化学工程与工艺专业英语试卷

南华大学2014 –2015学年度第一学期

化学工程与工艺专业英语课程试卷(A卷12级化学工程与工艺专业）考试日期：2014年11月28日考试类别：考试考试时间：120分钟命题人：审阅人：

一、将下列句子翻译成汉语（20分）

1. Since 1940 the chemical industry has grown at a remarkable rate, although this has slowed sign ificantly in recent years.

2. The chemical industry is a very high technology industry which takes full advantage of the lates t advances in electronics and engineering.

3 Indeed the level of a country’s development may be judged by the production level and sophistic ation of its chemical industry.

4. chemical engineering is that branch of engineering which is concerned with the study of the des ign, manufacture, and operation of plant and machinery in industrial chemical processes.

5.In addition to processes that result in materials with specific high-performance properties, chemi cal engineers continue to design new processes for the low-cost manufacture of polymers.

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二、将下列单词翻译成汉语（10分）

1.polyethylene

2. acetic acid

3.benzene

4. impurity

5. precipitate

6.filtration

7. spontaneous 8. solution

9. immiscible 10. reactor

三、将下列词语翻译成英语（10分）

11.扩散12. 碳

13. 连续的14. 强碱的

15. 盐酸16. 还原

17. 平衡18. 沉降

19. 硫酸盐20. 溶解度

四、选择正确的单词填入下文划线部分(20分)

machines machinery properties branches adapts equipment separated

design production chemical industrial increase foundation engineering tecahnicl

In a wider sense, engineering may be defined as a scientific presentation of the techniques and facilities used in a particular industry. For example, mechanical 1

refers to the techniques and facilities employed to make machines. It is predominantly based on mechanical forces which are used to change the appearance and/or physical properties of the materials being worked, while their chemical 2 are left unchanged. Chemical engineering encompasses the chemical processing of raw materials, based on 3

and physico-chemical phenomena of high complexity.

Thus, chemical engineering is that branch of engineering which is concerned with the study of the

4 , manufacture, and operation of plant and machinery in industrial chemical processes. Chemical engineering is above all based on the chemical sciences, such as physical chemistry, chemical thermodynamics, and chemical kinetics. In doing so, however, it does not simply copy their findings, but them to bulk chemical processing. The principal objectives that set chemical engineering apart from chemistry as a pure science, is to find the most economical route of operation and to design commercial 6 and accessories that suit it best of all. Therefore, chemical engineering is inconceivable without close ties with economics, physics, mathematics, cybernetics, applied mechanics, and other 7 sciences.

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