十、翻译技巧-被动语态的 翻译.

III. Practice
11. Thousands of cars are produced by FIAT every year. 菲亚特汽车公司每年生产成千上万辆小汽车。 菲亚特汽车公司每年生产成千上万辆小汽车。 12. He was asked ten questions in the oral examination and answered every one of them correctly. 口试时， 问了十个问题，他全都答对了。 口试时， 问了十个问题，他全都答对了。 13. It is considered that women tell lies more often than men. 有人认为女人说谎话要比男人多。 有人认为女人说谎话要比男人多。
II. Translation of passive voice sentences
A.译成汉语的 “被”字结构或相似结构 如 “叫, 让, 给, 译成汉语的 字结构或相似结构, 受到, 受到 遭到, 加以…等 遭到 为 Hamlet has been 等。 所 的 加以 1. Though …所…, 是…的,加以disappointed of the throwenku.baidu.come, every one respects him. 虽然哈姆雷特被剥夺了王位，大家照样尊敬他。 虽然哈姆雷特被剥夺了王位，大家照样尊敬他。 2. They were caught in the rain yesterday. 他们昨天叫雨淋了。 他们昨天叫雨淋了。 3. Our foreign policy is supported by the people all over the world. 我们的对外政策受到全世界人民的支持 受到全世界人民的支持。 我们的对外政策受到全世界人民的支持。 4. They were given a hearty welcome. 他们受到热烈欢迎。 他们受到热烈欢迎。 5. He was policed by the bosses’ cops. 受到老板雇佣的警察的 老板雇佣的警察的监督 他受到老板雇佣的警察的监督 。
II. Translation of passive voice sentences D. 把原文中的主语译为宾语
1. By the end of the war 800 people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of over 200 Belgian and French lives. 大战终了时， 这个组织拯救了八百人， 大战终了时， 这个组织拯救了八百人，但那是以 二百多比利时人和法国人的生命为代价。 二百多比利时人和法国人的生命为代价。 2. It would be astonishing if that loss were not keenly felt. 如果（人们）不强烈地感到损失， 那倒是奇怪了。 如果（人们）不强烈地感到损失， 那倒是奇怪了。
II. Translation of passive voice sentences
6. I was so impressed by these words that I used them later for a Christmas card. 我为这些话所深深感动， 后来我就把它们写在圣诞贺片 为这些话所深深感动， 上。 7. By evening the occupation was complete, and the people were chased off the streets by an eight o’clock curfew. 至傍晚，占领已告完成。八点钟开始的宵禁把人们 把人们从街道 至傍晚，占领已告完成。八点钟开始的宵禁把人们从街道 赶走。 赶走。 8. The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire. 大火使这著名的旅馆几乎全部毁灭 毁灭。 大火使这著名的旅馆几乎全部毁灭。 9. Most letters from his wife are read to him by the nurse in the hospital. 他的妻子给他的信件， 大多数是由医院里的护士念给他 他的妻子给他的信件， 大多数是由医院里的护士念给他 听的。 听的。
III. Practice
6. It is believed that worry can make a person’s hair turn gray overnight. 有人相信忧愁能使一个人的头发一夜之间变白 忧愁能使一个人的头发一夜之间变白。 有人相信忧愁能使一个人的头发一夜之间变白。 7. It has been proved that plenty of vegetables will improve one’s health. 已经证明多吃蔬菜对健康有好处 多吃蔬菜对健康有好处。 已经证明多吃蔬菜对健康有好处。 8. This old man has been taken care of for years by some PLA men. 这位老人多年来一直受到几位解放军的照顾。 受到几位解放军的照顾 这位老人多年来一直受到几位解放军的照顾。 9. The city is being destroyed by the flood. 这座城市正在被洪水所毁。 这座城市正在被洪水所毁。 10. This material has to be used in the experiment. 这种材料在实验中非用不可。 这种材料在实验中非用不可。
III. Practice
B. Put the following sentences into Chinese. 1. The plan will be examined by a special committee. 该计划将由一个特别委员会加以裁决。 该计划将由一个特别委员会加以裁决。 2. National Day is enthusiastically celebrated on October 1st by the Chinese people of all nationalities every year. 我国各族人民每年都要热烈庆祝十月一日的国庆节。 我国各族人民每年都要热烈庆祝十月一日的国庆节。 3. He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience. 他出现在台上， 观众给予热烈鼓掌。 给予热烈鼓掌 他出现在台上， 观众给予热烈鼓掌。 4. All Party members of the college are requested to meet in the assembly hall to listen to a speech. 全院党员于星期五下午两点三十分在大礼堂听报告。 请全院党员于星期五下午两点三十分在大礼堂听报告。 5. It is said that he was cheated by his partner while doing business in the south. 据说他在南方做生意时让同伴给骗了。 据说他在南方做生意时让同伴给骗了。
II. Translation of passive voice sentences
E . 译成无主句
1. Whenever work is being done, energy is being converted from one form into another. 做功时，能从一种形式转变为另一种形式。 做功时，能从一种形式转变为另一种形式。 2．Cutting tools should be inspected carefully ． before they are used. 切割工具使用前要认真检查。 切割工具使用前要认真检查。 3．Some pictures were hung on the wall. ． 墙上挂着照片。 墙上挂着照片。 4. Children should be taught to speak the truth. 要教孩子们讲真话。 要教孩子们讲真话。
III. Practice
11. 据推测 据推测… 12. 据闻 悉)… 据闻(悉
It is supposed that…
It is learned that… 13. 可以肯定 可以肯定… It may be confirmed that… 14. 普遍 一般、 通常 认为 普遍(一般 通常)认为 一般、 认为… It is generally(usually) accepted (agreed) that… 15. 必须指出 必须指出… It must be pointed out that… 16. 有人 人们、大家 相信 有人(人们 大家)相信 人们、 相信… It is believed that … 17. 由此可见 由此可见… It will be seen from this that … It must (should) be admitted that… 18. 必须 应该 承认 必须(应该 承认… 应该)承认 It is rumored that… 19. 据谣传… 据谣传 20. 可以毫不夸张地说 可以毫不夸张地说… It may be said without fear of exaggeration that…
III. Practice
Exercises in class
A.Put the following sentence patterns into English:
Fixed phrases or sentence patterns: It has been proved … 1. 已经证明 已经证明… 2. 可以有把握地说 可以有把握地说… It may be safely said that… 3. 无可否认 无可否认… It cannot be denied that… 4. 人们希望 人们希望… It is expected(hoped) that… 5. 人们(有人、大家)认为… It is considered (thought) that… 人们(有人、大家)认为… 有人 认为 6. 不用说 谁都知道 不用说(谁都知道 谁都知道)… It is understood that… 7. 大家知道 众所周知 大家知道(众所周知 众所周知)… It is well known that … 8. 据报道 据报道… It is reported that… 9. 据说 据说… It is said that…. 10. 据估计 预计 据估计(预计 预计)… It is estimated (predicted, calculated ) that…
II. Translation of passive voice sentences B.译成汉语主动句 B.译成汉语主动句
1. The sense of inferiority that he acquired in his youth has never been totally eradicated. 他在青少年时期留下的自卑感， 他在青少年时期留下的自卑感， 还没有完全消 除。 2. On their domestic stations events in the Middle east were reported briefly. 在他们国内的电台的广播中， 在他们国内的电台的广播中， 中东事件只轻描 淡写地报道了一下。 报道了一下 淡写地报道了一下。
II. Translation of passive voice sentences C、保留原主语, 被动改主动 保留原主语, 保留原主语
1. Mr. Black was given a prize. 布拉克先生得了奖。 布拉克先生得了奖。 2. His life was cut short by cholera. 他因患霍乱而早亡。 他因患霍乱而早亡。 3. He was thrown into confusion by the return of his wife. 他由于妻子归来而陷入惶惑不安之中。 他由于妻子归来而陷入惶惑不安之中。