英语后缀词性
由英语单词后缀判定词性
由英语单词后缀判定词性后是一种重要的构法,通后常常可以判断出一个的性。
一个英可以分三个局部:前〔 prefix〕,根〔 stem〕及后〔 suffix 〕。
中位于根前面的局部就是前。
前,可以改的意思。
在言学里,后,又称尾,是一种后置于其他素后的。
后 -名解以英例: establish〔〕 + -ment 〔后〕— > establishment 〔名〕:借由后 -ment 的使用,使原本的素名,言的衍生,是后的一种用途后 -名后常的此后及其具体含如下:1.-ster,-eer,-er〔or 〕意:从事某种或参与某种活的人〔person engaged in anoccupation or activity 〕例:gamester ,gangster,songster,engineer ,profiteer ,mountaineer ,auctioneer ,driver , teacher ,director , actor , professor2.-let 意:小或者不重要的西〔small,unimportant things 〕例: booklet ,leaflet ,starlet3.-ette 意:1〕小的西〔 small〕例:cigarette 2 〕假的西〔 imitation 〕例:leatherette3〕女性〔 female 〕例:usherette4. -ess 意:女性〔 female 〕例: actress, poetess, hostess, paintress5. -hood 意:期〔 status; etc .〕例: boyhood , childhood , manhood6. -ship 意:才能,状,格,品等〔skill, state, condition , status, quality 〕例: leadership , friendship , membership , lectureship ,sportsmanship7.-ful 意:量〔 the amount which noun contains 〕例: cupful , handful , mouthful , spoonful8.-tion ,-ion 意: 1〕状,行等〔 state;action ;etc.〕例: action ,oppression ,possession,education ,starva- tion 2 〕机构等〔institution ;etc.〕例: organization ,foundation 9.-ment 意:状,行等〔state; action; etc.〕例: movement ,enslavement ,pavement10. -al 意:作〔 action 〕例: arrival , refusal, revival , recital , removal11.-age 意:程度,数量等〔extent ; amount ;etc.〕例:wastage,coverage, acreage,shrinkage,breakage, hostage912.-ness;-ity〔 ty〕意:状,品〔 state;quality ;etc .〕例:happiness, usefulness,selfishness,kindness ,rapidity , activity , sanity , changeability13.-ism 意:道,主,学等〔 doctrine of ,practice of 〕例:idealism , impressionism ,absenteeism ,racism后 -后常的此后及其具体含如下:1.-ify 意:,〔 to turn into ,to make or become 〕例: beautify , diversify , simplify2.-ize;-en 意:使⋯⋯,得⋯⋯〔 to make or become;to make into〕例:modernize,popularize , legalize, hospitalize ,symbolize, ripen ,widen , heighten , threaten3.-ate 意:增加,使⋯⋯听写〔 give or add,make or become 〕例:originate , hydrogenate , validate ,differentiate后 -形容后常的此后及其具体含如下:1.-ful 意:充,有〔 full of ;hav- ing;giving;etc.〕例: useful ,pitiful , hopeful ,careful,helpful , forgetful ,thankful , fearful2. -less 意:没有,无〔without ; not giving 〕例: speechless, childless,harmless,hopeless, meaningless ,homeless3.-ly 意:有⋯⋯品的〔having the qualities of 〕例: beastly,manly , brotherly ,friendly4. -like 意:像⋯⋯的〔like〕例:childlike , statesmanlike ,tiger-like5. -y; -ish 意:像⋯⋯一般的〔somewhat like 〕例: meaty , sandy, silky, hairy,leafy, watery , foolish , girlish ,blackish , thinnish6.-some 意:像⋯⋯一的;引起⋯⋯的;有⋯⋯品的〔 like;causing; having thequality of 〕例: troublesome , burdensome , wholesome , tiresome , bothersome 7.-able〔ible 〕意:能⋯⋯的;可以⋯⋯的〔 able to be ;capable〕例: changeable,realiable,readable , drinkable , comfortable ,expansible ,convincible8.-ed 意:有⋯⋯的〔 having,etc.〕例: wooded ,pointed ,moneyed , odd-shaped9.-al 意:有⋯⋯属性的,⋯⋯型的〔 nature of ,typical of 〕例: cultural ,personal,regional ,musical10. -ary〔 ory〕意:属于⋯⋯的,与⋯⋯相的〔: revolutionary , imaginary , contradictory 11. -ous 意:富含⋯⋯的;有⋯⋯品的;像⋯⋯的〔belonging to; connected with 〕例 fullof ; having the quality of ;like〕例: glorious,erroneous , malicious , gracious12.-ic〔 ical〕意:⋯⋯的;属于⋯⋯的〔 typical of ;belonging to 〕例: historic , historical , methodic ,methodical , dramatic , heroic13. -ive 意:有⋯⋯属性的;有某种向的〔having the nature or quality of;given or tending to 〕例: attractive , talkative , restrictive , defensive , preventive ,constructive , sensitive后 -副后常的此后及其具体含如下:1. -ly 意:以⋯⋯方式〔in a...manner ; etc.〕例: happily, boldly , attentive- ly ,strangely2.-ward〔 s〕意:表示方式或作的方向〔manner and direction of movement〕例:onward 〔 s〕, backward 〔s〕, earthward 〔 s〕, homeward 〔 s〕, eastward 〔 s〕3.-wise 意: 1〕按照⋯⋯方式〔 in the manner of 〕例: crabwise,clockwise2〕就⋯⋯而言〔 asfar as ...is concerned〕例: weatherwise,educationwise4.以 ly 后尾的副,比都是 +more ,如 more carefully ,more useful 最高 +most如 most carefully ,most useful。
英语单词词性后缀总结
英语单词词性后缀总结英语单词词性后缀总结:由英语单词后缀判定词性,后缀是决定一个词的词性的重要标记。
掌握词性是掌握英语基本规律,扩大单词量的重要手段。
扩展资料常见后缀:⑴ 具有某种职业或动作的人1)-an,-ian,表示"……地方的人,精通……的`人”American,historian,2)-al,表示"具有……职务的人" principal,3)-ant,-ent,表示"……者” merchant,agent,servant,student, 4)-ar,表示"……的人” scholar,liar,pedlar5)-ard,-art,表示"做……的人”coward,laggard,braggart(夸张者)6)-arian,表示"……派别的人,……主义的人”humanitarian,vegetarian7)-ary,表示"从事……的人" secretary,missionary8)-ate,表示"具有……职责的人" candidate,graduate9)-ator,表示"做……的人" educator,speculator(投机者)10)-crat,表示"某种政体,主义的支持者" democrat,bureaucrat11)-ee,表示"动作承受者" employee,examinee12)-eer,表示"从事于……人" engineer,volunteer13)-er,表示"从事某种职业的人,某地区,地方的人" banker,observer,Londoner,villager14)-ese,表示" ……国人,…..地方的人”Japanese,Cantonese 15)-ess,表示"阴性人称名词, actress,hostess,manageress 16)-eur,表示"……家” amateur,littérateur17)-ian,表示"……地方人,信仰…….教的人,从事……职业的人”Christian,physician(内科医生),musician18)-ician,表示"精通者,……家,”electrician,magician,technician19)-icist,表示"……家,…….者,…….能手”physicist,phoneticist,technicist20)-ic,表示"……者,……师" mechanic,critic21)-ie,表示"爱,指小" dearie,auntie,lassie(小姑娘)22)-ier,表示"从事……职业” cavalier,clothier,brazier(黄铜匠)23)-ine,ina,表示"阴性人称" heroine,ballerina24)-ist,表示"从事……研究者,信仰……主义者" pianist,communist,dentist,artist,chemist25)-ive,表示"动作者,行为者” native,captive26)-logist,表示"……学家,研究者" biologist,geologist(地质学家)27)-or,表示"……者" author,doctor,operator,28)-ster,表示"做…….事情的人”youngster,gamester(赌徒),songster29)-yer,表示" 从事……职业者” lawyer。
英语常用词性后缀
英语常用词性后缀1.名词后缀1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物:worker,debtor2)-acy,表示/性质,状态,境遇/ democracy,accuracy,diplomacy3)-ance,-ence表示/性质,状况,行为,总量,程度/ importance,diligence,difference,obedience4)-ancy,-ency,表示/性质,状态,行为,frequency,urgency,efficiency5)-bility,表示/动作,性质,状态/ possibility,flexibility,feasibility6)-dom,表示/等级,领域,状态/ freedom,kingdom,wisdom7)-hood,表示/资格,身份,年纪,状态/ childhood,manhood,falsehood8)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示/行为的过程,结果,状况/ action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction9)-ism,表示/制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为/ socialism,criticism,colloquialism,heroism10)-ity,表示/性质,状态,程度/ purity,reality,ability,calamity11)-ment,表示/行为,状态,手段及其结果treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument12)-ness,表示/性质,状态,程度/ goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness13)-ship,表示/情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业/ hardship,membership,friendship14)-th,表示/动作,性质,状态/ depth,wealth,truth,length,growth15)-tude,表示/性质,状态,程度/ latitude,altitude(海拔)16)-ure,表示/行为,结果/ exposure,pressure,failure,procedure(手续)17-grapy,表示/……学,写法/ biography,calligraphy,geography18)-ic,ics,表示/……学……法/ logic,mechanics,electronics,linguistics19)-ology,表示/……学……论/biology,zoology,technology(工艺学)20)-nomy,表示/……学……术/ astronomy,economy,bionomy(生态学)2.形容词后缀1)-able,-ible,visible,flexible2)名词-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish(注意accomplish,vanish)3)-ive,active,sensitive,productive4)-like,manlike,childlike5)名词-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly6)-some,troublesome,handsome7)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful8)-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various9)-ent,violent10)-most,foremost,topmost11)-less,表示否定countless,stainless,wireless3.动词后缀1)-ize,ise,表示/做成,变成,……化/ modernize,mechanize,democratize,organize2)-en,表示/使成为,引起,使有/ quicken,weaken,soften,harden3)-fy,表示/使……化,使成/ beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify4)-ish,表示/使,令/ finish,abolish,diminish,establish5)-ate,表示/成为……,处理,作用/ separate,operate,indicate4.副词后缀(形容词)-ly:bad→badly坏地,恶劣地,careful→carefully小心地-wise(OE):clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地); like→likewise同样地-wards:out→outwards向外面地,north→northwards向北方地。
英语词缀词性及其转化
英语单词词根词缀和词性互相转换英语中常见的后缀一、名词性后缀1,-age为抽象名词后缀,表示行为,状态和全体总称percentage百分数,百分率,voltage电压,伏特数,lavage灌洗,洗,出法,gavage管词法,curettage刮除法,shortage不足,缺少。
2,-cy表示抽象名词accuracy 准确,精确度,infancy婴儿期。
3,-ence、-ance表示性质和动作difference不同,interference干扰,干预,influence影响,感化,occurrence 发出,出现,violence激烈,暴力,existence存在,significance意义,意味。
4,-ency、-ancy抽象名词后缀difficiency不足,不全,tendency趋势,趋向,frequency频率,pregnancy妊娠,emergency紧急,急救,fluency流利,流畅,sufficiency足够,充足,constancy 坚定,经久不变。
5,-er表示…人、…者diameter直径,receiver接收者,接受者,carrier 携带者,beginner初学者,创始人,reader读者,shutter 快门,goiter甲状腺肿。
6,-ics表示…科学psdiatrics儿科学,psychiatrics精神病学,obstetrics产科学,orthopdics矫形科学,auristrics耳科学,gnathostomatics口腔生理学,andriatrics男性医学,男性科。
7,-ian表示人称名词physician医师,内科医师,technician技术员8,-ication由动词变化而来的抽象名词,常译为…化simpliffcation 简化,calcification钙化,classification分类,分级, communication 交流,交往。
9,-ing由动词变化而来的动名词nursing护理,typing分型,分类,mapping绘制…图,bleeding出血,vomiting 呕吐,softening变软,functioning使器官活动,使器官有功能,positioning 把…放在适当的位置,mathching和…相配,imaging成像。
英语后缀词性
1.-ability表名词,“能…;性质”useability n 可用性(use用)inflammability n 易燃性(inflame点火+ablity)adaptability n 适应能力(adapt适应)可靠性dependability n 可靠性(depend依靠)variability n 变化性(vary变化)lovability n 可爱(love爱)2.-able 表形容词,“可…的,能…”knowable a 可知的inflammable a 易燃的(inflame点燃)trantable a 温顺的(travt 拉→拉得动→温顺的)conceivable a 想象得出的(conceive 设想,想象)desirable a 值得要的(desire 渴望)inviolable a 不右侵犯的(in 不+viol 冒犯+able ;参考:violate违反,冒犯impregnable a 攻不破的(im不+pregn拿住+able;参考:pregnant怀孕的)3.-ably 表副词,“能…地”suitably ab 恰当地(suit恰当)deoebdabky ab 可靠地(depend可靠)lovably ab 可爱地(love爱)4.-aceous表形容词,“具有…特征的”herbaceous a 草本植物的(herb草)pa[uraceous a 似纸的(papyr纸+aceous;参考:pspyrus莎草纸)curvacious a 有曲线美的(curve曲线)foliaceous a 叶状的(foli 叶+aceous;参考:foliage树叶)5.-acious表形容词,“有特征的,多…的”rapacious a 掠夺成性的(rape掠夺,强奸)sagacious a 睿智的(sage智者)capacious a 宽敞的(cap能→的+acious;参考:capble有能力的)fallacious a 错误的(fall错;参考:fallacy谬误)vivacious a 活泼的(viv活;参考:revive复活)audacious a 大胆的(aud大胆+acious;名词:audacity大胆)veracious a 真实的(ver真;参考:verify证实)lopuacious a 啰唆的(loqu讲话;参考:eloquent雄辩)salacious a 好色的(sal跳→见到女人就跳起来→好色)tenacious a 固执的(ten拿住;参考:tenable防守得住的)sequacious a 前后连贯的(sequ=secu跟随;参考:persecute迫害)voracious a 贪婪的(vor吃;参考:omnivorous无所不吃的)6.-acity表名词,“有…倾向”eapacity n 掠夺(rape掠夺)capacity n 容量;能力(cap容纳)loquavity n 健谈,多话(loqu讲话)ausacity n 大胆(auda大胆)veracity n 真实(ver真)tenacity n 固执(ten拿住)mendacity n 虚假;说谎(mend缺点;参考:amend弥补,改正)7.-acle 表名词,“…物品,状态”receptacle n 容器(recept接受)manacle n 手铐(man手;参考:manuscript手稿)miracle n 奇迹(mir惊奇;参考:mirror镜子)tentacle n 触角(tent触,摸;参考:attentive注意的,关心的)pinnacle n 尖塔(pinn尖+acle)obstacle n 障碍(ob在+sta{=stand 站}+acle→站在中间的物品→障碍)debacle n 解冻;崩溃(de去掉+bacle[=block]+acle→去掉大块东西→解冰块)8.-acy表名词,“→性质,状态”fallacy n 谬误,错误(fall错)supremacy n 至高无上(supreme崇高的)intimacy n 亲密(intim亲密;参考:intimate亲密的)conspiracy n 同谋(con共同+spir呼吸+acy→共同呼吸→同谋)celibacy n 独身(celib未婚;参考:celibate独身者)intricacy n 错综复杂(in进入+tric[=trifle琐碎事]+acy→进入琐碎之事)contumacy n 抗命,不服从(contum反叛+acy)9.ad表名词,“…东西,状态”doodad n 美观而无用之物myriad n 许多,无数(myri多+ad)ballad n 歌谣,歌曲(ball舞,歌)nomad n 流浪者,游牧人(nom流浪)10.表名词(1)表示“状态,物品”blockade n 封锁(block挡住)cannonade n 炮击(cannon大炮)decade n 十年(dec十;参考:decagon 十角形cockade n 帽章(cock帽边)lemonade n 柠檬水(lemon柠檬)arcade n 拱廊(arc弧形)brricade n 栅栏(barr栅栏+ic+adc)cascade n 小瀑布(casc下落+ade)(2)表示“个人或集体”brigade n 旅,队(brig战斗+ade)crusade n 十字军,改革运动(crus 十字+ade)cavalcade n 骑兵队(caval马+cade)renegade n 叛徒(renege背信弃义)11.-名词反缀(1)表示“状态,总称”tonnage n 吨位(ton 一吨)mileage n 英里数(mile英里)percentage n 百分比(percent百分之几)foliage n 树叶(foli树叶;参考:portfolio 文件夹)visage n 面貌(vis 看;参考:vision视力)advantage n 利益(ad+vant来到+age)verbiage n 冗词,赘语(verb词语)dotage n 老年昏愦(dot打盹+age)pilgrimage n 朝圣(pilgrim朝香客)marriage n 结婚(marry结婚)pillage n 掠夺(pill来自中世纪法语piller,意为“掠夺”)drainage n 排水(drain 排干)patronage n 赞助,惠客(patron赞助人)(2)表示“场所,物品”anchorage n 停泊地(anchor铁猫)village n 村庄(villa茅房,别墅)hermitage n 隐居处(hermit隐)士appendage n 附属物(append附属)heritage n 遗产(herit继承)beverage n 饮料(bever饮,喝+age)qreckage n 残骸,碎片(wreck残骸,破坏)(3)表示“费用”postage n 邮费(post邮局)railage n 铁路运费(rail铁路)towage n 拖(车、船)费(tow拖)waterage n 水运费(water水)12.-ain 表名词,“…人”captain n 船长(capt头+ain)chiefain n 酋长,头目(chief主要+tain人)villain n 恶棍(vill[=vile ]+ain)riverain n 住在河边的人(river河)13.-aire表名词millionaire n 百万富翁(million百万)koctrinaire n 教条者,空论家(doctrine教条)questionnaire n 调查表,问卷14。
(完整版)英语词性后缀
后缀-名词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor2.-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(small,unimportant things)例词:booklet,leaflet,starlet3.-ette意为:1)小的东西(small)例词:cigarette 2)假的东西(imitation)例词:leatherette 3)女性(female)例词:usherette4.-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actress,poetess,hostess,paintress 5.-hood意为:时期(status;etc.)例词:boyhood男孩时代,childhood 童年,manhood成年男子6.-ship意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例词:leadership领导才能,friendship友谊,membership 会员资格,lectureship讲师,sportsmanship运动精神7.-ful意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful8.-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:action动作,oppression苦恼,possession财产,education教育)。
机构等(institution;etc.)例词:organization组织,foundation基金9.-ment意为:状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:movement 运动,pavement人行道,development发展10.-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal11.-age意为:程度,数量等(extent;amount;etc.)例词:wastage 消耗,coverage范围,acreage土地面积,breakage破坏,hostage抵押品12.-ness;-ity(ty)意为:状态,品质(state;quality;etc.)例词:happiness幸福,usefulness有用,kindness可爱,rapidity迅速,activity 活跃,sanity头脑清楚,changeability可变性13.-ism意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrine of,practice of)例词:idealism,impressionism,absenteeism,racism14.-th length(长度)后缀-动词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ify意为:转为,变为(to turn into,to make or become)例词:beautify美化,diversify使多样化,simplify简化2.-ize;-en意为:使……,变得……(to make or become;to make into)例词:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen 成熟,widen放宽,heighten变高,threaten恐吓3.-ate意为:增加,使……听写(give or add,make or become)例词:originate起源于,differentiate区分区别后缀-形容词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ful意为:充满,有(full of;hav- ing;giving;etc.)例词:useful 有用的,pitiful可怜的,hopeful有希望的,careful小心的,helpful给与帮助的,forgetful遗忘的,thankful感恩的,fearful害怕的2.-less意为:没有,无(without;not giving)例词:speechless无言的,childless无儿无女的,harmless无害的,hopeless没有希望的,meaningless没有意义的,homeless无家可归的3.-ly意为:有……品质的(having the qualities of)例词:beastly 野兽般的,manly男子气概的,brotherly兄弟的,friendly友好的注:和副词-ly区分开,常见名词+ly=形容词,形容词/动词+ly=副词4.-like意为:像……的(like)例词:childlike天真的,5.-y;-ish意为:像……一般的(somewhat like)例词:meaty肉多的,sandy甜的,silky柔软的,hairy多毛的,leafy叶茂的,watery含水的,foolish 愚蠢的,girlish少女的,thinnish薄的,瘦的6.-some意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(like;causing;having the quality of)例词:troublesome烦恼的,burdensome繁重的,wholesome健全的,tiresome无聊的,bothersome令人讨厌的7.-able(ible)意为:能……的;可以……的(able to be;capable)例词:changeable可变的,realiable可靠的,readable可读的,drinkable可饮用的,comfortable舒服的,convincible可说服的8.-ed意为:有……的(having,etc.)例词:wooded,pointed,moneyed,odd-shaped9.-al意为:有……属性的,……类型的(nature of,typical of)例词:cultural文化的,personal个人的,regional地区的,musical音乐的10.-ary(ory)意为:属于……的,与……相连的(belonging to;connected with)例词:revolutionary革命的,imaginary想象的,contradictory矛盾的11.-ous意为:富含……的;有……品质的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like)例词:dangerous危险的,glorious辉煌的,erroneous 错误的,malicious恶意的,gracious亲切的12.-ic(ical)意为:……类的;属于……的(typical of;belonging to)例词:historic、historical历史的,methodic、methodical有条理的,dramatic 戏剧的,heroic英雄的13.-ive意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的(having the nature or qualityof;given or tending to)例词:attractive吸引力的,talkative健谈的,restrictive限制的,defensive防御的,constructive建设的,sensitive敏感的后缀-副词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ly意为:以……方式(in a...manner;etc.)例词:happily开心地,boldly大胆地,attentively聚精会神地,strangely 陌生地,safely安全地,absolutely完全地注:一般在题中出现-ly后缀的词都是副词2.-ward(s)意为:表示方式或动作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例词:onward(s),backward(s),earthward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)3.-wise意为:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例词:crabwise,clockwise2)就……而言(asfar as ...is concerned)例词:weatherwise,educationwise4.以ly后缀结尾的副词,比较级都是+more,如more carefully,more useful 最高级+most如most carefully,most useful。
英语中的后缀,词性转换,构词法等
英语中常见的后缀一、名词性后缀1,-age为抽象名词后缀,表示行为,状态和全体总称percentage百分数,百分率,voltage电压,伏特数,lavage灌洗,洗,出法,gavage管词法,curettage刮除法,shortage不足,缺少。
2,-cy表示抽象名词accuracy 准确,精确度,infancy婴儿期。
3,-ence、-ance表示性质和动作difference不同,interference干扰,干预,influence影响,感化,occurrence发出,出现,violence激烈,暴力,existence存在,significance意义,意味。
4,-ency、-ancy抽象名词后缀difficiency不足,不全,tendency趋势,趋向,frequency频率,pregnancy妊娠,emergency 紧急,急救,fluency流利,流畅,sufficiency足够,充足,constancy坚定,经久不变。
5,-er表示…人、…者diameter直径,receiver接收者,接受者,carrier 携带者,beginner初学者,创始人,reader 读者,shutter 快门,goiter甲状腺肿。
6,-ics 表示…科学psdiatrics儿科学,psychiatrics精神病学,obstetrics产科学,orthopdics矫形科学,auristrics 耳科学,gnathostomatics口腔生理学,andriatrics男性医学,男性科。
7,-ian表示人称名词physician医师,内科医师,technician技术员8,-ication 由动词变化而来的抽象名词,常译为…化simpliffcation 简化,calcification钙化,classification分类,分级,communication交流,交往。
9,-ing由动词变化而来的动名词nursing护理,typing分型,分类,mapping绘制…图,bleeding出血,vomiting呕吐,softening 变软,functioning使器官活动,使器官有功能,positioning 把…放在适当的位置,mathching 和…相配,imaging成像。
词性后缀
英语常用词性后缀1.名词后缀1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物:worker, debtor2)-acy,表示/性质,状态,境遇/ democracy, accuracy, diplomacy3)-ance, -ence表示/性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度/ importance, diligence, difference, obedience4)-ancy, -ency,表示/性质,状态,行为,过程/ frequency, urgency, efficiency5)-bility,表示/动作,性质,状态/ possibility, flexibility, feasibility6)-dom,表示/等级,领域,状态/ freedom, kingdom, wisdom7)-hood,表示/资格,身份,年纪,状态/ childhood, manhood, falsehood8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition,表示/行为的过程,结果,状况/ action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction9)-ism,表示/制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为/ socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism10)-ity,表示/性质,状态,程度/ purity, reality, ability, calamity11)-ment,表示/行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument12)-ness,表示/性质,状态,程度/ goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness13)-ship,表示/情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业/ hardship, membership, friendship14)-th,表示/动作,性质,过程,状态/ depth, wealth, truth, length, growth15)-tude,表示/性质,状态,程度/ latitude, altitude(海拔)16)-ure,表示/行为,结果/ exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续)17-grapy,表示/……学,写法/ biography, calligraphy, geography18)-ic, ics,表示/……学……法/ logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics19)-ology,表示/……学……论/biology, zoology, technology(工艺学)20)-nomy,表示/……学……术/ astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学)2.形容词后缀1)-able, -ible, visible, flexible2)名词-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish(注意accomplish, vanish)3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive4)-like, manlike, childlike5)名词-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly6)-some, troublesome, handsome7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful8)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various9)-ent, violent10)-most, foremost, topmost11)-less,表示否定countless, stainless, wireless3.动词后缀1)-ize, ise,表示/做成,变成,……化/ modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize2)-en,表示/使成为,引起,使有/ quicken, weaken, soften, harden3)-fy,表示/使……化,使成/ beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify4)-ish,表示/使,令/ finish, abolish, diminish, establish5)-ate,表示/成为……,处理,作用/ separate, operate, indicate4.副词后缀(形容词)-ly:bad→badly坏地,恶劣地,careful→carefully小心地-wise(OE):clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地); like→likewise同样地-wards:out→outwards向外面地,north→northwards向北方地。
(完整版)英语词性后缀.docx
后 - 名后常的此后及其具体含如下:1.-ster ,-eer ,-er (or )意:从事某种或参与某种活的人( person engaged in an occupation or activity )例:gamester ,gangster ,songster , engineer ,profiteer ,mountaineer ,auctioneer ,driver ,teacher ,director , actor ,professor2.-let意:小或者不重要的西(small ,unimportant things )例:booklet ,leaflet,starlet3.-ette意:1)小的西(small)例:cigarette2)假的西(imitation)例: leatherette 3)女性(female)例:usherette4.-ess 意:女性( female )例:actress ,poetess ,hostess ,paintress5.-hood 意:期(status ;etc .)例:boyhood 男孩代, childhood童年, manhood成年男子6.-ship意:才能,状,格,品等(skill,state,condition,status ,quality)例:leadership才能,friendship友,membership会格, lectureship,sportsmanship运精神7.-ful意:量(the amount which noun contains)例:cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful8.-tion , -ion 意: 1)状,行等( state ;action ; etc .)例:action作,oppression苦,possession,education教育)。
机构等( institution;etc.)例:organization,foundation基金9.-ment 意:状,行等( state ;运, pavement 人行道, development 展action;etc .)例: movement10.-al意:作(action)例:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal11. -age 意:程度,数量等( extent ; amount; etc .)例: wastage消耗, coverage 范, acreage 土地面, breakage 破坏, hostage 抵押品12.-ness ;-ity(ty)意:状,品(state;quality;etc.)例:happiness 幸福, usefulness有用,kindness可,rapidity迅速,activity活, sanity清楚,changeability可性13. -ism 意:道,主,学等(doctrine ofidealism ,impressionism , absenteeism ,racism,practice of)例:14.-th length(度)后 - 后常的此后及其具体含如下:1.-ify意:,(to turn intobeautify 美化, diversify使多化,simplify ,to make or become化)例:2.-ize ;-en 意:使⋯⋯,得⋯⋯(to makeor become ;to makeinto )例: modernize ,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen成熟, widen 放, heighten 高, threaten恐吓3.-ate 意:增加,使⋯⋯听写(give or add,make or become)例:originate 起源于, differentiate区分区后 - 形容后常的此后及其具体含如下:1.-ful意:充,有(full of ;hav- ing ;giving ;etc .)例:useful有用的, pitiful可怜的,hopeful有希望的,careful小心的,helpful与帮助的, forgetful忘的,thankful感恩的,fearful害怕的2.-less意:没有,无(without;not giving)例:speechless无言的, childless无儿无女的,harmless无害的,hopeless没有希望的,meaningless没有意义的,homeless无家可的3.-ly意:有⋯⋯品的(having the qualities of)例:beastly野般的, manly 男子气概的, brotherly兄弟的,friendly友好的注:和副 -ly区分开,常名+ly=形容,形容/+ly= 副4.-like意:像⋯⋯的(like)例:childlike天真的,5.-y ; -ish意:像⋯⋯一般的(somewhat like )例: meaty 肉多的,sandy 甜的,silky柔的,hairy多毛的,leafy叶茂的,watery含水的,foolish愚蠢的, girlish少女的,thinnish薄的,瘦的6.-some 意:像⋯⋯一的;引起⋯⋯的;有⋯⋯品的( like ;causing ;having the quality of)例:troublesome的,burdensome繁重的,wholesome 健全的, tiresome 无聊的, bothersome 令人的7.-able ( ible )意:能⋯⋯的;可以⋯⋯的(able to be;capable)例: changeable 可的, realiable可靠的,readable可的,drinkable可用的, comfortable舒服的,convincible可服的8.-ed 意:有⋯⋯的(having ,etc .)例:wooded,pointed ,moneyed,odd-shaped9.-al 意:有⋯⋯属性的,⋯⋯型的(nature of ,typical of )例:cultural 文化的, personal个人的,regional地区的,musical音的10.-ary( ory )意:属于⋯⋯的,与⋯⋯相的(belonging to ;connected with )例: revolutionary革命的,imaginary想象的,contradictory矛盾的11. -ous 意:富含⋯⋯的;有⋯⋯品的;像⋯⋯的(the quality of ;like )例: dangerous 危的, gloriousfull of ; having 辉煌的, erroneous的, malicious意的,gracious切的12.-ic (ical )意:⋯⋯的;属于⋯⋯的(typical例:historic、historical史的,methodic、methodical 的, heroic英雄的of ;belonging to )有条理的,dramatic13.-ive意:有⋯⋯属性的;有某种向的(having the nature or qualityof ;given or tending to)例:attractive吸引力的,talkative健的,restrictive限制的, defensive防御的, constructive建的, sensitive敏感的后 - 副后常的此后及其具体含如下:1.-ly意:以⋯⋯方式(in a...manner;etc.)聚精会神地,strangely 例:happily开心地,boldly大胆地,attentively陌生地, safely安全地,absolutely完全地注:一般在中出-ly后的都是副2.-ward ( s)意:表示方式或作的方向( manner and direction of movement)例:onward(s),backward(s),earthward ( s),homeward( s), eastward (s)3.-wise 意: 1)按照⋯⋯方式( in the manner of)例:crabwise,clockwise2)就⋯⋯而言(asfar as ...is concerned)例:weatherwise,educationwise4. 以 ly 后尾的副,比都是 +more,如more carefully,more useful 最高 +most 如 most carefully,most useful。
英语的后缀及词性判断
后缀是一种重要的构词法,通过后缀我们常常可以判断出一个词的词性。
下面分四大类分别讲解一些常见后缀及其含义:(1)名词后缀-ability(能力, 才干),ibility :able(能...的, 有才能的, 能干的, 能够的)—ability(能力, 才干)flexible(有弹性的,柔韧的)—flexibility(弹性, 适应性, 机动性, 挠性)arrive(到达, 抵达)—arrival(到来, 到达, 到达者)refuse(拒绝, 谢绝)—refusal(拒绝, 推却)-age意为:程度,数量等(extent;amount;etc.)例词:wastage,coverage,acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage-an, ian,arian : library(图书馆)—librarian(图书管理员)music(音乐,乐曲)—musician(音乐家)-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal-ance,ence : appear出现,公开露面—appearance出现,露面,外貌,外观refer(提交,谈及提到,涉及,查阅,咨询)—reference(提及,涉及,参考, 参考书目,证明书(人),介绍信(人))-ancy,ency : emerge(显现, 浮现, (事实)显现出来)—emergency(紧急情况,突然事件,非常时刻,紧急事件)expect(期待, 预期)—expectancy(期待, 期望)-ant,ent : apply(申请)—applicant(申请者)correspond(通信)—correspondent(通讯记者,通信者)-cy : accurate(正确的, 精确的)—accuracy(精确性, 正确度)private(私人的, 私有的, 私营的, 秘密的)—privacy(独处而不受干扰, 秘密)-dom : free(自由的, 免费的, 免税的, 免费)—freedom(自由, 自主, 直率, 特权)king(国王,君主,首领, 纸牌中的K,立...为王,做国王,统治)—kingdom(王国,天国, 上帝的统治, 领域)-ee : employ(雇用,用)—employee(职工,雇员)interview(接见,会见)—interviewee(被接见者,被访问者)-er,or,ar : -ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor paint(油漆,颜料)—painter(画家,油漆匠)beg(请求,乞求)—beggar(乞丐)-ery : brave(勇敢的)—bravery(勇敢)slave(奴隶)—slavery(奴隶身分, 奴隶制度)-ese: China(中国)—Chinese(中国的,)Japan(日本)—Japanese(日本的)-ess : actor(男演员)—actress(女演员)waiter(侍者, 服务员)—waitress(女服务生)hand(手)—handful(一把, 少数)-ette意为:1)小的东西(small)cigarette 2)假的东西(imitation)例词:leatherette 3)女性(female)例词:usherette hood : child(孩子, 儿女)—childhood(孩童时期)man(男人)—manbood(成年男子)-ful意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful-hood意为:时期(status;etc.)例词:boyhood,childhood,manhood-ics : electron(电子)—electronics(电子器件)linguist(语言学家)—linguistics(语言学)-ism :意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrine of,practice of)Marx(马克思)—Marxism(马克思主义)socialist(社会主义者)—socialism(社会主义)idealism,impressionism,absenteeism,racism-ist : psychiatry(精神病学)—psychiatrist(精神病医师)violin(小提琴)—violinist(小提琴演奏者)-ity,ty : cruel(残酷的,悲惨的)—cruelty(残忍,残酷)pure(纯的, 纯粹的)—purity(纯净,纯洁,纯度)-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(small,unimportant things)例词:booklet,leaflet,starlet-ment :move(移动, 迁居)—movement(运动,动作)retire(退休, 引退,退却)—retirement(退休,引退)-ness;-ity(ty)意为:状态,品质(state;quality;etc.)e.g.:happiness,usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability dark(黑暗, 夜)—darkness(黑暗, 漆黑)happy(快乐的, 幸福的)—happiness(幸福, 快乐)-ology : climate(气候, 风土)—climatology(气候学, 风土学)future(未来, 将来)—futurology(未来学)-ship : friend(朋友, 助手)—friendship(友谊, 友好)scholar(学者)—scholarship(奖学金, 学问,学识)-sion,ssion: decide(决定, 判决)—decision(决定,决心)expand(使膨胀,扩张)—expansion(扩充,开展)-th : grow(生长, 成长)—growth(生长, 种植)wide(宽的, 广阔的)—width(宽度)-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:action,oppression,possession,education,starva- tion 2)机构等(institution;etc.)例词:organization,foundation-ure : close关, 关闭—closure关闭,使终止expose使暴露,揭露—exposure暴露, 揭露二、动词后缀1.-ify意为:转为,变为,使。
英语词性后缀大全表
英语词性后缀大全表在英语中,词性后缀是针对词根或单词的一种附加形式,用于表示单词的不同词性。
通过添加不同的后缀,可以改变一个词的词性,从而使语言更加丰富多样。
以下是一些常见的英语词性后缀及其用法:1.-able/-ible–用于形容词后,表示“能够被…的”或“有能力…的”,如“可读的”(readable)、“可信的”(credible)。
2.-al–用于形容词后,表示“关于…的”或“与…相关的”,如“天文的”(astral)、“音乐的”(musical)。
3.-ed–用于动词后,表示过去式或完成式,如“跳跃过去的”(jumped)、“完成的”(finished)。
4.-er/-or–用于名词后,表示“做…的人”或“从事…职业的人”,如“作家”(writer)、“演员”(actor)。
5.-ful–用于形容词或名词后,表示“充满…的”或“具有…的”,如“充满爱心的”(graceful)、“美丽的”(beautiful)。
6.-ic–用于形容词或名词后,表示“关于…的”或“与…相关的”,如“金属的”(metallic)、“音乐的”(music)。
7.-ing–用于名词后,表示动词的进行时态,如“游泳”(swimming)、“写作”(writing)。
8.-less–用于形容词后,表示“没有…的”或“不具有…的”,如“无私的”(selfless)、“无知的”(clueless)。
9.-ly–用于形容词后,表示“像…的”或“以…方式”,如“快速地”(quickly)、“美丽地”(beautifully)。
10.-ment–用于名词后,表示“行为、状态或结果”,如“改变”(movement)、“改进”(betterment)。
11.-ous–用于形容词后,表示“含有…的”或“特定特征的”,如“危险的”(dangerous)、“光荣的”(glorious)。
12.-y–用于形容词后,表示“充满…的”或“具有…的”,如“温暖的”(sunny)、“快乐的”(happy)。
英语表示词性的常用后缀
英语表示词性的常用后缀一、名称后缀1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor2.-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(small,unimportant things)例词:booklet,leaflet,starlet3.-ette意为:1)小的东西(small)例词:cigarette 2)假的东西(imitation)例词:leatherette 3)女性(female)例词:usherette 4.-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actress,poetess,hostess,paintress5.-hood意为:时期(status;etc.)例词:boyhood,childhood,manhood6.-ship意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例词:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship7.-ful意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful8.-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:action,oppression,possession,education,starva- tion 2)机构等(institution;etc.)例词:organization,foundation9.-ment意为:状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:movement,enslavement,pavement10.-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal11.-age意为:程度,数量等(extent;amount;etc.)例词:wastage,coverage,acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage12.-ness;-ity(ty)意为:状态,品质(state;quality;etc.)例词:happiness,usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability13.-ism意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrine of,practice of)例词:idealism,impressionism,absenteeism,racism二、动词后缀1.-ify意为:转为,变为(to turn into,to make or become)例词:beautify,diversify,simplify2.-ize;-en意为:使……,变得……(to make or become ;to make into)例词:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten3.-ate意为:增加,使……(give or add,make or become)例词:originate,hydrogenate,validate,differentiate三、形容词后缀:1.-ful意为:充满,有(full of;hav- ing;giving;etc.)例词:useful,pitiful,hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful,fearful 2.-less意为:没有,无(without;not giving)例词:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless3.-ly意为:有……品质的(having the qualities of)例词:beastly,manly,brotherly,friendly4.-like意为:像……的(like)例词:childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like5.-y;-ish意为:像……一般的(somewhat like)例词:meaty,sandy,silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish6.-some意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(like;causing;having the quality of)例词:troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tiresome,bothersome7.-able(ible)意为:能……的;可以……的(able to be ;capable)例词:changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible8.-ed意为:有……的(having,etc.)例词:wooded,pointed,moneyed,odd-shaped9.-al意为:有……属性的,……类型的(nature of,typical of)例词:cultural,personal,regional,musical10.-ary(ory)意为:属于……的,与……相连的(belonging to;connected with)例词:revolutionary,imaginary,contradictory 11.-ous意为:富含……的;有……品质的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like)例词:glorious,erroneous,malicious,gracious12.-ic(ical)意为:……类的;属于……的(typical of;belonging to)例词:historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dramatic,heroic13.-ive意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的(having the nature or quality of;given or tending to)例词:attractive,talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive四、副词后缀1.-ly意为:以……方式(in a...manner;etc.)例词:happily,boldly,attentive- ly,strangely2.-ward(s)意为:表示方式或动作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例词:onward(s),backward(s),earthward (s),homeward(s),eastward(s)3.-wise意为:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例词:crabwise,clockwise2)就……而言(asfar as ...is concerned)例词:weatherwise ,educationwise有一个元音的单音节词,结尾只有一个单音辅音,在加元音后缀时,要双写这个辅音.例词:run + er = runner,hit + ing = hitting。
英语后缀词性
1.-ability表名词,“能…;性质”useability n 可用性(use用)inflammability n 易燃性(inflame点火+ablity)adaptability n 适应能力(adapt适应)可靠性dependability n 可靠性(depend依靠)variability n 变化性(vary变化)lovability n 可爱(love爱)2.-able 表形容词,“可…的,能…”knowable a 可知的inflammable a 易燃的(inflame点燃)trantable a 温顺的(travt 拉→拉得动→温顺的)conceivable a 想象得出的(conceive 设想,想象)desirable a 值得要的(desire 渴望)inviolable a 不右侵犯的(in 不+viol 冒犯+able ;参考:violate违反,冒犯impregnable a 攻不破的(im不+pregn拿住+able;参考:pregnant怀孕的)3.-ably 表副词,“能…地”suitably ab 恰当地(suit恰当)deoebdabky ab 可靠地(depend可靠)lovably ab 可爱地(love爱)4.-aceous表形容词,“具有…特征的”herbaceous a 草本植物的(herb草)pa[uraceous a 似纸的(papyr纸+aceous;参考:pspyrus莎草纸)curvacious a 有曲线美的(curve曲线)foliaceous a 叶状的(foli 叶+aceous;参考:foliage树叶)5.-acious表形容词,“有特征的,多…的”rapacious a 掠夺成性的(rape掠夺,强奸)sagacious a 睿智的(sage智者)capacious a 宽敞的(cap能→的+acious;参考:capble有能力的)fallacious a 错误的(fall错;参考:fallacy谬误)vivacious a 活泼的(viv活;参考:revive复活)audacious a 大胆的(aud大胆+acious;名词:audacity大胆)veracious a 真实的(ver真;参考:verify证实)lopuacious a 啰唆的(loqu讲话;参考:eloquent雄辩)salacious a 好色的(sal跳→见到女人就跳起来→好色)tenacious a 固执的(ten拿住;参考:tenable防守得住的)sequacious a 前后连贯的(sequ=secu跟随;参考:persecute迫害)voracious a 贪婪的(vor吃;参考:omnivorous无所不吃的)6.-acity表名词,“有…倾向”eapacity n 掠夺(rape掠夺)capacity n 容量;能力(cap容纳)loquavity n 健谈,多话(loqu讲话)ausacity n 大胆(auda大胆)veracity n 真实(ver真)tenacity n 固执(ten拿住)mendacity n 虚假;说谎(mend缺点;参考:amend弥补,改正)7.-acle 表名词,“…物品,状态”receptacle n 容器(recept接受)manacle n 手铐(man手;参考:manuscript手稿)miracle n 奇迹(mir惊奇;参考:mirror镜子)tentacle n 触角(tent触,摸;参考:attentive注意的,关心的)pinnacle n 尖塔(pinn尖+acle)obstacle n 障碍(ob在+sta{=stand 站}+acle→站在中间的物品→障碍)debacle n 解冻;崩溃(de去掉+bacle[=block]+acle→去掉大块东西→解冰块)8.-acy表名词,“→性质,状态”fallacy n 谬误,错误(fall错)supremacy n 至高无上(supreme崇高的)intimacy n 亲密(intim亲密;参考:intimate亲密的)conspiracy n 同谋(con共同+spir呼吸+acy→共同呼吸→同谋)celibacy n 独身(celib未婚;参考:celibate独身者)intricacy n 错综复杂(in进入+tric[=trifle琐碎事]+acy→进入琐碎之事)contumacy n 抗命,不服从(contum反叛+acy)9.ad表名词,“…东西,状态”doodad n 美观而无用之物myriad n 许多,无数(myri多+ad)ballad n 歌谣,歌曲(ball舞,歌)nomad n 流浪者,游牧人(nom流浪)10.表名词(1)表示“状态,物品”blockade n 封锁(block挡住)cannonade n 炮击(cannon大炮)decade n 十年(dec十;参考:decagon 十角形cockade n 帽章(cock帽边)lemonade n 柠檬水(lemon柠檬)arcade n 拱廊(arc弧形)brricade n 栅栏(barr栅栏+ic+adc)cascade n 小瀑布(casc下落+ade)(2)表示“个人或集体”brigade n 旅,队(brig战斗+ade)crusade n 十字军,改革运动(crus 十字+ade)cavalcade n 骑兵队(caval马+cade)renegade n 叛徒(renege背信弃义)11.-名词反缀(1)表示“状态,总称”tonnage n 吨位(ton 一吨)mileage n 英里数(mile英里)percentage n 百分比(percent百分之几)foliage n 树叶(foli树叶;参考:portfolio 文件夹)visage n 面貌(vis 看;参考:vision视力)advantage n 利益(ad+vant来到+age)verbiage n 冗词,赘语(verb词语)dotage n 老年昏愦(dot打盹+age)pilgrimage n 朝圣(pilgrim朝香客)marriage n 结婚(marry结婚)pillage n 掠夺(pill来自中世纪法语piller,意为“掠夺”)drainage n 排水(drain 排干)patronage n 赞助,惠客(patron赞助人)(2)表示“场所,物品”anchorage n 停泊地(anchor铁猫)village n 村庄(villa茅房,别墅)hermitage n 隐居处(hermit隐)士appendage n 附属物(append附属)heritage n 遗产(herit继承)beverage n 饮料(bever饮,喝+age)qreckage n 残骸,碎片(wreck残骸,破坏)(3)表示“费用”postage n 邮费(post邮局)railage n 铁路运费(rail铁路)towage n 拖(车、船)费(tow拖)waterage n 水运费(water水)12.-ain 表名词,“…人”captain n 船长(capt头+ain)chiefain n 酋长,头目(chief主要+tain人)villain n 恶棍(vill[=vile ]+ain)riverain n 住在河边的人(river河)13.-aire表名词millionaire n 百万富翁(million百万)koctrinaire n 教条者,空论家(doctrine教条)questionnaire n 调查表,问卷14。
英语词缀词性及其转化
英语中常见的后缀一、名词性后缀1,-age为抽象名词后缀,表示行为,状态和全体总称percentage百分数,百分率,voltage电压,伏特数,lavage灌洗,洗,出法,gavage管词法,curettage刮除法,shortage不足,缺少。
2,-cy表示抽象名词accuracy 准确,精确度,infancy婴儿期。
3,-ence、-ance表示性质和动作difference不同,interference干扰,干预,influence影响,感化,occurrence 发出,出现,violence激烈,暴力,existence存在,significance意义,意味。
4,-ency、-ancy抽象名词后缀difficiency不足,不全,tendency趋势,趋向,frequency频率,pregnancy 妊娠,emergency紧急,急救,fluency流利,流畅,sufficiency足够,充足,constancy坚定,经久不变。
5,-er表示…人、…者diameter直径,receiver接收者,接受者,carrier 携带者,beginner初学者,创始人,reader读者,shutter 快门,goiter甲状腺肿。
6,-ics表示…科学psdiatrics儿科学,psychiatrics精神病学,obstetrics产科学,orthopdics 矫形科学,auristrics耳科学,gnathostomatics口腔生理学,andriatrics男性医学,男性科。
7,-ian表示人称名词physician医师,内科医师,technician技术员8,-ication由动词变化而来的抽象名词,常译为…化simpliffcation 简化,calcification钙化,classification分类,分级,communication交流,交往。
9,-ing由动词变化而来的动名词nursing护理,typing分型,分类,mapping绘制…图,bleeding出血,vomiting 呕吐,softening变软,functioning使器官活动,使器官有功能,positioning 把…放在适当的位置,mathching和…相配,imaging成像。
英语常见-后缀+前缀-词性(全!!)
英语常见后缀词性1. 名词后缀 1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物:worker, debtor2)-acy, 表示/性质,状态,境遇/ democracy, accuracy, diplomacy3)-ance, -ence表示/性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度/ importance, diligence, difference, obedience4)-ancy, -ency, 表示/性质,状态,行为,过程/ frequency, urgency, efficiency5)-bility, 表示/动作,性质,状态/ possibility, flexibility, feasibility6)-dom, 表示/等级,领域,状态/ freedom, kingdom, wisdom7)-hood, 表示/资格,身份,年纪,状态/ childhood, manhood, falsehood8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示/行为的过程,结果,状况/ action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction9)-ism, 表示/制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为/ socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism10)-ity, 表示/性质,状态,程度/ purity, reality, ability, calamity11)-ment, 表示/行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument12)-ness, 表示/性质,状态,程度/ goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness13)-ship, 表示/情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业/ hardship, membership, friendship14)-th, 表示/动作,性质,过程,状态/ depth, wealth, truth, length, growth15)-tude, 表示/性质,状态,程度/ latitude, altitude(海拔)16)-ure, 表示/行为,结果/ exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续)17-grapy, 表示/……学,写法/ biography, calligraphy, geography18)-ic, ics, 表示/……学……法/ logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics19)-ology, 表示/……学……论/biology, zoology, technology(工艺学)20)-nomy, 表示/……学……术/ astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学)2. 形容词后缀 1)-able, -ible, visible, flexible2)名词-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish(注意accomplish, vanish)3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive4)-like, manlike, childlike5)名词-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly6)-some, troublesome, handsome7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful8)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various9)-ent, violent10)-most, foremost, topmost11)-less, 表示否定countless, stainless, wireless3. 动词后缀 1)-ize, ise, 表示/做成,变成,……化/ modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize2)-en, 表示/使成为,引起,使有/ quicken, weaken, soften, harden3)-fy, 表示/使……化,使成/ beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify4)-ish, 表示/使,令/ finish, abolish, diminish, establish5)-ate, 表示/成为……,处理,作用/ separate, operate, indicate4. 副词后缀 (形容词)-ly:bad→badly坏地,恶劣地,careful→carefully小心地-wise(OE):clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地); like→likewise同样地-wards:out→outwards向外面地,north→northwards向北方地英语常见前缀意思前缀没有特别重要的含义,只是表示简单的方向感,类似汉语中的前、后、左、右等,放在单词之首,配合词根来表达单词的含义,常用的有九种一.分表示否定的前缀1.dis-加在名词、形容词,动词之前。
英语常用词性后缀
英语常用词性后缀公司内部档案编码:[OPPTR-OPPT28-OPPTL98-OPPNN08]英语常用词性后缀1. 名词后缀1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物:worker, debtor2)-acy, 表示/性质,状态,境遇/ democracy, accuracy, diplomacy3)-ance, -ence表示/性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度/ importance, diligence, difference, obedience4)-ancy, -ency, 表示/性质,状态,行为,过程/ frequency, urgency, efficiency5)-bility, 表示/动作,性质,状态/ possibility, flexibility,feasibility6)-dom, 表示/等级,领域,状态/ freedom, kingdom, wisdom7)-hood, 表示/资格,身份,年纪,状态/ childhood, manhood, falsehood8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示/行为的过程,结果,状况/ action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction9)-ism, 表示/制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为/ socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism10)-ity, 表示/性质,状态,程度/ purity, reality, ability, calamity11)-ment, 表示/行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument12)-ness, 表示/性质,状态,程度/ goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness13)-ship, 表示/情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业/ hardship, membership, friendship14)-th, 表示/动作,性质,过程,状态/ depth, wealth, truth, length, growth15)-tude, 表示/性质,状态,程度/ latitude, altitude(海拔)16)-ure, 表示/行为,结果/ exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续)17-grapy, 表示/……学,写法/ biography, calligraphy, geography18)-ic, ics, 表示/……学……法/ logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics19)-ology, 表示/……学……论/biology, zoology, technology(工艺学)20)-nomy, 表示/……学……术/ astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学)2. 形容词后缀1)-able, -ible, visible, flexible2)名词-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish(注意accomplish, vanish)3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive4)-like, manlike, childlike5)名词-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly6)-some, troublesome, handsome7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful8)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various9)-ent, violent10)-most, foremost, topmost11)-less, 表示否定 countless, stainless, wireless3. 动词后缀1)-ize, ise, 表示/做成,变成,……化/ modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize2)-en, 表示/使成为,引起,使有/ quicken, weaken, soften, harden3)-fy, 表示/使……化,使成/ beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify4)-ish, 表示/使,令/ finish, abolish, diminish, establish5)-ate, 表示/成为……,处理,作用/ separate, operate, indicate4. 副词后缀(形容词)-ly:bad→badly坏地,恶劣地,careful→carefully小心地-wise(OE):clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地); like→likewise同样地-wards:out→outwards向外面地,north→northwards向北方地。
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名词后缀一般有-ment -tion -sion - al -ency -ant -ent -dom -ee -ship …形容词一般有-able、-iable 、-al、-ical、-ant、-ary、-ful、-less、-ous、-ious、-some、-y现代分词-ing .过去分词-ed …副词(adv):后缀为ly的大多为adv1)-ly, possibly, 2)-ward, -wards, downward, inwards, upward 3)-ways, always, sideways 4)-wise, otherwise, clockwise1. 名词后缀(1) 具有某种职业或动作的人1)-an, -ain, 表示"地方的人,精通…的人”American, historian,2)-al, 表示"具有…职务的人" principal, 3)-ant,-ent, 表示"…者” merch ant, agent, servant, student, 4)-ar, 表示"…的人” scholar, liar, peddler 5)-ard, -art, 表示"做…的人”coward, laggard, braggart(夸张者) 6)-arian, 表示"…派别/主义的人”humanitarian, 7)-ary, 表示"从事…的人" secretary, missionary 8)-ate, 表示"具有…职责的人" candidate, graduate 9)-ator, 表示"做…的人" educator, speculator(投机者) 10)-crat, 表示"某种政体,主义的支持者" democrat, bureaucrat 11)-ee, 表示"动作承受者" employee, examinee 12)-eer, 表示"从事于…人" engineer, volunteer13)-er, 表示"从事某种职业的人, 某地区,地方的人" banker, observer, Londoner, villager14)-ese, 表示" …国人,…地方的人”Japanese, Cantonese15)-ess, 表示"阴性人称名词,actress, hostess, manageress 16)-eur, 表示"…家” amateur, littérateur17)-ian, 表示"…地方人,从事…职业的人”Christian, physician(内科医生),musician18)-ician, 表示"精通者,…家,”electrician, magician, technician19)-icist, 表示"…家,…者, …能手”physi cist, phoneticist, technicist20)-ic, 表示"…者,…师" mechanic, critic 21)-ie, 表示"爱,指小" dearie, auntie, lassie(小姑娘) 22)-ier, 表示"从事…职业” cavalier, clothier, brazier(黄铜匠) 23)-ine, ian, 表示"阴性人称" heroine, ballerina 24)-ist, 表示"从事…研究者,信仰…主义者" pianist, dentist, artist, chemist 25)-ive, 表示"动作者,行为者” native, captive 26)-logist, 表示"…学家,研究者" biologist, geologist(地质学家) 27)-or, 表示"…者" author, doctor, operator, 28)-ster, 表示"做…事情的人”youngster, gamester(赌徒),songster 29)-yer, 表示" 从事…职业者” lawyer(2). 构成,具有抽象名词的含义1)-acy, 表示"性质,状态,境遇" accuracy, diplomacy 2)-age, 表示"状态,行为,身份及其结果,总称" courage, storage, marriage3)-al, 表示"事物的动作,过程”refusal, arriva l, survival,; 表示具体的事物signal, journal4)-ance, -ence表示"性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度” endurance, importance, , difference,5)-ancy, -ency, 表示"性质,状态,行为,过程" frequency, urgency, efficiency,6)-bility, 表示"动作,性质,状态" possibility, feasibility7)-craft, 表示"工艺,技巧” woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft(治国策)8)-cracy, 表示"统治,支配" bureaucracy, democracy 9)-cy, 表示"性质,状态,职位,级别" bankruptcy(破产),10)-dom,表示"等级,领域,状态" freedom, kingdom, wisdom 11)-ery, -ry, 表示"行为,状态,习性" bravery,12)-ety, 表示"性质,状态” variety, dubiety(怀疑)13)-faction, -facture, 表示"作成,…化,作用" satisfaction, manufacture14)-hood, 表示"资格,身份, 年纪,状态" childhood, manhood, falsehood15)-ice, 表示"行为,性质,状态" notice, justice, service 16)-ine, 表示"带有抽象概念" medicine, discipline, famine17)-ing, 表示"动作的过程,结果" building, writing, learning18)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行为的过程,结果,状况" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression,19)-ise, 表示"性质,状态” exercise, mercha ndise(商业)20)-ism, 表示"制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism21)-ity, 表示"性质,状态,程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity22)-ment, 表示"行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument23)-mony, 表示"动作的结果,状态" ceremony, testimony24)-ness, 表示"性质,状态,程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness25)-or, -our, 表示"动作,性质,状态" favor, error, 26)-osity, 表示"动作,状态” curiosity27)-ship, 表示"情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业” hardship, membership, friendship28)-th, 表示"动作,性质,过程,状态" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth29)-tude, 表示"性质,状态,程度" latitude, altitude(海拔)30)-ure, 表示"行为,结果" exposure, pressure, failure,,31)-y, 表示"行为的结果,状态,性质” glory, history, victory, inquiry (3) 带有场所,地方的含义1)-age, 表示"住所,地点" village, cottage 2)-ary, 表示"住所,场地" library, granary (谷仓)3)-ery, ry, 表示"工作场所,饲养所,地点" laundry, nursery, surgery(手术室)4)-ory, 表示"工作场所,住处" factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory(4) 带有学术,科技含义1)-grapy, 表示"…学,写法” biog raphy, calligraphy, geography 2)-ic, ics, 表示"…学…法" logic, mechanics, optics, electronics 3)-ology, 表示"…学…论”biology, zoology, technology(工艺学) 4)-nomy, 表示"…学…术" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学5)-ery, 表示"学科,技术" chemistry, cookery, machinery 6)-y, 表示"…学,术,法” photography, philosophy (5) 表示人和事物的总和,集合含义1)-age, baggage, tonnage 2)-dom, newspaperdom(新闻界) 3)-hood, neighbourhood, womanhood 4)-ery, cavalry, ministry(内阁) 5)-ure, legislature, judicature(6) 表示物品和物质名称的含义1)-ant, ent, solvent, constant 2)-al, signal, pictorial(画报) 3)ar, collar, pillar(石柱)4)- er, boiler, computer, washer, cooker 5)-ery, drapery(绸缎) 6)-ing, clothing, matting,7)-ment, instrument, equipment, attachment(7) 表示“细小”的含义1)-cle, particle, 2)-cule, molecule(分子) 3)-el, parcel 4)-en, chicken, maiden 5)-et, pocket, ticket6)-etta, -ette, etto, cigarette, essayette(短文) 7)-kin, napkin 8)-ling, duckling, 9)-let, booklet 10)-y, baby, doggy 2. 形容词后缀(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义1)-able, -ible, movable, comfortable, 2)-al, natural, additional, educational 3)-an, ane, urban, suburban, republican 4)-ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent 5)-ar, similar, popular, regular 6)-ary, military, voluntary7)-ice, -atie, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical, 8)-ine, masculine, feminine, marine 9)-ing, moving, touching, daring 10)-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish 11)-ive, active, impressive, decisive 12)-ory, satisfactory, compulsory 13)-il, -ile, -eel, fragile, genteel(文雅的)(2) 表示“相象,类似”的含义1)-ish, boyish, childish 2)-esque, picturesque 3)-like, manlike, childlike4)-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly 5)-some, troublesome, handsome 6)-y, milky, pasty(3) 表示“充分的”含义1)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful 2)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various 3)-ent, violent (4) 表示由某种物质形成,制成或生产的含义1)-en, wooden, golden, woolen 2)-ous, gaseous 3)-fic, scientific(5) 表示方向的含义1)-ern, eastern, western 2)-ward, downward, forward(6) 表示“倍数”的含义1)-ble, double, treble 2)ple, triple 3)-fold, twofold, tenfold(7) 表示“数量关系”的含义1)-teen, thirteen 2)-ty, fifty 3)-th, fourth, fiftieth(8) 表示国籍,语种,宗教的含义1)-an, Roman, European 2)-ese, Chinese, 3)-ish, English, Spanish(9) 表示“比较程度”的含义1)-er, greater 2)-ish, reddish, yellowish 3)-est, highest 4)-most, foremost, topmost(10)其他的含义: -less, 表示否定,countless, stainless, wireless3. 动词后缀1)-ize, ise, 表示"做成,变成,…化“modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize2)-en, 表示"使成为,引起,使有” quicken, weaken, soften, harden3)-ify, 表示"使…化, 使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify4)-ish, 表示"使,令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish5)-ate, 表示“成为…,处理,作用” separate, operate, indicate。