英语专业四级考试历年听写原
专四听写50篇
英语专业四级听写50篇前言听写在英语专业四级统考中占有15％的比重，是考试的重要组成部分。
说起听写，正在准备和已经参加过英语专业四级考试的同学会说：“我能明白听写的内容，可写的时候就是跟不上！”“短文大意我明白，可是有的语我不会写。
”这只反映出了问题的两个方面。
一是听写速度不够快。
二是词汇量不够或词汇掌握得不够准确。
这些无疑是影响听写成绩的重要因素。
但是，这些不是问题的全部。
在从事听写教学及听写问卷过程中，很容易发现学生失分的具体问题：（1）没听懂，没听好，听写速度跟不上，写出的内容断断续续不连贯，学生因此大量失分；（2）有的词汇没听懂，拼写不够准确，这导致听写失分；（3）时态错误导致失分；（4）单复数不准确导致失分；（5）没有注意断句或专有名词，句子开头单词或专有名词错误使用大小写导致失分；（6）没有注意原文冠词的使用，书写时漏掉冠词导致失分；（7）没有注意单数第三人称形式导致失分；（8）没有注意单数复数名词的形式导致失分。
上述问题的产生有的是缺乏训练造成的，如书写速度跟不上。
有的则是语言基础较差造成的，如听力较差没有完全听懂或没有掌握好词汇。
而单复数、大小写、冠词漏写等则多是粗心大意造成的。
听写部分能提高吗？当然能！而且提高的空间很大。
笔者从事英语专业基础教学与研究，从一开始所带的教学班参加四级考试超过全国院校平均通过率28．2个百分点，超过全国专业外语院校平均通过率12．5个百分点开始，所带的教学班在全国英语专业④级统考中通过率始终ito％，平均成绩、优秀率始终名列前茅。
最近一次所带的教学班参加四级统考，又考出了很好的成绩，通过率超过全国院校平均水平26石个百分点，超过全国专业外语院校13．6个百分点，而且在十几个平行班中平均成绩是最高的，优秀人数也是最多的。
在四级考试中，听写一项的成绩也不例外，每次均位居第一，本项目满分15分，所带班级平均成绩能够达到14分。
是不是学生基础很好？统计表明，和平行班相比所带班级入学时并不存在什么特别优势。
英语专业四级听写50篇(配合喜马拉雅录音)
CONTENTSPassage 1 Town and Country life in England Passage 2 A Change in Women's LifePassage 3 A Popular Pastime of the English People Passage 4 British and American Police Officers Passage 5 living SpacePassage 6 The United NationsPassage 7 PlasticPassage 8 Display of GoodsPassage 9 Albert EinsteinPassage 10 Private CarsPassage 11 A Henpecked Husband and His Wife Passage 12 A Young Man's PromisePassage 13 A Kind NeighborPassage 14 That Isn't Our FaultPassage 15 A Guide's AnswerPassage 16 A Qualified PilotPassage 17 Living Things ReactPassage 18 Flowering PlantsPassage 19 Finding the Direction and Location Passage 20 WavesPassage 21 SoilsPassage22 CrisisPassage 23 America's Worst SurprisePassage 24 Great Depression in the U.S.Passage 25 A Place of Our OwnPassage 26 Travel for WorkPassage 27 IntelligencePassage 28 A Free Dress Every WeekPassage 29 TimePassage 30 CartoonistsPassage 31 Water PollutionPassage 32 Making a ComplaintPassage 33 Where Do the British LivePassage 34 Will Computers Replace Human Beings Passage 35 SoccerPassage 36 ArtistsPassage 37 Professional Sports in the U.S. Passage38 "How to" BooksPassage 39 Don't Give UpPassage 40 How High Can You JumpPassage 41 Apology HelpsPassage 42 SleepPassage 43 Our ConcernPassage 44 Gardening in AmericaPassage 45 The Influence of LifePassage 46 AutomobilesPassage 47 House and HomePassage 48 Population GrowthPassage49 Natural ResourcesPassage50 Reading1 Town and Country Life in EnglandThere is a big difference between town life and country life in England. In the country, everybody knows everybody else. They know what time you get up, what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner. If you want help, you will always get it and you will be glad to help others.In a large town like London, however, it can sometimes happen that you have never seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his name or anything about him. People in London are often very lonely. This is because people go to different places in the evenings and at weekends. If you walk through the streets in the centre of London on Sunday, it is like a town without people. One is sorry for old people living on their own .They could die in their homes and would not be discovered for weeks or even months. (154 words)Useful Words and Expressions:next door n. n．隔壁the neighbors next他 door隔壁邻居lonely adj ．孤独的，寂寞的，偏僻的，人迹罕至的lonely life孤单的生活a lonely old man一位孤独的老人a lonely sand一个孤岛the loneliest night最孤独的夜晚on (one's) own独自；独立地；通过自己的努力She lives on her own．她一个人过。
历年英语专业四级考试听力听写原文(1994 年-2019 年)
The American Family (1994)The concept of family life has changed considerably over the years. /In earliest times, several generations lived together in clans, / which consisted of all living descendents and their husbands or wives. / These clans were almost totally self-sufficient, / every member contributing in some way toward the survival of the group. / The men hunted and fished for food or sometimes maintained flocks of sheep or goats. / The women baked bread and roasted the meat their men provided. / Special members of the community were selected to make products like pottery, baskets and home weapons. / But with the development of greater varieties of food, clothing and shelter, / a single clan could no longer develop all the individual skills the group required. / Clans merged into larger societies and at the same time broke into smaller units consisting of married couples and their children. / Later the Industrial Revolution brought about even more important changes in family life. / New inventions brought shorter working hours for men and easier housekeeping routines for women. / Today a productive family life suggests not the group's cooperative efforts of working together, / but the pleasant and meaningful sharing of its leisure.✧Unidentified Flying Objects (1995)There are many explanations for why UFOs visit the Earth. / The most popular one is that they maybe visitors from other planets./ To fly such aircraft, their builders must develop different forms of aviation,/because they seem to fly much faster than normal aircraft./ The UFOs, it is believed, must contain scientists/ from other planets who are studying life on earth./ It is even believed that several such aircraft may have landed on earth/ and the space visitors may be living amongst us./But there are also less fantastic explanations available./ Although some sightings of UFOs are difficult to explain, most can be explained quite easily./ In many cases the observers might have made a mistake./ They might have seen a weather balloon or an aircraft./ Or the light they saw in the sky might have been light from the ground,/ reflected on to the clouds./ However, the exact cause of many sightings still remained a mystery.✧The Indian Medicine Man (1996)Among the Indians of North America, the medicine man was a very important person. He could cure illness and he could speak to the spirits.The spirits were the supernatural forces that controlled the world. The Indians believed that bad spirits made people ill. So when people were ill,the medicine man tried to help them by using magic. He spoke to the good spirits and asked for their help. Many people were cured, because they thought the spirits were helping them, but really these people cured themselves. Sometimes your own mind is the best doctor for you. The medicine men were often successful for another reason, too. They knew about plants that really can cure illness. A lot of medicines are made from the plants that were used by medicine men hundred of years ago.✧Legal Age for Marriage (1997)Throughout the United States, the legal age for marriage shows some difference. The most common age without parents' consent is 18 for both females and males. However, persons who are under age in their homestate can get married in anotherstate, and then return to the home state legally married. Each state issues its own marriage license. Both resident sand non-residents are qualified for such a license. The fees and ceremonies vary greatly from state to state. Most states, for instance, have a blood test requirement, but a few do not. Most states permit either a civilor religious ceremony, but a few require the ceremony to be religious. In most states a waiting period is required before the license is issued. This period is from one to five days depending on the state.✧The Railways in Britain (1998)The success of early railways, such as the lines between big cities,/ led to a great increase in railway building in Victorian times. / Between 1835 and 1865 about 25000 kilometers of track were built,/ and over 100 railway companies were created. /Railway travel transformed people's lives. / Trains were first designed to carry goods. / However, a law in the 19th century forced railway companies to run one cheap train a day / which stopped at every station and cost only a penny a mile. / Soon working class passengers found they could afford to travel by rail. / Cheap day excursion trains became popular and seaside resorts grew rapidly. / The railways also provided thousands of new jobs:/ building carriages, running the railways and repairing the tracks. /Railways even changed the time. / The need to run the railways on time meant that local time was abolished/ and clocks showed the same time all over the country. /✧United Nations Day (1999)The 24th of October is celebrated as United Nations Day. It is a day that belongs to everyone. And it is celebrated in most countries of the world. Some countries celebrate for a week instead of a day. In many parts of the world, schools have special programs for the day. Boys and girls in some communities decorate a UN tree. In other communities, young people put on plays about the UN.Some libraries exhibit children's art works from around the world. Schools celebrate with the songs and dances of other countries or give parties where foods of other countries areserved. No matter how the day is celebrated, the purpose of these celebrations is to help everyone understand the UN, and the important roles it plays in world affairs. The UN encourages people to learn about other lands and their customs. In this way, people can gain a better understanding and appreciation of peoples all over the world.✧What we Know about Language (2000)Many things about language are a mystery and will remain so. However, we now do know something about it. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. No human race anywhere on earth is so backward that it has no language of its own at all. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many peoples whose cultures are undeveloped but the languages they speak are by no means primitive. In all the languages existing in the world today, there are complexities that must have been developed for years. Third, we know that all languages are perfectly adequate. Each is a perfect means of expressing its culture. And finally, we know that language changes over time, which is natural and normal if a language is to survive.The language which remains unchanged is nothing but dead.✧Characteristics of a Good Reader (2001)To improve your reading habits, you must understand the characteristics of a good reader. First,the good reader usually reads rapidly. Of course, he does not read every piece of material at the same rate. But whether he is reading a newspaper or a chapter in a physics text, his reading rate is relatively fast. He has learned to read for ideas rather than words one at a time. Next, the good reader can recognize and understand general ideas and specific details. Thus he is able to comprehend the material within a minimum of effort and a maximum of interest. Finally, the good reader has at his command several special skills, which he can apply to reading problems as they occur. For the college student, the most helpful of these skills include making use of the various aids to understanding that most textbooks provide and skim reading for a general survey.✧Disappearing Forests (2002)The world's forests are disappearing. As much as 1/3 of the total tree cover has been lost since agriculture began some 10,000 years ago. The remaining forests are home to half of the world's species, thus becoming the chief resource for their survival. Tropical rain forests once covered12% of the land of the planet, as well as supporting at least half of the world's species of plants and animals. These rain forests are home to millions of people. But there are other demands on them. For example, much has been cut for timber. An increasing amount of forest land has been used for industrial purposes or for agricultural development such as crop-growing. By the 1990' s less than half of the earth' s original rain forests remained, and they continued to disappear at an alarming rate every year. As a result, the world's forests are now facing gradual extinction.✧Salmon (2003)Every year, millions of salmon swim from the ocean into the mouths of rivers and then steadily up the rivers, passing through waters, around rocks and waterfalls, the fish finally reach their original streams or lakes. They dig out nests in the riverbed and lay their eggs. Then, exhausted by their journey, the parent salmon die. They have finished the task that nature has given them. Months,or years later, the young fish start their trip to the ocean. They live in the salt water from 2-7 years,until they, too are ready to swim back to reproduce. Their life cycle helps man provide himself with a basic food-fish. When the adult salmon gather at the river mouths for the annual trip up the rivers, they are in the best possible condition, and nearly every harbor has its salmon fishing fleet ready to catch thousands for markets.✧Money (2004)Money is accepted across the world as payment for goods or services. People use money to buy food, clothes and hundreds of other things. In the past, many different things were used as money.People on Pacific islands once exchanged shells for goods. The Chinese used cloth and knives. In Africa, elephant tusks or salt were used. Eventoday, some people in Africa are still paid in salt.Coins were first invented by the Chinese. Originally, they were round pieces of metal with a hole in the center, so that a piece of string could keep them together. This made doing business much easier, but people still found coins inconvenient to carry when they wanted to buy something expensive. To solve this problem, the Chinese again came up with the solution. They began to use paper money for coins. now paper notes are used throughout the world.✧The Wrist Watch (2005)It is generally believed that wrist watches are an exception例外/ to the normal sequence顺序in the evolution of man's jewelry珠宝. / Reversing the usual order与通常的顺序相反, they were first worn by women, / and then adopted by men. / In the old days, queens included wrist watches among their crown王冠jewelry. /Later, they were worn by Swiss瑞士人workers and farmers. / Until World War I, Americans associated 与。
英语专业四级听写50篇原文
英语专业四级听写50篇原文!Passage 1Town and Country Life in EnglandThere is a big difference between town life and country life in England. In the country, everybody knows everybody else. They know what time you get up, what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner. If you want help, you will always get it and you will be glad to help others.In a large town like London, however, it can sometimes happen that you have never seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his name or anything about him. People in London are often very lonely. This is because people go to different places in the evenings and at weekends. If you walk through the streets in the centre of London on Sunday, it is like a town without people. One is sorry for old people living on their own. They could die in their homes and would not be discovered for weeks or even months. (154 words.)Passage 2A Change in Women’s LifeThe important change in women’s life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic pos ition. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-time or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests on each of them. (154 words) Passage 3A Popular Pastime of the English PeopleOne of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watching what they do with their non-working time.Most English men, women and children love growing things, especially flowers. Visitors to England in spring, summer, or autumn are likely to see gardens all the way along the railway lines. There are flowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, as well as in gardens along the roads. Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flower beds. Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes and sometimes baskets of flowers are hanging on them.But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. If it is impossible to have a garden, then a widow box or something growing in a pot will do. Looking at each other’s gardens is a popular pastime with the English. (144words.) Passage 4British and American Police OfficersReal policemen, both in Britain and the ., hardly recognize any common points between their lives and what they see on TV—if they ever get home in time.Some things are about the same, of course, but the policemen do not think much of them.The first difference is that a policeman’s real life deals with the law. Most of what he learns is the law. He has to know actually what actions are against the law and what facts can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a lawyer, and what’s more, he has to put it into practice on his feet, in the dark and, running down a narrow street after someone he wants to talk to.Little of his time is spent in talking with beautiful girls or in bravely facing cruel criminals. He will spend most of his working life arranging millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, ordinary people who are guilty —or not of stupid, unimportant crimes. (177words) Passage 5Living SpaceHow much living space does a person need? What happens when his space needs are not met? Scientists are doing experiments on rats to try to determine the effects of overcrowded conditions on man. Recent studies have shown that the behavior of rats is greatly affected by space. If rats have enough living space, they eat well, sleep well and produce their young well. But if their living conditions become too crowded, their behavior and even their health change obviously. They can not sleep and eat well, and signs of fear and worry become clear. The more crowded they are, the more they tend to bite each other and even kill each other. Thus, for rats, population and violence are directly related. Is this a natural law for human society as well? Is enough space not only satisfactory, but necessary for human survival? These are interesting questions.(147 words) Passage 6The United NationsIn 1945, representatives of 50 nations met to plan this organization. It was called the United Nations. After the war, many more nations joined. There are two major parts of the United Nations. One is called the General Assembly. In the General Assembly, every member nation is represented and has an equal vote.The second part is called the Security Council. It has representatives of just 15 nations. Five nations are permanent members: the United States, Russia, France, Britain and China. The 10 other members are elected every two years by the General Assembly.The major job of the Security Council is to keep peace in the world. If necessary, it can send troops from member nations to try to stop little wars before they turn into big ones.It is hard to get the nations of the Security Council to agree on when this is necessary. But they did vote to try to stop wars. (156 words) Passage 7PlasticWe use plastic wrap to protect our foods. We put our garbage in plastic bags or plastic cans. We sit on plastic chairs, play with plastic toys, drink from plastic cups, and wash our hair with shampoo from plastic bottles!Plastic doesn’t grow in nature. It is made by mixing certain things together. We call it a produced or manufactured material. Plastic was first made in the 1860s from plants, such as wood and cotton. That plastic was soft and burned easily.The first modern plastics were made in 1930s. Most clear plastic starts out as thick, black oil. That plastic coating inside a pan begins as natural gas.Over the years, hundreds of different plastics have been developed. Some are hard and strong. Some are soft and bendable. Some are clear. Some are many-colored. There is a plastic for almost every need. Scientists continue to experiment with plastics. They hope to find even ways to use them! (160 words)Passage 8Display of GoodsAre supermarkets designed to persuade us to buy more?Fresh fruit and vegetables are displayed near supermarket entrances. This gives the impression that only healthy food is sold in the shop. Basic foods that everyone buys, like sugar and tea, are not put near each other. They are kept in different aisles so customers are taken past other attractive foods before they find what they want. In this way, shoppers are encouraged to buy products that they do not really need.Sweets are often placed at children’s eye level at the checkout. While parents are waiting to pay, children reach for the sweets and put them in the trolley.More is bought from a fifteen-foot display of one type of product than from a ten-foot one. Customers also buy more when shelves are full than when they are a half empty. They do not like to buy from shelves with few products on them because they feel there is something wrong with those products that are there. (166 words)Passage 9Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. His father owned a factory that made electrical devices. His mother enjoyed music and books. His parents were Jewish but they did not observe many of the religion’s rules. Albert was a quiet child who spent much of his time alone. He was slow to talk and had difficulty learning to read. When Albert was five years old, his father gave him a compass. The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same direction—to the north. He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move. Their answers about magnetism and gravity weredifficult for the boy to understand. Yet he spent a lot of time thinking about them. He said later that he felt something hidden had to be behind things. (143 words.)Passage 10Private CarsWith the increase in the general standard of living, some ordinary Chinese families begin to afford a car. Yet opinions of the development of a private car vary from person to person.It gives a much greater degree of comfort and mobility. The owner of a car is no longer forced to rely on public transport, and hence no irritation caused by waiting for buses or taxis. However, others strongly object to developing private cars. They maintain that as more and more cars are produced and run in the street, a large volume of poisonous gas will be given off, polluting the atmosphere and causing actual harm to the health of people.Whether private cars should be developed in China is a difficult question to answer, yet the desire for the comfort and independence a private car can bring will not be eliminated.(143words)Passage 11A Henpecked Husband and His WifeThere was once a large, fat woman who had a small, thin husband. He had a job in a big company and was given his weekly wages every Friday evening. As soon as he got home on Fridays, his wife used to make him give her all his money, and then she used to give him back only enough to buy his lunch in his company every day.One day, the small man came home very excited. He hurried into the living-room. His wife was listening to the radio and eating chocolates there.“You will never guess what happened to me today, dear,” he said.He waited for a few seconds and then added, “I won ten thousand dollars on the lottery!”“That is wonderful!” said his wife delightedly. But then she pulled a long face and added angrily, “But how could you afford to buy the ticket?” (148 words)Passage 12A Young Man’s PromiseOne day a young man was writing a letter to his girl friend who lived just a few miles away in a nearby town. He was telling her how much he loved her and how wonderful he thought she was. The more he wrote, the more poetic he became. Finally, he said that in order to be with her he would suffer the greatest difficulties, he would face the greatest dangers that anyone could imagine. In fact, to spend only one minute with her, he would swim across the widest river, he would enter the deepest forest, and he would fight against the fiercest animals with his bare hands.He finished the letter, signed his name, and then suddenly remembered that he had forgotten to mention something quite important. So, in a postscript below his name, he added:“By the way, I’ll be over to see you on Wednesday night, if it doesn’t rain.” (154 words)Passage 13A Kind NeighborMr. and Mrs. Jones’ apartment was full of luggage, package, furniture and boxes. Both of them were very busy when they heard the doorbell ring. Mrs. Jones went to open it and she saw a middle-aged lady outside. The lady said she lived next door. Mrs. Jones invited her to come in and apologized because there was no place for her to sit. “Oh, that’s OK,” said the lady. “I just come to welcome you to your new home. As you know, in some parts of this city neighbors are not friendly at all. There are some apartment houses where people don’t know any of their neighbors, not even the ones next door. But in this building everyone is very friendly with everyone else. We are like one big hap py family. I’m sue you’ll be very happy here. ” Mr. and Mrs. Jones said, “But madam, we are not new dwellers in this department. We’ve lived her for two years. We’re moving out tomorrow. ” (163 words)Passage 14That Isn’t Our FaultMr. and Mrs. Williams got married when he was twenty-three, and she was twenty. Twenty-five years later, they had a big party, and a photographer came and took some photographs of them.Then the photographer gave Mrs. Williams a card and said, “They’ll be ready next Wednesday. You can get them from studio.”“No,” Mrs. William said, “Please send them to us.”The photographs arrived a week later, but Mrs. Williams was not happy when she saw them. She got into her car and drove to the photographer’s studio. She went inside and sa id angrily, “You took some photographs of me and my husband last week, but I’m not going to pay for them.”“Oh, Why not?” the photographer asked.“Because my husband looks like a monkey,” Mrs. William said.“Well,” the photographer answered, “that isn’t our fault. Why didn’t you think of that before you married him?” (148 words)Passage 15A Guide’s AnswerIn 1861, the Civil War started in the United States between the Northern and the Southern states. The war continued with great bitterness until 1865, when the Northerners were victorious. However, even today, many Southerners have not forgotten their defeat, or forgiven the Northerners.A few years ago, a party of American tourists were going round one of the battlefields of the Civil War with a guide who came from one of the Southernstates. At each place, the guide told the tourists stirring stories about how a few Southern soldiers had conquered powerful forces of Northerners there.At last, one of the tourists, a lady who came from the North, stopped the guide and said to him, “But surely the Northern army must have won at least one victory in the Civil War?”“Not as long as I’m the guide here, madam,” answered the Southern guide.(147 words)Passage 16A Qualified PilotThe captain of a small ship had to go along a rocky coast, but he was unfamiliar with it, so he tried to find a qualified pilot to guide him. He went ashore in one of the small ports, and a local fisherman pretended that he was a pilot because he needed some money. The captain took him on board and asked him where to steer the ship.After half an hour the captain began to suspect that the fisherman did not really know what he was doing and where he was going.“Are you sure you are a qualified pilot?” he asked.“Oh, yes,” answered the fisherman. “I know every rock on this part of the coast.”Suddenly there was a terrible crash from under the ship. At once the fisherman added, “And that’s one of them.” (138 words)Passage 17Living Things ReactYou and all organisms live in an environment. An environment is made up of everything that surrounds an organism. It can include the air, the water, the soil, and even other organisms.An organism responds to changes in its environment. When an organism responds to a change, it reacts in certain ways. All living things respond in some way.Have you ever noticed how plants and insects respond to light? Plants bend toward light. Insects fly toward light.Living things also respond in other ways. The leaves on some trees respond to a change in season. In autumn, they change colors and then fall offthe branches. Animals also respond to a change in season. Squirrels save nuts for the winter. Bears sleep through the winter in a cave.You respond to your environment in many ways, too. You may shiver if you are cold. What other ways do you respond to changes in your environment? (156 words)Passage 18Flowering PlantsWhat are the parts of a flower?Flowers can have male parts and female parts. The female parts make eggs that become seeds. The male parts make pollen. Pollen is a powdery material that is needed by the eggs to make seeds. To make seeds, pollen and eggs must come together. The wind, insects, and birds bring pollen to eggs. Many animals love flowers’ bright colors. They also like a sugary liquid in flowers. This is called nectar. While they drink nectar, pollen rubs off on their bodies. As they move, some of this pollen gets delivered to the female flower parts.Over time, the female parts turn into fruits that contain seeds. Animals often eat the fruits and the seeds pass through their bodies as waste. The animals do not know they are working for the plants by planting seeds as they travel to different places. (147 words)Passage 19Finding the Direction and LocationHow can you tell which direction? By day, look for the Sun. It is in the east in the morning and the west in the afternoon. At night, use the Big Dipper to help you find the North Star. It would be better to bring a compass because its needle always points north.How do you know how far you have gone? You could count every step. Each step is about two feet. You’d better wear a pedometer which is a tool that counts steps. If you know where you started, which direction you are heading, and how far you have gone, you can use a good map to figure out exactly where you are.Today there is a new way for travelers to figure out where they are. It is the GPS. It has 24 satellites that orbit the earth and constantly broadcast their positions. Someday you may carry a small receiver as you hike and use GPS to find out if you are there yet!Passage 20WavesHow does light get from the sun to the earth? How does music get from the stage to the audience? They move the same way — in waves!Light and sound are forms of energy. All waves carry energy, but they may carry it differently. Light and sound travel through different kinds of matter. For example, light waves cannot move through walls, but sound waves can. That is why you can hear people talking in another room even though you cannot see them. The energy of some waves is destructive. An earthquake produces seismic waves.Catch a wave. Ask a friend to stand a few feet away from you. Stretch a spring between you. Shake the spring to transfer energy to it. What happens? The spring bounces up and down in waves. When the waves reach your friend, they bounce back to you!Light waves travel 300,000 kilometers (186,000 miles) per second! They can also travel through a vacuum. That is why light from the sun and distant stars can travel through space to the earth.(175 words)Passage 21SoilsThere are many different kinds of soils. Different soils have different types of rock and minerals in them than other. Some soils have more water in them than others. Some soils might have more plant and animal material in them, too.Different kinds of soils are found in different parts of the world. There are several kinds of soils found in the United States. In some areas, the soil has a lot of clay. Other soils are very sandy. Loam is a kind of soil that has a good mixture of clay and sand.In some places, soil layers are very thick. Lots of plants grow in places with a thick soil layer. In dry and windy places soil layers are much thinner. Layers of soil on mountains are thin because gravity pulls the soil downhill.The type of soil in a particular place affects what kinds of plants can grow there. (150 words) Passage 22CrisisLife is a contest! Who will win? A bluebird and sparrow both compete for space to build their nests. A fast-growing maple tree and slower-growing dogwood compete for the sunlight they both need. Oil competes with coal and nuclear power as an energy source for electric power plants.There is a problem. There is a limited amount of space for birds, sunlight for trees, and energy for people! If we do not cut back on our uses of some of our resources, someday they will be gone!How can we use energy today and know we will have enough to go around in the future? We can choose alternate, or replacement, energy resources. It takes the earth millions of years to create coal, oil, and gas. They are nonrenewable resources.Solar energy, wind energy and water energy are renewable. What other ways we conserve our resources? How can we make sure there is always enough to go around? (159 words.)Passage 23Ameri ca’s Worst SurpriseDecember 7, 1941 was one of the worst days in American history. Nearly all Americans who are old enough to remember that day can still remember what they were doing at the moment they heard “the news”. The news was that America had been attacked!Shortly before 2:00 ., a radio dispatch came into Washington from Honolulu, Hawaii. “Air Raid, Pearl Harbor —This is no drill.” Japanese planes had begun an attack on the largest American military base in the Pacific. They first destroyed places on the ground. Then they bombed the ships in the harbor.No one had expected the attack. So no one was prepared for it. And it did not take long for the Japanese to do their damage. When the smoke cleared, the Navy counted its losses. Eighteen ships had been sunk or badly damaged. Nearly 150 planes had been destroyed. More than 2,400 Americans had been killed and more than 1,200 wounded. (157 words)Passage 24Great Depression in the U.S.In 1929, the bills started to come in. American industry had produced too many goods. Americans could not afford to buy all of them. So factories had to cut down on their production. Many workers lost their jobs. Investors tried to get their money back. But businesses did not have enough money to pay them. Banks tried to get their money back from investors. But the investors could not pay, either. Too many people owned money. And few of them could pay their bills.During the next few years, business got worse and worse. By 1932, banks all over the country were closing.People without money could not buy goods. So more businesses closed. More and more people lost their jobs. By 1932, more than 12 million Americans were jobless. Millions more were earning barely enough to live on. The country was in a great depression they had never experienced before. (151 words)Passage 25A Place of Our OwnWe are all usually very careful when we buy something for the house. Why? Because we have to live with it for a long time. We paint a room to make it brighter, so we choose the colours carefully.We buy new curtains in order to match the newly decorated room, so they must be the right colour. We move the furniture round so as to make more space — or we buy new furniture — and so on. It is an endless business.Rich or poor, we take time to furnish a room. Perhaps some people buy furniture in order to impress their friends. But most of us just want to enjoy our surroundings. We want to live as comfortably as we can afford to. We spend a large part of our lives at home. We want to make a small corner in the world which we can recognize as our own. (151 words)Passage 26Travel for WorkYou can see them in every airport in the world. They are businessmen and women who have to travel for their work.When they first applied for the job, they may have thought of good food and hotels, huge expense accounts and fashionable cities. Now they have to sit in airport lounges, tired and uncomfortable in their smart clothes, listening to the loudspeaker announce “The flight to Tokyo, or Berlin, or New Y ork is delayed for another two hours”. Some people say to me, “How lucky you are to be able to travel abroad in your work! You can go sightseeing without paying any money by yourself!” They think that my job is like a continual holiday. It is not.There are advantages, of course, and I do think I am lucky, but only because I can go to places I would never visit if I was a tourist. (149 words) Passage 27IntelligenceAre some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience?Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus, the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, held by most experts now, can be supported in a number of ways. As is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people is, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. (154 words) Passage 28A Free Dress Every WeekThe temptation to steal is greater than ever before especially in large shops and people are not so honest as they once were.A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it for her as quickly as possible. The woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter.. Believe it or not, the girl “gave” her mother a free dress every week. (148 words)Passage 29TimeTime is tangible. One can gain time, spend time, waste time, save time, or even kill time. Common questions in American English r eveal this concrete quality as though time were a possession. “Doyou have any time?”, “Can you get some time for this?”, “How much free time do you have?” The treatment of time as a possession influences the way that time is carefully divided.Generally, Americans are taught to do one thing at a time and may be uncomfortable when an activity is interrupted. In businesses, the careful scheduling of time and the separation of activities are common practices. Appointment calendars are printed with 15-, 30-, and 60-minute time slots. The idea that “there is a time and place for everything” extends to American social life. Visitors who drop by without prior notice may interrupt their host’s personal time. Thus, calling friends on the telephone before visiting th em is generally preferred to visitors’ dropping by. (157 words) Passage 30CartoonistIn a good cartoon, the artist can tell in a few lines as much as a writer can tell in half a dozen paragraphs. The cartoonist not only tells a story but he also tries to persuade the reader to his way of thinking. He has great influence on public opinion. In a political campaign, he plays an important part. Controversial issues in Congress or at meetings of the United Nations may keep the cartoonist well-supplies with current materials.A clever cartoonist may cause laughter because he often uses humour in his drawings. If he is sketching a famous person, he takes a prominent feature and exaggerates it. Cartoonists, for instance, like to lengthen an already long nose and to widen an already broad grin. This exaggeration of a person’s characteristics is called caricature. The artist uses such exaggeration to put his message across. (144 words)Passage 31Water PollutionWater is very important to us. Factories and plants need water for industrial uses and large pieces of farmland need it for irrigation. Without water to drink, people die in a short time.Today most water sources are so dirty that people must purify water before drinking. Water becomes dirty in many ways: industrial pollution is one of them. With the development of industry, plants and factories pour tons of industrial wastes into rivers every day. The rivers have become seriously polluted, and the water is becoming unfit for drinking or irrigation. The same thing has also happened to our seas and oceans. So, the problem of water pollution is almost worldwide.Scientists of many countries have done a lot of work to stop pollution. The polluted water in some places has become clean and drinkable again. Perhaps one day the people in all towns and cities will be drinking clean water. That day, we believe, is not very far off. (161 words) Passage 32Making a ComplaintComplaining about faulty goods or bad services is never easy. But if something you have bought is faulty or does not do what was claimed for it, you are not asking for a favour to get it put right.。
大学英语专业四级听写(50篇)
puter Eyeglasses
①As computers become a more and more vital part of today's lifestyle and practices,/ new medical conditions are developing as a result of their usage. / ② The most common to date is computer vision problems, / which include eye pain, tired and burning eyes, watering or dry eyes, eye strain. / ③One Would never imagine that such a useful and innovative tool could cause so much physical discomfort ! / ④As a result of these, science professionals seized the opportunity / to create computer eyeglasses to ease these common conditions / and make computer usage less painful and more comfortable. / ⑤The computer vision problems affect adults as well as children./ ⑥Although children normally have different requirements for near and distance vision glasses, / computer eyeglasses can be used universally for both groups. / ⑦Please note that near and distance vision glasses / should not be used as replacements for computer glasses. /⑧They do not serve the same purpose, / and in some cases will cause more harm than good. (158 words)
英语专业四级考试历年听写原文(doc 页)
英语专业四级考试历年听写原文(doc 页)专业四级考试听写评分标准1. 听写共分15小节，每节1分，扣分一律写在试卷右边的空白处。
大错误下面画线。
小错误用圆圈表示，重复错误用三角记号表示。
2. 每节最多扣1分。
3. 重复错误，仅扣一次分。
4. 错误共分两类：小错误（minor mistakes）和大错误（major mistakes），分别扣0.25分和0. 5分。
A. 小错误：1）单词拼写错一到两个字母。
例：steadily →staedily；harbor →habor两个字母以下的词、次序颠倒算小错。
2）标点符号错误（含大小写）。
例：World War I →world war one, and then adopted →. And then adopte d3) 冠词、单复数错误。
例：until the beginning →until beginning; p arent →parents4）小错误扣分标准：小错误在一节中出现一次，留作总计；出现两次：扣0.5分；出现三次：扣0.5分后留作总计；出现四次：扣1分。
5）未扣分小错误的扣分标准：累计2 ~ 4 个：扣0.5分累计5 ~ 8 个：扣1分B. 大错误：漏写、加词、造词、换词（冠词作小错计）、大移位、时态错误，每个错误扣0.5分。
例：loved →love；task —test；trip —trap；flee —flea；have finished —finsh（ed）5. 一些特例的扣分标准：下列情况不扣分：World War I →World War Onerace car →racecarwell-balanced →well balanced90 percent →90%6. 总分只有0.5分时，以1分计算；其余总分中如含小数点的，小数舍去，保留整数，如12.5 →12；7.5 →77. 空白卷一律打0分。
英语专业四级考试历年听写原文（1993年——2006年）Package Holidays (1993)Package holidays, covering a two weeks' stay in an attractive place, are increasingly popular. Once you get to the airport, it is up to the tour operator to see that you get safely to your destination．Everything is laid on for you．There is, in fact, no reason for you to bother to arrange anything yourselve s．You make friends and have a good time. But there is very little chance that you will really get to know the local people．This is even less likely on a coach tour, when you s pend almost your entire time traveling．Of c ourse, there are carefully planned stops for you to visit historic buildings and monument s. You may visit the beautiful, the historic, t he ancient. But time is always short．There i s also the added disadvantage of being oblig ed to spend you holiday with a group of pe ople you have never met before．The American Family (1994)The American family unit is changing. There used to be mainly two types of famili es, the extended and the nuclear. The forme r included mother, father, children, and som e other relatives such as grandparents, living in the same house or nearby. Then as the economy progressed from agricultural to ind ustrial, people began moving to different par ts of the country in order to search for job opportunities. These moves split up the exte nded family.The nuclear family consisting o f only parents and children has therefore be come far more wide spread. Today’s family, however, can be composed of diverse combi nations. With the divorce rate nearly one in two, there's an increase in single-parent ho mes—a father or mother living with one or more children.Blended families occur when divorced men and women remarry and com bine the children from former marriages into a new family. On the other hand, there is an increase in childless couples while one i n rive Americans lives alone.Unidentified Flying Objects (1995)There are many explanations for why U FOs visit the Earth. / The most popular one is that they maybe visitors from other plan ets./ To fly such aircraft, their builders must develop different forms of aviation,/because they seem to fly much faster than normal ai rcraft./ The UFOs, it is believed, must contai n scientists/ from other planets who are stud ying life on earth./ It is even believed that s everal such aircraft may have landed on ear th/ and the space visitors may be living amo ngst us./ But there are also less fantastic ex planations available./ Although some sighting s of UFOs are difficult to explain, most can be explained quite easily./ In many cases th e observers might have made a mistake./ Th ey might have seen a weather balloon or anaircraft./ Or the light they saw in the sky might have been light from the ground,/ refl ected on to the clouds./ However, the exact cause of many sightings still remained a mys tery.The Indian Medicine Man (1996)Among the Indians of North America, t he medicine man was a very important pers on. He could cure illness and he could spea k to the spirits. The spirits were the supern atural forces that controlled the world. The Indians believed that bad spirits made peopl e ill. So when people were ill, the medicine man tried to help them by using magic. He spoke to the good spirits and asked for thei r help. Many people were cured, because th ey thought the spirits were helping them, bu t really these people cured themselves. Somet imes your own mind is the best doctor for you. The medicine men were often successful for another reason, too. They knew about plants that really can cure illness. A lot ofmedicines are made from the plants that we re used by medicine men hundred of years ago.Legal Age for Marriage (1997)Throughout the United States, the legal age for marriage shows some difference. The most common age without parents’ consent is 18 for both females and males. However, persons who are under age in their home s tate can get married in another state, and t hen return to the home state legally married. Each state issues its own marriage license. Both residents and non-residents are qualifie d for such a license. The fees and ceremonie s vary greatly from state to state. Most state s, for instance, have a blood test requiremen t, but a few do not. Most states permit eith er a civil or religious ceremony, but a few r equire the ceremony to be religious. In most states a waiting period is required before t he license is issued. This period is from oneto five days depending on the state. A thre e-day-wait is the most common. In some stat es there is no required waiting period.The Railways in Britain (1998)The success of early railways, such as t he lines between big cities,/ led to a great in crease in railway building in Victorian times. / Between 1835 and 1865 about 25000 kilo meters of track were built,/ and over 100 ra ilway companies were created. /Railway travel transformed people's lives. / Trains were first designed to carry goods. / However, a law in the 19th century force d railway companies to run one cheap train a day / which stopped at every station and cost only a penny a mile. / Soon working c lass passengers found they could afford to tr avel by rail. / Cheap day excursion trains b ecame popular and seaside resorts grew rapi dly. / The railways also provided thousands of new jobs:/ building carriages, running therailways and repairing the tracks. / Railwa ys even changed the time. / The need to run the railways on time meant that local time was abolished/ and clocks showed the same t ime all over the country. /United Nations Day(1999)The 24th of October is celebrated as Un ited Nations Day. h is a day that belongs to everyone. And it is celebrated in most coun tries of the world. Some countries celebrate for a week instead of a day. In many parts of the world, schools have special programs for the day. Boys and girls in some commun ities decorate a UN tree. In other communiti es, young people put on plays about the UN. Some libraries exhibit childr en’s art worksth the songs and dances of other countries o r give parties where foods of other countries are served. No matter how the day is celeb rated, the purpose of these celebrations is to help everyone understand the UN, and the important roles it plays in world affairs. Th e UN encourages people to learn about othe r lands and their customs. In this way, peop le can gain a better understanding and appr eciation of peoples all over the world.What We Know About Language(2000) Many things about language are a mys tery and will remain so. However, we now d o know something about it. First, we know t hat all human beings have a language of so me sort. No human race anywhere on earth is so backward that it has no language of i ts own at all. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many phe languages they speak are by no means p rimitive. In all the languages existing in the world today, there are complexities that mus t have been developed for years. Third, we know that all languages are perfectly adequa te. Each is a perfect means of expressing its culture. And finally, we know that language changes over time, which is natural and no rmal if a language is to survive. The langua ge which remains unchanged is nothing but dead.Characteristics of A Good Reader(2001) To improve your reading habits, you must understand the characteristics of a goo d reader. First, the good reader usually read s rapidly. Of course, he does not read every piece of material at the same rate. But whe ther he is reading a newspaper or a chapterely fast. He has learned to read for ideas ra ther than words one at a time. Next, the go od reader can recognize and understand gen eral ideas and specific details. Thus he is ab le to comprehend the material with a minim um of effort and a maximum of interest. Fi nally, the good reader has in his command s everal special skills, which he can apply to r eading problems as they occur. For the colle ge student, the most helpful of these skills i nclude making use of the various aids to un derstanding that most text books provide an d skim-reading for a general survey. Disappearing Forests(2002)The world’s forests are disappearing. Aen lost since agriculture began some 10,000 years ago. The remaining forests are home t o half of the world’s species, thus becoming the chief resource for their survival. Tropica l rain forests once covered 12% of the land of the planet, as well as supporting at least half of the world’s species of plants and an imals. These rain forests are home to million s of people. But there are other demands on them. For example, much has been cut for timber. An increasing amount of forest lan d has been used for industrial purposes or f or agricultural development such as crop-gro wing. By the 1990’s less than half of the ear th’s original rain forests remained, and they continued to di sapp ear at an alarming rate every year. As a result the world’s forests are now facing gradual extinction.Salmon (2003)Every year, millions of salmon swim fro m the ocean into the mouths of rivers and t hen steadily up the rivers. Passing through waters, around rocks and waterfalls, the fish finally reach their original streams or lakes. They dig out nests in the riverbed and lay their eggs. Then, exhausted by their journe y, the parent salmon die. They have finished the task that nature has given them. Month s, or years later, the young fish start their t rip to the ocean. They live in the salt water from 2-7 years, until they, too are ready to swim back to reproduce. Their life cycle he lps man provide himself with a basic food-fi sh. When the adult salmon gather at the riv er mouths for the annual trip up the rivers, they are in the best possible condition, and nearly every harbor has its salmon fishing fleet ready to catch thousands for markets. Money (2004)Money is accepted across the world as payment for goods or services. People use m oney to buy food, clothes and hundreds of o ther things. In the past, many different thin gs were used as money. People on Pacific isl ands once exchanged shells for goods. The C hinese used cloth and knives. In Africa, elep hant tusks or salt were used. Even today, so me people in Africa are still paid in salt. C oins were first invented by the Chinese. Ori ginally, they were round pieces of metal wit h a hole in the center, so that a piece of str ing could keep them together. This made doi ng business much easier, but people still fou nd coins inconvenient to carry when they w anted to buy something expensive. To solve t his problem, the Chinese again came up wit h the solution. They began to use paper mo ney for coins. Now paper notes are used thr oughout the world.The Wrist Watch （2005）It is generally believed that wrist watch es are an exception / to the normal sequenc e in the evolution of man's jewelry. / Revers ing the usual order, they were first worn by women, / and then adopted by men. / In t he old days, queens included wrist watches a mong their crown jewelry. / Later, they wer e worn by Swiss workers and farmers. / Unt il World War I, Americans associated the w atch with fortune hunters. / Then army offic ers discovered that the wrist watch was mos t practical for active combat. / Race car dri vers also loved to wear wrist watches, / and pilots found them most useful while flying. / Soon men dared to wear wrist watches wit hout feeling self-conscious. / By 1924, some 30 percent of man's watches were worn on tAnd they are now worn by both men and women / for practical purposes rather than for decoration.The Internet (2006)The Internet is the most significant prog ress in the field of communications. / Imagin e a book that never ends, a library with a million floors, / or imagine a research projec t with thousands of scientists / working arou nd the clock forever. / This is the magic of the Internet. / Yet the Internet has the pote ntial for good and bad. / One can find well-organized, information-rich websites. / At the same time, one can also find wasteful websi tes. / Most websites are known as different I nternet applications. / These include online g ames, chat rooms (chatrooms) and so on. / These applications have great power, too. / Sometimes the power can be so great / that young people may easily become victims tothe seriousness of the problem. / We must w ork together to use its power for better end s.专业四级标准听写二十篇TEM 4 Dictation Practices Passage 1SaltWe do not know when man first began to use salt, / but we do know that it has b een used in many different ways throughout history. / Historical evidence shows, for exa mple, that people who lived over 3,000 years ago ate slated fish. / Thousands of years ag o in Egypt, salt was used to preserve the de ad. /Stealing salt was considered a major cri me during some periods of history. / In 18th century, for instance, / if a person was cautory records that about ten thousand people were put in jail during that century for ste aling salt. / About 150 years before, in the year 1553, / taking more salt that one was a llowed to was punishable as a crime. / The offender’s ear was cut off.Salt was an important item on the table of royalty. / It was traditionally placed in f ront of the king when he sat down to eat. / Important guests at th e king’s table were s eated near the salt. / Less important guests were given seats farther away from it. / (17 5 words)Passage 2 Per ceptionsAsk three people to look out of the same window at a busy street and tell you what t hey see. / Probably you will receive three di fferent answers. / Each person sees the samescene, but each perceives something differen t about it. /Perceiving goes in our minds. / Of the thr ee people who look out of the window / one may say that he sees a policeman giving a driver a ticket. / Another may say that he s ees a rush –hour traffic jam at the street c orner. / The third may tell you that he sees a woman trying to cross the street with fo ur children. / For perception is the mind’s i nterpretation / of what the senses –in this case our eyes –tell us. /Many psychologists today are working to t ry to explain / just how a person experience s or perceive the world around him. / Using a scientific method these psychologists set u p experiments: / they are trying to find out what makes different people / perceive totall y different things about the same scene. / (1 64 words)Passage 3 Ball oonsBalloons have been used for sport for a bout one hundred years. / There are two ki nds of sport balloons: gas and hot air. / Hot air balloons are safer than gas balloons, / which may catch fire. / Hot air balloons are preferred by most balloonists in the United States because of their safety. / They are al so cheaper and easier to manager than gas balloons. / Despite the ease of operating a b alloon, / pilots must watch the weather caref ully. / Sport balloon flights are best early in the morning / or late in the afternoon, whe n the wind is light. / Over the years, balloo nists have tried unsuccessfully to cross the A tlantic. / It wasn't until 1978 that three Ame rican balloonists succeeded. / It took them j ust six days to make the trip / from their h omes in the United States to Paris, France. /Their voyage captured the imagination of t he whole world. / (143 words)Passage 4 You Found a Job, Now How do You Save Money?Saving your hard earned money can be difficult, / as most of us enjoy spending rat her than saving, / I certainly had a tough ti me holding onto my money every payday. / When I got my first few paychecks, / right away I spent the cold, hard cash I’d earned by hard work. /But I quickly realized that this sort of spe nding wouldn’t really help me get the things I wanted. / So I made a pact with myself.I promise that before I did anything with th e money, / I would deposit at least 50% of the money into my saving account. / That w ay, I eliminated the temptation to spend that money. /After I got used to saving my money, / it was much easier for me not to be tempted t o buy things when I saw them. / When I sa w a CD or video game that looked appealin g, / I learned to ask myself, “Do I really ne ed this?” / Asking this question helped me a ppreciate my money and not let it slip out of my wallet quite so fast. / (173 words) Passage 5 Online He alth ForumThere are many aspects to health, illness a nd healing. / Among all the teachings there is one theme that is universal to them all / and that is the unquestionable benefit achiev ed by communicating with others about heal th and its related issues. / It is with this sin gle philosophy in mind / that we have devel oped this site as a forum for communication. / Dealing with a medical concern is often d ifficult. / Connecting with others who are going through the same thing / can make a w orld of difference. / Our mission is to develo p online communities to help you make thos e connections. / You can post questions, com ments and respond to messages from others. / We’ve got various topics, and we’re add in g more all the time. / If you don’t see the t opic you are looking for, / just let us know and we will consider a message board for it. / We hope you decide to become a regular participant / and help to make this a great resource. / (158 words)Passage 6 Wo rdsHow men first learn to invent words is un known, / in other words, the origin of langu age is a mystery. / All we really know that is men, unlike animals, / somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelin gs, / actions and things, so that they can co mmunicate with each other; / and that laterthey agreed upon certain signs, called letter s, / which could be represent those sounds, and which could be written down. / Those s ounds, whether spoken or written in letters, wer call words. / The power of words, then lies in their associations, / that is, the things they bring up before our minds. / Words b ecome filled with meaning for us by experie nce; / and the longer wer live, the more we reminded of the glad and sad events / of o ur past by certain words wer read and lear n, / the more the number of the words / th at means something to us increase. / (149 w ords)Passage 7 Teacher-stude nt RelationshipThe relationship between a teacher and a student can be either good or bad, helpful o r harmful. / Either way, the relationship can affect the student for the rest of his life. / A good teacher-student relationship will make the teacher’s job worthwhile. / A bad rela tionship can discourage the student from lea rning / and make teaching an unpleasant tas k. /In order to have a good teacher-student re lationship, / respect between teacher and stu dent is very important. / If the teacher is to o strict, he frightens the student. / If the tea cher is too friendly, the student may become lazy and stop learning hard. / The teacher’s attitude and approach should be in betwee n those two extremes. / As for the student, his proper respect to the teacher must be sh own all the time. / He should be eager to le arn and willing to work hard. /In conclusion, a good teacher-student relati onship can be beneficial to both. / The stude nt absorbs knowledge eagerly and enjoyable, / and the teacher gains satisfaction from hi s work. / (163 words)Passage 8 Nearsight ednessWeak eyesight is a term that is generall y used to refer to nearsighted eyes. / People who are nearsighted can see well at a shor t range, / but anything very far away is like ly to be unclear. / The term “weak eyesigh t” is misleadin g, / for in nearsighted eyes th e lens of the eye is actually too strong. / Th e nearsighted lens is so powerful that it focu ses the light coming onto the eye so quickly. / Nearsightedness is common, and its growt h may be graded; / often the unclearness of distant object is so slight at first / that a p erson may not recognize the condition. / Nearsightedness is frequently discovered first at school. / It is here that a student fir st realizes the difficulty of seeing words on t he blackboard, / whereas others in the class have no trouble reading the blackboard at all. / After discovery, nearsightedness can ea sily be corrected. / You just needs a pair ofglasses / which can decrease the power of t he lens of the eye. / (161 words)Passage 9 Rice CookingRice is very much under appreciated in th e United States. / With the exception of Asia n cooking, / rice is usually a side dish or co mbined with other ingredients. / Rice is very nutritious, low cost and easy-to prepare foo d. / There are different types of rice availab le and the cooking time varies by type of ri ce. / Follow the package instructions for the amount of liquid necessary and the cooking times. / Both vary for each type of rice. / Regular white rice has been milled / to rem ove the hull comes in long, medium and sho rt grains. / Long grained rice is the best for all-purpose use. / Brown rice has a pleasan t nutty flavor and a firmer texture. / While white rice is cooked in about 15 minutes, / brown rice takes 45 to 50 minutes to cook. / When cooking rice do not be concerned if you have cooked rice left over. / There aresome excellent recipes, which use cooked rice. / (151 words)Passage 10 First Sig n of AIDSThe virus causing AIDS enters the blood a nd quickly penetrates certain white cells in t he body. / At first there is often little or no trace of the virus at all. / This situation us ually lasts for six to twelve weeks. / During this time the person is free of symptoms / a nd antibody tests are negative. / The first th ing that happens after infection / is that ma ny people develop a flue-like illness. / This may be severe enough to look like glandular fever / with swollen glands in the neck and armpits, / tiredness, fever and night sweats. / Some of those white cells are dying, / vir us is being released, / and for the first time the body is working hard to make correct antibodies. / At this stage the blood test will usually become positive. / Most people do not realize what is happening, / although whe n they later develop AIDS they look back / and remember it clearly. / Most people have produce antibodies in about twelve weeks. / (156 words)Passage 11 The Librar y of CongressThe Library of Congress is the national li brary of the United States. / It was founded in 1800 to serve the needs of the congress men. / Today, it contains books, articles and documents on every subject imaginable. / B esides senators, congressmen and other gover nment officials, / it serves libraries, research ers, artists and scientists throughout the cou ntry and the world. /The Library is one of the largest libraries in the world. / It has a collection of 74 mil lion items which are housed in three buildin gs. / The bookshelves stretch for 350 miles. /Of the 18 million books, more than half ar e in languages other than English. /The main reading room is a great hall of marble pillars. / It is the center of activity i n the library. / There is a computer catalog center with six terminals for quick access t o information. / For greater speed and effici ency, / the library has installed an electric b ook –carrying system / that carries books f rom one building to another in only a few s econds. / (160 words)Passage 12 A Car Soccer RaceAmerican football is different from the Eu ropean football / and some people think that it is better. / Now there’s a new kind of fo otball or soccer which is played in America. / It’s called car soccer. / The players drive small cars, which are called Beetles. / The players try to catch the ball in their cars. / The cars are protected all since they often crash into each other. / The ball is larger th an the usual one and the players are protect ed, too. / In 1985, the First European car so ccer match took place in West Germany. / Teams from some countries in European pla yed in the match. / The Beetles raced aroun d the ground madly / while the spectators s houted “The ball is behind you”. / When th e match ended, three cars had been crashed into pieces. / And the players as well as m any of the spectators were badly hurt and h ad to be taken to hospital. / Will this car so ccer become as popular as football? I doubt. / (160 words)Passage 13 Changes of Family LifeThe concept of family life has changed considerably over the years. / In earliest tim es, several generations lived together in clans, / which consisted of all living descendents a nd their husbands or wives. / These clans were almost totally self-sufficient, / every mem ber contributing in some way toward the su rvival of the group. / The men hunted and f ished for food or sometimes maintained floc ks of sheep or goats. / The women baked br ead and roasted the meat their men provide d. / Special members of the community were selected to make products like pottery, bask ets and home weapons. / But with the devel opment of greater varieties of food, clothing and shelter, / a single clan could no longer develop all the individual skills the group re quired. / Clans merged into larger societies and at the same time broke into smaller uni ts consisting of married couples and their ch ildren. / Later the Industrial Revolution bro ught about even more important changes in family life. / New inventions brought shorter working hours for men and easier housekee ping routines for women. / Today a producti ve family life suggests not the group’s coope rative efforts of working together, / but the pleasant and meaningful sharing of its leisur e. / (185 words)Passage 14 Vitami nsIt was not until the beginning of this ce ntury that it was recognized / that certain s ubstances were essential in the diet to preve nt or cure some diseases. / These substances are now known as vitamins. / They are vit al for growth, good health, / and maintenan ce of the normal functions of the body. / A well-balanced diet should provide all the vita mins we normally require. / Those of us wh o are fortunate enough to be able to buy su fficient food / should not suffer from vitami n deficiency. / However, for various reasons, / some people do not maintain a balanced diet. / People often lose their appetite becaus e of illness. / People living alone may not bo ther to eat proper meals, / and people on a diet may not eat sufficient quantities of nec essary foods. / Moreover, modern methods o f preserving, freezing, and long-term storageof food, / together with overcooking, can de stroy many of the vitamins. / (145 words) Passage 15 Com etsIn recent years scientists’ investigation o f comets has increased / because of growing interest in the origin of the sun and planet s. / Scientists want to learn how comets are formed. / They think that such information will help explain the origin of the solar syst em. / The word “comet” comes from Greek and means “hairy object”. / In history come ts have a special place. / People believed tha t they brought news of death, destruction or military victories. / The tails of comets pro vide viewers with spectacular sights at night. / Comet tails are millions of kilometers lon g. / The tails frequently reach lengths of 250 million kilometers and more. / The most fa mous comet of history is called Halley’s Co met, which appears every 76 years. / It was named for Edward Halley, a British astron omer. / He predicted the appearance of the。
经典英语专业四级听写100篇
英语专业四级考试听写自我测试100篇（1-50为英式发音；51-100为美式发音）1. Education in ChinaEducation in China today has been developing rapidly. In many provinces, it is compulsory and free. Most children start school at the age of six. They attend 5 years of elementary school and 6 years of high school.After graduation from high school, a student can start his higher education in a two-year college, a four-year college, a university, or a specialized professional school. Most colleges admit students on the basis of their entrance examination records. The cost of a college education is not very high. And the greater part of it is met by their families, though students can get support from their college. Many students receive scholarships from the school, the government, private foundations and organizations.Though great progress has been made in China in the field of education, there is still a comparatively large part of the population in the country who cannot read and write.2.DreamsDreams are a product of the sleeper’s mind. They include events and feelings that he has experienced. Most dreams are related to events of the day before the dream and the strong wishes of the dreamer. Many minor incidents of the hours before sleep appear in dreams. Few events more than two days old turn up. Deep wishes or fears, especially those held since childhood, often appear in dreams, and many dreams fulfill such wishes. Events in the sleeper’s surroundings, a loud noise, for example, may become part of a dream, but they do not cause dreams.Some dreams involve deep feelings that a person may not realize he has. Psychiatrists often use material from a patient’s dreams to help the person understand himself better.Dreaming may help maintain good learning ability, memory, and emotional adjustment.3. EmotionsAccording to psychologists, an emotion is aroused when a man or animal views something as either bad or good. When a person feels like running away from something he thinks will hurt him, we call this emotion fear. If the person wants to remove the danger by attacking it, we call the emotion anger. The emotions of joy and love are aroused when we think something can help us. An emotion does not have to be created by something in the outside world. It can be created by a person’s thoughts.Everyone has emotions, but many psychologists believe that infants are born without emotions. They believe children learn emotions just as they learn to read and write. A growing child not only learns his emotions but learns how to act in certain situations because of an emotion.4. Re-employment of Laid-off WorkersThe issue of re-employment has emerged with large numbers of surplus laborers having been laid off. There is no doubt that it would lead to endless trouble if the surplus were not reorganized properly. In order to maintain social stability and to secure people’s normal living standards, it is essential to work out solutions to the problem.Solving the problem is a two-way operation as far as the government and workers are concerned.On the one hand, the government at all levels should try every possible means to create a wide range of employment options open to laid-off workers; on the other hand, these workers ought not to sit idle and wait for opportunities to come. So long as they don’t lose heart and constantly strive to better themselves, their futures will be bright.5. Describing PeopleFaces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people? Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child- even an animal, such as a pigeon—can learn to recognize faces. We all take this ability for granted.We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone’s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a “nice face”looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a “nice person”, you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly and warm.6. Physical ActivityMost young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It might be walking, cycling or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It might be a game of some kind like football, hockey, golf or tennis, or it might be mountaineering.Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks on high mountains? This astonishment is probably caused by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “team sport”. We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no “matches” between “t eams” of climbers. However, when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork.7. The Clever Man NasreddinAn old man died and left his son a lot of money. But the son was a foolish young man: he quickly spent all the money, and soon he had nothing left. Of course, when that happened, all his friends left him. When he was quite poor and alone, he went to see Nasreddin, who was a kind, clever old man and often helped people when they had troubles.“My money is finished and my friends have gone,” said the young man. “What will happen to me now?”“Don’t worry, young man,”answered Nasreddin, “Everything will soon be all right again and you will soon feel much happier.”The young man was very glad. “Am I going to get rich again then?” he asked Nasreddin.“No, I didn’t mean that, ” said the old man. “I meant that you would soon get used to being poor and to having no friends.”8. A Man and His CarA man was traveling abroad in a small red car. One day he left the car and went shopping. When he came back, its roof was badly damaged.Some boys told him that an elephant had damaged it. The man did not believe them, but theytook him to a circus which was near there. The owner of the elephant said, “I am very sorry! My elephant has a big, round, red chair. He thought that your car was his chair, and he sat on it!” then he gave the man a letter, in which he said that he was sorry and that he would pay for all the damage.When the man got back to his own country, the customs officers would not believe his story. They said, “You sold your new car while you were abroad and bought this old one!” it was only when the man showed them the letter from the man at the circus that they believed him.9. The SunA long time ago people thought that the sun went round the earth. In some countries people even said that the sun was a god. They thought the god drove across the sky each day on a golden horse. Now we know the earth goes round the sun. It takes the earth a year to go all the way round the sun. Today men even know how far it is for the earth to go round the sun. They tell us that the earth travels over a thousand miles a minute on its journey round the sun.The sun is really a star. It is much bigger than the earth and it is very hot. Some people have been to the moon but we know that no one can ever go to the sun. It is far too hot for people to live anywhere near it. The sun is three hundred thousand times heavier than the earth and more than a million times larger.10. Can Animals Be Made to Work for Us?Can animals be made to work for us? Some scientists think that one day animals may be taught to do a number of simple jobs. They say that in a film or on TV we may see elephants, or monkeys, dogs, bears, or other animals doing a lot of things. If you watch carefully, you may find that those animals are always given something to eat in return for doing them. The scientists say that many different animals may be taught to do a number of simple jobs if they know they will get something to eat in return. Of course, as we know, dogs can be used to guard a house, and elephants can be used to do some heavy jobs. And we can also teach animals to work in factories. Apes, for example, have been used in America to help make cars and scientists believe that these large monkeys may one day get in crops and even drive trains.11. Man’s Best FriendAlmost everyone likes dogs, and almost everyone likes reading stories about dogs. I have a friend who has a large police dog. Its name is Jack. Police dogs are often very clever. Every Sunday afternoon my friend takes Jack for a long walk in the park. Jack likes these long walks very much. One Sunday afternoon a young man came to visit my friend. He stayed a long time. He talked and talked. Soon it was time for my friend to take Jack for his walk. But the visitor still stayed. Jack became very worried. He walked around the room several times and then sat down in front of the visitor and looked at him. But the visitor paid no attention. He continued talking. Finally Jack couldn’t stand it. He went out of the room and came back a few minutes later. He sat down again in front of the visitor but this time he held the visitor’s hat in his mouth.12. CommunicationYou speak, write a letter, make a telephone call. Your words carry a message. People communicate with words. Do you think you can communicate without words? A smile on your face shows you are happy or friendly. Tears in your eyes tell others that you are sad. When you raise your hand in class, the teacher knows you want to say something or ask questions. You shake your head, and people know you are saying “No”. You nod and people know you are saying, “Yes”. Other things can also carry messages. For example, a sign at the bus stop helps you to know which bus totake. A sign on the wall of your school helps you to find the library. Signs on doors tell you where to go in or out. Have you ever noticed that there are a lot of signs around you and that you receive messages from them all the time?13. Weather and MenEverybody talks about the weather, but nobody does anything about it. It is true. People usually begin their conversations with “Isn’t it a nice day?”“Do you think it will rain?”“What a fine day!”etc.Many people think they can tell what the weather is going to be like. But they rarely agree with each other. One man may say, “Do you see how cloudy it is in the east? It’s going to rain tomorrow.”Another man will say, “No, it’s going to be fine tomorrow.”People often look for the weather they want. When a farmer needs water, he looks for something to tell him it’s going to rain; he won’t believe anything else. When friends have planned a trip, they are sure the weather is going to clear up very quickly.Almost everyone listens to what the weatherman says. But he does n’t always tell us what we want, and once in a while he makes a mistake.14. A Selfish ManSmith was a landlord. He loved money very much and never gave anything to anybody. One day the landlord was walking along a river with his friends and fell into it. He cried, “Help! Help!” one of his friends held out his hand and said, “Give me your hand and I will pull you out.” But he did not give his hand to his friend. Then another of his friends tried but the same thing happened. Just then a farmer came over and saw all this. He knew the landlord very well. He said to the others, “Let me try.” He held out his hand and said to the landlord, “Take my hand and I will pull you out.” Hearing this, the landlord took the farmer’s hand, and in a minute the farmer pulled the landlord out of the water. All the others were very surprised at this and asked the farmer, “Why did he give his hand to you but not to us? The farmer said, “You don’t know your friend very well, when you say ‘give’ to him, he does nothing, but when you say ‘take’, he takes.”15. The Benefits of Class ParticipationDifferent teachers have different styles of teaching. Some prefer to deliver a prepared lecture, while others expect some participation from their students. Likewise, some students learn best in the former situation, while others do so in the latter. Perhaps the best learning environments is one in which the preferred styles of teacher and students match. For me, that is a class in which the teacher encourages class participation.I prefer to participate in class for several reasons. One is that students’ participation makes the class more lively and interesting. I can hear not only my teacher’s opinions on a subject, but also those of my classmates. Another reason is that I believe the teacher can better understand the students when they interact with him in class. Rather than wait for exam results to indicate how much the students have absorbed, the teacher can learn immediately whether the students understand what he is talking about. Finally, I acquire more knowledge in this kind of class. I can ask more in-depth questions and satisfy my curiosity.16. OilAlmost everyone in the world uses oil in some way. Cars, buses, planes and many trains and ships also need oil. Even our bicycles need oil. Indeed the whole world would stop if there was no oil.Today there is a growing need for oil in the world. So people are looking for it everywhere. Theylook for oil in deserts, in the mountains and under the sea. Quite often they find nothing, but the search for oil always goes on.Who are the largest oil producers in the world? The U. S., the former Soviet Union, and the countries of the Middle East. But China is catching up fast. Before liberation we used to buy nearly all our oil from the U S.. Many foreign people said China was “oil-poor”. But since liberation oil has been found in many parts of the country. Today everyone agrees that China is rich in oil. Our oil not only meets the great need in our country, but also be sold to other countries.17. Time ZonesStrange things happen from time to time when you travel, because people divide the earth into twenty-four time zones, one hour apart. You can have days with more or fewer than twenty-four hours, and weeks with more or less than seven days. If you make a five-day trip across the Atlantic Ocean, your ship enters a different time zone every day. As you enter each zone, the time changes one hour. If you travel westward, you put your watch back; and if you travel eastward, you put it ahead. Each day of your trip has either twenty-five or twenty-three hours. If you travel by ship across the Pacific, you cross the International Date Line. By agreement a new day begins at this line. When you cross the line, you change your calendar one full day, backward or forward. If traveling eastward, today becomes yesterday; if westward, it is tomorrow.18. Building Houses in the Early DaysIn the early days of the old west in North America, life was difficult. People lived on farms far away from other families. They went to town once a week or one time a month. Then they saw their friends and neighbors. On their farms everyone had lots of work. But there were some big problems. How did one family make a house? How could they build a barn alone? Those were big jobs.What did families do to build houses? They asked for help. They asked their friends and neighbors. They invited them to a work party for a few days. The women cooked together. They made breakfast, lunch and dinner. The men worked on the building. For the children it was like a holiday. They enjoyed it very much. They all helped one another for the good of everyone.19. FriendshipFriendship is one of the greatest pleasures that people can enjoy. It is very difficult to find a better definition of friendship. A true friend does indeed find pleasure in our joy and share sorrow in our grief. In times of trial, he or she is always at our side to give us his or her help and comfort.Knowing how valuable friendship is, we should be very careful in our choice of a friend. We must choose someone who has a good character, whose actions are good and who shows kind-heartedness. We should avoid those shallow people who change in the face of adversity or misfortune.A true friend can always be trusted, loved and respected. The most important thing is that a friend always understands you. In conclusion, when you have made a good friend, don’t forget him or her.20.Maintaining Your MemoryIf you do not use your arms or your legs for some time, they will become weak. When you start using them again, they slowly become strong again. Everybody knows this. Yet many people do not seem to know that memory works in the same way.When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong.Have you ever found that some people can’t read or write, but usually they have better memories?This is because if they cannot read or they cannot write things down in a small notebook, then they have to remember them by heart. So if you want to have a good memory, learn from the people: practice remembering things in the way other people do.21.SOS Children’s VillagesIn Europe many people died during the Second World War. As a result, at the end of the war there were many orphans there. A man called Hermann V oss wanted to help these children. His idea was simple. He wanted the orphans to have a home, and he wanted them to have the care and kindness of parents. V oss asked people to give him some money. With this money he built the first SOS Children’s Village started. The letters SOS stand for “Save Our Souls”. This means “Please help us!” and SOS Children’s Villages gives help to orphans.Hermann V oss’s idea for helping orphans soon spread all over the world. By 1983 there were 170 SOS Children’s Villages in the world. People in many countries give money to help the villages. Today the children from the first village are gown up. Now some of them work in other SOS Children’s Villages.putersWe are already familiar with computers. Computers work for us at home, in offices and in factories. But it is also true that children today are using computers at school before they can write. What does this mean for the future? Are these children lucky or not?Many people who do not know about computers think of them as machines that children play with. They worry that children do not learn from experience, but just from pressing a button. They worry that this is not good for them. They think children are growing up not knowing about the real world.But people who understand more about computers see that computers can be very good for children. A computer can help them to learn about the real world more quickly, to learn what then want to learn and to think for themselves. And for the future, don’t we need people who can think clearly, who know how to get information quickly?23.Dick’s JobDick was a clever and hard-working student, but his parents were poor, so he had to work after class and during his holidays to get enough money for his studies.One summer he got a job in a butcher’s shop during the daytime, and another in a hospital at night. In the shop, he learned to cut and sell meat. In the hospital, of course, Dick was told to do only the easiest jobs. He helped to lift people and carry them from one part of the hospital to another. Both in the butcher’s shop and in the hospital, Dick had to wear white clothes.One evening in the hospital, Dick had to help to carry a woman from her bed to the operating room. The woman already felt frightened when she thought about the operation. When she saw Dick coming to get her, she felt even more frightened. “No! No!” she said, “Not my butcher! I won’t let my butcher operate on me!” with these words, she fainted away.24. OpportunityOpportunities don’t come often. They come every once in a while. Very often, they come quietly and go by without being noticed. Therefore, it is advisable that you should value and treat them withcare. When an opportunity comes, it brings a promise but never realizes it on its own. If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions, you must work hard, make an effort and be prepared. Otherwise, you will take no advantage of opportunities when they come to visit you. The difference between a man who succeeds and one who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities. The successful person always makes adequate preparations to meet opportunities as they duly arrive. The unsuccessful person, on the other hand, works little and just waits for opportunities to pass by. In my opinion, there are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society, but only those who are adequately prepared and highly qualified can make use of them for their own purposes.25.Living Life at a Slower PaceIt seems that everyone is in a hurry these days. In our fast-paced and competitive society, many people feel that they must do things as quickly as possible or they will fall behind. Certainly, there are many things for us to do. However, it is not necessary to always hurry to get them done. In fact, living life at a slower pace has many advantages.First of all, slowing down allows us to think more clearly about what we must do. With careful consideration we will make better decisions and make fewer mistakes. And when we do not have to correct the mistakes that we make in haste, we will actually save time. Secondly, when we take our time we can do things more carefully and thoroughly. And when we do a better job we feel more satisfied with our efforts. Finally, if we do not rush through life, we will have more time to enjoy the things that we do. And when we take pleasure in our work, we will live happier lives.26.Owning a CarNowadays, any Chinese can enjoy the luxury of owning a private car, if he or she can afford it. Having a car of your own means no more traveling to work on crowded buses or subway trains, and you can drop the children off at school on the way. Moreover, it also means that you can enjoy the weekends and holidays better, because with a car you can go to places where the regular buses and trains do not go, and so you can find a quiet scenic spot with no crowds.However, there are drawbacks to owning a car. For on thing, with the increase in car ownership in recent years, the roads are becoming more and more crowded. This often makes the journey to work more of a nightmare than a dream. For another, it is not cheap to run a car, as the prices of petrol and repairs are constantly rising, not to mention the price you have to pay for a license and insurance coverage.27．TourismTourism, a “smokeless industry”, is developing rapidly in China. With the “open and reform”policy being carried out, thousands upon thousands of foreign visitors are crowding into our country. They are eager to see this old mysterious land with a splendid culture of more than 5,000 years. Tourism is bringing China a lot of benefits. First, it enables the Chinese people to learn more about the outside world and promotes friendship and mutual understanding. Second, it is financially beneficial to China, which needs more foreign currency for its modernization program. Tourism, however, is giving rise to a number of problems. For instance, it is becoming a burden on our inefficient transport system. Besides, the standard of living of the average Chinese person is still not high enough to be able to afford the many different sorts of expenses met on long distance travel.But it is believed that with the development of our national economy, all these problems will certainly be solved step by step. A much better and brighter future awaits us.28.TimeAs a popular saying goes, “Time is money.” In fact, time is more precious than money. When money is spent, you can earn it back if you want to. However, when time is gone, it will never come back. As the pace of modern life continues to accelerate, the time at our disposal is quite limited. But there are a lot of things to be done in our lives. We should make full use of our time to complete what is useful to us. For instance, as students we should devote most of our time to our academic studies. In this way we can acquire the new knowledge and skill necessary for our future careers. In my opinion, wasting time means wasting our valuable life. But many of us don’t realize this. They think time is inexhaustible. I’m not in favour of such a view. Hence, my conclusion is that we should never put off what can be done today until tomorrow.29.Keeping a Diary in EnglishKeeping a diary in English is one effective way to improve our English writing ability. Compared with other forms of writing, it is shouter and takes less time. If we persist in this practice, gradually we’ll learn how to express ourselves in English. In keeping a diary in English, we inevitably come up against a lot of difficulties. In the first place, it often happens that we have trouble finding appropriate words and phrases to express ourselves. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese. And it is extremely hard for us to put them into English properly. Certainly, there are some other obstacles we may come across in keeping a diary in English. So I suggest we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. Whenever something gets the better of us, we can first put it down in our notebook and then consult our dictionary. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary.30 The Tuition Fee System in ChinaThe system of tuition fees has become one of the hottest topics in China since it was put into effect. Different people have different opinions of it. Some people think that there is no university in the world which is open to students without tuition fees. The Chinese government is unable to allocate enough funds to pay for various teaching facilities and many different kinds of expenses. One of the ways to relieve the problem is for students to pay tuition fees. The money raised in this way can be used to improve school’s operating conditions. Others, however, are opposed to the system of tuition fees. They argue that compared with that in the Western World, the living standard of Chinese people, especially of those in the poor rural areas, is still low. The university tuition fees will certainly add to the already heavy burden on parents, who live on their salaries or wages. Moreover, tuition fees hinder some talented people from entering university only on account of their poverty.31. SmokingIt is known to almost all that smoking is bad for people’s health. Scientific research has shown that smoking can lead to heart disease, cancer and other problems. The World Health Organization says diseases linked to smoking kill at least two million five hundred thousand people each year.Still, many people find it difficult to stop smoking. One reason is that smoking usually becomes a habitual behavior, and habits, whether good or bad are not easy to give up. Another reason is that the effect of nicotine, the substance found in cigarettes works on people somewhat as drugs do.Measures have been taken to help people keep away from the harmful effects of smoking. In many cities, smoking is forbidden in public places. The danger of smoking is warned of everywhere. And newspapers are asked not to publish advertisements for cigarettes. World “No Tobacco Day” is observed every year as the biggest campaign against smoking.32. My First JobBefore I started at university, I took my first job as a waitress in a nice restaurant. The night before my first day, I was too excited to go to sleep and as a result, I got up late in the morning. I threw on my clothes and rushed over to the restaurant.In a great hurry, I didn’t hear clearly the head waiter’s instruction that we should go into the kitchen through one door and out from the other. So when I took two plates of eggs and bacon and an orange juice out to the restaurant, I went straight towards the wrong door and collided with another waiter coming in!Worst of all was that I wore a pair of smart shoes with high heels! A few hours later I was in agony, yet had no time to change them. By the time we finished serving dinner at about 10: 30, I was completely exhausted. Nevertheless, I learnt something from my experience.33. Birth ControlSince the Chinese government singled out family planning as one of the basic state policies in 1978, the country has adopted various measures and achieved great success in birth control. The total birth rate has been decreasing gradually.However, at present China’s population is still growing very rapidly. It is reported that every year the population of this country increases by an extra 15 million. And China encountered a birth peak during the 1990s. it is obvious that China’s economic development and the improvement of people’s standards of living have been and will be greatly affected by the size of population.Therefore, to control population growth more strictly is clearly essential to the country’s reforms and economic development. We should restress the importance of birth control and call on the whole nation to take more effective action.34. AdvertisementsAdvertisements are making their way into people’s lives. People depend on advertisers in their daily lives because they are consumers. The advertisers are not always manufacturers. Sometimes they are salesmen. Their merchandise needs advertising. Thus nearly every product is advertised. To some extent, good advertising means success while bad advertising can mean failure. There are many ways to advertise and “ads” come in different forms. Newspapers carry advertisements. Some products are announced on TV and radio, both of which have a wide audience. Billboards also carry advertising. Advertising is a big industry now and many agencies have been set up to provide a variety of related services. However, advertising is not always truthful. A product is often misrepresented. The advertiser exaggerates the benefits of the merchandise he wants to sell. Thus, he misrepresents the truth. The consumer falls victim to such advertising. Millions of people have。
英语专业四级考试真题听力部分历年听写原文
2005-2014年英语专四听写真题原文2005年The Wrist WatchIt is generally believed that wrist watches are an exception / to the normal sequence in the evolution of man's jewelry. / Reversing the usual order, they were first worn by women, / and then adopted by men. / In the old days, queens included wrist watches among their crown jewelry. / Later, they were worn by Swiss workers and farmers. / Until World War I, Americans associated the watch with fortune hunters. / Then army officers discovered that the wrist watch was most practical for active combat. / Race car drivers also loved to wear wrist watches, / and pilots found them most useful while flying. / Soon men dared to wear wrist watches without feeling self-conscious. / By 1924, some 30 percent of man's watches were worn on the wrist. / Today, the figure is 90 percent. / And they are now worn by both men and women / for practical purposes rather than for decoration.2006年The internetThe internet is the most significant progress in the field of communications.Imagine a book that never rend, a library with milion floors,or imagine a research project with thousands of sientists working around the clock forever.This is the magic of the internet.As the internet has potential for good or bad,one can find where organized information of websites.At the same time,one can also find waste for websites.Most websites are known as different internet of applications.These include online games,check rooms and so on.These applications have great power,too.Sometimes,the power can be so great.That young people may easily become victims to their attraction.So we need to recognize the seriousness of the problem.We must work togerther to use its power for better rents.2007年AdvertisingAdvertising has already become a specialized activity in modern times. In today’s business world, supply is usually greater than demand. There is great competition between manufacturers of the same kind of product because they want to persuade customers to buy their particular brand. They always have to remind their customers of the name and qualities of their products by advertising. The manufacture advertises in newspapers and on the radio. He sometimes employs sales girls to distribute samples of their products. He sometimes advertises on the Internet as well. In addition, he always has advertisements put into television programs that will accept them. Manufactures often spend huge sums of money on advertisements. We buy a particular product because we think that is the best. We usually think so because the advertisementssay so. People often don’t ask themselves if the advertisements are telling the truth when they buy advertised products from shops.2008年Choosing a CareerWhen students graduate from college, / many of them do not know how they want to spend their working lives, / and they sometimes move from job to job / until they find something that suits them / and of equal importance to which they are suited. Others never find a job in which they are really happy. / They remain all their lives square pegs in round holes. /When we choose our careers, we need to ask ourselves two questions. / First, what do we think we would like to be?/ Second, what kind of people are we? / The idea, for example, of being a painter or a musician may seem very attractive, / but unless we have great talent and are willing to work very hard, / we are certain to fail in these occupations, / and failure will lead to unhappiness in life. /So it is important to assess our suitability for a certain career in job search.2009年New Year’s EveFor many people in the west, New Year’s Eve is the biggest party of the year./ It’s time to get together with friends or family/ and welco me in the coming year./ New Year’s parties can take place in different places./ Some people hold a house party;/ others attend street parties,/ while somejust go for a few drinks with their friends./ Big cities have large and spectacular fireworks display s./ There is one thing that all New Year’s Eve parties have in common--- the countdown to midnight./ When the clock strikes 12, people give a loud cheer and sing songs./ It’s also popular to make a promise in the New Year./ This is called a New Year’s resolution./ Typical resolutions include giving up smoking and keeping fit./ However, the promise is often broken quite quickly/ and people are back into their bad habits within weeks or days.2010年Freshmen's WeekBritain has a well-respected higher education system and some of the top universities and research institutions in the world. But to those who are new to this system, it can sometimes be confusing.October is usually the busiest month in the academic calendar. Universities have something called Freshmen's Week for their newcomers. It's a great opportunity to make new friends, join lots of clubs and settle into university life.However, having just left the comfort of home and all your friends behind, the prospect of meeting strangers in classrooms and dormitories can be worrying.Where do you start? And who should you make friends with? Which clubs and society should you join?Luckily, there will be thousands of others in the same boat as you.They worry about starting their university social life on the right foot. So just take it all in slowly. Don't rush into anything that you'll regret for the next three years.2011年British Holidaying HabitsIn the late 1970s, air travel became affordable for the average family in the UK, and more people started travelling abroad for their summer holidays. After all, the British weather wasn’t very good, even in summer, so a lot of people left the country for a vacation.In the 1980s and 1990s, young people in the UK became wealthier on average. As a result, they started to go abroad in groups, to places such as Spain and Greece. Once they arrived at their destination, they met with other groups of young people and had one long party.British holidaying habits have begun to change, however. Climate change means that the UK now has a hotter climate, so people do not need to go overseas to find good weather. Also, going abroad is more expensive. As a result, more British people are choosing to spend their summer holidays in the UK.2012年Eco-tourismNowadays many of us try to live in a way that will damage theenvironment as little as possible. We recycle our newspapers and bottles; we take public transport to get to work; and we try to buy locally produced fruit and vegetables. And we want to take these attitudes on holiday with us. This is why alternative forms of tourism are becoming popular in the world. There are lots of names for these new forms of tourism: responsible tourism, nature tourism, adventure tourism, educational tourism and more.Although everyone may have a different definition, most people agree that these new forms of tourism should do the following: first, they should conserve the wildlife and culture of the area; second, they should benefit the local people; third, they should make a profit without destroying natural resources; and finally they should provide an experience that tourists want to pay for.2013年What is a dream forOne theory is that we dream to release the deep, secret desires. We do not express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society. Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the solution. This may be a way to use our dreams rather than a purpose of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important then analyzingthem may help you to focus on the problem and help you to find the solution.The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk. Dreams organize the events of the day into folders and delete what is not needed. But we all know that very little of what we dream is concerned with what happened to us that day.2014年Limiting the Growth of TechnologyThroughout history man has changed his physical environment to improve his way of life.With the tools of technology man has altered many physical features of the earth.He has transformed woodland into farmland.He has modified the face of the earth by cutting through mountains to build roads and railways.However,these changes in the physical environment have not always had beneficial results.Today,pollution of the air and water is a danger to the health of the planet.Each day thousands of tons of gases come out of vehicles.Smoke from factories pollutes the air of industrialized areas and the surrounding countryside.The air in cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy.The pollution of water is equally harmful.In the sea pollution from oil is killing a lot of sea plants and fish.It is now necessary for man to limit the growth of technology in order to survive on earth.。
英语专业四级考试听写50篇
CONTENTSPassage 1 Town and Country life in England Passage 2 A Change in Women's LifePassage 3 A Popular Pastime of the English People Passage 4 British and American Police Officers Passage 5 living SpacePassage 6 The United NationsPassage 7 PlasticPassage 8 Display of GoodsPassage 9 Albert EinsteinPassage 10 Private CarsPassage 11 A Henpecked Husband and His Wife Passage 12 A Young Man's PromisePassage 13 A Kind NeighborPassage 14 That Isn't Our FaultPassage 15 A Guide's AnswerPassage 16 A Qualified PilotPassage 17 Living Tilings ReactPdssage 18 Flowering PlantsPassage 19 Finding the Direction and Location Passage 20 WavesPassage 21 SoilsPassage22 CrisisPassage 23 America's Worst SurprisePassage 24 Great Depression in the U.S. Passage 25 A Place of Our OwnPassage 26 Travel for WorkPassage 27 IntelligencePassage 28 A Free Dress Every WeekPassage 29 TimePassage 30 CartoonistsPassage 31 Water PoUutionPassage 32 Making a ComplaintPassage 33 Where Do the British LivePassage 34 Will Computers Replace Human Beings Passage 35 SoccerPassage 36 ArtistsPassage 37 Professional Sports in the U.S. Passage38 "Howto" BooksPassage 39 Don'tGive UpPassage 40 How High Can You JumpPassage 41 Apology HelpsPassage 42 SleepPassage 43 Our ConcernPassage 44 Gardening in AmericaPassage 45 The Influence of LifePassage 46 AutomobilesPassage 47 House and HomePassage 48 Population GrowthPassage49 Natural ResourcesPassage50 Reading听写原文Listen to the following passages. Each passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed ，listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 12 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.1. Town and Country Life in EnglandThere is a big difference between town life and country life in England. In the country, everybody knows everybody else. They know what time you get up, what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner. If you want help, you will always get it and you will be glad to help others.In a large town like London, however, it can sometimes happen that you have never seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his nameor anything about him. People in London are often very lonely. This is because people go to different places in the evenings and at weekends. If you walk through the streets in the centre of London on Sunday, it is like a town without people. One is sorry for old people living on theirown .They could die in their homes and would not be discovered for weeks or even months. (154 words)Useful Words and Expressions:next door n. n．隔壁the neighbors next他door隔壁邻居lonely adj ．孤独的，寂寞的，偏僻的，人迹罕至的lonely life孤单的生活a lonely old man一位孤独的老人a lonely sand一个孤岛the loneliest night最孤独的夜晚on (one's) own独自；独立地；通过自己的努力She lives on her own．她一个人过。
专业英语四级(听写听力)-试卷174
专业英语四级（听写听力）-试卷174(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 DICTATION(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Black Friday Black Friday is the beginning of the Christmas shopping season in America. / It falls the day after Thanksgiving celebration / and has become a discount shopping day / when millions of US shoppers are tempted by massive savings. / There are two explanations for the day's name. / Some claim it was coined to illustrate the point / at which retailers start to make a profit, or go "into the black". / Others believe it was first coined by the Philadelphia police department / to describe the crowded pavements and traffic jams on the Friday after Thanksgiving. /)解析：3.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Buying a Used Car There are several ways to buy used cars. / Places that sell new cars usually have used cars for sale as well. / The car dealerships get these used cars from people / who trade them in for new cars. / These cars might cost more than other used cars, / but they are more likely to work well. / Some people buy a used car directly from the owner. / Car owners advertise these cars for sale over the Internet or in the newspaper. / It may cost less to buy a car from the owner, / but it can also be a bigger risk. /)解析：4.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Bankruptcy Bankruptcy is a legal process for people and businesses that are in debt. / In America, two kinds of bankruptcy are most common for individuals. / These are called chapter seven and chapter thirteen. /Chapter thirteen bankruptcy requires people to have a plan to repay their creditors. / They make payments for three to five years / until most of their debt is paid off. / In chapter seven bankruptcy, people must give up some of their property. / The property is then sold to pay their creditors. / But the people are able to keep the money they earn / after they bring their bankruptcy case. /)解析：5.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： English New Words New words enter the English language all the time. / In recent years more and more words and phrases have entered the language. / But where do all these words come from? / Words come out of the culture they represent and describe. / So if you've got a new development in medicine, for example, bird flu, / then you'll get the new word coming out of that. / If there's a military conflict, / that may well bring all sorts of new words to the fore. / So really words come from the playground, politics and any area of life / because every area of life is changing from day to day. /)解析：6.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Whales Suffering from Shipping Scientists are working to reduce the noise levels / experienced by whales from North Atlantic shipping. / The waters off New England are a home to many species of whale. / Many are now suffering from the noise / which disrupts their communication with each other. / This in turn is affecting their ability to find food and mates. / So a new route has been worked out to reduce the collisions between whales and ships / and increase the transit time of ships. / And a new application has been developed to give real-time information on the location of whales / so that ships can avoid the large gatherings of them. /)解析：。
英语专业四级考试听力听写训练篇章
英语专业四级考试听力听写训练篇章英语专业四级考试听力听写训练篇章Nothing is so necessary for travelers as languages.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语专业四级考试听力听写训练篇章，希望能给大家带来帮助!Passage 30CartoonistIn a good cartoon, the artist can tell in a few lines as much as a writer can tell in half a dozen paragraphs. The cartoonist not only tells a story but he also tries to persuade the reader to his way of thinking. He has great influence on public opinion. In a political campaign, he plays an important part. Controversial issues in Congress or at meetings of the United Nations may keep the cartoonist well-supplies with current materials.A clever cartoonist may cause laughter because he often uses humour in his drawings. If he is sketching a famous person, he takes a prominent feature and exaggerates it. Cartoonists, for instance, like to lengthen an already long nose and to widen an already broad grin. This exaggeration of a person’s characteristics is called caricature. The artist uses such exaggeration to put his message across. (144 words) Passage 35SoccerSoccer has had a slow start in America. In fact, the majority of schools still have no official soccer teams or coaches. But the blossoming popularity of the game cannot be denied. Thanks to the efforts of some world-famous soccer stars, soccer is soon to have its place in American culture.Although soccer has enjoyed decades of popularityelsewhere, it was literally ignored in America. Instead, a variation of the game called “football” was most popular in the U.S. and still is to this day. But the obvious advantages of playing soccer instead will soon win even most avid football enthusiasts.For one thing, soccer is a much safer game to play than football. No one deliberately tries to knock an opponent down in soccer. In fact, the players are discouraged from even touching each other.Soccer is a game that requires skill and dexterity in controlling the ball. Since no one may use hand to do this, soccer players soon acquire incredible control of their heads, knees, and feet. (171 words.)拓展：大学英语四级词汇训练题1. you should keep calm during your _______ test. do not be nervous.a. oralb.platformc.ruded.shield2. our guide gave us a detailed _______ of this painting but we still do not understand.a. authorityb.interpretationc.instructiond.institution3. our _______ is london. but the plane took us to paris.a. departureb.donkeyc.destinationd.discount4. generally speaking, there is always a generation _______ in every country.a. gapb.breakc.globed.equality5. careful planning and hard work will _______ our final success.a. encloseb.ensurec.discharged.deny6. he _______ to his roommate for being so rude yesterday.a. worriedb.doubtedc.apologizedd.dissolved7. when you take a picture, you should _______ carefully to geta sharp picture.a. focusb.objectc.preserved.fix8. the chinese food in the united states is usually _______ for american people.a. exchangedb.alteredc.modifiedd.cooked9. there are _______ approaches to english teaching. but not all of them are equally efficient for our chinese students.a. doubleb.jointinated.diverse10. he has a bad impression of his _______ in the office.a. colleaguesb.bulletsc.barbersd.audience11. his eyes _______ with rage but he did not dare to say anything.a. flashedb.wickedc.votedd.protested12. the list is arranged according to the _______ professions of the audience.a. respectiveb.responsiblec.resourced.resolution13. this is our _______. so you can do what you need to do here.a. substanceb.schedulec.noticed.noun14. that rich man has been dead for a long time but his ________ is still not known to the public.a. sausageb.shelfc.portiond.will15.i could have _______ such a situation but i didn’t.a. forecastb.overcomec.shedd.urged16.i prefer a _______ typewriter to an automatic one.a. mechanicb.manualc.merchantd.mental17.if you want to stop for a moment, just press the ‘_______’ button on your tape recorder.a. toiletb.thumbc.violind.pause20.i have _______ three terrible english examinations thisweek.a. observedb.operatedc.undergoned.suffered21.this is a purely _______ problem, not a political one.a. additionalb.advantagec.announced.academic22.the _______ toefl score for entering this program is 600.a. lessb.sandyc.staind.minimum23.the best example of a paradox is the proverb ‘more _______, less speed’.a. hasteb.rangec.possessiond.purse24.this company provides a very good _______ service for its products.a. maintenanceb.meritc.philosophyd.pigeon25.there is more _______ in meat than in vegetables.a. damb.proteinc.cashd.bloody26.do not _______ in the exam. this will do you no good.a. coinb.disasterc.cheatd.resort27.because of the boring _______, we need to take a vacation every year.a. routineb.surgeryc.rifled.sake28.we need to _______ the purpose of the experiment again.a. clarifyb.cheekc.claimd.clap29.i _______ great success for my study in this university.a. disgustb.proceedc.pioneerd.anticipate30.from the _______ from this examination, we know it is too easy for the students.a. feedbackb.frostc.outlined.overlook31.he drove very fast to _______ that red car.a. scatterb.overtakec.sited.sponsor32.slides are sometimes called ________ film.a. whistleb.vigorousc.robotd.transparent33.professor smith _______the most important part in his paper.a. omittedb.disputedc.designedd.chased34.this knife is made of steel _______ and it can be used for a long time.a. mixedb.alloyc.championd.grasp35.the theory of _______ was developed by darwin and is now understood by nearly everybody in the world.a. determinationb.distributionc.disciplined.evolution36.mr. green has recently been _______ to director of the president’s office.a. pushedb.purchasedc.promotedd.promised37.we don’t think that his _______ ability has been well developed.a. possibleb.potentialc.underneathd.vital38.our _______ talks promise a good future for our cooperation.a. interiorb.insurancec.initiald.invisible39.the _______ can help people to see very small objects.a. metropolitanb.microphonec.microscoped.microwave40.physically we feel comfortable. but _______, we suffer a lot.a. psychologicallyb.moderatelyc.naturallyd.precisely41.mary has a _______ view of our future. but nobody believes what she said.a. portableb.primaryc.possessiond.positive42.nobody knows his _______ for helping us.a. motiveb.motionc.moodd.moral43.both sides agree to establish a _______ zone between the south and north.a. midstdc.mentiond.neutral44.this is a _______ moment for our research. we should be careful.a. criticalb.beltc.conscienced.copper45.this textbook is for the _______ students, not for the beginners.a. observationb.transportationc.advancedd.transfer46.when i read the newspaper, i always read the _______ first.a. headlinesb.headquartersc.heavend.horizon47.they _______ our house at $10,000.a. countb.vanishc.weaved.assess48.when he studied at college, jack was supported by a _______.a. treatmentb.assistancec.scholarshipd.protein49.even as _______, he made several wonderful inventions.a.a stockb.a representativec.an undergraduated.a gulf50.an emergency _______ is very important in case of fire.a. exitb.depositc.discharged.elaborate答案:1.a2.b3.c4.a5.b6.c7.a8.c9.d 10.a 11.a 12.a 13.b 14.d 15.a 16.b 17.d 18.d 19.a 20.c 21.d 22.d 23.a 24.a 25.b 26.c 27.a 28.a 29.d 30.a 31.b 32.d 33.a 34.b 35.d 36.c 37.b 38.c 39.c 40.a 41.d 42.a 43.d 44.a 45.c 46.a 47.d 48.c 49.c 50.a。
英语专业四级考试样题听写部分
英语专业四级考试样题听写部分录音材料文字稿TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJIORSGRADE FOUR(SAMPLE TEST)TAPESCRIPT OF DICTATIONPART 1 DICTATIONListen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.Now listen to the passage.THE RAILWAYS IN BRITAINThe success of early railways, such as the lines between big cities,/ led to a great increase in railway building in Victorian times. / Between 1835 and 1865 about 25000 kilometres of track were built,/ and over 100 railway companies were created. / Railway travel transformed people's lives. / Trains were first designed to carry goods. / However, a law in the 19th century forced railway companies to run one cheap train a day / which stopped at every station and cost only a penny a mile. / Soon working class passengers found they could afford to travel by rail. / Cheap day excursion trains became popular and seaside resorts grew rapidly. /The railways also provided thousands of new jobs:/ building carriages, running the railways and repairing the tracks. /Railways even changed the time. / The need to run the railways on time meant that local time was abolished/ and clocks showed the same time all over the country. / The second and third readings. You should begin writing now.The last reading. Now ,you have two minutes to check through your work.(a 2-minute interval)This is the end of the Dictation.英语专业四级考试样题听力理解部分录音材料文字稿TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORSGRADE FOUR(SAMPLE TEST)TAPESCRIPT OF LISTENINGCOMPREHENSIONPART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONIn Sections A, Band C you will hear everything once only. Listen carefully and thenanswer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation. you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the conversation.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the conversation.I: Welcome to visit our city, Mr~ Lewis - but, of course, you have been here before, haven't you?L:Yes, I have, what a good memory you have! I was here for the Arts Festival last year.I:And what will you be doing on this visit?L:Oh, I came here primarily for a holiday and to see some friends. But I will also be giving some private cello lessons as well.I:I believe that your cello is rather special. Is that true?L；Oh, yes. It was made for my uncle by a very expert German cello maker called Schuster. When I began cello lessons at the age of eight, he said that when I grew big enough to handle a full-sized cello, he would give it to me.I:So when a child begins to play the cello, he or she starts on a smaller instrument? L:Of course, or he would be very uncomfortable. Many children begin with a half-sized cello, but as I was big for my age, I began with a two-thirds-sized cello.I:Are you going to other places on this trip and will you take your cello with you? LYes, very definitely.I:But, isn't it difficult taking a cello around with you?L:Not really. I just reserve two seats when I'm traveling anywhere, one for me and one for my cello. It's such a precious instrument to me that it hardly ever leaves my side.Hello, Mark. Have you ever played cricket? No, never. Have you, John?No, but I once watched a game at the Cricket Club.Did you enjoy it?No, not much, though everybody else seemed to. I found it very slow. Nothing much seemed to happen. Perhaps that was because I didn't really understand what was going on.It's a bit like baseball, isn't it?Well, not really. In baseball there is only one man with a bat but in cricket there are two.Both at the same time?No. They take turns. They each stand at one end of the pitch in front of some sticks called "stumps" or the "wicket". A member of the other team, the" bowler", throws the ball at the stumps. The batsman tries to protect the wicket and hit the ball as far ashe can.What happens when he hits the ball?The batsmen run to change positions. That's called a "run". They do it as many times as they can.What does the other team do?One of them runs after the ball and throws it at the wicket. If he hits it while the batsmen are still running, one of them is out.That sounds a little like baseball.Not really. I think baseball is more exciting.Yes, so do 1.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the conversation.My brother Mike has just done a course at the Green Park Camping School.Really! What made him decide to do that?Well, for one thing, some boys in his class decided to do it and they dared him to go with them!You mean he didn't really want to go?I think he wanted to go but I think he was also a little frightened. Of course, now that he's done it, he's very pleased with himself and he's always talking about it.So he enjoyed it, didn't he?Not exactly. I think he's enjoying the feeling of having done it more than he enjoyed actually doing it!What sort of things did he do?Oh, all sorts of open-air activities: hiking, camping, canoeing. One thing he had to do was to capsize a canoe and then right it again without getting out. He said the water was very cold but that he hardly noticed it at the time.Why not?He was too busy righting the canoe!That doesn't sound very comfortable at this time of the year.That's what I said when he told me. On another occasion he had to spend a day and a night byhimself in the open country.Was he frightened?He was at first, apparently, but then he got used to it.It seems to me that the course did him a lot of good. I expect it's made him more self-reliant. That's what he says - and now he wants me to go!SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given15 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the passage.Although it is impossible to eliminate all risks from such a complex and experimental project as the American space programme, every precaution is taken to reduce the possibility of injury. Nevertheless, accidents do happen. The first major casualties occurred when, despite every precaution, fire broke out on the Apollo 5 capsule on January 27, 1967. In spite of every effort to save them. three men died in this terrible accident.The programme continued without pause, however, and there were no more serious injuries until 1981.Then, the engines having been successfully tested on an earlier occasion, a rehearsal for the actual launching was held. Not knowing that an engine-chamber was full of nitrogen gas, used to clean the motor, six technicians entered for routine work after the final rehearsal had been declared successful. They collapsed as soon as the gas entered their lungs. One man died and the others were very ill.Though everyone involved was shocked and grieved by this apparently unnecessary accident, preparations continued for the actual launching later that year. How-" ever hard we try, accidents are bound to happen whenever a new and challenging project is undertaken. It seems to be the price of progress.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the passage.In Britain, just after the main television news programmes, audience figures rise. It's weather forecast time. The BBC broadcasts forty-four live forecasts a day, 433 hours of weather a year, using forecasters from the Meteorological Office. The Met. Office makes predictions about the weather seven days in advance. These are based on observations from the ground, from satellites and from radar. The observations are stored in computers that can do up to 4 000 million calculations a second.In Britain the weather is news. A television weather forecast often begins with an interesting fact - the town with the top temperature of the day or the place with the most rain. "The public like that kind of information," says senior forecaster Bill Giles. The BBC forecasters are professional meteorologists, but they do not have an easy job. They are the only presenter, , , s on television who do not use a script, and they cannot see the map that they are describing. Viewers are o, ften critical, especially of female presenters. One woman left her job after rude letters and press reports about her clothes.The British talk about the weather more than almost any other subject, so it is a surprise to discover that seventy per cent of television viewers cannot remember what they saw on the weather forecast. "What happens is that people like watching and hearing the forecasts, but they probably only take real notice when they need to," says one forecaster. "Or, of course, when we make mistakes! "Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the passage.A record number of tourists visited the city this year, and tourist spending appears tohave increased. Hotel occupancy rates are likely to exceed the world average.The latest issue of the Tourist Association's TravelBulletin says that last year's record arrivals figure of 2.5 million was passed last month. During the month, traditionally the peak tourist period of the year, hotels were reporting an 87 per cent plus occupancy rate.The Bulletin notes an increased tendency this year for people to vi "it the city on holiday. Last year, 65 per cent of the visitors cam,e for holidays while 21 per cent were on business. "This year's figures so far are showing a swing in favour of more vacation travelers plus an increase in the arrivals for meetings and conferences," the Bulletin reports.Total tourist expenditure was running about 10 per cent higher earlier this year over the same period last year. Visitors spent 11 million yuan last year, a substantial increase over the previous year. Money spent on shopping, however - the largest single visitor expenditure - dropped slightly in the first half of the year, but spending on items such as tours, dining and entertainment increased. Nevertheless, money spent by tourists in shops still accounted for 60 per cent of total tourist expenditure. The rest was spent mainly on hotel accommodation and meals.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestions 21 to 23 are based on the following news.At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.A 20-year action plan for cutting the rate of world population growth is expected to win wide approval today in Cairo. Delegates at the UN-sponsored conference on population completed final talks on the plan Monday.The document is non-binding, but it will serve as a guideline for countries and donor states that fund health care and family planning programmes. The world population of 5.7 billion currently is growing at more than 90 million a year.Questions 24 and 25 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item you ,will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.About 100 people are now known to have died in what have been described as the worst storms ever to hit the eastern US this century. The hurricane-force winds first struck the Gulf of Mexico, and have now spread across the Canadian border, continuing to bring record snowfalls, severe flooding and causing millions of dollars of damage. All major airports have now reopened and airlines are beginning to cope with the backlog of thousands of stranded passengers. The storms also par.alyzed areas of Cuba where several people were killed and property and crops destroyed. Questions 26 and 27 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, YOlk will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.US Senate has passed a landmark bill aimed at ending the country's huge budget deficits within the next seven years. It would cut government spending by more than 900 000 million dollars. Health, education and hundreds of other programmes will be hit. The bill was passed last week by the- House of Representatives. Andcongressional leaders now have to work out a compromise. A BBC Washington correspondent says the stage is now set for a confrontation with the White House. President Clinton has threatened to veto the Republican plans..Question 28 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.France has carried out the first of a planned series of nuclear tests in the south Pacific despite strong international opposition. The French Defence Ministry said the device exploded at an underground site beneath Mururoa Atoll yielded less than 20 kilotons. Australian scientists described it as fairly small compared with previous tests. There's been swift reaction from several countries. New Zealand and Chile have recalled their ambassadors to Paris in protest. Australia condemned the test <l;nd the US expressed its regret. Before the nuclear device was exploded, the French President Jacques Chirac said his country might carry out fewer than the eight tests originally planned. Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 secondsNow listen to the news.The space shuttle Discovery made a rare njght landing at the Kennedy Space Centre early on Thursday. The night landing, the 11th in the Centre's 94 shuttle missions, ended a 10-day mission to outfit the orbiting International Space Station.Although the spacecraft created a sonic boom that could be heard along much of Florida's eastern seaboard, witnesses on the ground could not see the orbiter until it was directly over the runway lights.Scattered showers off the Florida coast had threatened to postpone the shuttle's return, but forecasters gave the green lig~t when they decided no rain would fall within 48 kilometres of the space centre.THIS IS THE END OF LISTENING COMPREHEN. SION. NOW PLEASE PROCEED TO THE NEXT PART.。
专业英语四级(听写听力)-试卷140
专业英语四级（听写听力）-试卷140(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 DICTATION(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Be a Guest in America If you've never been to an American's home before, / you may have a number of questions to make clear. / First, it is the question of whether to bring a gift / Other questions may be related with the dress / or the time of arrival. / It is also important to make clear of the appropriate time of leaving. / After the meal, / the host may invite everyone to move to the living room for dessert. / After an hour or so of general chat, / it's probably time to head for the door. /)解析：3.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Should We Keep Turning the TV On? Turning the TV on is easy, just one flick of a button. / When we're watching it, television becomes a nice excuse to delay our responsibilities. / We find ourselves surfing through all the channels, / hoping to find anything to keep us there. / Before we know it, / we've been staring at the TV for much longer than we planned / and delayed what really needed to get done. / Then, how do you feel after getting up from watching TV? / Do you feel good about yourself? / I believe the answers are self-evident. /)解析：4.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： American Houses Many Americans live in cities, but nearly as many live in suburbs. / Most of the houses in the suburbs are one or two stories tall, / with private yards, gardens or garage. / There are few tall buildings in the suburbs. / Cities have neighborhoods, warehouse stores, / and public transportation is usually pretty good. / Private houses might only have a backyard, / and if there is a garage it probably is small. / Cities have a lot of tall buildings that seem to "scrape the sky", / so they are called "skyscrapers". /)解析：5.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Love Love makes you feel wanted. / If you realize that you can lose the one you love, / then you have a greater appreciation of what you have. / Without love a person could go anywhere / and also become cruel and ferocious. / In the early stage of our life, / our parents are the ones who shower us with unconditional love and care. / But we always tend to take this for granted. / It is only after marriage and having kids / that a person understands and becomes sensitive to others' feelings. /)解析：6.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Tea Drinking in Different Cultures In different countries people have different ideas about drinking tea. / In China, tea is always served when people get together. / Chinese drink it at any time of the day at home or in teahouse. / The Japanese have a special way of serving tea called a tea ceremony. / Another tea-drinking country is England, / where the late afternoon is called "teatime". / The English usually make tea in a teapot / and drink it with cream and sugar. / In the United States, people drink tea mostly for breakfast or after meals. / Americans usually use tea bags to make their tea. /)解析：。
专业英语四级(听写听力)-试卷160
专业英语四级（听写听力）-试卷160(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 DICTATION(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Memory and Ageing Many people worry about their memory as they get older. / But progressive memory loss isn't inevitable as the years pass. / Changes do occur in how the brain works and how we remember things. / And diseases contributing to a decline in mental powers do become more common. / Nevertheless, the majority of people reach their 80s or 90s without significant problems. / Although the way the brain stores memories is far from understood, / there seem to be several types of memory, / including very recent memory, short-term memory and long-term memory. / The older you get, the less efficient the brain becomes at storing and recalling memories. /)解析：3.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Educational Technology Schools are almost all connected to the Internet. / But some have more technology, and use it more than others. / For example, some schools use computers for activities like video conferencing, / to bring the world into the classroom. / And some classrooms are equipped with things like an interactive whiteboard. / Interactive whiteboards are large displays for presentations. / They connect to a computer and can operate by touch. / They can be used for documents or writing or to project video. / Some teachers are trying creative new ways to teach with devices like mobile phones. / But educators say the most important thing is the content. /)解析：4.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： TOEIC TOEIC, which stands for the Test of English for International Communication, / measures the ability of people to communicate in the workplace using everyday English. / More than 9,000 organizations use the test in more than 90 countries. / Non-native English speakers take the test to demonstrate their English skills / when seeking a new job or a promotion. / Some organizations use the TOEIC to measure progress in English training programs and as a placement test. / The TOEIC is really two tests. / One is a paper-and-pencil test, /which measures listening and reading skills. / The other test given on a computer measures speaking and writing skills.)解析：5.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(正确答案：Dictionary A dictionary is a reference book / that focuses on defining words and phrases, including multiple meanings. / The most frequently used dictionary is a language dictionary / that includes the majority of frequently used words in a language. / There are many competing dictionaries put out by different companies. / Not only do they have different forms—but they differ in other ways. / Each company, for example, uses its own version of phonetic respelling. / Many dictionaries include their experts' guidance on grammar, usage, and the history of the language. / Definitions differ slightly, and sample sentences may be the work of the editorial staff / or taken from real-world usage, perhaps the first known written use. /)解析：6.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(正确答案： The Graduation Ceremony In American high schools and colleges, the last day of the school year is graduation day. / The graduation ceremony is often in the school gymnasium. / The people who come to watch the graduation / are teachers, parents and friends of the graduates. / Those students who will graduate will wear long robes and caps with square tops. / The graduate who has the best record in school will make a speech. / The school principal and other officials will also make speeches. / Then each graduate will receive a diploma or a degree, / which has his name and the name of the school. /)解析：。
(完整版)历年英语专四听力真题答案和原文
2000年专四听力答案PART I DICTATIONWhat We Know About LanguageMany things about language are a mystery and will remain so. / However, we now do know something about it. / First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. / No human race anywhere on earth is so backward / that it has no language of its own at all. /Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. / There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped, / but the languages they speak are by no means primitive. / In all the languages existing in the world today,/ there are complexities that must have been developed for years. / Third, we know that all languages are perfectly adequate./ Each is a perfect means of expressing its culture. /And finally, we know that language changes over time, / which is natural and normal if a language is to survive. / The language which remains unchanged is nothing but dead.PART ⅡLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A CONVERSATIONSQuestions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation.M:Jill,have you registered with the next semester?W:Not yet, there's still something that I'm not sure. Do you know if Professor Smith's economics 102 is still available to all undergraduate students?M: No, I don't think so. Last semester I tried to register in that course but all the other people told me not to.W: Why not?M: They said that my lack of knowledge in higher mathematics might be an obstacle in understanding Professor Smith's theory.W: Really?M: (I ) Jack tqld me that Professor Smith usually uses lots of formulas inside class. So you'd better make sure that you are extremely familiar with these formulas if you are seriously considering taking his course.W:What a shame I (2)My friends all told me that Professor Smith has lots of original ideas and he really can stimulate students to think. But I don't think I have the mathematical skills to keep up with the others.M:lf you want to take the course so much, why don't you register in a course in higher mathematics first?W. But I'm afraid that I will miss Professor Smith's course when I finish the mathematics course. M: Hey, I heard that Professor Smith would give the same course in the semester that starts next fall. ( 3 ) Why don't you take a year's higher mathematics and register in economics 102 the next fall?W:That sounds a good idea.I. [ B] 推断题。
专业英语四级(听写听力)-试卷159
专业英语四级（听写听力）-试卷159(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 DICTATION(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Nonprofit Organizations Several well-known nonprofit organizations are international. / Nonprofit means these groups do not seek to make money from their efforts. / Nonprofits usually have a focus or shared interest, / such as the environment, humanitarian aid, or entertainment. / The National Geographic Society is one of the largest nonprofit scientific and educational institutions in the world. / It is primarily focused on exploration, geography and natural science. / It also supports international research and exploration. / The projects it has sponsored or assisted with are more than 9,000. / The Red Cross is probably the most recognizable aid organization in the world. / It provides food and other aid to people and areas in distress. /)解析：3.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Choosing a Good Password Lots of confusion surrounds the choice of strong passwords. / Here is a simple way to create strong passwords / that you can remember and that will make you less vulnerable to online attackers. / The ideal password is a random sequence of characters. / But such a password is not so human-friendly / as you may find it tricky to remember. / One good technique is to choose a memorable phrase / and use the first letter of each word to create an acronym to use as your password. / The chosen phrase should not be well known. / And using capitals and lower case can add quite a lot of strength. /)解析：4.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Race The whole question of the changing role of Blacks in American society / has been the subject of newspaper articles around the world so frequently / that visitors to the United States do not know / what to expect when they arrive. / Many dark-skinned visitors arrive in the United States / fearing personal attack or expecting various degrees of racial prejudice. / Some forms of discrimination still exist, unfortunately, / especially in the areas of the housing, schools, and jobs. / There are still too many areas of the country / where Black Americans do not enjoy the same full opportunities as White Americans. /)解析：5.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：The National Museum of Natural History The National Museum of Natural History is one of the most visited museums. / It has the largest collection of any natural history museum in the world. / Scientists have been collecting these specimens for almost 200 years. / Scientists working for the museum are doing research in many countries / to find new information about the natural world and its organisms. / Each year they report important discoveries to the public. / Now, the expansion of the Internet has made it possible / for people around the world to get this information. / People who are unable to visit this museum / can use computers to explore the museum. /)解析：6.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： In-service Education and Vocational Development Universities, with their complete curriculum, / are intended to first teach us about everything. / Later studies fill in the gap of knowledge by offering more specialized courses. / Universities, however, are meant to teach the theories of any particular field, / not the practical knowledge needed to do our jobs. / Vocational school has risen to fill this gap of practical knowledge. / Vocational schools can aid us in this / by teaching us to be especially good at one thing. / If a person has enough health and energy, as well as determination, / he may go to night school to take a self-teaching program. /)解析：。
专业英语四级(听写听力)-试卷176
专业英语四级（听写听力）-试卷176(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 DICTATION(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：New Renewable Energy Sources Scientists and engineers are constantly working / to make new renewable energy sources. / Three of the most promising are as follows. / The first one is tidal energy, / which exploits the power of tides to produce electricity. / The next is wave energy, which uses waves from the ocean, lakes, or rivers. / Some wave energy projects use the same equipment that tidal energy projects do. / Other wave energy projects float directly on waves. / The last one is algae fuel, a type of energy / that uses the unique chemicals in seaweed to create a clean and renewable fuel. /)解析：3.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Getting a Green Card A green card is an official document / identifying a person as a permanent resident of the United States. / It does not give citizenship to the card holder / but permits him or her to live and work legally in the country. / There are many ways to get a green card. / One common way is through family members who have American citizenship. / America gives special consideration to husbands, wives, children and parents of American citizens. / Green card holders can also nominate their husbands, wives and children for green cards. / A foreign citizen who has been offered a job in America can request a green card. / The employer would serve as sponsor in that case. /)解析：4.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Green Laundry Cleaning In your battle against tough stains, there may be some unintended victims. / Conventional laundry methods are relatively unfriendly to the environment, / and may have bad effects on your family's health. / Greener cleaning methods use less energy and chemicals to get clothes clean, / making them safer for you and the world around you. / Here are some tips for green laundry. / First, wash your clothes in cold water whenever possible / and use a detergent designed to work at lower temperatures. / Second, fill the washer every time you wash because washing small loads waste more water. / Third, use a clothesline or a drying rack to air-dry your clothes when the weather permits. /)解析：5.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Mergers and Acquisitions Mergers and acquisitions are a big part of the corporate finance world. / A merger is when two or more companies combine their operations. / Generally the combined company is able to negotiate lower prices with suppliers / because of its bigger size and market. / Jobs are sometimes also cut in mergers to save money. / The simplest way for companies to combine is through an acquisition. / One company buys another. / Companies may take a large part or a small part in guiding the policies of the businesses they acquire. / Some investors buy controlling shares of stock in companies / but leaving their management teams in place. /)解析：6.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Food Staple A food staple is a food that makes up the dominant part of a population's diet. / Food staples are eaten regularly / and supply a major proportion of a person's energy and nutritional needs. /Food staples vary in different places, / depending on the food sources available. / Most food staples are inexpensive, plant-based foods that are full of calories for energy. / There're more than 50,000 edible plants in the world, / but just 15 of them provide 90 percent of food energy amount that the world's population take in. / Although staple foods are nutritious, / they do not provide the full, healthy range of nutritious substances. /) 解析：。
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专业四级考试听写评分标准1.听写共分1５小节，每节1分,扣分一律写在试卷右边的空白处。
大错误下面画线。
小错误用圆圈表示,重复错误用三角记号表示。
2．每节最多扣1分。
3.重复错误,仅扣一次分。
4.错误共分两类：小错误(minoｒmisｔakes）和大错误(major ｍiｓtakes）,分别扣０.25分和0.５分。
A．小错误:1）单词拼写错一到两个字母。
例：ｓtｅａdｉlｙ→ｓtaｅdily；haｒｂor →habor两个字母以下的词、次序颠倒算小错。
2）标点符号错误（含大小写)。
例：ＷｏrｌｄWar I →wｏrｌd war onｅ, ａｎｄtｈeｎadｏpｔed →. And tｈｅn adopteｄ3) 冠词、单复数错误。
例：uｎtiｌthｅｂeginｎｉnｇ→untｉl ｂegｉnnｉng；ｐaｒenｔ→pａreｎtｓ4)小错误扣分标准:小错误在一节中出现一次,留作总计;出现两次：扣0.5分;出现三次:扣0.５分后留作总计;出现四次:扣1分。
5）未扣分小错误的扣分标准:累计2 ~４个:扣0．5分累计5 ~ 8个：扣1分B. 大错误:漏写、加词、造词、换词(冠词作小错计)、大移位、时态错误,每个错误扣0．5分。
例：loｖed →lｏve；task —test;ｔｒip —t rａp；fｌｅｅ—fｌea;have ｆｉnisｈｅｄ—finｓh(eｄ)5.一些特例的扣分标准:下列情况不扣分:Wｏrld War I →WoｒｌｄWar Onｅrａｃe car →raｃeｃaｒｗｅll-ｂalａnｃｅｄ→weｌl baｌanｃe ｄ90 percent →90％6. 总分只有0.5分时，以1分计算；其余总分中如含小数点的，小数舍去,保留整数,如12．5→12；７.5 →77. 空白卷一律打０分。
英语专业四级考试历年听写原文(1９93年——２００6年）Paｃkａｇe Hｏlｉｄaｙs(19９3)Paｃkａｇe ｈolｉdａｙs，ｃovｅrinｇa tｗo weeｋs' ｓｔaｙin an ａｔtraｃｔｉve place,are ｉncreasiｎｇlｙpoｐulaｒ. Ｏnｃe you get ｔo thｅairpｏrｔ，iｔｉｓｕp t o thｅtouｒopｅrａｔｏｒｔo sｅe ｔhat ｙou ｇeｔsafｅly to your dｅstinaｔiｏn.Ｅvｅrythｉnｇis lａiｄｏｎfｏr yoｕ.Tｈere is, iｎfact，nｏreasｏnｆor you ｔo bｏthｅｒｔo aｒranｇe anｙtｈiｎg yoｕrselves.Yｏu make ｆｒｉends anｄhａve a g ｏod ｔimｅ．But tｈeｒe ｉs very littleｃh aｎcｅｔhaｔyou wiｌl rｅａlｌy gｅt to know ｔhｅloｃal pｅｏpｌｅ.Ｔhiｓis eｖeｎlｅsｓlikelｙon a coａch toｕｒ, wｈeｎyou ｓpｅｎｄａｌｍｏst your entire ti me tｒaveｌing．Of cｏurｓｅ，theｒｅa re cａrｅｆｕlｌy pｌａnned ｓtopsｆor you tｏviｓｉt hiｓｔoriｃbｕildｉngs aｎd ｍonumｅntｓ. Yｏu may visit the beautｉfu l, the histｏｒic,the ancｉent. Buｔｔime ｉs alｗａｙs short.Thｅre is alsｏthｅa ddｅd disａdｖａntａge ｏf beinｇobｌiｇe ｄto ｓpｅｎd ｙou hｏlidａｙｗith ａgｒoｕp ｏｆpeｏpｌｅｙou haｖｅnｅｖｅr mｅｔbeｆore．ThｅAｍericaｎFａmily (１994)ＴhｅＡｍeｒｉｃan ｆamｉly ｕnit is ｃhanging. Ｔhere uｓed toｂeｍainly ｔwo typeｓof ｆａmiｌies, thｅｅxｔeｎｄed and the nuclear. Ｔｈe formｅr inclｕｄe ｄmoｔheｒ, fａｔheｒ, cｈｉldrｅn, anｄsｏmｅｏtｈer rｅｌａtives sｕch as gr andparents,liｖｉng iｎtｈe same ｈｏｕse orｎｅａrbｙ. Ｔｈenａsｔhe ecｏn ｏmy prｏgrｅssｅdｆromａｇricuｌtｕｒalｔｏiｎｄustriaｌ，ｐeople begａnｍovinｇto dｉffｅrent ｐaｒtsｏf ｔhe coｕｎtry in order to sｅarch for ｊoｂopportuni ｔｉes. Ｔhｅｓｅmｏｖes ｓpｌｉt up ｔh e eｘtenｄeｄfａｍｉly.Tｈｅnｕcｌear ｆａmｉlｙcoｎsistｉｎｇof ｏnｌy ｐarenｔs ａnｄcｈildren has therｅfｏre bｅcｏme f ar more wｉｄe sprｅaｄ．Ｔｏday’ｓfａm ｉｌy,howevｅr, cａn be compｏsed oｆdiｖeｒsｅcｏｍbinａtｉons.Wｉｔh tｈe divorce rａｔｅnｅarlyｏｎｅｉn ｔwo, tｈere＇ｓaｎｉｎcrｅase in ｓinｇle-parent homｅs—ａfather ｏｒｍother lｉｖiｎｇｗｉth one or ｍore cｈildreｎ.Bｌend ｅd ｆaｍｉｌies occｕr wheｎdivorｃｅｄmｅn aｎd women rｅmarrｙａnd coｍbiｎe the ｃhildreｎfｒom former ｍａｒrｉa gｅs iｎｔo ａnｅｗfaｍily. Ｏn ｔhe oｔh er hand,therｅｉs an increase ｉn chｉl dleｓs couples wｈile one in riｖｅAmｅｒiｃans liｖeｓalｏne.ＵｎidｅntｉｆｉeｄFｌyｉnｇObjｅcts (1995)Ｔhｅｒe ａre ｍany explanａtioｎs fｏｒｗhy ＵFＯｓvisiｔthe Ｅarth. ／Ｔｈe mｏst popｕlaｒoｎe is ｔhａt ｔｈｅy maｙｂe vｉsiｔors from other plａｎetｓ．/ Tｏfly sｕcｈａiｒｃｒaft,ｔhｅｉr bu ｉldeｒs mustｄｅveｌop dｉfferenｔｆｏｒｍｓofａviａtioｎ,/beｃause theｙｓｅｅm to fｌｙmuch fasteｒtｈan normａｌａirｃraｆｔ./ ThｅUFOs，it is bｅｌieved, mｕｓt cｏｎtain ｓcｉｅｎtiｓts/ fｒｏm ｏｔｈer ｐlanetｓwho ａre stｕｄying lｉf ｅon ｅarｔｈ．/ It is eveｎｂｅlieved that seｖerａｌsuch aｉrcrａft ｍay have ｌａnd ed on eaｒth/ and ｔｈe ｓpace viｓitors ｍａy be living aｍｏｎgｓt ｕｓ．/But the ｒe are alsｏlｅsｓfanｔａsｔiｃexｐlana ｔiｏnｓavailabｌe./Altｈouｇｈｓoｍe si ghtinｇs of UＦOs ａre dｉｆｆicｕlｔｔｏeｘｐlaｉn，moｓt ｃan bｅexｐlaｉn ｅｄｑｕiｔe eaｓｉｌy．/ Inｍanyｃａseｓｔhｅobsｅrvｅrs mｉｇｈｔｈaｖemａde a miｓtake./Thｅｙｍiｇhｔhavｅseen a ｗeatheｒbalｌoon or an ａirｃｒａft./ Or ｔhe lｉghｔtheｙsaw iｎtｈｅｓｋy ｍｉghｔhavｅbeen light fｒoｍｔhｅｇrｏｕnｄ，／reflｅcteｄｏｎto tｈｅc loｕds.／However, ｔhe exact causｅofmａny ｓightｉngｓstill ｒｅｍaｉｎeｄa mysteｒｙ.The IｎｄiaｎMedｉｃinｅMａn (1９9６)Amｏｎgｔｈe Indians of Noｒth Aｍeriｃａ, the mｅｄiｃｉne man ｗａｓa ｖe ｒy imｐｏrtant ｐersoｎ．He coulｄcu ｒe ｉllnesｓand he coulｄspeａｋtｏthe spiritｓ. Ｔhｅspiritｓwere the sｕpeｒnatural foｒces thaｔcontroｌled ｔhe wｏrld. The Iｎｄianｓbelｉeved tｈａｔbad spｉｒｉtｓmade peoｐlｅｉll. Ｓo ｗhｅｎp eｏｐle wｅrｅｉll, ｔｈe mｅdiｃine mａn trｉed to ｈelp them by usｉng magiｃ. He spｏke ｔo the gｏod spirits ａnd askｅd fo r theｉｒｈelp．Ｍaｎy peoｐｌｅwerｅc ｕred，becaｕｓe ｔheyｔｈｏｕgｈｔthe sｐirｉts ｗeｒｅhelｐing tｈｅｍ,but rea lｌy theｓe ｐeople cured themseｌvｅs．S ｏｍｅtimes yoｕr ｏｗn mindｉs the best doctor fｏr ｙou.Thｅｍedicinｅｍeｎw eｒｅｏften sｕｃcｅssfｕl for anothｅr reaso n,ｔｏo．Ｔｈeｙknｅｗabｏuｔpｌａntsｔhat ｒeａｌly cａｎcｕrｅｉllness．A lｏt of meｄｉcines aｒe maｄe ｆrｏm the plａnｔｓｔｈaｔwｅrｅｕsｅd ｂy mediｃine ｍen hundred of yeａrｓａｇo.Ｌegａl Aｇe foｒＭａrｒiagｅ（199７)Thrｏｕgｈｏut the Unｉted Ｓtatｅs, th e ｌeｇａｌａｇe foｒｍarｒｉagｅsｈｏwｓsoｍe diｆｆｅrｅncｅ. The mｏsｔco mmｏｎage wiｔhｏｕt pａｒeｎts’ ｃonsen tｉｓ1８fｏr bｏｔh femaｌes ａｎd ｍal es. Hｏweveｒ, ｐｅrsonｓwho aｒｅuｎｄe r agｅiｎthｅir hｏme state cａｎgetmarried ｉn ａｎｏtｈeｒsｔate, ａnd ｔhｅｎreturnｔｏthe hｏme sｔaｔeｌegaｌl y marｒｉed．Eａcｈsｔate iｓsuｅs ｉt ｓown marrｉagｅlicense.Both ｒｅsident s and ｎoｎ－ｒesidｅnｔｓare qｕａlｉfi ｅd ｆor sｕｃｈａｌicenｓe.Ｔhe fｅes aｎｄｃｅremonieｓvary greａtｌy from staｔe tｏstatｅ. Mｏsｔstａtes,fｏr iｎs ｔancｅ, ｈａｖe a blood tesｔreｑuｉremen t, bｕｔ a ｆew do nｏｔ．Moｓt staｔｅｓｐｅrｍｉt eｉtheｒa civiｌor ｒeｌi giouｓceremoｎy,but a few requｉre ｔhe ceremony tｏｂe ｒeligｉoｕs.In ｍｏsｔstatｅs a ｗaｉting ｐｅｒｉod is reｑui redｂefore the ｌｉcenｓe is issuｅd.Ｔｈｉｓperioｄis froｍone tｏfiｖｅｄａｙs deｐenｄing ｏn ｔhe state. A tｈreｅ-ｄa y-waｉt iｓthe most coｍｍｏn.In soｍe staｔes there isｎo requiｒed waｉting perｉod．The Raｉｌways in Bｒitain(1998)Tｈe succeｓs of early rａｉlｗayｓ, suc ｈas theｌinｅｓｂｅｔweeｎbｉg citie ｓ,/ leｄtｏa great inｃｒeａsｅｉnｒa ｉlｗayｂuｉｌding ｉn Vｉｃtorｉan ｔim es．/ Bｅtwｅｅn １８3５ａnｄ１865 ａbo uｔ２50００kilｏmeterｓoｆｔrａｃkｗｅｒｅｂuilt，／ａnd oveｒ1０0 ｒail wａy comｐanｉes weｒe crｅaｔed. / Railwayｔravelｔｒansfｏrｍed ｐeopl ｅ's lｉves./ Trainｓwere firstｄesigｎe ｄｔｏｃarｒy ｇoods. ／Ｈowｅveｒ, ａlaｗin the 1９ｔh ceｎtuｒyｆｏrcｅｄｒａilwａy companieｓto rｕｎｏne cｈｅap train a daｙ／whicｈstｏｐｐｅｄat evｅｒy ｓtatiｏn aｎd cosｔｏnｌｙ a ｐennｙａｍile. / Sｏoｎwoｒking class ｐａsｓｅnｇｅrｓfound ｔｈeｙｃoulｄafｆord toｔraveｌｂｙrａil．/Cheap dａy eｘcurｓiｏn trａｉns became populaｒａnｄseasidｅｒesorts gｒew rａpidly. ／Tｈｅｒaｉlwaｙsａｌso provided ｔｈousａnｄs of ｎｅw jobs:/ buｉlding carrｉaｇｅs, ruｎning the raｉｌwaysａnｄrｅpａirinｇthe traｃｋs. /Ｒailwａyｓeven chaｎged ｔｈｅtｉme. / The need tｏrun tｈe ra ilwａys on time mｅａｎt that ｌｏcal tｉm ｅｗas ａboｌｉsheｄ/aｎdｃｌｏcｋsｓｈowｅdｔｈe sａmｅtｉmｅall ove ｒthe country．/Ｕnitｅd Nａtiｏns Ｄay(1999）Thｅ24ｔh oｆＯctober iｓcelebｒa ted as UnｉteｄNatiｏｎs Day. h iｓａｄaｙｔhａｔbeloｎgs tｏeverｙoｎe. And it iｓcｅｌebraｔedｉn most cｏunｔｒieｓof the world．Some cｏｕntrieｓce ｌebrate for a wｅeｋinstead of ａｄay. I ｎmanｙpａrts ｏfｔhe wｏrlｄ，ｓｃｈoｏls havｅspecｉal proｇrａｍsｆoｒt hｅday. Ｂoys aｎd girlｓiｎsoｍe ｃo ｍｍuniｔｉｅs decorate a UＮtreｅ．Ｉn oｔherｃommunitｉｅｓ, yｏｕng peoｐlｅput ｏn plａyｓabｏutｔhe UN. Ｓome lib rariｅs eｘhibit children’ｓａrt worｋsｆｒom arounｄｔｈｅworld.Ｓcｈools celeb ｒａtｅｗitｈtｈe sｏｎｇs ａnd ｄａnｃes of oｔheｒｃｏuｎtries oｒgive parｔi ｅs wherｅfoｏds of othｅｒcouｎtｒｉeｓａｒｅｓｅｒvｅd. No ｍattｅr how tｈe ｄａy iｓcelebｒａｔｅd，thｅpurpｏse oｆｔｈｅｓe celｅbｒatioｎs is ｔo ｈelp evｅryｏnｅunderｓtand the UＮ, anｄtｈe imｐorｔａnt roｌeｓit plａys in woｒld ａfｆaｉrs．ＴheＵN encｏuｒaｇeｓｐｅop lｅtoｌeａrnａboｕt other laｎds ａnd t ｈｅｉｒcuｓｔｏms.In thiｓwａy, people can gainａbettｅr undｅrｓtandｉnｇand apｐreciａtｉoｎｏｆpeｏpｌeｓalｌov eｒｔhe wｏrlｄ．Ｗｈat Ｗe Ｋnow Aｂout Laｎｇｕaｇe (2００0)Many thinｇsａbｏｕｔlaｎguage ａｒe a mｙｓtｅｒy ａｎｄwｉlｌrｅm ａin sｏ. Howeveｒ，we noｗｄｏｋｎｏw ｓoｍetｈing ａbout ｉｔ. Fｉrsｔ, wｅｋn oｗｔｈatａｌl huｍａn bｅings hａve a ｌanguaｇｅｏf sｏｍe sort. Ｎo hｕman r acｅanywｈere on eaｒｔｈｉｓso baｃｋwardｔｈａtｉt ｈasｎo langｕaｇｅof iｔｓoｗnａｔａll. Seｃond, ｔher eｉs no such thing aｓａｐrｉmitiｖｅlanｇｕaｇe.Ｔhｅｒｅａrｅmany ｐｅople ｓｗhｏsｅｃulｔｕres are undevｅlopｅd bｕｔtｈｅlａnｇuaｇeｓｔhey ｓpeaｋａｒe ｂyｎo meaｎs pｒimitivｅ．Iｎa lｌｔｈeｌanguagｅｓeｘiｓｔinｇin the wｏrlｄｔodaｙ，ｔheｒｅａre comｐlex itｉｅs ｔhａt muｓt ｈaｖｅｂeen devｅｌopeｄfor yearｓ.Ｔｈird,wｅkｎowｔｈａt all laｎguaｇeｓare peｒfecｔｌｙａdeqｕatｅ. Each isａｐｅrfｅct ｍｅanｓｏf eｘpressｉｎgｉｔs ｃｕlｔuｒe．And finａlly, wｅｋｎoｗthatｌanguａge ｃｈａnｇes ｏveｒtiｍｅ, ｗhich isｎatuｒａl and normaｌif a langｕagｅiｓtｏｓｕrｖivｅ．Tｈe ｌanguaｇe wｈich remains ｕnｃhanｇeｄis nｏthiｎg bｕtｄeａd.Cｈａraｃｔeｒisｔiｃs of A Gｏod Reａde ｒ(20０1)Ｔoｉmｐｒovｅyour readｉnｇｈａbiｔs, yｏｕｍuｓt undersｔａnｄｔhecｈarａctｅriｓｔｉcｓof ａgｏod reaｄe ｒ．Fｉrsｔ, tｈｅgoｏｄｒeａdｅｒusual ly reads ｒapiｄｌy. Ｏf ｃｏurｓe,ｈe ｄo es noｔreａd evｅｒy ｐieｃｅof mａterial ａt the samｅrate．But whetｈeｒhｅis ｒeading a newｓpapeｒｏｒa chapteｒin aｐｈyｓiｃｓtｅｘｔ,hiｓrｅａdiｎｇrate is ｒelatｉvｅｌyｆaｓｔ. Ｈｅｈａs ｌeaｒned to read for ideａｓｒａther thａｎwordsｏne aｔa tiｍe．Ｎext，ｔｈｅgood reａdeｒｃanｒecoｇｎiｚe and u ｎdｅrstand genｅraｌｉdｅaｓand spｅcifｉc detａiｌs．Ｔhus he is able tｏｃomprehend ｔhe matｅrｉal wiｔh a mｉnimum o f effort aｎd a maxiｍuｍofｉnterｅs ｔ．Fiｎaｌlｙ, the gooｄreaｄeｒhaｓｉｎhis ｃoｍmand severaｌspeciaｌskill s，whiｃh heｃaｎapｐly to readiｎg pｒｏｂlｅｍｓas theｙoccur. Fｏr the ｃoｌｌｅge ｓｔudeｎt, tｈe ｍosｔhelｐfuｌｏｆｔhｅse skillｓｉnｃludｅmaking ｕse of the vaｒiｏuｓaids tｏunｄｅｒｓｔan ｄｉｎg ｔｈａｔｍoｓt tｅxt bookｓprovid eａnｄｓkim-ｒｅadｉng fｏｒａgｅner aｌsurvey.Disappeａrｉｎg Fｏreｓts(2002）Tｈe ｗorld’s ｆorｅｓｔs arｅｄiｓappearing．As muｃｈaｓ1/3 oｆｔhe t ｏtal tree coｖeｒｈａs ｂeｅｎlost siｎce agrｉcｕlｔｕｒe bｅgan somｅ10，０00ｙears ago．Tｈｅremaｉｎiｎg forests are homｅto ｈaｌｆof thｅｗorld’s sｐｅc ｉes, thus ｂeｃｏmiｎｇthe cｈief reｓoｕr ｃeｆｏｒtheir sｕrvival. Ｔroｐicaｌrai nｆｏrｅsｔｓｏｎｃe cｏｖered12% oｆthe land ofｔｈe pｌanet，aｓｗeｌl as sｕppoｒtｉng ａｔlｅａstｈａlf oｆｔhｅwｏrlｄ’sｓｐｅｃｉesｏｆpｌaｎｔs ａnd aniｍａls. Ｔhesｅｒａin ｆｏrestsａｒe home to mｉｌlｉonｓof people. B ut thｅｒe ａrｅoｔhｅｒdｅmａnds on th ｅｍ．Ｆｏr eｘａmple,mucｈhas beｅn c ｕt for timber．An inｃreａsiｎｇamoｕn ｔoｆfｏrest ｌａnd hａｓbeeｎused for induｓｔrialｐurｐoses ｏｒfoｒａgｒｉcultuｒａl dｅvｅlopment sucｈas ｃｒｏp －grｏwing．Ｂｙｔhe 1９90’s lｅｓsｔh aｎｈaｌｆof the earth’ｓoriginaｌｒain forｅsｔs reｍaｉneｄ,aｎd they continued to diｓaｐp eａｒat an ａｌaｒmiｎg ratｅe ｖeｒy year. Aｓ a rｅsultｔhｅwｏｒlｄ’s foｒesｔs arｅnoｗfaciｎg ｇradｕaｌextinctioｎ.Salmｏn（20０3)Evｅｒy ｙeａr, mｉlｌｉｏｎs ｏｆsａｌｍon swiｍｆｒom tｈe oｃｅaｎinto ｔｈe moｕths ｏf riｖeｒs aｎd then steａdil y ｕｐthｅｒiveｒs.Pａsｓiｎg tｈｒｏu ｇh ｗateｒs, ａroｕnd rｏｃｋs ａｎd waｔｅrfallｓ,tｈe fｉｓh fｉnaｌly reａch thｅi ｒorigiｎalｓｔｒeaｍｓor lａｋes. Ｔhｅy ｄiｇouｔnesｔs ｉnｔhe riveｒｂｅｄａnｄlａy theｉr eｇｇｓ. Theｎ,ｅxhaus ｔeｄby ｔheiｒjｏｕｒｎｅｙ, the ｐaｒｅnt sａlｍoｎdｉe．Ｔｈeｙｈａｖｅfinｉsheｄｔhe taｓk tｈatｎatuｒｅhａｓｇiv en tｈem. Mｏntｈｓ, or yearｓｌater, the ｙｏunｇfish stａrt tｈeir triｐtｏthｅｏｃeａn．Tｈeｙlｉve inｔhｅsalt ｗater from 2-7years, until ｔｈey，ｔoo are rｅady to ｓｗｉm bａck to reｐroduce.Thｅｉｒｌife cｙclｅhｅlps ｍａn provide himse ｌf wiｔｈａｂａsｉcｆｏｏd-ｆｉｓh．Ｗｈｅｎｔｈｅadｕｌt sａｌmoｎgat ｈer aｔthe rｉvｅr mouthsｆor ｔhe a ｎnuaｌtｒip up tｈe rivｅrs，ｔhey ar e iｎｔhe besｔｐｏｓsｉble coｎｄｉｔｉｏｎ, aｎdｎearｌy ｅｖery haｒbor hａs i tｓsalmon fisｈinｇfleｅt ｒeadｙtｏcatc h ｔhousａｎｄｓｆor ｍarketｓ.Money (2004）Ｍｏneｙisａｃcｅｐｔeｄacrｏｓs t ｈe wｏｒld aｓpaymｅｎt foｒｇoｏdｓｏｒserｖiceｓ. Ｐeople usｅmｏneｙto buy ｆood,clotheｓａnd hｕndreｄs oｆo ｔｈer ｔｈinｇs. In tｈe ｐａsｔ, ｍaｎyｄifferｅnt thiｎgs werｅuｓedａs mone y．Peｏpｌe on Paｃific iｓlands once eｘｃhａｎgeｄshelｌs for goods．Ｔhe Ｃhiｎe ｓｅused clｏth aｎd ｋniｖｅｓ.Ｉn Afri ca,eleｐhant tｕsｋs or saｌt ｗere ｕｓe d．Eveｎtoｄaｙ，ｓｏｍe peｏple in Afri ｃａａｒe stiｌｌｐaid iｎｓalｔ. Ｃoｉnｓｗere first invented bｙthｅChineｓe.Orｉginaｌlｙ, ｔｈeyｗeｒｅｒoundｐiｅces ofｍetal wｉｔhａhｏleｉn thecentｅr，so tｈat a ｐiece ｏfｓtrｉｎｇｃouｌｄkｅep them togetｈｅr.This ma de ｄoing busineｓs muｃh eaｓier, ｂuｔp eｏｐle stiｌｌfｏuｎd coins inconveｎien ｔto caｒrｙwhｅｎthｅy ｗanｔed tｏbｕｙｓoｍethiｎg expeｎsｉvｅ. Tｏｓolｖe this problem, tｈeＣhiｎeｓｅagain cａme up wiｔh thｅsoｌuｔｉｏn.Ｔｈｅｙbｅｇaｎｔｏuseｐａper mｏnｅｙfor cｏins.Now papｅｒnoｔｅsａre ｕsed thｒougｈout thｅworld.TｈｅWrist Watch (2００５)It iｓｇeneｒallｙbeｌiｅｖｅd that ｗrist watｃｈeｓａre an eｘcepｔion / to th e nｏrmal seｑｕenｃeｉｎｔｈｅevｏlu ｔion of ｍａｎ's jｅｗelrｙ. ／Reｖerｓing ｔｈｅusｕal oｒdｅr, theｙwere ｆirstｗornｂｙwｏｍen,/ aｎd then aｄopted ｂy meｎ. /Ｉn the old ｄaｙs, ｑueenｓｉnclｕdeｄwrisｔwatchｅｓamong tｈeirｃrown ｊｅwelｒｙ. /Lａtｅr，they ｗｅｒe woｒｎby Sｗｉｓs ｗorkers and farｍer s./ UｎｔｉlＷoｒld War I, Ａmｅrｉcaｎs aｓｓｏciａｔed the watchｗiｔｈfｏr ｔuｎｅhunterｓ. / Thｅｎaｒmｙoffiｃersdｉｓcovered tｈat ｔhe ｗrｉｓtｗatch was most practical for aｃtiｖe cｏmbａｔ．/Racｅcａr dｒｉveｒｓaｌsｏlov ed to wear wｒiｓt wａｔches，／ａnd pｉｌｏts foｕndｔhｅm moｓt useful w ｈｉle fｌyｉｎg．/ Soon meｎdaｒed ｔｏｗear wｒisｔwａｔcheｓwiｔhout f eeling sｅlf-consciｏｕs./By１９2４, so me30 ｐｅrｃeｎt of man's watcｈeｓｗer e worn oｎｔhｅｗｒiｓt. /Ｔodａy，ｔｈe figure ｉｓ90peｒcｅnt．/Aｎd th ｅy are now worn ｂy ｂoｔh menａnd w ｏｍeｎ/ for pｒaｃｔicaｌpurposes raｔher ｔｈan forｄeｃoｒation.The Iｎtｅｒnet (２006)Tｈe Iｎternｅｔis tｈｅmｏst ｓiｇnｉficant ｐｒogrｅss in the fiｅld of cｏmmun icａtｉoｎs. / Ｉmａgｉne a book that neｖe ｒenｄs, a ｌibrａry ｗiｔh a mｉｌlion floorｓ，/oｒimagｉｎe a researchｐｒo ｊecｔｗith ｔhouｓandｓｏｆsｃieｎtｉｓｔｓ/ ｗoｒkiｎg ａrounｄtｈeｃloｃk foreｖeｒ．/ This iｓｔhｅmaｇicｏｆtｈe Ｉｎｔerｎeｔ．/ Yｅt theＩnｔerne t has tｈｅpotentiａl fｏr good and bad.／Oｎe cａn ｆｉｎd ｗell-ｏrgａnｉzｅd，infoｒｍａtion－rich weｂsiｔeｓ．/ At tｈe ｓａｍｅtｉme,ｏｎｅｃan also fi nd waｓteｆul websites．/ Ｍoｓｔwｅbｓｉｔeｓａre kｎｏwｎａｓdifferent Iｎte ｒnet applｉcaｔｉonｓ. /Theｓe inclｕｄe onlinｅgamｅs, ｃｈat rooｍs（ｃhaｔrｏo mｓ）andｓｏon. / These ａｐplicatiｏns have grｅaｔpowｅｒ, tｏo. / Soｍeｔimeｓｔhe power can bｅso great ／ｔｈａt ｙｏuｎg peｏple maｙeasily become viｃt ｉms to ｔｈｅir attｒａｃtｉon. / So we n eed tｏｒecｏgｎiｚｅｔheｓerｉousness o ｆthｅｐroｂleｍ. / We ｍuｓｔｗｏｒｋｔogｅthｅr ｔo use itsｐｏwerｆoｒb ｅtｔeｒｅｎdｓ.专业四级标准听写二十篇TEM 4 Dictaｔion PｒaｃticｅsＰassaｇe 1SaｌtWe doｎｏt know wｈｅｎｍaｎf ｉｒst bｅgaｎｔo uｓe salｔ,/ ｂut wｅdo ｋｎowｔｈat iｔｈaｓbeｅn useｄiｎmanｙdiffｅrent waｙｓthｒougｈoutｈistoｒy．／Hisｔｏricａｌeviｄｅｎｃe ｓhｏws，ｆoｒeｘample, thａｔpeopｌｅwｈo ｌｉvｅｄover 3,0０0years ago ate slaｔed fisｈ．/ Thousaｎds ｏf yｅarｓa gｏin Egypt，salt ｗaｓｕseｄｔo prｅs eｒve thｅdead.／Stealｉng ｓaltｗａs cｏnsｉdereｄａmajor crimｅdurinｇsoｍe periods ｏf histｏｒy./ Ｉｎ１８th cｅntuｒｙ，ｆoｒｉnsｔａnｃe,/ iｆａpｅrson wasｃａｕghｔｓtealing salｔ，ｈe can be put i ｎjail．/History rｅcoｒds ｔhat ａｂoｕt ｔen thousanｄpｅoｐlｅｗｅre pｕｔi n jａil dｕrｉｎｇthａt ｃenｔｕｒy ｆoｒｓtｅａｌing sａlｔ．/Abouｔ１50 ｙｅaｒsｂｅfoｒe，in ｔhe yeaｒ１55３, ／t aking mｏre saｌt that oｎe was aｌｌｏwed ｔo wａs puｎiｓhabｌe aｓａcｒiｍe．/The offｅnｄｅr’ｓｅar was ｃuｔofｆ.Salt waｓaｎimpｏrtaｎt item on the table of ｒoｙaltｙ./It wａs tｒaｄitｉonａlｌy ｐlacｅd iｎfront of the ｋｉng w henｈeｓat dowｎtｏeat./ Iｍｐorｔａｎt gｕｅsｔｓaｔthｅｋing’ｓｔabｌe ｗere ｓeateｄnｅａr the sａｌt．/ Leｓs importaｎt gueｓtsｗere ｇｉveｎseats fart ｈeｒawayｆｒｏm it．／(17５worｄs)Paｓｓagｅ2PerceptｉonsAsk ｔhｒee pｅopｌｅｔo lｏｏk out ｏf the ｓame wiｎdｏｗaｔa busｙｓtre eｔandｔell yｏｕｗhat tｈey sｅe．/P ｒｏbａｂly you will rｅｃｅｉvｅtｈｒeｅｄiffｅrｅnt answers. ／Eacｈperson ｓee s theｓameｓcｅnｅ, bｕt each pｅｒceiｖes sｏmｅｔｈiｎg differeｎt aboｕt iｔ．/Perｃeiｖinｇgoｅs inｏuｒminds. /Of ｔhｅtｈrｅe peoｐle who look ｏｕt ｏf ｔhe windｏw / one ｍaｙsaｙthatｈe ｓe es a ｐoliceｍan giｖiｎｇa driveｒ a tic ｋet./ Aｎother may sａyｔhaｔhe sｅesａruｓh–hour ｔｒaｆfｉc jam aｔthｅstreｅt ｃｏrｎeｒ．／Thｅｔｈird mａy tell youｔhat he ｓees ａｗoｍａn ｔrｙiｎｇto cross ｔhｅｓtｒeeｔwｉｔh four chｉｌdreｎ. ／Fｏｒｐeｒcｅpｔi on iｓtｈe mind’s interpretatｉoｎ/ of wha ｔthe ｓenses–in this caｓe our eyｅs –ｔell us．/Maｎｙpｓychoｌｏｇistｓtoｄay ａre ｗo rｋiｎg to ｔry to eｘｐlain /ｊust ｈowa pｅｒsｏｎexpｅriencｅs oｒｐeｒceｉｖe ｔｈｅwoｒｌdａｒｏund ｈim．/ Ｕsｉnｇａscienｔiｆiｃｍethｏｄｔhｅsｅｐｓychｏloｇists sｅt uｐeｘｐerｉｍeｎｔs:／thｅy aｒe trｙing to fiｎd oｕtｗhａt mａkｅs diffｅｒeｎt pｅｏple /perceｉｖｅtｏｔａlｌｙdiｆferenｔtｈiｎgs aboｕt t he saｍeｓcene./ (164words)Ｐaｓsａge 3BaｌｌoｏnsBalｌoonｓhave bｅｅn uｓｅｄfor s ｐort foｒaｂoｕt onｅｈundred ｙｅaｒs.／Thｅre are two kinｄs of sｐｏrt bａｌl ｏoｎｓ: gａs aｎd hｏt air. / Hot air bａllo onｓare saｆｅr tｈan gaｓｂalloons，／ｗhｉｃｈmay caｔｃh fire.／Ｈot ａｉr balloons are ｐrefｅrｒｅｄｂy most ｂall oｏnists iｎｔhe Ｕnitｅd Stateｓbｅcａu ｓe ｏf tｈeｉr ｓaｆety. /Thｅy ａrｅal so cｈeａｐeｒａｎd eａsｉer to ｍanag ｅｒthan ｇas ballｏｏns. ／Ｄespiｔeｔhｅeaｓｅof operaｔing a balloｏn，/ piｌotｓmuｓt ｗatｃｈthe weatheｒｃa ｒeｆｕlｌy./Spｏrt ballｏｏn ｆｌｉｇｈt s ａrｅbeｓt earlｙiｎｔhｅｍｏrｎｉng/ ｏr late ｉn thｅａｆtｅｒｎｏｏｎ, wh ｅnｔhe windｉｓlight．／Ｏvｅｒｔｈeｙears，baｌｌooｎiｓtｓhavｅｔri ｅｄｕnsucｃesｓｆuｌly ｔo ｃｒoss ｔhe Ａtlaｎｔic./Iｔｗasn＇t untｉl1978ｔhaｔthree Amｅｒicａｎbａllooｎｉｓｔs ｓuｃcｅeｄed．/ It tｏoｋthｅm ｊust ｓix dａｙｓto make theｔrｉｐ/ｆrｏm ｔｈeｉr homｅs in the Unｉtｅd Ｓtate s to Paris, Frａnce. / Theｉｒｖoyageｃap ｔured the iｍaｇiｎａtiｏn ｏf tｈe ｗhｏl e woｒｌd. / (143wordｓ)Passaｇe 4 YoｕFound ａJob, Now How ｄo ＹoｕSavｅMoneｙ?Saｖｉng ｙour hａｒd ｅarneｄmonｅy caｎｂeｄifficult, / as mosｔｏf us enjｏy ｓpｅｎdｉnｇｒather than sａｖｉｎg，/I ｃertａinlｙhａd a touｇh ｔｉme ｈold inｇonto mｙmoney evｅry paｙdａｙ./Ｗhen Ｉgot my fiｒst fｅw ｐａycheckｓ，／rｉｇht awａy I spent the colｄ, hardｃash I’d eａｒneｄby ｈaｒd wｏｒk. /BｕｔＩｑuickly reaｌｉzeｄthaｔthiｓｓoｒt of sｐending woｕldｎ’t really h eｌp mｅgｅt tｈｅtｈings I ｗanted．／SｏI mａdｅaｐａct with myself．I ｐｒｏmｉｓe tｈat ｂeforｅＩdiｄanｙthi ng with tｈｅmoney，/I would depｏｓiｔａｔｌｅaｓt ５0% ｏｆtｈe monｅy in ｔo mｙsａving accｏunt．/Tｈat wa ｙ, I ｅliｍｉnateｄtｈe ｔeｍptａｔion to s ｐｅｎｄtｈaｔmｏnｅｙ．/Aftｅr I gｏt ｕsed ｔo sａｖiｎg ｍy m oｎey,/ ｉｔｗaｓmuｃh easieｒｆｏr ｍe notｔo beｔｅmｐted to buｙｔhiｎgｓｗheｎＩsaw them. ／When I saｗa CD or ｖｉdeo gameｔｈat lｏokｅｄapｐeａｌｉng, /Ｉleaｒｎeｄtｏa ｓk myｓelf, “Do I ｒｅａｌly need thｉs？” /Aｓｋiｎg ｔhｉs qｕeｓｔｉｏnｈeｌｐeｄmｅapprｅciate mｙｍoｎeｙａｎｄｎｏｔleｔｉt slip out oｆmｙwal let ｑｕｉte ｓo faｓt./ (173 wordｓ）Ｐａsｓaｇe5Ｏnｌiｎe Health FｏrumThｅre aｒe many aspｅctsｔo hｅalth,i ｌｌｎesｓaｎｄhealｉng.／Aｍong all ｔhe teａcｈｉnｇｓｔhere ｉs one tｈemｅthａt is uｎiｖｅrsａｌｔo tｈem aｌｌ/ aｎｄthaｔiｓthe unqｕesｔionａble bｅn ｅfiｔachｉeved bｙｃoｍmuｎiｃatｉng with others ａbout healｔh and its rｅlａted ｉsｓues.／Iｔis wｉth thｉs ｓｉｎglｅphｉｌoｓｏｐｈy inｍｉnd/ that ｗe h ave dｅveｌｏped thiｓsite aｓａforｕm fｏr cｏmｍunicaｔion．／Ｄeａｌing ｗitha medicaｌcｏncernｉｓoｆteｎdｉfficu lｔ. /Ｃoｎnecｔｉng ｗｉth others whｏａrｅｇｏinｇtｈrouｇh the sａｍe thin ｇ／ｃanｍakｅa ｗorlｄof diffｅreｎcｅ．/ Our miｓｓｉon is to ｄevｅｌｏp online cｏｍmuｎｉties to help yoｕmａke t hｏse connｅctiｏns. / Youｃａn posｔｑｕeｓtioｎｓ，cｏmｍents ａnd responｄt ｏｍesｓａges ｆroｍｏｔhers. / Wｅ’ve g ｏt ｖariouｓtｏpｉcs, ａnｄｗｅ’re aｄｄｉng more aｌl thｅtime. / If yoｕdon’ｔsee the ｔｏpｉc yoｕａre loｏｋinｇｆor, / jｕst let us know anｄwe ｗill cｏn ｓｉｄer a mｅssaｇeｂoａrd for it. ／W ｅｈｏpe you dｅｃｉdｅto bｅcｏmeａregｕlaｒpａrtｉｃipant／anｄｈｅl pｔｏmａｋe this ａgreat rｅsource. / (15８ｗｏrds)Passaｇe6ＷｏｒｄsＨｏw meｎfirst ｌeａｒｎｔo inｖｅn ｔｗords iｓuｎkｎｏwn，／in otｈeｒｗordｓ,ｔhe origin ｏｆｌanｇuａge ｉｓａmysteｒy./Ａll ｗe realｌy kｎow tｈat ｉs ｍen, unlike anｉmａls，/ ｓｏｍｅｈoｗinvｅntｅd ｃerｔａin soundｓto expｒeｓｓｔｈoughｔsａnｄｆｅelings，/ａctions ａndｔｈiｎgｓ,ｓo that theyｃａｎｃommunicaｔeｗｉth eaｃh other; /andｔｈat laｔer they agｒｅｅｄｕｐon cｅrtａｉn siｇｎｓ,ｃalｌed lｅtterｓ,／ｗｈiｃh coulｄbe ｒepresent ｔhose souｎｄｓ，aｎｄｗhiｃh coulｄｂe wｒi ttｅn dｏwｎ. ／Thoｓe soundｓ,wheｔhe ｒsｐｏｋen ｏr ｗｒitten iｎleｔｔers, wｅr caｌlｗords. / Tｈｅｐower oｆword ｓ,theｎlｉｅs in thｅｉr assocｉatiｏns, / thaｔis, ｔhｅthｉngs ｔheｙbrｉng up ｂefｏrｅour miｎds. ／Woｒdｓｂeｃo mｅfilled witｈｍeａｎｉｎｇfoｒｕs by exｐerieｎce;/ and thｅlonger ｗeｒliv ｅ, tｈｅmｏre we ｒeminｄed oｆthe ｇl ａｄａnd ｓad evｅntｓ/ ｏf our pasｔby certaｉｎｗords ｗｅrｒead aｎd learn, / the mｏｒｅｔｈｅnｕmbeｒｏf ｔhe woｒdｓ/ tｈａｔｍeanｓsｏmethinｇｔｏuｓiｎcrｅａse./ (1４9 wｏｒdｓ)Pasｓage ７Teａｃｈer－stuｄent ＲelaｔｉonsｈiｐThｅｒelatiｏnｓhｉp bｅｔween a ｔｅa ｃher aｎｄａstudeｎt caｎｂe ｅｉther ｇｏod or bad, ｈｅｌpful oｒhａrmful. ／Ｅitherｗaｙ, theｒeｌatiｏnshｉp cａｎａｆfeｃｔtｈe student fｏr the ｒesｔofｈis liｆe．/ A gｏoｄｔeacｈｅr－ｓtudｅnt ｒelaｔｉonshｉp ｗill makｅthe tｅａcher’ｓjoｂwｏｒthwhｉle．／A baｄrelａｔionｓhipｃａn discoｕｒａgｅtｈｅｓt ｕdent frｏｍlｅarnｉng ／ａnd mａkｅt ｅachiｎg an unｐleasaｎｔｔask．/Ｉｎorｄｅr to hａｖe a good teaｃher-stｕdeｎt rｅｌatｉonshiｐ, ／ｒespｅct bｅt ｗｅen ｔｅａcher and ｓtｕｄｅnｔiｓveｒy iｍｐoｒｔａnt．/ Ifｔｈe tｅaｃｈｅr ｉｓtoo stｒiｃt,he fｒightｅnsｔhe ｓｔｕdｅnt. / Ifｔhe teａcheｒｉｓｔoo ｆriｅｎdly, thｅsｔudｅnt mａｙbecｏme lazｙand sｔｏp ｌeａrniｎg hard. / The t eacｈｅr’ｓａttｉｔude and ａｐpｒoａch shｏuld be in bｅtｗｅｅn those ｔｗoｅｘｔrｅmes./Ａs fｏｒtｈeｓtｕｄｅｎt, his pｒｏpｅｒresｐect tｏｔｈｅｔｅacｈｅｒmｕｓtｂe sｈoｗn aｌl ｔhｅt ｉmｅ. / He sｈould be eａger ｔｏleａｒｎanｄwiｌｌｉnｇtｏwork hａｒd.／Iｎcoｎcｌuｓｉon， a goｏd tｅacheｒ-s ｔｕｄeｎt rｅlａtｉonsｈｉp cａn bｅben ｅfiｃial to botｈ./ Thｅstudｅｎt aｂｓorb s knowｌｅdge eａgerｌy aｎdｅnｊｏyab ｌe, / and ｔｈe tｅacｈer gaiｎｓsatisfacｔi ｏn from his work. ／（163 words)Pasｓaｇe ８NｅａrｓiｇｈｔｅｄneｓsWeａk eyesighｔｉｓａterｍtｈat is ｇeneｒallyｕｓed to rｅfeｒto neａr sightedｅｙeｓ．/ Peopｌｅwhoａre nｅa rsｉghtｅd can ｓee welｌａt a sｈort rａn ｇｅ, /bｕt anytｈｉngｖeｒｙｆａr a ｗaｙiｓｌikｅlyｔo be uｎclｅar./ T hｅteｒｍ“weａｋeｙｅｓigｈt” is ｍｉｓleadiｎg, ／for ｉn neaｒsighted ｅyｅｓtｈｅleｎs ｏf tｈｅeye ｉs aｃtuaｌly too ｓｔrｏｎg．/The ｎｅarsｉgｈtｅｄｌe ns isｓo pｏwｅｒfuｌtｈaｔit fｏcｕｓｅs thｅlight cominｇonto tｈe eｙe sｏｑuｉcklｙ．/Nｅａrsiｇhteｄnｅsｓis ｃｏｍmｏｎ, and iｔs grｏwth maｙbe grade ｄ；／oｆｔｅｎthe ｕncleａｒnｅss ｏfdｉstanｔobｊｅct ｉｓｓo sligｈt at fｉrst ／thａｔａｐerｓon may nｏt reｃogｎｉze ｔhｅｃonditｉon. /Ｎeaｒsiｇhｔedneｓs is ｆｒeｑueｎｔly dｉsｃoｖerｅdｆirsｔatｓcｈool．／I ｔｉｓｈerｅtｈａｔ a sｔｕdenｔfｉr ｓt reaｌizｅs ｔhe dｉfｆｉcultｙofｓeein ｇｗordｓｏｎｔｈe ｂlａckｂoarｄ，/ whereas otｈers in ｔｈe ｃlaｓs hａve no ｔｒouble reaｄinｇthe bｌａｃｋｂｏａｒｄat aｌl. /Ａfteｒｄiｓｃｏｖery, nｅａrｓｉgｈtedness cａｎｅaｓiｌｙbe corre cted. /Yｏu juｓt neeｄs aｐaｉｒｏf glasses／whicｈcａｎdeｃｒease the po。