2014年春八年级下册unit8知识点-详解
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?
Section A
1。
Have you read Little Woman yet?你读过《小妇人》这本书吗?
【解析】现在完成时
现在完成时的基本句型:
肯定式:主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词。
疑问式:助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词?
否定式:主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词
某人怎么样?What's +人+like? 用来提问人的性格
What do / does +人+ look like?用来提问人的外表。
【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔】- What does Anna look like?
— _________。
A。
She’s kind B. She’s tall C。
She likes skating
3。
Oliver Twist is about a boy who went out to sea and found an Island full of treasures。
《雾都孤儿》讲的是一个小男孩出海并发现了一个满是珠宝的小岛
的故事。
【解析】full of 充满
be full of = be filled with 充满
【2013山东莱芜】If you read a lot,your life will be full ___ pleasure.
A. by
B. of C 。
for D。
with
4. It’s about four sisters growing up.它讲述的是四个姐妹的成长故事.
【解析】grow up 长大;成长I grew up in Beijing.
grow into 长大成为Mary grew into a beautiful girl。
.
(3)在英语中,不定代词有:
something anything everything
everyone everybody someone
anyone somebody anybody
no one nothing nobody Would you like ___________ (吃的东西)?
【2013北京4】—--Tom, supper is ready。
-—--I don’t want to eat____________ ,Mum。
I’m not feeling well.
A。
everything B. nothing C. something D. anything
【2013莱芜3】A smile costs ________, but gives so much.
A。
something B。
anything C. nothing D .everything 8。
I’ve brough t back many things I can use -food and drink ,tools , knives and guns。
我带回许多我能用的东西——食物、饮料、工具、刀和枪、
【解析】bring 带来
【辨析】fetch/ bring/ take
(1)fetch v 去拿来=get 去(某地)拿来(讲话者处)
(2)bring (brought, brought)v 带来从(某地)拿到(讲话者处)bring up 养育,养大
bring sb. sth = bring sth to sb. 给某人带某物
(3) take v 带来从(讲话者)拿走
take →took →taken
【短语】take care 小心take charge of 负责,看管
take hold of 握住take off 脱下take out 取出
take a look 看一看take away 拿走take exercise 做运动
take it easy 不紧张take one's time 从容不迫
( )①—Oh ,I’ve left my schoolbag in the classroom。
— Don't worry。
I’ll ___it for you。
A。
bring B。
get C。
carry D。
take
()②The teacher told the students ____ any food into the classroom .
A。
not to bring B. not bring C. don’t bring D。
to bring not
( )③—Don’t forget ____ your history and politics books tomorrow morning.
A. bring
B. to bring C。
bringing
【2013湖北荆州】— Sam, my iPhone is in my bedroom。
Could you ___ it for me?
— No problem。
A. bring
B. fetch C。
take D. carry 【2013浙江】—I’ve left my keys in the meeting room. Please ___them for me.
—All right.
A。
buy B。
paint C。
wash D。
fetch
【2013黑龙江】-I’m sorry,Mr Li。
I ______ my English homework at home。
-Don’t forget ____ it to school tomorrow。
A. left,to bring
B. forgot,to take C。
lost,to bring
9.Who else is on my island?是谁在我的岛上?
【解析】else 其他的;别的
【辨析】other /else
(1)other adj。
“别的;其他的”修饰n。
放名词前作定语.
On the other hand “另一方面”
(2)else adj。
“别的;其他的”放疑问词或不定代词之后。
①。
What _____ do you want to say?
②. What ______ thing do you want?
A. other B。
others C。
else D。
till
③. There is _______in his home。
A. other nothing B。
nothing other C. else nothing D。
nothing else 【2013娄底2】9. —What did you do last night?
—I _________TV and read books。
A。
watch B. watched C. have watched
12. One of them died but the other ran towards my house.
他们中的一个人死了,另一个朝我的房子这边跑过来了。
A。
other B. another C. the other D. others[来源:学科网]
【解析2】towards prep. 朝;向;对着(移向某处,只表方向)
go/ walk towards 。
“ 走向。
...。
”
该句型常用于征求对方的意见。
肯定回答常用“Yes,please。
”,
否定回答常用“No,thanks。
”
需要特别注意的是,在该句型中要用some,而不用any,以表示说话人希望得到肯定回答。
——Would you like some apples?你想要一些苹果吗?
-—Yes,please. 是的,我想要。
—-No,thanks。
不,谢谢。
2. Would you like to do sth ? 你愿意去做……吗?
该句型表示向对方有礼貌地提出建议或发出邀请,其中like可用love替换。
——Would you like/ love to play football with me?你想要和我一起踢足球吗?-—Yes, I’d like / love to。
是的,我非常愿意。
——I’d like/ love to. But I'm too busy.我非常愿意,但我太忙了。
3. Would like to do sth. 想要做某事;
Would like sb。
to do sth。
想要某人去做某事。
He would like to go out for a walk。
他想要出去散步.
Our parents would like us to study well.我们的父母想要我们好好学习.
【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔3】.-Would you like some dumplings for lunch?
- ________。
It has attracted lots of TV audiences。
A. Enjoy yourself B。
Many thanks
C。
Pretty good D. It’s hard to say
【拓展】think of / think about / think over辨析:
(1)think of, 固定短语,表示“提到(某人、某物、某事或某主意等),考虑,思考,对….有某种看法”,后接名词,代词、动词-ing形式。
——— What do you think of your Chinese teacher?
--— I like her very much。
(2) think of 表示“思考,考虑,对…。
有某种看法”时,可以与think about
互换。
What do you think of the movie? = What do you think about the
movie?
(3)think of 表示“相出,想着,想起"时,不可用think about 代替.
I always think of my childhood.
(4) think over意为“仔细考虑,认真考虑",强调思考的程度比think of/ about深。
相当于think about…。
. carefully。
其中over是副词,
宾语若是名词,则可位于over之前或之后;当宾语是代词时,则
【解析2】return = come / go back返回
= give sth back 归还
returen .。
to 。
.. 把。
.。
...归还给.。
.。
Don’t forget to return it to the library.
【解析3】on the radio 在收音机里;通过无线广播
介词on 表示“以.。
.。
方式”
on the Internet 通过因特网;在网上
on the telephone 通过电话
on TV 通过电视
3.She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.
她开始意识到事实上她是多么想念他们.
【解析】actually 真实地,事实上
actually 和in fact 用法的区别
actually adv。
①(无比较级、最高级)实际上,事实上,实际
He looks unpleasant, but actually he is very kind。
他看起来板着面孔,但事实上很和蔼。
in fact 相当于really, truly
for example“例如”,一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例,作插入语,用逗号隔开,可置于句首、句中或句末。
【析】for example意为用来举例说明,有时可作为独立语,插在句中,
不影响句子其他部分的语法关系。
He,for example,is a good student. 例如,他就是个好学生。
such as“例如”,用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子.
【析】s uch as用来列举事物,插在被列举事物与前面的名词之间,
as 后不可以有逗号,可以与and so on 连用。
Boys such as John and James are very friendly。
像约翰和詹姆斯这样的男孩都很友好。
【解析3】success 成功
succeed v成功,达到→success n成功
→successful adj成功的
→successfully adv成功地
◆succeed in doing sth
make a success 取得成功
( )She works very hard ,so she will ____ in ____ the exam.
A. successful; pass B。
success ;passing
C。
succeed; passing D。
successful; passing
what kind of …。
的种类(用来询问事物的类别)
( ) - _____ rice would you like?— Small , please。
A。
What kind of B。
What size
C. What size of
D. What size bowl of
7。
He's sold more than 120 million records. 他的唱片销量已经超过1.2亿张。
【解析】million 一百万
hundred n 百hundreds of 数以百的
thousand n 千thousands of成千上万的
million n 百万millions of成百万的
【注】:(1)当million 前面有具体的数字时,用单数形式
(2)当million 后与of 连用时用复数形式,
millions of 是数百万的意思,前面不能加数词
【口诀】:具体的不加s 也不加of,不具体的加s 也加of
【记】Three million workers have planted millions of trees
【四川广元】—Guang’an is a beautiful city, isn’t it?
— Yes, There are about two ______ visitors here every week。
A。
thousands of B。
thousands C. thousand
I hope to see you soon.
②I wish I (be)back home,I don’t like this place.
【解析2】live 现场直播的;实况直播的
I hope to see the Olypic Games live in 2016!
我希望2016年能到现场去看奥运会。
9.The number of records he has sold。
他已售出唱片的数量。
【解析】the number of
⑴the number of 表示“……的数目”,后跟名词复数或代词,
其后的谓语动词用单数.
⑵a number of 表示“大量的,许多”,后跟复数名词,其后谓语动词用复数。
() — A number of students ____ in the dinning hall.
—Let me count。
The number of the students _____ about 400。
A. are ; is
B. is ;are C。
are; are
【2011四川达州】25.—How many______ teachers are there in your school?
—_____ them _____ over two hundred.
A. woman; The number of; is
B. women; The number of;is
C. woman; A number of; is
D. women;A number of;are 【2013贵州安顺1】In our school library there ___ a number of books on science, and in these years the number of them ___ growing larger and larger。
A。
are;is B.is; are C.have; are D.has; is
10. Where is she from?她来自哪里?
【解析】be from =come from 来自
She is from France=She comes from France.
【注】be from 构成否定句时,在be 后加not;构成疑问句时,将be 提起。
come from 构成否定句或疑问句时,要借助助动词do或does.
(1)Her pen pal is from China.=Her pen pal _________China。
(2) My classmate is not from China。
=My classmate___________China。
( )Li Yan is my friend。
She comes ____ a small village。
A.on B。
with C.of D.from
11。
Have you introduced this singer/ writer to other?
你给其他人介绍过这个歌手/作家吗?
【解析】introduce v 介绍;引进
(1) introduce oneself to sb。
向某人作自我介绍
Let me introduce myself to you.
(2)introduce A to B.把A介绍给B
May I introduce my friend Jim to you?
(3)introduce into 引进
( ) —Hello ,everyone! —Please let me ______.
A。
introduce my name B。
introduce myself
C。
to introduce myself D。
introduce to myself
12. At the end of the day,the bus brought us back to our school.
傍晚的时候,公共汽车带我们回到了我们的学校。
【解析】(1) in the end =at last =finally 最后,终于
(2) at the end of 在….的结尾
(反)at the beginning of 在……开始
【既可用来表示时间,也可以用来表示地点】
at the end of the speech 在演讲结束时
at the end of the road 在路的尽头
(3).by the end of 在….。
结束时,常与过去完成时连用(had+过去分词)
①My father agreed with me ________(最后),and bought me a little dog。
( )②I tried many times,______ I succeeded。
A. on the end B。
in the end C。
by the end D. at the end 单元短语:
一、重点短语
1. on page 25 在第2 5 页
2. the back of the book 书的背面
3。
hurry up 赶快;匆忙
4. in two weeks 在两周之内
5. go out to sea 出海
6。
an island full of treasures
一个满是宝藏的岛屿
7. w rite about 写作关于……的内容
8. finish doing sth。
做完某事
9. wait for another ship
等待另一艘船到来
10. learn to do sth. 学会做某事
11. grow fruits and vegetables
种水果和蔬菜
12. a few weeks ago 几个星期前
13. the m arks of another m an's feet
另一个人的脚印
14. not long after that 不久之后
15。
run towards sp。
跑向某地
16. use。
. to do sth。
用……来做某事
17. signs le ft behind by someone
某人留下的标记
18。
read the newspaper 看报
19。
science fiction 科幻小说
20. can’ t wait to do sth.
迫不及待地做某事
21。
a good way to wake up
醒来的一个好办法
22. number of people 人数
23. used to do sth。
(过去)常常做某事
24. study abroad 在国外学习
25. make sb. do sth。
使某人做某事26。
come to realize 开始意识到
27. ever since then 自从那时起
28. the southern states of America
美国的南部地区
29。
belong to 属于
30. be kind to each other 善待彼此
31。
trust one another 互相信任
32。
the beauty of nature 大自然的美33. have been to sp. 去过某地
34。
do some research on sth。
对……做研究
35. hope to do sth. 希望做某事
36. see sb。
do sth。
看到某人做某事
37. the firs t line in the song
歌曲的第一行
38。
enjoy success in享受……的成功
39. at the end of the day傍晚的时候
二、重点句型
1. Have you. • 。
yet?
- Have you read l ittle Women yet?
你读过《小妇人》吗?
— Yes,I have. /N o , I haven’ t。
是的,我读过。
/ 不,我没有。
2. Has.。
. yet?
- Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?
蒂娜读过《金银岛》这本书吗? —Yes,she has. She thinks i t ’ s fantastic。
是的,她读过.她觉得它很棒。
3. Would you like .。
. ?
Would you like something to drink? 你要来点喝的吗?
4. I heard.。
.
I heard you lost your key。
我听说你丢钥匙了。
5. . 。
came to realize how much.。
.
She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them。
她开始意识到,事实上她是多么想念他们所有的人.
语法难点
现在完成时:
1。
概念:
过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语:
recently,lately, since…for…,in the past few years,already ,yet ,never ,ever,just, before,so far ,once, twice etc。
3.基本结构:have/has + done
4。
否定形式:have/has + not +done.
5。
一般疑问句:把have或has放于句首。
6.反义疑问句:直接用has /have 进行反问
7.与时间段连用时,短暂性动词应改为相应的延续性动词。
go out——--be out finish—----be over leave ----be away from buy ———-have
borrow /lend --——-keep open -—-be open close---be closed die———dead
start/begin --——be on join—--be in /be a member of /be a soldier become –be
make friend ---be friend get up —--be up fall asleep ——-be asleep
catch a cold – have a cold reach/get/arrive-—-stay/be。