大学英语四级考试真题及答案(完整版)
大学英语四级考试2024年6月真题(第一套)及答案解析
大学英语四级考试2024年6月真题(第一套)Part I Writing(30minutes) Directions:Suppose your university is seeking students'opinions on whether university libraries should be open to the public.You are now to write an essay to express your view.You will have30minutesfor the task.You should write at least120words but no more than180words.PartⅡListening Comprehension(25minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end ofeach news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will bespoken only once.Afier you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Due to a fire alarm in their apartments.B)Because of the smoke and heat damage2.A)Investigating the cause of the incident.B)Helping search for the suspect of the crime.C)Due to the water used to extinguish the flames.D)Becauseof the collapse of the three-story building.C)Rescuing the businessmen trapped in the building.D)Checking town records for the property developer.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)It plays a less important role in one's health than nutrient intake.B)It impacts people's health to a lesser degree than sun exposure.C)It is associated with people's mental health conditionsD)It is linked with older adults'symptoms ofdepression4.A)It was indefinite C)It was straightforward.B)It was systematic.D)It was insignificant. Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)It has helped solve several murder cases.B)It has become a star police dog in Beijing6.A)To speed up investigation into criminal cases.B)To test the feasibility of cloning technology.7.A)Cloning is too complicated a processB)The technology is yet to be accepted C)It has surpassed its mother in performance.D)It has done better than naturally born dogs.C)To cut down training expensesD)To reduce their training time.C)Cloning is ethically controversial.D)The technology is too expensive.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end ofeach conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will bespoken only once.After you hear a question,you1·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)He read it somewhere online.B)He heard about it from a coworker.9.A)His publications.B)His first book.10.A)Collect a lot more data.B)Relax a bit less often.11.A)Find out the show's most interesting episodesB)Watch the series together with the woman.C)He read an article reviewing it.D)He watched a TV series based on it.C)His addressD)His name.C)Clarify many new conceptsD)Read more reference books.C)Get an e-Copy of the book to read.D)Check to see when the show starts.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)To check the prices of his farm produce.B)To ask the way to the Newcastle City Hall.13.A)Bakers.B)Vendors14.A)The issuing of certificates to vendors.B)The completion of the baking task.15.A)The closing date of submission.C)To inquire about the vegetarian food festival.D)To seekthe man's help with her work on the farm.C)Vegetarians.D)OrganisersC)The festival they are organising.D)The deadline for application.C)The details of the ceremonyB)The website of his company.D)The organiser'saddressSection CDirections:In this section,you will hearthre passages.At the end ofeach passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.Afteryou hear a question,you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centreQuestions16to18are based on the passage you havejust heard.16.A)Most scenic sites have been closed.B)Access to official campsites is limited17.A)It is strongly opposed by nearby residentsB)It leads to much waste of public money18.A)Look for open land in ScotlandB)Leave no trace of their camping C)Health experts advise going outdoors.D)People have more time during the summer.C)It has caused environmental concernsD)It has created conflicts among campers.C)Avoid getting close to wilderness.D)Ask for permission from authorities.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)They outcompete mythical creatures.B)They usually mind their own business.·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·C)They truly exist in the AmazonregionD)They resemble alarmingly large snakes 220.A)Scar tissue from dolphins'fighting.B)Skin infection from water pollution.21.A)It has been shrinking at an astonishing pace.C)Unhealed wounds from snake bites.D)Swimming along in seasonal floods.B)It has been placed under international protection.C)It has been appealing to both freshwater and sea dolphinsD)It has been abandoned as a battleground for male dolphins.Questions22to25are based on the passageyou have just heard.22.A)About58%of young adults call parental support the new normal.B)Most adult children enjoy increasing sources of financial supportC)A full70%of the young adults cannot afford to buy a car by themselves.D)Most early adults cannot sustain their lifestyles without parental support23.A)It renders them dependent.C)It makes them mentally immature.B)It causes them to lose dignity.D)It hinders them from getting ahead.24.A)It challenges one's willpower C)It calls for due assistance.B)It results from education.D)It defines adulthood.25.A)Current lifestyles C)College loansB)Poor budgeting.D)Emergency expensesPartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter:Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.It's well known that physical exercise is beneficial not just to physical health but also to mental health.Yet whereas most countries have26evidence-backed guidelines on the type and intensity of exercise27for various physical health benefits,such guidelines do not yet exist for exercise and mood. This is28due to a lack of necessary evidence.However,a new systematic review brings us usefully up-to-date on the current findings in this area.Before29into some of the key take-aways,an important30made in the review is between aerobic exercise and anaerobic.The former31such things as walking,jogging and cycling and means exercising in such a way that your body is able to use oxygen to burn fat for energy.In contrast,anaerobic exercise—such as lifting heavy weights—is of such32intensity that your body does not have time to use oxygen to create energy and so instead it breaksdown glucose(葡萄糖)in your blood or muscles.Beginning first with the influence of exercise intensity on the mood benefits of aerobic exercise,the researchers,led by John Chan at Shenzhen University,found33resultsfrom19relevant studies.Some3·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·favoured higher intensity,others low,while seven studies found that intensity made no34_to mood benefits.In relation to the intensity of anaerobic exercise,however,the results were far clearer—the optimum (最佳选择)for improving mood is35intensity,perhaps because low intensity is too dull while high intensity is too unpleasantA)constitutesB)contradictoryC)decisionD)detailedE)differenceF)dippingG)distinctionH)falling I)involves J)moderate K)notified L)partlyM)required N)traditionally O)vigorousSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by markingthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Why DoAmericans Work So Much?A)How will we all keep busy when we only have to work15hours a week?That was the question that worriedthe British economist John Maynard Keynes when he wrote his short essay“Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren”in1930.Over the next century,he predicted,the economy would become so productive that people would barely need to work at all.For a while,it looked like Keynes was right.In1930the average working week was47hours in the United States.But by1970,the number of hours Americans worked on average had fallen to slightly less than39.B)But then something changed.Instead of continuing to decline,the duration of the working week remainedstable.It has stayed at just below40hours for nearly five decades.So what happened?Why are people working just as much today as in1970?C)There would be no mystery in this if Keynes had been wrong about the power of technology to increase theeconomy's productivity,which he thought would lead to a standard of living“between four and eight times as high as it is today.”But Keynes got that right:Technology has made the economy massively more productive.According to Benjamin M.Friedman,an economistat Harvard,the U.S.economy is right ontrack to reach Keynes's eight-fold(八倍)multiple by2029.That is a century after the last data Keynes wouldhave had access to.D)In a new paper,Friedman tries to figure out why that increased productivity has not translated into increasedleisure time.Perhaps people just never feel materially satisfied,always wanting more money to buy the next ·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·4new thing.This is a theory that appeals to many economists.“This argument is,at best,far from sufficient,”he writes.If that were the case,why did the duration of the working week decline in the first place?E)Another theory Friedman considers is that,in an era of ever fewer settings that provide effectiveopportunitiesfor personal connections and relationships,people may place more value on the socializing that happens at work.There is support for this theory.Many people today consider colleagues as friends.But Friedman argues that the evidence for this theory is far from conclusive.Many workers report that they would like to spend more time with family,rather than at work.Furthermore,this theory cannot explain the change in trend in the U.S.working week in the1970s.F)A third possibility proves more convincing for Friedman.That is:American inequality means that the gainsof increasing productivity are not widely shared by everyone.In other words,most Americans are too poor to work less.Unlike the other two explanations Friedman considers,this one fits chronologically(按年代).Inequality declined in America during the period following World War II,along with the duration of the working week.But since the early1970s it has risen dramatically.G)Keynes's prediction of a shorter working week rests on the idea that the standard of living would continuerising for everyone.But Friedman says that this is not what has happened.Although Keynes's eight-fold figure holds up for the economy as a whole,it is not at all the case for the median(中位数的)American worker.For them,output by2029is likely to be around3.5times what it was when Keynes was writing.This is a bit below his four-to eight-fold predicted rangeH)This can be seen in the median worker's income over this time period,complete with a shift in1973that fitsin precisely with when the working week stopped shrinking.According to Friedman,between1947and1973 the average hourly wage for normal workers(those who were not in management roles)in private industries other than agriculture nearly doubled in terms of what their money could buy.But by2013the average hourly wage for ordinary workers had fallen5percent from the1973level in terms of actual purchasing power.Thus,though American incomes may have gone up since1973,the amount that American workers can actually buy with their money has gone down.For most Americans,then,the magic of increasing productivity stopped working around1973.Thus,they had to keep working just as much in order to maintain their standard of livingI)What Keynes predicted was a very optimistic version of what economists call technological unemployment.This is the idea that less labor will be necessary because machines can do somuch.In Keynes's vision,the resulting unemployment would be distributed more or less evenly across society in the form of increased leisure.But Friedman says that,for Americans,reality is much darker.Americans now have a labor market in which millions of people—those with fewer skills and less education—are seeking whatever poorly paid work they can get.This is confirmed by a recent poll that found that,for half of hourly workers,their top concern is not that they work too much but that they work too little.This is most likely not because they like their jobs so much.Rather,we can assume it is because they need the money.J)This explanation leaves an important question.If the very rich—the workers who have reaped above-average gains from the increased productivity since Keynes's time—can afford to work less,why do they continue to work so much?(Indeed,research has shown that the highest earners in America tend to work the most.)5·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·Friedman believes that for many top earners,work is a labor of love.They are doing work they care about and are interested in,and doing more of it is not necessarily a burden.For them,it may even be a pleasure.These top earners derive meaning from their jobs and work is an important part of how they think of themselves.And,of course,they are compensated for it at a level that makes it worth their while.K)Friedman concludes that the prosperity(繁荣)Keynes predicted is here.After all,the economy as a whole has grown even more brilliantly than he expected.But for most Americans,that prosperity is nowhere to be seen.And,as a result,neither are those shorter working weeks.36.Some people view socializing at the workplace as a chance to develop personal relationships.37.As ordinary American workers'average hourly pay had decreased despite increasing productivity,they had towork just as manyhours as before to keep their living standards.38.American workers'average weekly workingtime has not changed for nearly half a century.39.Friedman believes inequality in the rgely explains why increasing productivity has not resulted inreduced working hours.40.Many economists assume people's thirst for material things has prevented them from enjoying more leisuretime.41.An economist'sprediction about a shorter average working week seemed to be correct for a time in the20thcentury.42.In the bor market,the primary concern of people with less schooling and fewer skills is to secure anyemployment even if it is low-paid.43.Keynes was right in predicting that technology would make the economy much more productive.44.Many of the highest earners have a keen interest in and love for what they are doing45.According to Keynes,there would be a shorter working week with everyone's standard of living continuingtorise.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Eachpassage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Lao Zi once said,“Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner.”People-pleasing,or seeking self-worth through others'approval,is unproductive and an exhausting way to go through life.Why do we allow what others think of us to have so much power over how we feel about ourselves?If it's true that you can't please all people all of the time,wouldn't it make sense to stop trying?Unfortunately,sense often isn't driving our behavior.For social beings who desire love and belonging, wanting to be liked,and caring about the effect we have on others,is healthy and allows us to make connections.·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·6However,where we get into trouble is when our self-worth is dependent upon whether we win someone's approval or not.This need to be liked can be traced back to when we were children and werecompletely dependent on others to take care of us:Small children are not just learning how to walk and communicate,they are alsotrying to learn how the world works.We learn about who we are and what is expected of us based on interactions with others so,to a four-year-old,if Mommy or Daddy doesn't like him or her,there is the danger that they will abandon them.We need to understand that when we desperately want someone to approveof us,it's being driven by that little kid part of us that is still terrified of abandonment.As you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you seek,your need for external validation will start to vanish,leaving you stronger,more confident,and yes,happier in your life.Imagine how much time we lose each moment we restrainour authentic selves in an effort to be liked.If we base our worth on the opinions of others,we cheat ourselves of the power to shape our experiences and embrace life not only for others but also for ourselves,becauseultimately,there is no difference.So embrace the cliché(老话)and loveyourself as it's highly doubtful that you'll regret it.46.What can we conclude from Lao Zi's quotation?A)We should seethrough otherpeople's attempt to make a prisonerof us.B)We can never really please other people even if we try as hard as we can.C)We can never be truly free if taking to heart others'opinion of us.D)We should care about other people's view as much as they care about our own.47.What will happen if we base our self-worth on other people's approval?A)Our desire to be loved will be fulfilled.C)Our identity as social beings will be affected.B)Our life will be unfruitful and exhausting D)Our sense of self will be sharpened and enhanced.48.What may account for our need to be liked or approved of?A)Our desperate longing for interactions with others.C)Our knowledge about the pain of abandonment.B)Our understanding of the workings of the world.D)Our early childhood fear of being deserted.49.What can we do when we become better able to provide ourselves with the desired approval?A)Enjoy a happier life.C)Receive more external validation.B)Exercise self-restraint.D)Strengthen our power of imagination.50.What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph?A)Embrace life for ourselves and for others.C)See our experiencesas assets.B)Base our worth on others'opinions.D)Love ourselves as we arePassage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.Some people have said aging is more a slide into forgetfulness than a journey towards wisdom.However,a growing body of research suggests that late-in-life learning is possible.In reality,education does an aging brain good.7·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·Throughout life,people's brains constantly renovate themselves.In the late1960s,British brain scientist Geoffrey Raisman spied growth in damaged brain regions ofrats through an electron microscope; their brains were forging new connections.This meant brains may change every time a person learns something new.Of course,that doesn't mean the brain isn't affected by the effects of time.Just as height usually declines over the years,so does brain volume:Humans lose about4percent every decade starting in their40s.But that reduction doesn't necessarily make people think slower;as long as we are alive and functioning,we can alter our brains with new information and experiences.In fact,scientists now suspect accumulating novel experiences,facts,and skills can keep people's minds more flexible.New pathways can strengthen our ever-changing mental structure,even as the brain shrinks.Conventional fixes like word puzzles and brain-training apps can contribute to mental durability.Even something as simple as taking a different route to the grocery store or going somewhere new on vacation can keep the brain healthy.A desire for new life challenges can further boost brainpower.Research about aging adults who take on new enterprises shows improved function and memory as well as a reduced risk of mental disease.Openness—a characteristic defined by curiosity and a desire for knowledge—may also help folks pass brain tests.Some folks are born with this take-in-the-world atitude,but those who aren't as genetically gifted aren't necessarily out of luck.While genes can encourage an interest in doing new things,a2012study in the journal Psychology and Aging found completing reasoning tasks like puzzles and number games can enhance that desire for novel experiences,which can,in turn,refresh the brain.That's why brain scientist Richard Kennedy says“It's not that old dogs can't learn new tricks.It's that maybe old dogs don't realize why they should.”51.What do some people think of aging adults?A)Their wisdom grows as time goes by.C)They can benefit from late-in-life learning.B)Their memory gradually deteriorates D)They are likely to have mental health issues.52.What can we conclude from Geoffrey Raisman's finding?A)Brain damage seriously hinders one'slearning.C)Brains can refresh and improve with learning.B)Brain power weakens slower than we imagine D)Brains forge connections under new conditions53.What is one thing that helps maintain the health of our brain even as it shrinks?A)Doing daily routines by conventional means.C)Imitating old dogs'way of learning new tricksB)Avoiding worrying about our mental durability.D)Approaching everyday tasks in novel ways.54.What does the author say can contribute to the improvement of brain function?A)Being curious and desiring knowledge.C)Rising to life's challenges and avoiding risks.B)Being eager to pass brain tests at an old age.D)Boosting immunity to serious mental diseases55.What is the finding of the2012study in the journal Psychology and Aging?A)Wishing to solve puzzles enhances one's reasoning power.B)Playingnumber games unexpectedly stimulates one's memory.·2024年6月四级真题(第一套)·8C)Desiring new experiences can help to renovate thebrain.D)Learning new tricks shouldnot beconfined to old dogs only.Part IV Translation(30minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on AnswerSheet2.四合院(siheyuan)是中国一种传统的住宅建筑，其特点是房屋建造在一个院子的四周，将院子合围在中间。
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(三套全)
2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第一套）Part I Writing （25 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy on how to besthandle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension （25 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather.B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother.2. A) By taking pictures for passers-by. C) By selling lemonade and pictures.B) By working part time at a hospital. D) By asking for help on social media.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction.B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles.C) Providing clean energy to five million people.D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel.4. A) They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements.B) They can be laid right on top of existing highways.C) They are only about half an inch thick.D) They are made from cheap materials.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research.B) The hazards from the desert. D) The lack of clues about the species.6. A) To observe the wildlife in the two national parks.B) To identify the reasons for the lions’ disappearance.C) To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia.D) To find evidence of the existence of the “lost lions”.7. A) Lions walking. C) Some camping facilities.B) Lions’ tracks. D) Traps set by local hunters.Section BDirections：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Her ‘lucky birthday’. C) Her wedding anniversary.B) A call from her dad. D) A special gift from the man.9. A) Gave her a big model plane. C) Took her on a trip overseas.B) Bought her a good necklace. D) Threw her a surprise party.10. A) The gift her husband has bought.B) The trip her husband has planned.C) What has been troubling her husband.D) What her husband and the man are up to.11. A) He will be glad to be a guide for the couple’s holiday trip.B) He will tell the women the secret if her husband agrees.C) He is eager to learn how the couple’s holiday turns out.D) He wants to find out about the couple’s holiday plan.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation.B) They see the importance of making compromises.C) They know when to adopt a tough attitude.D) They take the rival’s attitude into account.13. A) They know how to adapt. C) They know when to make compromises.B) They know when to stop. D) They know how to control their emotion.14. A) They are patient. C) They learn quickly.B) They are good at expression. D) They uphold their principles.15. A) Make clear one's intentions. C) Formulate one's strategy.B) Clarify items of negotiation. D) Get to know the other side.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) When America's earliest space program started.B) When the International Space Station was built.C) How many space shuttle missions there will be.D) How space research benefits people on Earth.17. A) They accurately calculated the speed of the orbiting shuttles.B) They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space.C) They tried to meet astronauts' specific requirements.D) They tried to make best use of the latest technology.18. A) They are extremely accurate. C) They were first made in space.B) They are expensive to make. D) They were invented in the 1970s.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) It was when her ancestors came to America.B) People had plenty of land to cultivate then.C) It marked the beginning of something new.D) Everything was natural and genuine then.20. A) They believed in working for goals. C) They had all kinds of entertainment.B) They enjoyed living a living a life of ease. D) They were known to be creative.21. A) Chatting with her ancestors. C) Polishing all the silver work.B) Furnishing her country house. D) Doing needlework by the fire.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Use a map to identify your location. C) Sit down and try to calm yourself.B) Call your family or friends for help. D) Try to follow your footprints back.23. A) You may find a way out without your knowing it.B) You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers.C) You may get drowned in a sudden flood.D) You may end up entering a wonderland.24. A) Look for food. C) Start a fire.B) Wait patiently. D) Walk uphill.25. A) Inform somebody of your plan. C) Check the local weather.B) Prepare enough food and drink. D) Find a map and a compass.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but these creatures have some 26 skills that could help the treatment of human diseases.Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 27 , but they are just the latest in a long line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despite having a brain no bigger than the 28 of your index finger, pigeons have a very impressive 29__ memory. Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as accurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in images.Rats are often 30 with spreading disease rather than 31 it, but this long-tailed animal is highly 32 . Inside a rat's nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory receptors （嗅觉感受器）, whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect __33 smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect TB（肺结核）. When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to 34 a sample is infected.Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days to 35 , but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection method doesn't rely on specialist equipment. It is also more accurate — the rats are able to find more TB infections and, therefore, save more lives.A) associated I) slightB) examine J) specifyC) indicate K) superiorD) nuisance L) suspiciousE) peak M) tipF) preventing N) treatedG) prohibiting O) visualH) sensitiveSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Do In-Class Exams Make Students Study Harder?Research suggests they may study more broadly for the unexpected rather than search for answers.[A] I have always been a poor test-taker. So it may seem rather strange that I have returned to college to finish the degree I left undone some four decades ago. I am making my way through Columbia University, surrounded by students who quickly supply the verbal answer while I am still processing the question.[B] Since there is no way for me to avoid exams, I am currently questioning what kind are the most taxing and ultimately beneficial. I have already sweated through numerous in-class midterms and finals, and now I have a professor who issuestake-home ones. I was excited when I learned this, figuring I had a full week to do the research, read the texts, and write it all up. In fact, I was still rewriting my midterm the morning it was due. To say I had lost the thread is putting it mildly.[C] As I was suffering through my week of anxiety, overthinking the material and guessing my grasp of it, I did some of my own polling among students and professors. David Eisenbach, who teaches a popular class on U.S. presidents at Columbia, prefers the in-class variety. He believes students ultimately learn more and encourages them to form study groups. “That way they socialize over history outside the class, which wouldn’t happen without the pressure of an in-class exam,” he explained,“Furthermore, in-class exams force students to learn how to perform under pressure, and essential work skill.”[D] He also says there is less chance of cheating with the in-class variety. In 2012, 125 students at Harvard were caught up in a scandal when it was discovered they had cheated on a take-home exam for a class entitled “Introduction To Congress.”Some colleges have what they call an “honor code,” though if you are smart enough to get into these schools, you are either smart enough to get around any codes or hopefully, too ethical to consider doing so. As I sat blocked and clueless for two solid days, I momentarily wondered if I couldn’t just call an expert on the subject matter which I was tackling, or someone who took the class previously, to get me going.[E] Following the Harvard scandal, Mary Miller, the former dean of students at Yale, made an impassioned appeal to her school’s professors to refrain fromtake-hone exams. “Students risk health and well being, as well as performance in other end-of-term work, when faculty offers take-home exams without clear,time-limited boundaries,” she told me. “Research now shows that regular quizzes, short essays, and other assignments over the course of a term better enhance learning and retention.”[F] Most college professors agree the kind of exam they choose largely depends on the subject. A quantitative-based one, for example, is unlikely to be sent home, where one could ask their older brothers and sisters to help. Vocational-type classes, such as computer science or journalism, on the other hand, are often more research-oriented and lend themselves to take-home testing. Chris Koch, who teaches “History of Broadcast Journalism” at Montgomery Community College in Rockville, Maryland, points out that reporting is about investigation rather than the memorization of minute details. “In my field, it’s not what you know—it’s what you know how to find out,” says Koch. “There is way too much information, and more coming all the time, for anyone to remember. I want my students to search out the answers to questions by using all the resources available to them.[G] Students’ test-form preferences vary, too, often depending on the subject and course difficulty. “I prefer take-home essays because it is then really about the writing, so you have time to edit and do more research,” says Elizabeth Dresser, a junior at Barnard. Then there is the stress factor. Francesca Haass, a senior at Middlebury, says, “I find the in-class ones are more stressful in the short term, butthere is immediate relief as you swallow information like mad, and then you get to forget it all. Take-homes require thoughtful engagement which can lead to longer term stress as there is never a moment when the time is up.” Meanwhile, Olivia Rubin, a sophomore at Emory, says she hardly even considers take-homes true exams. “If you understand the material and have the ability to articulate (说出) your thoughts, they should be a breeze.”[H] How students ultimately handle stress may depend on their personaltest-taking abilities. There are people who always wait until the last minute, and make it much harder than it needs to be. And then there those who, not knowing what questions are coming at them, and having no resources to refer to, can freeze. And then there are we rare folks who fit both those descriptions.[I] Yes, my advanced age must factor into the equation (等式), in part because of my inability toaccess the information as quickly. As another returning student at Columbia, Kate Marber, toldme, “We are learning not only all this information, but essentially how to learn again. Ourfellow students have just come out of high school. A lot has changed since we were last inschool.”[J] If nothing else, the situation has given my college son and me something to share, When Iasked his opinion on this matter, he responded, “I like in-class exams because the time isalready reserved, as opposed to using my free time at home to work on a test,”he responded.It seems to me that a compromise would be receiving the exam questions a day or two inadvance, and then doing the actual test in class the ticking clock overhead.[K] Better yet, how about what one Hunter College professor reportedly did recently for her finalexam: She encouraged the class not to stress or even study, promising that, “It is going to be apiece of cake.” When the students came in, sharpened pencils in hand, there was not a bluebook in sight. Rather, they saw a large chocolate cake and they each were givena slice.36. Elderly students find it hard to keep up with the rapid changes in education.37. Some believe take-home exams may affect students' performance in other courses.38. Certain professors believe in-class exams are ultimately more helpful to students.39. In-class exams are believed to discourage cheating in exams.40. The author was happy to learn she could do some exams at home.41. Students who put off their work until the last moment often find the exams more difficult thanthey actually are.42. Different students may prefer different types of exams.43. Most professors agree whether to give an in-class or a take-home exam depends on type ofcourse being taught.44. The author dropped out of college some forty years ago.45. Some students think take-home exams will eat up their free time.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the “first-night” effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect.Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it whenperformance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did.Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.46. What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect?A) To what extent it can trouble people. C) What circumstances may trigger it.B) What role it has played in evolution. D) In what way it can be beneficial.47. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research?A) She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.B) She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.C) She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphinsD) She conducted studies on birds’ and dolphins’ sleeping patterns.48. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?A) She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.B) She recruited 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences.C) She studied the differences between the two sides of participants’ brains.D) She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects.49. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?A) She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.B) She recorded participants’ adaptation to changed environment.C) She exposed her participants to two different stimuli.D) She compared the responses of different participants.50. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?A) They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.B) They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a threat.C) They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.D) They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.It’s time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work. Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life. It will only slow you down and hinder your career goals.Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling “very tired” or “exhausted”, according to a recent study.This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have children. It's also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home. One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying "no." Women want to be able todo it all volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals-and so their answer to any request is often “Yes, I can.”Women struggle to say “no” in the workplace for similar reasons, including the desire to be liked by their colleagues. Unfortunately, this inability to say "no" may be hurting women's heath as well as their career.At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they don't want to be viewed as aggressive or disruptive at work. For example, there’s a problem that needs to be addressed immediately, resulting in a dispute over should be the one to fix it. Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefitsthem most, whereas women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what's the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem-evenif that means doing the boring work themselves.This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a leadership position and who does not. Leaders have to be able to delegate and manage resources wisely – including staff expertise. Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, it may highlight your inability to delegate effectively.51. What does the author say is the problem with women?A) They are often unclear about the career goals to reach.B) They are usually more committed at home than on the job.C) They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go.D) They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.52. Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy?A) They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home.B) They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a result.C) They do their best to cooperate with their workmates.D) They are obliged to take up too many responsibilities.53. What may hinder the future prospects of career women?A) Their unwillingness to say “no”.B) Their desire to be considered powerful.C) An underestimate of their own ability.D) A lack of courage to face challenges.54. Men and woman differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that______.A) women tend to be easily satisfiedB) men are generally more persuasiveC) men tend to put their personal interests firstD) women are much more ready to compromise55. What is important to a good leader?A) A dominant personality. C) The courage to admit failureB) The ability to delegate. D) A strong sense of responsibility.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.华山位于华阴市，据西安120公里。
2023年12月大学英语四级真题试卷及答案(三套全)
2023年12月大学英语四级真题试卷及答案(三套全) 一、听力理解第一套第一节(共5小题)1. What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Turn the television off.B. Turn the volume down.C. Turn the radio on.Answer: B2. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At the post office.B. At the bank.C. At the hotel.Answer: C3. What does the man imply about the woman?A. She hasn’t been to New York City.B. She needs to find a new job.C. She travels a lot for work.Answer: A4. How long has the man been waiting?A. For an hour.B. For half an hour.C. For ten minutes.Answer: B5. What is the woman doing?A. She is looking for her keys.B. She is waiting for someone to arrive.C. She is talking on the phone.Answer: C第二节(共5小题)6. What is the woman asking the man to do?A. Fix her computer.B. Help her find a job.C. Visit her tomorrow.Answer: A7. What does the man offer to do next?A. Take the woman to the restaurant.B. Prepare dinner for the woman.C. Look for a restaurant on the Internet.Answer: C8. What does the man say abo ut the woman’s computer?A. It can’t be fixed.B. It needs a software update.C. It needs a new battery.Answer: B9. What does the woman suggest doing after dinner?A. Go for a walk.B. Watch a movie at home.C. Go to a movie theater.Answer: B10. How do es the woman feel about the man’s suggestion?A. Excited.B. Indifferent.C. Annoyed.Answer: A二、阅读理解第一套An important part of a child’s development is the acquisition of social skills. Social skills help children to interact effectively with others and build healthy relationships. These skills are vital for success in school, work, and life in general.One of the best ways to help children develop social skills is through play. Play allows children to practice andmaster social, emotional, and cognitive skills in a relaxed and enjoyableenvironment. Through play, children learn valuable skills such as cooperation, sharing, problem-solving, and communication.There are different types of play that help in the development of social skills. Cooperative play is when children play and work together towards a common goal. This type of play helps children to learn teamwork and collaboration. Pretend play, on the other hand, allows children to develop empathy and understanding of others’ perspectives. They learn to take on different roles and pretend to be someone else, which helps in developing their social and emotional intelligence. Board games and group activities also promote social interaction and help children learn important skills such as taking turns, following rules, and resolving conflicts in a fair manner.Parents and educators play a crucial role in promoting social skills development. They can create opportunities for play and provide guidance and support. It is important for parents to encourage their children to engage in various types of play and provide them with age-appropriate toys and games. Educators can incorporate play-based learning activities in the classroom to foster social skills development.In conclusion, play is a valuable tool for social skills development. It allows children to practice and master important skills while having fun. Parents and educators should recognize the importance of play and provide opportunities and support for children to engage in different types of play.第二套The concept of time management is essential in today’s fast-paced world. Effective time management helps individuals to prioritize tasks, handle multiple responsibilities, and increase productivity. It allows individuals to make the most out of their time and achieve their goals efficiently.Here are some tips for effective time management:1.Set goals: Identify your long-term and short-termgoals. Break them down into smaller, manageable tasks.This will help you stay focused and motivated.2.Prioritize tasks: Determine which tasks are mostimportant and urgent. Focus on completing these tasks first.3.Create a schedule: Use a planner or online calendarto schedule your tasks and activities. Set deadlines for each task to stay organized and keep track of your progress.4.Avoid multitasking: Multitasking may seem like atime-saving technique, but it can actually decreaseproductivity. Focus on one task at a time and give it yourfull attention.5.Delegate tasks: If possible, delegate tasks to others.This will free up your time and allow you to focus on more important tasks.6.Take breaks: Schedule regular breaks to rest andrecharge. This will help you maintain focus and preventburnout.7.Avoid procrastination: Procrastination can lead tounnecessary stress and missed deadlines. Break tasks into smaller, manageable parts and tackle them one at a time.8.Learn to say no: Don’t overcommit yourself. Learn tosay no to tasks that are not essential or do not align withyour goals.e technology: Take advantage of technology toolssuch as productivity apps and time tracking apps. Thesecan help you stay organized and manage your time moreeffectively.10.Review and adjust: Regularly review your scheduleand tasks. Adjust as needed to accommodate unexpectedevents or changes in priorities.By implementing these tips, you can improve your time management skills and achieve greater success in your personal and professional life.第三套The importance of physical exercise cannot be overstated. Regular exercise has numerous health benefits and plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy lifestyle.Physical exercise helps to strengthen the cardiovascular system, improve lung function, and increase muscle strength and endurance. It also promotes weight loss and helps to maintain a healthy body weight. Regular exercise reduces the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, andcertain types of cancer. It can also improve mental health by reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety.In addition to the physical benefits, exercise is also important for cognitive function. Studies have shown that regular exercise improves memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. It can also enhance creativity and productivity.Exercise is not only beneficial for adults but also for children and adolescents. Regular physical activity in childhood and adolescence helps to develop healthy bones, muscles, and joints. It improves coordination and balance, and reduces the risk of childhood obesity. It also has a positive impact on academic performance, including improved concentration and focus.There are many different forms of exercise that individuals can choose from, including aerobic exercise, strength training, flexibility exercises, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). It is important to find a form of exercise that you enjoy and can incorporate into your daily routine.In conclusion, regular physical exercise is essential for overall health and well-being. It has numerous physical and mental health benefits and should be a priority for individuals of all ages. Make exercise a part of your daily routine and reap the rewards of a healthy and active lifestyle.三、写作题目及答案第一套写作题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:。
2022年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(第一套)
2022年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(第一套)一、四级作文部分：WritingDirections: Suppose you are writing a proposal to your school library about improving it' s services, you are writing about its current problems and solutions.Dear Sir or Madam,I hope you are doing great! I am Li Ming, one of the sophomore students in our university. Following my recent experience of using our school library, I have decided to send you some feed-back. In the first place, the librarians there are not very friend-ly and helpful as they often fail to tell us where to find the book we want, and moreover get impatient easily. What’s more, the books available in the library are too old to catch up with the latest development of related disciplines. Finally, the reading rooms are not bright enough as some of the lights have gone dark. All these have brought great inconvenience to us students, which leaves me with no choice but to write you this letter.From my perspective, it would be wise for you to offer all the librarians a training course to familiarize them with the layout of the library and the classifications of the books. If possible, I sincerely hope that you consider the possibility of renewing some of the books and maintaining the facilities properly.Thank you for your time and consideration. Look forward to your favorable reply.Warm regards,Li Ming二、四级听力部分：四级听力原文：Section ANews Report 1原文：[1] A new study finds that beverages containing add ed sugar might be harmfuL In the study, researchers a nalyzed information from over eighty thousand wome n and thirty seven thousand men. Participants worked in the health profession. They were followed for appro ximately three decades. They completed surveys abou t their diet every four years. They also answered to qu estions about sleep and exercise and health every two years.[1-2] The more beverages contsininq added sug ar that peoole drink, the greater their risk of death wa s during the study period. These beverages included s oda, energy drinks, and sports drinks. Beverages like p ure fruit juice, which are sweet but do not contain add ed sugar were not part of the study. The findings held even afterthe researchers considered other factors th at could affect people's health. These factors included lack of exercise and not eating enough vegetables. Th ey also included consuming too much meat. The scien tists say that their results support limiting beverages with added sugar. [2] They argse we should replace t hem with other drinks, with water being the best choi ce. However, the researchers admit this is simply their recommendation. The study found only an associatio n. It did not prove that drinks with added sugar cause d early death.Q1. What do we learn about the new study from the n ews report?答案：Q2. What is the scientists' recommendation?答案：News Report 2原文：German police appealed Friday for information about the possible owners of two 17th-century oil paintings. [3] Pol ice said a 64-year-old man found the paintings in a garb age pile at a highwav rest stop las§ryonth, He later hand ed them in to the Cologne police. [4]_An initial assessme nt by an art expert concluded the two framed paintings were originals, police said. One is a landscape painted by the Italian artist Pietro Belloti, elating to 1665. The other i s a paintingof a boy by the 17th-century Dutch artist Sa muel van Floogstraten, date unknown. Tneir combined w qrth is estimated to be around one million euros. Authori ties have not yet confirmed what will happen if the rightf ul owner is not found. Nevertheless, it is speculated that they could either be handed over to the National Art Mus eum of Cologne or sold to the public by the local govern merit.Q3. What did German police say about a 64-year-old man?答案：Q4. What is the art expert's conclusion about the two framed paintings?答案：News Report 3原文：[5] A four-year-old girl has walked eight kilometres thr ouqh a snowy forest to seek help for her sick qrandmo ther who later died of a heart attack. The young girl br aved the threats of bears, wolves and temperatures fa r below freezing. She made the journey through a rem ote region in Siberia after waking up to find her grand mother motionless. Named locally as Carla, she lives a lone with her elderly grandmother and her blind grand father. [6】As a result the girl's mother is facing a cri minal case. She stands accused of leaving a minor in danger, in the care of the elderly. She also faces inves tigation from childcare services, who will also beaskin g why Cola was left alone with her vulnerable relative 金The journey took place in February, when temperat ures average -26°C, Russian reports on social media s uggest the forest may have been as cold as -34°C. Th e journey was only recently confirmed by authorities.[7 But though she was suffering from the effects of e xtreme cold, the child reportedly suffered no life-threa tening effects. Last year, a three-year-old boy survive d alone for three days in a remote forest in the same region.Q5. What did a four-year old girl attempt to do?答案：Q6. What do we learn from the news report about the girFs mother?答案：Q7. What happened to the little girl according the news report?M:Hi,Jennifer. I am really struggling with this se nester's workload.Do you have any advice?W:[12] Have you considered making a studyguid ? It's a tool you can make yourself to take the stre S out of studying:I've been using one since the sta t of last semester, and it has really helped relieve A lot of study pressure.M:Sounds like just what I need.[13]My mainprob em is that my study folder is full of notes and wor sheets,and is badly disorganized.Idon't know w lere tO start.W: OK, well,the main thing is to have everything i the right place. Whatever you're reviewing, it's i nportant that it's arranged for your particular nee ils of that subject, and in the most user-friendly wa r you can. What kind of learner are you?M: Um. I'm not sure.W: Well, visual learners prefer using images, pictu es, colors,and maps to organize information. Logi al learners have a linear mind and would ratherand systems. [14] I'm an emotional learner, which means I need to connect to inf rmation emotionally to understand it.M:Oh, Im very much dependent on vision as a wa of taking in information.W:Well, 15]Isuggest reorganizing_your notes usi 1lg color-coded sections in your study guides, or usi 1g idea mapping to lay out the information and m ke it more quickly accessible.M:So you thinkIshould arrange my notes using c lor and pictures in place of text.W: Yes.You'll probably start to grasp information a ot quicker that way.As an emotional learner, I org inize my notes into a story that I can connect to an recite to myself.M: That's amazing. I didn't know there were so many different ways to learn.Q12. What does the woman advise the man do?答案∶Q13.What is the biggest problem the man has with his s tudies?答案∶Section CPassage 1原文：Q16：答案：Q17:答案：Q18.答案：Passage 2原文：[19] Today many large corporations stress the importanc e of diversity on their websites, but current statistics sho w that the topical manager in America still tends to be w hite and male. Obviously, the desire to bring about diver sity hasnot translated into corporate reality. Why is thi s? [20] A team of「esearchers from the university of Basi I published their new sfudy about people's atiTEiides tow ards diversity at work. [21J They found that people have a wide range of opinions ccncerrirg diversity On the on e hand, many see value in diversity, which can contribut e a variety ot perspectives, encourage new ideas, and ge nerate innovative solutions. On the other hand, they assu me that it might be difficult to work with someone who h as completely different views, speaks a different languag e or has a different style of work. The actual value they a ttribute to diversity depends on the decision-making per spective. Doubts about the practicability of diversity nav e a greater weight. If a person is directly affected, in oth er words, when a persons own work group is involved, t hey tend to prefer team members who are similar to the mselves. But when people make decisions for others, the y typically put together a more diverse team. These findi ngs could help organizations become more diverse. Com panies need to pay attention to who makes hiring and te am decisions. These decisions should not only be made by those directly affected. People who are not directly in volved in the group s daily work should also take part.Q19. What do we learn from the current statistics about diversity in large corporations?答案：Q20. What is the newly published study focused on?答案：Q21. What do the findings of the new study show?答案:四级听力答案：1.A.It ran for as long as some thirty years.2.D.Drinking water instead of beverages with added sugar.3.B.He found two 17th-century oil paintings.4.A.They are originals.5.D.Save her sick grandmother.6.C.She has to face a criminal charge7.A.She suffered from the effects of severe cold.8.B.She comes from the city of Cape Town.9.A.It has a flat surface at the top.10. C.She has British ancestors.11.D.It is more popular than football.12. C.Prepare a study guide.13.B.His study folder is badly disorganized.14. D.An emotional learner.15. C.Arrange them using color and pictures.16.B.It is a moral principle to guide people's behavior.17.A.It may sometimes produce undesirable outcomes.18.A.The golden rule must sometimes give way to more im-portant principles.19.C.They have not seen as much diversity as desired.20.B.People's attitudes towards diversity at the workplace.21.D.People prefer to work with team members similar to themselves.22.D.Changing one's form of communication from time to time.23.A.They are regarded as seriously binding.24.D.It places a high value on written contracts.25. C. Its terms may not be strictly binding.三、四级阅读部分：1.选词填空26 C chew27.G dental28. F defense29. O underneath30. E continue31.A adult32. L replace33.D contains34. N triggered35.B associated2.段落匹配36.G Clues about the culture ofa company can be found on its website.37.D It can be difficult to know the real situation in a company until you become part of it38.M It is impossible for a job applicant to have every expectation met.39.A Simply by reading its descriptionthe author found the job offered ideal.40.F Job applicants are advised to make a written list of their likes and dislikes in their previous employment.41.K F At the end of an interview,a job applicant should seize the opportunity to get answers to their urgent questions. 42.E To begin with, job applicants should be clear what they expect from their future employer43.I Job applicants should read with a critical eye what is written about a company on the website.44.C Job satisfaction has a lot to do with company culture. 45.J A chat with an insider of a company can give job applicants very useful information when they prepare for an interview3.仔细阅读46-50B) They are unmotivated to learn.A) They are made convenient to mark.D) They provide lttle chance for students to build relationships with each otherC) Some students may have difficulty attending them.D) Cultivation ofanalytical thinking abilityot51-55A) Help the public to better understand science.B) It might breed public distrust in modern medicine.C) Debates about science are accessible to the public anywayB) Embrace it with open arms.C) It is a dynamic and self-improving process.四、四级翻译部分：从前有个农夫嫌他种的禾苗长得慢，就到地里把禾苗一株株地拔高了一点。
2020年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a shortessay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should writeat least 120 words following the outline given bellow:1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？2. 也会带来一些问题3. 你的看法？Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go overthe passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. Forquestions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the informationgiven in the passage.How Do You See Diversity?As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for someof the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed thatthe candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhatdisappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but thefact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so shedecided to offer the job to her second choice.“It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized theperson we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. Whatshe hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s“different”behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-Americanraised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown byaverting(避开) your eyes.“I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it wascultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss thatopportunity again.”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive asdifferent. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse,it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and toreexamine some of our false assumptions .Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming moredifficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from theprocess have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helpsorganizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estaterecruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference suchtraining can make .“During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops onsu pervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender.“I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce.“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .“He pati ently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on theChinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuminghe had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions ,and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture toculture .“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I couldlearn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees ,rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,” Dougadmits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learninghow to be more ‘inclusive’ to differences.A better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizationsinternally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customerservice representative show how an inclusive attitude can improvesales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . Oneof the best things my company has done is to contract with a languageservice that offers translations over the phone . It wasn’t until my bossreceived Mindsets’ training that she was able to understand how importantinclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base hasincreased .”Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard thestereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone .Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differencesand similarities . It is about building better communities andorganizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our sharedhumanity .When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think wehave learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends ,etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selvesto think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opensdoors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations andcommunities that benefit everyone.1. What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?A) He just wouldn’t look her in the eye.B) He was slow in answering her questions.C) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.D) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.2. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from _____.A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalizationaccording to the author?A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.D) Expanding domestic and international markets.4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that _____.A) He had hired the wrong person.B) He could have done more for his company.C) He had not managed his workforce well.D) He must get rid of his gender bias.6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.C) It helped him make fair decisions.D) It met participants’ di verse needs.7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee’srequest for leave?A) He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it downB) He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.8. Doug felt _____ when he realized that his assumption was wrong.9. After attending Mindsets’ workshops, the participants came to knowthe importance of _____ to their business.10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , wecan achieve diversity and benefit from the _____ between us.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 Minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questionswill be asked about what was said .Both the conversation and the questionswill be spoken only once .After each question there will be a pause .During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) She expected more people at her party.B) She enjoys entertaining small children .C) She threw a surprise party for her friendD) She has always enjoyed great popularity.12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place.B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.C) They are going to have a holiday.D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.13. A) He was pleased to get the medal. C) He used to be a firefighter.(B) He was very courageous. D) He was accused of causing a fire.14。
大学英语四级考试真题及答案（完整版）
⼤学英语四级考试真题及答案（完整版）⼤学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a shortessay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should writeat least 120 words following the outline given bellow:1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的⽬的是什么？2. 也会带来⼀些问题3. 你的看法？Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go overthe passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. Forquestions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the informationgiven in the passage.How Do You See Diversity?As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for someof the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed thatthe candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhatdisappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but thefact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so shedecided to offer the job to her second choice.“It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized theperson we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. Whatshe hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s“different”behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-Americanraised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown byaverting(避开) your eyes.“I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it wascultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss thatopportunity again.”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive asdifferent. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse,it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and toreexamine some of our false assumptions .Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming moredifficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from theprocess have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helpsorganizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estaterecruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference suchtraining can make .“During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops onsu pervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender.“I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce.“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .“He pati ently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on theChinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuminghe had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions ,and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture toculture .“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I couldlearn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees ,rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,” Dougadmits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learninghow to be more ‘inclusive’ to differences.A better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizationsinternally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customer service representative show how an inclusive attitude can improvesales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . Oneof the best things my company has done is to contract with a language service that offers translations over the phone . It wasn’t until my boss received Mindsets’ training that she was able to understand how important inclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base has increased .”Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard thestereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone . Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differences and similarities . It is about building better communities and organizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our shared humanity .When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think we have learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends ,etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selvesto think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opensdoors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone.1. What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?A) He just wouldn’t look her in the eye.B) He was slow in answering her questions.C) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.D) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.2. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from _____.A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalization according to the author?A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.D) Expanding domestic and international markets.4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that _____.A) He had hired the wrong person.B) He could have done more for his company.C) He had not managed his workforce well.D) He must get rid of his gender bias.6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.C) It helped him make fair decisions.D) It met participants’ di verse needs.7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee’s request for leave?A) He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it downB) He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.8. Doug felt _____ when he realized that his assumption was wrong.9. After attending Mindsets’ workshops, the participants came to knowthe importance of _____ to their business.10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , we can achieve diversity and benefit from the _____ between us.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 Minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said .Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once .After each question there will be a pause . During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) She expected more people at her party.B) She enjoys entertaining small children .C) She threw a surprise party for her friendD) She has always enjoyed great popularity.12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place.B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.C) They are going to have a holiday.D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.13. A) He was pleased to get the medal. C) He used to be a firefighter.(B) He was very courageous. D) He was accused of causing a fire.14。
2024年6月全国大学英语CET四级真题和答案解析(第二套)
2024年06月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: Suppose your university is seeking students’ opinions on whether university sports facilities should be open to the public. You are now to write an essay to express your view. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.PartⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) It hit a bird shortly after takeoff.B) Its crew members went on strike.C) It narrowly escaped a plane crash when turning around.D) Its captain got slightly injured during the forced landing.2. A) Panic. C) Relieved.B) Nervous. D) Contented.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) He is now kept in a secure area.B) He has escaped the zoo once again.C) He has been caught a second time.D) He finally disappeared six days ago.4. A) Squeezed.B) Threatened.C) Disappointed.D) Frustrated.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It is condemned as a crazy idea.B) It is enriching the city’s night life.C) It is questioned by local residents.D) It is giving rise to safety concerns.6. A) Avoid entering one-way streets.B) Ensure the safety of pedestrians.C) Follow all the traffic rules drivers do.D) Give way to automobiles at all times.7. A) To ease the city’s busy traffic.B) To bring new life into the city.C) To add a new means of transport.D) To reduce the city’s air pollution.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Take it seriously. C) Make it sound scary.B) Discuss it regularly. D) Talk about it openly.9. A) By shopping around for the best deals. C) By citing concrete examples.B) By making abstract sums relevant. D) By visiting discount stores.10. A) Paying their kids to help with housework.B) Setting kids a good example by sharing chores.C) Giving kids pocket money according to their needs.D) Urging kids to deposit some of their gift money.11. A) The importance of cutting down family expenses.B) The need to learn important lessons from her elders.C) The delight in seeing their savings grow.D) The necessity of saving into a pension.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) He is a successful businessman.B) He reviews books on political affairs.C) He has published a new bestseller.D) He has worked in several banks.13. A) The man’s ideas about education.B) The man’s academic background.C) The man’s attempts at drawing public attention.D) The man’s proposals to solve economic problems.14. A) To reduce students’ financial burden.B) To motivate all students to be successful.C) To give students incentive to excel in economics.D) To provide remedies for students’ poor performance.15. A) Improving school budgeting. C) Seeking donations.B) Increasing tuition fees. D) Raising taxes.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. Afteryou hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) To show his sympathy towards people always being busy.B) To prevent people from complaining about being “busy”.C) To call on busy people to take care of themselves.D) To help busy people to sort out their priorities.17. A) Avoid saying we are busy. C) Describe our schedule in detail.B) Reflect on their true purpose. D) Respond as most busy people do.18. A) To show their achievements resulted from great efforts.B) To prove they stand out as accomplished professionals.C) To cover up their failure to achieve some purpose.D) To tell others a complete lie about their inability.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) They will help one reduce fear. C) They will be less challenging after a time.B) They should become so popular. D) They should cover so many different types.20. A) To break one’s ultimate limits. C) To avoid dangerous mistakes.B) To stop being extremely afraid. D) To enjoy the sports to the full.21. A) By allowing our motivation to be at an all-time high.B) By stopping us hurting the same muscles repeatedly.C) By burning as many as 300 calories per hour.D) By enabling us to get an all-over workout.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It is natural.B) It is instrumental.C) It is personal.D) It is vital.23. A) To guard against being perceived negatively. C) To conceal personality preferences.B) To prevent themselves from being isolated. D) To maintain workplace harmony.24. A) It helps to enhance team spirit.B) It stimulates innovative ideas.C) It helps to resolve problems.D) It facilitates policy-making.25. A) An innovative mind.B) Corporate culture.C) Mutual trust.D) A healthy mentality.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once．A team of researchers led by Priyanka Joshi examined the degree to which men and women relied on “communicative abstraction” to verbally convey their ideas and emotions. Communicative abstraction, according to the researchers, reflects the tendency of people to use “abstract speech that focuses on the broader pi cture and 26 purpose of action rather than concrete speech focusing on details and the means of 27 action.” Interestingly, they found that men were far more likely to speak in the abstract than were women.To arrive at this 28 , the researchers examined the linguistic (语言的) patterns of men and women in over 600,000 blog posts written on websites. To do this, the researchers computed abstractness ratings for 29 40,000 commonly used words in the English language. Words conside red to be concrete could be easily visualized, such as “table” or “chair”. Words that were more 30 to visualize, for example, “justice” or “morality” were considered to be more abstract. They found that men used 31 more abstract language in their blog posts.What is the 32 of this effect? The researchers suggest that power differences between the genders— that is, men having more power in society—might be a key determinant (决定因素). For instance, in a follow-up study conducted with a sample of 300 students, the researchers 33 power dynamics in an interpersonal setting to see if this would influence communicative abstraction. They found that participants in a high-power interviewer role were more likely to give abstract descriptions of behaviors than were participants in a low-power interviewee role. This suggests that communicating more abstractly does not reflect a 34 tendency of men or women but rather 35 within specific contexts.Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How to better work towards long-term goalsA)Hal Hershfield, a psychologist at the UCLA Anderson School of Management, wanted toknow why people weren’t saving for retirement. Across the board, people are living longer.Logically, they’ll need more money to live comfortably in their post-work years. And yet, savings rates in the U.S. have gone down in recent decades, not up.B)To help explain this seemingly irrational behavior, Hershfield and his team scanned thebrains of study participants while asking them to what degree various traits (特征)—like “honorable”or “funny”—applied to their current self, their future self, a current other, or a future other. As participants answered, Hershfield’s team recorded which parts of their brains lit up. Unsurprisingly, people’s brains were most active when thinking about their current selves and least active when thinking about a current other. But the team found that participants’ brain activity while considering their future selves more closely resembled their brain activity while thinking about a current other rather than the current self.C)Put in practical terms, when thinking of yourself in a month or a year or a decade, yourbrain registers that person in ways similar to how it would register Taylor Swift or the mailman. Understood in that way, saving for retirement is the equivalent of giving money away to someone else entirely.D)In light of Hershfield’s study, one simple question arises: Is it possible to make our presentselves give a damn about our future selves? The answers are anything but simple.E)Seen through the lens of the present self versus the future self, our self-defeating actions—like choosing to watch television rather than go to the gym—suddenly make perfect sense.We get to enjoy the very concrete, immediate benefits of our actions while someone else (namely, our future selves) suffers the hypothetical(假设的), far-off consequences. As a result, the decisions we make for our present selves often look very different from our decisions for our future selves. We believe that tomorrow will be different. We believe that we will be different tomorrow; but in doing so, we prioritize our current mood over the consequences of our inaction for the future self.F)Understanding our procrastination (拖延) through the lens of the present and future selves,we’re left with three possible solutions: The first is to force your future self to do whatever your present self doesn’t want to do. The second is to convince your present self that your future self is, in fact, still you. If the central problem is that we think of our future selves as other people, it follows that trying to identify more closely with our future selves will encourage us to make better long-term decisions.G)In a follow-up study, Hershfield wanted to explore ways to bridge the disconnect betweenthe present and future selves and encourage people to save more for retirement. He and his team took photos of study participants, and then used image processing to visually age their faces. Participants were then placed in a virtual reality setting where they could look into a mirror and see their aged selves looking back at them. Participants who saw their aged selves said they would save 30% more of their salary for retirement than the control group.H)Whatever your long-term goals may be—getting in better shape, launching your ownbusiness, writing a book—thinking about your deadline in terms of days rather than months or years can help you wrap your mind around how close the future really is.I)The third solution is to forget about your future self and use your present self’s love ofinstant gratification (满足感) to your advantage. While the two tactics (手段) above can be effective in making better long-term choices, in the end, you’re still struggling againsthuman nature. Our brains are hard-wired for instant gratification. Instead of fighting your present self’s need for immediate rewards, why not use it to your advantage? When most of us set goals, we focus on long-term results we want to see—e.g., losing weight, gettinga promotion, retiring in comfort, etc. While those visions of our future selves can beinspiring, when it comes to actually doing the day-to-day work, it may be more effective to reframe activities in terms of their immediate, or at least very near-term, rewards.J)Take writing this article, for instance. It’s easy for me to imagine how amazing it will feel at the end of the workday to have this article done. This isn’t just my opinion. Research partners Kaitlin Woolley of Cornell University and Ayelet Fishbach of the University of Chicago have made a career out of studying the differences between the goals that people achieve and the ones that fall to the wayside.K)“In one study, we asked people online about the goals they set at the beginning of the year.Most people set goals to achieve delayed, long-term benefits, such as career advancement, debt repayment, or improved health. We asked these individuals how enjoyable it was to pursue their goal, as well as how important their goal was. We also asked whether they were still working on their goals two months after setting them. We found that enjoyment predicted people’s goal persistence two months after setting the goal far more than how important they rated their goal to be,” Woolley said.L)This pattern held true across a wide variety of goals from exercising to studying to eating healthier foods. For example, people ate 50% more of a healthy food when directed to focus on the good taste rather than the long-term health benefits. Other studies have shown a greater uptake of exercise in people who were told to think of the enjoyment of doing the exercise now rather than future health gains.M)These findings suggest that when it comes to achieving your goals, enjoying the process itself is more important than wanting the long-term benefits. In other words, present self trumps (战胜) future self. Who says instant gratification has to be a bad thing? By all means, set ambitious long-term goals for your future self, but when it comes to actually following through day-to-day, make sure your present self knows what’s in it for her too.36. Our brains are genetically determined to satisfy immediate desires.37. Taken in a practical way, saving for post-work years is like giving money away to others.38. Research found that, as regards achievement of one’s goals, it is important to focus more on enjoying the process than the long-term benefits.39. Regarding our future selves as still being ourselves will help us make better long-term decisions.40. Savings rates in America have dropped in recent decades even though people’s life expectancy has increased.41. Researchers found that enjoyment rather than importance enabled people to persist in their goals.42. When making decisions, we give priority to our current frame of mind without thinking much of the consequences.43. People ate more of a healthy food when they focused on its good taste instead of its long-term benefits.44. As was expected, when people thought of their present selves, their brains were observed to become more active.45. Researchers found that participants who saw the images of their aged selves would save more for their later years than those who didn’t.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.People often wonder why some entrepreneurs have greater success than others. Is it habits, connections, luck, work ethic or any other behavior? I believe the key to success is willpower. Willpower is the ability to control yourself. It is a strong determination that allows you to do something difficult. It is a behavior we are born with more than one we learn; however, it is possible to not only learn it, but also strengthen it with constant exercise.Willpower is just like a muscle; to keep it strong you need to constantly exercise it. People with a great amount of willpower have the discipline to develop positive, successful habits. Even with an incredible amount of talent, without the discipline and motivation to create positive habits, it can be difficult to achieve success.Willpower and habits go hand in hand. It is critical to create good habits and take the actions necessary to stick to those habits day in and day out for greater success. Almost half of our daily actions are part of our habits and not decisions, so once the correct habits are in place, you will automatically perform those tasks on a day-today basis.The best way to create and stick to a habit is to have strong motivation. It’s easier to change your habits to lose weight if you have a health issue and you want to be around longer for your kids, or if your business is somethin g you’re passionate about. Having a valuable outcome associated with a habit will help you stick to that habit permanently.The art of self-control is one that most successful individuals have mastered. Self-control enables you to avoid behaviors that don’t contribute to your success and adopt those that do.Because there is a delayed satisfaction associated with self-control, it can be easy to get off track. However, if you work on sticking to those small positive habits one day at a time, it becomes easier to stay strong and achieve that delayed reward. Once a reward is achieved, it is much easier to continue sticking to your habits.46. What does the author say we need to do to strengthen our willpower?A) Keep it under control. C) Learn from entrepreneurs.B) Apply it continuously. D) Aim at success determinedly.47. How are almost half of our daily actions performed according to the passage?A) Out of habit. C) Like muscle building.B) With determination. D) By self-discipline.48. What will help people stick to doing something constructive automatically?A) Practising it on a day-to-day basis. C) Possessing a reasonable amount of talent.B) Associating it with improving health. D) Foreseeing the desired outcome it will yield.49. How does the art of self-control help us succeed?A) By allowing us to remain clear-headed permanently.B) By enabling us to alter our behaviors constantly.C) By enabling us to take positive actions.D) By allowing us to avoid taking risks.50. Why can it be difficult for us to maintain self-control?A) Most of us are not in the habit of exercising self-control.B) We may not get immediate rewards from self-control.C) Self-control tends to be associated with pains.D) Self-control only brings about small benefits.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Today, most scientific research is funded by government grants, companies doing research and development, and non-profit foundations. As a society, we reap the rewards from this science, but we also help pay for it. You indirectly support science through taxes you pay, products and services you purchase, and donations you make.Funding for science has changed with the times. Historically, science has been largely supported through private patronage(资助), church sponsorship, or simply paying for the research yourself. Today, researchers are likely to be funded by a mix of grants from various government agencies, institutions, and foundations. Other research is funded by private companies. Such corporate sponsorship is widespread in some fields. Almost 75% of U.S. clinical trials in medicine are paid for by private companies. And, of course, some researchers today still fund small-scale studies out of their own pockets. Most of us can’t afford to do nuclear research as a private hobby, but birdwatchers, rock collectors, and others can do real research on a limited budget.In a perfect world, money wouldn’t matter—all scientific studies would be completely objective. But in the real world, funding may introduce biases. Drug research sponsored by the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry is more likely to end up favoring the drug under consideration than studies sponsored by government grants or charitable organizations. Similarly, nutrition research sponsored by the food industry is more likely to end up favoring the food under consideration than independently funded research.So what should we make of all this? Should we ignore any research funded by companies or special interest groups? Certainly not. These groups provide invaluable funding for scientific research. Furthermore, science has many safeguards in place to catch instances of bias that affect research outcomes. Ultimately, misleading results will be corrected as science proceeds; however, this process takes time. Meanwhile, it pays to examine studies funded by industry or special interest groups with extra care. Are the results consistent with other independently funded studies? What do other scientists have to say about this research? A little examination can go a long way towards identifying bias associated with the funding source.51. What does the passage mainly discuss regarding scientific research?A) Its foundation.B) Its rewards.C) Its prospect.D) Its funding.52. What do we learn from the passage about researchers like birdwatchers and rock collectors?A) They have little access to government funding.B) They can do research with limited resources.C) They can do amateur work in their own fields.D) They have no means for large-scale research.53. What would scientific studies look like in a perfect world according to the author?A) They would be totally unbiased.B) They would be independently funded.C) They would be responsibly conducted.D) They would be strictly supervised.54. What does the author say about companies and special interest groups?A) They try hard to pull down the safeguards for research.B) They make extra efforts to research their own products.C) They provide valuable resources for scientific research.D) They reap the most benefits from scientific research.55. What does the author think of research funded by industry or special interest groups?A) Its recommendations should be examined for feasibility.B) Its misleading results should be corrected in time.C) Its validity should be checked with additional care.D) Its hidden biases should be identified independently.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.农历（the lunar calendar）起源于数千年前的中国，根据太阳和月亮的运行规律制定。
2020年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a shortessay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should writeat least 120 words following the outline given bellow:1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？2. 也会带来一些问题3. 你的看法？Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go overthe passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. Forquestions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the informationgiven in the passage.How Do You See Diversity?As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for someof the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed thatthe candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhatdisappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but thefact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so shedecided to offer the job to her second choice.“It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized theperson we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. Whatshe hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s“different”behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-Americanraised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown byaverting(避开) your eyes.“I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it wascultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss thatopportunity again.”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive asdifferent. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse,it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and toreexamine some of our false assumptions .Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming moredifficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from theprocess have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helpsorganizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estaterecruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference suchtraining can make .“During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops onsu pervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender.“I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce.“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .“He pati ently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on theChinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuminghe had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions ,and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture toculture .“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I couldlearn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees ,rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,” Dougadmits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learninghow to be more ‘inclusive’ to differences.A better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizationsinternally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customerservice representative show how an inclusive attitude can improvesales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . Oneof the best things my company has done is to contract with a languageservice that offers translations over the phone . It wasn’t until my bossreceived Mindsets’ training that she was able to understand how importantinclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base hasincreased .”Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard thestereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone .Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differencesand similarities . It is about building better communities andorganizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our sharedhumanity .When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think wehave learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends ,etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selvesto think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opensdoors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations andcommunities that benefit everyone.1. What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?A) He just wouldn’t look her in the eye.B) He was slow in answering her questions.C) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.D) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.2. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from _____.A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalizationaccording to the author?A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.D) Expanding domestic and international markets.4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that _____.A) He had hired the wrong person.B) He could have done more for his company.C) He had not managed his workforce well.D) He must get rid of his gender bias.6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.C) It helped him make fair decisions.D) It met participants’ di verse needs.7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee’srequest for leave?A) He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it downB) He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.8. Doug felt _____ when he realized that his assumption was wrong.9. After attending Mindsets’ workshops, the participants came to knowthe importance of _____ to their business.10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , wecan achieve diversity and benefit from the _____ between us.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 Minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questionswill be asked about what was said .Both the conversation and the questionswill be spoken only once .After each question there will be a pause .During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) She expected more people at her party.B) She enjoys entertaining small children .C) She threw a surprise party for her friendD) She has always enjoyed great popularity.12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place.B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.C) They are going to have a holiday.D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.13. A) He was pleased to get the medal. C) He used to be a firefighter.(B) He was very courageous. D) He was accused of causing a fire.14。
2024四级试题及答案
2024四级试题及答案### 2024年大学英语四级考试试题及答案#### 一、听力部分听力理解（共25分）1. 短对话（共8分）- 问题1：What does the man suggest doing?- 答案：A. Visiting the museum.- 问题2：Why is the woman upset?- 答案：B. She missed the bus.2. 长对话（共10分）- 问题1：What is the main topic of the conversation?- 答案：C. Planning a trip to the countryside.- 问题2：What does the man think of the woman's idea?- 答案：D. He is not very enthusiastic about it.3. 短文理解（共7分）- 问题1：What is the speaker mainly talking about?- 答案：A. The importance of environmental protection.- 问题2：What is the speaker's suggestion for the audience? - 答案：B. To reduce the use of plastic bags.#### 二、阅读部分阅读理解（共20分）1. 快速阅读（共10分）- 问题1：What is the main idea of the passage?- 答案：A. The benefits of regular exercise.- 问题2：What does the author suggest to improve health? - 答案：B. Combining exercise with a healthy diet.2. 仔细阅读（共10分）- 问题1：According to the passage, what is the key to success?- 答案：C. Persistence and hard work.- 问题2：What does the author believe about failure?- 答案：D. It is a stepping stone to success.#### 三、写作部分作文（共15分）题目：The Impact of Technology on Education范文：In recent years, the integration of technology in education has been a topic of much debate. It is undeniable that technology has revolutionized the way we learn and teach. For instance, the use of online platforms and digital resources has made education more accessible and interactive. Students can now access a wealth of information at their fingertips, and teachers can employ various tools to enhance the learning experience.However, there are also concerns about the over-reliance ontechnology. Some argue that it may lead to a decrease in critical thinking skills as students may become too dependent on search engines and online summaries. Additionally, the digital divide can exacerbate educational inequalities, as not all students have equal access to technology.In conclusion, while technology has undoubtedly brought about positive changes in education, it is crucial to strike a balance. Educators should use technology as a tool to complement traditional teaching methods, ensuring that students develop a well-rounded set of skills.#### 四、翻译部分汉译英（共20分）原文：随着经济的快速发展，人们的生活水平有了显著提高。
(完整版)大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及详解)
大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及翻译）CET4 Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.题目一：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的校园，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目二：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的家乡，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目三：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观中国，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
英语四级试卷及参考答案
英语四级试卷及参考答案一、听力理解（共25分）Section A: 短对话（共8分）1. A) The man is too busy to attend the concert.B) The concert has been cancelled.C) The woman is not interested in the concert.D) The tickets for the concert are too expensive.2. A) The woman is looking for a job.B) The man is not qualified for the job.C) The man is asking for a raise.D) The woman is offering the man a job....Section B: 长对话（共7分）11. What is the main topic of the conversation?A) A new shopping mall.B) A new movie.C) A new restaurant.D) A new book.12. Why does the man suggest going to the cinema?A) Because it's a new experience.B) Because it's cheaper than a restaurant.C) Because it's a better place for a date.D) Because the woman has never been there....Section C: 短文理解（共10分）16. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A) The importance of environmental protection.B) The impact of technology on society.C) The benefits of traveling.D) The challenges of modern life.17. According to the speaker, what can be done to address the issue?A) Encouraging recycling.B) Reducing the use of plastic.C) Promoting public transportation.D) All of the above....二、阅读理解（共20分）Section A: 快速阅读（共10分）26. The author's purpose in writing the passage is to _______.27. According to the passage, which of the following is true about the new policy?28. What does the author suggest we should do to improve our health?...Section B: 阅读理解（共10分）31. What is the main idea of the passage?32. The author uses the example of _______ to illustrate_______.33. What is the author's attitude towards the issue discussed in the passage?...三、词汇与语法结构（共15分）36. The company is _______ to expand its business overseas.A) keenB) reluctantC) indifferentD) anxious37. If it were not for the support of the community, our project _______.A) would have failedB) would failC) had failedD) fails...四、完形填空（共20分）41. The word "significant" in the context of the passage means _______.42. The author suggests that _______ is a key factor in achieving success.43. According to the passage, the attitude of the employeestowards their work is _______....五、翻译（共20分）Translate the following sentences into English:44. 随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得越来越便利。
2023年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套)含答案
2023年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套）Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:Suppose the student union of your university is organizing an online discussion on interpersonal relationships.You are to write an essay on ways to maintain a warm and friendly relationship with your classmates and on the benefits of such a relationship.You will have30minutes for the task.You should write at least120words but no more than180words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A.A man was taken to a hospital.B.A man was bitten by a snake.C.A man fell off his toilet seat.D.A man kept a4-foot snake as a pet.2. A.Who owned the snake.B.How the snake was captured.C.Whether the snake was infected.D.Where the snake had been taken.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A.Posting her daughter’s photos on social media.B.Sharing her photos with famous movie stars.C.Amusing herself by going to ball parties.D.Taking her trash out in fancy dresses.4. A.To record her achievements.B.To please her daughter.C.To amuse people.D.To make herself popular.Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A.Get a free meal after answering some questions.B.Have a meal even if they have no money.C.Have a chance of winning a$100prize.D.Eat as much as they want for$10.6. A.It was brought up by two staffers.B.It was suggested by some of her customers.C.It originated from a donation to her staff.D.It helped to popularize her restaurant.7. A.Fifty customers have offered donations.B.Most staffers have received messages of kindness.C.Many people have come to eat at the restaurant.D.More people have been giving than taking.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A.He is a famous writer.B.He is a psychologist.C.He is a host for a TV program.D.He is a primary school teacher.9. A.Why friends break off contact all of a sudden.B.Why people fail to respond to emails promptly.C.Why parents raise their children in different ways.D.Why social media accounts vanish without a trace.10.A.They attempt to ignore the whole situation.B.They scream to get their parents back.C.They avoid showing their emotions.D.They simply shut themselves down.11.A.They try to express their feelings and thoughts effectively.B.They are on better terms with friends and romantic partners.C.They may regard any difference as the end of a relationship.D.They attach more value to their relationships with others.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A.Their quality. B.Their design. C.Their price. D.Their color.13.A.Jeans are available in a greater variety in America.B.America has the best weaving tools in the world.C.America makes the best-known brands of jeans.D.Jeans are a typical American garment.14.A.They are artificial.B.They are unique.C.They are natural.D.They are special.15.A.They are worth the price.B.They are much too pricey.C.They are popular with boys.D.They are for casual wearing.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A.He wants to see it again.B.He desires more in life.C.He longs to become a superstar himself.D.He feels as inspired as other audience members.17.A.It is extremely artistic.B.It is rather unrealistic.C.It is somewhat complicated.D.It is relatively predictable.18.A.They are too simple.B.They are full of shootings.C.They are basically misleading.D.They are biased against women.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A.It is an intuitive way to solidify friendship.B.It is a means to inspire creative thinking.C.It can help connect people.D.It can highlight leadership.20.A.Make them more open to learning.B.Allow them to recite data points.C.Enable them to remember the main idea.D.Stimulate them to engage in discussions.21.A.Enrich their own experience.B.Inspire listeners’imagination.C.Explain insightful ideas.D.Convey fundamental values.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A.The number of immigrants to the U.S.is declining.B.Another wave of immigrants is hitting the U.S.C.Immigrants have been contributing to the U.S.D.Immigrants outnumber U.S.-born Americans.23.A.They have founded most Fortune500companies.B.They have fewer chances to be hired by panies.C.More of them expect their children to succeed in business.D.More of them are successful business people.24.A.Thirty-four percent of them use credit for their daily purchases.B.Their level of debt is lower than that of native-born Americans.C.Nineteen percent of them borrow money from friends and family.D.They have higher installment loan debt than native-born Americans.25.A.Collaborate with native-born Americans.B.Borrow money from financial institutions.C.Keep their traditional values and old habits.D.Find employment in competitive businesses.Part III Reading Comprehension(40minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.You probably haven’t taken the time to think of all the work that went into creating the shirt on your back.I mean,how hard it could be to create fabric and26 it into a shirt shape.Don’t machines do all that?Well,creating fabric from cotton,which is the most27 clothing material,is actually a process that involves a lot of water,2,700liters per shirt to be28 .Take a look at the video below from National Geographic for some more mind-blowing29 about cotton clothing production.Clean water is30 becoming one of the most sought-after resources in the world.Given how large the31 and cotton industries are,they take up a lot of our fresh water demands across the world, according to The Huffington Post.The video from National Geographic was created to spread32 of how environmentally harmful cotton is.But the situation can be made better.Through better water management and farming practices,water usage in cotton production can be cut down by33 40 percent.Called“Better Cotton”,this environmentally conscious product will save millions of liters of water a year simply from34 the demands of cotton production.Cotton doesn’t have to go,since it is,after all,one of the most useful cash crops across the globe.However,as water supplies35 ,farmers and consumers need to be more conscious of the effect that these products have on the environment as a whole.Section BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.The Spoken WebA.We’re growing more used to chatting to our computers,phones and smart speakers through voiceassistants like Amazon’s Alexa,Apple’s Siri and Microsoft’s Cortana.Blind and partially sighted people have been using text-to-speech converters for decades.B.Out of these assistants,Siri is the most well-known.The assistant uses voice inquiries and a natural-language user interface(界面)to answer questions.The software adapts to users’individual language usages,searches,and preferences,with continuing use.C.Some think voice could soon take over from typing and clicking as the main way to interact online.But what are the challenges of moving to“the spoken web”?D.What use is written online content if you can’t read?That is the situation facing illiterate(不识字)African farmers.They are often denied crucial information the web offers many others.With a literacy rate in some parts of Africa at only22.6%,farmers are often“underpaid for their produce because they might be unaware of the prevailing prices,”says Francis Dittoh,a researcher behind Mr Meteo,a speech-based weather information service.E.“The most frequently heard complaint is about rainfall predictions,”says Mr Dittoh,who lives inTamale,northern Ghana.“They tell us the methods their forefathers used to predict the weather don’t seem to work as well these days.”This is down to climate change,he believes.Yet knowing when it’s going to rain is vital for farmers wanting to sow seeds,irrigate crops or take their animals out to the fields to feed on grass.F.Mr Dittoh says the idea of converting online weather reports into speech came from the farmersthemselves,after a workshop in the village of Guabuligah.“They came up with this,”he says.Mr Meteo takes the online weather forecast,converts it to a short recording in the appropriate language and makes it available on a basic phone.Farmers ring up to receive the information.The local language Dagbani is spoken by1.2million people but is not served by any online translation applications.The service was designed to be cheap and easy to run,says Mr Ditto.He plans to begin field tests this month,working with Tamale’s Savanna Agricultural Research Institute.G.The spoken web could also help the one-in-five adults in Europe and the US with poor reading skills.But building the spoken web—web-to-voice and voice-to-web—isn’t straightforward.For software to understand pizza is served at Italian restaurants is easy.To cover multiple domains and to be able to have a conversation with users on every single topic is still a long way off.H.So although many computer assistants can answer simple questions about the weather and play musicfor us,anything resembling a wide-ranging human conversation is decades away.Artificial intelligence just isn’t smart enough yet.Even turning your voice into text—automatic speech recognition—is one of the hardest problems to solve,as there are as many ways to pronounce things as there are people on the planet.I.Siri has often been praised for its ability to interpret our casual language and deliver very specific andaccurate result,sometimes even providing additional information.But it is still somewhat restricted, particularly when the language moved away from stiffer commands into more human interactions.In one example,the phrase“Send a text to Jason,Clint,Sam,and Lee saying we’re having dinner at Silver Cloud restaurant”was interpreted as sending a message to Jason only,containing the text“Clint Sam and Lee saying we’re having dinner at Silver Cloud restaurant”.It has also been noted that Siri lacks a proper editing function,as saying“Edit message to say:we’re at Silver Cloud restaurant and you should come find us”generates“Clint Sam and Lee saying we’re having dinner at Silver Cloud restaurant to say we’re at Silver Cloud restaurant and you should come find us”.ing voice interaction feels far more intimate than surfing the net the old-fashioned way.This is intentional as the informal tone of the assistant helps create an emotional attachment.But if something。
英语四级考试题和答案
英语四级考试题和答案一、听力理解（共30分）1. A) The man is not interested in the woman's suggestion.B) The woman is not sure whether she can go to the party.C) The woman is not familiar with the man's friends.D) The man is trying to persuade the woman to go to the party.2. A) The woman is looking for a job.B) The woman is asking for directions.C) The woman is looking for a house to rent.D) The woman is asking about the cost of living.二、阅读理解（共20分）Passage 136. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of teamwork in business.B) The benefits of working in a team.C) The challenges of working in a team.D) The disadvantages of working alone.37. According to the passage, which of the following is a benefit of working in a team?A) It allows for more creativity.B) It reduces the workload for each individual.C) It provides a sense of security.D) It leads to better decision-making.Passage 238. What does the author suggest about the use of social media?A) It should be limited to avoid addiction.B) It can be beneficial if used wisely.C) It is a waste of time for most people.D) It is a necessary tool for modern communication.39. What is the author's opinion on the impact of social media on relationships?A) It has a negative effect on personal relationships.B) It can strengthen relationships if used properly.C) It has no significant impact on relationships.D) It is essential for maintaining long-distance relationships.三、词汇与语法（共20分）40. The company has recently ________ a new policy to improve employee satisfaction.A) implementedB) demonstratedC) speculatedD) deteriorated41. Despite the heavy rain, the construction work was________ on schedule.A) delayedB) postponedC) acceleratedD) maintained四、写作（共30分）42. Directions: Write an essay of about 120 words on thetopic "The Role of Technology in Education". You should write clearly and coherently, and support your view with appropriate examples.参考答案：一、听力理解1. D) The man is trying to persuade the woman to go to the party.2. B) The woman is asking for directions.二、阅读理解36. A) The importance of teamwork in business.37. B) It reduces the workload for each individual.38. B) It can be beneficial if used wisely.39. B) It can strengthen relationships if used properly.三、词汇与语法40. A) implemented41. D) maintained四、写作范文：The Role of Technology in EducationIn recent years, technology has played an increasingly significant role in the field of education. It has transformed the way students learn and teachers teach. For instance, the use of interactive whiteboards in classrooms allows for a more engaging and dynamic learning experience.Additionally, online learning platforms provide students with access to a wealth of resources and the flexibility to learn at their own pace.Moreover, technology has made education more inclusive by breaking down geographical barriers. Students from remote areas can now participate in virtual classrooms, connecting with peers and educators worldwide. This has not only expanded their horizons but also fostered a global perspective on learning.In conclusion, technology has revolutionized education by enhancing the learning experience, providing greater access to resources, and fostering global connections. As we continue to embrace technological advancements, the potential for further transformation in education is limitless.。
2020年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a shortessay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should writeat least 120 words following the outline given bellow:1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？2. 也会带来一些问题3. 你的看法？Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go overthe passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. Forquestions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the informationgiven in the passage.How Do You See Diversity?As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for someof the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed thatthe candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhatdisappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but thefact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so shedecided to offer the job to her second choice.“It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized theperson we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. Whatshe hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s“different”behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-Americanraised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown byaverting(避开) your eyes.“I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it wascultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss thatopportunity again.”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive asdifferent. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse,it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and toreexamine some of our false assumptions .Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming moredifficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from theprocess have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helpsorganizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estaterecruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference suchtraining can make .“During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops onsu pervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender.“I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce.“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .“He pati ently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on theChinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuminghe had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions ,and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture toculture .“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I couldlearn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees ,rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,” Dougadmits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learninghow to be more ‘inclusive’ to differences.A better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizationsinternally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customerservice representative show how an inclusive attitude can improvesales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . Oneof the best things my company has done is to contract with a languageservice that offers translations over the phone . It wasn’t until my bossreceived Mindsets’ training that she was able to understand how importantinclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base hasincreased .”Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard thestereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone .Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differencesand similarities . It is about building better communities andorganizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our sharedhumanity .When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think wehave learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends ,etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selvesto think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opensdoors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations andcommunities that benefit everyone.1. What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?A) He just wouldn’t look her in the eye.B) He was slow in answering her questions.C) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.D) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.2. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from _____.A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalizationaccording to the author?A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.D) Expanding domestic and international markets.4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that _____.A) He had hired the wrong person.B) He could have done more for his company.C) He had not managed his workforce well.D) He must get rid of his gender bias.6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.C) It helped him make fair decisions.D) It met participants’ di verse needs.7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee’srequest for leave?A) He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it downB) He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.8. Doug felt _____ when he realized that his assumption was wrong.9. After attending Mindsets’ workshops, the participants came to knowthe importance of _____ to their business.10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , wecan achieve diversity and benefit from the _____ between us.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 Minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questionswill be asked about what was said .Both the conversation and the questionswill be spoken only once .After each question there will be a pause .During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) She expected more people at her party.B) She enjoys entertaining small children .C) She threw a surprise party for her friendD) She has always enjoyed great popularity.12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place.B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.C) They are going to have a holiday.D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.13. A) He was pleased to get the medal. C) He used to be a firefighter.(B) He was very courageous. D) He was accused of causing a fire.14。
(完整版)大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及详解)
大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及翻译）CET4 Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.题目一：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的校园，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目二：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的家乡，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目三：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观中国，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2020年9月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套)含答案(完整版)
机密 启用前大学英语四级考试ＣＯＬＬＥＧＥＥＮＧＬＩＳＨＴＥＳＴＢａｎｄＦｏｕｒ（２０２０年９月第１套）试题册ʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀ敬告考生一㊁在答题前，请认真完成以下内容：1.请检查试题册背面条形码粘贴条㊁答题卡的印刷质量，如有问题及时向监考员反映，确认无误后完成以下两点要求㊂2.请将试题册背面条形码粘贴条揭下后粘贴在答题卡1的条形码粘贴框内，并将姓名和准考证号填写在试题册背面相应位置㊂3.请在答题卡1和答题卡2指定位置用黑色签字笔填写准考证号㊁姓名和学校名称，并用HB⁃2B铅笔将对应准考证号的信息点涂黑㊂二㊁在考试过程中，请注意以下内容：1.所有题目必须在答题卡上规定位置作答，在试题册上或答题卡上非规定位置的作答一律无效㊂2.请在规定时间内在答题卡指定位置依次完成作文㊁听力㊁阅读㊁翻译各部分考试，作答作文期间不得翻阅该试题册㊂听力录音播放完毕后，请立即停止作答，监考员将立即收回答题卡1，得到监考员指令后方可继续作答㊂3.作文题内容印在试题册背面，作文题及其他主观题必须用黑色签字笔在答题卡指定区域内作答㊂4.选择题均为单选题，错选㊁不选或多选将不得分，作答时必须使用HB⁃2B铅笔在答题卡上相应位置填涂，修改时须用橡皮擦净㊂三㊁以下情况按违规处理：1.未正确填写（涂）个人信息，错贴㊁不贴㊁毁损条形码粘贴条㊂2.未按规定翻阅试题册㊁提前阅读试题㊁提前或在收答题卡期间作答㊂3.未用所规定的笔作答㊁折叠或毁损答题卡导致无法评卷㊂4.考试期间在非听力考试时间佩戴耳机㊂全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会未得到监考教师指令前，不得翻阅该试题册！ＰａｒｔＩＩＬｉｓｔｅｎｉｎｇＣｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｏｎ(２５ｍｉｎｕｔｅｓ)ＳｅｃｔｉｏｎＡＤｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：Ｉｎｔｈｉｓｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ，ｙｏｕｗｉｌｌｈｅａｒｔｈｒｅｅｎｅｗｓｒｅｐｏｒｔｓ．Ａｔｔｈｅｅｎｄｏｆｅａｃｈｎｅｗｓｒｅｐｏｒｔ，ｙｏｕｗｉｌｌｈｅａｒｔｗｏｏｒｔｈｒｅｅｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ．Ｂｏｔｈｔｈｅｎｅｗｓｒｅｐｏｒｔａｎｄｔｈｅｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓｗｉｌｌｂｅｓｐｏｋｅｎｏｎｌｙｏｎｃｅ．Ａｆｔｅｒｙｏｕｈｅａｒａｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎ，ｙｏｕｍｕｓｔｃｈｏｏｓｅｔｈｅｂｅｓｔａｎｓｗｅｒｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｆｏｕｒｃｈｏｉｃｅｓｍａｒｋｅｄＡ），Ｂ），Ｃ）ａｎｄＤ）．ＴｈｅｎｍａｒｋｔｈｅｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇｌｅｔｔｅｒｏｎＡｎｓｗｅｒＳｈｅｅｔ１ｗｉｔｈａｓｉｎｇｌｅｌｉｎｅｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｃｅｎｔｒｅ．Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ１ａｎｄ２ａｒｅｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｎｅｗｓｒｅｐｏｒｔｙｏｕｈａｖｅｊｕｓｔｈｅａｒｄ．1.A)Ship traffic in the Atlantic.C)Exhaust from cars in Europe.B)Warm currents in the ocean.D)Particles emitted by power plants.2.A)They need to be taken seriously.C)They might be causing trouble to air flights.B)They have a huge effect on fishery.D)They may be affecting the world s climate.Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ３ａｎｄ４ａｒｅｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｎｅｗｓｒｅｐｏｒｔｙｏｕｈａｖｅｊｕｓｔｈｅａｒｄ．3.A)To appeal for higher wages.C)To call for a permanent security guard.B)To demand better health care.D)To dismiss the bad⁃tempered supervisor.4.A)It had already taken strong action.C)It would take their appeal seriously.B)It would put customers needs first.D)It was seeking help from the police.Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ５ｔｏ７ａｒｅｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｎｅｗｓｒｅｐｏｒｔｙｏｕｈａｖｅｊｕｓｔｈｅａｒｄ．5.A)The road was flooded.C)The road was frozen with snow.B)The road was blocked.D)The road was covered with spilled gas.6.A)A truck plunged into a pool of liquid chocolate.B)The heavy snow made driving very difficult.C)The truck driver dozed off while driving.D)A truck hit a barrier and overturned.7.A)It was a long time before the cleanup was finished.B)It was a hard task to remove the spilled substance.C)It was fortunate that no passenger got injured.D)It was difficult to contact the manufacturer.４㊃１㊀ｗｉｌｌｈｅａｒｆｏｕｒｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ．Ｂｏｔｈｔｈｅｃｏｎｖｅｒｓａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｔｈｅｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓｗｉｌｌｂｅｓｐｏｋｅｎｏｎｌｙｏｎｃｅ．Ａｆｔｅｒｙｏｕｈｅａｒａｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎ，ｙｏｕｍｕｓｔｃｈｏｏｓｅｔｈｅｂｅｓｔａｎｓｗｅｒｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｆｏｕｒｃｈｏｉｃｅｓｍａｒｋｅｄＡ），Ｂ），Ｃ）ａｎｄＤ）．ＴｈｅｎｍａｒｋｔｈｅｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇｌｅｔｔｅｒｏｎＡｎｓｗｅｒＳｈｅｅｔ１ｗｉｔｈａｓｉｎｇｌｅｌｉｎｅｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｃｅｎｔｒｅ．Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ８ｔｏ１１ａｒｅｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｃｏｎｖｅｒｓａｔｉｏｎｙｏｕｈａｖｅｊｕｓｔｈｅａｒｄ．8.A)She wanted to save for a new phone.C)She could enjoy discounts with cash.B)She found it much safer to use cash.D)She had been cheated using phone apps.9.A)They can save a lot more time and trouble.B)They find it less difficult to make purchases.C)They derive greater pleasure from buying things.D)They are less aware of the value of their money.10.A)More valuable items.C)Everyday necessities.B)More non⁃essential things.D)Electronic devices.11.A)It can improve shopping efficiency.C)It may lead to excessive spending.B)It is altering the way of shopping.D)It appeals more to younger people.Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ１２ｔｏ１５ａｒｅｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｃｏｎｖｅｒｓａｔｉｏｎｙｏｕｈａｖｅｊｕｓｔｈｅａｒｄ．12.A)He wanted to order some wooden furniture.B)He had to change the furniture delivery time.C)He had a problem with the furniture delivered.D)He wanted the furniture store to give him a refund.13.A)Send the furniture back to the store.C)Collect the furniture he ordered.B)Describe the furniture he received.D)Buy another brand of furniture.14.A)Correct their mistake.C)Apologize to his wife.B)Improve their service.D)Give the money back.15.A)She recommended a new style.C)She apologized to the man once more.B)She offered some gift to the man.D)She checked all the items with the man.４㊃２㊀ｔｈｒｅｅｏｒｆｏｕｒｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ．Ｂｏｔｈｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅａｎｄｔｈｅｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓｗｉｌｌｂｅｓｐｏｋｅｎｏｎｌｙｏｎｃｅ．Ａｆｔｅｒｙｏｕｈｅａｒａｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎ，ｙｏｕｍｕｓｔｃｈｏｏｓｅｔｈｅｂｅｓｔａｎｓｗｅｒｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｆｏｕｒｃｈｏｉｃｅｓｍａｒｋｅｄＡ），Ｂ），Ｃ）ａｎｄＤ）．ＴｈｅｎｍａｒｋｔｈｅｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇｌｅｔｔｅｒｏｎＡｎｓｗｅｒＳｈｅｅｔ１ｗｉｔｈａｓｉｎｇｌｅｌｉｎｅｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｃｅｎｔｒｅ．Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ１６ｔｏ１８ａｒｅｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅｙｏｕｈａｖｅｊｕｓｔｈｅａｒｄ．16.A)Reading books of wisdom.C)Sharing with others.B)Tidying up one s home.D)Donating to charity.17.A)Things that make one happy.C)Things that occupy little space.B)Things that are becoming rare.D)Things that cost a lot of money.18.A)It joined the city s clean⁃up campaign.B)It sold as many as fifty boxes of books.C)It received an incredibly large number of donated books.D)It did little business because of the unusual cold weather.Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ１９ｔｏ２１ａｒｅｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅｙｏｕｈａｖｅｊｕｓｔｈｅａｒｄ．19.A)Give free meals to the homeless.C)Help the vulnerable to cook lunches.B)Provide shelter for the homeless.D)Call for change in the local government.20.A)Strengthen co⁃operation.C)Win national support.B)Promote understanding.D)Follow his example.21.A)Spreading news of his deeds.C)Following the example he sets.B)Writing him thank⁃you notes.D)Sending him hand⁃made bags.Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ２２ｔｏ２５ａｒｅｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅｙｏｕｈａｖｅｊｕｓｔｈｅａｒｄ．22.A)To solve word search puzzles.C)To test their eyesight using a phone app.B)To send smartphone messages.D)To install some audio equipment in a lab.23.A)They could not go on until the ringing stopped.B)They could no longer concentrate on their task.C)They grabbed the phone and called back right away.D)They asked their experimenter to hang up the phone.４㊃３㊀24.A)A rise in emotional problems.B)A decline in sports activities.C)A reduction in the amount of sleep.D)A decline in academic performance.25.A)Protect the eyesight of the younger generation.B)Take effective measures to raise productivity.C)Realize the disruptive effects of technology.D)Ensure they have sufficient sleep every day.ＰａｒｔＩＩＩＲｅａｄｉｎｇＣｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｏｎ(４０ｍｉｎｕｔｅｓ)ＳｅｃｔｉｏｎＡＤｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：Ｉｎｔｈｉｓｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ，ｔｈｅｒｅｉｓａｐａｓｓａｇｅｗｉｔｈｔｅｎｂｌａｎｋｓ．Ｙｏｕａｒｅｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｄｔｏｓｅｌｅｃｔｏｎｅｗｏｒｄｆｏｒｅａｃｈｂｌａｎｋｆｒｏｍａｌｉｓｔｏｆｃｈｏｉｃｅｓｇｉｖｅｎｉｎａｗｏｒｄｂａｎｋｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅ．Ｒｅａｄｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｃａｒｅｆｕｌｌｙｂｅｆｏｒｅｍａｋｉｎｇｙｏｕｒｃｈｏｉｃｅｓ．Ｅａｃｈｃｈｏｉｃｅｉｎｔｈｅｂａｎｋｉｓｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄｂｙａｌｅｔｔｅｒ．ＰｌｅａｓｅｍａｒｋｔｈｅｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇｌｅｔｔｅｒｆｏｒｅａｃｈｉｔｅｍｏｎＡｎｓｗｅｒＳｈｅｅｔ２ｗｉｔｈａｓｉｎｇｌｅｌｉｎｅｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｃｅｎｔｒｅ．Ｙｏｕｍａｙｎｏｔｕｓｅａｎｙｏｆｔｈｅｗｏｒｄｓｉｎｔｈｅｂａｎｋｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎｏｎｃｅ．There re three main types of financial stress people encounter.The first type is apparent in people being stressed about the㊀26㊀ups and downs of investment markets actually not so much the ups, but㊀27㊀the downs.These people are usually unable or unprepared to endure the long haul.The next common type of financial stress is that caused by debt.In a㊀28㊀percentage of cases of debt⁃induced financial stress,credit cards and loans will be a central element.Often there ll be a car loan and perhaps a mortgage,but credit cards often seem to be the gateway to debt⁃related financial difficulties for many.The third type of stress and㊀29㊀the least known is inherited financial stress,which is the most destructive.It is experienced by those who have grown up in households where their parents regularly㊀30㊀and fought about money.Money therefore becomes a stressful topic,and so the thought of sitting down and planning is an unattractive㊀31㊀.Those suffering inherited financial anxiety㊀32㊀to follow one of two patterns.Either they put their head in the sand:they would㊀33㊀examining their financial statements,budgeting,and discussing financial matters with those closest to them.Alternatively,they would go to the other ㊀34㊀,and micro⁃analyze everything,to the point of complete㊀35㊀.They re convinced that whatever decision they make will be the wrong one.４㊃４㊀A)appearanceB)arguedC)avoidD)considerableE)definitelyF)extremeG)inactionH)incredibly I)normal J)possibly K)proposition L)rebelled M)statement N)tendO)traditionalＳｅｃｔｉｏｎＢＤｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：Ｉｎｔｈｉｓｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ，ｙｏｕａｒｅｇｏｉｎｇｔｏｒｅａｄａｐａｓｓａｇｅｗｉｔｈｔｅｎｓｔａｔｅｍｅｎｔｓａｔｔａｃｈｅｄｔｏｉｔ．Ｅａｃｈｓｔａｔｅｍｅｎｔｃｏｎｔａｉｎｓｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｇｉｖｅｎｉｎｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｐａｒａｇｒａｐｈｓ．Ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｙｔｈｅｐａｒａｇｒａｐｈｆｒｏｍｗｈｉｃｈｔｈｅｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｉｓｄｅｒｉｖｅｄ．Ｙｏｕｍａｙｃｈｏｏｓｅａｐａｒａｇｒａｐｈｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎｏｎｃｅ．Ｅａｃｈｐａｒａｇｒａｐｈｉｓｍａｒｋｅｄｗｉｔｈａｌｅｔｔｅｒ．ＡｎｓｗｅｒｔｈｅｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓｂｙｍａｒｋｉｎｇｔｈｅｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇｌｅｔｔｅｒｏｎＡｎｓｗｅｒＳｈｅｅｔ２．Ｄｏｃｔｏｒ ｓｏｒｄｅｒｓ：ＬｅｔｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎｊｕｓｔｐｌａｙA)Imagine a drug that could enhance a child s creativity and critical thinking.Imagine that this drugwere simple to make,safe to take,and could be had for free.The nation s leadingｐｅｄｉａｔｒｉｃｉａｎｓ（儿科医生）say this miracle compound exists.In a new clinical report,they are urging doctors to prescribe it liberally to the children in their care.B) This may seem old⁃fashioned,but there are skills to be learned when kids aren t told what todo, said Dr.Michael Yogman,a Harvard Medical School pediatrician who led the drafting of the call to arms.Whether it s rough physical play,outdoor play or pretend play,kids derive important lessons from the chance to make things up as they go,he said.C)The advice,issued Monday by the American Academy of Pediatrics,may come as a shock tosome parents.After spending yearsｆｒｅｔｔｉｎｇ（烦恼）over which toys to buy,which apps to download and which skill⁃building programs to send their kids to after school,letting them simply play or better yet,playing with them could seem like a step backward.The pediatricians insist that it s not.The academy s guidance does not include specific recommendations for the dosing of play.Instead,it asks doctors to advise parents before their babies turn two that play is essential to healthy development.D) Play is not silly behavior, the academy s report declares.It fosters children s creativity,cooperation and problem⁃solving skills all of which are critical for a21st⁃century workforce.４㊃５㊀When parents engage in play with their children,it builds a wall against the harmful effects of all kinds of stress,including poverty,the academy says.In the pediatricians view,essentially every life skill that s valued in adults can be built up with play. Collaboration,negotiation,decision⁃making,creativity,leadership,and increased physical activity are just some of the skills and benefits children gain through play, they wrote.The pediatricians appeal comes as kids are being squeezed by increasing academic demands at school and the constant invasion of digital media.E)The trends have been a long time coming.Between1981and1997,detailed time⁃use studiesshowed that the time children spent at play declined by25percent.Since the adoption of sweeping education reforms in2001,public schools have steadily increased the amount of time devoted to preparing for standardized tests.The focus on academic skills and drills has cut deeply intoｒｅｃｅｓｓ（课间休息）and other time for free play.F)By2009,a study of Los Angeles kindergarten classrooms found that five⁃year⁃olds were soburdened with academic requirements that they were down to an average of just19minutes per day of choice time, when they were permitted to play freely with blocks,toys or other children.One in four Los Angeles teachers reported there was no time at all for free play. Increased academic pressures have left30percent of U.S.kindergarten classes without any recess.Such findings prompted the American Academy of Pediatrics to issue a policy statement in2013on the crucial role of recess in school.G)Pediatricians aren t the only ones who have noticed.In a report titled Crisis in the Kindergarten,a group of educators,health professionals and child advocates called the loss of play in earlychildhood a tragedy,both for the children themselves and for our nation and the world. Kids in play⁃based kindergartens end up equally good or better at reading and other intellectual skills, and they are more likely to become well⁃adjusted healthy people, the Alliance for Childhood said in2009.Indeed,new research demonstrates why playing with blocks might have been time better spent,Yogman said.The trial assessed the effectiveness of an early mathematicsｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ（干预）aimed at preschoolers.The results showed almost no gains in math achievement.H)Another playtime thief:the growing proportion of kids time spent in front of screens and digitaldevices,even among st year,Common Sense Media reported that children up through age eight spent an average of two hours and19minutes in front of screens each day, including an average of42minutes a day for those under two.This increase of digital use comes with rising risks of obesity,sleep deprivation andｃｏｇｎｉｔｉｖｅ（认知的）,language and social⁃emotional delays,the American Academy of Pediatrics warned in2016.４㊃６㊀I) I respect that parents have busy lives and it s easy to hand a child an iPhone, Yogman said. Butthere s a cost to that.For young children,it s much too passive.And kids really learn better when they re actively engaged and have to really discover things.J)The decline of play is a special hazard for the roughly1in5children in the United States who live in poverty.These14million children most urgently need to develop theｒｅｓｉｌｉｅｎｃｅ（韧劲）that is cultivated with play.Instead,Yogman said,they are disproportionately affected by some of the trends that are making play scarce:academic pressures at schools that need to improve test scores, outside play areas that are limited or unsafe,and parents who lack the time or energy to share in playtime.K)Yogman also worries about the pressures that squeeze playtime for more affluent kids. The notion that as parents we need to schedule every minute of their time is not doing them a great service, he said.Even well⁃meaning parents may be robbing them of the opportunity to have that joy of discovery and curiosity the opportunity to find things out on their own.L)Play may not be a hard sell to kids.But UCLA pediatrician Carlos Lerner acknowledged that the pediatricians new prescription may meet withｓｋｅｐｔｉｃｉｓｍ（怀疑）from parents,who are anxious for advice on how to give their kids a leg up in the world.They should welcome the simplicity of the message,Lerner said. It s liberating to be able to offer them this advice:that you spending time with your child and letting him play is one of the most valuable things you can do, he said. It doesn t have to involve spending a lot of money or time,or joining a parenting group.It s something we can offer that s achievable.They just don t recognize it right now as particularlyvaluable.36.Increased use of digital devices steals away children s playtime.37.Since the beginning of this century,an increasing amount of time has been shifted in publicschools from recess to academic activities.38.It has been acknowledged that while kids may welcome pediatricians recommendation,theirparents may doubt its feasibility.39.According to some professionals,deprivation of young children s playtime will do harm not onlyto children themselves but to the country and the world.40.By playing with children,parents can prevent them from being harmed by stress.４㊃７㊀41.Playing with digital devices discourages kids from active discovery,according to pediatrician Dr.Michael Yogman.42.The suggestion of letting children simply play may sound like going backwards to parents whowant to help build their children s skills.43.Dr.Michael Yogman believes the idea that parents should carefully schedule children s time maynot be helpful to their growth.44.One quarter of teachers in an American city said that children in kindergartens had no time forplaying freely.45.According to a pediatrician,no matter what kind of play children engage in,they are learning howto create things.ＳｅｃｔｉｏｎＣＤｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：Ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅ２ｐａｓｓａｇｅｓｉｎｔｈｉｓｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ．Ｅａｃｈｐａｓｓａｇｅｉｓｆｏｌｌｏｗｅｄｂｙｓｏｍｅｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓｏｒｕｎｆｉｎｉｓｈｅｄｓｔａｔｅｍｅｎｔｓ．ＦｏｒｅａｃｈｏｆｔｈｅｍｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｆｏｕｒｃｈｏｉｃｅｓｍａｒｋｅｄＡ），Ｂ），Ｃ）ａｎｄＤ）．ＹｏｕｓｈｏｕｌｄｄｅｃｉｄｅｏｎｔｈｅｂｅｓｔｃｈｏｉｃｅａｎｄｍａｒｋｔｈｅｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇｌｅｔｔｅｒｏｎＡｎｓｗｅｒＳｈｅｅｔ２ｗｉｔｈａｓｉｎｇｌｅｌｉｎｅｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｃｅｎｔｒｅ．ＰａｓｓａｇｅＯｎｅＱｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ４６ｔｏ５０ａｒｅｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｐａｓｓａｇｅ．Americans spend billions of dollars each year trying to change our weight with diets,gym memberships and plastic surgery.Trying to live up to the images of perfect models and movie heroes has a dark side:anxiety, depression,as well as unhealthy strategies for weight loss or muscle gain.It also has a financial cost. Having an eating disorder boosts annual health care costs by nearly US$2,000per person.Why is there both external and internal pressure to look perfect ?One reason is that society rewards people who are thin and healthy⁃looking.Researchers have shown that body mass index is related to wages and income.Especially for women,there is a clear penalty at work for being overweight or obese.Some studies have also found an impact for men,though a less noticeable one.While the research literature is clear that labor market success is partly based on how employers and customers perceive your body image,no one had explored the other side of the question.Does a person s own perception of body image matter to earnings and other indicators of success in the workplace?Our recently published study answered this question by tracking a large national random sample of Americans over a critical time period when bodies change from teenage shape into adult form and４㊃８㊀when people build their identities.As in other research,women in our sample tend to over⁃perceive weight they think they re heavier than they are while men tend to under⁃perceive theirs.We found no relationship between the average person s self⁃perception of weight and labor market outcomes,although self⁃perceived weight can influenceｓｅｌｆ⁃ｅｓｔｅｅｍ（自尊心）,mental health and health behaviors.While the continued gender penalty in the labor market is frustrating,our finding that misperceived weight does not harm workers is more heartening.Since employers perception of weight is what matters in the labor market,changing discrimination laws to include body type as a category would help.Michigan is the only state that prohibits discrimination on the basis of weight and height.We believe expanding such protections would make the labor market more fair and efficient.46.What does the author say may have an adverse impact on people?A)Undergoing plastic surgeries in pursuit of beauty.B)Imitating the lifestyles of heroes and role models.C)Striving to achieve perfection regardless of financial cost.D)Attempting to meet society s expectation of appearance.47.What have researchers found out about people s earnings?A)They are closely related to people s social status.B)They have to do with people s body weight and shape.C)They seem to matter much less to men than to women.D)They may not be equal to people s contributions.48.What does the author s recent study focus on?A)Previous literature on indicators of competitiveness in the workplace.B)Traits that matter most in one s pursuit of success in the labor market.C)Whether self⁃perception of body image impacts one s workplace success.D)How bosses perception of body image impacts employees advancement.49.What is the finding of the author s recent research?A)Being overweight actually does not do much harm to the overall well⁃being of employees.B)People are not adversely affected in the workplace by false self⁃perception of body weight.C)Self⁃esteem helps to combat gender inequality in the workplace.D)Gender inequality continues to frustrate a lot of female employees.４㊃９㊀50.What does the author think would help improve the situation in the labor market?A)Banning discrimination on the basis of employees body image.B)Expanding protection of women against gender discrimination.C)Helping employees change their own perception of beauty.D)Excluding body shape as a category in the labor contract.ＰａｓｓａｇｅＴｗｏＱｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ５１ｔｏ５５ａｒｅｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｐａｓｓａｇｅ．Work⁃life balance is dead.By this,I m not advocating that you should give up your quest to have a fulfilling career and a thriving personal life,and I am definitely not saying that you have to give up one to have the other.I also acknowledge that we have a work⁃life problem,but I m arguing that the concept of balance has never been helpful,because it s too limiting.You see,our language makes a difference,and how we refer to things matters because it affects our thinking and therefore our actions.At the minimum,most of us work because we want to be able to support ourselves,our families, and the people around us.In the ideal world,we re all doing work that we re proud of and that provides meaning and purpose to us.But even if your job doesn t give you shivers of joy with each new day,working is a part of what each of us does and the contribution we make to society.When you separate work and life,it s a little bit harder to make that connection.But when you think of work as part of a full life and a complete experience,it becomes easier to see that success in one aspect often supports another.Losing your balance and falling isn t pleasant.A goal to balance suggests that things could quickly get off balance,and that causes terrible outcomes.It s more constructive to think of solutions that continue to evolve over shifts in life and work.Rather than falling or failing,you may have good days or better days or not⁃so⁃good days.These variations are normal,and it s more useful to think of life as something that is ever evolving and changing,rather than a high⁃risk enterprise where things could go wrong with one misstep.How we talk to ourselves matters,and how we talk about issues makes a difference.Let s bury work⁃life balance and think bigger and better about work⁃life fulfillment to do a little less balancing and a lot more living.51.What does the author suggest by saying The work⁃life balance is dead ?A)The hope of achieving a thriving life is impossible to realize.B)The pursuit of a fulfilling career involves personal sacrifice.C)The imbalance between work and life simply doesn t exist anymore.D)The concept of work⁃life balance contributes little to a fulfilling life.４㊃１０㊀52.What does the author say about our use of language?A)It impacts how we think and behave.C)It reflects how we communicate.B)It changes with the passage of time.D)It differs from person to person.53.What does the author say we do in an ideal world?A)We do work that betters the lives of our families and friends.B)We do work that gives us bursts of joy each new day.C)We do meaningful work that contributes to society.D)We do demanding work that brings our capacity into full play.54.What does the author say about life?A)It is cyclical.C)It is fulfilling.B)It is dynamic.D)It is risky.55.What does the author advise us to do?A)Make life as simple as possible.C)Balance life and work in a new way.B)Talk about balance in simpler terms.D)Strive for a more fulfilling life.ＰａｒｔＩＶＴｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｏｎ(３０ｍｉｎｕｔｅｓ)Ｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：Ｆｏｒｔｈｉｓｐａｒｔ，ｙｏｕａｒｅａｌｌｏｗｅｄ３０ｍｉｎｕｔｅｓｔｏｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｅａｐａｓｓａｇｅｆｒｏｍＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｉｎｔｏＥｎｇｌｉｓｈ．ＹｏｕｓｈｏｕｌｄｗｒｉｔｅｙｏｕｒａｎｓｗｅｒｏｎＡｎｓｗｅｒＳｈｅｅｔ２．茅台（Moutai）是中国最有名的白酒，在新中国成立前夕，被选为国宴用酒㊂据说赤水沿岸的村民四千年前就开始酿造茅台㊂在西汉时期，那里的人们生产出了高质量的茅台，并把它贡给皇帝㊂自唐朝开始，这种地方酒通过海上丝绸之路运往海外㊂茅台味道柔和，有一种特殊的香味；适量饮用可以帮助缓解疲劳，有镇静作用，因而广受国内外消费者的喜爱㊂４㊃１１㊀答案ＰａｒｔＩ㊀Ｗｒｉｔｉｎｇ（见解析）ＰａｒｔＩＩ㊀ＬｉｓｔｅｎｉｎｇＣｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｏｎＳｅｃｔｉｏｎＡ1.A㊀㊀2.D㊀㊀3.C㊀㊀4.A㊀㊀5.B㊀㊀6.D㊀㊀7.BＳｅｃｔｉｏｎＢ8.A9.D10.B11.C12.C13.B14.A㊀㊀15.CＳｅｃｔｉｏｎＣ16.B17.A18.C19.A20.D21.D22.A㊀㊀23.B㊀㊀24.C㊀㊀25.CＰａｒｔＩＩＩ㊀ＲｅａｄｉｎｇＣｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｏｎＳｅｃｔｉｏｎＡ２６．Ｉ２７．Ｅ２８．Ｄ２９．Ｊ３０．Ｂ３１．Ｋ３２．Ｎ㊀㊀３３．Ｃ㊀㊀３４．Ｆ㊀㊀３５．ＧＳｅｃｔｉｏｎＢ３６．Ｈ３７．Ｅ３８．Ｌ３９．Ｇ４０．Ｄ４１．Ｉ４２．Ｃ㊀㊀４３．Ｋ㊀㊀４４．Ｆ㊀㊀４５．ＢＳｅｃｔｉｏｎＣ４６．Ｄ４７．Ｂ４８．Ｃ４９．Ｂ５０．Ａ５１．Ｄ５２．Ａ㊀㊀５３．Ｃ㊀㊀５４．Ｂ㊀㊀５５．ＤＰａｒｔＩＶ㊀Ｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｏｎ（见解析）㊀㊀。
大学英语四级考试真题与及答案(3套)
大学英语四级考试真题与及答案（第一套）Part I Writing （25 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy on how to besthandle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension （25 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather.B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother.2. A) By taking pictures for passers-by. C) By selling lemonade and pictures.B) By working part time at a hospital. D) By asking for help on social media.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction.B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles.C) Providing clean energy to five million people.D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel.4. A) They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements.B) They can be laid right on top of existing highways.C) They are only about half an inch thick.D) They are made from cheap materials.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research.B) The hazards from the desert. D) The lack of clues about the species.6. A) To observe the wildlife in the two national parks.B) To identify the reasons for the lions’ disappearance.C) To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia.D) To find evidence of the existence of the “lost lions”.7. A) Lions walking. C) Some camping facilities.B) Lions’ tracks. D) Traps set by local hunters.Section BDirections：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Her ‘lucky birthday’. C) Her wedding anniversary.B) A call from her dad. D) A special gift from the man.9. A) Gave her a big model plane. C) Took her on a trip overseas.B) Bought her a good necklace. D) Threw her a surprise party.10. A) The gift her husband has bought.B) The trip her husband has planned.C) What has been troubling her husband.D) What her husband and the man are up to.11. A) He will be glad to be a guide for the couple’s holiday trip.B) He will tell the women the secret if her husband agrees.C) He is eager to learn how the couple’s holiday turns out.D) He wants to find out about the couple’s holiday plan.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation.B) They see the importance of making compromises.C) They know when to adopt a tough attitude.D) They take the rival’s attitude into account.13. A) They know how to adapt. C) They know when to make compromises.B) They know when to stop. D) They know how to control their emotion.14. A) They are patient. C) They learn quickly.B) They are good at expression. D) They uphold their principles.15. A) Make clear one's intentions. C) Formulate one's strategy.B) Clarify items of negotiation. D) Get to know the other side.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) When America's earliest space program started.B) When the International Space Station was built.C) How many space shuttle missions there will be.D) How space research benefits people on Earth.17. A) They accurately calculated the speed of the orbiting shuttles.B) They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space.C) They tried to meet astronauts' specific requirements.D) They tried to make best use of the latest technology.18. A) They are extremely accurate. C) They were first made in space.B) They are expensive to make. D) They were invented in the 1970s.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) It was when her ancestors came to America.B) People had plenty of land to cultivate then.C) It marked the beginning of something new.D) Everything was natural and genuine then.20. A) They believed in working for goals. C) They had all kinds of entertainment.B) They enjoyed living a living a life of ease. D) They were known to be creative.21. A) Chatting with her ancestors. C) Polishing all the silver work.B) Furnishing her country house. D) Doing needlework by the fire.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Use a map to identify your location. C) Sit down and try to calm yourself.B) Call your family or friends for help. D) Try to follow your footprints back.23. A) You may find a way out without your knowing it.B) You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers.C) You may get drowned in a sudden flood.D) You may end up entering a wonderland.24. A) Look for food. C) Start a fire.B) Wait patiently. D) Walk uphill.25. A) Inform somebody of your plan. C) Check the local weather.B) Prepare enough food and drink. D) Find a map and a compass.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but these creatures have some 26 skills that could help the treatment of human diseases.Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 27 , but they are just the latest in a long line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despite having a brain no bigger than the 28 ofyour index finger, pigeons have a very impressive 29__ memory. Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as accurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in images.Rats are often 30 with spreading disease rather than 31 it, but this long-tailed animal is highly 32 . Inside a rat's nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory receptors （嗅觉感受器）, whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect __33 smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect TB（肺结核）. When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to 34 a sample is infected.Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days to 35 , but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection method doesn't rely on specialist equipment. It is also more accurate — the rats are able to find more TB infections and, therefore, save more lives.A) associated I) slightB) examine J) specifyC) indicate K) superiorD) nuisance L) suspiciousE) peak M) tipF) preventing N) treatedG) prohibiting O) visualH) sensitiveSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Do In-Class Exams Make Students Study Harder?Research suggests they may study more broadly for the unexpected rather than search for answers.[A] I have always been a poor test-taker. So it may seem rather strange that I have returned to college to finish the degree I left undone some four decades ago. I am making my way through Columbia University, surrounded by students who quickly supply the verbal answer while I am still processing the question.[B] Since there is no way for me to avoid exams, I am currently questioning what kind are the most taxing and ultimately beneficial. I have already sweated through numerous in-class midterms and finals, and now I have a professor who issues take-home ones. I was excited when I learned this, figuring I had a full week to do the research, read the texts, and write it all up. In fact, I was still rewriting my midterm the morning it was due. To say I had lost the thread is putting it mildly.[C] As I was suffering through my week of anxiety, overthinking the material and guessing my grasp of it, I did some of my own polling among students and professors. David Eisenbach, who teaches a popular class on U.S. presidents at Columbia, prefers the in-class variety. He believes students ultimately learn more and encourages them to form study groups. “That way they socialize over history outside the class, which wouldn’t happen without the pressure of an in-class exam,” he explained, “Furthermore, in-class exams force students to learn how to perform under pressure, and essential work skill.”[D] He also says there is less chance of cheating with the in-class variety. In 2012, 125 students at Harvard were caught up in a scandalwhen it was discovered they had cheated on a take-home exam for a class entitled “Introduction To Congress.” Some colleges have what they call an “honor code,” though if you are smart enough to get into these schools, you are either smart enough to get around any codes or hopefully, too ethical to consider doing so. As I sat blocked and clueless for two solid days, I momentarily wondered if I couldn’t just call an expert on the subject matter which I was tackling, or someone who took the class previously, to get me going.[E] Following the Harvard scandal, Mary Miller, the former dean of students at Yale, made an impassioned appeal to her school’s professors to refrain from take-hone exams. “Students risk health and well being, as well as performance in other end-of-term work, when faculty offerstake-home exams without clear, time-limited boundaries,” she told me. “Research now shows that regular quizzes, short essays, and other assignments over the course of a term better enhance learning and retention.”[F] Most college professors agree the kind of exam they choose largely depends on the subject. A quantitative-based one, for example, is unlikely to be sent home, where one could ask their older brothers and sisters to help. Vocational-type classes, such as computer science or journalism, on the other hand, are often more research-oriented and lend themselves to take-home testing. Chris Koch, who teaches “History of Broadcast Journalism” at Montgomery Community College in Rockville, Maryland, points out that reporting is about investigation rather than the memorization of minute details. “In my field, it’s not what you know—it’s what you know how to find out,” says Koch. “There is way too much information, and more coming all the time, for anyone toremember. I want my students to search out the answers to questions by using all the resources available to them.[G] Students’ test-form preferences vary, too, often depending on the subject and course difficulty. “I prefer take-home essays because it is then really about the writing, so you have time to edit and do more research,” says Elizabeth Dresser, a junior at Barnard. Then there is the stress factor. Francesca Haass, a senior at Middlebury, says, “I find thein-class ones are more stressful in the short term, but there is immediate relief as you swallow information like mad, and then you get to forget it all. Take-homes require thoughtful engagement which can lead to longer term stress as there is never a moment when the time is up.” Meanwhile, Olivia Rubin, a sophomore at Emory, says she hardly even considerstake-homes true exams. “If you understand the material and have the ability to articulate (说出) your thoughts, they should be a breeze.”[H] How students ultimately handle stress may depend on their personal test-taking abilities. There are people who always wait until the last minute, and make it much harder than it needs to be. And then there those who, not knowing what questions are coming at them, and having no resources to refer to, can freeze. And then there are we rare folks who fit both those descriptions.[I] Yes, my advanced age must factor into the equation (等式), in part because of my inability toaccess the information as quickly. As another returning student at Columbia, Kate Marber, toldme, “We are learning not only all this information, but essentially how to learn again. Ourfellow students have just come out of high school. A lot has changed since we were last inschool.”[J] If nothing else, the situation has given my college son and me something to share, When Iasked his opinion on this matter, he responded, “I like in-class exams because the time isalready reserved, as opposed to using my free time at home to work on a test,” he responded.It seems to me that a compromise would be receiving the exam questions a day or two inadvance, and then doing the actual test in class the ticking clock overhead.[K] Better yet, how about what one Hunter College professor reportedly did recently for her finalexam: She encouraged the class not to stress or even study, promising that, “It is going to be apiece of cake.” When the students came in, sharpened pencils in hand, there was not a bluebook in sight. Rather, they saw a large chocolate cake and they each were given a slice.36. Elderly students find it hard to keep up with the rapid changes in education.37. Some believe take-home exams may affect students' performance in other courses.38. Certain professors believe in-class exams are ultimately more helpful to students.39. In-class exams are believed to discourage cheating in exams.40. The author was happy to learn she could do some exams at home.41. Students who put off their work until the last moment often find the exams more difficult thanthey actually are.42. Different students may prefer different types of exams.43. Most professors agree whether to give an in-class or atake-home exam depends on type ofcourse being taught.44. The author dropped out of college some forty years ago.45. Some students think take-home exams will eat up their free time.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the “first-night”effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect.Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her towonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did.Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if theleft hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.46. What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect?A) To what extent it can trouble people. C) What circumstances may trigger it.B) What role it has played in evolution. D) In what way it can be beneficial.47. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research?A) She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.B) She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.C) She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphinsD) She conducted studies on birds’ and dolphins’ sleeping patterns.48. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?A) She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.B) She recruited 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences.C) She studied the differences between the two sides of participants’ brains.D) She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects.49. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?A) She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.B) She recorded participants’ adaptation to changed environment.C) She exposed her participants to two different stimuli.D) She compared the responses of different participants.50. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?A) They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.B) They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a threat.C) They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.D) They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.It’s time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work. Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life. It will only slow you down and hinder your career goals.Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling “very tired” or “exhausted”, according to a recent study.This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have children. It's also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home. One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying "no." Women want to be able todo it all volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals-and so their answer to any request is often “Yes, I can.”Women struggle to say “no” in the workplace for similar reasons, including the desire to be liked by their colleagues. Unfortunately, this inability to say "no" may be hurting women's heath as well as their career.At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they don't want to be viewed as aggressive or disruptive at work. For example, there’s a problem that needs to be addressed immediately, resulting in a dispute over should be the one to fix it. Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them most, whereas women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what's the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem-evenif that means doing the boring work themselves.This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a leadership position and who does not. Leaders have to be able to delegate and manage resources wisely – including staff expertise. Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, it may highlight your inability to delegate effectively.51. What does the author say is the problem with women?A) They are often unclear about the career goals to reach.B) They are usually more committed at home than on the job.C) They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go.D) They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.52. Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy?A) They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home.B) They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a result.C) They do their best to cooperate with their workmates.D) They are obliged to take up too many responsibilities.53. What may hinder the future prospects of career women?A) Their unwillingness to say “no”.B) Their desire to be considered powerful.C) An underestimate of their own ability.D) A lack of courage to face challenges.54. Men and woman differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that______.A) women tend to be easily satisfiedB) men are generally more persuasiveC) men tend to put their personal interests firstD) women are much more ready to compromise55. What is important to a good leader?A) A dominant personality. C) The courage to admit failureB) The ability to delegate. D) A strong sense of responsibility.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.华山位于华阴市，据西安120公里。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a shortessay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should writeat least 120 words following the outline given bellow:1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？2. 也会带来一些问题3. 你的看法？Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go overthe passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. Forquestions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the informationgiven in the passage.How Do You See Diversity?As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for someof the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed thatthe candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhatdisappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but thefact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so shedecided to offer the job to her second choice.“It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized theperson we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. Whatshe hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s“different”behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-Americanraised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown byaverting(避开) your eyes.“I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it wascultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss thatopportunity again.”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive asdifferent. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse,it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and toreexamine some of our false assumptions .Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming moredifficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from theprocess have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helpsorganizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estaterecruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference suchtraining can make .“During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops onsu pervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender.“I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce.“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .“He pati ently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on theChinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuminghe had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions ,and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture toculture .“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I couldlearn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees ,rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,” Dougadmits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learninghow to be more ‘inclusive’ to differences.A better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizationsinternally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customerservice representative show how an inclusive attitude can improvesales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . Oneof the best things my company has done is to contract with a languageservice that offers translations over the phone . It wasn’t until my bossreceived Mindsets’ training that she was able to understand how importantinclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base hasincreased .”Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard thestereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone .Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differencesand similarities . It is about building better communities andorganizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our sharedhumanity .When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think wehave learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends ,etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selvesto think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opensdoors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations andcommunities that benefit everyone.1. What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?A) He just wouldn’t look her in the eye.B) He was slow in answering her questions.C) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.D) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.2. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from _____.A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalizationaccording to the author?A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.D) Expanding domestic and international markets.4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that _____.A) He had hired the wrong person.B) He could have done more for his company.C) He had not managed his workforce well.D) He must get rid of his gender bias.6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.C) It helped him make fair decisions.D) It met participants’ di verse needs.7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee’srequest for leave?A) He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it downB) He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.8. Doug felt _____ when he realized that his assumption was wrong.9. After attending Mindsets’ workshops, the participants came to knowthe importance of _____ to their business.10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , wecan achieve diversity and benefit from the _____ between us.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 Minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questionswill be asked about what was said .Both the conversation and the questionswill be spoken only once .After each question there will be a pause .During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) She expected more people at her party.B) She enjoys entertaining small children .C) She threw a surprise party for her friendD) She has always enjoyed great popularity.12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place.B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.C) They are going to have a holiday.D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.13. A) He was pleased to get the medal. C) He used to be a firefighter.(B) He was very courageous. D) He was accused of causing a fire.14。