2020_2021学年高中英语Unit2Grammar习题含解析新人教版选修8

高中英语新人教版选修8:
Unit2Cloning
SectionⅢ—Grammar
课后篇巩固探究
一、单句改错
1.Do you know that of them will be our new headmaster?
→which
2.I asked him that he had done it all himself or whether someone had helped him.
→whether
3.I am very interested in what he has improved his English in such a short time.
→how
4.Why we need is more money.
→What
5.The report what he was going to resign was false.
→that
6.There is no doubt whether Mr Smith will sign the contract with us.
→that
7.I have no idea how we can do with these waste materials.
→what
二、把下面的句子改为含有同位语从句的复合句
1.We were cast down when we knew that our basketball team had been defeated.
2.They are arguing about whether we can clone human beings.
3.Everyone should believe that nature should never be destroyed.
4.She has promised to make experiments on cloning a monkey.
三、完成句子
1.He told me the news
(他所有的艰苦工作终于有了回报).
2.Some subjects,(例如数学和物理),are very difficult to learn.
3.The problem
(我们是否继续做这个实验)has been solved.
4.(故事是这样的)William Tell killed the King with an arrow.
5.The suggestion
(在公共场所禁止吸烟) is necessary.
6.We should consider the students’ request
(学校图书馆应该提供更多的图书) on popular science.
四、阅读理解
When a leafy plant is under attack,it doesn’t sit quietly.Back in 1983,two scientists,Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin,reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds,VOCs for short.
Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked.It’s a plant’s way o f crying out.But is anyone
listening?Apparently.Because we can watch the neighbors react.
Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty.They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.Once they arrive,the tables are turned.The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.
In study after study,it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors.The damage is usually more serious on the first plant,but the neighbors,relatively speaking,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.
Does this mean that plants talk to each other?Scientists don’t know.Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches,and so,in effect,was talking to itself.Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear”the cry.So information was exchanged,but it wasn’t a true,intentional back and forth.
Charles Darwin,over 150 years ago,imagined a world far busier,noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear.Our senses are weak.There’s a whole lot going on.
1.What does a plant do when it is under attack?
A.It makes noises.
B.It gets help from other plants.
C.It stands quietly.
D.It sends out certain chemicals.
“...sendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromth einjuredpartsoftheplant...”可知,当植物受到袭击时,它们会释放出某种化学物质。

因此D 项正确。

2.What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in Paragraph 3?
A.The attackers get attacked.
B.The insects gather under the table.
C.The plants get ready to fight back.
D.The perfumes attract natural enemies.
,有些植物释放出一些难闻的化学物质赶走害虫,而另一些植物会释放出一些香味吸引这些害虫的天敌。

一旦这些天敌到达,这些害虫就会受到攻击,因此thetablesareturned的意思是“攻击者受到攻击”,故A项正确。

3.Scientists find from their studies that plants can .
A.predict natural disasters
B.protect themselves against insects
C.talk to one another intentionally
D.help their neighbors when necessary
,研究表明,植物们能保护自己不受害虫的侵袭。

4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.The world is changing faster than ever.
B.People have stronger senses than before.
C.The world is more complex than it seems.
D.People in Darwin’s time were more imaginative.
文章最后一段说,150多年前,达尔文曾经设想一个比我们所看到和听到的更加忙碌、更加喧闹、更加亲密的世界。

作者说,我们的感觉非常微弱,世界非常复杂。

因此C
项正确。

五、七选五阅读理解
Develop“Sales”Skills
You may not take a job as a salesperson after graduation. 1 That’s because no matter who you are or what you do,you actually make certain types of “sales”in daily life.
For example,employees working for a company try to sell their talents so they can land promotion and move up to the corporate ladder.Startup entrepreneurs(企业家) often have to sell their ideas to investors and other partners to advance the process of growth.
To some extent,we are all salespeople in life. 2 ,provided by the Entrepreneur magazine.
A. 3
Try to lead your conversations with questions,no matter whether you’re with family,friends or businesses.Asking good questions will not only show off your sense of modesty,but you may also receive key answers that you would not find out in normal circumstances.
B.Change your views about sales
Instead of looking at salespeople with prejudice,start viewing the idea of sales in a totally different light.Sales is all about serving and helping others get to where they want to go. 4
C.Be a master at solving problems
Solving problems smoothly means you can provide real value in the marketplace.This makes you unique from everyone else. 5 When you start to solve problems and become known as a problem solver,both your work and life will transform.
A.Always lead with questions
B.Here are three ways to become a more polished one
C.Identify Your Sales Personality
D.In sales,you only succeed when you help others succeed.
E.The more practice you get,the better you’ll be.
F.Direct all of your time and energy toward solving real problems.
G.But learning something sales skills can help you a lot,both in life and in your career.
六、完形填空
(2020·全国Ⅰ)
Since our twins began learning to walk,my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window.The 1 is obvious.If we 2 it is a door,they’ll want to go outside 3 .It will drive us crazy.The kids apparently know the 4 .But our insisting it’s 5 a window has kept them from 6 millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids.One day they’ll 7 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 8 .
I wonder if 9 should always tell the truth no matter the 10 .I have a very strong 11 that the lie we’re telling is doing 12 damage to our
children.Windows and doors have 13 metaphorical(比喻) meanings.I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door.What if later in 14 they come to a metaphorical door,like an opportunity(机会) of some sort,and 15 opening the door and taking the opportunity,they just 16 it and wonder,“What if it isn’t a door?”That is,“What if it isn’t a 17 opportunity?”
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear.But the 18 is that I shouldn’t lie to m y kids.I should just 19 repeatedly having to say,“No.We can’t go outside now.”Then when they come to other doors in life,be they real or metaphorical,they won’t 20 to open them and walk through.
1.A.relief B.target
C.reason
D.case
,“我”和妻子就不停地告诉他们“我”们家的滑动玻璃门只是一扇窗子。

理由(reason)是显而易见的。

reason“理由”;relief“安慰”;target“目标”;case “事件”。

故选C项。

2.A.admit B.believe
C.mean
D.realize
(admit)滑动玻璃门是一扇门,他们会不断地想出去。

admit“承
认”;believe“相信”;mean“意思是”;realize“认识到”。

故选A项。

3.A.gradually B.constantly
C.temporarily
D.casually
constantly“重复不断地”;gradually“逐渐地”;temporarily“暂时地”;casually“偶然地”。

故选B项。

4.A.result B.danger
C.method
D.truth
,孩子们显然知晓(事情的)真相(truth)。

truth“真相”;result“结果”;danger“危险”;method“办法”。

故选D项。

5.A.merely B.slightly
C.hardly
D.partly
“...mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.”中的just 可得到提示。

merely“仅仅”;slightly“稍微”;hardly“几乎不”;partly“一定程度上”。

故选A项。

6.A.reviewing B.approving
C.receiving
D.attempting
“我”们坚持说那仅仅是一扇窗子,这使得他们放弃了尝试(attempting)开门的请求。

attempt“尝试”;review“复习”;approve“同意”;receive“收到”。

故选D项。

7.A.win out B.give up
C.wake up
D.stand out
,有朝一日,孩子们会醒来(wakeup),并发现他们关于对窗户的认知是一个谎言。

wakeup“醒来”;winout“胜出”;giveup“放弃”;standout“脱颖而出”。

故选C项。

8.A.dream B.lie
C.fantasy
D.fact
“Ihatelyingtothekids.”可得到提示。

lie“谎言”;dream“梦想”;fantasy“幻想”;fact“事实”。

故选B项。

9.A.parents B.twins
C.colleagues
D.teachers
(parents)是不是应该不管结果如何,总是告诉孩子们事情的真相。

故选A项。

10.A.restrictions B.explanations
C.differences
D.consequences
(consequences)如何,总是告诉孩子们真相。

consequence“结果”;restriction “约束”;explanation“解释”;difference“差异”。

故选D项。

11.A.demand B.fear
C.desire
D.doubt
(fear),“我”们说的谎话会给孩子们带来精神上的伤害。

最后一段第一句“Maybeit’sanunreasonablefear.”是个提示。

故选B项。

12.A.physical B.biological
C.spiritual
D.behavioral
spiritual“精神的”;physical“身体的”;biological“生物
的”;behavioral“行为的”。

故选C项。

13.A.traditional B.important
C.double
D.original
(important)比喻含义。

故选B项。

14.A.life B.time
C.reply
D.history
(life)中遇到比喻含义的“门”。

由下文“Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife,betheyrealormetaphorical,theywon’t20 toopenthemandwalkthrough.”也可得到提示。

故选A项。

15.A.by comparison with B.in addition to
C.regardless of
D.instead of
(insteadof)打开门去把握机会。

insteadof“而不是”;bycomparisonwith“同……比较起来”;inadditionto“除……之外(还)”;regardlessof“不管,不顾”。

故选D项。

16.A.get hold of B.stare at
C.knock on
D.make use of
(stareat),并疑惑“那如果不是一扇门会怎样?”stareat“瞪着眼睛凝视”;getholdof“抓住”;knockon“敲击”;makeuseof“利用”。

故选B项。

17.A.real B.typical
C.similar
D.limited
(real)机会会怎样?故选A项。

18.A.safety rule fort zone
C.bottom line
D.top secret
,但底线(bottomline)是“我”不应该对孩子们说谎。

bottomline“底线”;safetyrule“安全规则”;comfortzone“舒适区”;topsecret“绝密”。

故选C项。

19.A.delay B.regret
C.enjoy
D.accept
应该接受(accept)反复强调“不,‘我’们现在还不能出去”。

accept“接受”;delay “延迟”;regret“后悔”;enjoy“享受”。

故选D项。

20.A.hurry B.decide
C.hesitate
D.intend
,无论是真实的门还是比喻意义上的门,他们都不会犹豫不决,而会勇敢打开并成功跨越。

hesitate“犹豫”;hurry“匆忙”;decide“决定”;intend “打算”。

故选C项。