jack london
杰克伦敦[1] 3
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《野性的呼唤》中, 巴克经历人类的残暴和无情, 在艰难的自然环 境中完成了从一只无忧无虑的宠物到为生存而战的狼的回归。他 和人的情感也随着情节而起伏, 一开始依赖着主人而生活, 对主人 忠心耿耿, 对人类充满了信任;被偷走后开始遭受人的虐待, 渐渐激 发起心底的野性, 开始对人有了敌意; 在北方拉雪橇遭毒打时被救, 和他的恩人建立了真挚的感情; 可当他的朋友被杀后, 巴克替他报 了仇,与人类的关系也到此结束, 回到原野, 成为一只完完全全的狼。 在这个转变过程中, 可以清楚地发现环境对激发巴克体内的野性起 着重要作用。当他面对人们的棍棒时, 也曾困惑过, 可他很快就意 识到只有通过自己的力量才能获得生存空间。当他被愤怒激起的 野性让他在对方眼中看到了恐惧, 更使他的野性开始升腾。在寒冷 的北方, 为生存而战, 与其他狗进行厮打, 杀死对头史必兹后, 他祖先 留给他的狼的野性更为凸显。这时巴克表现出的人性只在与他所 深爱的主人的情感上, 而这份人性也随着主人的被杀而被埋藏在心 底深处, 他彻底地融入了荒野, 用狼的野性征服了荒野, 成为狼群的 头领。由此可看到, 温和的环境, 使动物的野性被隐藏, 他们对主人 的忠实和爱, 给主人的保护和取悦, 都体现出他们本性中的人性的 一面, 在这一点上甚至超出了某些人类; 而当环境的改变, 生存的欲 望会激发出原始的野性。
《热爱生命》 《海狼》 《白牙》
《马丁•伊登》
代表作
《铁蹄》 《亚当之前》
《野性的呼唤》
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我国对杰克· 伦敦及作品的介绍与翻译、研究工作起步于20世 纪20年代的新文化运动, 30年代达到高潮。《野性的呼唤》 是最先被翻译到中国的杰克· 伦敦的作品之一,作为他的成名作 和代表作在以后80余年的历史中被学者反复的翻译和研究,可 见它的重要性。 毛信德在《美国小说史纲》中认为杰克·伦敦《野性的呼唤》 的写作“显然是一种讽喻和影射的手法,目的在于通过动物世界 中‘人’性的沦丧和野性的复发以及它们之间的勾心斗角与残 酷争夺来揭示当时美国社会的现实本质。布克实际上正是那些 在资本主义社会中被拜金主义毒气吞噬了人的基本理性的受害 者的象征” 。王长荣在《现代美国小说史》中认为“《荒野的 呼唤》的创作,在内容和形式上实现了完美结合。它的主题是爱 的价值和按公平的规则比赛”,“巴克的驯化而服务于人类,以 及最后野性复归,逃回荒野成为狼,其决定条件无非是环境与条 件。这也是自然主义小说真谛所在。达尔文的进化论和自然选 择、适者生存的理论都生动的体现在《荒野的呼唤》的始终。
杰克伦敦
简介
杰克 · 伦敦，原名为约翰 · 格利菲斯 · 伦敦（ John Griffith London ），美国著名的现实主义作家，生 于旧金山。他在一个既无固定职业又无固定居所的 家庭中长大。 24 岁开始写作，去世时年仅 40 岁。从 1900 年起，他连续发表和出版了许多小说，讲述美 国下层人民的生活故事，揭露资本主义社会的罪恶。 他的作品大都带有浓厚的社会主义和个人主义色彩。 他的作品在全世界都广为流传，是最受中国读者欢 迎的外国作家之一。他一生著述颇丰， 16 年中留下 了19部长篇小说、150多篇短篇小说以及大量文学报 告集，还写了3个剧本以及相当多的随笔和论文。最 著名的有《马丁 · 伊登》、《野性的呼唤》、《白 牙》、《热爱生命》等小说。他是世界文学史上最 早的商业作家之一，因此被誉为商业作家的先锋。
“谷底一片潮湿，浓厚的苔藓，像海绵一样，紧贴 在水面上。他走一步，水就从他脚底下溅射出来，他 每次一提起脚，就会引起一种吧哑吧哑的声音，因为 潮湿的苔藓总是吸住他的脚，不肯放松。”
生动地将浓厚的苔藓比喻作海绵，为后一句话中所 描述的主人公在如此潮湿的环境艰难地跋涉埋下伏笔， 正是有前面提到的海绵，才会有后文生动的“吸”住 他的脚。
《热爱生命》
一个美国西部的淘金者在返回的途中在越过一条小河 时扭伤了脚腕，他的伙伴一一比尔无情地抛弃了他， 他独自在荒原上寻找着出路。脚伤让他每前进一步都 非常困难，更可怕的是难以忍受的饥饿。就在他的身 体非常虚弱的时候，他遇到了一只生病的狼。他发现 这只病狼跟在他的身后，舔着他的血迹尾随着他。就 这样，两个濒临死亡的生灵拖着垂死的身躯，在荒原 上互相猎取对方。为了活着回去、为了战胜这匹令他 作呕的病狼，最终在人与狼的战斗中人获得了胜利， 他咬死了狼，喝了狼的血。最终他获救了，使生命放 射出耀眼的光芒。
Jack London英文简介
Jack London英文简介杰克;伦敦，美国现实主义作家，一共写过19部长篇小说，150多篇短篇小说和故事，3部剧本等，下面是给大家整理的Jack London英文简介，供大家参阅!Jack London简介Jack London, formerly known as John Griffith London (January 12, 1876 - November 22, 1916), American realist writer. He has written 19 novels, more than 150 short stories and stories, 3 plays and so on. The main works are: novel collection "wolf's son", novella "wild call", "love life", "white teeth", novel "sea wolf", "iron hoof" and "Martin Eden" and so on.Jack London was born in 1876 in San Francisco, a bankrupt family of farmers. Because of family poverty, since childhood engaged in physical labor. When child labor, loading and unloading workers and sailors, and then wandering around the United States. Rely on labor income was admitted to the University of California at Berkeley, because of poverty was forced to drop out after joining Alaska and other gold rushranks. In the early years of the rough life experience for his later engaged in the creation of a rich source, his creative thinking is more complex, by Marx, Spencer, Nietzsche and other people influence, in his youth works, beating to the capitalism The pulse of social challenges, after the fame gradually into extreme individualism and emptiness, November 22, 1916 taking morphine over death.Jack London人物经历Early experienceJack London was born on January 12, 1876 in California, a bankrupt family of farmers. In childhood he had the taste of poverty and hardship. At the age of eight, in order to make a living, he had to go to a livestock farm as a shepherd. After the age of 10, he began in San Francisco near the city of Auckland when the newsboy, dock workers, sailors sailors, lin factory workers and so on. During this period, Jack London began to read a lot of novels and other books. At the age of 16, he was unemployed, had to wander in the eastern United States and Canada, living in the slums of the metropolis, and was "unemployed loitering" and arrested and imprisoned, a few months later to regain freedom.The poor and the lack of joy in childhood made Jack London mature early. Jack London had to work halfway fromthe age of 10, and whenever possible, he would spend his time reading. At the age of nine, Jack London has been familiar with the Washington Wales wrote the Spanish travel "Al Khan La". He also read some of the novels borrowed from the hired workers, what he caught at what. Jack London 11 years old left the ranch came to Auckland, in the free public library hungry to read the first book can be borrowed. Until 16 years old, he has been working - reading, reading - workmanship. Because the poor Jack London primary school after graduation to work, about 10 years old began to do newsboy and canned workers, in the street fighting in the training of a skill, became a small rogue head. His favorite activity is driving a vessel. At the age of 13, he had been driving the boat through the storm in the San Francisco Bay, others almost hard to believe, but that is the truth. Later, he saved a little money, bought a boat, the original is for fun, and soon after they met the ostrich thieves, they also do not like the cost of doing business. He gathered a group of companions, sailing to steal the San Francisco Bay farmer's oysters, and even burn someone else's boats. He fights alcoholism, laughs and races, and battles on hundreds of miles of sea. Soon he met the Bay Patrol, and vice versa to catch the oyster thieves.At the age of 17 he was on a hunting boat sailor, after North Korea, Japan, to the Bering Sea area to go hunting seals. On the way he passed the cold, storm, the most heavy hard labor training, participated in the hunting of various activities of the seal. Because from childhood in the Gulf to play the boat, he was a boat, in the age of the ship was small but won the praise of the owner and colleagues. But also because of the small beaten, able to participate in the sailors are the most brutal activities, so he paid a lot of friends, listening to many interesting and terrible stories. These are valuable materials of his ocean novels. "Sea Wolf" describes the rich life of the hunting seal ship is a wonderful example. The ocean life was so hard, but he did not forget to read, and when he returned to San Francisco Bay, he had finished the blessing of Lady Flattery and Tolstoy's Anna Card Lenina ".The road to literatureVoyage return to his own experience written as a prose "Japanese Haikou typhoon", participated in the "Voice" magazine writing contest, won the first prize, get twenty dollars (second, three are college students) The Jack London, who had only received primary education, showed his creative talents for the first time, thanks to hisusual hard work - he carefully read the excellent works of the literary masters and developed the habit of taking notes. Perhaps he is encouraged by this, embarked on the road of literature.At this time Jack London has been awakened from the early ignorance. He determined to master the most advanced technology: electrical, then to the Auckland tram company to job. He told the manager that he was willing to eat what he was trying to master. The manager allowed him to work for thirteen hours a day, without a Sunday, and he was tired and alive. Then he knew that there were actually two workers who had gone to work at the top of the day. The two men were $ 40 a month, eighty yuan, and he took thirty dollars a month. And a person who went to work by his top because there are three sons to feed, but can not for life, committed suicide. This is a very profound lesson for Jack London, he angrily threw out the hands of the coal shovel.The hard labor let him know a terrible truth: no matter how strong and strong, ten years, twenty years after there will always be more young and powerful people to take over him, threw him into the garbage heap.In 1904, he joined the unemployed team from SanFrancisco to Washington to petition the east coast. He was on the way for some reason out of the team, they steal the train in the North American wandering, with the car police, flight attendants hide and seek, travel around the country, as a pleasure. He was arrested and sentenced to thirty days of hard labor, witnessed the appalling reality of the American prison. After he was released, he steal the train to the west coast of Canada, and then from the sailor south, back to San Francisco. This special form of travel gave him a wealth of life experience, especially the experience of poor tramps. He understood the truth: the most concerned about the poor are often poor people.He has been interested in reading, even when doing Oyster thieves also read many books on his boat. He began to read a lot. He read the works of Saint Simon, Fourier, and Proudhon, and understood the evil of private property; he even read Marx's "communist manifesto" and understood how communism was going on.In order to study he was 19 years old when he entered the Auckland Middle School, ready to test university, while joining the Socialist Party. He attended the workers' rally, delivered a fierce speech, advocated the destruction of theexisting social order, and had been arrested. When he was studying at Auckland High School, he published the novel "Ogasawara Islands" in the school's newspaper, which lasted two months, so that he was more interested in literature. In 1897, 21-year-old Jack London entered the University of California at Berkeley (UC Berkeley), but after the shortage of funds from Berkeley dropped out of school.He had hoped to rely on labor for a living, continue to study, but found that it is almost a fantasy. He worked in a laundry workshop, tired and dead, there is no time and energy to study. In his reading dream on the brink of collapse, Alaska found the news of gold, brought him a new hope. In March 1897, Jack London set foot on the gold rush.He got a little support, and three companions prepared eight thousand pounds of material to prepare for the winter in the Crocker. They had overcome the difficulties before the arrival of the winter, and went through the Yukon River near the Arctic, where he spent the winter.On the way to the Yukon River Valley, London's clever craftsmanship gave a wonderful opportunity to perform. They cut their own wood, made two ships, along the YukonRiver downstream sailing. On the way they met a turbulent river, many people have tried to pass and fail, that the river is unable to cross the day of danger, but Jack London said he was sure to pass. He really and two companions driving a boat in the crowd of cheers in the Enron through the rapids, and then come back to drive the second boat. This caused a lot of dilemma of the attention of the gold rush, they continue to ask Jack to help the ship through the rapids. Jack London asked each boat for twenty-five dollars in remuneration, he at the helm, and partners together with a scattered wooden boat passing through the dangerous area. They made three thousand dollars for this. They could have earned five more, but they had no time, and they had to go downstream before the winter.He read many books in the winter camp of Yukon River, such as Darwin's "origin of species", Spencer's "primary principle", Marx's "capital theory", and Milton's "Paradise Lost" and Brown Ning's poem. These people in the "sea wolf" to see the sea wolf Larsen read, and Fan Weiden, Brewster discussed.Unfortunately, they did not have fresh fruit and vegetables,Jack London had scurvy, had to go home. He and his companions drove a ship, with 19 days to finish the 1900 miles range, came to the Bering Strait, from there to return to California. In this period of time he has sketched out some of the outline of the novel, and later wrote out for their own to win the immortal fame, but also to some of the people and the dog's story widely circulated, which will have "wild call "Rick the dog and some other people. After returning from Yukon, he had a little money and read many books. He read very hard, working 19 hours a day. He read economics, read history and historical writings, read biology, anthropology and philosophy, and read a lot of literary works. In his novel Martin Eden, the hero Martin Eden who saw a very hard study of this extremely hard life.Jack London's father died, in order to bear the family life, he began to odd jobs. When looking for work, Jack London wrote "down the river", but the manuscript to return to the. Waiting for the date of rejection, he wrote a twenty thousand outrageous serial novel, but also to return to the. Although the manuscripts were returned twice, Jack London was still out of time to write, continue to write new themes. Finally, "mainland magazine"published his first novel - "Cheers for the hurry", royalties only to the 5 yuan. Soon, "black cat" magazine and out of 40 yuan to write a novel, so, finally have a turn for the better.Transition journalistIn 1900, Jack London's first novel collection "The Wolves" was published, immediately for him to obtain a great reputation and considerable generous income. At the invitation of the American News Agency, he went to Africa to interview the Boer War, and in London, the news agency changed the way, calling him not. At that time he was in the United States as a sailor to the London slums lived for more than three months, deep into the life there, made a detailed investigation, made first-hand information, returned after the publication of the newspaper "people in the abyss" The This book made him famous among American socialists.In 1904 he accepted the Hearst newspaper hiring, to the Far East interview the news of the Russo-Japanese War. He came to Japan, saw the Japanese government deliberately retreating the intention of national journalists, they quietlywent to Nagasaki, would like to catch a ship to North Korea to the front, but the Japanese police as a Russian spy caught stand up. After the release he took a small motorboat to North Korea's Busan. There is no one hundred people on the motorboat food, can not shelter, only in the cold on the deck to sleep. To Busan he got a canopy boat, hired three non-English-speaking Koreans to help, on their own driving skills into the Yellow Sea, along the coast, in the cold forty degrees and the wind Sailed for six days and six nights, and finally arrived in Incheon. At this time he has been black and blue, feet, fingers and ears are frozen, but he took a break after the start again. This time he was riding a horse, for several weeks of horseback march took him to Pyongyang, it was already all the war correspondent can reach the most northern point. Where he was put into jail for the second time by the Japanese. After he was released from prison, he was only forty miles away from the front, from which there was a story and a lot of photos, completed the other journalists did not complete the task. He was again threatened with another arrest until he was intervened by the President of the United States. In the completion of the task of the interview, Jack repeatedly in the cold driving a canopy without sailing, soharsh life has a very personal experience. "Sea Wolf" has a vivid description of this life.Roaming the worldIn 1906, he decided to build a ship, driving himself around the world. He is expected to travel for seven years, a week around the earth, but he is not a good financial home, shipbuilding almost became a joke. That boat originally planned to spend seven thousand dollars, in fact, let him spend a few million, and a lot of problems. He can not wait, relied on his ability to sail on the departure, but he reluctantly to the ship to Hawaii, they had to start repair, after repair has been very difficult to open to Australia. The ship has been unable to move forward, he had to sell it to three thousand dollars low, the end of this time although the romantic but failed voyage.However, he still created amazing results in that voyage. He had driven the very bad boat from Hawaii to Massachusetts. At that time, the "Pacific Shipping Guide" pointed out that due to the impact of equatorial currents and trade winds, the currents were unusually complicated, and no one had ever traveled, but Jack London had driven a barely repaired ship through his death The Hewas infected with a strange disease on the way. In the "sea wolf" we read the tropical ocean and trade winds for the poetic description of the material, the material is about from here to get.DeathOn Tuesday, November 21, 1916, Jack London plans to go to New York the next day, and plans to take a long walk to see the Chicago tournament, buy some fine cattle, but that night he took excessive morphine death. There was a book on his desk, and he wrote some numbers of dollars. When he was suffering from uremia, but the doctor that the uremia as his death is not convincing. Then there are only two explanations: suicide, or the calculation of the wrong dose. From his daytime arrangements, not like suicide; but then the important dose calculation is also an error is also difficult to accept.Jack London英文简介。
Jack London杰克伦敦简介
Influence
London had always explored the true meaning of his life. His exploration spirit and his faith of never yielding to any pressure have been praised by many people
storyvividlyshowspersistencekeywords作家冒险生活死亡之谜二1904年报道日俄戓争乊后在旧金山报纸上发表黄祸一文1908年和1910年分别写了两部所谓小说中国佬和空前绝后的入侵以及其他涉及中国海外移民题材的白不眼泪等多篇作品
Jack London
Presented BY Jasmine
London was part of the radical literary group “The Crowd” in San Francisco and a passionate advocate of unionization（工会）, socialism, and the rights of workers. He wrote several powerful works dealing with these topics.
我宁愿是燃烧过后的灰烬也不愿为地上的灰尘! 我宁愿让点点星火猛烈燃烧殆尽也不愿任其干腐. 我宁愿做一闪而过的流星,让每一点碎片都擦出火光,也不愿做死寂的恒星. 人的职责是生活,而不是存在. 我不会浪费时间试图延长寿命. 但,我会用尽生命中的每一秒.
PPT模板下载：/moban/ 节日PPT模板：/jieri/ PPT背景图片：/beijing/ 优秀PPT下载：/xiazai/ Word教程： /word/ 资料下载：/ziliao/ 范文下载：/fanwen/ 教案下载：/jiaoan/
Jack London
• 它真实生动地描写了一个出身微贱的作家的艰难的奋斗道 路，表现了在资本主义制度下一个正直作家的坎坷命运。
• 其次，小说对资产阶级的体面人物作了细致的解剖和无情 的嘲讽。小说告诉人们，真正的野蛮人并不是马丁和他所 属的阶级，而恰恰是那些自诩为文明人的罗丝小姐和她的 父母摩丝夫妇等。
• 小说对个人主义也作了一定的批判。马丁为了赢得罗丝的 爱情，竟可以不顾一切。他离开自己的阶级和朋友，到头 来却发现是南柯一梦。他后来的悔恨、落寞、空虚、孤独 和自杀，实际上是对个人主义的怀疑和否定。
写作风格
他的作品独树一帜，充满筋肉暴突的生活和 阳刚之气。有人说在他之前的美国小说大都是 为姑娘们写的，而他的作品则属于全体读者， 不但普通读者欢迎，就是大家闺秀们也喜欢放 下窗帘关上大门偷偷去品味他那精力旺盛、气 势逼人的作品。火一样的性格——杰克·伦敦就 是这样的性格。他血管里有火，生气勃勃，喜 欢粗犷强烈的生活，他喜欢叱咤风云，每每参 加斗争常要斗争到极限。他把冒险里的困难当 做享受，把拓荒中的遭遇当作欢乐。
• 他升起一蓬火，喝了几罐热水让自己暖和 暖和、并且照昨天晚上那样在一块岩石上 露宿。最后他检查了一下火柴是不是干燥， 并且上好表的发条，毯子又湿又冷，脚腕 子疼得在悸动。可是他只有饿的感觉，在 不安的睡眠里，他梦见了一桌桌酒席和一 次次宴会，以及各种各样的摆在桌上的食 物。
•
时光渐渐消逝，他走进了连绵的山谷，或者说是沼
• 于是，他变成了一名海盗，同时也是海湾上最出 名、最强大的劫蚝贼，并出乎意料地承受了被他 的蓝眼睛、卷头发及俊秀的面孔迷住的十六岁的 “蚝贼皇后”梅迈。他一夜的收入抵得上罐头厂 三个月的收入。他还了债，养活了家庭。他结交 了警官，使他不怕犯了法。杰克学会了喝生威士 忌，与海盗们狂欢。但他狂欢过后，便钻进船长 室，被麦尔维尔、吉卜林、左拉、萧伯纳的新版 小说重新振作起来。他玩起了警盗游戏，没过多 久又反过来当巡警。他爱过许多女人，做过很多 工作，体验了生活的五光十色，到了安定下来的 时候了。他的母亲劝他参加《呼声》杂志的论文 竞赛。他依靠《日本口岸外的台风》获得了一等 奖二十元。《呼声》称，杰克具有强烈的理解力 与表现力。这给了杰克写作的动力。
Jack London 简介
Jack London
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(born John Griffith Chaney, January 12, 1876 – November 22, 1916), was an American author, journalist, and social activist. • He was a pioneer in the then-burgeoning world of commercial magazine fiction and was one of the first fiction writers to obtain worldwide celebrity and a large fortune from his fiction alone.
• Then only two explanations: suicide, or calculation errors. Arrangements during the day from his point of view, not a suicide; but it is difficult for people to accept the very important medication calculation errors
• He gave his life to create a volume of about 50 works, most famous for "Call of the Wild," "Sea Wolf" and "White Fang," "Martin Eden" and a series of excellent short story "Love of Life", “Old Man Alliance", "Northern The Odyssey, "" Ma Puxi the house, "" Silence of the snow, "and so on.
Jack London： Life Is a Journey
Jack London： Life Is a Journey
作者：
来源：《疯狂英语·初中版》2017年第04期
杰克·伦敦是美国著名的现实主义作家；他的作品语言质朴，情节富有戏剧性；他常常将笔下人物置于极端严酷、生死攸关的环境下，以此展露人性中最深刻、最真实的品格。
他笔下那“严酷的真实”常常让读者感受到强烈的心灵震撼。
他的创作生涯虽然只有短短的十几年，却给世人留下了许多文化瑰宝。
他的作品不仅在美国本土广泛流传，还受到了世界各国人民的欢迎。
参考译文
杰克·伦敦1876年生于美国加利福尼亚州的旧金山。
他的童年或许并不安逸，但却是丰富多彩的，并且很可能为他后来的写作提供了不少丰富的素材。
他的家庭生活拮据，所以在他读完初中后，他只得靠打工来养活自己。
他年轻时的大部分时间在海滨区域度过，不断地更换工作。
但杰克·伦敦并不囿于现状。
他对世界的好奇，以及对冒险的渴望，驱使他广泛阅读。
他只要一有空就会读书，成为了当地公共图书馆的常客。
他的眼界因此变得更加开阔，也开始越走越远。
1897年，在游历完加拿大的育空地区后，他开始正式地投入到写作中去。
他的作品得到了认可，并开始出版。
一些读者被他的荒野探险故事深深吸引。
他的一些经典作品如《野性的呼唤》《白牙》等，反映了他自身在荒野经历过的那些残酷、生死攸关的遭遇。
杰克·伦敦是一位多产的作家，创作了好几百篇短篇故事、文章、散文和小说。
他的许多作品，包括他的小说，如今都被世人奉为经典佳作。
Jack London杰克伦敦及其作品介绍
Central character
• Buck
• A domesticated dog living at a ranch in California as the story opens
• The War of the Classes (1905) • Revolution, and other Essays (1906)
Works
• Short story collections (21) • Novels (23) • Autobiographical memoirs (2) • Non-fiction and essays (23) • Plays (3) • Poetry (45)
Literary position
• American author, journalist, and social activist
• One of the first fiction writers to obtain worldwide celebrity and a large fortune from his fiction alone
• To Build a Fire (1902), best known • Love of life
• Science fiction
• The Unparalleled Invasion describes germ warfare
against China
Novels
• Human beings in nature
• Klondike Gold Rush (21)
• the setting for some of his first successful stories
杰克伦敦资料
那时正是美国大萧条的1904年，他参加了从旧金山到华盛 顿去请愿的失业者队伍，向东海岸进发。他途中因故脱离 了队伍，便偷乘火车在北美大陆流浪，跟车警、乘务员捉 迷藏，周游全国，以此为乐。他曾经被捕，罚作了三十天 苦役，亲眼见到了美国监狱里骇人听闻的现实。出狱后他 偷乘西去的列车到了加拿大西海岸，再从那做水手南下， 回到旧金山。这次特别形式的旅游给了他丰富的人生体验， 尤其是贫困的流浪汉的体验。他明白了一个道理：最能够 关心穷苦人的往往是穷苦人。他对读书一直就有兴趣，就 连在做蚝贼时也在他的小艇上读过许多书。流浪归来他开 始大量阅读。他读过圣西门、傅立叶、蒲鲁东的作品，明 白了私有财产的罪恶；他甚至读马克思的《共产主义宣 言》，大体懂得了共产主义是怎么回事。为了读书他十九 岁时进了奥克兰中学，准备考大学，同时加入了社会党。 他参加工人集会，发表激烈的演说，主张破坏现有的社会 秩序，并曾经因此被捕。在奥克兰中学读书时他在学校的 报纸上发表了小说《小笠原群岛》，连载了两个月，这样， 他从事文12日出生在美国加利福尼亚州一个 破产的农民家庭。童年时的他就已饱尝了贫穷困苦的滋味。 8岁的时候，为了谋生，他不得不到一个畜牧场当牧童。 10岁以后，他开始在旧金山附近的奥克兰市当报童、码头 小工、帆船水手、麻织厂工人等。这期间，杰克·伦敦开始 阅读大量的小说和其他读物。16岁时，他失业了，不得不 在美国东部和加拿大各地流浪，住在大都市的贫民窟里， 并曾以“无业游荡罪”而被捕入狱，几个月以后才重获自 由。
杰克 伦敦 (Jack London)
人物介绍
杰克·伦敦，原名为约翰·格利菲斯·伦敦（John Griffith London），美国著名的现实主义作家，生于 旧金山。20世纪初西方辱华作家的急先锋。他在一 个既无固定职业又无固定居所的家庭中长大。24岁 开始写作，去世时年仅40岁。从1900年起，他连续 发表和出版了许多小说，讲述美国下层人民的生活 故事，揭露资本主义社会的罪恶。他的作品大都带 有浓厚的社会主义和个人主义色彩。他的作品在全 世界都广为流传，是最受中国读者欢迎的外国作家 之一。他一生著述颇丰，16年中留下了19部长篇小 说、150多篇短篇小说以及大量文学报告集，还写了 3个剧本以及相当多的随笔和论文。最著名的有《马 丁 伊登》、《野性的呼唤》、《白牙》、《热爱生 命》等小说。他是世界文学史上最早的商业作家之 一，因此被誉为商业作家的先锋。
杰克伦敦
马丁·伊登 马丁 伊登是个出身低微的水手，出于偶然结识了上层小 伊登 姐露丝。马丁自惭形秽，发奋求学，并产生了强烈的创作 欲，于是走上了文学写作的道路。但是出版界对他的作品 一概拒之门外，露丝也对他大泼冷水。马丁却并不气馁。 露丝因阶级观念的差别与马丁在人生观上越来越格格不入， 便与马丁分手了。 这时命运开始眷顾马丁了。他的作品突然受到出版界 的青睐，各大出版商争相出版他的作品，甚至连以前的东 西也变得洛阳纸贵。上流社会头面人物纷纷主动与他相交， 露丝也表示要重续前情，甚至愿意委身于他。然而,上流 社会并没有真正接纳马丁,只是出于人云亦云的盲从。好 友的死以及对生活感到极大的空虚、对生命意义的迷惘让 马丁选择了跳海而死.
那上面 摆着一排排的硬面包，褥子也给硬面包塞得满 满的；每一个角落里都塞满了硬面包。然 而他的神志非常清醒。他是在防备可能发生的 另一次饥荒——就是这么回事。研究科学 的人说，他会恢复常态的；事实也是如此。
马丁伊登
让我此生在热血沸腾中度过！让我沉醉在醇酒 般的梦里，莫使我这泥塑的肉身，眼见着终以 空虚的躯壳毁于尘泥！
《嘉莉妹妹》 嘉莉妹妹》
美貌天真的农村姑娘嘉莉妹妹羡慕大城市的物质生活， 来到芝加哥做女工，每天工作得筋疲力尽，依然不够 维持日常开销。为生活所迫、也为了获得她一直梦想 的富裕生活，她当了一个年轻的推销员杜洛埃的情妇。 后来，酒店经理赫斯渥爱上了她，他从酒店的保险柜 里偷走了一万元，带她一起逃到纽约。二人同居后， 赫斯渥运气不佳，找工作四处碰壁，穷困潦倒。嘉莉 离开他，由于偶然的机会成了名演员。最后，赫斯渥 在乞丐收容所里结束了自己的生命。嘉莉虽然春风得 意，有了金钱和地位，但仍然惆怅空虚，坐在摇椅里， “梦想着永远不会感得的幸福”。
铁蹄
政治幻想小说 大同世界 革命英雄——埃弗哈德 ，社会主义者
杰克·伦敦——美国现实主义作家
杰克·伦敦——美国现实主义作家杰克·伦敦介绍中文名：杰克·伦敦外文名：Jack London别名：约翰·格利菲斯·伦敦国籍：美国出生地：旧金山出生日期：1876年1月12日逝世日期：1916年11月22日职业：作家毕业院校：加州大学伯克利分校(肄业)代表作品：《野性的呼唤》，《海狼》，《白牙》，《马丁·伊登》，《热爱生命》杰克·伦敦(Jack London，1876年1月12日-1916年11月22日)，原名约翰·格利菲斯·伦敦(John Griffith London)，美国现实主义作家。
他一共写过19部长篇小说，150多篇短篇小说和故事，3部剧本等。
主要作品有：小说集《狼的儿子》，中篇小说《野性的呼唤》、《热爱生命》、《白牙》，长篇小说《海狼》、《铁蹄》和《马丁·伊登》等。
杰克·伦敦1876年生于旧金山一个破产农民的家庭。
因家境贫困，自幼从事体力劳动.当过童工，装卸工和水手等，后又在美国各地流浪。
靠劳动所得曾进加州大学伯克利分校学习，因贫困被迫退学后加入过阿拉斯加等地淘金者的行列。
早年坎坷的生活经历为他后来从事创作提供了丰富的源泉，他的创作思想较为复杂，受到过马克思、斯宾塞、尼采等多人影响，在他青年时代的作品中，跳动着向资本主义社会挑战的脉搏，成名后逐渐陷入极端个人主义和空虚中。
1916年11月22日，杰克·伦敦服用吗啡过量身亡，年仅40岁。
人物经历早年经历杰克·伦敦于1876年1月12日出生在美国加利福尼亚州一个破产的农民家庭。
童年时的他就已饱尝了贫穷困苦的滋味。
8岁的时候，为了谋生，他不得不到一个畜牧场当牧童。
10岁以后，他开始在旧金山附近的奥克兰市当报童、码头小工、帆船水手、麻织厂工人等。
这期间，杰克·伦敦开始阅读大量的小说和其他读物。
16岁时，他失业了，不得不在美国东部和加拿大各地流浪，住在大都市的贫民窟里，并曾以“无业游荡罪”而被捕入狱，几个月以后才重获自由。
杰克伦敦的作品
杰克伦敦的作品
杰克伦敦（Jack London）是20世纪著名的美国作家，其作品以描写自然、冒险和社会现实主义著称。
他的作品广泛涉及自然主题，包括北方的冰雪世界、森林和海洋等。
同时，他也关注社会问题，探讨人类的本性和社会制度。
以下将介绍几部杰克伦敦的代表作品。
1.《野性的呼唤》
《野性的呼唤》是杰克伦敦最知名的作品之一。
这部小说以一只狗的视角展示了在阿拉斯加野外生存的挑战和残酷。
故事讲述了一只名叫白牙的狼狗，它在人类社会和野外生活之间游走，最终找到自我和归属的故事。
2.《马丁•伊登》
《马丁•伊登》是杰克伦敦的一部自传体小说。
讲述了一个叫马丁•伊登的普通年轻人，他在追求自我认知和理想的过程中经历了痛苦与困惑。
小说反映了作者对社会现实的批判和对自我价值的思考。
3.《南海的震荡》
《南海的震荡》是一部描写人与自然抗争的冒险小说。
故事讲述了一支船员在南海的冒险旅程中遭遇风暴、海盗等种种困难，展现了人类在自然面前的渺小和无奈，同时也体现了人类的顽强和勇气。
结语
杰克伦敦以其对自然和社会的深刻洞察，以及对人性与命运的思考而闻名。
他的作品质朴真挚，富含对人类生存状态的探讨与揭示。
通过阅读杰克伦敦的作品，读者可以体会到自然的壮丽、社会的残酷，以及人类内心的挣扎与追求。
杰克·伦敦作品中的自然主义思潮
杰克·伦敦作品中的自然主义思潮一、引言杰克·伦敦（Jack London）是美国著名作家，他在20世纪初期的文学领域占据重要地位。
伦敦的作品以描绘大自然和野外生活为特点，在其中融入了强烈的自然主义思潮。
本文将详细探讨杰克·伦敦作品中体现的自然主义思想，从其作品的题材、人物塑造等方面进行分析。
二、背景介绍自然主义是19世纪末到20世纪初欧美文学中的一股重要思潮，其核心理念是认为人类受到生物决定论和环境影响的支配。
这种思潮强调灵活运用科学手法来观察、分析并揭示客观真实。
三、杰克·伦敦作品中的题材1.自然环境描写：伦敦经常以壮丽而残酷的野外环境为背景，如雪山、森林等。
2.劳动者与环境关系：他深入探索劳动者与严酷环境之间的互动，揭示自然力量对人的影响。
3.人类与动物关系：伦敦关注人与动物之间的交互作用，通过他的作品呼吁保护自然界。
四、杰克·伦敦作品中的人物塑造1.劳动者形象：伦敦常塑造出坚毅而勇敢的劳动者形象，在面临困境时展现出顽强拼搏的精神。
2.动物角色：他灵活运用了许多动物角色来传递自己的观点和情感，这些角色常具有智慧、忠诚等特质。
五、对社会现实的反思杰克·伦敦通过揭示自然主义思想，深刻反映了社会现实。
他强调生存竞争和环境对个体发展和命运带来重大影响。
六、结论杰克·伦敦作品中的自然主义思潮在描述大自然环境和探索人类命运等方面起到了重要作用。
他以真实而残酷的方式描绘出生命在大自然面前脆弱而坚韧的一面，极限的环境挑战和生存竞争中所展现出的劳动者的高尚品质也深深触动着读者。
通过对杰克·伦敦作品中自然主义思潮的分析，我们不仅能够更好地理解他的文学成就，同时也能够更加深入地探讨自然主义在当代文学中的影响与意义。
杰克·伦敦
社会评价： • 美国传记小说家欧文· 斯通在他的《马背上的水手》里 称他是美国无产阶级文学之父。 • 他的作品独树一帜，充满筋肉暴突的生活和阳刚之气， 最受男子汉的欢迎。有人说在他之前的美国小说大都是 为姑娘们写的，而他的作品则属于全体读者。
Hale Waihona Puke 作品介绍《海狼》 • 讲述了一艘渡船在旧金山海湾失事沉没，作家 Hamphrey（亨甫莱）溺水后被猎捕海豹的帆船“魔鬼 号”救起。“魔鬼号”船主Larsen（莱森）绰号“海 狼”，凶横残暴。他强迫亨甫莱留在船上做杂役。帆船 航行途中，救起因邮船失事而漂流在海上的女作家 Maud Brewster（莫德）。她和亨甫莱一见如故。一天， 两人驾一条舢舨逃走，登上一座冰封的小岛。不久， “魔鬼号”上的水手全部背叛“海狼”。“海狼”病发 失明，随船漂流到岛上。亨甫莱和莫德修好损坏的“魔 鬼号”，为病逝的“海狼”举行海葬，扬帆向故国驶去。
主要作品： • 1899年，他的第一篇小说《给猎人》得以发表，但反响不大。 • 1900年，他发表了第一部短篇小说集《狼的儿子》（The Son of the Wolf）。这部短篇小说集为他赢得了广大的读者。 • 1901年，他发表了短篇小说集《神父们的上帝》。 • 1902年，发表了《冷地子民》。 • 1903年，他写下了美国文学史上的经典之作《野性的呼唤》。 • 1906年，他写下了小说《白牙》、《亚当之前》和《热爱生 命》。 • 1907年，他发表了政治幻想小说《铁蹄》。 • 1909年，他发表了半自传体小说《马丁· 伊登》。 • 1910年，他在加利福尼亚州格林埃林地区附近的牧场定居，并 在那里建造了豪华住宅“狼居”；同年，他完成了小说《天大 亮》。 • 1911年，他写下了小说《史纳克号之航》、《南海故事传奇》。 • 1913年，“狼居”被焚；写下《约翰· 巴雷康》、《月谷》、 《墨西哥人》等小说
杰克 伦敦
那时正是美国大萧条的1904年，他参加了从旧金山到华盛 顿去请愿的失业者队伍，向东海岸迚发。他途中因敀脱离 了队伍，便偷乘火车在北美大陆流浪，跟车警、乘务员捉 迷藏，周游全国，以此为乐。他曾经被捕，罚作了三十天 苦役，亲眼见到了美国监狱里骇人听闻的现实。出狱后他 偷乘西去的列车到了加拿大西海岸，再从那做水手南下， 回到旧金山。这次特别形式的旅游给了他丰富的人生体验， 尤其是贫困的流浪汉的体验。他明白了一个道理：最能够 兲心穷苦人的往往是穷苦人。他对读书一直就有关趣，就 连在做蚝贼时也在他的小艇上读过许多书。流浪归来他开 始大量阅读。他读过圣西门、傅立叶、蒲鲁东的作品，明 白了私有财产的罪恶；他甚至读马兊思的《共产主义宣 言》，大体懂得了共产主义是怎么回亊。为了读书他十九 岁时迚了奥兊兰中学，准备考大学，同时加入了社会党。 他参加工人集会，发表激烈的演说，主张破坏现有的社会 秩序，幵曾经因此被捕。在奥兊兰中学读书时他在学校的 报纸上发表了小说《小笠原群岛》，连载了两个月，这样， 他从亊文学的关趣更浓厚了。
角度一理论依据
逆境给人宝贵的磨炼机会，只有经得起环境考验的人,才能算 是真正的强者。自古以来的伟人,大多是抱着不屈不挠的精神, 从逆境中挣扎奋斗过来的。 ——松下并乊助 逆境展示奇才，顺境隐没英才。——霍勒斯 人的生命似洪水在奔流，不遇着岛屿、暗礁，难以激起美 丼的浪花。——奥斯特洛夫斯基
角度事：丰富的人生经历
这时杰兊·伦敤已经誉满全国，有了丰厚的经济收入，但他仍不 满足于平静的生活。1906年，他决定建造一艘船，自己驾着去环 游世界。他预计旅行丂年，绕地球一周，可他幵不是一个好理财 家，造船活动几乎成了个笑话。那船原计划花丂千元，实际上让 他多花了好几七元，而且毛病很多。他不能够再等待，仗着自己 驾船的本领就出发了，可他勉强把船驾到了夏威夷，便不得不开 始修理，修好后有很吃力地开到了澳大利亚。那船已经无法在前 迚，他便只好把它以三千元的低价卖掉，结束这次虽然浪漫却失 败的航行。但是，他在那次航行里仍然创造了惊人的成绩。他曾 经驾驶那艘蹩脚至枀的船从夏威夷直航马兊萨斯。当时的《太平 洋航运指南》指出，由于赤道海流和贸易风的影响，那一带海流 异常复杂，从来没有人胜利驾船通过，但是杰兊·伦敤却驾驶了 一艘勉强修复的船经过九死一生闯了过去。他在途中染上了一身 怪病。在《海狼》里我们读到的对于热带海洋和贸易风的很富诗 意的描写，其素生活素材大约便是从这里获得的。
jack london ppt全面版
Martin Eden
Social class - and Eden's perceptions of it - is a very important theme in the novel. Eden is a sailor from a working class background, who feels uncomfortable but inspired when he first meets the bourgeois Morse family. Spurred on by his love for Ruth Morse, he embarks on a program of self-education, with the aim of becoming a renowned writer and winning Ruth's hand in marriage. As his education progresses, Eden finds himself increasingly distanced from his working class background and surroundings. Eventually, when Eden finds that his education has far surpassed that of the bourgeoisie he looked up to, he finds himself more isolated than ever.
hero).
bourgeois family, a union Novelist, journalist, short story writer and essayist
Theme : Civilization vs.
《野性的呼唤》
作品影响与地位
《野性的呼唤》是杰克·伦敦最著名、最受读者欢迎的小说之一，被视为现代文学 中的经典之作。
该作品不仅在文学领域有着重要的地位，还对后来的电影、电视等媒体产生了深 远的影响。同时，它也深刻反映了人类与自然的关系，以及生命的本质和意义等 问题。
02
故事情节
主要人物介绍
01
巴克
一条黄金犬，故事的主人公，经历从驯服到野性的转变。
2023
《野性的呼唤》
汇报人：
目 录
• 简介 • 故事情节 • 人物分析 • 艺术特色 • 作品评价与影响 • 结语
01
简介
作者及生平
杰克·伦敦（Jack London）是一位美国作家，出生于1876年 ，逝世于1916年。他的一生充满着奋斗与探索，作品涉及多 个领域，包括小说、散文、随笔等。
05
作品评价与影响
文学价值与社会意义
文学价值
该作品以其细腻的描绘和深刻的情感，展现了人与自然、文 明与野性的冲突与融合，是杰克·伦敦的代表作之一，对美国 文学产生了深远影响。
社会意义
作品所揭示的人与自然的关系及社会现实，对当代社会具有 深刻的启示意义，引导人们重新审视人与自然的关系，关爱 自然，珍惜环境。
聪明且狡猾
巴克是一个非常聪明的角色，他 能够利用自己的智慧和狡猾来获 得自己的利益。
巴克的内心世界
对自由的渴望
巴克内心深处渴望自由，他不断努力挣脱束缚，追求自由的生活。
对过去的怀念
巴克对过去的生活有着深深的怀念，他不断回忆过去的生活，与过去的经历产生共鸣。
对未来的憧憬
巴克对未来充满希望和憧憬，他不断努力向着自己的目标前进。
语言风格
生动形象
jack london 的a story of an eyewitness 赏读
jack london 的a story of an eyewitness 赏读在阅读Jack London的《一个目击者的故事》时，我们被引导进入一个真实而引人入胜的世界，这个世界充满了惊心动魄的冒险和人生的启示。
这个标题“一个目击者的故事”明确地告诉我们，这是一个由一个亲眼见证事件的人所讲述的故事。
首先，我们来解释一下标题的含义。
在故事中，Jack London以第一人称的角度，通过自己的亲身经历，讲述了一个目击者所看到的场景和事件。
这个标题既表达了故事的真实性，也强调了故事的重要性，因为它揭示了事件背后的真相和意义。
接下来，我们来看一下这个标题的作用。
首先，它引发了读者的好奇心。
读者会想：“目击者看到了什么？这个事件有什么意义？”其次，它明确了故事的主旨，让读者能够快速地理解故事的内容和主题。
最后，这个标题还提供了一种引人入胜的叙述方式，让读者感到他们正在与一个亲眼见证事件的人一起经历这个故事。
在故事中，Jack London描述了他作为一个目击者在事件发生时的感受和经历。
他讲述了他在一个灾难性事件中的反应，以及他如何从这次经历中学习并成长。
这个故事展示了Jack London作为一个作家的才华，他能够将一个普通的事件描绘得如此生动和感人。
通过阅读这个故事，我们可以得到很多启示。
首先，我们认识到亲眼见证事件的重要性。
这不仅可以帮助我们了解真相，还可以让我们更好地理解自己和周围的世界。
其次，我们意识到每个人都可以从经历中学习并成长。
无论是一个小事件还是一个大灾难，我们都可以从中汲取教训并成长。
最后，这个故事也提醒我们，我们应该珍惜生命中的每一个时刻，因为它们可能会成为我们成长和学习的机会。
总的来说，Jack London的《一个目击者的故事》是一个引人入胜的故事，它通过一个真实的事件展示了作者的写作技巧和人生观。
这个标题准确地传达了故事的真实性和重要性，同时也激发了读者的好奇心和兴趣。
通过阅读这个故事，我们可以得到很多启示，并更好地理解自己和周围的世界。
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Occupation Novelist, journalist, short story writer and essayist
Literary
Realism and Naturalism
movement
Jack London
Jack London was an American author, journalist, and social activist.
Jack London
His stories involve the primitive struggle of strong and weak individuals in the context of irresistible natural forces such as the wild sea or the arctic wastes.
The Call of the Wild
Theme : Civilization vs. the Wild
The main conflict in The Call of the Wild is the
struggle between civilization and the wild. The novel traces Buck's gradual transformation from a domesticated dog to a wild one.Buck has to learn to adapt to an entirely new way of life and code of conduct in order to survive. He must give up his life of leisure and his trusting nature. He learns "the law of the club and fang," meaning that those who have the greatest physical strength are the rulers. The chain of command is comprised of men with clubs.
He embraces the hopeful socialism of Marx on the one hand anf the rather dark view of Nietzsche and Darwinism on the other.He believes the inevitable triumph of the stronget individuals .
Jack London
Notable Novels
The Call of the Wild (1903) 《野性的呼唤》 The Sea-Wolf (1904) 《海狼》 Martin Eden (1909) 《马丁·伊登》
White Fang (1906) 《白牙》 The Iron Heel (1908) 《铁蹄》
Just before thMe laitretrianryEedsetnablishment discovers
Eden’s talents as a writer and lavishes him with the fame and fortune that he had incessantly promised Ruth (for the last two years) would come, she loses her patience and rejects him in a wistful letter: "if only you had settled down…and attempted to make something of yourself." When the publishers and the bourgeois - the very ones who shunned him - are finally at his feet, Martin has already begrudged them and become jaded by unrequited toil and love. Instead of enjoying his success, Eden retreats into a quiet indifference, only interrupted to mentally rail against the genteelness of bourgeois society or to donate his new wealth to working class friends and family.
Jack London believed in Herbert Spencer's theory of "survival of the fittest," which means basically that an organism or group that is better suited to an environment will have a better chance for survival than an animal or group that is less suited.
The Literature of RealismJacFra bibliotek London
Jack London (杰克·伦敦)(1876 –1916)
Born
1876 San Francisco, California
United States
Died
1916 (aged 40) Glen Ellen, California
Martin Eden
Plot summary Living in Oakland at the dawn of the 20th century,
Martin Eden struggles to rise far above his destitute circumstances through an intense and passionate pursuit of self-education in order to achieve a coveted place among the literary elite. The main driving force behind Martin Eden's efforts is his love for Ruth Morse. Because Eden is a rough, uneducated sailor from a working class background,and the Morses are a bourgeois family, a union between them would be impossible until he reaches their level of wealth and perceived cultural, intellectual refinement.