2020-2021学年浙江省慈溪中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案解析

2020-2021学年浙江省慈溪中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
I once taught in a small private school. Each morning at nine o’clock all the students, ranging in age from three to seven years old, gathered in the Great Room for a warm-up in preparation for the day.
One morning the headmistress made an announcement to all the children gathered,“Today we begin a great experiment of the mind.” She held up two ivy(常春藤) plants, each potted in an identical container. She continued, “Do they look the same?”
All the children nodded. So did I, for, in this way, I was alsoa child.
“We will give the plants the same amount of light, the same amount of water, but not the same amount of attention,” She said. “Together we are going to see what will happen when we put one plant in the kitchen away from our attention and the other plant right here in this room. Each day for the next month, we shall sing to our plant in the Great Room and tell it how much we love it, and how beautiful it is. We will use our good minds to think good thoughts about it.”
Four weeks later my eyes were as wide and disbelieving as the children’s. The kitchen plant was leggy and sick-looking, and it hadn’t grown at all. But the Great Room plant, which had been sung to and surrounded by positive thoughts and words, had increased threefold in size with dark leaves that were filled with energy.
In order to prove the experiment, the kitchen ivy was brought to the Great Room to join the other ivy. Within three weeks, the second plant had caught up with the first ivy. Within four weeks, they could not be distinguished, one from the other.
I took this lesson to heart and made it my own.
1. Why did the headmistress do the experiment?
A. She wanted to teach me a lesson.
B. She expected the students to learn to grow plants.
C. She meant to prove the impact of good minds on growth.
D. She intended to show students how to save a sick-looking plant.
2. What happened to the ivy in the kitchen at last?
A. It stopped growing and died.
B. It was leggy and sick with dark leaves.
C. It looked almost the same as the other one.
D. It grew better than the one in the Great Room.
3. What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A. Life Means Growth
B. Things Grow with Love
C. Equality Makes a Difference
D. Positive Thoughts Really Count
B
Older adults with a better sense of smell may live longer than thosewho have a poor sense of smell, a new study suggests. The study was a project of researchers in theUnited Statesthat was ongoing for over 13 years. They asked nearly 2,300 men and women to identify 12 common smells. All the subjects were from 71 to 82 years of age. The researchers gave the adults scores, from 0 to as high as 12, based on how many smells they identified correctly.
During the years of follow-up investigation, over 1,200 of the subjects died. When the study was launched, none of the adults were weak. They could walk a little under half a kilometer, climb 10 steps and independently complete daily activities. In the latest findings, the researchers noted that those with a weak nose were 30 percent more likely to die than people with a good sense of smell. The findings were reported last month in the scientific publication Annals of Internal Medicine.
Honglei Chen, a doctor withMichiganStateUniversityinEast Lansing,Michigan, was the lead writer of a report on the study. He said the connection between a poor sense of smell and an increased risk of dying was limited to adults who first reported good-to-excellent health. This suggests that a poor sense of smell is an early and sensitive sign for worsening health before it is recognizable in medical tests. With a poor sense of smell, people are more likely to die of brain and heart diseases, but not of cancer or breathing disorders.
The results also suggest that a poor sense of smell may be an early warning for poor health in older age that goesbeyond dementia or other neurodegenerative(神经变性的) diseases. These often signal the beginning of a weakening of the mind or body.
4. What do you know about the study mentioned?
A. The study involved researchers from the world.
B. All the participants were of different ages.
C. The study began to be performed about 13 years ago.
D. 2 ,300 men and women were young and healthy.
5. What was the situation like at the beginning of the study?
A. More than 1,200 of the participants passed away.
B. Many of the subjects were found with health problems.
C. All the subjects were independent of others when walking.
D. One third of the participants had a poor smell sense.
6. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A. People with a poor sense of smell have heart disease.
B. You should be careful with your health if you smell poorly.
C. People with a poor sense of smell won't suffer from cancer.
D. Most of the elder people may have the dementia disease.
7. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Strong Sense of Smell May Be Linked to Longer Life
B. Old People Tend to Have a Poor Sense of Smell
C. A Number of Factors Result in Longer Life
D. Being Ill Means Losing the Sense of Smell
C
Once small farmers in Masii, a remote village in Kenya, have picked their crops, all they can do is wait until a buyer trucks through. The system works fairly well for beans and corn, but mangoes-the area’s other main crop-spoil (腐烂) more quickly. If the trader is late, they rot.
However, a simple coating could change that. A company, SmartTech, has created a product that doubles the shelf life of fresh produce, enabling farmers to access far-off, larger markets. More time forfresh produce on grocers’ shelves also means less food waste-a $2.6 trillion problem, according to the United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
James Rogers, CEO of SmartTech, wanted to solve the problem for food much in the same way that oxide barriers preventing rust (锈) have achieved for steel. Fortunately, researchers have found when plants made the jump from water to land, they developed cutin(蜡质), a barrier which is made of fatty acids that link together to form a seal around the plant, helping keep water in.
The cutin was such a grand strategy that today you’ll still find it across the plant kingdom. SmartTech
discovered through researches that an orange can last longer than a strawberry not so much because of the thickness of its skin, but because of the difference in the arrangement of those cutin molecules (分子)on the surface. After extensive trials, Rogers and his team developed a natural and tasteless protective coating from plant material-stems, leaves and skins. The product extends the sweet spot between ripening and rot. And best of all, the treated produce doesn’t require refrigeration.
“SmartTech has huge potential to turn poor farmers in Africa into commercial farmers,” says Rogers. “That means more money in pockets, and more food in stomachs.” But whether the company can cost-effectively reach small farmers in far-off areas still remains a challenge.
8. The author mentions the small farmers in Kenya to ________.
A. stress their need for preserving produce
B. show their challenge in harvesting crops
C. express their wish to reach larger markets
D. evaluate their loss caused by slow transport
9. What can we learn about SmartTech’s product?
A. It is financially supported by FAO.
B. It is intended to replace refrigeration.
C. It is designed to thicken produce’s skin.
D. It is based on plants’own defence system.
10. What will James Rogers probably focus on next?
A. How to expand farms.
B. How to earn more money.
C. How to produce more tasty food.
D. How to profit farmers in remote area.
11. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. promote a product
B. present a technology
C. advertise SmartTech
D. introduce James Rogers
D
We use what is known as inner speech, where we talk to ourselves, to evaluate situations and make decisions. Now, a robot has been trained to speak aloud its inner decision-making process, giving us a view of how it responds to contradictory demands.
Arianna Pipitone and Antonio Chella at the University of Palermo, Italy, programmed a humanoid robot named Pepper, with software that models human cognitive(认知的)processes, which allowed Pepper to retrieve (检索)relevant information from its memory and find the correct way to act based on human commands, as well as a text — to — speech processor. It allowed Pepper to voice its decision-making process while completing a task, "With inner speech, we can better understand what the robot wants to do and what its plan is," says Chella.
The researchers asked Pepper to set a dinner table according to etiquette (礼仪)rules they had programmed into the robot. Inner speech was either enabled or disabled to see how it affected Pepper's ability to do what was instructed.
When instructed to place a napkin on a fork with its inner speech enabled, Pepper asked itself what the etiquette required and concluded that this request went against the rules it had been given. It then asked the researchers if putting the napkin on the fork was the correct action. When told it was, Pepper said, "OK, I prefer to follow your desire," and explained how it was going to place the napkin on the fork.
When asked to do the same task with inner speech disabled, Pepper knew this contradicted etiquette rules, so it didn't perform the task or explain why.
With the potential for robots to become more common in the future, this type of programming could help the public understand their abilities and limitations, says Sarah Sebo at theUniversityofChicago. "It maintains people's trust and enables cooperation and interactions between humans and robots," she says. However, this experiment only used a single human participant, says Sebo. "It's unclear how their approach would compare across a wide range of human participants," she says.
12. Why does the author mention how people make decisions in the first paragraph?
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To make comparisons.
C. To provide an example.
D. To support his argument.
13. How did Pepper react to the contradictory instruction with its inner speech enabled?
A. It failed to complete the task.
B. It followed the etiquette rules.
C. It made a random decision.
D. It communicated with the researchers.
14. What did Sarah Sebo think of the research?
A. It was creative but worthless.
B. It was a good try but the result was a failure.
C. It was inspiring but needed further evidence.
D. It was carefully designed but poorly performed.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Robot Taught To Be Polite
B. Robot Can Explain Its Decision
C. Robot Making Decisions: No Longer A Dream
D. Robot-Human Communication: No Longer A Problem
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Sometimes it may seem like you’re always getting into trouble with your teachers or your parentsand that no matter what you do you just can’t seem to get things right.____16____. Staying busy and active is considered the first step to make yourself on the way. Here below are some approaches to making it.
_____17_____
Joining a sports team, whether it’s a team at your school or in your community, is a great way to stay out of trouble. Whether you’re playing soccer, basketball, or baseball, team sports are a great way to meet interesting people and to find something to do other than get into trouble.____18____. This can help you calm down and will keep you from using your energy the wrongway.
Join a club
___19___, whether it’s through regular school or another community organization. You can join an art club, chess club, cooking club, debating club, or really all sorts of clubs that can help you focus on something you care about that doesn’t have to do with annoying your teachers or not doing your homework.
Be an active student
Being an active student means a lot, such as showing up on time, not skipping class, raising your hand when you have questions, and doing the work in advance.___20___. If you focus on being a good student, then you can avoid annoying your teachers or your parents.
A. Join a sports team.
B. Keep out of trouble.
C. Thus you can participate in class.
D. There are many ways to satisfy your parents.
E. The best thing to do is to stop trouble before it starts.
F. If sports aren’t your thing, you can always join a club.
G. Joining a sports team will also provide you with weekly exercise.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项In late January of 2018,Chicagoexperienced the coldest temperatures that the city has seen in decades.
A group of homeless people who lived in an area calledTentCitywere left outside directly___21___to the deadly weather. 34-year-old Candice Payne, a managing broker (经纪人) from a local company, was___22___enough to have shelter from the dangerous conditions.___23___, she couldn’t stop thinking about the homeless people in the area who had nowhere to go.
“It was 50℃below, and I knew I had to take___24___,” Payne toldthe New York Times.She started thinking of different___25___that could possibly work. Eventually, she___26___to see if there were any rooms available at___27___hotels that she could___28___for the night for the people___29___in the street. So without wasting any time, Payne picked up the____30____and started calling hotels in the area.
“Finally, theAmberInnwas nice enough to____31____me to buy the rooms for the homeless,” Payne said. Without____32____, she purchased 30 rooms for the night with her credit card. She____33____reached out to people on her Instagram account asking if anyone would like to____34____with either paying for more rooms or____35____the homeless people to theInn.
She got immediate____36____that surprised her. Strangers____37____their cars and SUVs. They also____38____money, which helped Payne pay for a total of 60 rooms for five nights.
Payne’s____39____act made news across the country. However, she said, “I am an ordinary person. I____40____it with so many others’ help.”
21. A. exposed B. contributed C. used D. adjusted
22. A. old B. lucky C. proud D. strange
23. A. In short B. Therefore C. However D. For example
24. A. place B. shelter C. risks D. action
25. A. directions B. ways C. results D. areas
26. A. required B. promised C. decided D. agreed
27. A. unique B. comfortable C. local D. remote
28. A. rent B. purchase C. discover D. enter
29. A. talking B. walking C. working D. sleeping
30. A. phone B. bus C. glasses D. coat
31. A. persuade B. remind C. convince D. allow
32. A. preparation B. imagination C. hesitation D. permission
33. A. then B. still C. just D. again
34. A. pay off B. help out C. speak out D. take off
35. A. transporting B. accompanying C. devoting D. inviting
36. A. rewards B. responses C. achievements D. benefits
37. A. sold B. repaired C. searched D. volunteered
38. A. presented B. performed C. repeated D. donated
39. A. selfless B. regular C. extra D. natural
40. A. reached B. understood C. made D. impressed
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Believe it or not, there is no standard English. Many people believe the English spoken on TV and radio is standard English. This is because in the early days of radio, people thought that those ____41.____reported the news spoke excellent English. However, ____42.____TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.
When people use words and ____43.____(express) different from the “standard language”, it____44.____(call) a dialect. American English has many dialects because people have come from all over the world. Even in some parts of the USA, two people from the same section speak a little____45.____(different). American English has so many dialects because people have come from all over the world.
Geography also plays a part in____46.____(make) dialects. When people____47.____(move) from one place to another, they took their dialects with____48.____(they). So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect____49.____people in the northwestern USA. In the USA, many different dialects are spoken. Although many_____50._____(America) move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

Today I'd like to tell you something that I experience in the City Park. In the afternoon of last Sunday, my
friend and I were taking a walk along a river in the City Park, when suddenly we heard a boy call for help in the river. We jumped into the river or pulled the boy out. Then we made him to breathe using the mouth-to-mouth way. Before the boy came to himself, we sent her to hospital at once and telephoned his parents. The boy was saved. His parents were very thankful us and the doctors thought high of our first aid. We realized that knowing first aid is very help and important because it can help you to save lives.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I had moved to Arizona about two weeks before the start of my junior year of high school, so not only was this a new school for me, but also a new state and I did not know anyone.
On the first day of school at lunch after getting my meal, I sat down at a table in the courtyard. As I began to eat, I looked around at the other tables and saw another girl sitting alone, so I decided to go and sit with her. Anyway, there was no reason for me to have a whole table to myself, and who knew maybe I could make a friend. I walked to check and said, “Excuse me, do you mind if I sit with you?” She was surprised at first, but then smiled and said, “No, I don't!”
We hit it off immediately and became close friends throughout the next two years. Towards the end of our senior year, she told me that she had been accepted to an out - of - state college and would be moving away after graduation. I was sad that I would miss her but at the same time was really happy for her.
She then shared with me something very moving. “Do you remember the first day of school when you came over and sat down with me during lunch?” she asked. “Of course! Why do you ask?” I replied.
She continued, “I want to let you know how special you are and that you make a difference. I was severely depressed that day, because something unhappy had happened to me that morning. I had been being sad since the morning and nobody realized my sadness. It had just broken me down. If you hadn't appeared, I would be probably in deep sadness for a long time after I got home from school.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Then, she told me something more I hadn't known before.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
Both of us gained a lot from the incident.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
参考答案
1. C
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. C
6. B
7. A
8. A 9. D 10. D 11. B
12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B
16. E 17. A 18. G 19. F 20. C
21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32.
C 33. A 34. B 35. A 36. B 37.
D 38. D 39. A 40. C
41. who
42. on 43. expressions
44. is called
45. differently
46. making 47. moved
48. them 49. as
50. Americans
51.(1).experience→experienced
(2).In→On
(3).call→calling
(4).or→and
(5).去掉to
(6).Before→After
(7).her→him
(8).thankful后添加to
(9).high→highly
(10).help→helpful
52.略。