing from paper; to remove information from a computer memory or recorded sounds from a tape）The computer crashed, and all our records were erased.电脑崩了，所有的记录都没了。
2023届高考英语最新热点阅读：大型冬季风暴席卷美国 致使70多万用户断电数千架航班取消(含练习题)
US deep freeze leaves more than 700,000 without power, thousands of flights canceled大型冬季风暴席卷美国，致使70多万用户断电数千架航班取消An arctic blast that gripped much of the United States on Saturday left more than 700,000 without power, at least 16 dead from weather-related car crashes, and thousands stranded due to flight cancellations. Plummeting temperatures were expected to bring the coldest Christmas Eve on record, and energy systems across the country were strained by rising demand for heat and storm-related damage to transmission lines.当地时间12月24日，一股来自北极的极寒风暴席卷了美国大部分地区，造成70多万人断电，至少16人死于与天气有关的车祸，数千人因航班取消而受困。
骤降的气温预计将带来有记录以来最冷的平安夜，美国各地的能源系统因高温需求上升和风暴对输电线路造成的破坏而紧张。
The latest outage numbers are a sharp drop from the 1.8 million US homes and businesses left without power as of early Saturday morning, according to tracking site . Many electric companies continued to ask customers to conserve energy by not running large appliances and turning off unneeded lights.美国电力跟踪网站的数据显示，截至24日凌晨，美国有180万家庭和企业断电，目前，全美断电用户数已有明显下降。
TED演讲稿：The state of the climate crisis in 2021
TED演讲稿The state of the climate crisis in 20212021 年的气候危机状况Climate Action Tracker2021 is a crucial year in the fight against climate change. According to the Paris Agreement timetable, this year, governments must make key decisions on updating their climate action plans. Are we on track to meet the goal of limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius? There is good news and bad news, and the details matter, so let's explore the data.在对抗气候变迁上2021 是关键的一年。
根据巴黎协定的时间表，今年政府必须做出重要决策，决定如何更新其行动计划。
我们是否正朝向将全球暖化限制在摄氏1.5 度之内的目标迈进？有好消息也有坏消息，且细节很重要，所以，咱们来探讨一下资料。
Under the 2015 Paris Agreement, all countries agreed to hold the global average temperature increase well below 2 degrees Celsius, and to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Scientists, including the IPCC, tell us that to meet this 1.5-degree warming limit, global greenhouse gas emissions need to be cut in half by 2030, and carbon dioxide emissionsneed to reach net zero by around 2050 -- an enormous but achievable challenge.在2015 年的巴黎协定下，所有国家皆同意要让全球平均温度增加控制在摄氏2 度以内，并且尽力而为将之限制在摄氏1.5 度以下。
关于全球气候变化的英文名著选段
关于全球气候变化的英文名著选段以下是全球气候变化的英文名著《An Inconvenient Truth》的选段："The climate crisis is not just about the environment. It is a challenge to our civilization and our way of life. The time for denial is over. We must act now before it’s too late.Rising temperatures, melting ice caps, extreme weather events –these are not just random occurrences. They are the result of human activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels. Our addiction to coal, oil, and gas is causing the Earth to warm at an alarming rate.But there is hope. We have the technology, the knowledge, and the resources to tackle this crisis. We must transition to clean, renewable energy sources like solar and wind power. We must invest in energy efficiency and conservation. And we must change our consumer habits and embrace a sustainable way of living. The impacts of climate change are already being felt around the world – from more frequent and intense hurricanes, to prolonged droughts and devastating wildfires. But it’s not too late to m ake a difference. By taking action today, we can protect our planet for future generations.The time for excuses and inaction is over. The consequences of inaction are too dire. We have a moral obligation to act – for the sake of our children, for the health of our planet, and for thesurvival of humanity.We cannot afford to be complacent. We must raise our voices, demand action, and hold our leaders accountable. Together, we can overcome the climate crisis and build a more sustainable and resilient future."。
高考英语外刊时文精读专题04极端天气不再罕见
高考英语外刊时文精读精练 (4)Floods and fires洪水和火灾Extreme no more极端天气不再罕见主题语境：人与自然主题语境内容：自然灾害与防范【外刊原文】（斜体单词为超纲词汇,认识即可；下划线单词为课标词汇,需熟记。
）The Wilsons river broke its banks on the night of February 27th while Lismore, a town of around 30,000 in New South Wales, was sleeping. Its residents snoozed（打盹儿） through early-hours emergency warnings that “risk to life was imminent（迫在眉睫）”. Within hours the town was submerged（淹没的）. Residents scrambled into their attics（阁楼）. Mothers carried children onto rooftops. An army of locals launched tin boats into the floods to save them. Four people died.Eastern Australia has been hammered by what politicians call “once-in-1,000-year” flooding. It has already had a soggy（浸水的）summer because of La Niña, a phenomenon which triggers downpours there. Then on February 23rd, meteorologists warned that an area of low pressure was forming over southern Queensland. It sucked moisture （水分）from the sea, forming an “atmospheric river（大气层河流）” over the east coast. It has dumped quantities of water ever since.Brisbane, Queensland’s capital, received almost 80% of its annual rainfall in less than a week in February, flooding 15,000 homes. As the rain edged i nto northern New South Wales, it ripped up roads and drowned herds of cattle. Storms lashed Sydney on March 8th, causing a dam t o spill over. Some 50,000 people in the state have been forced to evacuate（撤离）.Scientists are wary（小心的）of blaming floods on global warming because everything from rainfall to urban development contributes to them. They disagree, too, about whether climate change is a factor in this kind of never-ending downpour（倾盆大雨）. No matter the cause, extreme weather is now a regular occurrence in Australia. New South Wales was buffeted（重创） by its last “once-in-100-year”floods, which submerged Western Sydney, just a year ago. In 2019 and 2020 vast lands of the country were torched in bushfireswhich destroyed more than 3,000 homes and killed 33 people. Unlucky towns such as Lismore have in recent years been hit by both fire and floods.It does not help that the state and federal governments’response has been bungled(失败). When disaster strikes, official aid is often slow to come. In 2019 the federal government set aside almost A$4bn ($2.9bn) for a fund that would help it respond to crises(危险)and lessen future ones. But it has spent hardly any of that money. It has now deployed(部署) the army and is dishing out cash to victims, but locals fume（愤怒地说）that they were left for days without power or fuel as supplies of food and water dwindled（减少）.A university is putting up the homeless. “Isn’t somebody meant to write a plan for this?”wonders Ella Buckland, a resident of Lismore.A debate now rages about how or even whether places like Lismore should rebuild. Analysts think the floods might trigger insurance claims worth more than A$3bn.Some politicians would like the government to pay companies to insure houses that will inevitably be struck by future fires or floods. “If we are going to start thinking every time there’s a natural disaster that we have to give up and leave because it’s too hard, then where are we going to live?” asks Lismore’s mayor, Steve Krieg. That is becoming a question for ever more Australians.【课标词汇】1.emergency紧急情况；不测事件；突发事件How would disabled people escape in an emergency?如果发生紧急情况,伤残人士如何逃离？Is the emergency exit suitable for wheelchairs?安全出口适合轮椅通行吗？2.scramble（急速而艰难地）移动；爬；攀登She scrambled up the steep hillside and over the rocks.她爬上了陡峭的山坡,翻过岩石。
高二双语报英语17期作文
高二双语报英语17期作文The world we live in today is rapidly evolving, with technology and globalization shaping the way we communicate, learn, and interact with one another. In this dynamic landscape, the importance of multilingualism has become increasingly evident. As a high school student, I have had the privilege of being part of a bilingual education program, which has exposed me to the vast opportunities and challenges that come with being proficient in multiple languages.One of the key benefits of a bilingual education is the ability to bridge cultural divides and foster greater understanding between diverse communities. By learning a second language, we not only gain the ability to communicate with a wider range of individuals but also develop a deeper appreciation for different cultural perspectives and traditions. This cross-cultural exchange can lead to the formation of meaningful connections and the breaking down of stereotypes, ultimately contributing to a more inclusive and harmonious society.Moreover, the cognitive benefits of bilingualism are well-documented. Studies have shown that individuals who are fluent inmultiple languages often exhibit enhanced problem-solving skills, improved memory, and greater cognitive flexibility. These cognitive advantages can have a profound impact on academic performance, as bilingual students are often better equipped to navigate complex tasks, think critically, and adapt to new situations.In my own experience, the journey of learning English as a second language has been both challenging and rewarding. As a native speaker of another language, I have had to navigate the nuances of grammar, pronunciation, and idiomatic expressions, often encountering obstacles that required perseverance and dedication. However, the process of mastering a new language has also opened up a world of opportunities, allowing me to engage with a global community, access a wealth of information and resources, and explore new avenues of personal and professional growth.One of the most valuable aspects of my bilingual education has been the opportunity to participate in the creation of our school's bilingual newspaper. This publication, which features content in both my native language and English, has become a platform for me and my fellow students to share our unique perspectives, showcase our writing skills, and engage with the broader community.Through the process of writing, editing, and publishing articles for the bilingual newspaper, I have developed a deeper understandingof the power of language and the importance of effective communication. I have learned to navigate the nuances of tone, style, and audience, all while honing my ability to express complex ideas in a clear and concise manner.Moreover, the creation of the bilingual newspaper has fostered a sense of community and collaboration among the students involved. We have had the chance to work together, share ideas, and learn from one another, cultivating valuable skills in teamwork, problem-solving, and leadership.Beyond the immediate benefits of the bilingual newspaper project, this experience has also equipped me with a set of transferable skills that will serve me well in my future endeavors. The ability to communicate effectively in multiple languages, think critically, and work collaboratively are all highly sought-after qualities in today's globalized job market. As I look towards the next chapter of my educational and professional journey, I am confident that the skills and experiences I have gained through my bilingual education will give me a competitive edge and open up a world of possibilities.In conclusion, the importance of bilingual education cannot be overstated. By embracing the challenges and opportunities that come with learning a second language, students like myself are not only developing essential cognitive and communication skills butalso cultivating a deeper understanding and appreciation for diverse cultures and perspectives. As we continue to navigate the ever-changing landscape of the 21st century, the ability to bridge linguistic and cultural divides will become increasingly vital, and I am grateful to have had the chance to be part of this transformative educational experience.。
气候危机英语作文
气候危机英语作文Climate Crisis。
The world is facing a climate crisis, and it is a problem that affects every living being on the planet. Climate change is caused by human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrialization. These activities release greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, into the atmosphere, which trap heat and cause the Earth's temperature to rise.The consequences of climate change are already being felt around the world. Extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, and droughts, are becoming more frequent and severe. Rising sea levels are threatening coastal cities and island nations. Heatwaves are becoming more intense, leading to health problems and even death. Climate change is also affecting wildlife, with many species at risk of extinction due to loss of habitat and changes in their environment.The effects of climate change are not evenly distributed, with the poorest and most vulnerable communities being the hardest hit. Developing countries, which have contributed the least to the problem, are often the most affected by the consequences of climate change. Climate change exacerbates existing inequalities, making it harder for people to escape poverty and achieve a decent standard of living.To address the climate crisis, we need to take urgent action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and transition to a low-carbon economy. This means investing in renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, and phasing out fossil fuels. We also need to protect and restore forests, which absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Governments, businesses, and individuals all have a role to play in reducing emissions and taking action to mitigate the impacts of climate change.In addition to mitigation, we also need to adapt to the changes that are already happening. This means buildingresilience to extreme weather events, protecting vulnerable communities, and investing in infrastructure that can withstand the impacts of climate change. We also need to work together to find solutions that are equitable and just, taking into account the needs and perspectives of all people, especially those who are most affected by thecrisis.The climate crisis is a complex and urgent problem that requires immediate action. We need to take bold steps to reduce emissions, protect our planet, and ensure a sustainable future for all. By working together, we can create a world that is resilient, equitable, and sustainable.。
高中高考英语精选外刊语法填空
精选外刊语法填空161 联合国敲响“气候警钟”：全球将升温2.7摄氏度World faces disastrous 2.7C temperature rise on current climate plans, UN warnsThe world is squandering(浪费) the opportunity to “build back better” from the Covid-19 pandemic, and faces disastrous temperature rises of at least 2.7C if countries fail 1_____( strengthen) their climate pledges, according to a report from the UN.Tuesday’s publication warns that countries’ current pledges（誓言，保证）would reduce carbon by only about 7.5% by 2030, far 2_____(little) than the 45% cut scientists say is needed to limit global temperature rises to 1.5C, the aim of theCop26 summit that opens in Glasgow this Sunday.António Guterres, the UN secretary-general, described the findings as 3____ “thundering wake up call” to world leaders, while experts called for drastic action against fossil fuel (化石燃料)companies.Although more than 100 countries have promised to reach net zero emissions around mid-century, this would not be enough to stave off climate disaster, according to the UN emissions report, 4______ examines the shortfall between countries’ intentions and actions needed on the climate. Many of the net zero pledges 5_____(find) to be vague(含糊的), and unless accompanied by stringent cuts in emissions this decade would allow global heating of a potentially catastrophic （灾难性的）extent.Guterres said: “The heat is on, and as the contents of this report show, the leadership we need is off. Far off. Countries are squandering(浪费) a massive opportunity to invest Covid-19 fiscal and recovery resources 6_____ sustainable, cost-saving, planet-saving ways. As world leaders prepare for Cop26, this report is another thundering wake-up call. How many do we need?”Inger Andersen, the executive director of the UN Environment Programme (Unep) said: “Climate change is no longer a future problem. It is a now problem. 7_____(stand) a chance of limiting global warming to 1.5C, we have eight years to almost halve(减半) greenhouse gas emissions: eight years to make the plans, put in place the policies,（政策的发布）implement （实施）them and 8_____(ultimate) deliver the cuts. The clock is ticking loudly.”Emissions 9_____(fall) by about 5.4% last year during Covid lockdowns, the report found, but only about a fifth of the spending on economic recovery was geared(准备好，搭配) to efforts that would cut carbon. This 10_____(fail) to “build back better” despite promises by governments around the world cast doubt on the world’s w illingness to make the economic shift necessary to tackle the climate crisis, the UN said.Keys:1 to strengthen2 less3 a4 which5 were found6 in7 To stand8 ultimately9 fell 10 failure2 Red tourism booms in China红色旅游正繁荣China has stepped up efforts 1_____(promote) "red tourism" which features visits to sites with 2_____(significant) of revolutionary history, said the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.More revolutionary museums will be open to the public 3_____ free and more creative cultural products of revolutionary relics will 4_____(develop), said the ministry.Meanwhile, the red tourism sites are encouraged to increase 5_____(cooperate) with 6______(surround) schools, the Communist Party of China (CPC) committees and government institutions, to attract more students and party members 7_____( learn) about the country's revolutionary history.China has 33,315 8_____(revolution) sites and relics on record. Statistics show that more than 800 million red tourismtrips are made on average every year.In the city of Jinggangshan in East China's Jiangxi province, the center of early revolutionary 9_____(activitity) of the CPC, tourists can wear Red Army uniforms and visit places 10_____ revolutionary figures once lived and worked.Keys:1 to promote2 significance3 for4 be developed5 cooperation6 surrounding7 to learn8 revolutionary 9 activities 10 where3 China considers raising teacher qualification requirements中国考虑提高教师准入门槛China is considering 1_____(raise) the standard of qualifications 2_____(require) for teachers in a proposed revision to the Teachers Law, Minister of Education Huai Jinpeng said on Thursday.Teachers will have 3_____(high) education requirements, Huai stated when delivering a report to the ongoing session of the National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee. 4_____ assessment process will 5_____(establish) to examine teachers' 6_____(profession) qualifications, Huai added.The draft revision proposes establishing a system of salary distribution according 7_____work and performance, and improving the award and discipline system for teachers.Ethics(职业道德) are highlighted as the 8_____(important) criteria for 9_____(assess) teachers in the draft, according to the report.The draft revision also specifies(明确) teachers' rights and obligations(义务). “They 10_____( enjoy) greater autonomy (自主权)in teaching, have the right to discipline students, and the intellectual property rights （知识产权）to their innovations”, it noted.Keys:1 raising2 required3 higher4 An5 be established6 professional7 to8 most important 9 assessing 10 will enjoy。
备战2020高考英语外刊话题阅读语篇精选：专题17 气候变化或导致鸟类灭绝(原卷版)
气候变化或导致鸟类灭绝VOA读前导读：一：高级实词荟萃1.Movement n.2.Academy n.3.Collapse n./v4.Environment n.5.Urban adj.6.Director n.7.Document n. /vt8.Tropical adj.9.Established adj.10.Recording n.11.Recreate vt12.Researcher n13.Population n14.decrease v pletely. adv16.co-writer n17.sources n18.force n/vt19.elevation n20.extinction. n21.establish vt22.alongside prep23.tropical adj24.release vt25.detailed adj26.device n27.especially adv28.climate n二：高级词汇拓展1.director n. 董事，经理，主管，指导者，导演vt ________________2.established adj. 已被确认的，确定的，建立的，vt ____________建立3.recreate重建vt create n 创造____________ n创造家____________ adj____________adv ____________pletely.完全正确adj ____________5.extinction.灭绝。
adj ____________6.detailed详细的n ____________7.especially尤其地adj ____________三：高级短语荟萃1. climate change2. in reaction to3. set out4. be used to doing sth5.natural environment.6.birds living on a mountainside7.move to higher places in the mountain8.decrease in size9.at the higher elevations10.die out completely.11.because of temperature changes12.food sources13.force them to go higher.14.document birds and other animals15.that rising temperatures16.lead to extinction.17.establish a camp18.alongside a river running down amountainside19.detailed notes of birds t20.The average temperatures21.place 20 sound recording devices22.an average of 98 meters further up themountain23.be especially at risk原汁文章思维能力提升训练1.Where is the passage possibly from?2.What is the main idea of the passage?3.What is the aim of Fitzpatrick and his team’s research?4.Why do birds move up the mountain?5.According to Freeman , what is the main reason for birds’ movement up the top?五：报刊复杂句式品鉴。
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The west can’t fix the climate crisis.
Asia will have to do it
西方解决不了气候危机,那就亚洲来！
（一）
01
‘Planet at a crossroads’:climate summit makes progress but leaves much to do
at a crossroads
在十字路口，在紧要关头
summit
顶点，最高级会议
处在关键时刻的地球’:气候峰会取得进展但要做的仍然很多。
02
Climate change is the most striking example of the unintended consequences of an unsustainable economic model.It is predicted that some regions,such as Asia’s Indus valley,will be too hot to live in by 2100.
striking
显著的，惊人的
unintended
无意识的，非计划内的
unsustainable
无法支撑的，无法持续的
在不可持续的经济模式所带来的意外后果中，气候变化是最为显著的。
预测称，2100年，有些地区会因太热而无法居住，比如亚洲的印度河谷。
03
Coastal megacities are threatened by rising sea mon resources–land,food,water and forests,among others–are already strained.Climate change will reverse agriculture,making food security a major issue for hundreds of millions at a time when arable land is in decline.
megacity
大城市(人口超过1千万)
reverse
vt.颠倒，倒转
arable
可耕种的
沿海大城市面临海平面上升的威胁。
土地、食物、水及森林这些公共资源已然紧张。
气候变化将颠覆农业。
当可耕地数量减少，食物保障将成为亿万人类的重大难题。
04
But climate change is far from the only example of what is wrong with our model of development.Air pollution levels in Delhi were so high over the weekend that an international cricket match was halted,with players reported to be“continuously vomiting”.
vomit
v.呕吐
然而，气候变化并非我们错误发展模式的唯一例证。
印度德里的空气污染严重致使一场国际板球比赛被迫终止。
报道称是因运动员们“呕吐不止”。
05
The west isn’t going to sort this out.Its democracies face huge difficulties when confronted by the need for unpopular decisions that dramatically shift lifestyles and mean people must give up privileges such as car and air travel that they have taken for granted.
democracy
民主
privilege
n.特权v.给与…特权
take sth.for granted
想当然，认为…理所当然
西方解决不了这个问题。
需要做出一些不受欢迎的决定时，西方的民主国家会面临巨大的困难。
因为这些决定会极大地改变人们生活方式，意味着他们必须要放弃开汽车和乘飞机这些原本理所当然的权利。
06
Perhaps inevitably,western politicians prefer to seek solutions through market mechanisms and technological“innovations”.When it comes to the future of the planet,decisions in Beijing,New Delhi,Jakarta and Lagos will be more important than those taken in Washington or Brussels.
或许西方的政要们不免更喜欢通过市场机制和技术革新来寻求解决方式。
事关地球的未来，北京，新德里，雅加达和拉各斯这些地方的决策将比华盛顿或布鲁塞尔的更为重要。
07
With the dual challenges of growth and sustainability,Asian governments face a unique challenge.They have large and increasing populations that are still poor,with a majority still lacking secure access to the basic rights of life:a minimum standard of living that includes a safe and secure food supply,clean water,permanent housing,adequate sanitation and access to energy.
a minimum standard of living
最低生活标准
sanitation
公共卫生
亚洲各国政府有着经济增长和可持续发展的双重任务，所面临的挑战尤为不同。
亚洲各国有着大量的贫困人口，有绝大部分人仍然没有基本的生命权，即最低生活保障，包括安全的食品供应，干净的水源，永久居住的房屋，适当的环境卫生以及能源的使用。
08
Yet they can’t improve their standards of living in the resource-intensive way western
countries did.To do so would be to invite catastrophe.Their common resources are strained and the biosphere is stressed–a situation that,as science makes clear,will only get worse.
catastrophe
大灾难
但他们无法像西方国家那样以资源密集型的方式来提高人们生活水平。
这样做会招致大灾祸，因为他们的公共资源紧张，生态压力极大。
科学表明，这种情况将只会日趋严峻。
09
It is true that Asia is very diverse.A solution in South Korea or Singapore will look very different to what is pursued in poorer Cambodia or Myanmar,or middle-income Malaysia.
diverse
不同的，多种多样的
的确，亚洲是多元化的。
韩国或新加坡的解决方案对于较贫困的柬埔寨、缅甸或者是中等收入的马来西亚所追求的截然不同。
10
But all Asian governments must,in the coming decades,find ways to sustainably manage resources to ensure their populations–current and future–have access to them.They need to develop solutions that move away from what the west believes to be the standard.They need to put more focus on collective welfare over individual rights.They need to manage expectations so as to avoid overconsumption and waste.
但在接下来的几十年里，亚洲所有的政府必须找到方法，可持续性地管理其资源以保证当前及将来的人口都能使用这些资源。
他们需要抛开西方所认为的标准去制定新的方案，他们需要更重视集体福利而非个人权利，他们需要管理预期以避免过度消耗和浪费。