非计划性拔管督导意见和建议

非计划性拔管督导意见和建议英文回答：
Unscheduled Extubation (UE) Monitoring Protocol: Guidance and Recommendations.
Unscheduled extubation (UE) is an unplanned removal of an endotracheal tube (ETT) or tracheostomy tube. It can be
a serious complication, increasing the risk of adverse outcomes, including reintubation, pneumonia, and even death. Therefore, healthcare providers must be vigilant in monitoring for signs and symptoms of UE and intervene promptly to prevent its occurrence.
The purpose of this protocol is to provide guidance and recommendations for monitoring for and preventing UE. This protocol applies to all patients who are mechanically ventilated in the intensive care unit (ICU).
Monitoring for UE.
The following are signs and symptoms that may indicate UE:
Sudden change in respiratory status.
Agitation or restlessness.
Coughing or gagging.
Increased secretions.
Oxygen desaturation.
Hypercapnia.
Bradycardia or hypotension.
Prevention of UE.
The following measures can help prevent UE:
Secure the ETT or tracheostomy tube properly.
Use appropriate sedation and analgesia to minimize patient agitation and discomfort.
Monitor the patient closely for signs and symptoms of UE.
Train staff on the importance of preventing UE and the proper techniques for securing ETTs and tracheostomy tubes.
Recommendations.
All patients who are mechanically ventilated in the ICU should be monitored for signs and symptoms of UE.
Healthcare providers should intervene promptly to prevent UE.
The use of patient restraints should be considered in patients who are at high risk for UE.
De-escalation of sedation and analgesia should be attempted when appropriate to reduce the risk of UE.
Patient and family education is an important aspect of preventing UE.
中文回答：
非计划性拔管监测方案，指导和建议。

非计划性拔管（UE）是指未计划移除气管内插管（ETT）或气管切开管。

这可能是一种严重的并发症，会增加不良后果的风险，包括再插管、肺炎甚至死亡。

因此，医疗保健提供者必须警惕检测 UE 的体征和症状，并及时干预以防止其发生。

本方案的目的是为监测和预防 UE 提供指导和建议。

本方案适用于重症监护病房（ICU）中所有接受机械通气的患者。

监测 UE.
以下体征和症状可能表明 UE：
呼吸状况突然变化。

躁动或不安。

咳嗽或作呕。

分泌物增加。

氧气饱和度下降。

高碳酸血症。

心动过缓或血压下降。

预防 UE.
以下措施有助于预防 UE：
妥善固定 ETT 或气管切开管。

使用适当的镇静和镇痛剂来最大程度地减少患者的躁动和不适感。

密切监测患者的 UE 体征和症状。

培训工作人员了解预防 UE 的重要性以及固定 ETT 和气管切开管的正确技术。

建议。

所有在 ICU 中接受机械通气的患者都应监测 UE 的体征和症状。

医疗保健提供者应及时干预以预防 UE。

对于 UE 高危患者，应考虑使用患者约束。

在适当的情况下应尝试减少镇静和镇痛剂的用量以降低 UE 的风险。

患者和家属教育是预防 UE 的一个重要方面。