英语：必修3 unit4 astronomy：the science of the stars学案(人教新课标).doc

必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
人教新课标
一、预习导学
重点单词
system n. 系统；体系；制度
religion n.宗教；宗教信仰
theory n.学说；理论
globe n.球体；地球仪；地球
violent adj.猛烈的，激烈的
atmosphere n.大气层；气氛
unlike prep.不同；不像
fundamental adj.基本的；基础的
harmful adj. 有害的，伤害的
chain n.链子；连锁；锁链
oxygen n.氧
exist vi. 存在；生存
thus adv. 因此；于是
puzzle n.谜；难题
vi.& vt.（使）迷惑；（使）为难
biology n.生物学
biologist n.生物学家
gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的
physicist n. 物理学家
climate n. 气候
crash vi. & vt.碰撞；坠落
pull n. & vt. 拉；拖；牵引力
float vi. & vt.（使）浮动；（使）漂浮
n.漂浮物
重点短语
in time 及时；最终；迟早
in one’ s turn 轮到某人；接着
prevent...from 使……不做某事；阻止……做某事
cheer up 感到高兴，感到振奋
now that 既然，由于
depend on 依赖，依靠
break out (灾难、战争等)突发；爆发
watch out 密切注视；当心；提防
重（难）点句型
1. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion yeas ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.
△句型结构分析。

2. It exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were in time to produce the water vapor, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earth’ s atmosphere.
△ be + to do 结构
3. This produced a chain reaction , which made it possible for life to develop.
△it作形式宾语。

4. But when I tried to step forward I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.
△倍数表达法
二、知识精讲
（一）重点单词
1. system n.[c] 系统；体系；制度systematic adj.
He created a new system of teaching foreign languages.
他创造了一种新的外语教学体系。

The new system has had a disastrous effect on productivity.
新制度对生产率产生了灾难性的影响。

Too much alcohol is bad for the system.
过量饮酒对身体有害。

theory n.学说；理论theoretic adj.
There are many theories about the origin of life.
关于生命起源的学说有很多。

In this way they can better apply theory to practice.
这样他们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。

Your plan sounds fine in theory it d oesn’t work in practice.
你的计划在理论上听起来不错，但在实践中无法实施。

2. violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；粗暴的violence n.
They are launching a violent attack on the enemy.
他们对敌人展开了猛烈的进攻。

The class was shocked by his violent language.
全班同学对他激烈的言辞感到震惊。

Children should not be allowed to watch violent movies.
不应允许儿童看暴力电影。

The young man was charged with robbery with violence.
这个年轻人被控暴力抢劫。

3. unlike
（1）prep. 与……不像，与……不同
Unlike his brother, he has a sense of humor.
与他的兄弟不同，他很有幽默感。

It’s unlike you not to say hello.
连招呼都不打，这可不像是你（的作风）。

（2）adj. 不同的, 相异的, 不相似的
They give unlike accounts of the incident.
他们对这件事的描述各不相同。

4. fundamental adj. 基本的；基础的；必要的
There is a fundamental difference in attitude between the two politicians.
这两位政治家的态度有着根本区别。

Fresh air is fundamental to good health.
新鲜空气对健康是不可缺少的。

5. harmful adj. 对……有害的harmless adj.
It is obvious that smoking is harmful to health.
很显然，吸烟对健康有害。

知识拓展
harm n. 损害, 危害, 伤害；vt. (使)受到损害, 伤害
Excessive drinking will be harmful to you. /do you harm. / do harm to you. / harm you. 过量饮酒对身体有害。

6. exist vi. 存在；生存existence n. 存在
Man can’t exist without oxygen .人没有氧气就不能生存。

I can hardly exist on the wage I’ m getting.
我靠我挣的工资简直难以糊口。

There exists a good way to solve the existing problem.
有一个解决目前问题的好办法。

No one knows how this world came into existence。

没有人知道这个世界是怎样形成的。

7. puzzle
（1）n. 谜，难题；令人费解的事[人]
Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.
他们为什么干那件事仍然让我费解。

It’s a quite puzzle to us why he did it.
他为何做这样的事，我们完全搞不懂。

（2）vi. & vt. (使)迷惑；（使）为难
What puzzled me was why they didn’t take her advice.
他们为什么不接受她的建议，这使我大惑不解。

知识拓展
puzzling 令人困惑的puzzled 感到困惑的
We felt puzzled at these puzzling questions.
我们对这些令人困惑的问题感到茫然。

即学即用
①At last, I made up my mind to speak the truth ______of the whole class.
A. in the present
B. at the present
C. in the presence
D. at the presence
②They had a ______ quarrel and John stormed out.
A. violent
B. cruel
C. strong C. harmful
③His new novel is ______all his previous ones.
A. unlike
B. not likely
C. unlikely
D. likely
④Judging from his ______look , this problem must be quite ______.
A. puzzling; puzzling
B. puzzled; puzzled
C. puzzling; puzzled
D. puzzled; puzzling
⑤We don’t own the building. _____, it would be impossible for us to make any major changes to it.
A. Thus
B. Yet
C. Still
D. Even
⑥A strange virus struck my computer _____so that it broke down.
A. design
B. system
C. theory
D. instrument
⑦A truck went out of control and ______into the back of a bus.
A. cracked
B. crashed
C. broke
D. burst
⑧Scientists are not sure about the _____of water on Mars.
A. appearance
B. existence
C. connection
D. possibility
（二）重点短语
1. They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapor and other gases, which were to make the earth’s atmosphere.
最终产生了碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。

△ in time及时；最终；迟早
If you keep on, you will succeed in time.
如果坚持下去，你迟早会成功的。

The storm was to stop in time before the sports meeting.
暴风雨终于在运动会开始前停下来了。

He managed to send the tourists to the airport in time.
他设法把游客及时送到了机场。

The doctor came in time to save his life.
医生及时赶到救了他的命。

Will we be in time for the six o’clock train?
我们来得及赶上六点钟的那趟火车吗？
知识拓展
常与time搭配的短语还有
The company fired him for not coming to work on time.
那家公司因他不按时上班而解雇了他。

I’ll be back in no time.我马上就回来。

Take the pills two at a time.每次服两粒。

He was at one time a professor in that university.
他一度是那所大学的教授。

Everyone may make mistakes at times.
每个人都会不时的犯错误。

They finished the work ahead of time.
他们提前完成了工作。

She’s staying with her aunt for the time being.
她暂时住在她姨妈那里。

Take your time packing, for we still have one and a half hour.
慢慢整理你的行李, 我们还有一个半小时的时间。

2. Thus they have, in their turn , become the most important animals on the planet. 于是，他们接着成为了这个行星上最重要的动物。

△ in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着
Tomorrow, in his turn, he will be on duty.
明天轮到他值班了。

知识拓展
常与turn 搭配的短语还有：
We drove the car by turns / in turn.
= We took turns to drive the car.
我们轮流开车。

All theories are derived from practice and in turn serve practice.
所有理论来源于实践，并反过来为实践服务。

It’s my turn to give a speech today.
今天轮到我发言了。

3. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping the earth into space.
△prevent…from 阻止，制止
No one can prevent the plan from being carried out.
谁也不能阻止这个计划的实施。

His back injury may prevent him from playing in tomorrow’s game.
他背部的伤可能使他参加不了明天的比赛。

知识拓展
“阻止某人干某事”常见的英语表达法：
Doctors took action to prevent/stop/keep the disease from spreading.
= The disease is prevented / stopped / kept from spreading.
医生采取措施防止这种疾病的蔓延。

注意: prevent / stop sb. from doing sth.中的from可以省略, keep sb. from doing sth.中的from不可省略；但如在被动语态中，三个词组中的from都不可以省略.
辨析：
prevent…from / protect …from
He put on his sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
他戴上太阳镜保护眼睛不受强光的伤害。

4. So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.
所以在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。

△ depend on /upon取决于、依赖、信赖、信任
All living things depend on the sun for their growth.
万物生长靠太阳。

Whether the game will be played depends on the weather.
比赛是否举行要视天气情况而定。

We can depend on him for help.
我们可以指望他帮忙。

You can depend on me to go / my going there with you.
你可以指望我和你一起去那里。

You can depend on it that he will help us.
你要相信他会帮我们的。

知识拓展
It/That (all) depends. 很难说，视情况而定
—Will you come back this afternoon? 你今天下午回来吗？
—It all depends. 说不准。

5. I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth becoming smaller and the moon larger.
我立刻欢呼起来，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着地球越来越小，而月球越来越大。

△ cheer up (使)高兴起来, (使)振作起来
The news cheered him up.这消息使他高兴起来。

Cheer up! It can’t be a s bad as all that.
振作起来!情况不会那么糟。

We all cheered up at the news of the successful launching of Chang’e I.
听到嫦娥一号发射成功的消息，我们都欢呼起来。

知识拓展
The crowd cheered the runners on.
人群对跑步者高喊加油。

6. Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.
既然重力改变了，走路也的确需要练一练了。

△ now that 既然，由于，引导原因状语从句。

that可以省略
Now that you have finished your work, you’d better have a rest.
既然你的工作已经做完了，你最好休息一下。

Now that you are ready, let’s start off at once.
既然你已经准备好了，让我们立刻出发吧。

知识拓展
Since everybody is here, we will begin the meeting.
既然大家都来了，我们开始开会。

7. We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the space ship as the gravity increased.
我们惊奇地看到，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起来。

△ break out突然发生，爆发
A fire broke out in his house last night.
昨天夜里他家发生了一起火灾。

The Second World War broke out in September 1939.
第二次世界大战爆发于1939年9月。

知识拓展
辨析break out /happen/ take place / occur /come about
break out 多用于表示战争、火灾、疾病、疫情的突然爆发。

happen 普通用语，表示所发生的事带有偶然性、意外性，可用于happen to do 结构。

take place 强调必然性或按计划、安排发生。

occur为正式用语，指具体事物时可以与happen互换，另外occur有“突然想起”之意。

Whatever happens, we must keep calm. 不管发生什么事，我们都应保持镇定。

The war between the two countries broke out at last.
这两个国家之间的战争最终还是爆发了。

I hope this won’t occur again.
我希望不要再发生这种事情。

It occurred to me that I had left the door unlocked.
我突然想起忘记锁门了。

The evening party w ill take place on New Year’s Eve.
晚会将在除夕那天举行。

注意：以上这些单词和短语的主语都不可以是人，也不可以用于被动语态8. watch out 密切注视；当心；提防
Watch out! There’s a car coming. 小心! 汽车来了。

Watch out for the step. 当心台阶。

Watch out that you don’t get them into trouble.
当心别让他们陷入麻烦之中。

知识拓展
Do you mind watching over my bag while I go to the rest room?
我去趟卫生间，请你帮我照看一下包好吗？
本单元其他重要的短语
according to依据……，按照……
in all directions四面八方，各方面
fill…with 用……填充
all sorts of 各种各样的
for the first time 第一次
lay eggs 下蛋
be different from 与……不同
give birth to 产生；分娩
as a result of由于……的结果
escape from从……逃跑
block out 挡住（光线）
have the chance to do sth. 有机会做某事
explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事
be off 出发，动身
get/ be close to 靠近，接近
get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解
即学即用
1. —How often do you go to the cinema?
—, but usually twice a month.
A. It all depends
B. Have no idea
C. As usual
D. Not at all
2. How the big forest fire has remains to be a mystery.
A. taken place
B. turned up
C. broken out
D. broken up
3. —I’m thinking of the test tomorrow. I’m afraid I can’t pass t his time.
—! I’m sure you’ll make it.
A. Go ahead
B. Good luck
C. No problem
D. Cheer up
4. We must do whatever we can to the river being polluted any more.
A. separate
B. keep
C. prevent
D. guard
5. _________your father has bought a new bike for you, it is no use going to the shop to buy another one.
A. Although
B. Now that
C. After all
D. Because
6. You may depend on ________that Alice will do the job well.
A. her
B. it
C. this
D. everything.
7. —, a fire-engine is running over towards us.
—Yes, a big fire nearby，I guess.
A. Take care; must break out
B. Be careful; must break out
C. Look out; must have broken out
D. Look; was broken out
8. Make sure that young children cannot pools, lakes and rivers by themselves.
A. get closely to
B. get close to
C. get nearly to
D. get near to
9. ________, I lost heart in English learning, but my teacher often said to me, “Keep on studying h ard, and you will succeed _________.”
A. At a time; in time
B. At a time; on time
C. At one time; in time
D. At one time; on time
10. When you are walking in wild woods, you have to ______for snakes.
A. look after
B. watch out
C. watch over
D. go over
（三）重（难）点句型
1. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.
直到38—45亿年前这团尘埃慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物时，人们才知道它变成什么样子。

地球变得剧烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。

2. It exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapor and other gases, which were to make the earth’ s atmosphere.
它猛烈的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石，最终产生了碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。

△本句中的were to make 为be + to do 结构，表示将来意义。

The train is to arrive in Beijing at 10: 25 am.
这趟火车将于上午10: 25到达北京。

I felt excited because I was soon to leave home for the first time.
我感到很激动，因为我很快就要第一次离开家了。

知识拓展
be to do 的其它用法
The books in this room are not to be taken outside.
这个屋内的书籍不得带出室外。

If we are to be there before ten, we will have to go now.
如果我们想在十点前到达，我们现在就得走。

Am I to go on with the work?
要我继续这项工作吗？
The discovery is to have a major effect on the treatment of the heart disease.
这项发现必然会对心脏病的治疗产生重大影响。

3. This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.
所产生的一系列反应，使生命有可能开始发展。

△本句中的make it possible 为make +宾语+宾语补足语结构，it为形式宾语，而真正的宾语是后面的不定式。

She made it her business to find out who was responsible.
她非要弄清楚是谁的责任不可。

We ma ke it a rule to get up at 6 o’ clock every morning.
我们规定早上六点钟起床。

知识拓展
常用于此结构的动词还有think，feel，find，consider等
He found it impossible to leave Germany for the USA.
他发现不可能离开德国去美国。

I think /find/feel/consider it my duty to help you.
我觉得我有责任帮助你。

4. But when I tried to step forward I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.
当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发现我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。

△本句中twice as… as... “是……的两倍”，是英语中常见的倍数表达法。

My room is twice as large as his.我的房间是他的房间的两倍大。

知识拓展
英语中常见的表示倍数的句型
This ruler is three times as long as that one.
= This ruler is three times longer than that one.
= This ruler is three times the length of that one.
这把尺子是那把的三倍长。

My income is twice as much as yours.
我的收入是你的两倍。

There are four times as many students as we expected.
学生的数量是我们预计的四倍。

The price of the meat is twice what it was last year.
肉价是去年的两倍。

即学即用
①The flower will grow better if they ________regularly.
A. are to be watered
B. will be watered
C. will water
D. will be water
②If a man _____ succeed, he must work as hard as he can.
A. will
B. is to
C. is going to
D. should
③Some parts in South China have experienced this year as they did last year.
A. twice as much rain
B. rain twice as much
C. as twice much rain
D. twice rain as much
④—Do you think ______worthwhile to go all the way to Los Angles to buy that computer?
—Well, I am going to visit some relatives, too.
A. it
B. /
C. this
D. that
【典型例题】
1. Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cos t________ his.
A. as much twice as
B. twice as much as
C. much as twice as
D. as twice much as
2. The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly______.
A. atmosphere
B. state
C. situation
D. phenomenon
3. I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times______.
A. as much
B. as many
C. so much
D. so many
4. —I am afraid I can’t return the book to you before Friday.
—__ .
A. Don’t be afraid
B. Be careful
C. Not at all.
D. Take your time
5. According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer _________ a woman.
A. than
B. such
C. so
D. as
6. My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice _______ expensive.
A. as
B. so
C. too
D. very
名词性从句（2）预习导学
（一）主语从句
1. 概念与引导词
__________________叫主语从句。

引导主语从句的引导词有____________________.
2. 主语从句需要注意的问题
(1) 从属连词that的省略问题
That he will come to the conference has excited every one of us.
It is decided that the meeting will be put off till next Mondays.
归纳：_____________________________.
(2) 主语从句常用it作形式主语的固定句式
It is necessary that one (should) master the skills of operating computers.
It’s no wonder that you have achieved so much success.
It has been proved that what you have said is right.
It seems that there is something strange about the case.
It doesn’t matter much whether we go together or separately.
How strange it is that the children are so quiet!
归纳：_____________________________.
（3）连接代词whatever, whoever, whichever引导的主语从句的双重作用。

Whoever breaks the law should be punished.
Whatever he likes will be given him.
Whichever book you choose will belong to you.
归纳：_____________________________.
（4）主语从句中if / whether的选用问题
Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.
= It is doubtful whether /if the work can be completed on time.
归纳：_____________________________.
（二）同位语从句
1. 概念
________________叫同位语从句。

通常可接同位语从句的名词有_________________.
2. 同位语从句需要注意的问题
(1) if / whether的选用问题
I have no idea whether you are interested in working for her.
They will discuss the problem whether the meeting will be put off.
归纳：_____________________________.
(2) 分隔同位语从句
His promise was along the letter that he would visit me this coming
Christmas.
归纳：_____________________________.
(3) 同位语从句的虚拟语气
It is our demand that she should go there.
He made the suggestion that the political prisoners (should) be set free.
归纳：_________________________. 类似的名词有：_____________________________.
(4) doubt 引导的同位语从句的引导词
We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.
There is no doubt that he will keep his promise.
归纳：_____________________________.
（5）定语从句与同位语从句的区别
请辨别下列4组句子中，哪一个是同位语从句，哪一个是定语从句
①The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.
The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.
②The foreign minister expressed the hope that he would come to China again.
The news that you heard is not true.
③The suggestion that a new bridge should be built was accepted.
The suggestion that the doctor gave was to cut down on smoking.
④I have no idea when he will come back from abroad.
That’s the reason why he didn’t come to the meeting.
归纳：_____________________________.
【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）
一、单项选择
*1. He made up his mind to devote his life _____pollution _____happily.
A. to prevent; to live
B. to prevent; from living
C. to preventing; to live
D. to preventing; from living
2. —How do you suggest we can go comfortably to Guilin?
—___________.
A. That’s a go od idea.
B. I can’t agree with you more
C. Enjoy yourself there
D. It all depends.
3. Each of the young man _____at the news that the experiment had proved to be a great success.
A. cheered up
B. hurried up
C. stayed up
D. rose up
*4. Going on a trip into ________space must be quite _____exciting experience.
A. /; the
B. the; the
C. the; an
D. /; an
5. All possible means ______. However, nothing can ______him dying of lung cancer.
A. has tried; stopped
B. have tried; keep
C. has been tried; prevent
D. have been tried; stop
6. He wants to see changes in the company and I am sure he will be _____.
A. on time
B. at a time
C. at times
D. in time
7. A terrible earthquake ________in Sichuan in May 2008.
A. broke down
B. was broken down
C. was broke out
D. broke out
8. ______you are good friends, you must know each other very well.
A. Even though
B. Unless
C. Now that
D. Before
9. There was a ____quarrel between the husband and wife; after that the wife left home and never came back.
A. sensitive
B. serious
C. violent
D. strict
*10. The festival has been a great success, _______last year when it rained nonstop.
A. like
B. unlike
C. alike
D. dislike
11. Once, there, in the small temple, ______a big bell. But now it has gone.
A. happened
B. came
C. existed
D. stood
12. You can’t learn English well without _____idiomatic ways of saying things.
A. watching for
B. watching over
C. watching out for
D. watching out
13. Scientists were _____as to why the whale had swum to the shore.
A. puzzling
B. being puzzled
C. puzzles
D. puzzled
14. It is reported that the farmers in this village have planted ___________this year as they did last year.
A. more than twice
B. as twice as many
C. twice as many as
D. twice as many
*15. Though most people know that smoking _____the risk of cancer, it is still hard for them to give it up.
A. multiplies
B. adds
C. combines
D. gains
二、完形填空
Mr Hart, a London taxi driver, has a new black taxi. With his 1 , he hurries through the busy 2 every day.
One day when he was 3 a short rest, a young man jumped into his taxi. “To the 4 as fast as you can,” shouted the man in a very unfriendly 5 . “My train leaves at three o’clock.”
Mr Hart did his best, but there was a lot of 6 . At every corner there was a red 7. “Hurry up, man! I don’t want to 8 my train,” said the young man.
“And I don’t want to have a (n) 9 ,” replied Mr Hart quickly.
While he was driving, Mr Hart suddenly 10 the man’s face. He was a thief. The police were 11 for him. His 12 was in the newspapers. Mr Hart raced through the street and 13 through red lights. Soon there was a police car 14 him. Mr Hart raced 15 until he reached the station. He 16 in front of the station at two minutes to three, and the young man 17 jumped out of the taxi.
“Stop! Stop!” cried Mr Hart. At that 18 the police car stopped, too. “Quick! He is the thief!” shouted Mr Hart. Two policemen rushed into the station. Three minutes later they 19 with the young man.
“Well 20 !” a policeman said to Mr Hart as they were taking the thief to the police car.
1. A. driver B. taxi C. guest D. road
2. A. hours B. jobs C. cars D. streets
3. A. having B. staying C. starting D. raising
4. A. airport B. stop C. shop D. station
5. A. sound B. way C. feeling D. habit
6. A. traffic B. permit C. room D. charge
7. A. drawing B. attention C. light D. notice
8. A. catch B. miss C. pass D. lose
9. A. mistake B. push C. accident D. block
10. A. recognized B. seemed C. found D. provided
11. A. waiting B. looking C. calling D. observing
12. A. picture B. autograph C. address D. evidence
13. A. walked B. ended C. drove D. leaped
14. A. behind B. before C. across D. under
15. A. down B. up C. on D. out
16. A. stopped B. affected C. rushed D. followed
17. A. occasionally B. quickly C. rarely D. carefully
18. A. aim B. scene C. section D. moment
19. A. returned B. left C. caught D. took
20. A. fit B. done C. work D. blow
三、阅读理解
A
I was being interviewed by a senior manager for a major insurance (保险业) company. I told him honestly why I wanted the job — I needed to keep my family in Boston.
My wife recently died of a heart attack. A job in Boston would help me reduce some of the extreme trauma (精神创伤) and pain of the loss for my 16-year-old daughter. It was important for me to keep her in her present high school. I could still hardly talk about the loss of my wife. Bruce, the interviewer, was politely empathetic, but he didn’t probe (彻底调查) any further. He admitted my loss and, with great respect, moved on to another subject. After the next round of the interview, Bruce took me to lunch with another manager. Then he asked me to take a walk with him. He told me that he, too, had lost his wife. And, like me, he had also been married 20 years and had three children. In his sharing, I realized that he had experienced the same pain as I had — a pain that was almost impossible to explain to someone who had not lost a beloved one. He offered his business card and home phone number and suggested that, if I need help or just want someone to talk to, I should feel free to give him a call. Whether I got the job or not, he wanted me to know that he was there if I ever needed help. When he had no idea if we would ever see each other again, he helped our family deal with one of the greatest losses. He turned the normally cold business interview into a caring support for another person in need.
1. The author took part in the interview because ______.
A. he had lost his job and wanted to find a new one
B. he had to support his family in Boston
C. his wife had recently died of a heart attack
D. his daughter needed money for schooling
2. The underlined word “empathetic” in the second paragraph means ______.
A. rough
B. easy-going
C. learned
D. understanding
3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Bruce invited the author to lunch later.
B. Bruce shared his life experience with the author.
C. Bruce was willing to help the author.
D. Bruce finally gave the job to the author.
4. We can infer from the last paragraph that ______.
A. Bruce and the author saw each other often
B. the author got little help from Bruce
C. the author learned much from the job interview
D. the author had a better life afterwards
5. What is the best title for the passage?
A. An act of kindness
B. A pleasant interview
C. The same experience
D. An important lesson
B*
Turning on the TV, a wonderful scene comes to your eyes — a group of men, tall, strong and handsome, and women, young, beautiful and attractive, too. Together they eat in the finest restaurants, traveling everywhere around the world by luxurious planes and pleasure-ships. They are models.
Do you envy them? What sort of life are models leading? Is it a wonderful life for a young lady or a young man?
A few models are well-known actors or actresses who can make a big money only by showing themselves off in commercials. But the majority of them are just curious to see what it is like. They’d like to be models just because they are attracted by what they imagine — models earn a lot of money and lead a glorious life. This is true for those who are very successful. However, most models find it difficult to get work. Very few can earn enough to live on, and for all models their expenses are high. Their agents claim about 20% of the earnings, and no model will get very far without a clever agent. Besides, they have to buy good clothing. They also have to pay to travel to interviews and reach the places where the work is to be done.
Interviews for a model job are known as cattle-markets in the modeling world. A top model can choose her work, demand and receive high fees and have her expenses paid. But for most models, the situation is quite different. An agent or employer inspects each model much as a farmer inspects cattle at a market. Intelligence, qualifications and personal characteristics count for little against good looks and the tight figure. For all except the very few lucky ones, the life of a model is a continual search for work, trying to sell herself or himself in the face of fierce competition and, sometimes, not particularly moral standards on the part of some employers.
Immigration officials at airport look suspiciously at a girl whose passport shows her occupati on as “Model”, and these are men and women of considerable experience of the world. It comes no surprise to find that some models prefer to put “Secretary” or “Businessman” as their jobs in their passports.
Modeling is a changeable world with great rewards for a tiny minority but not for the majority.
6. For models, their looks and figures are _______, compared with their good qualifications and intelligence.
A. more important
B. less needed
C. less essential
D. more looked down upon
7. Which of the following can lead you to believe according to the passage?
A. A model’s traveling expenses are usually paid by his employer.
B. To be a model, good looks are the most important qualification.
C. Most models have a fairly easy way of life with high pay.
D. A model can hardly be successful without a good agent.
8. Models often put “Secretary” or “Businessmen” instead of “Model” in their passports because ______.
A. they want to avoid being stopped to sign their names by fans
B. a person with the occupation of a model is easily attacked by black societies.
C. models are sometimes looked down upon
D. secretaries and businessmen are free of Customs duty
9. What may be the author’s attitude toward modeling?
A. It is a worthwhile life for a young lady or a young man.
B. He is in favor of young people to try modeling.
C. Before being crazy about a model job, young people should be aware of the difficulties.
D. It is a field in which everyone has a great chance to succeed.
10. The underlined word “suspiciously” can most probably be replaced by ______.
A. doubtfully
B. excitedly
C. proudly
D. sadly
四、单词拼写
1. Hawking is one of the most famous p ___________ in the world.
2. Coffee will not grow in a cold c_______.
3. We are trying to build a better social ____________(体系).
4. Though the __________(理论) was not right, it affects many people at that time.
5. Smoking is__________(有害的) to health , but some people can’t get rid of it.
6. The new owners have tried to give the restaurant a more family-friend a______________.
7. I was surprised by the _______(出席) of so many people.
8. There are _____________(根本的) differences between your religious beliefs and mine.
9. She always speaks in a g______ voice.
10. His behavior is a complete p__________ to me.
五、选词填空
2. To our great disappointment, a war ______between the two countries at last.
3. What can we do to ______the disease _______spreading?
4. The car came to a stop just ________to prevent an accident.
5. It seems difficult at first, but you will soon __________________it.
6. You will be cheated if you don’t ____________.
7. John never seemed at ease _______________.。