2021年福建省龙岩市中考英语质检试卷

2021年福建省龙岩市中考英语质检试卷
一.单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。

1．（1分）Lily helped an old woman her way to school.
A．on B．at C．in
2．（1分）﹣Is this pencil﹣box yours？
﹣No，Sally lost a pencil﹣box.Maybe it's .
A．mine B．yours C．hers
3．（1分）﹣Could you give me some bread？I'm .
﹣OK.
A．thirsty B．hungry C．sleepy
4．（1分）﹣What club would you like to join？
﹣The club.My favorite poet is Du Fu.
A．poem B．chess C．science
5．（1分）﹣will your uncle come back？
﹣In three days．（）
A．How often B．How soon C．How long D．How much 6．（1分）﹣Which film would you like to watch tonight，Hi，Mom or Detective Chinatown 3？
﹣is OK.They are both good movies.
A．Both B．Either C．Neither
7．（1分）﹣The boys are talking about Chang'e 5 .
﹣Yes.They are interested in space.
A．happily B．sadly C．angrily
8．（1分）﹣Mum，______ I do the same job as you when I grow up？
﹣No，you needn't.You can make your own decision.
A．may B．can C．must
9．（1分）—Where do you plan during the summer vacation？
—Maybe I will go to Shanghai with my parents.
A．travel B．traveling C．to travel
10．（1分）The Chinese doctors went to Russia to help the patients they knew it was dangerous.
A．if B．though C．unless
11．（1分）﹣What are you so excited about？
﹣I ________ an invitation to the concert．I can't wait to go．（）
A．receive B．will receive
C．have received
12．（1分）Notices were in the community to ask us to wear face masks（口罩）in public.
A．put away B．put off C．put up
13．（1分）—Perfect photos！
—Thank you.They by my Huawei mobile phone.
A．took B．were taken
C．will be take
14．（1分）Zhang Guimei is a heroic woman has spent over 40 years helping poor girls get education.
A．who B．whom C．which
15．（1分）﹣Do you know ？
﹣In Fuzhou.
A．where the 4th Digital China Summit was held
B．when the 4th Digital China Summit was held
C．why the 4th Digital China Summit was held
二.完形填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分10分）从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

16．（10分）When William Lindsay was in primary school，he loved studying maps.The saw﹣tooth（锯齿般的））line in China（1）his eye.He decided to visit the line，that is，the Great Wall of China.
Driven by this（2），Lindsay set off on his Great Wall journey in 1984.Only a few days later，he became ill and had to（3）his plan.After returning to Britain，he began to （4）more often to build himself up.He even learned some basic Chinese.With full
preparation，Lindsay set off（5）in 1987.After many，many difficult days of hiking along the Great Wall，he was finally able to arrive at Shanhaiguan.Altogether，the hike（6）about 160 days.
Through this trip，Lindsay developed a（7）understanding of the Great Wall.Since then，he has made great efforts to protect it.In 1988，he organized more than 120 volunteers to pick up（8）on the Great Wall.Lindsay soon realized the difficulty of collecting all the rubbish on the Wall.He started to give lectures around the country（9）began looking for more volunteers.
During Lindsay's Great Wall hike，he met with a Chinese girl from Xi'an.They got married in 1988.Lindsay's wife and two sons joined him in（10）the Great Wall later.The British man said he would spend his remaining years in China﹣for his family and for the Wall.
（1）A .closed B.hurt C.caught
（2）A.dream B.advice C.problem
（3）A.give away B.give in C give up
（4）A.cook B.exercise C.read
（5）A.again B.first C.still
（6）A.wasted sted C.Increase
（7）A deeper B.harder C.poorer
（8）A.money B.litter C.food
（9）A.but B.or C.and
（10）A.visiting B.building C .protecting
三.阅读理解（共两节，25小题；满分40分）第一节阅读下面A、B、C、D四篇短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

（共4小题；每小题10分，满分40分）
17．（10分）
A rainbow from soap（肥皂）
It is easy to make a rainbow of colors.
You'll need：
An iron coat hanger；A large pan；Some soap powder；A bottle of water
You should do：
Take materials outdoors on a sunny day.
（1）Make a coat hanger into a ring.
（2）Put the ring in a pan，pour in enough water to cover it，mix a few tablespoons of soap powder into water.
（3）Lift the ring，and watch it closely.Do you see colors？
（4）Put the ring in again，wave it lightly to make a big bubble（气泡）and watch it.Do you see colors？
（5）What happens？The soapy water makes a thin，clear film that is not the same thickness in all places.
（1）How many kinds of materials are needed for the experiment？
A.5.
B.4.
C.3.
D.2.
（2）You had better do the experiment when it is.
A.rainy
B.sunny
C.windy
D.cloudy
（3）What should we do in the first step？
A.Shape a coat hanger.
B .Pour water into the pan.
C.Put a ring in a pan.
D.Lift the ring.
（4）Colors can be seen most clearly.
A.at the top
B.in the middle
C.at the bottom
D.around the side
（5）In which section of a newspaper would you probably read the text？
A .Sports News.
B .Job Wanted.
C .Lost and Found.
D .Do It Yourself.
18．（10分）New trains run across mountains and the Great Wall to the north of Beijing like bullets （子弹）.They run on a high﹣speed railway line connecting Beijing and Zhangjiakou that came into service in the last month of 2019.
The railway is an important support project for the 2022 Winter Olympics.The 174﹣km railways trains move at a top speed of 350 km/h.This reduces the travel time between Beijing and Zhangjiakou，the host cities of the Winter Games，from over three hours to only 47 minutes.
Some of the trains on this railway are smart trains that can run by themselves.With the
help of Beidou，they can start，run between stations，change their timing according to the schedule accurately stop at a station，and open and close their doors.Passengers can also watch live events.during the Winter Olympics on the train，which is equipped with 5 G technology.
Some people refer to Zhan Tianyou as "the father of China's railways".He led construction on the old Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou railway.
China's first independently﹣designed railway.Back in the Qing Dynasty（1644﹣1911），building a railway without foreign help was thought impossible.But Zhan，the main engineer of the railway project，believed that it could be done.After overcoming many difficulties，the Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou line was put into service in 1909.Its trains ran at 35 km/h.
As President Xi said，the Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou railway stands for the development of China's railways over more than a century，as well as China's development in general.
（1）When was the new Beijing and Zhangjiakou line put into use？
A.In September.
B.In October.
C.In November.
D.In December.
（2）What is the third paragraph mainly about？
A.The self﹣driving train.
B.The 2022 Winter Olympics.
C.The advantages of Beidou.
D.The development of 5 G
（3）What does the underlined word"it"in Paragraph 5 refer to？
A.Reducing the travel time.
B Watching live events.
C.Building China's own railway.
D.Holding the Winter Olympics.
（4）What can we know about Zhan Tianyou？
A.He produced the first train.
B.He designed China's first railway.
C.He drove the first train in China.
D.He increased the speed of train.
（5）What can we infer（推断）from the text？
A.Zhan Tianyou is"the father of China's high﹣speed railways.
B.The high﹣speed train runs five times faster than the first train.
C.The Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou line was designed by foreign engineers.
D.China has made great progress in developing high﹣speed railways.
19．（10分）When the bell rings at 9 o'clock，He Yue，18，and a group of other students from Jiangsu Xishan.Senior High School，crowd into the student community.They quickly put on their work uniforms and act as various workers.They could be a banker，a postman，a radio host or even a leader.
This is part of a project to create a simulated （模拟的）city run by students.Since last year，He Yue has been serving as an office worker for the student bank named K﹣bank.Unlike other students，she has a busy "job"during the 40﹣minute break：help prepare for change，fill in forms and record every business.Sometimes，when a great deal of cash such as class funds and money from the student supermarket is"stored"，she needs to count it carefully and report the deal result in time.
Besides that，they also offer students free﹣interest funds and provide safe money﹣stored boxes.If students want to start a business like designing bookmarks but have no money to buy materials，they can come here to loan. " The number of business is nearly 20，000 yuan
a year，" said He.With so much money，I've gradually learned to be more careful and
thoughtful.
He is not the only one serving the school.Also，some students serve the food test center and other parts of the project including cultural and creative product community，radio stations，roasts.All of these come from real life experiences. "Educators must realize that the top goal of education is not just about scoring good grades，but improving useful skills that would allow students to lead a good life，"said Tang Jiangpeng，headmaster of Jiangsu Xishan High School.
（1）The school project is to help students.
A experience life
B raise money
C.become actors
D.record changes
（2）What does He Y ue need to do as a member of K﹣bank？
①test the food
②get change ready
③design bookmarks
④count money
⑤record every deal
A.①②⑤
B.②③⑤
C.①③④
D.②④⑤
（3）What's the underlined word "loan"probably mean in Chinese？
A.贷款.
B.收租.
C.交易.
D.还债.
（4）What does He Y ue think of the school project？
A.Awful.
B.Relax.
C .Helpful.
D .Boring.
（5）What is the main purpose of the text？
A.To encourage pupils to run a bank at school.
B.To call for help in the community.
C.To introduce a school community project.
D To help students score good grades.
20．（10分）A cloned black﹣footed ferret（雪豹），Elizabeth Ann，born on Dec.10，2020，
has become the first successful clone of an endangered animal in the US and has turned a new page in animal protection.
Black﹣footed ferrets are one of the most endangered animals in North America，with fewer than 500 in the wild.But in the early 1900s，they were widespread throughout the American ter，the ferrets disappeared with their primary food source，prairie dogs（土拨鼠）dying out.
Fortunately，thanks to the cloning technology，Elizabeth Ann came to the earth.She was cloned from Willa，a ferret who died in 1988.Willa's genes（基因）were saved for years since the cloning technology was not perfect enough at that time. " The theory of genes showed the genetic value that Willa could bring to her babies，"Ryan Phelan，who was working in the project，told CNN. "But it was a promise to see this type of ferret pass on that has led to the successful birth of Elizabeth Ann，If Elizabeth Ann can reproduce later on，the number of the ferrets may grow，which helps them stand stronger against natural risks，CBS news reported.However，the effects of cloning remain unclear，according to CNN.
Elizabeth Ann will not be put into the wild and will stay in the lab where she was born so researchers can study her，according to BBC.The team is now working on producing more "Elizabeth Anns"in the coming months.Besides that，researchers also point out the importance of protection for ferrets" living places.
（1）What can we know about the black ﹣footed ferrets from the text？
A.They lead a happy life in the wild.
B.They have no chance to pass on.
C.They are in danger of dying out.
D.They can protect themselves well.
（2）The black﹣footed ferrets are in a bad situation because of .
A.the harm of hunting
B.the shortage of food
C.the change of genes
D.the pollution of water
（3）According to the text，the scientists protect the black﹣footed ferrets through .
A.providing enough food
B.changing living places
C.keeping them in the lab
ing the cloning technology
（4）Which picture may show the change of the ferrets if cloning technology works well？
A.
B.
C.
D.
（5）What would be the best title of the text？
A.Effects of Cloning Technology
B.Ways of Protecting Animals
C.Cloning for Animal Protection
D.Research for Wild animals
四．第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。

（共1小题；每小题5分，满分5分）
21．（5分）It can be colorful or made in gray.It can be as tall as a building or as small as your hand （1）You may have seen it in your own city or neighborhood.It can be found all around the world.（2）.
Street art.
（3）It can usually make a statement by expressing an idea or some feeling.But what makes street art so popular？Quite simply，it makes us think.
For example，one of the most attractive pieces of street art is a mural （壁画）in Rio de Janeiro，Brazil.It measures about 3，000 square meters.（4）This mural was created by Brazilian artist Eduardo Kobra for the 2016 Rio Olympic Games.The piece shows the faces of human beings in ancient times，showing that everyone is connected.（5）.
Street art is a way for people to let their voices be heard in a creative way.It is a way for people to say，"Look，I am here.
A.Can you guess what it is？
B.It can be made up of words or a picture.
C.Up to now，it has been the largest street mural.
D Street art is any artwork that is made in a public area.
E.The mural was so famous that Kobra achieved a Guinness world Record.
五.情景交际（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
22．（2分）你想表示感谢，可以这么说：
.
23．（2分）你问康康想喝点什么，可以这样问：
，Knagkang？
24．（2分）你看到一朵漂亮的花，可以这么感叹：
!
25．（2分）你想问图书管理员这本书可以借多久，可以这样问：？26．（2分）你想问你同桌是否介意你开窗，你可以这么问：
Would you mind my？
六.看图写话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写一个与图画情景相符的句子。

27．（2分）now
28．（2分）often
29．（2分）enjoy
30．（2分）have ，twice
31．（2分）it ，necessary
七.短文填空（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯.
32．（10分）Wuyi Mountain，famous for its beautiful water and mountain scenery，is one of the most popular places in Fujian province.In Dec.1999，it was included into the UNESCO World Natural and Cultural Relics List.It became the（1）（four）mountain on this list in China after Taishan Mountain，Huangshan Mountain，and Emei Mountain.
Wuyi Mountain lies（2）the north of Fujian Province.Wuyi Mountain is hundreds of kilometers long，just like（3）green dragon flying among Fujian，Zhejiang，Jiangxi and Guangdong Provinces.Wuyishan City is named after this mountain and has a long history.
In the 70﹣sq﹣km Wuyi Mountain，tourists can enjoy many（4）/ˈspeʃl/
and unique natural features，like fantastic mountains，winding rivers，deep caves，strange（5）（stone）and so on.Wuyi Mountain is also a good place for green plants and animals.It is（6）（harm）to 2，527 plants and 5，000 wild animals .
Wuyi mountain also has great cultural（7）historical value.Wuyi tea has an especially reputation.Da Hong Pao tea in the area is（8）（consider）the king of teas.Of all the Chinese teas，it was the（9）（early）kind introduced into Europe and America.
If you come to visit Fujian，you shouldn't（10）/mɪs/it.
八.书面表达（15分）
33．（15分）假如你是李华，上周参加了学校组织的研学旅行，请根据下图提示，用英语写一封邮件向你的外国笔友David介绍活动情况以及自己的收获或感想。

词数80左右。

Time ：last Friday
Place ：the Red Army Farm
Activities：
（1）visit the Red Army Museum
（2）Feed animals
（3）Cook the meal
......
Your Feelings：......
注意事项：
（1）根据提示信息适当发挥，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
（2）意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范；
（3）请勿在文中使用真实的姓名和校名。

Dear David，
I'm writing to share with you my experience on the study tour.
Yours，
Li Hua
2021年福建省龙岩市中考英语质检试卷
参考答案与试题解析
一.单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。

1．（1分）Lily helped an old woman her way to school.
A．on B．at C．in
【解答】句意：莉莉在上学的路上帮助一位老妇人。

on her way to school为固定搭配，意为"在上学的路上"。

故选：A。

2．（1分）﹣Is this pencil﹣box yours？
﹣No，Sally lost a pencil﹣box.Maybe it's .
A．mine B．yours C．hers
【解答】mine我的；yours你的；hers她的。

根据"莎莉丢了一个铅笔盒"可知"或许是她的"。

故选：C。

3．（1分）﹣Could you give me some bread？I'm .
﹣OK.
A．thirsty B．hungry C．sleepy
【解答】thirsty口渴的；hungry饥饿的；sleepy瞌睡的。

根据"你能给我一些面包吗"可知"我饿了"。

故选：B。

4．（1分）﹣What club would you like to join？
﹣The club.My favorite poet is Du Fu.
A．poem B．chess C．science
【解答】poem诗；chess国际象棋；science科学。

根据My favorite poet is Du Fu"我最喜欢的诗人是杜甫"可知，想要加入"诗歌"俱乐部。

故选：A。

5．（1分）﹣will your uncle come back？
﹣In three days．（）
A．How often B．How soon C．How long D．How much
【解答】A表示多久一次，询问频率，其回答通常是once a week，twice a day．B表示多久以后，其常和一般将来时连用，其回答通常是in+时间段．C表示多久，多长时间，其回答通常是for+时间段．D表示多少钱，询问价格．根据题干中回答可知此处询问你叔叔多久以后会回来，则应用how soon．
故选：B．
6．（1分）﹣Which film would you like to watch tonight，Hi，Mom or Detective Chinatown 3？
﹣is OK.They are both good movies.
A．Both B．Either C．Neither
【解答】both两者都；either两个中的任意一个；neither两者都不。

根据They are both good movies.以及横线后的is可知，either符合题意。

故选：B。

7．（1分）﹣The boys are talking about Chang'e 5 .
﹣Yes.They are interested in space.
A．happily B．sadly C．angrily
【解答】happily高兴地；sadly难过地；angrily生气地。

从They are interested in space.判断上面说的是高兴地谈论。

故选：A。

8．（1分）﹣Mum，______ I do the same job as you when I grow up？
﹣No，you needn't.You can make your own decision.
A．may B．can C．must
【解答】may可以；can能；must必须。

must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用No，sb needn't.
故选：C。

9．（1分）—Where do you plan during the summer vacation？
—Maybe I will go to Shanghai with my parents.
A．travel B．traveling C．to travel
【解答】travel旅游，动词原形；traveling动名词/现在分词；to travel不定式。

plan to do sth"
计划做某事"固定搭配，填不定式to travel。

故选：C。

10．（1分）The Chinese doctors went to Russia to help the patients they knew it was dangerous.
A．if B．though C．unless
【解答】if如果、是否；though虽然、尽管；unless除非。

根据The Chinese doctors went to Russia to help the patients"中国医生去俄罗斯帮助病人"，及they knew it was dangerous"......他们知道这很危险"可知，应该是"尽管"，用though引导让步状语从句。

故选：B。

11．（1分）﹣What are you so excited about？
﹣I ________ an invitation to the concert．I can't wait to go．（）
A．receive B．will receive
C．have received
【解答】结合预测句意"我收到了音乐会的邀请．我迫不及待要去了"和语法可知，要用现在完成时，其构成为have/ has done．
故选：C．
12．（1分）Notices were in the community to ask us to wear face masks（口罩）in public.
A．put away B．put off C．put up
【解答】A收起来，B推迟，C建造；搭起；设立；张贴；挂起，根据汉语意思：社区里张贴了通知要求我们在公共场合戴口罩。

put up表示张贴之意，
故选：C。

13．（1分）—Perfect photos！
—Thank you.They by my Huawei mobile phone.
A．took B．were taken
C．will be take
【解答】主语they是动词take的承受者，根据语境可知用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成是；was/were+ 过去分词。

故选：B。

14．（1分）Zhang Guimei is a heroic woman has spent over 40 years helping poor girls get education.
A．who B．whom C．which
【解答】分析句子结构，此句中含有定语从句，先行词是a heroic woman，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，用who引导。

故选：A。

15．（1分）﹣Do you know ？
﹣In Fuzhou.
A．where the 4th Digital China Summit was held
B．when the 4th Digital China Summit was held
C．why the 4th Digital China Summit was held
【解答】根据题干和选项"Do you know________ ？"可知此处考查宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序；选项ABC是陈述句语序。

结合答句用一般过去时，可排除A项；由答句中回答In Fuzhou"可推出宾语从句的引导词是where，排除BC项。

故选：A。

二.完形填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分10分）从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

16．（10分）When William Lindsay was in primary school，he loved studying maps.The saw﹣tooth（锯齿般的））line in China（1）C his eye.He decided to visit the line，that is，the Great Wall of China.
Driven by this（2）A，Lindsay set off on his Great Wall journey in 1984.Only a few days later，he became ill and had to（3）C his plan.After returning to Britain，he began to （4）more often to build himself up.He even learned some basic Chinese.With full preparation，Lindsay set off（5）A in 1987.After many，many difficult days of hiking along the Great Wall，he was finally able to arrive at Shanhaiguan.Altogether，the hike（6）about 160 days.
Through this trip，Lindsay developed a（7）A understanding of the Great Wall.Since then，he has made great efforts to protect it.In 1988，he organized more than 120 volunteers to pick up（8）on the Great Wall.Lindsay soon realized the difficulty of collecting all the rubbish on the Wall.He started to give lectures around the country（9）C began looking for more volunteers.
During Lindsay's Great Wall hike，he met with a Chinese girl from Xi'an.They got married in 1988.Lindsay's wife and two sons joined him in（10）C the Great Wall later.The British
man said he would spend his remaining years in China﹣for his family and for the Wall.
（1）A .closed B.hurt C.caught
（2）A.dream B.advice C.problem
（3）A.give away B.give in C give up
（4）A.cook B.exercise C.read
（5）A.again B.first C.still
（6）A.wasted sted C.Increase
（7）A deeper B.harder C.poorer
（8）A.money B.litter C.food
（9）A.but B.or C.and
（10）A.visiting B.building C .protecting
【解答】（1）C 动词辨析。

closed关闭；hurt伤害；caught抓住；根据"he loved studying maps"可知，此处指的是引起了他的注意，catch one's eyes"吸引眼球"，句意：中国的锯齿线引起了他的注意。

故选C。

（2）A 名词辨析。

dream梦想；advice建议；problem问题；根据"He decided to visit the line，that is，the Great Wall of China."可知，参观长城是他的梦想，句意：在这个梦想的驱使下，Lindsay于1984年开始了他的长城之旅。

故选A。

（3）C 短语辨析。

give away赠送；give in投降；give up放弃；根据"he became ill"可知，他放弃了计划，句意：仅仅几天之后，他病了，不得不放弃他的计划。

故选C。

（4）B 动词辨析。

cook做饭；exercise锻炼；read读；根据"more often to build himself up"可知，这里说的是锻炼身体来增强体质，句意：回到英国后，他开始更多地锻炼以增强体质。

故选B。

（5）A 副词辨析。

again再次；first第一；still仍然；根据"With full preparation，Lind say set off..可知，1987年再次启程来到中国，句意：经过充分的准备，Lindsay于1987年再次启程。

故选A。

（6）B 动词辨析。

wasted浪费；lasted持续；increased增加；根据he was finally able to arrive at Shanhaiguan.Altogether，the hike（6）about 160 days.可知，此处指的是旅行持续了160
天，句意：这次徒步旅行总共需要160天。

故选B。

（7）A 形容词辨析。

deeper更深的；harder更努力的；poorer更穷的；根据"Through this trip，Lindsay developed a__understanding of the Great Wall."可知，此处指的是对长城有了更深的理解，句意：通过这次旅行，Lindsay对长城有了更深的了解。

故选A。

（8）B 名词辨析。

money钱；litter垃圾；food食物；根据"Lindsay soon realized the difficulty of collecting all the rubbish on the Wall"可知，在长城上捡垃圾，句意：1988年，他组织了120多名志愿者在长城上捡垃圾。

故选B。

（9）C 连词辨析。

but但是；or或者；and和；句意：他开始在全国各地讲课，并开始寻找更多的志愿者。

空格前后两句表达的是并列，应用and连接，故选C。

（10）C 动词辨析。

visiting参观；building修建；protecting保护；根据"he has made great efforts to protectit."可知，此处说的是妻子和儿子一起和他保护长城，句意：Lindsay的妻子和两个儿子后来和他一起保护长城。

故选C。

三.阅读理解（共两节，25小题；满分40分）第一节阅读下面A、B、C、D四篇短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

（共4小题；每小题10分，满分40分）
17．（10分）
A rainbow from soap（肥皂）
It is easy to make a rainbow of colors.
You'll need：
An iron coat hanger；A large pan；Some soap powder；A bottle of water
You should do：
Take materials outdoors on a sunny day.
（1）Make a coat hanger into a ring.
（2）Put the ring in a pan，pour in enough water to cover it，mix a few tablespoons of soap powder into water.
（3）Lift the ring，and watch it closely.Do you see colors？
（4）Put the ring in again，wave it lightly to make a big bubble（气泡）and watch it.Do you see colors？
（5）What happens？The soapy water makes a thin，clear film that is not the same thickness in all places.
（1）How many kinds of materials are needed for the experiment？ B.
A.5.
B.4.
C.3.
D.2.
（2）You had better do the experiment when it is.
A.rainy
B.sunny
C.windy
D.cloudy
（3）What should we do in the first step？ A.
A.Shape a coat hanger.
B .Pour water into the pan.
C.Put a ring in a pan.
D.Lift the ring.
（4）Colors can be seen most clearly A.
A.at the top
B.in the middle
C.at the bottom
D.around the side
（5）In which section of a newspaper would you probably read the text？ D.
A .Sports News.
B .Job Wanted.
C .Lost and Found.
D .Do It Yourself.
【解答】（1）B.推理判断题。

根据"An iron coat hanger A large pan Some soap powder.A botle of water."可知，这个实验需要的材料有；一个铁衣架，一个很大的锅，一些肥皂粉和一瓶水，一共是四种。

所以实验需要4种材料。

故选B。

（2）B.细节理解题。

根据Take maenals oatdoors on a sunn day.可知，在阳光明媚的日子把材料带到户外。

所以你最好在晴天的时候做这个实验。

故选B。

（3）A.细节理解题。

根据（1）Make a coat hanger into a ring.可知，第一步把衣架做成一个环形，这是给衣架塑形。

所以第一步我们应该塑造一个衣架。

故选A。

（4）A.细节理解题。

根据"Colors clearest it top"可知，顶部的颜色最清晰。

故选A。

（5）D.推理判断题。

根据"A rainbow from scap（肥皂）。

It is casy to make a rainbow of colors."可知，本文主要介绍了如何用肥皂制作彩虹。

所以我们可能会在报纸的自己动手做版面读到这篇文章。

故选D。

18．（10分）New trains run across mountains and the Great Wall to the north of Beijing like bullets （子弹）.They run on a high﹣speed railway line connecting Beijing and Zhangjiakou that came into service in the last month of 2019.
The railway is an important support project for the 2022 Winter Olympics.The 174﹣km railways trains move at a top speed of 350 km/h.This reduces the travel time between Beijing and Zhangjiakou，the host cities of the Winter Games，from over three hours to only 47 minutes.
Some of the trains on this railway are smart trains that can run by themselves.With the
help of Beidou，they can start，run between stations，change their timing according to the schedule accurately stop at a station，and open and close their doors.Passengers can also watch live events.during the Winter Olympics on the train，which is equipped with 5 G technology.
Some people refer to Zhan Tianyou as "the father of China's railways".He led construction on the old Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou railway.
China's first independently﹣designed railway.Back in the Qing Dynasty（1644﹣1911），building a railway without foreign help was thought impossible.But Zhan，the main engineer of the railway project，believed that it could be done.After overcoming many difficulties，the Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou line was put into service in 1909.Its trains ran at 35 km/h.
As President Xi said，the Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou railway stands for the development of China's railways over more than a century，as well as China's development in general.
（1）When was the new Beijing and Zhangjiakou line put into use？D
A.In September.
B.In October.
C.In November.
D.In December.
（2）What is the third paragraph mainly about？C
A.The self﹣driving train.
B.The 2022 Winter Olympics.
C.The advantages of Beidou.
D.The development of 5 G
（3）What does the underlined word"it"in Paragraph 5 refer to？C
A.Reducing the travel time.
B Watching live events.
C.Building China's own railway.
D.Holding the Winter Olympics.
（4）What can we know about Zhan Tianyou？
A.He produced the first train.
B.He designed China's first railway.
C.He drove the first train in China.
D.He increased the speed of train.
（5）What can we infer（推断）from the text？D
A.Zhan Tianyou is"the father of China's high﹣speed railways.
B.The high﹣speed train runs five times faster than the first train.
C.The Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou line was designed by foreign engineers.
D.China has made great progress in developing high﹣speed railways.
【解答】（1）D.推理判断题。

根据They run on a high﹣speed railway line connecting Beijing and Zhangjiakou that came into service in the last month of 2019.可知它们运行在一条连接北京和张家口的高速铁路线上，这条铁路于2019年最后一个月投入使用。

因此可知新的京张线是在十二月投入使用的。

故选D.
（2）C.段落大意题。

通读全段，尤其是根据Some of the trains on this railway are smart trains that can run by themselves.With the help of Beidou，they can start，run between stations，change their timing according to the schedule accurately stop at a station，and open and close their doors.Passengers can also watch live events.during the Winter Olympics on the train，which is equipped with 5 G technology.这条铁路上的一些列车是智能列车，它们可以自己运行。

借助北斗，它们可以启动，在站间运行，根据时刻表改变时间，准确地停在一个车站，并可以打开和关闭车门。

乘客还可以观看现场活动。

在冬奥会期间，在列车上，这是配备5 G技术。

可知第三段主要介绍了北斗的优势。

故选C.
（3）C.词义猜测题。

根据China's first independently﹣designed railway.Back in the Qing Dynasty（1644﹣1911），building a railway without foreign help was thought impossible.But Zhan，the main engineer of the railway project，believed that it could be done.After overcoming many difficulties，the Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou line was put into service in 1909.Its trains ran at 35 km/h.可知中国第一条独立设计的铁路。

早在清朝（1644﹣1911），没有外国的帮助修建铁路被认为是不可能的。

但是铁路项目的总工程师詹认为它是可以做到的。

根据前后文含义以及结合选项可知，此处it指的是"建设中国自己的铁路"。

故选C.
（4）B.细节理解题。

根据China's first independently﹣designed railway.Back in the Qing Dynasty（1644﹣1911），building a railway without foreign help was thought impossible.But Zhan，the main engineer of the railway project，believed that it could be done.After overcoming many difficulties，the Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou line was put into service in 1909.可知中国第一。