英语专业八级考试全真试题(2)
英语专业八级考试试题及答案（2）
英语专业八级考试试题及答案（2）英语专业八级考试试题及答案(2)SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.6. Scientists in Brazil have used frog skin toA. eliminate bacteria.B. treat burns.C. Speed up recovery.D. reduce treatment cost.Question 7 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.7. What is NOT a feature of the new karaoke machine?A. It is featured by high technology.B. It allows you to imitate famous singers.C. It can automatically alter the tempo and tone of a song.D. It can be placed in specially designed theme rooms.Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the newsitem, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.8. China’s Internet users had reached _________ by the end of June.A. 68 millionB. 8.9 millionC. 10 millionD. 1.5 millionQuestion 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.9. According to the WTO, Chinese exports rose _________ last year.A. 21%B. 10%C. 22%D. 4.7310. According to the news, which trading nation in the top10 has reported a 5 per cent fall in exports?A. The UK.B. The US.C. Japan.D. Germany.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)TEXT AI remember meeting him one evening with his pushcart. I had managed to sell all my papers and was coming home in the snow. It was that strange hour in downtown New York when the workers were pouring homeward in the twilight. I marched among thousands of tired men and women whom the factory whistles had unyoked. They flowed in rivers through the clothing factory districts, then down along the avenues to the East Side.I met my father near Cooper Union. I recognized him, a hunched, frozen figure in an old overcoat standing by a banana cart. He looked so lonely, the tears came to my eyes. Then he sawme, and his face lit with his sad, beautiful smile -Charlie Chaplin’s smile.“Arch, it’s Mikey,” he said. “So you have sold your papers! Come and eat a banana.”He offered me one. I refused it. I felt it crucial that my father sell his bananas, not give them away. He thought I was shy, and coaxed and joked with me, and made me eat the banana. It smelled of wet straw and snow.“You haven’t sold many bananas today, pop,” I said an xiously.He shrugged his shoulders.“What can I do? No one seems to want them.”It was true. The work crowds pushed home morosely over the pavements. The rusty sky darkened over New York building, the tallstreet lamps were lit, innumerable trucks, street cars and elevated trains clattered by. Nobody and nothing in the great city stopped for my father’s bananas.“I ought to yell,” said my father dolefully. “I ought to make a big noise like other peddlers, but it makes my throat sore. Anyway, I’m ashamed of yelling, it makes me feel like a fool. “I had eaten one of his bananas. My sick conscience told me that I ought to pay for it somehow. I must remain here and help my father.“I’ll yell for you, pop,” I volunteered.“Arch, no,” he said, “go home; you have worked enough today. Just tell momma I’ll be late.”But I yelled and yelled. My father, standing by, spoke occasional words of praise, and said I was a wonderful yeller. Nobody else paid attention. The workers drifted past us wearily,endlessly; a defeated army wrapped in dreams of home. Elevated trains crashed; the Cooper Union clock burned above us; the sky grew black, the wind poured, the slush burned through our shoes. There were thousands of strange, silent figures pouring over the sidewalks in snow. None of them stopped to buy bananas. I yelled and yelled, nobody listened.My father tried to stop me at last. “Nu,” he said smiling to console me, “that was wonderful yelling. Mikey. But it’s plain we are unlucky today! Let’s go home.”I was frantic, and almost in tears. I insisted on keeping up my desperate yells. But at last my father persuaded me to leave with him.11. “unyoked” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning toA. sent outB. releasedC. dispatchedD. removed12. Which of the following in the first paragraph does NOT indicated crowds of people?A.Thousands ofB. FlowedC. PouringD. Unyoked13. Which of the following is intended to be a pair of contrast in the passage?A. Huge crowds and lonely individuals.B. Weather conditions and street lamps.C. Clattering trains and peddlers’ yells.D. Moving crowds and street traffic.14. Which of the following words is NOT suitable to describe the character of the son?A. CompassionateB. ResponsibleC. ShyD. Determined15. What is the theme of the story?A. The misery of the factory workers.B. How to survive in a harsh environment.C. Generation gap between the father and the son.D. Love between the father and the son.16. What is the author’s attitude towards the father and the son?A. IndifferentB. SympatheticC. AppreciativeD. Difficult to tell。
英语专业八考试全真试卷
2001年英语专业八级考试全真试卷改错Part Ⅱ Proofreading and Error Correction (15 min)The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unnecessary word cross out the unnecessary word with a slash “/’ and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.ExampleWhen∧art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) an it never／buys things in finished form and hangs (2) never them on the wall. When a natural history museum wants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitDuring the early years of this century, wheat was seen as thevery lifeblood of Western Canada. People on city streets watchedthe yields and the price of wheat in almost as much feeling as if 1.___they were growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasing 2.___favorite topic of conversation.War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketingthe western crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative grainselling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange.Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn, so farmers could 3.___not wait for markets to improve. It had happened too often thatthey sold their wheat soon shortly after harvest when farm debts 4.___were coming due, just to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. 5.___On various occasions, producer groups, asked firmer control, 6.___but the government had no wish to become involving, at 7.___least not until wartime when wheat prices threatened to runwild.Anxious to check inflation and rising life costs, the federal 8.___government appointed a board of grain supervisors to deal withdeliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Exchangetrading was suspended, and farmers sold at prices fixed by theboard. To handle with the crop of 1919, the government 9.___appointed the first Canadian Wheat Board, with total authority to 10.___buy, sell, and set prices.阅读理解APart Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 min)SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION (30 min)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of fifteen multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark answers on your Coloured Answer Sheet.TEXT A“Twenty years ago, Blackpool turned its back on the sea and tried to make itself into an entertainment centre” say Robin Wood, a local official. “Now t he thinking is that we should try, to refocus on the sea and make Blackpool a fami ly destination again.” To say that Blackpool neglected the sea is to put it mil d ly. In 1976 the European Community, as it then was called, instructed member nations to make their beaches conform to certain minimum standards of cleanliness wi thin ten years. Britain, rather than complying, took the novel strategy of conte nding that many of its most popular beaches were not swimming beach es at all. Be cause of Britain’s climate the sea-bathing season is short, and most people don’t go in above their knees anyway-and hence can’t really be said to be swimming. By averaging out the number of people actually swimming across 365 days of the y ear, the government was able to persuade itself, if no one else, that Britain ha d hardly any real swimming beaches.As one environmentalist put it to me: “You had the ludicrous situation in w hich Luxembourg had mere listed public bathing beaches than the whole of the Uni ted Kingdom. It was preposterous.”Meanwhile, Blackpool continued to discharge raw sewage straight into the sea. Finally after much pressure from both environmental groups and the European Union, the local water authority built a new waste-treatment facility for the whole of Blackpool and neighbouring communities. The facility came online in June 1996. For the first time since the industrial revolution Blackpool’s waters are safe to swim in.That done, the town is now turning its attention to making the sea-front me re visually attractive. The promenade, once a rather elegant place to stroll, ha d become increasingly tatty and neglected. “It was built in Victorian times and needed a thorough overhaul anyway,”says Wood,“so we decided to make aesthetic improvements at the same time, to try to draw people back to it.” Blackpool recently spent about $1.4 million building new kiosks for vendors and improving seating around the Central Pier and plans to spend a further $ 15 million on various amenity projects.The most striking thing about Blackpool these days compared with 20 years a go is how empty its beaches are. When the tide is out, Blackpool’s beaches are a vast plain of beckoning sand. They look spacious enough to accommodate comfortably the entire populace of northern England. Ken Welsby remembers days when, as he puts it,“ you couldn’t lay down a handkerchief on this beach, it was that crowded.”Welsby comes from Preston, 20 miles down the road, and has been visiting Blackpool all his life. Now retired, he had come for the day with his wife, Kitty, and their three young grandchildren who were gravely absorbed in building a sandcastle. “Two hundred thousand people they’d have on this beach sometimes.” Welsby said. “You can’t imagine it now, can you?”Indeed I could not. Though it was a bright sunny day in the middle of summer. I counted just 13 people scattered along a half mile or so of open sand. Except for those rare times when hot weather and a public holiday coincide, it is like this nearly always now.“You can’t imagine how exciting it was to come here for the day when we were young.” Kitty said. “Even from Preston, it was a big treat. Now children don’t want the beach. They want arcadegame s and rides in helicopters and goodness knows what else.” She stared out over the glittery water. “We’ll never see those days again. It’s sad really.”“But your grandchildren seem to be enjoying it,” I pointed out.“For the moment, ” Ken said. “For the moment.”Afterward I went for a long walk along the empty beach, then went back to the town centre and treated myself to a large portion of fish-and-chips wrapped in paper. The way they cook it in Blackpool, it isn’t so much a meal as an inv itation to a heart attack, but it was delicious. Far out over the sea the sun was setting with such splendor that I would almost have sworn I could hear the water hiss where it touched.Behind me the lights of Blackpool Tower were just twinkling on, and the streets were beginning to fill with happy evening throngs. In the purply light of dusk the town looked peaceful and happy — enchanting even — and there was an engaging air of expectancy, of fun about to happen. Somewhat to my surprise, I realized that this place was beginning to grow on me.16. At the beginning, the passage seems to suggest that Blackpool ___.A. will continue to remain as an entertainment centreB. complied with EC’s standards of clearlinessC. had no swimming beaches all alongD. is planning to revive its former attraction17. We can learn from the passage that Blackpool used to ___.A. have as many beaches as LuxumbourgB. have seriously polluted drinking waterC. boast some imposing seafront sightsD. attract few domestic holiday makers18. What Blackpool’s beaches strike visitors most is their ___.A. emptinessB. cleanlinessC. modernityD. monotonyTEXT BPundits who want to sound judicious are fond of warning against generalizing. Each country is different, they say, and no one story fits all of Asia. This is, of course, silly: all of these economies plunged into economic crisis within a few months of each other, so they must have had something in common.In fact, the logic of catastrophe was pretty much the same in Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and South Korea. (Japan is a very different story. ) In each ca se investors——mainly, but not entirely, foreign banks who had made short-term loans——all tried to pull their money out at the same time. The result was a combined banking and currency crisis: a banking crisis because no bank can convert all its assets into cash on short notice; a currency crisis because panicked investors were trying not only to convert long-term assets into cash, but to convert baht or rupiah into dollars. In the face of the stampede, governments had no good options. If they let their currencies plunge inflation would soar and companies that had borrowed in dollars would go bankrupt; if they tried to support their currencies by pushing up interest rates, the same firms would probably go bust from the combination of debt burden and recession. In practice, countries’s plit the difference——and paid a heavy price regardless.Was the crisis a punishment for bad economic management? Like most cliches, the catchphrase“ crony capitalism” has prospered because it gets at something real: excessively cozyrelationships between government and business really did lead to a lot of bad investments. The still primitive financial structure of Asia n business also made the economies peculiarly vulnerable to a loss of confidence . But the punishment was surely disproportionate to the crime, and many investments that look foolish in retrospect seemed sensible at the time.Given that there were no good policy options, was the policy response mainly on the fight track? There was frantic blame-shifting when everything in Asia seemed to be going wrong: now there is a race to claim credit when some things have started to go right. The international Monetary Fund points to Korea’s recovery——and more generally to the fact that the sky didn’t fall after all ——as proof that its policy recommendations were right. Never mind that other IMF clients have done far worse, and that the economy of Malaysia ——which refused IM F help, and horrified respectable opinion by imposing capital controls ——also seems to be on the mend. Malaysia’s prime Minister, by contrast, claims full credit for any good news——even though neighbouring economies also seem to have bottomed out.The truth is that an observer without any ax to grind would probably conclude that none of the policies adopted either on or in defiance of the IMF’s advice made much difference either way. Budget policies, interest rate policies, ban king reform —— whatever countries tried, just about all the capital that could flee, did. And when there was no mere money to run, the natural recuperative powers of the economies finally began to prevail. At best, the money doctors who purported to offer cures provided a helpful bedside manner; at worst, they were like medieval physicians who prescribed bleeding as a remedy for all ills.Will the patients stage a full recovery? It depends on exactly what you me an by “full”. South K orea’s industrial production is already above its pre-crisis level; but in the spring of 1997 anyone who had predicted zero growth in Korea n industry over the next two years would have been regarded as a reckless doomsayer. So if by recovery you mean not just a return to growth, but one that brings the region’s performance back to something like what people used to regard as the Asian norm, they have a long way to go.19. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the writer’s opinion?A. Countries paid a heavy price for whichever measure taken.B. Countries all found themselves in an economic dilemma.C. Withdrawal of foreign capital resulted in the crisis.D. Most governments chose one of the two options.20. The writer thinks that those Asian countries ___.A. well deserved the punishmentB. invested in a senseless way at the timeC. were unduly punished in the crisisD. had bad relationships between government and business21. It can be inferred from the passage that IMF policy recommendations ___.A. were far from a panacea in all casesB. were feasible in their recipient countriesC. failed to work in their recipient countriesD. were rejected unanimously by Asian countries22. At the end of the passage, the writer seems to think that a full recovery of the Asian economy is ___.A. dueB. remoteC. imaginativeD. unpredictableTEXT CHuman migration: the term is vague. What people usually think of is the permanent movement of people from one home to another. More broadly, though, migration means all the ways——from the seasonal drift of agricultural workers within a country to the relocation of refugees from one country to another.Migration is big, dangerous, compelling. It is 60 million Europeans leaving home from the 16th to the 20th centuries. It is some 15 million Hindus, Skihs, and Muslims swept up in a tumultuous shuffle of citizens between India and Pakis tan after the partition of the subcontinent in 1947.Migration is the dynamic undertow of population change: everyone’s solution , everyone’s conflict. As the century turns, migration, with its inevitable economic and political turmoil, has been called“ one of the greatest challenges of the coming century.”But it is much more than that. It is, as has always been, the great adventure of human life. Migration helped create humans, drove us to conquer the planet, shaped our societies, and promises to reshape them again.“You have a history book written in your genes, ”said Spencer Wells. The book he’s trying to read goes back to long before even the first word was written , and it is a story of migration.Wells, a tall, blond geneticist at Stanford University, spent the summer of 1998 exploring remote parts of Transcaucasia and Central Asia with three colleagues in a Land Rover, looking for drops of blood. In the blood, donated by the people he met, he will search for the story that genetic markers can tell of the long paths human life has taken across the Earth. Genetic studies are the latest technique in a long effort of modern humans t o find out where they have come from. But however the paths are traced, the basic story is simple: people have been moving since they were people. If early humans hadn’t moved and intermingled as much as they did, they probably would have continued to evolve into different species. From beginnings in Africa, most researchers agree, groups of hunter-gatherers spread out, driven to the ends of the Earth.To demographer Kingsley Davis, two things made migration happen. First, hum an beings, with their tools and language, could adapt to different conditions without having to wait for evolution to make them suitable for a new niche. Second, as populations grew, cultures began to differ, and inequalities developed between groups. The first factor gave us the keys to the door of any room on the planet; the other gave us reasons to use them.Over the centuries, as agriculture spread across the planet, people moved toward places where metal was found and worked and to centres of commerce that then became cities. Those places were, in turn, invaded and overrun by people later generations called barbarians.In between these storm surges were steadier but similarly profound fides in which people moved out to colonize or were captured and brought in as slaves. For a while the population of Athens, that city of legendary enlightenment was as much as 35 percent slaves.“What strikes me is how im portant migration is as a cause and effect in the great world events.”Mark Miller, co-author of The Age of Migration and a professor of political science at the University of Delaware, told me recently.It is difficult to think of any great events that did not involve migration. Religions spawned pilgrims or settlers; wars drove refugees before them and ma de new land available for the conquerors; political upheavals displaced thousands or millions; economic innovations drew workers and entrepreneurs like magnets; environmental disasters like famine or disease pushedtheir bedraggled survivor s anywhere they could replant hope. “It’s part of our nature, this movement,” Miller said, “It’s just a fact of the human condition.”23. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Migration exerts a great impact on population change.B. Migration contributes to Mankind’s progress.C. Migration brings about desirable and undesirable effects.D. Migration may not be accompanied by human conflicts.24. According to Kingsley Davis, migration occurs as a result of the foll owing reasons EXCEPF ___.A. human adaptabilityB. human evolutionC. cultural differencesD. inter-group inequalities25. Which of the following groups is NOT mentioned as migrants in the pas sage?A. Farmers.B. Workers.C. Settlers.D. Colon izers.26. There seems to be a(n) ___ relationship between great events an d migration.A. looseB. indefiniteC. causalD. rem oteTEXT DHow is communication actually achieved? It depends, of course, either on a common language or on known conventions, or at least on the beginnings of these. If the common language and the conventions exist, the contributor, for example, the creative artist, the performer, or the reporter, tries to use them as well as he can. But often, especially with original artists and thinkers, the problem is in one way that of creating a language, or creating a convention, or at least of developing the language and conventions to the point where they are capable of bearing his precise meaning. In literature, in music, in the visual arts, in the sciences, in social thinking, in philosophy, this kind of development has occurred again and again. It often takes a long time to get through, and for many people it will remain difficult. But we need never think that it is impossible; creative energy is much more powerful than we sometimes suppose. While a man is engaged in this struggle to say new things in new ways, he is usually more than ever concentrated on the actual work, and not on its possible audience. Many artists and scientists share this fundamental unconcern about the ways in which their work will be received. They may be glad if it is understood and appreciated, hurt if it is not, but while the work is being done there can be no argument. T he thing has to come out as the man himself sees it.In this sense it is true that it is the duty of society to create condition s in which such men can live. For whatever the value of any individual contribution, the general body of work is of immense value to everyone. But of course things are not so formal, in reality. There is not society on the one hand and these individuals on the other. In ordinary living, and in his work, the contributor shares in the life of his society, which often affects him both in minor ways and in ways sometimes so deep that he is not even aware of them. His ability to make his work public depends on the actual communication system: the language its elf, or certain visual or musical or scientific conventions, and the institution s through which the communication will be passed. The effect of these on his actual work can be almost infinitely variable. For it is not only a communication system outside him; it is also, however original he may be, a communication system which is in fact part of himself. Many contributors make active use of this kind of internal communication system. It is to themselves, in a way, that they first show their conceptions, playtheir music, present their arguments. Not only as a way of getting these clear, in the process of almost endless testing that active composition involves. But also, whether consciously or not, as a way of putting the experience into a communicable form. If one mind has grasped it, then it may be open to other minds.In this deep sense, the society is in some ways already present in the act of composition. This is always very difficult to understand, but often, when we have the advantage of looking back at a period, we can see, even if we cannot explain, how this was so. We can see how much even highly original individuals ha d in common, in their actual work, and in what is called their “structure of feeling”, with o ther individual workers of the time, and with the society of that time to which they belonged. The historian is also continually struck by the fact that men of this kind felt isolated at the very time when in reality they were beginning to get through. This can also be noticed in our own time, when some of the most deeply influential men feel isolated and even rejected. The society and the communication are there, but it is difficult to recognize them, difficult to be sure.27. Creative artists and thinkers achieve communication by ___.A. depending on shared conventionsB. fashioning their own conventionsC. adjusting their personal feelingsD. elaborating a common language28. A common characteristic of artists and scientists involved in creativ e work is that ___.A. they cave about the possible reaction to their workB. public response is one of the primary conceitsC. they are keenly aware of public interest in their workD. they are indifferent toward response to their work29. According to the passage, which of the following statements is INCORR ECT?A. Individual contributions combined possess great significance to the publ ic.B. Good contributors don’t neglect the use of internal communication syste m.C. Everyone except those original people comes under the influence of socie ty.D. Knowing how to communicate is universal among human beings.30. It is implied at the end of the passage that highly original individu als feel isolated because they ___.A. fail to acknowledge and use an acceptable form of communicationB. actually differ from other individuals in the same periodC. have little in common with the society of the timeD. refuse to admit parallels between themselves and the society阅读理解BSECTION BTEXT EFirst read the question.31. The purpose of the passage is to ___.A. review some newly-published interior-design booksB. explore the potential market for interior-design booksC. persuade people to buy some good booksD. stress the importance of reading good booksNow go through TEXT E quickly to answer question 31.Do your relationships keep failing? When you leave your home in the morning are you already feeling stressed? Is there no time in your life for fun any more? Cancel your appointment with the doctor. What you need is a good interior-des ign book. Publishers have created a new genre of books for the home, titles that go beyond paint charts and superficial style and instead show you how your home can be transformed and even heal your life.Dawna Walter is one of the authors leading the way in Britain with her boo k Organized Living that attempts to show how even a tidy sock drawer can improve the quality of your life. Walter is the owner of the Holding Company, a shop on London’s Kings Road which sells hundreds of storage ideas for the home. It has been such a hit that Walter is planning to open four new outlets in the near fu ture. Born in America, Dawna Walter is a fast talker, a self-confessed perfectio nis t, and a tidiness fundamentalist. “If it takes 10 minutes for you to find a matching pair of socks in the morning, then you are not in control and your outl ook just isn’t any good. Being organized saves you a couple of hours every week and gives you more time to do the things you enjoy, ”she explains.Her book contains dozens of ideas for streamlining your life. In the kitch en she recommends filing magazine recipes immediately, and organizing them by ty pes-of dishes or particular cooks, and using ice-cube trays to freeze sauces in individual portions. Her ideas seem common sense but nevertheless require you to be at least slightly obsessive. CDs are a case in point: “How often do you wan t to find one particular CD and can’t? Now, how much easier it would be if you p l aced them in alphabetical order? That will only take an hour. Then divide out th e ones you listen to regularly into a separate section. ”Another recent book in the British market was Sarah Shurety’s Chinese-ins p ired Feng Shui For Your Home. Within 14 days of publication every copy had been sold. Shurety’s room-by-room guide to creating a harmonious living space, based on the ancient Chinese tradition Feng Shui, contains rules for how to create the best atmosphere and promote health, wealth and happiness. Dinner party hosts ar e told to place quiet people at the head of the table and facing the door so tha t they will feel more garrulous; those looking for romance learn to place pink f lowers by their beds; and house-buyers are warned to beware of properties built on sloping foundations if they want stability in their lives.The book Creating Space , by Elizabeth Wilhide, claims that readers followin g its advice will not just improve their homes but transform their lives. Wilhid e believes that as we increasingly work from home, we need to reassess the way o ur houses work(especially when there are children in the household) if we want t o avoid being overran by junk and that feeling of “being mentally weighed down. ”Unfortunately, she admits, she finds it difficult to follow her own advice. She sheepishly confesses to having “dumping zones” in her house, a handbag “that doesn’t bear looking into”, and a car “that’s a no-go zone”But she is undau nted by these small failures. In the future, she says she is determined to tidy up he r own life and follow the path to stress-free health, wealth and happiness.TEXT FFirst read the question.32. The writer of the passage mainly intends to ___.A. criticize German y’s tax systemB. help companies ease their tax burdenC. examine the current corporate tax ratesD. propose ways to reform the tax systemNow go through TEXT F quickly to answer question 32.One major reason for Germany’s high unemployment and the evident weakness o f business investment is the nature of the tax system, which tends to discourage both individual effort and investment. Nominal corporate tax rates are, in fact , very high and it is these rates that potential investors primarily look at. Ho wever, the actual burden borne by companies is not as great as it might seem, be cause the tax base is fairly narrow. This combination in itself tend to encourag e tax avoidance at both the personal and corporate levels. Moreover, by internat ional standards, firms in Germany are still taxed quite heavily.A reform of corporate taxation, therefore, should start by, reducing tax r ates, cutting subsidies and broadening the taxable base. The resulting positive impact on growth would be reinforced if there were also a substantial easing of the net burden.How do the current plans for a reform of corporate taxation measure up to these goals? The overall tax burden on companies is to be brought down significa ntly, with the ceiling of 35 % being set. To this end, a dramatic reduction in t he corporate tax on retained earnings is planned. The related drop in revenues i s to be offset by changes in the rules governing tax breaks.An approach incorporating these basic features would be a welcome step. I f realized in its presents form, it should ensure that the objective of making t ax rates more attractive for businesses is achieved. At the same time, however, it would be unfortunate if an excessive broadening of the taxable base made it i mpossible to attain the equally important goal of providing relief.Comprehensive tax reform is needed in Germany to spur investment and to cre ate new jobs, thus putting the economy on a higher growth path. The drop in reve nues caused by the tax relief granted to both companies and households would, in time, be at least partially offset by the larger volume of tax receipts produce d by economic growth. The gaps that remained should primarily be closed through spending cuts. If measure of this sort proved inadequate, then, as a last resort , an increase in indirect taxes could perhaps be considered.TEXT GFirst read the question.33. The following passage emphasizes the role of ___ in health conservation.A. advertisingB. researchC. governmentsD. taxationNow go through TEXT G quickly to answer question 33.Most of the ill health we suffer could be prevented if people made more effo rt to change their life styles. Instead many people continue to smoke, to drink excessively and to eat unbalanced diets. How can governments help people conserv e their health and avoid premature death?Well, many of the measures which need to be taken are primarily a matter of new legislation and need not be expensive. One of the first preventive health m easures should be an increase in。
大学英语专业八级考试测试试卷(带答案)
大学英语专业八级考试测试试卷PART ⅠLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.Suggestions of Reading ActivitiesⅠ. Three 1 phases of reading—before reading—in the course of reading—after readingⅡ. Pre-reading activities—finding 2 to make comprehension easier—we-reading discussion activities to ease cognition—being aware of the 3 for reading—consideration of different types of reading skills:skimming, scanning, extensive reading, 4—understanding the 5 of the materialⅢ. Suggestions for during-reading activitiesA. Tips of 6 :—summarizing, reacting, questioning, 7 , evaluating, involving own experiencesB. My suggestions:—making predictions—making selections—combining 8 to facilitate comprehension—focusing on significant pieces of information—making use of 9 or guessing—breaking words into their 10—reading in 11—learning to pause—12Ⅳ. Post-reading suggestionsA. Depending on the goal of reading—penetrating 13—meshing new informationB. 14—discussing—summarizing—giving questions—filling in 15—writing reading notes—role-playingSECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear TWO interviews. At the end of each interview, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interviews and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.16、A. Methods to help people get rich. B. Eight steps to make hill use of money.C. Measures to improve the quality of life.D. Basic knowledge of the payoff.17、A. Do a financial checkup. B. Read self-help books.C. Do online banking.D. Organize their daily schedule.18、A. To have online access. B. To have a shoe box.C. To know exactly what access can be used.D. To know the condition of income.19、A. Tracking on the online banking. B. Tracking with debit cards or credit cards.C. Tracking through checking account.D. Tracking with a joint account.20、A. For small purchases. B. For major purchases.C. For household expenses.D. For mortgage payment.21、A. Because the gene has been passed down before they died.B. Because their families and relatives had similar gene.C. Because the gene had to protect people in the past and today.D. Because the gene has been passed down by skipped generation.22、A. Ten minutes before we go indoor.B. Ten minutes after exposing to the sun.C. The first ten minutes when go out in the sun.D. As soon as we go out in the sun.23、A. Because they take advantage of numerous fertilizers.B. Because they are all sprayed with pesticides.C. Because they contain great chemicals and make poisons.D. Because they have been processed before sale.24、A. Because some of them are not used to some kinds of alcohol.B. Because most of them drink fewer times than people of other continents.C. Because half of them lack a gene to break down alcohol efficiently.D. Because some of them suffer from diseases that limit drinking.25、A. It gives conventional account for medicine.B. It introduces the dietary regime for the sick.C. It sees various medical issues in new light.D. It offers tips on survival in the wilderness.PART ⅡREADING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are four passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE26Cheating in sport is as old as sport itself. The athletes of ancient Greece used potions to fortify themselves before a contest, and their modern counterparts have everything from anabolic steroids and growth hormones to doses of extra red blood cells with which to invigorate theft bodies. These days, however, such stimulants are frowned on, and those athletes must therefore run the gauntlet of organizations such as the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA., which would rather that athletes competed without resorting to them.27The agencies have had remarkable success. Testing for anabolic steroids (in other words, artficial testosterone) was introduced in the 1970s, and the incidence of cheating seems to have fallen dramatically as a result. The tests, however, are not foolproof. And a study just published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism by Jenny Jakobsson Schulze and her colleagues at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden suggests that an individual's genetic make-up could confound them in two different ways. One genotype, to use the jargon, may allow athletes who use anabolic steroids to escape detection altogether. Another may actually be convicting the innocent.28The test usually employed for testosterone abuse relies on measuring the ratio of two chemicals found in the urine: testosterone glucuronide (TG. and epitestosterone glucuronide (EG.. The former is produced when testosterone is broken down, while the latter is unrelated to testosterone metabolism, and can thus serve as a reference point for the test. Any ratio above four of the former to one of the latter is, according to official Olympic policy, considered suspicious and leads to more tests.29However, the production of TG is controlled by an enzyme that is, in turn, encoded by a gene called UGT2B17. This gene comes in two varieties, one of which has a part missing and therefore does not work properly. A person may thus have none, one or two working copies of UGT2B17, since he inherits one copy from each parent. Dr. Schulze guessed that different numbers of working copies would produce different test results. She therefore gave healthy male volunteers whose genes had been examined a single 360mg shot of testosterone (the standard dose for legitimate medical use) and checked their urine to see whether the shot could be detected.30The result was remarkable. Nearly half of the men who carried no functional copies of UGT2B17 would have gone undetected in the standard doping test. By contrast, 14% of those with two functional copies of the gene were over the detection threshold before they had even received an injection. The researchersestimate this would give a false-positive testing rate of 9% in a random population of young men.31Dr. Schulze also says there is substantial ethnic variation in UGT2B17 genotypes. Two-thirds of Asians have no functional copies of the gene (which means they have a naturally low ratio of TG to EG., compared with under a tenth of Caucasians—something the anti-doping bodies may wish to take into account.32In the meantime, Dr. Schulze's study does seem to offer innocents a way of defending themselves. Athletes traveling to Beijing for the Olympic games may be wise to travel armed not only with courage and the "spirit of Olympianism", but also with a copy of their genetic profile, just in case.PASSAGE TWO26Asked what job they would take if they could have any, people unleash their imaginations and dream of exotic places, powerful positions or work that involves alcohol and a paycheck at the same time. Or so you'd think.27None of those appeals to Lori Miller who, as a lead word processor, has to do things that don't seem so dreamy, which include proofreading, spell checking and formatting. But she loves it. "I like and respect nearly all my co-workers, and most of them feel the same way about me," she says. "Just a few things would make it a little better," she says, including a shorter commute and the return of some great people who used to work there. And one more thing: She'd appreciate if everyone would put their dishes in the dishwasher.28It's not a lot to ask for and, it turns out, a surprising number of people dreaming up their dream job don't ask for much. One could attribute it to lack of imagination, setting the bar low or "anchoring," the term referring to the place people start and never move far from. One could chalk it up to rationalizing your plight.29But maybe people simply like what they do and aren't, as some management would have you believe, asking for too much—just the elimination of a small but disproportionately powerful amount of office inanity. That may be one reason why two-thirds of Americans would take the same job again "without hesitation" and why 90% of Americans are at least somewhat satisfied with their jobs, according to a Gallup Poll.30The matters that routinely rank high on a satisfaction scale don't relate to money but "work as a means for demonstrating some sort of responsibility and achievement," says Barry Staw, professor of leadership and communication at University of California, Berkeley's Haas School of Business. "Pay—even when it's important, it's not for what you can buy, it's a validation of your work and approval."31So, money doesn't interest Elizabeth Gray as much as a level playing field. "I like what I do," says the city project manager who once witnessed former colleagues award a contractor, paid for work he never completed, with the title of "Contractor of the Year".32Thus: "My dream job would be one free of politics," she says. "All advancement would be based on merit. The people who really did the work would be the ones who received the credit."40Frank Gastner has a similar ideal: "VP in charge of destroying inane policies." Over the years, he's had to hassle with the simplest of design flaws that would cost virtually nothing to fix were it not for the bureaucracies that entrenched them. So, the retired manufacturer's representative says he would address product and process problems with the attitude, "It's not right; let's fix it now without a committee meeting."41Monique Huston actually has her dream job—and many tell her it's theirs, too. She's general manager of a pub in Omaha, the Dundee Dell, which boasts 650 single-malt scotches on its menu. She visits bars, country clubs, people's homes and Scotland for whiskey tasting. "I stumbled on my passion in life," she says.42Still, some nights she doesn't feel like drinking—or smiling. "Your face hurts," she complains. And when you have your dream job you wonder what in the world you'll do next.43One of the big appeals of a dream job is dreaming about it. Last year, George Reinhart saw an ad for a managing director of the privately owned island of Mustique in the West Indies.44He was lured by the salary ($1 million) and a climate that beat the one enjoyed by his Boston suburb. A documentary he saw about Mustique chronicled the posh playground for the likes of Mick Jagger and Princess Margaret. He reread Herman Wouk's "Don't Stop the Carnival," about a publicity agent who leaves his New York job and buys an island hotel. In April of last year, he applied for the job.45He heard nothing. So last May, he wrote another letter: "I wanted to thank you for providing the impetus for so much thought and fun." He didn't get the job but, he says, he takes comfort that the job hasn't been filled. "So, I can still dream," he adds.46I told him the job had been filled by someone—but only after he said, "I need to know, because then I can begin to dream of his failure."PASSAGE THREE26Israel is a "powerhouse of agricultural technology", says Abraham Goren of Elbit Imaging (EI), an Israeli multinational. The country's cows can produce as much as 37 liters of milk a day. In India, by contrast, cows yield just seven liters. Spotting an opportunity, EI is going into the Indian dairy business. It will import 10,000 cows and supply fortified and flavored milk to supermarkets and other buyers.27So will EI lap up India's milk market? Not necessarily. As the Times of India points out, its cows will ruminate less than 100 miles from the headquarters of a formidable local producer—the Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation, otherwise known as Amul. This Farmers' Co-operative spans 2.6m members, collects 6.5m liters of milk a day, and boasts one of the longest-running and best-loved advertising campaigns in India. It has already shown "immense resilience" in the face of multinational competition, says Arindam Bhattacharya of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG.. Its ice-cream business survived the arrival of Unilever; its chocolate milk has thrived despite Nestleacute.28Indeed, Amul is one of 50 firms—from China, India, Brazil, Russia and six other emerging economies—that BCG has anointed as "local dynamos". They areprospering in their home market, are fending off multinational rivals, and are not focused on expanding abroad. BCG discovered many of these firms while drawing up its "global challengers" list of multinationals from the developing world. The companies that were venturing abroad most eagerly, it discovered, were not necessarily the most successful at home.29Emerging economies are still prey to what Harvard's Dani Rodrik has called "export fetishism". International success remains a firm's proudest boast, and with good reason: economists have shown that exporters are typically bigger, more efficient and pay better than their more parochial rivals. "Exporters are better" was the crisp verdict of a recent review of the data.30Countries like India and Brazil were, after all, once secluded backwaters fenced off by high tariffs. Prominent firms idled along on government favors and captive markets. In that era, exporting was a truer test of a company's worth. But as such countries have opened up, their home markets have become more trying places. Withstanding the onslaught of foreign firms on home soil may be as impressive a feat as beating them in global markets.31BCG describes some of the ways that feat has been accomplished. Of its 50 dynamos, 41 are in consumer businesses, where they can exploit a more intimate understanding of their compatriots' tastes. It gives the example of Gol, a Brazilian budget airline, which bet that its cash-strapped customers would sacrifice convenience and speed for price. Many Gol planes therefore depart at odd hours and make several hops to out-of-the-way locations, rather than flying directly.32Similarly astute was India's Titan Industries, which has increased its share of India's wristwatch market despite the entry of foreign brands such as Timex and Swatch. It understood that Indians, who expect a good price even for old newspapers, do not throw their watches away lightly, and has over 700 after-sales centers that will replace straps and batteries.40Exporters tend to be more capital-intensive than their home-bound peers; they also rely more on skilled labor. Many local dynamos, conversely, take full advantage of the cheap workforce at their disposal. Focus Media, China's biggest "out of home" advertising company, gets messages out on flat-panel displays in 85,000 locations around the country. Those displays could be linked and reprogrammed electronically, but that might fall foul of broadcast regulations. So instead the firm's fleet of workers on bicycles replaces the displays' discs and flash-cards by hand.41The list of multinationals resisted or repelled by these dynamos includes some of the world's biggest names: eBay and Google in China; Wal-Mart in Mexico; SAP in Brazil. But Mr. Goren of EI is not too worried about Amul. The market is big enough for everybody, he insists. Nothing, then, is for either company to cry about.PASSAGE FOUR26It is hard for modern people to imagine the life one hundred years ago. No television, no plastic, no ATMs, no DVDs. Illnesses like tuberculosis, diphtheria, pneumonia meant only death. Of course, cloning appeared only in science fiction. Not to mention, computer and Internet.27Today, our workplace are equipped with assembly lines, fax machines, computers. Our daily life is cushioned by air conditioners, cell phones. Antibiotics helped created a long list of miracle drugs. The by-pass operation saved millions. The discovery of DNA has revolutionized the way scientists think about new therapies. Man finally stepped on the magical and mysterious Moon. With the rapid changes we have been experiencing, the anticipation for the future is higher than ever.28A revolutionary manufacturing process made it possible for anyone to own a car. Henry Ford is the man who put the world on wheels.29When it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all our lives, you cannot over-look Henry Ford. A historian a century from now might well conclude that it was Henry Ford who most influenced all manufacturing everywhere, even to this day, by introducing a new way to make cars—one, strange to say, that originated in slaughter houses.30Back in the early 1900s, slaughter houses used what could have been called a "disassembly line." That is, the carcass of a slain steer or a pig was moved past various meat-cutters, each of whom cut off only a certain portion. Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up production of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto. Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed, added another component to it, the same one each time. Professor David Hounshell, of The University of Delaware, an expert on industrial development tells what happened: "The previous day, workers carrying out the entire process had averaged one magneto every 20 minutes. But on that day, on the line, the assembly team averaged one every 13 minutes and 10 seconds per person."31Within a year, the time had been reduced to five minutes. In 1913, Ford went all the way. Hooked together by ropes, partially assembled vehicles were towed past workers who completed them one piece at a time. It wasn't long before Ford was turning out several hundred thousand cars a year, a remarkable achievement then. And so efficient and economical was this new system that he cut the price of his cars in half, to $260, putting them within reach of all those who, up until that time, could not afford them. Soon, auto makers over the world copied him. In fact, he encouraged them to do so by writing a book about all of his innovations, entitled Today and Tomorrow. The Age of the Automobile had arrived. Today, aided by robots and other forms of automation, everything from toasters to perfumes is made on assembly lines.32Edsel Ford, Henry's great-grandson, and a Ford vice president: "I think that my great-grandfather would just be amazed at how far technology has come."40Many of today's innovations come from Japan. Norman Bodek, who publishes books about manufacturing processes, finds this ironic. On a recent trip to Japan he talked to two of the top officials of Toyota. "When I asked them where these secrets came from, where their ideas came from to manufacture in a totally different way, they laughed, and they said. 'Well. We just read it in Henry Ford's book from 1926: Today and Tomorrow.'"26、The second paragraph implies that testing for anabolic steroids______.(PASSAGE ONE.A. is always accurate and reliableB. is proved to be inaccurateC. may sometimes show inaccuracyD. has helped end doping in sport27、According to official Olympic policy, which of the following ratio between TG and EG is considered suspicious? ______(PASSAGE ONE.A. 1:1.B. 2.5:1.C. 3.3:1.D. 4.5:1.28、Which of the following is NOT true about UGT2B17, according to the passage? ______(PASSAGE ONE.A. None, one or two working copies of UGT2B17 can be found in different people.B. Test results would depend on numbers of working copies of UGT2B17.C. Most Caucasians have no functional copies of UGT2B17.D. Most Asians have no functional copies of UGT2B17.29、Why does the author suggest the athletes bring a copy of their genetic profile to the Olympic Games?______(PASSAGE ONE.A. Because it is required by the Beijing Olympic Games Committee.B. Because it may defend them against unfavorable testosterone test results.C. Because it is one of the ways to show "spirit of Olympianism".D. Because it will help them to perform better in the Olympic Games.30、According to the passage, ______.(PASSAGE TWO)A. many people don't ask for much about their dream jobB. most Americans are not satisfied with their jobsC. Lori Miller is totally satisfied with her current jobD. Loti Miller is not satisfied with her current job at all31、What is the role of the 4th paragraph in the development of the passage? ______(PASSAGE TWO)A. To show that people don't ask for much about their dream job.B. To show that most people in America are satisfied with their jobs.C. To offer supporting evidence to the preceding paragraph.D. To provide a contrast to the preceding paragraphs.32、All the following are mentioned as features of a dream job EXCEPT ______.(PASSAGE TWO)A. demonstrating duty and achievementB. being free of politicsC. making people dream about itD. involving alcohol drinking33、According to the passage, after EI enters the Indian dairy business, ______.(PASSAGE THREE.A. India's milk market will not necessarily be greatly influencedB. India's milk market will be completely lapped upC. Amul will lose in the competition with EID. Unilever and Nestleacute will leave the Indian market34、All of the following are ways to accomplish the feat of withstanding the onslaught of foreign firms on home soil EXCEPT ______.(PASSAGE THREE.A. relying more on skilled laborB. specializing in consumer businessesC. taking advantage of the cheap workforceD. better understanding homeconsumers' tastes35、Which of the following would the author most probably agree? ______(PASSAGE THREE.A. Not all of the developing world's most successful companies are globalizing.B. Companies venturing abroad most eagerly are the most successful at home.C. Local dynamos are the most successful firms all over the world.D. Globalizing is not good for companies in emerging economies.36、To call Henry Ford "the man who put the world on wheels", the author means ______.(PASSAGE FOUR)A. he made quality wheels famous to the whole worldB. he produced cars for free for people all over the worldC. his innovation made it possible for anyone to own a carD. his innovation provided everyone in the world with a car37、The assembly line reduced the time to make a magneto by ______ within a year.(PASSAGE FOUR)A. 20%B. 38%C. 65%D. 75%38、Before assembly line was introduced, the price of a Ford's car was ______.(PASSAGE FOUR)A. $260B. $130C. $520D. $104039、The last paragraph implies that ______.(PASSAGE FOUR)A. Today and Tomorrow provides technological solutions for manufacturersB. Many of the Japanese innovations are inspired by Today and TomorrowC. Today and Tomorrow is more popular among the Japanese than the AmericansD. Today and Tomorrow is a Japanese manufacturing encyclopedia40、SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in SECTION A. Answer each question in NO more than 10 words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.According to the passage, what is the status quo of cheating in sport?(PASSAGE ONE.41、According to the second paragraph, why are the tests for anabolic steroids inconvincible?(PASSAGE ONE.42、What does the phrase "a level playing field" in Paragraph 6 mean?(PASSAGE TWO)43、What's the main idea of the passage?(PASSAGE TWO)44、According to the passage, what's the market orientation of those "local dynamos"?(PASSAGE THREE.45、According to Dani Rodrik, what's the most important achievement for "export fetishism"?(PASSAGE THREE.46、Why do many Gol planes take off at odd hours and fly indirectly?(PASSAGE THREE.47、Where did the idea of assembly line come from?(PASSAGE FOUR)PART ⅢLANGUAGE USAGEThe passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided atthe end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a "∧" sign and write the wordyou believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash "—" and put the word in the blankprovided at the end of the line.Language performance and language acquisition are the twoprinciple concerns of the psychology of language, or psycholinguistics. 48The intensified study of psycholinguistics has produced a considerableamount of literature and some significant advance in our understanding 49of language acquisition. Surprisingly little fundamental researchhas been conducted into the processes of learning a second language.The consequence has been most theories in this field 50are still extrapolating from general theories of human learning 51and behavior or from the recent work in language performance andacquisition. This is not to say that there has been no valuableresearch on language teaching. But this has been concerned about 52the evaluation of different teaching methods and materials, forexample, the use of language laboratories, the use of language drills,the teaching of grammar by different methods.Now, such research is difficult to evaluate, so experiments in 53language teaching suffer from the same set of problems that allcomparative educational experiments suffer from. It is virtuallyimpossible to control all the factors involved in even if we know 54how to identify them in the first place, particularly such factors asmotivation, previous knowledge, aptitude, learning outside the classroom,teacher performance. Consequently the conclusions to be drawnfrom such experiments can, with confidence, be generalized toother 55teaching situations. The results are, strictly spoken, only valid for the 56 learners, teachers and schools in what the experiment took place. 57PART ⅣTRANSLATIONTranslate the following text from Chinese into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.58、沿着荷塘，是一条曲折的小煤屑路。
2017年专业英语八级考试试题及答案（2）
2017年专业英语八级考试试题及答案（2）28. Which of the following best describes the attitude of other people on the train towards the couple?[A] They regarded the couple as an object of fun.[B] They expressed indifference towards the couple.[C] They were very curious about the couple.[D] They showed friendliness towards the couple.29. Which of the following contains a metaphor?[A] ... like a man waiting in a barber's shop.[B] ... his countenance radiant with benevolence.[C] ... sweeping over the horizon, a precipice.[D] ... as darkly brilliant as the surface of a pool of oil.30. We can infer from the last paragraph that in the dining-car[A] the waiters were snobbish. [B] the couple felt ill at ease.[C] the service was satisfactory. [D] the couple enjoyed their dinner.PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGEThere are ten multiple-choice questions in this section.31. The northernmost part of Great Britain is[A] Northern Ireland. [B] Scotland. [C] England. [D] Wales.32. It is generally agreed that were the first Europeans to reach Australia's shores.[A] the French [B] the Germans [C] the British [D] the Dutch33. Which country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf?[A] Canada. [B] New Zealand.[C] Great Britain. [D] The United States of America.34. Who wrote the famous pamphlet, The Common Sense, before the American Revolution?[A] Thomas Jefferson. [B] Thomas Paine.[C] John Adams. [D] Benjamin Franklin.35. Virginia Woolf was an important female ______ in the 20th-century England.[A] poet [B] biographer [C] playwright [D] novelist36. ______ refers to a long narrative poem that records the adventures of a hero in a nation's history.[A] Ballad [B] Romance [C] Epic [D] Elegy37. Which of the following best explores American myth in the 20th century?[A] The Great Gatsby. [B] The Sun Also Rises.[C] The Sound and the Fury. [D] Beyond the Horizon.38. ______ is defined as the study of the relationship between language and mind.[A] Semantics [B] Pragmatics[C] Cognitive linguistics [D] Sociolinguistics39. A vowel is different from a consonant in English because of[A] absence of obstruction. [B] presence of obstruction.[C] manner of articulation. [D] place of articulation.40. The definition "the act of using, or promoting the use of, several languages, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers" refers to[A] Pidgin. [B] Creole.[C] Multilingualism. [D] Bilingualism.PART IV PROOFREADING &ERROR CORRECTIONPART V TRANSLATIONPART V TRANSLATIONTranslate the underlined part of the following text into English.现代社会无论价值的持有还是生活方式的选择都充满了矛盾。
英语专业八级试题
英语专业八级试题英语专业八级练习题一、听力理解（1道题）You will hear a short news report. Listen carefully and answer the following question.What is the main topic of this news report?A. A new scientific discovery.B. A political event.C. A natural disaster.D. A cultural festival.二、阅读理解（3道题）Read the following passage and answer the questions.Passage:The concept of "time poverty" has emerged as a significant concern in modern society. With the increasing demands of work, family, and social obligations, many individuals feel that they have less and less time forthemselves. This phenomenon is not only affecting people's mental health but also their overall quality of life.Question 1: What is "time poverty" according to the passage?A. Being poor and having no time.B. The feeling of having insufficient time due to various demands.C. A new economic concept related to time management.D. The lack of time for work.Question 2: Which of the following is NOT affected by "time poverty" according to the passage?A. Mental health.B. Physical health.C. Quality of life.D. Social relationships.Question 3: The author's attitude towards "time poverty" can be best described as:A. Optimistic.B. Pessimistic.C. Concerned.D. Indifferent.三、语言知识（3道题）1. Choose the correct word to fill in the blank.The committee has made a ______ decision regarding the new project.A. conscienceB. consciousC. consecutiveD. consensus2. Identify the error in the following sentence.I have been waiting here from two hours, but no one has come yet.A. have been waitingB. fromC. butD. has come3. Which of the following sentences uses the subjunctive mood correctly?A. If I was you, I would study harder.B. She demanded that he leaves immediately.C. It is important that we be on time for the meeting.D. I wish I have more money.四、翻译（2道题）1. Translate the following Chinese sentence into English.中国的城市化（urbanization）将会充分释放潜在内需（domestic demand）。
英语专业八级考试全真试卷 (2)
英语专业八级考试全真试卷Part ⅠListening Comprehension (40 min)In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONL Y. Listen carefully a nd then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct response to each ques tion on your Coloured Answer Sheet.SECTION A TALKQuestions 1 to 5 refer to the talk in this section. At the end of the talk you w ill be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now list en to the talk.1. Changes in the size of the World Bank’ s operations r efer to ___.A. the expansion of its loan programmeB. the inclusion of its hard loansC. the inclusion of its soft loansD. the previous lending policies2. What actually made the Bank change its overall lending strategy?A. Reluctance of people in poor countries to have small families.B. Lack of basic health services and inequality in income distribution.C. The discovery that a low fertility rate would lead to economic development.D. Poor nutrition and low literacy in many poor countries of the world.3. The change in emphasis of the Bank’s lending policies meant that the Bank would ___.A. be more involved in big infrastructure projectsB. adopt similar investment strategies in poor and rich countriesC. embark upon a review of the investment in huge dams and steel millsD.invest in projects that would benefit the low-income sector of society4. Which of the following is NOT a criticism of the bank?A. Colossal travel expenses of its staff.B. Fixed annual loans to certain countries.C. Limited impact of the Bank’s projects.D. Role as a financial deal maker.5. Throughout the talk, the speaker is ___ while introducing the Wor ld Bank.A. biasedB. unfriendlyC. objectiveD. sensationalSECTION B CONVERSATIONQuestions 6 to 10 are based on a conversation. At the end of the conversation yo u will be given 15 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the conversatio n.6. The man sounds surprised at the fact that ___.A. many Australians are taking time off to travelB. the woman worked for some time in New ZealandC. the woman raised enough money for travelD. Australians prefer to work in New Zealand7. We learn that the woman liked Singapore mainly because of its ___.A. cleannessB. multi-ethnicityC. modern characteristicsD. shopping opportunities8. From the conversation we can infer that Kaifeng and Yinchuan impressed the woman with their ___.A. respective locationsB. historic interestsC. ancient tombsD. Jewish descendants9. Which of the following words can best describe the woman’s feelings a bout Tibet?A. Amusement.B. Disbelief.C. Ecstasy.D. Delig ht10. According to the conversation, it was that made the woman ready to stop traveling.A. the unsettledness of travelB. the difficulties of trekkingC. the loneliness of travelD. the unfamiliar environmentSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestions 11 and 12 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item , you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.11. Mike Tyson was put in prison last August because he ___.A. violated the traffic lawB. illegally attacked a boxerC. attacked sb. after a traffic accidentD. failed to finish his contract12. The license granted to Tyson to fight will be terminated ___.A. by the end of the yearB. in over a yearC. in AugustD. in a few weeksQuestion 13 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you wil l be given 15 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.13. The Russian documents are expected to draw great attention because ___.A. they cover the whole story of the former US presidentB. the assassin used to live in the former Soviet UnionC. they are the only official documents released about KennedyD. they solved the mystery surrounding Kennedy’s assassinationQuestion 14 and 15 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions. New listen to the news.14. In the recent three months, Hong Kong’s unemployment rate has ___.A. increased slowlyB. decreased graduallyC. stayed steadyD. become unpredictable15. According to the news, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Business conditions have worsened in the past three months.B. The past three months have seen a declining trend in job offers.C. The rise of unemployment rate in some sectors equals the fall in others.D. The unemployment rate in all sectors of the economy remains unchanged.SECTION D NOTE-TAKING AND GAP-FILLINGFill each of gaps with ONE word. You may refer to your notes. Make sure the word you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable.The Press ConferenceThe press conference has certain advantages. The first advantage lies with the(1)___ nature of the event itself; public officials are supposed to 1.___submit to scrutiny by responding to various questions at a press conference.Secondly, statements previously made at a press conference can be used as a(2)___ in judging following statements or policies. Moreover, in case 2.___of important events, press conferences are an effective way to break the newsto groups of reporters.However, from the point of view of (3)___, the press conference 3.___possesses some disadvantages, mainly in its(4)___ and news source. 4.___The provider virtually determines the manner in which a press conferenceproceeds. This, sometimes, puts news reporters at a(n)(5)___ , as can 5.___be seen on live broadcasts of news conferences.Factors in getting valuable information preparation: a need to keep up to date on journalistic subject matter;—(6)___ of the news source: 6.___1 ) news source’ s (7)___ to7.___provide information;2)news-gathering methods.Conditions under which news reporters cannot trust the informationprovided by a news source— not knowing the required information;— knowing and willing to share the information, but without(8)___ skills; 8.___— knowing the information, but unwilling to share;— willing to share, but unable to recall.(9)___ of questions asked 9.___Ways of improving the questions:no words with double meanings;no long questions;— specific time, place, etc.;— (10) questions; 10.___— clear alternatives, or no alternatives in answers.改错Part ⅡProofreading and Error Correction (15 min)The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and wri te the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unnecessary word cross out the unnecessary word with a slash “/’ and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.ExampleWhen∧art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) an it never／buys things in finished form and hangs (2) never them on the wall. When a natural history museum wants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitDuring the early years of this century, wheat was seen as thevery lifeblood of Western Canada. People on city streets watchedthe yields and the price of wheat in almost as much feeling as if 1.___they were growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasing 2.___favorite topic of conversation.War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketingthe western crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative grainselling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange.Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn, so farmers could 3.___not wait for markets to improve. It had happened too often thatthey sold their wheat soon shortly after harvest when farm debts 4.___were coming due, just to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. 5.___On various occasions, producer groups, asked firmer control, 6.___but the government had no wish to become involving, at 7.___least not until wartime when wheat prices threatened to runwild.Anxious to check inflation and rising life costs, the federal 8.___government appointed a board of grain supervisors to deal withdeliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Exchangetrading was suspended, and farmers sold at prices fixed by theboard. To handle with the crop of 1919, the government 9.___appointed the first Canadian Wheat Board, with total authority to 10.___buy, sell, and set prices.阅读理解APart ⅢReading Comprehension (40 min)SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION (30 min)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of fifteen multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark answers on your Coloured Answer Sheet.TEXT A“Twenty years ago, Blackpool turned its back on the sea and tried to make i tself into an entertain ment centre. ” say Robin Wood, a local official. “Now t he thinking is that we should try, to refocus on the sea and make Blackpool a fami ly destination again.” To say that Blackpool neglected the sea is to put it mil d ly. In 1976 the European Community, as it then was called, instructed member nati ons to make their beaches conform to certain minimum standards of cleanliness wi thin ten years. Britain, rather than complying, took the novel strategy of conte nding that many of its most popular beaches we re not swimming beaches at all. Be cause of Britain’s climate the sea-bathing season is short, and most people don ’ t go in above their knees anyway-and hence can’t really be said to be swimming. By averaging out the number of people actually swimming across 365 days of the y ear, the government was able to persuade itself, if no one else, that Britain ha d hardly any real swimming beaches.As one environmentalist put it to me: “You had the ludicrous situation in w hich Luxembourg had mere listed public bathing beaches than the whole of the Uni ted Kingdom. It was preposterous.”Meanwhile, Blackpool continued to discharge raw sewage straight into the se a. Finally after much pressure from both environmental groups and the European U nion, the local water authority built a new waste-treatment facility for the who le of Blackpool and neighbouring communities. The facility came online in June 1 996. For the first time since the industrial revolution Blackpool’s waters are safe to swim in.That done, the town is now turning its attention to making the sea-front me re visually attractive. The promenade, once a rather elegant place to stroll, ha d become increasingly tatty and neglected. “It was built in Victorian times and needed a thorough overhaul anyway, ”says Wood, “so we decided to make aestheti c improvements at the same time, to try to draw people back to it.” Blackpool rec e ntly spent about $1.4 million building new kiosks for vendors and improving seat ing around the Central Pier and plans to spend a further $ 15 million on various amenity projects.The most striking thing about Blackpool these days compared with 20 years a go is how empty its beaches are. When the tide is out, Blackpool’s beaches are a vast plain of beckoning sand. They look spacious enough to accommodate comforta bly the entire populace of northern England. Ken Welsby remembers days when, as he puts it,“ you couldn’t lay down a handkerchief on this beach, it was that c rowded.”Welsby comes from Preston, 20 miles down the road, and has been visiting Bl ackpool all his life. Now retired, he had come for the day with his wife, Kitty, and their three young grandchildren who were gravely absorbed in building a san dcastle. “Two hundred thousand people they’d have on this beach sometimes.” W elsby said. “You can’t imagine it now, can you?”Indeed I could not. Though it was a bright sunny day in the middle of summe r. I counted just 13 people scattered along a half mile or so of open sand. Exce pt for those rare times when hot weather and a public holiday coincide, it is li ke this nearly always now.“You can’t imagine how exciting it was to come here for the day when we w er e young.” Kitty said. “Even from Preston, it was a big treat. Now children d on ’t want the beach. They wantarcade games and rides in helicopters and goodness kn ows what else.” She stared out over the glittery water. “We’ll never see thos e days again. It’s sad really.”“But your grandchildren seem to be enjoying it,” I p ointed out.“For the moment, ”Ken said. “For the moment.”Afterward I went for a long walk along the empty beach, then went back to th e town centre and treated myself to a large portion of fish-and-chips wrapped in paper. The way they cook it in Blackpool, it isn’t so much a meal as an invita t ion to a heart attack, but it was delicious. Far out over the sea the sun was se tting with such splendor that I would almost have sworn I could hear the water h iss where it touched.Behind me the lights of Blackpool Tower were just twinkling on, and the str eets were beginning to fill with happy evening throngs. In the purply light of d usk the town looked peaceful and happy — enchanting even — and there was an engaging air of expectancy, of fun about to happen. Somewhat to my surprise, I r ealized that this place was beginning to grow on me.16. At the beginning, the passage seems to suggest that Blackpool ___.A. will continue to remain as an entertainment centreB. complied with EC’s standa rds of clearlinessC. had no swimming beaches all alongD. is planning to revive its former attraction17. We can learn from the passage that Blackpool used to ___.A. have as many beaches as LuxumbourgB. have seriously polluted drinking waterC. boast some imposing seafront sightsD. attract few domestic holiday makers18. What Blackpool’s beaches strike visitors most is their ___.A. emptinessB. cleanlinessC. modernityD. monotonyTEXT BPundits who want to sound judicious are fond of warning against generalizin g. Each country is different, they say, and no one story fits all of Asia. This is, of course, silly: all of these economies plunged into economic crisis within a few months of each other, so they must have had something in common.In fact, the logic of catastrophe was pretty much the same in Thailand, Mal aysia, Indonesia and South Korea. (Japan is a very different story. ) In each ca se investors——mainly, but not entirely, foreign banks who had made short-term loans——all tried to pull their money out at the same time. The result was a co mbined banking and currency crisis: a banking crisis because no bank can convert all its assets into cash on short notice; a currency crisis because panicked in vestors were trying not only to convert long-term assets into cash, but to conve rt baht or rupiah into dollars. In the face of the stampede, governments had no good options. If they let their currencies plunge inflation would soar and compa nies that had borrowed in dollars would go bankrupt; if they tried to support th eir currencies by pushing up interest rates, the same firms would probably go bu st from the combination of debt burden and recession. In practice, countries’ s plit the difference—— and paid a heavy price regardless.Was the crisis a punishment for bad economic management? Like most cliches, the catchphrase“ crony capitalism” has prospered because it gets at something r eal: excessively cozyrelationships between government and business really did l ead to a lot of bad investments. The still primitive financial structure of Asia n business also made the economies peculiarly vulnerable to a loss of confidence . But the punishment was surely disproportionate to the crime, and many investme nts that look foolish in retrospect seemed sensible at the time.Given that there were no good policy options, was the policy response mainl y on the fight track? There was frantic blame-shifting when everything in Asia s eemed to be going wrong: now there is a race to claim credit when some things ha ve started to go right. The international Monetary Fund points to Korea’s recov e ry——and more generally to the fact that the sky didn’t fall after all —— a s proof that its policy recommendations were right. Never mind that other IMF cli ents have done far worse, and that the economy of Malaysia —— which refused IM F help, and horrified respectable opinion by imposing capital controls ——also seems to be on the mend. Malaysia’s prime Minister, by contrast, c laims full cr e dit for any good news——even though neighbouring economies also seem to have bo ttomed out.The truth is that an observer without any ax to grind would probably concl ude that none of the policies adopted either on or in defiance of t he IMF’s adv i ce made much difference either way. Budget policies, interest rate policies, ban king reform ——whatever countries tried, just about all the capital that could flee, did. And when there was no mere money to run, the natural recuperative po wers of the economies finally began to prevail. At best, the money doctors who p urported to offer cures provided a helpful bedside manner; at worst, they were l ike medieval physicians who prescribed bleeding as a remedy for all ills.Will the pat ients stage a full recovery? It depends on exactly what you me an by “full”. South Korea’s industrial production is already above its pre-cr isi s level; but in the spring of 1997 anyone who had predicted zero growth in Korea n industry over the next two years would have been regarded as a reckless doomsa yer. So if by recovery you mean not just a return to growth, but one that brings the region’s performance back to something like what people used to regard as the Asian norm, they have a long way to go.19. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the writer’s opinion?A. Countries paid a heavy price for whichever measure taken.B. Countries all found themselves in an economic dilemma.C. Withdrawal of foreign capital resulted in the crisis.D. Most governments chose one of the two options.20. The writer thinks that those Asian countries ___.A. well deserved the punishmentB. invested in a senseless way at the timeC. were unduly punished in the crisisD. had bad relationships between government and business21. It can be inferred from the passage that IMF policy recommendations ___.A. were far from a panacea in all casesB. were feasible in their recipient countriesC. failed to work in their recipient countriesD. were rejected unanimously by Asian countries22. At the end of the passage, the writer seems to think that a full reco very of the Asian economy is ___.A. dueB. remoteC. imaginativeD. unpredictableTEXT CHuman migration: the term is vague. What people usually think of is the per manent movement of people from one home to another. More broadly, though, migrat ion means all the ways——from the seasonal drift of agricultural workers within a country to the relocation of refugees from one country to another.Migration is big, dangerous, compelling. It is 60 million Europeans leaving home from the 16th to the 20th centuries. It is some 15 million Hindus, Skihs, and Muslims swept up in a tumultuous shuffle of citizens between India and Pakis tan after the partition of the subcontinent in 1947.Migration is the dynamic undertow of population change: everyone’s solutio n , everyone’s conflict. As the century turns, migration, with its inevitable eco n omic and political turmoil, has been called“ one of the greatest challenges of the coming century.”But it is much more than that. It is, as has always been, the great adventu re of human life. Migration helped create humans, drove us to conquer the planet , shaped our societies, and promises to reshape them again.“You have a history book written in your genes, ”said Spencer Wells. The bo ok he’s trying to read goes back to long before even the first word was written , and it is a story of migration.Wells, a tall, blond geneticist at Stanford University, spent the summer of 1998 exploring remote parts of Transcaucasia and Central Asia with three collea gues in a Land Rover, looking for drops of blood. In the blood, donated by the p eople he met, he will search for the story that genetic markers can tell of the long paths human life has taken across the Earth. Genetic studies are the latest technique in a long effort of modern humans t o find out where they have come from. But however the paths are traced, the basi c story is simple: people have been moving since they were people. If early huma ns hadn’t moved and intermingled as much as they did, they probably would have c ontinued to evolve into different species. From beginnings in Africa, most resea rchers agree, groups of hunter-gatherers spread out, driven to the ends of the E arth.To demographer Kingsley Davis, two things made migration happen. First, hum an beings, with their tools and language, could adapt to different conditions wi thout having to wait for evolution to make them suitable for a new niche. Second , as populations grew, cultures began to differ, and inequalities developed betw een groups. The first factor gave us the keys to the door of any room on the pla net; the other gave us reasons to use them.Over the centuries, as agriculture spread across the planet, people moved t oward places where metal was found and worked and to centres of commerce that th en became cities. Those places were, in turn, invaded and overrun by people later generations called barbarians.In between these storm surges were steadier but similarly profound fides in which people moved out to colonize or were captured and brought in as slaves. F or a while the population of Athens, that city of legendary enlightenment was as much as 35 percent slaves.“What strikes me is how important migration is as a cause and effect in th e great world events. ”Mark Miller, co-author of The Age of Migration and a prof essor of political science at the University of Delaware, told me recently.It is difficult to think of any great events that did not involve migration . Religions spawned pilgrims or settlers; wars drove refugees before them and ma de new land available for the conquerors; political upheavals displaced thousand s or millions; economic innovations drew workers and entrepreneurs like magnets; environmental disasters like famine or disease pushedtheir bedraggled survivor s anywhere they could replant hope. “It’s part of our nature, this movement,” Miller said, “It’s just a fact of the human condition.”23. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Migration exerts a great impact on population change.B. Migration contributes to Mankind’s progress.C. Migration brings about desirable and undesirable effects.D. Migration may not be accompanied by human conflicts.24. According to Kingsley Davis, migration occurs as a result of the foll owing reasons EXCEPF ___.A. human adaptabilityB. human evolutionC. cultural differencesD. inter-group inequalities25. Which of the following groups is NOT mentioned as migrants in the pas sage?A. Farmers.B. Workers.C. Settlers.D. Colon izers.26. There seems to be a(n) ___ relationship between great events an d migration.A. looseB. indefiniteC. causalD. rem oteTEXT DHow is communication actually achieved? It depends, of course, either on a common language or on known conventions, or at least on the beginnings of these. If the common language and the conventions exist, the contributor, for example, the creative artist, the performer, or the reporter, tries to use them as well as he can. But often, especially with original artists and thinkers, the problem is in one way that of creating a language, or creating a convention, or at leas t of developing the language and conventions to the point where they are capable of bearing his precise meaning. In literature, in music, in the visual arts, in the sciences, in social thinking, in philosophy, this kind of development has o ccurred again and again. It often takes a long time to get through, and for many people it will remain difficult. But we need never think that it is impossible; creative energy is much more powerful than we sometimes suppose. While a man is engaged in this struggle to say new things in new ways, he is usually more than ever concentrated on the actual work, and not on its possible audience. Many ar tists and scientists share this fundamental unconcern about the ways in which th eir work will be received. They may be glad if it is understood and appreciated, hurt if it is not, but while the work is being done there can be no argument. T he thing has to come out as the man himself sees it.In this sense it is true that it is the duty of society to create condition s in which such men can live. For whatever the value of any individual contribut ion, the general body of work is of immense value to everyone. But of course thi ngs are not so formal, in reality. There is not society on the one hand and thes e individuals on the other. In ordinary living, and in his work, the contributor shares in the life of his society, which often affects him both in minor ways a nd in ways sometimes so deep that he is not even aware of them. His ability to m ake his work public depends on the actual communication system: the language its elf, or certain visual or musical or scientific conventions, and the institution s through which the communication will be passed. The effect of these on his act ual work can be almost infinitely variable. For it is not only a communication s ystem outside him; it is also, however original he may be, a communication syste m which is in fact part of himself. Many contributors make active use of this ki nd of internal communication system. It is to themselves, in a way, that they fi rst show their conceptions, playtheir music, present their arguments. Not only as a way of getting these clear, in the process of almost endless testing that a ctive composition involves. But also, whether consciously or not, as a way of pu tting the experience into a communicable form. If one mind has grasped it, then it may be open to other minds.In this deep sense, the society is in some ways already present in the act of composition. This is always very difficult to understand, but often, when we have the advantage of looking back at a period, we can see, even if we cannot e xplain, how this was so. We can see how much even highly original individuals ha d in common, in their actual work, and in what is called their “structure of fe e ling”, with other individual workers of the time, and with the society of that t ime to which they belonged. The historian is also continually struck by the fact that men of this kind felt isolated at the very time when in reality they were beginning to get through. This can also be noticed in our own time, when some of the most deeply influential men feel isolated and even rejected. The society an d the communication are there, but it is difficult to recognize them, difficult to be sure.27. Creative artists and thinkers achieve communication by ___.A. depending on shared conventionsB. fashioning their own conventionsC. adjusting their personal feelingsD. elaborating a common language28. A common characteristic of artists and scientists involved in creativ e work is that ___.A. they cave about the possible reaction to their workB. public response is one of the primary conceitsC. they are keenly aware of public interest in their workD. they are indifferent toward response to their work29. According to the passage, which of the following statements is INCORR ECT?A. Individual contributions combined possess great significance to the publ ic.B. Good contributors don’t neglect the use of internal communication syste m.C. Everyone except those original people comes under the influence of socie ty.D. Knowing how to communicate is universal among human beings.30. It is implied at the end of the passage that highly original individu als feel isolated because they ___.A. fail to acknowledge and use an acceptable form of communicationB. actually differ from other individuals in the same periodC. have little in common with the society of the timeD. refuse to admit parallels between themselves and the society阅读理解BSECTION BTEXT EFirst read the question.31. The purpose of the passage is to ___.。
2023年英语专业八级考试全真试卷
2023年英语专业八级考试全真试卷试卷一(95 min)Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (40 min)In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Mark the correct answer to each question on your Coloured Answer Sheet.SECTION A TALKQuestions 1 to 5 refer to the talk in this section .At the end of the talk you w ill be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the talk.1.According to the passage, during the 18th and 19th centuries cities we are small in size mainly because ___.A.the urban population was stableB.few people lived in citiesC.transport was backwardD.it was originally planned2.Cities survived in those days largely as a result of ___.A.the trade activities they undertookB.the agricultural activities in the nearby areasC.their relatively small sizeD.the non-economic roles they played3.City dwellers were engaged in all the following economic activities EX CEPT ___.merceB.distributionC.processingD.transportation4.Urban people left cities for the following reasons EXCEPT ___.A.more economic opportunitiesB.a freer social and political environmentC.more educational opportunitiesD.a more relaxed religious environment5.Why did the early cities fail to grow as quickly as expected through out the 18th century?A.Because the countryside attracted more people.B.Because cities did not increase in number.C.Because the functions of the cities changed.D.Because the number of city people was stable.SECTION B INTERVIEWQuestions 6 to 10 are based on an interview .At the end of the interview you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.6.According to Janet, the factor that would most affect negotiations is ___.A.English language proficiencyB.different cultural practicesC.different negotiation tasksD.the international Americanized style7.Janet’s attitude towards the Americanized style as a model for business negotiations is ___.A.supportiveB.negativeC.ambiguousD.cautious8.Which of the following can NOT be seen as a difference between Brazilian and American negotiators?A.Americans prepare more points before negotiations.B.Americans are more straightforward during negotiations.C.Brazilians prefer more eye contact during negotiations.D.Brazilians seek more background information.9.Which group of people seems to be the most straightforward?A.The British.B.Germans.C.Americans.D.Not mentioned.10.Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Japanese negotiators?A.Reserved.B.Prejudiced.C.Polite.D.Prudent.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestion 11 is based on the following news.At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.11.The news item is mainly about ___.A.a call for research papers to be read at the conferenceB.an international conference on traditional Tibetan medicineC.the number of participants at the conference and their nationalitiesD.the preparations made by the sponsors for the international conference Questions 12 and 13 are based on the following news.At the end of the news item , you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.12.The news item mainly concerns ___ in Hong Kong.A.Internet centresB.an IBM seminarC.e-governmentD.broadcasting13.The aims of the three policy objectives include all the following EXCEPT ___.A.improvement of government efficiencyB.promotion of e-commerceC.integration of service deliveryD.formulation of Digital 21 StrategyQuestions 14 and 15 are based on the following news .At the end of the news item , you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.14.Which of the following records was the second best time of the year by Donovan Bailey?A.9.98.B.9.80.C.9.91.D.9.95.15.The record shows that Bailey was ___.A.still suffering from an injuryB.getting back in shapeC.unable to compete with GreeneD.less confident than beforePart Three 答案部分英语专业八级考试历年全真试卷2023录音文字材料、参考答案及具体解答听力原文PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALKThe first area in American urban history extended from the early 17th cent ury to about 1840.Throughout those years the total urban population remained sm all and so with the cities.At the first federal census in 1790, city dwellers made upnearly 5.1% of the total population and only two places had more than 25 ,000 inhabitants.Fifty years later only 10.8% of the national population fell i nto the urban category and only one city, New York, contained more than 250,000 rgely because of the unsophisticated modes of transportation, even the more populous places in the early 19th century remained small enough that peop le could easily walk from one end of the city to the other in those days.Though smaller in modern standards these walking cities, as it were, perfor med a variety of functions in those days.One was economic.Throughout thepre-mod ern era, this part of urban life remained so overwhelmingly commercial that almo st every city owed its development to trade.Yet city dwellers concerned themsel ves not only with promoting agricultural activities in their own areas, they als o collected and processed goods from these areas and distributed them to other c ities.From the beginning line and increasingly in the 18th and early 19th centu ries, cities served as centres of both commerce and simple manufacturing.Apart from the economical functions, the early cities also had important no n-economic functions to play.Since libraries, museums, schools and colleges wer e built and needed people to go there to visit or to study, cities and the large early towns with their concentration of population tended to serve as centres o feducational activities and as places from which information was spread to th e countryside.In addition, the town with people of different occupational, ethn ic, racial and religious affiliations became focuses of formal and informal organi zations which were set up to foster the security and to promote the interests an d influence of each group.In those days the pre-industrial city in America func tioned as a complex and varied organizing element in American life, not as a sim ple, heterogeneous and sturdy union.The variety of these early cities was reinforced by the nature of their loc ationand by the process of town spreading.Throughout the pre-industrial period of American history, the city occupied sites on the eastern portion of the the largely under-developed continent, and settlement on the countryside generally followed the expansion of towns in that region.The various interest groups in e ach city tended to compete with their counterparts in other cities for economic, social and political control first nearby and later more distant and larger are as.And always there remained the underdeveloped regions to be developed through the establishment of new towns by individuals and groups.These individuals and groups sought economic opportunities or looked for a better social, political o r religious atmosphere.In this sense, the cities better developed a succession of urban frontiers.While this kind of circumstance made Americans one o f the most prolific and self-conscious city-building peoples of their time, it d id not retard the steadily urbanizing society in the sense that decade by decade an ever larger proportion of the people lived in cities.In 1680 an estimated 9 to 10 percent of American colonists lived in urban s ettlements.A century later, that was the end of the 18th century, though 24 pla ces had 2500 persons or more, city dwellers accounted for only 5.1% of the total population.For the next thirty years, the proportion remained relatively stabl e and it was not until 1830 that the urban figure moved back up to the level of 1690.In short, as the number of cities increased after 1680, they sent large num bers of people into the countryside and their ratainers.Nonetheless the continuous movement of people into and out of the cities made life in the many but relativ ely small places lively and stimulating.SECTION B INTERVIEWM: I’m talking to Janet Holmes who has spent many years negotiating fo r several well-known national and multi-national companies.Hello, Janet.W: Hello.M: Now Janet, you’ve experienced and observed the negotiation strategies used by people from different countries and speakers of different languages. So befor e we comment on the differences, could I ask you to comment, first of all, on what such encounters have in common?W: OK, well, I’m just going to focus on the situations where people are speakin g English in international business situations.M: I see.Now, not every one speaks to the same degree of proficiency.Maybe tha t affects the situation.W: Yes, perhaps.But that is not always so significant.Well, because, I mean, n egotiations between business partners from different countries normally mean we have negotiations between individuals who belong to distinct cultural traditions M: Oh, I see.W: Well, every individual has a different way of performing various tasks in eve ryday life.M: Yes, but, but isn’t it the case that in the business negotiation, they must c ome together and work together to a certain extent.I mean, doesn’t that level up the style of, the style of differences or somewhat?W: Oh, I am not so sure.I mean there’re people in the so-called Western World w ho say that in the course of the past 30 or 40 years, there are a lot of things that have changed a great deal globally, and that as a consequence, national differences had diminished, giving way to some sort of international Amer icanized style.M: Yeah, I’ve heard that.Now some people say this Americanized style has acted as a model for local patterns.W: Maybe it has, maybe it hasn’t.Because on the one hand, there does appear to be a fairly unified even uniform style of doing business with certain basic pri nciples and preferences, you know, like “time is money”, that sort of thing.B ut at the same time, it is very important to remember the way all retain aspects of national characteristics.But it is the actual behaviour that we will talk a bout here.We shouldn’t be too quick to generalize that to national characteris tic and stylistic type.It doesn’t help much.M: Yeah. You mentioned Americanized style.What is particular about American st yle of business bargaining or negotiating?W: Well, I’ve noticed that, for example, when Americans negotiate with people f rom Brazil, the American negotiators make their points in a direct, sophistical way.M: I see.W: While Brazilians make their points in a more indirect way.M: How?W: Let me give you an example.Brazilian importers look at people they’re talki n g to straight in the eyes a lot.They spend time on what some people thinks to b e background information.They seem to be more indirect.M: Then, what about the American negotiators?W: American style of negotiating, on the other hand, is far more like that of point-making; first point, second point, third point, and so on.Now of course, th is isn’t the only way in which one can negotiate and there’s absolutely no reason why t his should be considered as the best way to negotiate.M: Right.Americans seem to have a different style, say, even from the British, do n’t they?W: Exactly, which just show how careful you must be about generalizing.I mean,how about asking you explain how the American negotiators are seen as informal, and so metimes much too open.For British eyes, Americans are too direct even blunt.M: Is that so?W: Yeah, at the same time, the British too. German negotiators can appear direc t and uncompromising in the negotiations, and yet if you experience Germans and Americans negotiating together, it often is the Americans who are too blunt for the German negotiators.M: Fascinating! So people from different European countries use different styles , don’t they?W: That’s right.M: OK.So what about the Japanese then? I mean, is their style different from th e Americans and Europeans?W: Oh, well, yes, of course.Many Europeans nod its extreme politeness of their Japanese counterpart, the way they avoid giving the slightest defense, you know. They’re also very reserved to people they don’t know well.At the first meeti ng s American colleagues have difficulties in finding the right approach sometimes. But then when you meet the Japanese negotiators again, this initial impression tends to disappear.But it is perhaps true to say the average Japanese business person does choose his or her words really very carefully.M: So can we say that whatever nationalities you are dealing with, you need to r emember that different nationalities negotiate in different ways?W: Well it’s perhaps more helpful to bear in mind that different people behave i n negotiating in different ways.And you shouldn’t assume that everyone will be have in the same way that you do.M: Right.It is definitely a very useful tip for our businessman who often negot iatewith their overseas partners, OK, Janet, thank you very much for talking wi th us. W: Pleasure.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item 1(For Question 11)The first International Tibetan Traditional Medicine Conference will be hel d July 15th to 17th in Lasa, capital city of Tibet autonomous region.China’s E thnic Medicine Institute, Tibetan Bureau and Tibetan Medical College will co-hos t the conference.The conference has received more than 500 research papers from China and abroad. The organizing committee primarily selected 290 articles to be discussed at the conference.More than 50 foreign guests from the United States, Russia, Britain, India, Germany, France, Italy and Nepal will attend themeeting .The China mainland has sent a delegation consisting of 250 Tibetan medicine expe rts to the conference.News Item 2(For Questions 12-13)The government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region was actively adopting information technology and building an electronic government, a senior Hong Kong official said yesterday.This is an integral part of Hong Kong’s Digi t al 21 Strategy formulated in 1998 to make Hong Kong both a regional and world-wi de internet centre, said Carrion, secretary for information technology and broad casting.She outlined three policy objectives in developing an E-government in H ong Kong at the IBM Asian E-government Executive Seminar.The first policy objec tive is to develop an electronic and peopleless government so as to improve the efficiency,cost-effectiveness and quality of public service.The second is to p romote the wide adoption of E-commence with the government setting a leading exa mple.The third is, through the E-government program, to integrate service deliv ery across motorable departments and agencies.News Item 3(For Questions 14-15)Canadian Olympic 100-meter champion Donovan Bailey showed he was on his w ay back to top form on Tuesday by winning the 100-meters at the athletic mee ting in Switzerland in the time of 9.98 seconds.Despite unfavorable windy co nditions, Bailey recorded the second best time of the year short of the 9.91 se t by double world champion Moris Greene of the United States on May 13th in Noso ka, Japan.“I would have run 9.80 if I’d really pushed myself.”said Bailey , 1 996 Olympic and 1995 world champion.The Canadian has been fighting for form since before the Sidney Olympics, following a long-term injury which resulted in a disappo inting series of starts in the season.SECTION D NOTE-TAKING AND GAP-FILLINGStudy Activities in UniversityGood morning, today we’ll look at some study activities carried out in universi t y.As we know, students in colleges or universities are expected to master some academic materials that are fairly difficult to understand.However, some of the m find it hard to learn some complex, abstract or unfamiliar subject matters.As a result, a central problem in higher education is how to internalize academic k nowledge, that is how to make knowledge your own.In order to do so we must conv ert knowledge from being other’s knowledge to being part of our own way of think ing.Then how are we going to do it? What’s the means available to help us in t h e process of learning? There are four key study activities currently used in hig her education to encourage students to internalize knowledge.They are the ones we are familiar with: writing essays, going to classes and seminars, having indi vidual tutorials and listening to lectures.The four activities are long-establi shed features of our higher education, and they are as important now as they wer e a hundred years ago.Now let’s look at the features of them one by one.First, essay writing.The central focus of university work, especially in h umanities, for example in literature, history or politics, is on students’prod u cing regular essays or papers which summarize and express their personal underst anding of the topic.Then what is good about essay writing? Firstly, writing ess ays forces you to select what you find interesting in books and journals and to express your understanding in the coherent form.Individual written work also pr ovides teachers with the best available guide to how you are progressing in the s ubject, and allows them to give advice on how to develop your strengths or count eract your stly, of course, individual written work is still the b asis of almost all assessment in higher education.Written assignments familiari ze you with the form your exams will take.The second key activity in colleges and universities is seminars and class discussions.Their role is to help you to internalize academic knowledge by pro viding such contexts so that you can talk about such difficult problems as the treatment of inflation and the unemployment in economic policy or the use of the metaphors in Shakespeare’s plays.Talking is more active than written work.In conversation you know immediately how effective you are in expressing your point and can modify what you are saying in response to people’s reaction s .In addition, a normal program of between 10 to 25 classes covers far more topic s than one subject.Thenyou can hope to manage your written work.Participating in flexible conversations across this range of issues also allows you to practi se using the broader knowledge gained from other key activities such as lecturesNow let’s take a look at another activity, individual tutorials.Discussi o ns between the teacher and one or two students are used in many colleges as a su bstitute for or supplement to group discussion in classes like those mentioned b efore. Tutorials can range from direct explanation by teachers and are subject to flexible conversational sessions which at their best are very effective in stimu lating students’mastery of a body of knowledge.The one-to-one quality of the pe r sonal interaction is very important in stimulating acceptance of ideas and produ cing fruitful interaction. In order to make individual tutorial really work, st udents should make good preparation beforehand, and during the tutorial they als o should ask questions to keep the ball rolling rather than let the teachers tal k the vacuum.The last activity is lectures.As we all know, lectures play a large part o f most students’timetable and occupy considerable proportion of teachers’eff orts.However the major difficulty with lectures is that they are not interactive like discussions or tutorials.The lecturer normally talks for the whole time wi th minimal feed-back from questions.The science and making notes and the lecture while-con centrating on the argument being developed is often difficult to some students, especially when the argument is very complicated.We have said that lectures are clearly valuable in several specific ways.They can provide a useful overview i n every map, as it were, to familiarize you with the mainland features to be enc ountered during the course.Lectures typically give much more accessible descrip tions of theoretical perspectives in their oral presentations than can be found in the academic literature.Whenever there is a rapid pace of progress in theory or practice, lectures play an indispensable part in letting students know the d evelopmentimmediately, usually several years before the new material is include d in stly lectures are often very useful in allowing you to see dir ectly how exponents of different views build up their arguments.The cues provid ed by someone talking in person may seem irrelevant, but these cues are i mportant aids to understanding the subject matter better later.So far we’ve discussed four study activities and their respective features and roles in higher education.Of course study activities are not limited to jus t these four types.They’re other activities that are equally important, such, a s general reading, project learning, etc.We will cover them during our next lecture.答案与详解PAPER ONEPART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALK1.答案: B【问句译文】根据该短文, 十八、十九世纪城市小的因素是什么？【试题分析】本题为细节理解题。
英语专业八级考试模拟试题（二）（2）
PART III READING COMPREHENSIONS In this section there are four reading passages followed by fifteen multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your Answer Sheet. TEXT A Such joy. It was the spring of 1985, and President Reagan had just given Mother Teresa the Medal of Freedom in a Rose Garden ceremony. As she left, she walked down the corridor between the Oval Office and the West Wing drive, and there she was, turning my way. What a sight: a saint in a sari coming down the White House hall. As she came nearer, I could not help it: I bowed. "Mother", I said, "I just want to touch your hand." She looked up at me —— it may have been one of Gods subtle jokes that his exalted child spent her life looking up to everyone else —— and said only two words. Later I would realize that they were the message of her mission. "Luff Gott," she said. Love God. She pressed into my hand a poem she had written, as she glided away in a swoosh of habit. I took the poem from its frame the day she died. It is free verse, 79 lines, and is called "Mothers Meditation (in the Hospital)." In it she reflects on Christs question to his apostles: "Who do you say I am?" She notes that he was the boy born in Bethlehem," put in the manager full of straw…… kept warm by the breath of the donkey," who grew up to be "an ordinary man without much learning." Donkeys are not noble; straw is common; and it was among the ordinary and ignoble, the poor and sick, that she chose to labor. Her mission was for them and among them, and you have to be a pretty tough character to organize a little universe that exists to help people other people arent interested in helping. Thats how she struck me when I met her as I watched her life. She was tough. There was the worn and weathered face, the abrupt and definite speech. We think saints are great organizers, great operators, great combatants in the world. Once I saw her in a breathtaking act of courage. She was speaker at the National Prayer Breakfast in Washington in 1995. All the Washington Establishment was there, plus a few thousand born-again Christians, orthodox Catholics and Jews, and searchers looking for a faith. Mother Teresa was introduced, and she spoke of God, of love, of families. She said we must love one another and care for one another. There were great purrs of agreement. But as the speech continued it became more pointed. She asked, "Do you do enough to make sure your parents, in the old peoples homes, feel your love? Do you bring then each day your joy and caring?" The baby boomers in the audience began to shift in their seats. And she continued. "I feel that the greatest destroyer of peace today is abortion," she said, and then she told them why, in uncompromising term. For about 1.3 seconds there was complete silence, then applause built and swept across the room. But not everyone: the President and the First Lady, the Vice President and Mrs. Gore, looked like seated statues at Madame Tussauds, glistening in the lights and moving not a muscle. She didnt stop there either, but went on to explain why artificial birth control is bad and why Protestants who separate faith from works are making a mistake. When she was finished, there was almost no one she hadnt offended. A US Senator turned to his wife and said, "Is my jaw up yet?" Talk about speaking truth to power! But Mother Teresa didnt care, and she wasnt afraid. The poem she gave me included her personal answers to Christs question. She said he is "the Truth to be told…… the Way to be walked…… the Light to be lit." She took her own advice and lived a whole life that showed it. 36. Who was the exalted child? A) Mother Teresa. B) the author. C) I. D) God. 37. Who raised the question "who do you say I am?" A) the apostle. B) Christ. C) Mother Teresa. D) she. 38. Which of the following is not a quality of Mother Teresa? A) tough. B) definite. C) ethereal. D) like a steam-roller. 39. Why did the President and the First Lady, the Vice President and Mrs. Gore look like seated statues at the Madame Tussaud's? A) Because they didn't love Madame Tussaud. B) Because they didn't like to move. C) Because they were VIP. D) Because they didn't quite agree with Mother Teresa over the issue of abortion. 40. According to Mother Teresa, abortion is ____ A) one of Protestant works. B) one of Protestant faith. C) one of the Truths. D) not one of Protestant works TEXT B Since the Titanic vanished beneath the frigid waters of the North Atlantic 85 years ago, nothing in the hundreds of booksand films about the ship has ever hinted at a connection to Japan —— until now. Director James Camerons 200 million epic Titanic premiered at the Tokyo International Film Festival last Saturday. Among the audience for a glimpse of Hollywoods costliest film ever descendants of the liners only Japanese survivor. The newly rediscovered diary of Masabumi Hosono has Titanic enthusiasts in a frenzy. The document is scrawled in 4,300 Japanese character on a rare piece of RMS Titanic stationery. Written as the Japanese bureaucrat steamed to safety in New York aboard the ocean liner Carpathia, which rescued 706 survivors, the account and other documents released by his grandchildren last week offer a fresh —— and poignant —— reminder of the emotional wreckage left by the tragedy. Hosono, then 42 and an official at Japans Transportation Ministry, was studying railway networks in Europe. He boarded the Titanic in Southampton, en route home via the US. According to Hosonos account, he was awakened by a "loud knock" on the door of his second-class deck with the steerage passengers. Hosono tried to race back upstairs, but a sailor blocked his way. The Japanese feigned ignorance and pushed past. He arrived on deck to find lifeboats being lowered into darkness, flares bursting over the ship and an eerie human silence. He wrote:" Not a single passenger would howl or scream." Yet Hosono was screaming inside. Women were being taken to lifeboats and men held back at gunpoint. "I tried to prepare myself for the last moment with no agitation, making up my mind not to do anything disgraceful as a Japanese," he wrote. "But still I found myself looking for and waiting for any possible chance of survival." Then an officer shouted, "Room for two more!" Hosono recalled:" I myself was deep in desolate thought that I would no more be able to see my beloved wife and children." Then he jumped into the boat. When Hosono arrived in Tokyo two months later, he was met with suspicion that he had survived at someone elses expense. The culture of shame was especially strong in prewar Japan. In the face of rumors and bad press, Hosono was dismissed from his post in 1914. He worked at the office part-time until retiring in 1923. His grandchildren say he never mentioned the Titanic again before his death in 1939. Even then, shame continued to haunt the family. In newspapers, letters and even a school textbook, Hosono was denounced as a disgrace to Japan. Readers Digest reopened the wound in 1956 with an abridged Japanese version of Walter Loads best seller. A Night to remember, which described "Anglo-Saxons" as acting bravely on the Titanic, while "Frenchmen, Italians, Americans, Japanese and Chinese were disgraceful." Citing his fathers diary, one of Hosonos sons, Hideo, launched a letter-writing campaign to restore the family name. But nobody in Japan seemed to care. The diary resurfaced last summer. A representative for a US foundation that plans to hold an exhibition of Titanic artifacts in Japan next August found Hosonos name on a passenger list. A search led him to Haruomi Hosono, a well-known composer, and to his cousin Yuruoi, Hideos daughter. She revealed that she had her grandfathers dairy as well as a collection of his letters and postcards. "I was floored," says Michael Findley, cofounder of the Titanic International Society in the US "This is a fantastic, fresh new look at the sinking and the only one written on Titanic stationery immediately after the disaster." The information allows enthusiasts to rearrange some historical minutes, such as which lifeboat Hosono jumped into. More chilling, the account confirms that the crew tried to keep foreigners and third-class passengers on the ships lower deck, effectively ensuring their name. The diary cannot correct injustice, but Hosonos family hopes it will help clear his name. The Titanic foundation also hopes to capitalize on the diary and the movie to promote its upcoming exhibition. To that end, Haruomi Hosono, the composer, has been asked to give a talk at next months public premiere of Titanic! The diary cannot, of course, match Camerons fictionalized epic for drama and intrigue. But at least Masabumi Hosonos tale really happened. 41. ______ was among the descendants of the Liner's only Japanese survivor. A) Masabumi Hosono. B) Yuriko. C) Cameron. D) RMS. 42. Why was Masabumi denounced as a disgrace to Japan? A) Because he killed some people on the Titanic. B) Because he was then an official. C) Because he was dismissed from his ministry post. D) Because the culture of shame was too strong. 43. What important role did the diary really play? A) It corrected injustice. B) It was as vivid as the movie "Titanic". C) It proved what Masabumi said was true. D) It made the Japanese believe what Masabumi had said.。
英语专业八级试卷
英语专业八级试卷一、听力理解（35分）（一）Mini - lecture（10分）题目：The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Language Learning。
Fill in the blanks according to what you hear.The development of artificial intelligence has brought significant changes to language learning. AI - based language learning tools canprovide (1) _personalized_ learning experiences. For example, they can analyze learners' (2) _strengths and weaknesses_ and offer tailored study plans.These tools also offer a wide range of learning resources, such as (3) _interactive exercises_ and real - life language examples. Moreover, AI can simulate (4) _conversational partners_, which helps learners improve their speaking skills.However, there are also some challenges. One concern is the (5)_accuracy_ of the language models. Sometimes, they may generate incorrector inappropriate responses. Another issue is that over - reliance on AItools may lead to a lack of (6) _independent thinking_ in language learning.In conclusion, while AI has great potential in language learning, learners should use it (7) _wisely_ and combine it with traditionallearning methods.（二）Listening Comprehension（25分）Section A（15分）There are three news items in this section. Listen to each item carefully and answer the questions that follow.News Item 1.1. What is the main topic of this news item?A. A new scientific discovery.B. A political event.C. An environmental issue.2. Where did the event take place?A. In Asia.B. In Europe.C. In America.News Item 2.3. What has been announced by the company?A. A new product launch.B. A job cut.C. A merger.4. How will this announcement affect the employees?A. They will get a pay raise.B. Some of them may lose their jobs.C. They will have more working hours.News Item 3.5. What is the purpose of the new policy?A. To promote tourism.B. To protect local culture.C. To control population growth.6. What are the main measures of the policy?A. Restricting the number of visitors.B. Offering more cultural events.C. Building more hotels.Section B（10分）You will hear a conversation between a student and a professor. Listen carefully and answer the questions.1. Why did the student come to see the professor?A. To discuss a course assignment.B. To ask for a letter of recommendation.C. To complain about a grade.2. What is the student's main concern about the assignment?A. The topic is too difficult.B. He doesn't have enough time.C. He doesn't understand the requirements.3. What does the professor suggest the student do?A. Change the topic.B. Read more reference books.C. Ask for help from classmates.4. When is the assignment due?A. Next week.B. In two weeks.C. At the end of the semester.5. What will the student do next?A. Start working on the assignment immediately.B. Go to the library to find books.C. Talk to his classmates.二、阅读理解（30分）（一）Multiple - choice Questions（14分）Read the following passage and answer the questions.Passage 1.The Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, learn, and do business. It has made information more accessible than ever before. However, it also brings some problems. One of the major issues is the spread offalse information.With the ease of sharing information on the Internet, anyone can post something without proper verification. This has led to the proliferation of fake news, which can have a significant impact on society. For example, false information about a company can cause its stock price to drop, or misinformation about a political candidate can influence an election.Another problem is privacy. As we use various online services, our personal information is often collected and sometimes misused. Companies may sell our data to third parties without our consent, which poses athreat to our privacy.1. What is the main idea of this passage?A. The advantages of the Internet.B. The problems caused by the Internet.C. The development of the Internet.2. According to the passage, what can fake news do?A. Improve a company's reputation.B. Increase a stock price.C. Influence an election.3. What is a threat to our privacy according to the passage?A. Using the Internet.B. Companies misusing our personal data.C. Sharing information online.（二）Short - answer Questions（16分）Read the following passage and answer the questions in no more than 10 words each.Passage 2.The concept of sustainable development has gained increasing attention in recent years. It aims to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.One of the key aspects of sustainable development is environmental protection. This includes reducing pollution, conserving natural resources, and protecting biodiversity. Another aspect is social development, which involves improving people's living standards, education, and health.Economic development is also an important part of sustainable development. However, it should be achieved in a way that is environmentally and socially sustainable.1. What is the aim of sustainable development?2. What are the key aspects of it?3. How should economic development be achieved?三、语言知识（15分）（一）Error Correction（10分）The following passage contains ten errors. Identify and correct them.In modern society, the importance of education are widely recognized. Education not only imparts knowledge but also shape a person's character. A well - educated individual is more likely to contribute to society in positive ways.However, there are still some problems in the education system. One problem is that the curriculum is often too theoretical, lacking of practical applications. Another issue is that some students do not receive equal educational opportunities due to their family background or geographical location.To solve these problems, governments should invest more in education, especially in rural areas. Teachers should also be trained to improve their teaching methods, make the classroom more interesting and effective.（二）Word Formation（5分）Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the given words.1. (create) - The artist's _creativity_ is shown in his unique paintings.2. (lead) - A good _leader_ should be able to inspire his team.3. (decide) - His _decision - making_ ability is very important in this project.四、翻译（15分）（一）汉译英（8分）中国的茶文化源远流长。
英语专业八级考试全真试题测验～.docx
英语专业八级考试全真试题测验〜英语专业八级考试全真试题测验TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS-GRADEEIGHT-PARTILISTENINGC0MPREHENSI0N(30MIN)SECTIONAMINI-LECTUREInt hissec ti onyouwillhearaniini-lecture・ YouwillhearthelectureONCEONLY. Whilelistenin g,ta kenotesonth eimportantp oints.Yourn oteswillnotbemarked, bu llingtaskaf isover,youw tes, andanottyouwillneeterthemini—illbegiventhertenminutdthemtocomplecture・ Wheworninutestoestocompletlet ea.ga.p-fi nthelecturecheckyournoethegap-fillingtaskonA NSWERSHEETO NE. Usethebl anksheetfor note taking ・Writinga ResearchPap erI.Resea rchPapersan dOrdinaryEs sayA.Simi larityin(l) ____________ :e. g. —choosi nga to pic——as kingquestio ns—identi fyingtheaud ienceB.Di fferencemai nlyintermso f (2) _____________1.res earchpapers : printedsou rces2.ord inaryessay:ideasinone^ s (3) ______________II.Ty pesandChara cteristicso fResearchPa persA.Num berofbasict ypes: twoB.C haracterist ics:1.surve y—typepaper :—togathe r (4) _____________一toquot e—to (5) ______________Thewritersh ouldbe (6) _____________ ・2.argument ative (resea rch)paper:a.Thewrite rshoulddomo re, e. g・一toi nterpret—to question, et c.b.(7) __________ vari eswiththeto pic, e. g・一to recommend anaction, et c.III.How toChooseaTo picforaRese archPaperIn choosing;ato pic, it is impor tantto (8) _________ . Questi onNo. 1:your familiarity withthetopi cQuestion No. 2:Availa bilityofrel evantinformationonthec hosennbsp; t opicQuest ionNo. 3:Nar rowingthetopicdownto(9 ) ___________QuestionNo ・ 4:Askingqu estionsabou t (10) _________Theq uestionshel pustoworkoutopicanddis coveritspos sibilities. SECTIONBINT ER VIEW tiononyourc olouredansw ersheet.Q uestionslto 5a.reba.sedon aninterview . Attheendof theintervie wyouwillbeg ivenlOsecon dstoanswere achofthefol lowingfiveq uestions. No wlistentoth einterview.1. Whatist hepurposeof ProfessorMc Kay ，sreport ?A. Tolook intothement alhealthofo ldpeople ・twayintotheInt hissectionyouwillheare verythingON CEONLY ・ List encarefullyandthenansw erthequesti onsthatfoll ow. Marktheeorrectanswe rtoeachquesB.Toexplain whypeopleha venegativev iewsonoldag e.C.Tohel pcorrectsom efalsebelie fsaboutolda ge.D.Toid entifytheva riousproble msofoldage2.Whichoft hefollowing isNOTProfes sorMcKay' sv iew?A.Peo piechangein oldagealotm orethanatth eageof21.B.There 下一页英语专业八级考试全真试题测验areasmany sickpeoplei noldageasin middleage・C.Weshould notexpectmo rephysicali llnessamong oldpeople・D.Weshould notexpectto f indoldpeop leunattract iveasagroup ・3.Accord ingtoProfes sorMcKay' sr eport,A.f amilyloveis graduallydi sappearing・E・ itishar dtocommento nfamilyfeel ing・C.mor echildrenar eindifferen ttotheirpar ents・D.fa milyloverem ainsasstron gasever・ nbs p；4.Profe ssorMcKayis _____________ tow ardsthetend encyofmorep arentslivin gapartfromt heirchildre n.A.negativ eE.positiveC.ambiguousD.neutral5.Theonlypo pularbelief thatProfess orMcKayisun abletoprovi deevidencea gainstisA. o ld—agesickn ess・E.loose familyties.C.poormen talabilitie s.D.diff i culitiesinm aths・SECT IONCNEWSBRO ADCASTInt hissectiony ouwillheare verythingON CEONLY・ List encarefully andthenansw erthequestionsthatfoll ow. Markthee orrectanswe rtoeachques tiononyourc olouredansw ersheet・Q uestion6isb asedonthefo llowingnews . Attheendof thenewsitem ,youwillbeg ivenlOsecon dstoanswert hequestion. Nowlistento thenews・6 ・ Scientists inBrazilhav eusedfrogsk intoA. elimi natebacteri a.E.treatbu rns・C. Speed uprecovery.D. reducet reatmentcos t.Questio n7isbasedon thefollowin gnews・ Atthe endofthenew sitem, youwi llbegivenlO secondstoan swertheques tion. Nowlis tentothenew s. amp;bsp;7.W hatisNO Tafeatureof thenewkarao kemachine?A. Itisfeat uredbyhight echnology.It allows youtoimitat efamoussing ers ・C. Itc anautomatic allyalterth etempoandto neofasong・D. Itcanbep lacedinspec iallydesign edthemeroom s.Questio n8isbasedon thefollowin gnews・Atthe endofthenew sitem, youwi llbegivenlO secondstoan swertheques tion. Nowlis tentothenew s.8.C hina ，slnternetu sershadreac hednbsp; _________________ b ythe endofJune・A . 68millionB ・ 8.9millionC.lOmillionD.1. 5millio nQuestion 9andl0areba sedonthefol lowingnews・Attheendoft henewsitem, youwillbegi ven20second stoanswerth equestion. N owlistentot henews・9.Accordingto theWTO, Chin eseexportsr ose ____________ lastyear・A.21%B.10%C.22%D.4. 7310.Accordin gtothenews, whichtradin gnationinth etoplOhasre porteda5per centfalline xports?A.Th eUK.B.TheUS .C.Japan・。
专业英语八级考试全真试卷参考答案
专业英语八级考试全真试卷参考答案听力原文PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALKThe World Bank is one of the major channels through which development aid i s passed from industrial west to the poor and developing nations of the world. I ts scale of operations is vast, which is why its lending program exceeds 7 billi on a year, and its work force numbers about 4500. In the last decade important c hanges have taken place in the size of the bank’s operations and in the emphasi s of its lending policies. What immediately strikes anyone looking at the lending figures over the last 10 years is the tremendous expansion in the bank’s loan p rogram. This has increased from 1 billion to nearly 7 billion. The figure includ es hard loans, which are made at the current rate of interest, and soft loans, w hich are allocated to poor countries at concessionary rates, and usually channel led through the bank’s affiliate—the International Development Association.In deciding the emphasis of its lending policy, the bank has had to take i nto account the population explosion which is occuring in many poor countries of the world. It is a fact that the fertility rate of the poor countries is often very high. This is one of the main reasons for these countries remaining poor. U nfortunately, wide-ranging country sectionprograms do not usually reduce this r ate because this was a strong and deeply rooted tradition among people in these countries to have big families. What the bank discovered was that there was a li nk between economic and social development on the one hand, and reduction of fer tility rate on the other. Thus by improving basic health services, by introducin g better nutrition, by increasing literacy, and by promoting more even income di stribution in a poor country, a lower and more acceptable fertility rate will be achieved. This advanced thinking persuaded the bank to change its overall lend ing strategy,(略,内容不完整，给你带来的困扰请见谅．)PAPER ONEPART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALK答案：A【问句译文】世界银行运行系统变大系统的变化指的是什么？【试题分析】本题为细节题。
英语专业八级考试全真试卷
2002年英语专业八级考试全真试卷试卷一(95 min)Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (40 min)In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your Coloured Answer Sheet.SECTION A TALKQuestions 1 to 5 refer to the talk in this section .At the end of the talk you w ill be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the talk.1. According to the passage, during the 18th and 19th centuries cities we are small in size mainly because ___.A. the urban population was stableB. few people lived in citiesC. transport was backwardD. it was originally planned2. Cities survived in those days largely as a result of ___.A. the trade activities they undertookB. the agricultural activities in the nearby areasC. their relatively small sizeD. the non-economic roles they played3. City dwellers were engaged in all the following economic activities EX CEPT ___.A. commerceB. distributionC. processingD. transportation4. Urban people left cities for the following reasons EXCEPT ___.A. more economic opportunitiesB. a freer social and political environmentC. more educational opportunitiesD. a more relaxed religious environment5. Why did the early cities fail to grow as quickly as expected through out the 18th century?A. Because the countryside attracted more people.B. Because cities did not increase in number.C. Because the functions of the cities changed.D. Because the number of city people was stable.SECTION B INTERVIEWQuestions 6 to 10 are based on an interview .At the end of the interview you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview.6. According to Janet, the factor that would most affect negotiations is ___.A. English language proficiencyB. different cultural practicesC. different negotiation tasksD. the international Americanized style7. Janet’s attitude towards the Americanized style as a model for business negotiations is ___.A. supportiveB. negativeC. ambiguousD. cautious8. Which of the following can NOT be seen as a difference between Brazilian and American negotiators?A. Americans prepare more points before negotiations.B. Americans are more straightforward during negotiations.C. Brazilians prefer more eye contact during negotiations.D. Brazilians seek more background information.9. Which group of people seems to be the most straightforward?A. The British.B. Germans.C. Americans.D. Not mentioned.10. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Japanese negotiators?A. Reserved.B. Prejudiced.C. Polite.D. Prudent.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestion 11 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.11. The news item is mainly about ___.A. a call for research papers to be read at the conferenceB. an international conference on traditional Tibetan medicineC. the number of participants at the conference and their nationalitiesD. the preparations made by the sponsors for the international conference Questions 12 and 13 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item , you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.12. The news item mainly concerns ___ in Hong Kong.A. Internet centresB. an IBM seminarC. e-governmentD. broadcasting13. The aims of the three policy objectives include all the following EXCEPT ___.A. improvement of government efficiencyB. promotion of e-commerceC. integration of service deliveryD. formulation of Digital 21 Strategy Questions 14 and 15 are based on the following news .At the end of the news item , you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.14. Which of the following records was the second best time of the year by Donovan Bailey?A.9.98.B.9.80.C.9.91.D.9.95.15. The record shows that Bailey was ___.A. still suffering from an injuryB. getting back in shapeC. unable to compete with GreeneD. less confident than beforePart Three 答案部分英语专业八级考试历年全真试卷2002录音文字材料、参考答案及详细解答听力原文PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALKThe first area in American urban history extended from the early 17th cent ury to about 1840. Throughout those years the total urban population remained sm all and so with the cities. At the first federal census in 1790, city dwellers made up nearly 5.1% of the total population and only two places had more than 25 ,000 inhabitants. Fifty years later only 10.8% of the national population fell i nto the urban category and only one city, New York, contained more than 250,000 people. Largely because of the unsophisticated modes of transportation, even the more populous places in the early 19th century remained small enough that peop le could easily walk from one end of the city to the other in those days.Though smaller in modern standards these walking cities, as it were, perfor med a variety of functions in those days. One was economic. Throughout thepre-mod ern era, this part of urban life remained so overwhelmingly commercial that almo st every city owed its development to trade. Yet city dwellers concerned themsel ves not only with promoting agricultural activities in their own areas, they als o collected and processed goods from these areas and distributed them to other c ities. From the beginning line and increasingly in the 18th and early 19th centu ries, cities served as centres of both commerce and simple manufacturing.Apart from the economical functions, the early cities also had important no n-economic functions to play. Since libraries, museums, schools and colleges wer e built and needed people to go there to visit or to study, cities and the large early towns with their concentration of population tended to serve as centres o feducational activities and as places from which information was spread to th e countryside. In addition, the town with people of different occupational, ethn ic,racial and religious affiliations became focuses of formal and informal organi zations which were set up to foster the security and to promote the interests an d influence of each group. In those days the pre-industrial city in America func tioned as a complex and varied organizing element in American life, not as a sim ple, heterogeneous and sturdy union.The variety of these early cities was reinforced by the nature of their loc ation and by the process of town spreading. Throughout the pre-industrial period of American history, the city occupied sites on the eastern portion of the the largely under-developed continent, and settlement on the countryside generally followed the expansion of towns in that region. The various interest groups in e ach city tended to compete with their counterparts in other cities for economic, social and political control first nearby and later more distant and larger are as. And always there remained the underdeveloped regions to be developed through the establishment of new towns by individuals and groups. These individuals and groups sought economic opportunities or looked for a better social, political o r religious atmosphere. In this sense, the cities better developed a succession of urban frontiers. While this kind of circumstance made Americans one o f the most prolific and self-conscious city-building peoples of their time, it d id not retard the steadily urbanizing society in the sense that decade by decade an ever larger proportion of the people lived in cities.In 1680 an estimated 9 to 10 percent of American colonists lived in urban s ettlements. A century later, that was the end of the 18th century, though 24 pla ces had 2500 persons or more, city dwellers accounted for only 5.1% of the total population. For the next thirty years, the proportion remained relatively stabl e and it was not until 1830 that the urban figure moved back up to the level of 1690.In short, as the number of cities increased after 1680, they sent large num bers of people into the countryside and their ratainers. Nonetheless the continuous movement of people into and out of the cities made life in the many but relativ ely small places lively and stimulating.SECTION B INTERVIEWM: I’m talking to Janet Holmes who has spent many years negotiating fo r several well-known national and multi-national companies. Hello, Janet.W: Hello.M：Now Janet, you’ve experienced and observed the negotiation strategies used by people from different countries and speakers of different languages. So befor e we comment on the differences, could I ask you to comment, first of all, on what such encounters have in common?W：OK, well, I’m just going to focus on the situations where people are speakin g English in international business situations.M: I see. Now, not every one speaks to the same degree of proficiency. Maybe tha t affects the situation.W: Yes, perhaps. But that is not always so significant. Well, because, I mean, n egotiations between business partners from different countries normally mean we have negotiations between individuals who belong to distinct cultural traditions M: Oh, I see.W: Well, every individual has a different way of performing various tasks in eve ryday life.M: Yes, but, but isn’t it the case that in the business negotiation, they must c ome together and work together to a certain extent. I mean, doesn’t that level up thestyle of, the style of differences or somewhat?W: Oh, I am not so sure. I mean there’re people in the so-called Western World w ho say that in the course of the past 30 or 40 years, there are a lot of things that have changed a great deal globally, and that as a consequence, national differences had diminished, giving way to some sort of international Amer icanized style.M: Yeah, I’ve heard that. Now some people say this Americanized style has acted as a model for local patterns.W: Maybe it has, maybe it hasn’t. Because on the one hand, there does appear to be a fairly unified even uniform style of doing business with certain basic pri nciples and preferences, you know, like “time is money”, that sort of thing. B ut at the same time, it is very important to remember the way all retain aspects of national characteristics. But it is the actual behaviour that we will talk a bout here. We shouldn’t be too quick to generalize that to national characteris tic and stylistic type. It doesn’t help much.M: Yeah. You mentioned Americanized style. What is particular about American st yle of business bargaining or negotiating?W: Well, I’ve noticed that, for example, when Americans negotiate with people f rom Brazil, the American negotiators make their points in a direct, sophistical way.M: I see.W: While Brazilians make their points in a more indirect way.M: How?W: Let me give you an example. Brazilian importers look at people they’re talki n g to straight in the eyes a lot. They spend time on what some people thinks to b e background information. They seem to be more indirect.M: Then, what about the American negotiators?W: American style of negotiating, on the other hand, is far more like that of point-making; first point, second point, third point, and so on. Now of course, th is isn’t the only way in which one can negotiate and there’s absolutely no reason why t his should be considered as the best way to negotiate.M: Right. Americans seem to have a different style, say, even from the British, do n’t they?W: Exactly, which just show how careful you must be about generalizing. I mean, how about asking you explain how the American negotiators are seen as informal, and so metimes much too open. For British eyes, Americans are too direct even blunt.M: Is that so?W: Yeah, at the same time, the British too. German negotiators can appear direc t and uncompromising in the negotiations, and yet if you experience Germans and Americans negotiating together, it often is the Americans who are too blunt for the German negotiators.M: Fascinating! So people from different European countries use different styles , don’t they?W: That’s right.M: OK. So what about the Japanese then? I mean, is their style different from th e Americans and Europeans?W: Oh, well, yes, of course. Many Europeans nod its extreme politeness of their Japanese counterpart, the way they avoid giving the slightest defense, you know. They’re also very reserved to people they don’t know well. At the first meeti ng s American colleagues have difficulties in finding the right approach sometimes. Butthen when you meet the Japanese negotiators again, this initial impression tends to disappear. But it is perhaps true to say the average Japanese business person does choose his or her words really very carefully.M: So can we say that whatever nationalities you are dealing with, you need to r emember that different nationalities negotiate in different ways?W: Well it’s perhaps more helpful to bear in mind that different people behave i n negotiating in different ways. And you shouldn’t assume that everyone will be have in the same way that you do.M: Right. It is definitely a very useful tip for our businessman who often negot iate with their overseas partners, OK, Janet, thank you very much for talking wi th us.W: Pleasure.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item 1(For Question 11)The first International Tibetan Traditional Medicine Conference will be hel d July 15th to 17th in Lasa, capital city of Tibet autonomous region. China’s E thnic Medicine Institute, Tibetan Bureau and Tibetan Medical College will co-hos t the conference. The conference has received more than 500 research papers from China and abroad. The organizing committee primarily selected 290 articles to be discussed at the conference. More than 50 foreign guests from the United States, Russia, Britain, India, Germany, France, Italy and Nepal will attend the meeting . The China mainland has sent a delegation consisting of 250 Tibetan medicine expe rts to the conference.News Item 2(For Questions 12-13)The government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region was actively adopting information technology and building an electronic government, a senior Hong Kong official said yesterday. This is an integral part of Hong Kong’s Digi t al 21 Strategy formulated in 1998 to make Hong Kong both a regional and world-wi de internet centre, said Carrion, secretary for information technology and broad casting. She outlined three policy objectives in developing an E-government in H ong Kong at the IBM Asian E-government Executive Seminar. The first policy objec tive is to develop an electronic and peopleless government so as to improve the efficiency, cost-effectiveness and quality of public service. The second is to p romote the wide adoption of E-commence with the government setting a leading exa mple. The third is, through the E-government program, to integrate service deliv ery across motorable departments and agencies.News Item 3(For Questions 14-15)Canadian Olympic 100-meter champion Donovan Bailey showed he was on his w ay back to top form on Tuesday by winning the 100-meters at the athletic mee ting in Switzerland in the time of 9.98 seconds. Despite unfavorable windy co nditions, Bailey recorded the second best time of the year short of the 9. 91 se t by double world champion Moris Greene of the United States on May 13th in Noso ka, Japan. “I would have run 9. 80 if I’d really pushed myself. ” said Bailey , 1 996 Olympic and 1995 world champion. The Canadian has been fighting for form since before the Sidney Olympics, following a long-term injury which resulted in a disappo inting series of starts in the season.SECTION D NOTE-TAKING AND GAP-FILLINGStudy Activities in UniversityGood morning, today we’ll look at some study activities carried out in universi t y. As we know, students in colleges or universities are expected to master some academic materials that are fairly difficult to understand. However, some of the m find it hard to learn some complex, abstract or unfamiliar subject matters. As a result, a central problem in higher education is how to internalize academic k nowledge, that is how to make knowledge your own. In order to do so we must conv ert knowledge from being other’s knowledge to being part of our own way of thin k ing. Then how are we going to do it? What’s the means available to help us in t h e process of learning? There are four key study activities currently used in hig her education to encourage students to internalize knowledge. They are the ones we are familiar with: writing essays, going to classes and seminars, having indi vidual tutorials and listening to lectures. The four activities are long-establi shed features of our higher education, and they are as important now as they wer e a hundred years ago. Now let’s look at the features of them one by one.First, essay writing. The central focus of university work, especially in h umanities, for example in literature, history or politics, is on students’ prod u cing regular essays or papers which summarize and express their personal underst anding of the topic. Then what is good about essay writing? Firstly, writing ess ays forces you to select what you find interesting in books and journals and to express your understanding in the coherent form. Individual written work also pr ovides teachers with the best available guide to how you are progressing in the s ubject, and allows them to give advice on how to develop your strengths or count eract yourweaknesses. Lastly, of course, individual written work is still the b asis of almost all assessment in higher education. Written assignments familiari ze you with the form your exams will take.The second key activity in colleges and universities is seminars and class discussions. Their role is to help you to internalize academic knowledge by pro viding such contexts so that you can talk about such difficult problems as the treatment of inflation and the unemployment in economic policy or the use of the metaphors in Shakespeare’s plays. Talking is more active than written work. In conversation you know immediately how effective you are in expressing your point and can modify what you are saying in response to people’s reaction s . In addition，a normal program of between 10 to 25 classes covers far more topic s than one subject. Then you can hope to manage your written work. Participating in flexible conversations across this range of issues also allows you to practi se using the broader knowledge gained from other key activities such as lectures Now let’s take a look at another activity, individual tutorials. Discussi o ns between the teacher and one or two students are used in many colleges as a su bstitute for or supplement to group discussion in classes like those mentioned b efore. Tutorials can range from direct explanation by teachers and are subject to flexible conversational sessions which at their best are very effective in stimu lating students’ mastery of a body of knowledge. The one-to-one quality of the pe r sonal interaction is very important in stimulating acceptance of ideas and produ cing fruitful interaction. In order to make individual tutorial really work, st udents should make good preparation beforehand, and during the tutorial they als o should ask questions to keep the ball rolling rather than let the teachers tal k the vacuum.The last activity is lectures. As we all know, lectures play a large part o f most students’ timetable and occupy considerable proportion of teachers’ eff or ts. However the major difficulty with lectures is that they are not interactive like discussions or tutorials. The lecturer normally talks for the whole time wi th minimal feed-back from questions. The science and making notes and the lecture while-con centrating on the argument being developed is often difficult to some students, especially when the argument is very complicated. We have said that lectures are clearly valuable in several specific ways. They can provide a useful overview i n every map, as it were, to familiarize you with the mainland features to be enc ountered during the course. Lectures typically give much more accessible descrip tions of theoretical perspectives in their oral presentations than can be found in the academic literature. Whenever there is a rapid pace of progress in theory or practice, lectures play an indispensable part in letting students know the d evelopment immediately, usually several years before the new material is include d in textbooks. Lastly lectures are often very useful in allowing you to see dir ectly how exponents of different views build up their arguments. The cues provid ed by someone talking in person may seem irrelevant, but these cues are i mportant aids to understanding the subject matter better later.So far we’ve discussed four study activities and their respective features and roles in higher education. Of course study activities are not limited to jus t these four types. They’re other activities that are equally important, such, a s general reading, project learning, etc. We will cover them during our next lecture.答案与详解PAPER ONEPART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALK1.答案：B【问句译文】根据该短文，十八、十九世纪城市小的原因是什么？【试题分析】本题为细节理解题。
英语专业八级考试真题与答案(2)
英语专业八级考试真题与答案(2)Part2 Reading Comprehension (30min)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.Text AThe Welsh language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity, but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx. once widely spoken on the isle of Man but now extinct. Government financing and central planning, however, have helped reverse the decline of Welsh. Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English, and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europe’s regional languages, spoken by more than a half-million of the country’s three million people.The revival of the language, particularly among young people, is part of a resurgence of national identity sweeping through this small, proud nation. Last month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly, the first parliament to be convened here since 1404. The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom. With most of the people and wealth, England has always had bragging rights. The partial transferof legislative powers from Westminster, implemented by Tony Blair, was designed to give the other members of the club- Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales-a bigger say and to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution. Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly for a parliament, the vote for a Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout of less than 25 percent. Its powers were proportionately limited. The Assembly can decide how money from Westminster or the European Union is spent. It cannot, unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh, enact laws. But now that it is here, the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly. Many people would like it to have more powers. Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in 2003, of a new debating chamber, one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaport into a Baltimore-style waterfront city. Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from the European Union will tackle poverty. Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europe- only Spain, Portugal, and Greece have a lower standard of living.Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women, boosting self-esteem. To familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been added new icons such as Catherine Zeta-Jones, the movie star, and Bryn Terfel, the opera singer.Indigenous foods like salt marsh lamb are in vogue. And Wales now boasts a national airline. Awyr Cymru. Cymru, which means “land of compatriots,” is the Welsh name for Wales. The red dragon, the nation’s symbol since the time of King Arthur, is everywhere- on T-shirts, rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers.“Until very recent times most Welsh people had this feeling of being second-class citizens,” said Dyfan Jones, an 18-year-old student. It was a warm summer night, and I was sitting on the grass with a group of young people in Llanelli, an industrial town in the south, outside the rock music venue of the National Eisteddfod, Wales’s annual cultural festival. The disused factory in front of us echoed to the sounds of new Welsh bands.“There was almost a genetic tendency for lack of confidence,” Dyfan continued. Equally comfortable in his Welshness as in his membership in the English-speaking, global youth culture and the new federal Europe, Dyfan, like the rest of his generation, is growing up with a sense of possibility unimaginable ten years ago. “We used to think. We can’t do anything, we’re only Welsh. Now I think that’s changing.”11. According to the passage, devolution was mainly meant toA. maintain the present status among the nations.B. reduce legislative powers of England.C. c reate a better state of equality among the nations. √D. grant more say to all the nations in the union.12. The word “centrifugal” in the second paragraph meansA. separatist.√B. conventional.C. feudal.D. political13. Wales is different from Scotland in all the following aspects EXCEPTA. people’s desire for devolution.B. locals’turnout for the voting.C. powers of the legislative body.D. status of the national language.√14. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of the resurgence of Welsh national identityA. Welsh has witnessed a revival as a national language.B. Poverty-relief funds have come from the European Union.√C. A Welsh national airline is currently in operation.D. The national symbol has become a familiar sight.15. According to Dyfan Jones what has changed isA. people’s mentality. √B. pop culture.C. town’s appearance.D. possibilities for the people.。
英语专业8级试题及答案
英语专业8级试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. 根据所听内容，选择正确的答案。
A. 选项AB. 选项BC. 选项CD. 选项D[听力材料][问题][答案] B2. 根据对话内容，回答以下问题。
A. 问题1B. 问题2[听力材料][答案]A. 问题1的答案B. 问题2的答案二、阅读理解（共30分）1. 阅读以下文章，回答后面的问题。
[文章内容]A. 问题1B. 问题2A. 问题1的答案B. 问题2的答案2. 阅读第二篇文章，并完成以下任务。
[文章内容]A. 问题1B. 问题2[答案]A. 问题1的答案B. 问题2的答案三、词汇与语法（共20分）1. 选择适当的词汇填空。
[例句] The _______ of the building is impressive.A. scaleB. skillC. speedD. spirit[答案] A2. 根据语法规则，选择正确的选项。
[例句] _______ he is very young, he is very knowledgeable.A. ThoughB. SinceC. BecauseD. Unless四、翻译（共20分）1. 将以下句子从英语翻译成中文。
[英文句子][答案] [中文翻译]2. 将以下句子从中文翻译成英语。
[中文句子][答案] [英文翻译]五、写作（共10分）根据以下提示写一篇不少于200词的短文。
[写作提示][范文][评分标准]请注意：以上内容仅为试题及答案的排版格式示例，具体题目和答案需要根据实际考试内容进行填充。
英语专业八级真题与答案(2)
英语专业八级真题与答案(2)Part2 Reading Comprehension (30min)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.Text AThe Welsh language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity, but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx. once widely spoken on the isle of Man but now extinct. Government financing and central planning, however, have helped reverse the decline of Welsh. Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English, and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europe’s regional languages, spoken by more than a half-million of the country’s three million people.The revival of the language, particularly among young people, is part of a resurgence of national identity sweeping through this small, proud nation. Last month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly, the first parliament to be convened here since 1404. The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom. With most of the people and wealth, England has always had bragging rights. The partial transferof legislative powers from Westminster, implemented by Tony Blair, was designed to give the other members of the club- Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales-a bigger say and to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution. Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly for a parliament, the vote for a Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout of less than 25 percent. Its powers were proportionately limited. The Assembly can decide how money from Westminster or the European Union is spent. It cannot, unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh, enact laws. But now that it is here, the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly. Many people would like it to have more powers. Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in 2003, of a new debating chamber, one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaport into a Baltimore-style waterfront city. Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from the European Union will tackle poverty. Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europe- only Spain, Portugal, and Greece have a lower standard of living.Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women, boosting self-esteem. To familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been added new icons such as Catherine Zeta-Jones, the movie star, and Bryn Terfel, the opera singer.Indigenous foods like salt marsh lamb are in vogue. And Wales now boasts a national airline. Awyr Cymru. Cymru, which means “land of compatriots,” is the Welsh name for Wales. The red dragon, the nation’s symbol since the time of King Arthur, is everywhere- on T-shirts, rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers.“Until very recent times most Welsh people had this feeling of being second-class citizens,” said Dyfan Jones, an 18-year-old student. It was a warm summer night, and I was sitting on the grass with a group of young people in Llanelli, an industrial town in the south, outside the rock music venue of the National Eisteddfod, Wales’s annual cultural festival. The disused factory in front of us echoed to the sounds of new Welsh bands.“There was almost a genetic tendency for lack of confidence,” Dyfan continued. Equally comfortable in his Welshness as in his membership in the English-speaking, global youth culture and the new federal Europe, Dyfan, like the rest of his generation, is growing up with a sense of possibility unimaginable ten years ago. “We used to think. We can’t do anything, we’re only Welsh. Now I think that’s changing.”11. According to the passage, devolution was mainly meant toA. maintain the present status among the nations.B. reduce legislative powers of England.C. c reate a better state of equality among the nations. √D. grant more say to all the nations in the union.12. The word “centrifugal” in the second paragraph meansA. separatist.√B. conventional.C. feudal.D. political13. Wales is different from Scotland in all the following aspects EXCEPTA. people’s desire for devolution.B. locals’turnout for the voting.C. powers of the legislative body.D. status of the national language.√14. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of the resurgence of Welsh national identityA. Welsh has witnessed a revival as a national language.B. Poverty-relief funds have come from the European Union.√C. A Welsh national airline is currently in operation.D. The national symbol has become a familiar sight.15. According to Dyfan Jones what has changed isA. people’s mentality. √B. pop culture.C. town’s appearance.D. possibilities for the people.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
英语专业八级考试全真试题(2)Part Ⅱ Proofreading and Error Correction （15 min）The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and wri te the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unnecessary word cross out the unnecessary word with a slash “/’ and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.ExampleWhen∧art museum wants a new exhibit, （1）an it never／buys things in finished form and hangs （2）never them on the wall. When a natural history museum wants an exhibition, it must often build it. （3）exhibitDuring the early years of this century, wheat was seen as thevery lifeblood of Western Canada. People on city streets watchedthe yields and the price of wheat in almost as much feeling as if 1.___they were growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasing 2.___favorite topic of conversation.War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketingthe western crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative grainselling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange.Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn, so farmers could 3.___not wait for markets to improve. It had happened too often thatthey sold their wheat soon shortly after harvest when farm debts 4.___were coming due, just to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. 5.___On various occasions, producer groups, asked firmer control, 6.___but the government had no wish to become involving, at 7.___least not until wartime when wheat prices threatened to runwild.Anxious to check inflation and rising life costs, the federal 8.___government appointed a board of grain supervisors to deal withdeliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Exchangetrading was suspended, and farmers sold at prices fixed by theboard. To handle with the crop of 1919, the government 9.___appointed the first Canadian Wheat Board, with total authority to10.___buy, sell, and set prices.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension （40 min）SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION （30 min）In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of fifteen multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark answers on your Coloured Answer Sheet.TEXT A“Twenty years ago, Blackpool turned its back on the sea and tried to make i tself into an entertainment centre. ” say Robin Wood, a local official. “Now t he thinking is that we should try, to refocus on the sea and make Blackpool a fami ly destination again.” To say that Blackpool neglected the sea is to put it mil d ly. In 1976 the European Community, as it then was called, instructed member nati ons to make their beaches conform to certain minimum standards of cleanliness wi thin ten years. Britain, rather than complying, took the novel strategy of conte nding that many of its most popular beaches were not swimming beaches at all. Be cause of Britain’s climate the sea-bathing season is short, and most people don ‘ t go in above their knees anyway-and hence can’t really be said to be swimming. By averaging out the number of people actually swimming across 365 days of the y ear, the government was able to persuade itself, if no one else, that Britain ha d hardly any real swimming beaches.As one environmentalist put it to me: “You had the ludicrous situation in w hich Luxembourg had mere listed public bathing beaches than the whole of the Uni ted Kingdom. It was preposterous.”Meanwhile, Blackpool continued to discharge raw sewage straight into the se a. Finally after much pressure from both environmental groups and the European U nion, the local water authority built a new waste-treatment facility for the who le of Blackpool and neighbouring communities. The facility came online in June 1 996. For the first time since the industrial revolution Blackpool’s waters are safe to swim in.That done, the town is now turning its attention to making the sea-front me re visually attractive. The promenade, once a rather elegant place to stroll, ha d become increasingly tatty and neglected. “It was built in Vict orian times and needed a thorough overhaul anyway, ”says Wood, “so we decided to make aestheti c improvements at the same time, to try to draw people back to it.” Blackpool rec e ntly spent about .4 million building new kiosks for vendors and improving seat ing around the Central Pier and plans to spend a further $ 15 million on various amenity projects.The most striking thing about Blackpool these days compared with 20 years a go is how empty its beaches are. When the tide is out, Blackpool’s beaches are a vast plain of beckoning sand. They look spacious enough to accommodate comforta bly the entire populace ofnorthern England. Ken Welsby remembers days when, as he puts it,“ you couldn’t lay down a handkerchief on this beach, it was that c rowded.”Welsby comes from Preston, 20 miles down the road, and has been visiting Bl ackpool all his life. Now retired, he had come for the day with his wife, Kitty, and their three young grandchildren who were gravely absorbed in building a san dcastle. “Two hundred thousand people they’d have on this beach sometimes.” W elsby said. “You can’t imagine it now, can you?”Indeed I could not. Though it was a bright sunny day in the middle of summe r. I counted just 13 people scattered along a half mile or so of open sand. Exce pt for those rare times when hot weather and a public holiday coincide, it is li ke this nearly always now.“You can’t imagine how exciting it was to come here for the day when we w er e young.” Kitty said. “Even from Preston, it was a big treat. Now children don ‘t want the beach. They want arcade games and rides in helicopters and goodness kn ows what else.” She stared out over the glittery water. “We’ll never see thos e days again. It’s sad really.”“But your grandchildren seem to be enjoying it,” I pointed out.“For the moment, ”Ken said. “For the moment.”Afterward I went for a long walk along the empty beach, then went back to th e town centre and treated myself to a large portion of fish-and-chips wrapped in paper. The way they cook it in Blackpool, itisn’t so much a meal as an invita t ion to a heart attack, but it was delicious. Far out over the sea the sun was se tting with such splendor that I would almost have sworn I could hear the water h iss where it touched.Behind me the lights of Blackpool Tower were just twinkling on, and the str eets were beginning to fill with happy evening throngs. In the purply light of d usk the town looked peaceful and happy — enchanting even —and there was an engaging air of expectancy, of fun about to happen. Somewhat to my surprise, I r ealized that this place was beginning to grow on me.16. At the beginning, the passage seems to suggest that Blackpool ___.A. will continue to remain as an entertainment centreB. complied with EC’s standards of clearlinessC. had no swimming beaches all alongD. is planning to revive its former attraction17. We can learn from the passage that Blackpool used to ___.A. have as many beaches as LuxumbourgB. have seriously polluted drinking waterC. boast some imposing seafront sightsD. attract few domestic holiday makers18. What Blackpool’s beaches strike visitors most is their ___.A. emptinessB. cleanlinessC. modernityD. monotonyTEXT BPundits who want to sound judicious are fond of warning against generalizin g. Each country is different, they say, and no one story fits all of Asia. This is, of course, silly: all of these economies plunged into economic crisis within a few months of each other, so they must have had something in common.In fact, the logic of catastrophe was pretty much the same in Thailand, Mal aysia, Indonesia and South Korea. （Japan is a very different story. ）In each ca se investors——mainly, but not entirely, foreign banks who had made short-term loans——all tried to pull their money out at the same time. The result was a co mbined banking and currency crisis: a banking crisis because no bank can convert all its assets into cash on short notice; a currency crisis because panicked in vestors were trying not only to convert long-term assets into cash, but to conve rt baht or rupiah into dollars. In the face of the stampede, governments had no good options. If they let their currencies plunge inflation would soar and compa nies that had borrowed in dollars would go bankrupt; if they tried to support th eir currencies by pushing up interest rates, the same firms would probably go bu st from the combination of debt burden and recessi on. In practice, countries’ s plit the difference——and paid a heavy price regardless.Was the crisis a punishment for bad economic management? Like most cliches, the catchphrase“ crony capitalism” has prospered because it gets at something r eal: excessively cozy relationships between government and business really did l ead to a lot of bad investments. The still primitive financial structure of Asia n business also made the economies peculiarly vulnerable to a loss of confidence . But the punishment was surely disproportionate to the crime, and many investme nts that look foolish in retrospect seemed sensible at the time.Given that there were no good policy options, was the policy response mainl y on the fight track? There was frantic blame-shifting when everything in Asia s eemed to be going wrong: now there is a race to claim credit when some things ha ve started to go right. The international Monetary Fund points to Korea’s recov e ry—— and more generally to the fact that the sky didn’t fall a fter all —— a s proof that its policy recommendations were right. Never mind that other IMF cli ents have done far worse, and that the economy of Malaysia ——which refused IM F help, and horrified respectable opinion by imposing capital controls ——also see ms to be on the mend. Malaysia’s prime Minister, by contrast, claims full cr e dit for any good news——even though neighbouring economies also seem to have bo ttomed out.The truth is that an observer without any ax to grind would probably concl ude that none of the policies adopted either on or in defiance of theIMF’s adv i ce made much difference either way. Budget policies, interest rate policies, ban king reform —— whatever countries tried, just about all the capital that could flee, did. And when there was no mere money to run, the natural recuperative po wers of the economies finally began to prevail. At best, the money doctors who p urported to offer cures provided a helpful bedside manner; at worst, they were l ike medieval physicians who prescribed bleeding as a remedy for all ills.Will the patients stage a full recovery? It depends on exactly what you me an by “full”. South Korea’s industrial production is already above its pre-cr isi s level; but in the spring of 1997 anyone who had predicted zero growth in Korea n industry over the next two years would have been regarded as a reckless doomsa yer. So if by recovery you mean not just a return to growth, but one that brings the region’s performance back to something like what people used to regard as the Asian norm, they have a long way to go.19. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the writer’s opinion?A. Countries paid a heavy price for whichever measure taken.B. Countries all found themselves in an economic dilemma.C. Withdrawal of foreign capital resulted in the crisis.D. Most governments chose one of the two options.20. The writer thinks that those Asian countries ___.A. well deserved the punishmentB. invested in a senseless way at the timeC. were unduly punished in the crisisD. had bad relationships between government and business21. It can be inferred from the passage that IMF policy recommendations ___.A. were far from a panacea in all casesB. were feasible in their recipient countriesC. failed to work in their recipient countriesD. were rejected unanimously by Asian countries22. At the end of the passage, the writer seems to think that a full reco very of the Asian economy is ___.A. dueB. remoteC. imaginativeD. unpredictable。