大学英语四级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷304(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷304(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 3. Reading Comprehension
Part III Reading Comprehension
Section A
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new【C1】______. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle. During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”. That’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its【C2】______. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such【C3】______monologues as: “Get up, John You’ll be late for work again.”The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives【C4】______what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. You can’t【C5】______your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by【C6】______staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning, but you have an important job to do early in the day,【C7】______before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam and work better at your low point. Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a【C8】______yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do【C9】______work in the afternoon and save tasks 【C10】______more energy or concentration for your sharper hours. A. rise B. realize C. peak D. intimate E. leisurely F. routine G. familiar H. maximum I. requiring J. habitually K. naturally L. explanation M. change N. commenting O. increase
1．【C1】
正确答案：L
解析：此处需要可数名词单数。

根据后一句“他已证明每个人都有一个日能量周期”，可推断此处为“发现”、“看法”或“解释”之类的词，因此explanation 正确。

知识模块：词汇理解
2．【C2】
正确答案：C
解析：此处需填名词，且与at构成词组。

根据上一句的you’re“hot”及本句的most energetic，可知此处指体温达到“最高”。

peak和maximum都可表达此义，但只有peak能与at搭配，at one’s peak／reach one’s peak意为“达到巅峰”。

而maximum与reach搭配，reach a maximum意为“达到最大值”。

知识模块：词汇理解
3．【C3】
正确答案：G
解析：此处需要形容词，修饰monologues。

根据as后的话语，可得出答案为familiar，意为“熟悉的”。

知识模块：词汇理解
4．【C4】
正确答案：B
解析：此处需要及物动词原形，作谓语。

根据宾语what these energy cycles mean，可推测该词表“知道，明白”之义，由此可得出答案为realize。

知识模块：词汇理解
5．【C5】
正确答案：M
解析：此处需要及物动词原形，作谓语。

由but转折可知我们只能让生活来适应能量周期，因此能量周期是不能被改变的，故可得出答案为change。

另外，下文本段最后一句提到“This won’t change your cycle”，这更进一步证实了change 是正确的。

知识模块：词汇理解
6．【C6】
正确答案：J
解析：此处需要副词，修饰staying up later。

根据前文所说“Habit can help”，可知此处指可以通过习惯来对抗能量周期，因此答案为habitually。

而从上一句的must stay up late anyway，可知naturally(自然地)不正确。

知识模块：词汇理解
7．【C7】
正确答案：A
解析：此处需要填不及物动词原形，作主句的谓语。

根据if件句的内容，可得出答案为rise(起床)。

知识模块：词汇理解
8．【C8】
正确答案：E
解析：此处需要形容词。

根据上一句中的a slow start，可选出答案leisurely，意为“从容不迫的，不慌不忙的”。

注意这个词的词尾ly，会被误认为是副词，其实该词既可作副词，也可作形容词。

知识模块：词汇理解
9．【C9】
正确答案：F
解析：此处需填形容词。

词库中能修饰work的最佳形容词是routine。

routine work意为“例行公事，常规工作”。

知识模块：词汇理解
10．【C10】
正确答案：I
解析：此处需要及物动词的现在分词形式，作tasks的后置定语。

more energy or concentration是完成任务所要有的，因此requiring正确。

知识模块：词汇理解
Crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society. Tears, be they of sorrow, anger, or joy, typically make Americans feel uncomfortable and【C1】______. The shedder of tears is likely to apologize, even when a devastating (毁灭性的) tragedy was the provocation. The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an end to the【C2】______outpouring. But judging from recent studies of crying behavior, links between illness and crying and the chemical composition of tears, both those responses to tears are often【C3】______and may even be counterproductive (使达不到预期目标的). Humans are the only animals【C4】______known to shed emotional tears. Since evolution has given【C5】______to few, if any, purposeless physiological responses, it is logical to assume that crying has one or more functions that【C6】______survival. Although some observers have suggested that crying is a way to elicit assistance from others (as a crying baby might from its mother), the shedding of tears is hardly necessary to get help. V ocal cries would have been quite enough, more likely than tears to gain【C7】______. So, it appears, there must be something special about tears themselves. Indeed, the new studies suggest that emotional tears may play a direct role in alleviating stress. University of Minnesota researchers who are studying the chemical composition of tears have recently【C8】______two important chemicals from emotional tears. Both chemicals are found only in tears that are shed in response to emotion. Tears shed because of exposure to cut onion would contain no such【C9】______. Researchers at several other institutions are investigating the usefulness of tears as a means of【C10】______human ills and monitoring drugs. A. attention B. overwhelming C. inappropriate D. embarrassed E. diagnosing F. indispensable G. rise H. isolated I. definitely J. enhance K. aspiration L. emotional M. repelled N. substance O. increasingly
11．【C1】
正确答案：D
解析：此处需要一个表示感受的贬义形容词，在纯形容词中无合适词汇，只能考虑分词，embarrassed与feel可以搭配使用，并与uncomfortable语义一致。

知识模块：词汇理解
12．【C2】
正确答案：L
解析：此处需要一个形容词限定outpouring，tears是情绪的宣泄手段，故选emotional。

知识模块：词汇理解
13．【C3】
正确答案：C
解析：此处需要一个贬义形容词修饰responses，inappropriate“不适当的”与后面的counter productive“使达不到预期目标的”语义并列。

知识模块：词汇理解
14．【C4】
正确答案：I
解析：此处需要一个副词修饰known，definitely“明确地”符合句意。

知识模块：词汇理解
15．【C5】
正确答案：G
解析：give rise to为固定短语，意为“引起”。

知识模块：词汇理解
16．【C6】
正确答案：J
解析：此处需要一个动词，用原形，enhance“提高，增强”符合句意。

知识模块：词汇理解
17．【C7】
正确答案：A
解析：此处需要一个名词与gain搭配，且语义结构与前文的get help一致，故选attention。

知识模块：词汇理解
18．【C8】
正确答案：H
解析：此处需要一个动词，用过去分词形式，且能够与from搭配，isolated “使隔离，使孤立”符合句意。

知识模块：词汇理解
19．【C9】
正确答案：N
解析：此处需要一个与chemicals同义的名词，故选substance“物质”。

知识模块：词汇理解
20．【C10】
正确答案：E
解析：此处需要一个动名词，下文的ill和drug决定了选diagnosing“诊断”。

知识模块：词汇理解
The Internet is an international collection of computer networks that all understand a standard system of addresses and commands, connected together through backbone (中枢) systems. It was started in 1969, when the U.S. Department of Defense【C1】______a nationwide network to connect a handful of universities and contractors (订约人). The【C2】______idea was to increase computing capacity that could be shared by users in many locations and to find out what it would take for computer networks to【C3】______a nuclear war or other disasters by providing multiple paths between users. People on the ARPNET (as this nationwide network was originally called) quickly discovered that they could exchange messages and conduct electronic “conferences”with distant colleagues for【C4】______that had nothing to do with the military industrial complex. If somebody else had something interesting【C5】______on their computer, it was a simple matter to obtain a copy (assuming the owner did not protect it). Over the years, additional networks joined which added【C6】______to more and more computers. The first international connections, to Norway and England, were added in 1973. Today thousands of networks and millions of computers are connected to the Internet. It is growing so quickly that nobody can say【C7】______how many users “on the Net”. The Internet is the largest repository (知识库) of information which can provide very large network resources. The network resources can be【C8】______into network facilities resources and network information resources. The network facilities resources provide us the ability of【C9】______computation and communication. The network information resources provides us all kinds of information【C10】______, such as science, education, business, history, law, art, and entertainment, etc. A. access B. original C. divided D. survive E. debates F. established G. purposes H. genuine I. exactly J. remote K. possibility L. stored M. totally N. services O. maintain
21．【C1】
正确答案：F
解析：此处需要及物动词的过去式，作谓语。

该句的主语是the U．S．Department of Defense，宾语是network，由此可以推断出答案为established(建立)。

知识模块：词汇理解
22．【C2】
正确答案：B
解析：此处需填形容词，修饰idea。

上一句提到因特网始于1969年，接着该句描述了当初建立网络的目的，因此可知original正确。

知识模块：词汇理解
23．【C3】
正确答案：D
解析：此处需填入及物动词，且为原形。

本句仍为当初建立网络的目的，而根据其宾语a nuclear war or other disasters，可选出survive，意为“幸存，幸免于”。

知识模块：词汇理解
24．【C4】
正确答案：G
解析：此处需名词。

根据其后的that定语从句知道描述的正是最初建立网络的“目的”，因此应该很容易就确定purposes最为合适。

知识模块：词汇理解
25．【C5】
正确答案：L
解析：此处需动词过去分词，构成have sth．done结构。

根据下文的obtain a copy，可知something interesting是在计算机里面的，由此可知stored正确。

知识模块：词汇理解
26．【C6】
正确答案：A
解析：此处需填名词。

根据上文的additional networks joined，可以推测网络使越来越多的计算机连接在一起，因此access符合这一要求。

知识模块：词汇理解
27．【C7】
正确答案：I
解析：此处需要副词。

根据so quickly和how many可得出答案为exactly(准确地)。

知识模块：词汇理解
28．【C8】
正确答案：C
解析：此处需填动词的过去分词，构成被动语态，且能与into搭配。

根据上下文句意，即可推测该词为“分开”之义，所以答案为divided。

divide into意为“分成”。

知识模块：词汇理解
29．【C9】
正确答案：J
解析：此处需形容词，修饰computation and communication。

前文第一段已提到人们可以通过网络与远处的同事互换信息及进行电子“会议”，所以该形容词应与距离有关，因此remote最合适，意思是“远程的”。

知识模块：词汇理解
30．【C10】
正确答案：N
解析：此处需填名词。

由下文such as后的列举的科学、教育、商业等，可知services正确。

information services意为“信息服务”。

知识模块：词汇理解。