江苏专用019高考英语二轮专题四任务型阅读第二节分类突破二转换词汇类优选习题
江苏专版高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题四任务型阅专题限
江苏专版高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题四任务型阅专题限江苏专版高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题四任务型阅专题限时检测二十四任务型阅读,高考英语二轮复习,高考英语二轮词汇强化训练,高考英语二轮复习计划,2022年版高考英语浙江版二轮,高考英语二轮专项复习教学设计,3年高考2年模拟高考英语二轮,高考英语专版第三期报纸,高考英语刷题能手江苏专版答案,巧计高考英语词汇专题限时检测(二十四) 任务型阅读(一)(限时24分钟)A(2022年苏、锡、常、镇高三三模)When It's Not Quite a Wonderful LifeA 2022年study by researchers might make you think twice about difficult holiday emotions. They followed dozens of bus drivers for two weeks, looking to see when they flashed fake versus sincere smiles at their passengers. The results showed that on days when the drivers tried to put on an act and pretend to be in a good mood, their actual moods got worse. This wasespecially true for women. And another research suggests that people who really want to be happy actually obtain less happiness from positive experiences, apparently because their expectations are too high. Again and again, trying to gain happiness despite no preference seems to have the opposite result.The results of the bus driver study can be explained by researchers Oliver John and James Gross, who found that negative feelings like sadness or anger only intensify when we try to suppress (压制) them. That's because we feel bad about ourselves when our outward appearance contradicts how we truly feel inside. What's more, when we suppress emotions like sadness, we deny them the important function they serve. If we don't recognize sadness we might not take the necessary steps to improve the situation. Expressing our sadness can also get comfort and compassion from those who care about us, strengthening our bonds.Recently, scientists have also been paying special attention to the benefits of mindfulness. When you respond mindfully to an emotional trigger (诱因), you pause rather than react, and then you can escape getting troubled by thoughtfulness. Rather than scold yourself, you simply notice what you're feeling withoutjudging that response as right or wrong. Studies suggest that a mindful response to a negative event reduces the amount of sadness we experience, is associated with less depression and anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits, such as lowering our heart rates.Unavoidably, the holidays will bring a mix of highs and lows. Perhaps the most important lesson to keep in mind is that this variety of emotions might be the best thing possible for your overall wellbeing.That was the key insight from a study published in 2022年by a team of researchers1江苏专版高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题四任务型阅专题限时检测二十四任务型阅读,高考英语二轮复习,高考英语二轮词汇强化训练,高考英语二轮复习计划,2022年版高考英语浙江版二轮,高考英语二轮专项复习教学设计,3年高考2年模拟高考英语二轮,高考英语专版第三期报纸,高考英语刷题能手江苏专版答案,巧计高考英语词汇from Yale University. Their survey of more than 37,000 people found that, after experiencing a greater variety and abundance of emotions consistently linked to lower depression,people took less medication, visited doctors less frequently, spent fewer days in hospitals, practiced better dietary and exercise habits, and smoked less.In other words, sadness, anger, and other difficult emotions are like so many other parts of the holidays, they're nothing to fear. Just make sure you're balancing them with lighter experiences.2江苏专版高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题四任务型阅专题限时检测二十四任务型阅读,高考英语二轮复习,高考英语二轮词汇强化训练,高考英语二轮复习计划,2022年版高考英语浙江版二轮,高考英语二轮专项复习教学设计,3年高考2年模拟高考英语二轮,高考英语专版第三期报纸,高考英语刷题能手江苏专版答案,巧计高考英语词汇语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项关于消极情感的研究。
(江苏专版)高考英语二轮复习-增分技巧突破-阅读理解专题检测阅读理解词义猜测类之代词指代题
专题限时检测（二十三）阅读理解词义猜测类之代词指代题（加★的为代词指代题，本卷限时23 分钟）A（2017 ·南京市、盐城市高三模拟考试）A little social support from your best buds goes a long way, whether you're a human or a chimpanzee （黑猩猩）. A new study thatfollowed a chimpanzee community in the forests of Uganda has found that quality time with close companions significantly decreased stress hormone levels in the primates —whether they were resting, grooming or facing off against rival groups.The findings, described this week in the journal Nature Communications, shed light on the physiological effects of close companionship on chimpanzees —and could have implications for human health too.Researchers have long known that stress can worsen health and raise the risk of early death in humans as well as other social mammals.“It can have effects on immune function, cardio function, fertilit y, cognition, and even your mood，” said study co-author Kevin Langergraber, a primatologist at Arizona State University.Maintaining close social bonds can help these animals （humans included） reduce some of that stress, potentially minimizing some health risks. But scientists have yet to pin down the exact physiological mechanisms at work.“Social bonds make you survive and produce better —but how do they dothat ？” Langergraber said.To find out, the international team of researchers studied members of the Sonso chimpanzee community in Uganda's Budongo Forest, a group consisting of 15 males, 35 females and 28 juveniles and infants during the study period from February 2008 to July 2010.Like humans, chimpanzees tend to have besties —bond partners with whom they appear to feel close. The researchers wanted to see whether interactions with these bond partners led to lower stress levels during particularly stressful situations, such as when fighting rival groups, or whether time spent with friends helped lower stress levels more generally, throughout the day.The scientists observed the chimpanzees perform three types of activities: resting, grooming or quarrelling with other groups of chimpanzees. The researchers kept track of whether the chimpanzees were doing any of these three things withtheir bond partners or with other chimpanzees in their group.A team of up to six observers watched the chimpanzees and followed them around to collect urine （尿液） samples. The samples, collected from nine adult male andeight adult female chimpanzees, were tested to see how much of the stress hormone cortisol they contained.The scientists found that chimpanzees' levels of urinary cortisol were 23% lower, on average, during the activities when they were with their bond partner. This was especially true for stressful activities, such as the intergroup rivalries, where any chimpanzee on the front line might face physical harm or even death.The findings in chimpanzees, some of our closest living relatives, could shed light on the role such close social relationships play in human health too, he said. Such friendships may be just as important during good times as bad —though more research needs to be done before any conclusions can be drawn.“This has interest for a lot of people in a medical context as well ，”Langergraber said.1．The scientists carried out research into a chimpanzee community in UgandaA．to seek evidence of benefits of social bonds from physiological anglesB．to uncover whether social bonds make humans surviveC．to study how chimpanzees perform three types of activitiesD．to train chimpanzees to maintain close social bonds with each other解析：选 A 推理判断题。
江苏专版高考英语二轮复习与策略第1部分专题4任务型阅读三类考查形式的解题技巧讲练
专题四任务型阅读三类考查形式的解题技巧考查形式1 原文词汇1.命题特点：此类题考查学生捕捉文中信息的能力。
常占总题量的50%- 60%难度不大，关键是信息的定位与筛选。
2•解题技巧（1）有些原文词汇难度不大，学生只需要结合题目所在句子在原文中找到句意相同的句子即可。
此时题目所在的句子和原文句子同样比较简短。
[典例1] （2016 -江苏高考）lt provides a dozen definitions of a key term for usto find the 75. ___________ of the matter.【解析】本题对应第三段中的which helps me dig into the core and un dersta ndits meaning ，指找出问题的"核心/关键”，故填heart/core 。
[典例2] （2015 •江苏高考）Serious readers will both get excited over whathappe ns in some n ews stories and 79. ______ themselves to the reality.【解析】本题对应倒数第二段中的he pulls himself in to the world of surrou ndingreality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work ，且空前的and 连接两个并列成分，前后形式应一致，因此这里用动词原形adapt o（2）有少数原文词汇题比较复杂，常表现在题目所在句简短而原文所在句很长，或原文和题目所在句均很长。
在这两种情况下，由于题目所在句是对原文所在句进行了句型转换，意思一样，但原文词汇显得更加隐蔽，基础差的同学往往发现不了。
此时，学生要认真比对信息，通过筛选和甄别，最终锁定原文词汇。
江苏专用2019高考英语二轮增分策略 专题四 任务型阅读 第二节 分类突破 一 原文词汇类习题
第二节分类打破一、原文词汇类(2021·江苏)Population ChangeWhy is the world’s population growing？The answer is not what you might think.The reason for the explosion is not that people have been reproducing like rabbits，but that people have stopped dropping dead like flies.In 1900，people died at the average age of 30.By 2000 the average age was 65.But while increasing health was a typical feature of the 20th century，declining birth rate could be a defining one of the 21st.e，around 50% of the world’s population live in regions where the figure is now below the replacement level (i.e.2.1 births per woman) and almost all developed nations are experiencing sub-replacement birth rate.You might think that developing nations would make up the loss (especially since 80% of the world’s people now live in such nations)，but you’d be wrong.Declining birth rate is a major problem in many developing regions too，which might cause catastrophic global shortages of work force within a few decades.A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China，for instance.What does it imply？First，d，if other factors such as technology remain constant，economic growth and material expectations will fall well below recent standards and this could invite trouble.Russia is another country with population problems that could break its economic promise.Since 1992 the number of people dying has been bigger than that of those being born by a massive 50%.Indeed official figures suggest the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993 and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961.Why is this occurring？Nobody is quite sure，but poordiet and above all long-time alcoholism have much to do with it.If current trends don’t bend，Russia’s population will be about the size of Yemen’s by the year 2050.In the north of India，the population is booming due to high birth rates，but in the south，where most economic development is taking place，birth rate is falling rapidly.In a further twist，birth rate is highest in poorly educated rural areas and lowest in hi ghly educated urban areas.In total,25% of India’s working-age population has no education.In 2030，a sixth of the country’s potential work force could be totally uneducated.One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration.As for the USA，r，the USA has a track record of successfully accepting immigrants.As a result it’s likely to see a rise in the size of its working-age population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term.考场思想模式第一步：读表格，知文章粗心经过略读树状图，可知本文话题是“人口降落〞，而且剖析了几个国家存在的人口问题。
2020江苏高考英语二轮讲义：专题四 任务型阅读
考情分析命题规律命题预测高考任务型阅读主要考查考生在限定的时间内获取信息、加工处理信息、 综合概括信息和表达信息的能力。
相对于阅读理解，它更注重对考生在语言输入的基础上加强语言输出能力的考查，要求对摄取信息进行分析、概括、整理、理解并根据需要进行综合运用，属于综合能力考查题。
考题形式主要以表格形和树状形为主，文章体裁主要以议论文和说明文为主，阅读量大。
统计数据表明：在近三年的江苏高考任务型阅读中，原词再现题与词义转换归纳题所占的比例较大。
1.文章一般在400－470词之间。
2．选材以议论文、说明文为主。
3．任务型阅读侧重考查语篇分析和文章脉络的剖析，即考查文章的结构和框架。
考生要在分析了解文章篇章结构的基础上，认真对照图表上所要完成的任务，逐一对照原文进行信息的筛选。
4．任务型阅读要求考生不但要掌握具体事实情节，又要理解其深层含义，包括作者的态度、观点、意图等，掌握所读材料的主旨大意、中心思想；既要理解文章的含义及逻辑关系，又要根据其含义及逻辑关系进行判断和推理，运用材料中的信息去理解、分析问题。
5．大部分题目选择需从全文2020年高考任务型阅读将继续坚持在词汇转换、句式转换、段落归纳能力的考查的基础上，加强对考生文章大意、文章结构、提纲和框架的考查。
同时会加大对题目信息的寻找难度，考查考生能力的考点会相对增加。
出发，根据前后语境或行文逻辑才能作出判断，体现了“突出语篇”的命题风格。
[学生用书P88]一、常用阅读方法1．扫读扫读图表，分析表格结构和内容，理清其显示的层次关系，明确任务要求。
要特别注意表格前的小标题，它通常就是段落和表格的主题句。
一般题目的结构是：(1)全文的标题：在标题中缺少一个关键词，根据文章填出所缺的关键词。
(2)各段大意：试题中给出各段大意，在给出的信息中缺少一些关键内容，学生把文章的各段对应起来，找准信息。
(3)对各段大意的详细的阐述：从文章各段或分散在全文的对应的信息点出发，这要求学生有高度驾驭语篇的能力，在文章中找到准确的信息完成填空。
2021版高考英语二轮(江苏专用)教师用书： 专题4 任务型阅读含解析
专题四任务型阅读(对应学生用书第85页)一、考情揭秘任务型阅读题在测试学生阅读理解能力的基础上，对阅读信息进行二次加工，归纳要点，筛选、整合和综合概括零散信息，以表格的形式侧重考查学生的单词拼写、词性转换、句式转换、段落归纳等综合能力。
特别要求学生掌握文章大意和分析文章结构、提纲和框架。
该题型有如下特点：1．题型结构任务型阅读由两部分组成：阅读材料和表格。
它要求学生阅读所给材料，填写完成表格中空缺的信息。
阅读材料为一篇500词左右的文章，在文章后设10道小题，每小题只填一词，所有题目都呈现在表格中。
2．题目类型任务型阅读设题灵活，主要考查以下四种题型。
(1)直接信息题。
这类题目考查学生基础，学生可以一边阅读一边从文章中直接找出答案。
(2)信息转换题。
这类题目主要考查学生的语法与词汇知识，如同义词转换、实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词)之间词性与词形转换等。
(3)信息概括题。
这类题目主要考查学生的信息筛选能力和语言概括能力。
二、阅读方法任务型阅读的读文方式有多种，下面介绍一种既能提高解题速度又能提高读文针对性的技巧，供大家在今后的解题中尝试运用。
第一步：扫读表格——把握表格结构，理清层次关系扫读表格，分析表格的设计结构，理清其显示的层次关系，初步了解文章的发展脉络及大体内容，同时，根据语法知识初步判断空缺位置所需词语的词性变化及形式要求。
建议先看表格，这样我们就可以根据表格的内容了解文章的大意和行文结构。
1．表格的一般结构(1)全文的标题：全文的标题一般放在第一行，理解文章的标题有助于把握全文的主旨大意，阅读时要多加关注。
(2)各段的大意：表格的左栏一般为文章各段的大意，利用表格与文章顺序的一致性有助于锁定解题的信息区间。
(3)对各段内容的详细阐述：表格的右栏一般为左栏各段大意的进一步阐述，其中的表述一般为文章各段内容的转换和概括。
2．阅读表格的关注点(1)要特别注意表格前的小标题，它通常就是段落和表格的主题句。
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题四任务型阅读讲义
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题四任务型阅读讲义 [江苏高考任务型阅读近五年考情统计]年份标题词数阅读文体xx Population Change 488 说明文xx An Extension of the Human Brain 430 说明文xx What News Stories Do You Read？411 说明文xx What Is Peer Pressure 407 议论文xx Quiet Virtue: The Conscientious 414 说明文[说]从上表可以看出，近五年任务型阅读文章的体裁以说明文为主，偶有议论文出现，词数在400～500之间，一般都比较难。
这类文章结构清晰，很容易把握文章脉络。
在题材的选取上更加富有时代气息，更加贴近考生的实际生活。
xx年江苏高考任务型阅读“难度依旧”，是全卷中难度最大的题。
要想任务型阅读得高分，考生必须具备极强的信息转换和概括能力！在复习中，要注意以下几点：1．注意对词义和词性转化的积累，提高对固定搭配的敏感度。
2．重视对句子、段落与文章之间的逻辑关系的剖析，多进行概括总结题的训练。
3．熟读课文和历年高考真题中的任务型阅读、完形填空和阅读理解经典篇目，培养对原汁原味文章深入理解的语感。
[感悟真题](xx·江苏高考)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个．．最恰当的单词。
每个空格只填一个单词。
Population ChangeWhy is the world's population growing? The answer is not what you might think. The reason for the explosion is not that people have been reproducing like rabbits, but that people have stopped dropping dead like flies. In 1900, people died at the average age of 30. By xx the average age was 65. But while increasing health was a typical feature of the 20th century, declining birth rate could be a defining one of the 21st.Statistics show that the average number of births per woman has fallen from 4.9 in the early 1960s to 2.5 nowadays. Furthermore, around 50% of the world's population live in regions where the figure is now below the replacement level (i.e. 2.1 birthsper woman) and almost all developed nations are experiencing subreplacement birth rate. You might think that developing nations would make up the loss (especially since 80% of the world's people now live in such nations), but you'd be wrong. Declining birth rate is a major problem in many developing regions too, which might cause catastrophic global shortages of work force within a few decades.A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China, for instance. What does it imply? First, China needs to undergo rapid economic development before a population decline hits the country. Second, if other factors such as technology remain constant, economic growth and material expectations will fall well below recent standards and this could invite trouble.Russia is another country with population problems that could break its economic promise. Since 1992 the number of people dying has been bigger than that of those being born by a massive 50%. Indeed official figures suggest the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993 and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961. Why is this occurring? Nobody is quite sure, but poor diet and above all longtime alcoholism have much to do with it. If current trends don't bend, Russia's population will be about the size of Yemen's by the year 2050.In the north of India, the population is booming due to high birth rates, but in the south, where most economic development is taking place, birth rate is falling rapidly. In a further twist, birth rate is highest in poorly educated rural areas and lowest in highly educated urban areas. In total, 25% of India's workingage population has no education. In 2030, a sixth of the country's potential work force could be totally uneducated.One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration. As for the USA, it is almost unique among developed nations in having a population that is expected to grow by 20% from xx－2030. Moreover, the USA has a track record of successfully accepting immigrants. As a result it's likely to see a rise in the size of its workingage population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term.[答案与解析]语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。
江苏省普通高等学校2022年高三英语招生考试资源练习：题型四 任务型阅读 试卷二 Word版含解析
试卷二（2022·江苏卷）An Extension of the Human BrainOther people can help us compensate for our mental and emotional deficiencies（欠缺）, much as a wooden leg can compensate for a physical deficiency. To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions. When another person helps us in such ways, he or she is participating in what I’ve called a “social prosthetic（义肢的）system.”Such systems do not need to operate face to face and it’s clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems. It’s already a big bank of many minds. Even in its current state, the Internet has extended my memory and judgment.Regarding memory: Once I look up something on the Internet, I don’t need to keep all the details for future use—I know where to find that information again and can quickly and easily do so. More generally, the Internet functions as if it were my memory. This function of the Internet is particularly striking when I’m writing; I’m no longer comfortable writing if I’m not connected to the Internet. It’s become natural to check facts as I write, taking a minute or two to dip into PubMed, Wikipedia, or other websites.Regarding judgment: The Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large. For example, when I’m writing a textbook, it has become second nature to check a dozen definitions of a key term, which helps me dig into the core and understand its meaning. But more than that, I now regularly compare my views with those of many others. If I have a “new idea,”I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thought of it, or something similar—and I then compare what I think with what others have thought. This certainly makes my own views clearer. Moreover, I can find out whether my reactions to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.These effects of the Internet have become even more striking since I’ve begun using a smartphone. I now regularly pull out my phone to check a fact, watch a video, read Weibo. Such activities fill the spaces, that used to be dead time(such as waiting for somebody to arrive for a lunch meeting).But that’s the upside（好处）. The downside is that in those dead periods I often would let my thoughts flow and sometimes would have an unexpected insightor idea. Those opportunities are now fewer and farther between.Title：An Extension of the Human BrainA prosthetic nature●The (1) can help make up for our mental and emotional deficiencies as a wooden leg can compensate for a bodily deficiency●It (2) in our daily events, extending our intelligence, comprehending our feelings, and expanding the range of social activitiesWonderful aspects:memory and judgment●On the Internet, we could quickly and easily locate the details, and check facts, without (3) them in mind●The Internet makes us smarter over (4) kinds of things. It provides a dozen definitions of a key term for us to find the (5) of the matter●The Internet enables us to exchange ideas with many others to (6) our claims, and to (7) our actionsThe (8) sides of smartphones●Smartphones make it easier and more (9) to check reality, watch video clips, read Weibo●Smartphones (10) the possibility for new and insightful minds, and steal away our dead time试卷二1. Internet2. participates/joins3. keeping4. all/different/various5. heart/core6. check7. judge8. mixed/two9. convenient10. reduce。
2020江苏高考英语二轮专题强化训练：专题四 任务型阅读
任务型阅读(一)[学生用书P151(单独成册)](建议用时：25分钟)A(2019·江苏四星级学校联考)When you listen to artists like JayZ,or Common, just the thought of freestyle rap might be frightening enough to make your shy away. Scientific research shows that rap might offer you an opportunity for selfexploration and expression. Besides, freestyle rap might improve your brain’s creative power, too, and when it does, it can free you from boredom and relax you from everyday tasks. Here’s how.In a study, brain researcher Siyuan Liu and his colleagues compared freestyle rap and rehearsed rap of native English speakers to see how their brains operated under both conditions. When you perform a rehearsed act, the lateral prefrontal cortex(PFC)(额叶前皮层), which is instrumental in thought control and recall, is activated. But they found that for more spontaneous(自发的) singing, the lateral PFC is not activated because you rely more on strong emotions to find the right language without the distraction of prepared melodies. When trying to complete a task, your focused brain is essential. But for creativity, your brain must go into regrouping mode to avoid habits and form new ideas. Freestyle rap will train you to access this capacity in your brain.During this rap study, leftsided brain regions which are responsible for language and movement were also activated. These regions are usually activated by the act of speaking, so there was no surprise that rapping had the same effect. However, freestyle rap causes these regions to be activated above normal, which indicates that something special occurs. Freestyle rap requires you to find novel words and phrases that rhyme. This search for unique language patterns is a way to train your brain to become more creative. However, words are not all the same. By making freestyle rap part of your everyday routine, you will add emotional weight to your words, allowing you to communicate in a more effective and accurate way.The rehearsed and freestyle rappers in the study had no difference in movement. They produced the same number of syllables, and the primary movement areas in the brain were similar in both groups. However, there was greater involvement of secondary movement areas in freestyle rap. When secondary movement areas engage, the movement is more enriched. This is similar to the wayan inspired figure skater moves as opposed to that of a wellrehearsed skater who goes on technically but without the same beautiful sense of timing. Secondary movement in rap reflects the demand for rap speed, the rushed need to find the best words, and the way such words fit with a rhythm. Consequently, when you want to express yourself at greater speed to catch someone’s attention or create a bigger impact in a meeting or something like that, your essay in freestyle rap can be of great help to you.To understand the connections between the different brain regions, the researchers of the study expanded to further analyses. The results indicated that freestyle rap requires the brain to access special regions involved with emotion and motivation. This makes sense when you think about the emotional intensity(强度) behind JayZ’s rap tracks that require him to process information and storylines. In this way, freestyle rap reminds you to invest in what you truly care about. Rather than functioning like a robot in your daytoday life, you can put your unique spin on things.Benefits of freestyle rap ★It might enable you to explore and express yourself.★It may empower your brain with creativity.★It can help you 1.________ yourself of boredom and daily tasks.You learn tolet go ★Unlike rehearsed rap, performing freestyle rap 3.________ to activate the lateral PFC.★When completing freestyle rap, you turn to your emotions and your brain becomes more focused.★Freestyle rap trains your brain to be creative—no longer under the 4.________ of your habits and forming new ideas.Four waysfreestyle rap 2．______a betteryouYou gain5．_____to powerfulwords ★Freestyle rap can also activate your brain regions 6.________ for language and movement.★With freestyle rap, you need to search for novel words and phrases in rhyme.★Freestyle rap helps give emotional weight to your words, allowing you to communicate effectively and accurately.续 表You become a fascinatingspeaker ★Besides the primary movement areas’7.________ in both rapper groups, secondary movement areas are more activated in freestyle rap.★Secondary movement in rap signals the need for speed, word selection and ways to make words arranged in rhyme.★Your attempt at freestyle rap can 8.________ you in attracting others on occasions like a meeting.\You find emotional richness and motivation ★Freestyle rap requires the brain to access special regions concerning emotion and motivation.★Freestyle rap makes 9.________ on rappers to process information and storylines.★Freestyle rap reminds you to devote yourself to what really 10.________ you.答案：1.rid 2.unlocks/makes 3.fails 4.control5．access 6.responsible 7.involvement 8.benefit9．demands 10.interestsB(2019·江苏四校高三下学期调研)Generally speaking, people often quickly return to a set level of happiness despite life’s ups and downs. For instance, people who win the lottery(彩票抽奖) tend to return to roughly their original level of happiness after the novelty of the win has worn off. The same is true for those who are in major accidents and lose the use of their legs. The change in the ability can be damaging at first, but people generally return to their preaccident levels of happiness after the habituation period. This phenomenon is called hedonic adaptation(享乐适应)．There are activities that are more or less affected by hedonic adaptation. Some of these activities are known as pleasures. They can lift your mood and leave you feeling great, but their effects can be relatively temporary. What’s more, we get used to them relatively quickly. If you have the same meal every day for a week, for example, you may find it to be less pleasurable by the end of the week. Satisfactions are also such activities affected by hedonic adaptation. They can get us into a feeling of “flow”where we don’t notice the passage of time and are thoroughlydevoted to what we’re doing. Satisfactions are activities that require more effort and thought, but the payoff is higher as well. The more we devote, the more we enjoy!Knowing that pleasures are temporary in their effects may make them seem less worth the effort than satisfactions. There are reasons why they can be perfect for certain situations, however. First, they bring a quick lift in the mood without a great deal of effort. This is actually quite valuable because there is significant research that shows that a lift in the mood can lead to a chain reaction of positive feelings. Second, satisfactions do take more effort, so when you only have a few minutes or a very limited amount of energy, pleasures are often the simpler and more accessible option.Thankfully, we can do something to move away from the limiting effects of hedonic adaptation and participate in activities that can create a greater level of happiness in life. For example, be sure to make time for hobbies! It doesn’t really matter what the hobby is; as long as it’s one you enjoy, you’ll benefit from it, and these benefits will extend into the rest of your life. It’s also a good idea to help other people as this can make your life more meaningful, and thus create greater happiness. Enjoying your positive experiences is also a great way to maximize the positive in your life. So at the end of the day, a few days a week, write about three things you enjoyed that day. Then you’ll be reliving these positive experiences as you write about them, and can relive them again when you read.Hedonic AdaptationThe 1.______ of hedonicadaptation Hedonic adaptation is a phenomenon where people 2.________ to quickly return to a relatively stable level of happiness in spite of major positive or negative events or life changes.Activities influenced by hedonic adaptation ★Pleasures·They are helpful in keeping our spirits up and making us feel cheerful, but such positive effects go 3.________．·The longer they stay, the less happy people may feel. That is, people’s 4.________ to them occurs after a very short period of time.★Satisfactions·Compared with pleasures, they take us more effort but can bringmore lasting results. In other words, they are less affected by hedonic adaptation.·The enjoyment people get from satisfactions is in direct 5.________ to the effort and thought they devote.6.________ of pleasuresoversatisfactions ★Pleasures can lighten our mood quickly and are 7.________ to achieve.★Pleasures are a better choice when our time or energy is limited.8.________ on reducing theeffects of hedonicadaptation ★Take up hobbies, whatever they are, which 9.________ to you, and enjoy the benefits from them.★Help others and it can make you live in a happier and more 10.________ way.★Enjoy your positive experiences by regularly recording them and relive them in the course of your writing and reading.答案：1.definition 2.tend 3.quickly 4.adaptation5．proportion/relation 6.Advantages 7.easy8．Tips/Suggestions/Advice 9.appeal10．meaningful任务型阅读(二)[学生用书P153(单独成册)](建议用时：30分钟)A(2019·江苏七市调研)As the concept of emotional intelligence(EI) has gone global, we’ve watched professionals fail as they try to improve their emotional intelligence because they either don’t know where to focus their efforts or they haven’t understood how to improve these skills on a practical level. In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you’re looking to develop particular EI strengths, it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve—and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.The first step is to get a sense of how your selfperception (how you see yourself) differs from your reputation (how others see you)．This is especially true for the development of emotional intelligence because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions. For example, most of us think that we’re good listeners, but very often that’s really not the case. Without this external reality check, it will be difficult for you to identify the ways that your actions affect your performance. Getting feedback from others can also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so.To give you the best sense of where the differences lie between your selfperception and reputation, you should use a 360degree feedback assessment that takes the multiple facets of EI into account. The key is to find one that guarantees confidentiality to those giving you feedback and that is focused on development and not on performance assessment.Secondly, when you get your feedback from an assessment, let that inform what you want to improve. But also consider what your goals are. When it comes to cultivating strengths in emotional intelligence, you’re at a huge disadvantage if you’re only interested because others said you should be. Your emotional intelligence is so tied up in your sense of self that being intrinsically(内在地) motivated to make the effort matters more when changing longstanding habits than it does when simply learning a skill.That means the areas that you choose to actively work on should lie at the intersection of the feedback you’ve gotten and the areas that are most important to your own aspirations(渴望). Understanding the impacts of your current EI habits relative to your goals will keep you going over the long haul as you do the work of strengthening your emotional intelligence.Once you’ve determined which EI skills you want to focus on, identify specific actions that you’ll take. If you’re working on becoming a better listener, for example, you might decide that when you’re conversing with someone you’ll take the time to pause, listen to what they have to say, and check that you understand before you reply. Keep it specific. You should also take every naturally occurring opportunity to practice the skill you’re developing, no matter how small.By starting to change your routine reactions, you’ll be well on your way to figuring out the old habits that aren’t serving you well and transforming them into new, improved ones that do.Passage outline Supporting detailsIntroductionThough globally acknowledged, EI still 1.________ professionals, for theyaren’t aware how to improve it.Spot the 2.________between selfperception and reputation ·With the external reality check, we are 3.________ of understanding ourinteractions accurately.·We are 4.________ to change our behavior by getting outside feedback.·We are expected to 5.________ how selfperception differs from reputation in all aspects.Find out what 6.________ to us ·We should clearly 7.________ our goals and focus our effort on improving ourselves instead of just learning a skill.·8.________ the outside feedback with our goals can give us support on the way to strengthening our EI.Approaches tostrengthening EIIdentify whatchanges we willmake Be 9.________ about the actions and take advantage of every possible opportunity to practice EI skills.续 表Passage outline Supporting detailsSummary10.________ useless old habits and develop newones in areas for improvement.答案：1.confuses/puzzles 2.differences 3.capable4．motivated 5.assess 6.matters/counts 7.recognize/know/identify bining 9.specific/clear/explicit 10.Remove/Abandon/QuitB(2019·苏州高三调研)Are We More Narcissistic Than Ever Before?Like the flower, narcissism(自恋) has continued to flourish in modern civilization, which hasbecome such a part of culture.But narcissism in psychology is more than a single question can capture, which really has three types of narcissism.Problems arise when people discuss narcissism without identifying the form.Grandiose(浮夸) narcissism is the outgoing, extraverted(外向) form.The narcissistic individual believes he or she is smarter, betterlooking and more important than others.And, of course, he or she gets special treatment for this fact.In fact, some of them can be very charming, likable and enjoy people.On the opposite side, narcissistic relationships are often not very emotionally warm or caring.Vulnerable(脆弱) narcissism is the second flavor of narcissism.It is harder to see than grandiose narcissism.Vulnerable narcissists think they have the right to get special treatment and greatness but actually have low selfconfidence and are not typically extraverted.Imagine someone living in his mum’s small room.He spends his evenings watching The X Factor believing he should be the next famous star singing act.Unfortunately, he hasn’t the confidence to do it and instead becomes a netizen, who posts offensive, controversial, or divisive materials on an Internet community.The third form of narcissism occurs when narcissism is extreme and causes clinically serious problems in a person’s life—marriages fall apart, friends are lost, a career is over.When this occurs narcissism can be identified as a personality disorder—narcissistic personality disorder (also known as NPD), containing a mix of both grandiose and vulnerable narcissism.Can you change narcissism or NPD? There is no simple answer to this.For grandiose narcissism, what I often do is suggest practicing caring and compassion, doing what you are passionate about rather than what gets your attention and being responsible for your mistakes as well as successes.For vulnerable narcissism I would add to this list with practices that reduce depression and anxiety.Develop a sense of belonging or a friendship network; participate in physical exercise; or practice a form of emptying your mind of thoughts and feelings.For NPD, there is no single, scientifically affirmed treatment of choice.But pay attention to the following.First, people with NPD are often reluctant to enter treatment because in their mind they do not have a problem—everyone else does.Second, it is challenging for doctors to keep individuals with NPD in treatment.Narcissism is increasing and while social media hasn’t been proven to actually create narcissists, it does give them a new platform to gain attention and admiration.Still, I remain optimistic that people can change if they are motivated, have the right tools, and know what type of narcissism they are dealing with.Are We More Narcissistic Than Ever Before？Current situations aboutnarcissism ·Narcissism has developed to become a part of culture.·Narcissism is more 1.________ than expected in psychology.·A narcissist is outgoing and socially confident, sometimes showing loveliness.·A narcissist considers himself to be such an unusual person as to be treated 3.____________．·A narcissist is often cold and likely to 4.____________ care in emotion towards others.·Vulnerable narcissism is more 5.____________ than grandiose narcissism.·A narcissist isn’t actually confident though in his opinion he 6.____________ special things.2.____________ of narcissismin divided types·Narcissism is quite extreme to cause serious problems in theclinic, affecting the personal life.The approaches to treating narcissism or NPD ·Be more considerate, do favorite things and take7.____________ for whatever they do.·Try to 8.____________ by making more friends, doing exercise and so on.·Help people with NPD to realize they have problems and not to 9.____________ treatment.The future trend ·Narcissism is increasing perhaps because of social media.·Narcissism can be 10.____________ if handled actively in proper ways.答案：plicated/complex 2.Features/Characteristics 3．specially ck 5.hidden/concealed 6.deserves 7．responsibility 8.relax 9.refuse 10.changed/changeable任务型阅读(三)[学生用书P155(单独成册)](建议用时：30分钟)A(2019·江苏名校高三摸底)Technologies are often viewed as transformative. For William Kochevar, the term is justified. Mr Kochevar is paralysed(使瘫痪) below the shoulders after a cycling accident, yet has managed to feed himself by his own hand. This remarkable action is partly thanks to poles implanted in his right arm. But the real magic lies higher up. Mr Kochevar can control his arm using the power of thought. His intention to move is reflected in neural activity in his motor cortex(皮层); these signals are detected by implants in his brain and processed into commands to activate the electrodes in his arm.An ability to decode thought in this way may sound like science fiction. But braincomputer interfaces(接口), BCIs, like the BrainGate system used by Mr Kochevar provide evidence that mind control can work. Researchers are able to tell what words and images people have heard and seen from neural activity alone. Information can also be encoded and used to activate the brain.The pace of research into the BCI and the scale of its ambition are increasing, but skeptics dismiss it. Taking medical BCIs out of the lab into clinical practice has proved very difficult. The BrainGate system used by Mr Kochevar was developed more than ten years ago, but only a handful of people have tried it out. Turning implants into consumer products is even harder to imagine. The path to the mainstream is blocked by three major barriers—technological, scientific and commercial.Start with technology. Noninvasive(无创的) techniques struggle to pick up highresolution brain signals through intervening layers of skin, bone and membrane. For the time being at least, the most ambitious applications require implants that can interact directly with nerve cells. And existing devices have lots of drawbacks. They involve wires that pass through the skull; they cause immune responses; they communicate with only a few hundred of the 85bn nerve cells in the human brain.Clear the technological barrier, and another one appears. The brain is still a foreign country. Scientists know little about how exactly it works, especially when it comes to complex functions like memory formation. Research is more advanced in animals, but experiments on humans are hard.The third obstacle is the practical barriers to commercialization. It takes time, money and expert knowledge or skill to get medical devices approved officially. And consumer applications will take off only if they perform a function people find useful. Some of the applications of braincomputer interfaces are unnecessary—a good voice assistant is a simpler way to type without fingers than abrain implant, for example.All of these suggest that a route to the future imagined by the neurotechnology pioneers is tough, but within a few years, improved technologies may be opening up new channels of communication with the brain. Many of the first applications hold out the unambiguous promise of movement and senses restored. But a host of concerns will arise. Privacy is an obvious one: the hiding place of an inner voice may disappear. Security is another: if a brain can be reached on the Internet, it can also be hacked. Inequality is a third one: access to superhuman abilities could be beyond all except a privileged few.The 1.________ of mindcontrol ·William Kochevar is physicallychallenged, but with the help of technology, he manages to control his arm movement by mind.·Researchers can decode information from neural activity, and in turn, the information 2.________ from neural activity can be encoded and used to stimulate the brain.The 3.________ for doubtsabout BCIs ·It is no easy job to put BCIs into clinical practice.·It is even harder to put implants on the 4.________.The barriers to BCIs’becoming the mainstream ·Technological barrier：The existing devices which are supposed to have direct interaction with neurons are far from 5.________．·Scientific barrier：There is a lack of 6.________ of the brain; experiments on humans are harder and less advanced than those on animals.·Commercial barriers：►It takes a lot of effort to get the authorities to 7.________ agree to the medical devices.►Being useful to people is a must for consumer applications being widely accepted.►Some applications are unnecessary, thus 8.________ BCIsfrom becoming commercially successful.续 表The concerns about BCIs ·Privacy: With nowhere to hide your inner voice, you may9.________ your privacy.·Security: With anyone able to reach your brain on the Internet, you may have your brain broken into.·Inequality: The technology may only be 10.________ to the advantaged.答案：1.possibility 2.received 3.reasons 4.market5．perfect 6.understanding/knowledge 7.officially8．preventing/stopping/keeping 9.lose10．available/accessibleBIf you followed the Rio 2016 Olympic Games, you may have noticed that several athletes, including U．S. swimmer Michael Phelps, had circular bruises(瘀伤) on their bodies. These bruises were the results of “cupping therapy(拔火罐疗法)”，a traditional Chinese medicinal practice that has been around for more than 2，000 years.Cupping therapy involves attaching circular cups to the skin using suction(吸力). The suction is created either by heating the cup inside or by using a hand－held pump. This suction pulls the skin upward into the cup. Sometimes it can leave dark red bruises, other times there is no mark at all.Many athletes say that they have benefited from the therapy. Phelps used the therapy in the fall of 2014 and has used it about twice a week since, reported ABC News. Another U．S. swimmer, Dana Vollmer, also believes that “It really helps with blood flow, and helps pull swelling(肿胀) out of different areas.”However, some have said that the supposed health effects result from people feeling that the treatment works, rather than any physical effect of the treatment.To figure out whether cupping therapy has any physical effects, last year researchers from Germany carried out a test in which a sham(假的) treatment was provided.In the study, the same type of cups was used in the real treatment and the sham treatment. Butin the sham treatment, the cups had a hole at the top so that they couldn’t create the proper suction.The tested patients, who suffered from a disorder that causes a lot of pain, were told that they would receive either traditional cupping or “soft cupping”. But they were not informed that the so－called “soft cupping” was a sham treatment.It turned out that most patients correctly guessed which kind of cupping they had received. In both groups, patients also experienced about the same reductions in pain. The results suggest the effects of cupping therapy might come from factors that are not necessarily part of the treatment itself, the researchers told the Live Science website.The question of whether cupping therapy works still needs to be answered. But because the treatment is relatively safe and it could be helpful for some people, “the therapy can be used as a part of a comprehensive treatment program involving other exercises, nutritional choices and lifestyle interventions(干预)”，Dr Brent Bauer, director of a U．S.’ medicine program, told Live Science.Title：Is Cupping Therapy Really Useful？IntroductionCupping therapy was 1.________ to Chinese medicinalpractice dating back to more than 2，000 years ago.The working principle of it People usually use suction—created either by heating the cup inside or by using a 2.________—to pull people’s skin upward into the cup which can be 3.________ to the skin.People’s4．________ attitudes to it ·Many athletes think it is 5.________，which not only can help with blood flow but also can relieve swelling.·Some think it’s people’s 6.________ effects that result in its health effects actually.A test conducted to prove its effects ·Researchers provided a 7.________ treatment (traditional cupping) and a sham treatment (soft cupping) for patients.·Most patients could give the 8.________ guess of which kind of treatment they had received.·The result is that both treatments were 9.________，whichproves that the benefit of cupping therapy might not totallydepend on the treatment itself.It can be accepted as a part of comprehensive treatment Conclusionprograms due to its 10.________ and efficiency.答案：1.applied 2.pump 3.attached 4.different5．beneficial 6.mental/psychological 7.real 8.correct 9.effective 10.safety。
高考英语江苏版：专题4+任务型阅读+第二节+Word版含解析
第二节转换词汇类(2018·江苏)How Arts Promote Our EconomyWhen most people think of the arts，they imagine the end product，the beautiful painting，a wonderful piece of music，or an award-winning performance in the theater.But arts groups bring broader value to our communities.The economic impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged.The arts create jobs that help develop the economy.Any given performance takes a tour bus full of artists，technical experts，managers，musicians，or writers to create an appealing piece of art.These people earn a living wage for their professional knowledge and skills.Another group of folks is needed to help market the event.“If you build it they will come” is a misleading belief.Painters，digital media experts，photographers，booking agents and promoters are hired to sell tickets and promote the event.According to the Dallas Area Cultural Advocacy Coalition，arts agencies employ more than 10,000 people as full-or part-time employees or independent contractors.A successful arts neighborhood creates a ripple effect(连锁反应) throughout a community.In 2005，when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town，the location was considered a poor area of town.After investing more than $1 million in reconstructing the building，we began producing a full season of theater performances，jazz concerts，and year-round arts education programs in 2008.Nearly 40 percent of jazz lovers live outside of the Dallas city limits and drive or fly in to enjoy an evening in the Bishop Arts District.No doubt the theater has contributed to the area’s development and economic growth.Today，there are galleries，studios，restaurants and newly built work spaces where neighbors share experiences，where there is renewed life and energy.In this way，arts and culture also serve as a public good.TeCo Theatrical Productions Inc.made use of Bloomberg’s investment of $35,000 to get nearly $400,000 in public and private sector support during the two-year period.Further，Dallas arts and arts-based businesses produce $298 for every dollar the city spends on arts programming and facilities.In Philadelphia，a metro area smaller than Dallas，the arts have an economic impact of almost $3 billion and support 44,000 jobs，80 percent of which actually lie outside the arts industry，including accountants，marketers，construction workers，hotel managers，printers，and other kinds of art workers.The arts are efficient economic drivers and when they are supported，the entire small-business community benefits.It is wrong to assume arts groups cannot make a profit.But in order to stay in business，arts groups must produce returns.If you are a student studying the arts，chances are you have been ill-advised to have a plan B.But those who truly understand the economic impact and can work to change the patterns can create a wide range of career possibilities.考场思维模式第一步：读表格，填出较简单的概括词汇题本文是一篇说明文，以“How Arts Promote Our Economy”为题，重点分析了艺术促进经济的途径。
高考英语二轮【专题4】任务型阅读(2)导学精练(含答案)
第二节导学精练题型诠释一、信息查找题信息查找题的解题关键是根据问题查找定位信息。
常用方法是带着问题有意识地在关键处做标记。
如:1. 时间先后:first, then, after that, next, finally等。
2. 因果:because, thus, lead to, caused by, as a result of, now that, since, as等。
3. 比较:similarly, differently, like, unlike, but, while, however, instead, on the contrary等。
4. 转折:but, while, however, instead, on the contrary等。
二、信息转换题根据问题查找并定位信息后,要加工分析信息并转换成另一种表达方式,达到组织信息的目的。
常见的转换方式有:词性转换;句子结构转换;另选他词来释义。
如:1. 释义If you ignore your diet, trouble will follow. (pay no attention to)2. 同义词或反义词转换He didn’t pass the final examination.→He failed the final examination.3. 句子结构转换It will not be long before we take an exam.→We will take an exam soon(before long).4. 前缀和后缀转换The boy felt uncomfortable with his new classmates. (not comfortable)5. 词性转换Liu Qian, a famous magician from Taiwan, is popular all over China.→Liu Qian, a famous magician from Taiwan, is gaining popularity all over China.6. 归纳型转换这是近年高考出现的新颖题型。
高考英语二轮增分策略 阅读理解 第二节 分类突破 主旨大意文章大意题优选习题
手惰市安逸阳光实验学校十二、主旨大意——文章大意题(2018·北京，A)My First Marathon(马拉松)A month before my first marathon，one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks，leaving me only two weeks to train.Yet，I was determined to go ahead.I remember back to my 7th year in school.In my first P.E.class，the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball.I didn’t do either well.He later informed me that I was “not athletic”.The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years.When I started running in my 30s，I realized running was a battle against myself，not about competition or whether or not I was athletic.It was all about the battle against my own body and mind.A test of wills!The night before my marathon，I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line.I woke up sweating and nervous，but ready to prove something to myself.Shortly after crossing the start line，my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied.So I stopped to readjust.Not the start I wanted!At mile 3，I passed a sign：“GO FOR IT，RUNNERS！”By mile 17，I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly.Despite the pain，I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.By mile 21，I was starving!As I approached mile 23，I could see my wife waving a sign.She is my biggest fan.She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m.or questioned my expenses on running.I was one of the final runners to finish.But I finished! And I gota medal.In fact，I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.Determined to be myself，move forward，free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签)，I can now call myself a “marathon winner”.the author .A.was well trainedB.felt scaredC.made up his mind to runD.lost hope答案C解析细节理解题。
江苏专用2019高考英语二轮增分策略专题四任务型阅读第二节分类突破二转换词汇类课件20181216391
week.A politician may read an account of his latest successful public
meeting，not for its delayed reward，but very much as his wife reads
dream world.”可得到暗示，应填withdraw。
79.此句是对最后一段倒数第二句的转换。这可从第四段中的“he pulls
himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt
himself only by hard work”得到暗示，填adapt。
For any individual，of course，the boundaries of these two classes
are not stable.For example，a sociologist may read news of crime as a
social problem，rather than for its immediate reward.A coach may read
2.转换词汇类 71.原文reward出现了多次。第一段有a reward，第三段有rewards，因 此可以知道 reward是可数名词。此空只能填一个词，因此填rewards。 另外 reward 也可用作动词，还可填 rewarded ，表示被动，意思是 “ 获 得奖赏”。 73. 根据表格内容可以将信息定位在原文第三段中的 “A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved.” 。其中关键信息是 without any of the dangers or stresses involved，关键词是involved。原文involved作后置定语，而此空前面是 without actual，后面要填名词形式involvement。
2020江苏高考英语二轮讲义：专题四 任务型阅读
考情分析命题规律命题预测高考任务型阅读主要考查考生在限定的时间内获取信息、加工处理信息、综合概括信息和表达信息的能力。
相对于阅读理解，它更注重对考生在语言输入的基础上加强语言输出能力的考查，要求对摄取信息进行分析、概括、整理、理解并根据需要进行综合运用，属于综合能力考查题。
考1.文章一般在400－470词之间。
2．选材以议论文、说明文为主。
3．任务型阅读侧重考查语篇分析和文章脉络的剖析，即考查文章的结构和框架。
考生要在分析了解文章篇章结构的基础上，认真对照图表上所要完成的任务，逐一对照原文进2020年高考任务型阅读将继续坚持在词汇转换、句式转换、段落归纳能力的考查的基础上，加强对考生文章大意、文章结构、提纲和框架的考查。
同时会加大对题目信息的寻找难度，考查考生能力的考点会相对增加。
题形式主要以表格形和树状形为主，文章体裁主要以议论文和说明文为主，阅读量大。
统计数据表明：在近三年的江苏高考任务型阅读中，原词再现题与词义转换归纳题所占的比例较大。
行信息的筛选。
4．任务型阅读要求考生不但要掌握具体事实情节，又要理解其深层含义，包括作者的态度、观点、意图等，掌握所读材料的主旨大意、中心思想；既要理解文章的含义及逻辑关系，又要根据其含义及逻辑关系进行判断和推理，运用材料中的信息去理解、分析问题。
5．大部分题目选择需从全文出发，根据前后语境或行文逻辑才能作出判断，体现了“突出语篇”的命题风格。
[学生用书P88]一、常用阅读方法1．扫读扫读图表，分析表格结构和内容，理清其显示的层次关系，明确任务要求。
要特别注意表格前的小标题，它通常就是段落和表格的主题句。
一般题目的结构是：(1)全文的标题：在标题中缺少一个关键词，根据文章填出所缺的关键词。
(2)各段大意：试题中给出各段大意，在给出的信息中缺少一些关键内容，学生把文章的各段对应起来，找准信息。
(3)对各段大意的详细的阐述：从文章各段或分散在全文的对应的信息点出发，这要求学生有高度驾驭语篇的能力，在文章中找到准确的信息完成填空。
江苏专用2019高考英语二轮培优复习专题四任务型阅读第二讲信息转换题习题.doc
江苏专用2019高考英语二轮培优复习专题四任务型阅读第二讲信息变换题习题.doc第二讲│ 信息变换题这种题型没法从原文中找到原词或完整同样的原句，这需要我们对文章进行加工或变通。
这些变通大多与语法知识相关，也有些与短语搭配和固定句型相关。
信息变换题也和直接信息题同样，第一要找到文中与表格中相对应的信息。
解题时可采纳以下三个步骤：[典例](2016 ·江苏高考 )Regarding memory: Once I look up something on theInternet ，I don ’ t need to keep all the details for future use— I know where to find that information again and can quickly and easily do so.More generally， theInternet functions as if it were my memory.This function of the Internet isparticularly striking when I’ m writing; I’ m no longer comfortable writing if I connected to the Internet.It’ s become natural to check facts as，Iwritetaking aminute or two to dip into PubMed，Wikipedia ， or other websites.● On the Internet ，we could quickly and easily locate the details， and checkfacts ，without(73)________ them in mind.剖析第一步：题干中的“we could quickly and easily locate the details与文章”第二段中“I know where to find that information again and can quickly and easilydo so ”意思邻近，所以能够定位到这一段。
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二、转换词汇类(2015·江苏)People select news in expectation of a reward.This reward may be either of two kinds.One is related to what Freud calls the Pleasure Principle，the other to what he calls the Reality Principle.For want of better names，we shall call these two classes immediate reward and delayed reward.In general，the kind of news which may be expected to give immediate reward are news of crime and corruption，accidents and disasters，sports，social events，and human interest.Delayed reward may be expected from news of public affairs，economic matters，social problems，science，education，and health.News of the first kind pays its rewards at once.A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved.He can tremble wildly at an axe-murder，shake his head sympathetically and safely at a hurricane，identify himself with the winning team，laugh understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.News of the second kind，however，pays its rewards later.It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or annoyance—as，for example，when he reads of the threatening foreign situation，the mounting national debt，rising taxes，falling market，scarce housing，and cancer.It has a kind of “threat value”．It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared.When a reader selects delayed reward news，he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work.When he selects news of the other kind，he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.For any individual，of course，the boundaries of these two classes are not stable.For example，a sociologist may read news of crime as a social problem，rather than for its immediate reward.A coach may read a sports story for its threatvalue：he may have to play that team next week.A politician may read an account of his latest successful public meeting，not for its delayed reward，but very much as his wife reads an account of a party.In any given story of corruption or disaster，a thoughtful reader may receive not only the immediate reward of indirect experience，but also the delayed reward of information and preparedness.Therefore，while the division of categories holds in general，an individual’s tendency may transfer any story f rom one kind of reading to another，or divide the experience between the two kinds of reward.考场思维模式第一步：读表格，填出较简单的概括词汇题文章标题是“你读什么样的新闻故事？”，然后分三部分进行了分析。
其中第72题是概括性词汇，根据其右表信息可知是“两类新闻故事的解释(说明)”，故第72题填Explanations。
注意首字母要大写。
第二步：定位、定词、定性、定形任务型阅读表格高度概括了原文信息，为了节约时间并且提高解题的针对性，先读表格内容，然后在原文中进行定位。
定位后进行定词。
定词后要定性(如名词、动词、形容词、副词)，最后定形(如单复数、非谓语形式、大小写等)。
1．原文词汇类75．根据原文第四段中的“It has a kind of ‘threat value.’”可知应填threat。
77．根据原文第四段中的“When he selects news of the other kind，he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.”可得到暗示，应填withdraw。
79．此句是对最后一段倒数第二句的转换。
这可从第四段中的“he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work”得到暗示，填adapt。
2．转换词汇类71．原文reward出现了多次。
第一段有a reward，第三段有rewards，因此可以知道reward 是可数名词。
此空只能填一个词，因此填rewards。
另外reward也可用作动词，还可填rewarded，表示被动，意思是“获得奖赏”。
73．根据表格内容可以将信息定位在原文第三段中的“A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved.”。
其中关键信息是without any of the dangers or stresses involved，关键词是involved。
原文involved 作后置定语，而此空前面是without actual，后面要填名词形式involvement。
74．此题是将原文第三段中“He can tremble wildly at an axe-murder，shake his head sympathetically and safely at a hurricane，identify himself with the winning team，laugh understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.”信息转换成题目中的“share similar feelings with those involved”。
76．根据原文第四段中的“It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared.”可得到暗示，填prepare。
80．最后一段主要讲了这两种分类不是一成不变的，也就是说这取决于读者，故填depends。
3．概括词汇类78．文章最后一段提到的sociologist，coach，politician都是不同的职业，或者说不同的划分取决于不同的目的，故填profession(s)/intention。
第三步：复查并将答案填在答题卡上复查完确认没有修改之后，将试卷上所写答案填在答题卡规定区域，注意要认真书写，不能潦草。
转换词汇类是典型的二次加工题型，需要考生有基本的构词法知识，对句子成分和词性的对应关系要明确。
做题时，不但要找到与试题相关的句子信息，还要根据词法和句法知识以及上下文的逻辑关系进行加工，从而提炼出新词。
要求考生对已锁定的关键句进行知识重组，运用多种表达方式，考查考生是否具有遣词造句的能力。
常见的转换词汇题可分为：词形转换、同义(反义)表达、句型转换等。
1．词形转换词形转换题即用不同的方式表达文中的意义，由于表达的方法不同，被考查单词在原文和试题中充当的句子成分不同。
有时所采用的词性会有所变化。
如，动词与名词的转换、动词与动名词的转换、形容词与副词的转换、名词与形容词的转换等，有时还涉及短语搭配的考查。
(1)Social isolation is an objective condition in which people have little communication with others.＝Social isolation means that people hardly communicate with others or stay alone.(2)It’s also important for every student to set high academic goals so as to be able to build a good career.＝Students who want to build a good career should attach importance to setting high academic goals.2．同义(反义)表达同义(反义)表达是指用不同的词组表达同一个意思或是相反的意思。