计算机专业英语
计算机专业英语
计算机基础知识computer n.电脑，电子计算机arithmetic logic unit算术逻辑部件manipulate vt.操纵，操作keyboard n.键盘information n.消息，知识printer n.打印机hand-hold a.使携，手拿的skitter n.磁盘calculator n.计算器statistical a统计的system n.系统，体系joystick n.游戏棒，操纵杆scientific a.科学的，系统的software n.软件electronic a.电子的category n.种类machinery a.机器，机关，simulate n.模拟，模仿equipment n.装备，设备handle vt.控制dull a.单调的，呆滞的interpret vt.解释network n.网络feedback n.反馈circuit n.电路，一圈，巡回instrument n.工具switch n.开关，电闸manufacture vt.制造level n.水平，标准CAD计算机辅助设计status n.状态engineer n.工程师binary a.二进位的draft n.草稿store vt.储存，储藏graphics n.图形process n.程序，过程video n.影像character n.字符robotic a./n机器人学sound n.声音automation n.自动化image n.影像，图像word processing字处理programme n.程序，计划text n.文衣logic inference逻辑推理communication n.通讯aid vt.帮助，援助electronic-mail电子邮件instruction n.指令teleconferencing电话会议convert vt.转变telccommunicating远程通讯originality n.创造力database n.数据库operate vt.操作，运转CAI计算机辅助教学ENIAC电子数值积分计算机transistor n.晶体管vacuum真空DOS磁盘操作系统resistor n.电阻器RAM随机存取存储器capacitor n.电容器mouse n.鼠标interference n.干预intense妙n.强烈，紧张technology n.技术floppy a.松软的internal a.内部的fix a.牢固的symbolic n.代号write-protect写保护language n.语言drive n.驱动器span vt.跨越mechanics n.机械学reliable a.可靠的access vt.访问efficient a一有效率的byte n.比特magnetic a.一有磁性的、mega n.兆Auxiliary a./n.附加的，辅助物decimal n.十进制media n.媒体octal n.八进制storage n.存储器headecimal n.十六进制punched card tape n.磁带weight n.权memory n.记忆，存储code n.代码silicon n.硅，硅元素ASCII美国信息交换标准代chip n.芯片extended a.扩充的，长期的terminal n.终端机，终点，总站voltage n.伏特，device n.设备integer n.整数innovation n.改革，创新negative a.负的external a.外部的absence a.缺席feature n.特征convenience n.便利component n.元件，组件waveform n.波形combination n.联合，合并zone n.区microprocessor n.微处理器vendor n.厂商，自动售货机packed a.包装的implement n.工具，器具package n.包裹，套装软件quantity n.数量digital a.数字的rigid n.硬的analog a.模拟的fragile a.易脆的hybrid a.混合的susceptible a.易受影响的discrete a.离散的medium n.媒体Vital a.重要的，关键的shutter n.快门monitor n.显示器general-purpose通用overwhelm v.制服theory proving定理证明application n.应用information retrieval 信息检索wire n.电线，电报persona computer个人计算机model n.模型time-consuming a.费时的Versatility n.多种变化，变通routine task日常工作lump vt.使成块logical decision逻辑判断hardware n.硬件programmable a.可编程的stream n.流rewire vt.重新接线resource n.资源generation n.代desktop n.桌面unreliable a.不可靠的cabinet n.文件柜auxiliary storge 辅助存储器supercomputer n.超级计算机minicomputer n.小型计算机I/0 device输入／输出设备system unit系统部件cell n.单元floppy disk软盘consecutively a.连续的，连贯的fix disk硬盘CPU中央处理器transmission n.传送，传输程序设计Program Design程序设计creep vi.爬，潜行writing program编写程序standardize vt.使标准化coding the program编程simplify vt.单一化，简单化programming程序revision n.校订，修正programmer n.程序员occupy vt.占领，住进logic n.逻辑，逻辑学BASIC初学者通用符号指令代码machine code机器代码teaching language教学语言debug n.DOS命令，调试simplicity n.单纯，简朴compactness a.紧凑的，紧密的timesharing system分时系统description n.描述，说明interactive language交互式语言break n.中断manufacturer n.制造业者structure chart结构图dialect n.方言，语调the program flow程序流expense n.费用，代价manager module管理模块uniformity n.同样，划一worder module工作模块archaic a.己废的，古老的mainmodule主模块sufficient a.充分的，足够的submodule子模块data processing数据处理modify v.修正，修改business application商业应用outline n.轮廓，概要scientific application科学应用compose分解lexical a.字典的，词汇的code 代码non-programmer n.非编程人员node vt改为密码notation n.记号法，表示法，注释pseudocode n.伪代码verbosity n.唠叨，冗长commas n.逗点逗号record n.记录documentation文档subrecord n.子记录flowchart/flow程表／流程data division数据部visual a.视觉的procedure division过程部represent vt.表现，表示，代表comprise vt.包含构成structured techniques结构化技术operator n.运算符，算子straightforward a.笔直的，率直的commercial package商业软件包subroutine n.子程序generator n.产生器，生产者driver module驱动模块mathematician n.专家line by line逐行operator n.作符translate vt.翻译，解释forerunner n.先驱modular摸块化ancestor n.祖宗cumbersome a.讨厌的，麻烦的teaching programming编程教学lengthy a.冗长的，漫长的alter vi./vt.改变flaw n.缺点裂纹devclop vt.发达separate a.各别的recompile v.编译assist n.帮助cycle n.循环technician n.技师remove vt.移动，除去straight line直线category n.种类，类项rectangle n.长方形,矩形P-code p代码virtrally ad.事实上symology n.象征学象征的使用register n.寄存器to summaries总之，总而言之by convention按照惯例cyptic n.含义模糊的，隐藏的diamond-shaped a,菱形的bracket n.括号decision n判断obviate除去，排除terminal n. a终端机，终端的keyword n.关键字card reader阅读器underline vt.下划线translator program译程序monadic a. monad(单位)的Programming程序设计dec/binary n.二进制source language源语shift变化，转移，移位machine language机器overflow n.溢出machine instruction机器指令arithmetic n.算术，算法computer language计算机语composite symbol复合型符号．assembly language汇编语assignment n.赋值floating point number浮点数proliferation n.增服high-level language高级语pointer n.指针natural language自然语言array n.数组矩阵，source text源文本subscript n.下标intermediate language中间语言type conversion类型转换software development软件开发address arithmetic地址运算map vt.映射，计划denote vt.指示，表示maintenance cost维护费用subprogram n.子程序legibility n.易读性，易识别separate compilation分离式编泽amend vt.修正，改善alphabetic a.照字母次序的consumer n.消费者digit n.数字位数enormous a.巨大的，庞大的numeric expression数值表达式reliability n.可信赖性，可信度tap n.轻打，轻敲，选择safety n.安全，安全设备print zone打印区property n.财产，所有权column n.列correctness n.正确，functionality n.机能semicolon n.分号portable a.叮携带的，可搬运的survey n.概观．altoggle n.肘节开关task n.作，任务declaration n.宣告说明source program源程序mufti-dimension array多维数组object program目标程序数据库transaction n.交易，办理，执行query n.查询license n.执照，许可证，特许subschemas n.子模式criminal a.犯了罪的，有罪的individual n.个体，个人conviction n.定罪，信服，坚信employee n.职员，受雇人员bureaus n.局，办公处integrity n.完整，正直insurance n.保险，保险业，保险费duplicate a.复制的，二重的retrieval n.取回，恢复，修补interactive n.交谈式security n.安全，安全性audit n.查帐，稽核integrity n.完整，正直，廉正trail n.痕迹，踪迹consume Vt.消耗multiuse n.多用户manually ad.用手full-fledged a.喂养tedious a.沉闷的，冗长乏味的compound document复合文件DBMS数据库管理系统recognizant a.认识的，意识的consensus n一致，交感user manual用户手册semantics n.语义学bug n.缺陷，错误impediment n.妨碍，阻碍，阻止encrypt v.加密，译成密码intuitively a直觉的malicious a.环恶意的，恶毒的module n.模块，组件bottleneck n,瓶颈schema n.轮廓，概要，图解mainstream n主流proposal n建议spatial a.空间的，空间性的tailor Vi.定制，制作，缝制relevant a.有关联的，中肯的plausible a.似真实的，似合理的urgency n.紧急，催促virtually ad.事实上optimization n.最佳化impracticably ad.不能实validation n.确认flaw n.缺点，裂纹，瑕疵typically a.典型的，象征性的assumption n.假定，视为当然之事index n.索引Yi.做索引duration n.持续时间，为期component n.组件，成分intolerably ad.难耐的程度temporal n.当时的，现世的abort vi.流产，失败semantics n.语义学rigorous a.严厉的，严酷的，苛刻的interval n．时间间隔criterion n.标准，准据，轨范catalogue n.目录V.编入目录consistency n.一致性，坚固性，浓度cabinet n.橱柜，内阁adopt Vt.采用，收养illustration n.例证，插图serialization n.连载长篇efficient a有效率的，能干的log n.日志，记录clerical a.事务上的，抄写员的focus n.焦点，焦距access n.进入．进入twin n.双胞胎中人warehouse n.大商店．仓库protocol n.协议wholesale n.批发conflict n神突，矛盾chore n.零工，家务negotiate vi.商议，谈判，谈妥mode n.模式，模态drag vi.拖拉，拖累long-duration长期architects n.建筑师short-duration短期partition n.分割，隔离物ascend V.上升，追溯，登高．inherent a.固有的，与生俱来的descend vi.下降，传下necessitate Vt.迫使，使成为必需dimensional a.空间的versa a.反physical organization物理组织operator n.操作员硬件基础microelectronics n.微电子学adaptively a.适合的，适应的actuator n.主动器compensate偿还，补偿integrated a.集成的parasitic a.寄生的arithmetic n.算术,算法wobble n.摆动，不稳定crossroads n.交又路focal a.焦点的，在焦点上的ROM n.只读存储器eliminate Vt.排除，除去RAM n.随机存取存储器cornstalk n.串音permanently ad.永久的，不变的affinity n.密切关系，强烈的吸引Volatile a.可变的，不稳定的stem n．柄，堵塞物notepad n.记事本introspection n.内省，反省microprocessor n.微处理器mechanism n.机械，机理gateway n.门，通路portability n.一携带，轻便coprocessor n.协处理器configuration n.配置floating-point浮点flexibility n.适应性，弹性upgrade V.使升级algorithms n.运算法则optional a.选择的，随意的channel n．通道，频道bi-directional a.双向性keystroke n.键击simultaneous a.同时发生的typematic a.重复击键的cache n.高速缓冲存储器comprise Vi.包含，构成percentage n.百分比,部分precommendation n.预补偿controller n.控制器track n.磁轨intercept n.截取，妨碍boot v.启动significantly ad.重要地，有效地benchmark n.基准，评效migration n.移往，移动merit n.优点，价值compact a.紧凑的，紧密的restriction n.限制，限定，约束digitally n.数位intrinsic a.本质的，原有的dip n.双排直插封装Boolean n.布尔逻辑，布尔值distortion n.扭曲，变形imperative a.命令式的playback n.重现，录音再生nontrivial a.不平常的robustness a.健康的，强健的circumvent v.绕行，陷害reliability n.可靠性，可信赖性decentralize vt.使分散，排除集中resolvability n.可移动性intelligent a.智能的，聪明的counterpart n.副本，配对物automatically a.自动地，机械地archival a.关于档案的innovation n.改革，创新magneto n.磁发电机synonym n.同义字cylinder n.柱面prototype n.原型photodetector n.光感测器paradigm n.范例，模范predefined n.预先确定microchip n.微处理器split a.分散的core n.争论的核心tradeoff n.交换，协定extended memory扩充内存bootdevice引导设备picture processing图像处理reside vi.住，居留，属于sensor n.传感器optical disk光盘WS1晶片规模集成laser n.激光VLSI超大规模集成storage densities存储密度hiss n.嘶嘶声modulate vi.调整，调制unveil vt.揭开,揭幕multiassociative processing多关联处理技术workload n.工作负荷操作系统与DOS指令storage space存储空间Timer n.计时器subdirectory n.子目录Available a.可用的structure n.结构characteristic n.特征,特性hierarchical a.分层的Sophistication n.复杂性issue vt.发行，放出Standard n.标准backslash n.反斜杠Online n.联机the root directory根目录Job Management 作业管理perform vt.执行Sequence n.次序conjunction n.联合Assess vt.评估procedure n.过程Resource Management资源管理tree n.目录树Oversee vt.监督term n.术语Control of I/0 Operation I/0 操作控制startup vi.启动Allocation n. 分配TSRs内存驻留程序Undergo vt.经历，经受locate vt.定位Error Recovery错误恢复sector n.扇区Memory Management存储器管理partition n.分区interface n.界面booting n.自举streamlined a.流线型的cluster n.簇unleash vt.释放CMOS互补金属氧化物体unhamperer vt.解脱emergency disk应急磁盘spreadsheet n.电子表格partition table分区表Accessory n.附件FAT文件分配表Notepad n.记事薄GUI图形用户接口Macro Recorder n.宏记录器command line命令行Write n.书写器icon n.图标Paint-brush n.画笔manual n.手册modem n.调制解调器dialog boxes对话框Solitaire n.接龙mechanism n.机构，机械，结丰Reverse n.挖地雷clipboard n.剪贴板module n.模块DDE动态数据交换acronym n.缩写字clumsy a.笨拙的version n.版本hot linked映射的update vt.洲一级，更新real-mode n.实模式internal command 内部命令standard mode标准模式external command外部命令directory n.目录Pentium n.俗称586，奔腾芯片sign-on a.提示framework n.框架，结构extension name扩展名precedence n.优先document n.文档uppercase letter大写字母workspace n.工作lowercase letter小写字母File Manager文件管理volume label卷标menu n.菜单prompt n.提示符Program Manager程序管理器default n.缺省值，默认值folder n.卷宗symbol n.符号divider n.分配者cursor n.光标subdivide n.子分配者built-in a.内置的tutorial n.教程。
《计算机专业英语》习题参考答案
《计算机专业英语》习题参考答案Lesson 1I.1. Operating System2. Fetch-evaluate-execute3. Front-side bus4. Dual-core processor5. Basic Input/Output System(BIOS)II.1. 指令是特定各式的二进制数列，它们对于每台机器都是唯一的。
2. CPU是中央处理单元的简称，每个字母分开发音。
3. 大多数计算在中央处理器中进行。
4. 双核是指一个处理器上有两个完整运算内核的CPU。
5. 处理器：是微处理器或CPU的缩写。
6. 集成电路：即芯片，是由半导体材料制成的一种电子设备。
III.1. F2. T3. TIV.1.ALU, CU, Register2.memory3.processor4.the CPULesson 2I.1.Static Random Access Memory(SRAM)2.Dynamic Random Access Memory(DRAM)3.Virtual Memory4.Physical Memory5.Level 1 Cache6.Level 2 Cache7.HDD access speedII.1.动态随机存储器之所以称为“动态”是因为它每秒钟被刷新数千次。
2.RAM：是计算机中存储操作系统、应用程序和当前正是用数据的地方。
3.ROM由计算机中一小块长寿命电池供电。
4.RAM缓存是由高速静态随机存储器构成的存储器。
III.1. F2. F3. F4. TIV.1. non-volatile2. compiler3. volatile4. DRAMLesson 3I.1. Motherboard2. PC Case3. Hard Disk Drive(HDD)4. Optical mouse5. RAM6. Mobile DiskII.1.PC是有很多组件构成的一个系统。
计算机专业英语常用词汇
计算机专业英语常用词汇计算机专业英语常用词汇1. Algorithm - 算法2. Application - 应用程序3. Binary - 二进制4. Cache - 缓存5. Compiler - 编译器6. Database - 数据库7. Debugging - 调试8. Encryption - 加密9. Firewall - 防火墙10. Graphical User Interface (GUI) - 图形用户界面11. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) - 超文本标记语言12. Input - 输入13. Java - Java语言14. Kernel - 内核15. Logic - 逻辑16. Memory - 内存17. Network - 网络18. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) - 面向对象编程19. Programming - 编程20. Query - 查询21. Router - 路由器22. Software - 软件23. Terminal - 终端24. User Interface - 用户界面25. Virtual - 虚拟26. Web - Web27. XML - 可扩展标记语言28. Zip - 文件压缩29. Algorithmic Complexity - 算法复杂度30. Backdoor - 后门31. Cloud Computing - 云计算32. Data Mining - 数据挖掘33. Ethernet - 以太网34. Floppy Disk - 软盘35. Gigabyte (GB) - 千兆字节36. Hardware - 硬件37. Internet Protocol (IP) - 网际协议38. Keyboard - 键盘39. Linux - Linux操作系统40. Megabyte (MB) - 兆字节41. Node - 节点42. Operating System (OS) - 操作系统43. Parallel Computing - 并行计算44. Queue - 队列45. Server - 服务器46. Trojan - 木马病毒47. Unicode - 统一码48. Video Card - 显卡49. Wi-Fi - 无线网络50. Zip Drive - 压缩驱动器。
计算机专业英语
计算机专业英语----shuyingAabort vi.异常中断n.终止计划(任务) abstract adj.抽象的Access 微软公司生产的数据库软件access n..通路,访问,入门vt.存取,接近accessible adj.易接近的,可以达到的acclimate v.适应account n.计算,帐目accurate adj.正确的,精确的active adj.活动的,被激活的Active Data Objects 活动数据对象ActiveX 微软倡导的网络多媒体对象技术actual adj.实际的,真实的,现行的,目前的adapter n.适配器additional adj.另外的,附加的,额外的address n.地址vt.从事,忙于Adminstrative adj.管理的,行政的Administrator n.管理员advancement n.前进,进步advantage n.优势,有利条件advertisement n.广告,做广告advocate vt.提倡algorithm n.算法allocation n.分配,安置although conj.虽然,尽管amazing adj.令人惊奇的analog n.模拟analyze vt.分析,分解animation n.动画,活泼,有生气anticipate vt.预期,期望appeal vi.求助,要求appearance n.外观application n.应用,申请,请求appropriate adj.适当的architectural adj.建筑上的architecture n.建筑,结构archive n.档案库arithmetic n.算术arrangement n.排列,安排assembler n.装配,汇编程序assembly n.汇编,集会,大会assistance n.协助,援助,补助assistant n.助手,助教attach vt.附加,添加,系上,贴上attachment n.附件attribute n.属性,品质audio card 声卡author n.作家,创造者autocorrect v.自动更正automate v.使自动化,自动操作automation n.自动化available adj.可用到的,可利用的,有用的avoid v.避免awareness n.知道,晓得Bbasic adj.基本的basically adv.基本上,主要的basis n.基础,基本bearer n.承载人,送信人,负载的人benign adj.良性的,良好的,仁慈的betray vt.出卖,背叛,泄露,漏出……的迹象binary adj.二进制BIOS abbr.[计]基本输入输出系统Basic Input Output Systembit n.位,比特(计算机用语)bizarre adj.奇形怪状的block n.木块,石头,块breakthough n.突破brochure n.小册子browse vt.浏览budget n.预算bug n.臭虫,病菌,虫子bug-free adj.没有程序错误buggy adj.多臭虫的(程序错误的意思) bulletproof adj.防弹的bunch n.串,束v.捆成一捆bundle v.捆扎business to business(B to B,B2B)商业对商业button n.按钮Ccable n.电缆calculating speed运算速度calculator n.计算器campus n.校园capability n.能力capacitor n.电容器cassette n.盒子,盒式磁带categorize vt.加以类别,分类category n.种类caution n.警告CD-ROM n.光盘驱动器challenge n.挑战character n.字母characteristic n.特征chief adj.主要的,首要的chrominance n.色度circuit n.电路classify v.把……分类click v.单击,点击client n.顾客,客户,委托人client/server 客户/服务器clipboard n.剪贴板clock n.时钟close button关闭按钮clumsy adj.笨拙的collaborate vi.合作collision n.碰撞,冲突combat v.与…战斗,和…斗争combination n.结合,联合,合并,化合,化合物command n.命令,掌握,司令部commerce n.商业commodity n.日用品common adj.共同的,普通的commonly adv.普遍地,一般地communicate v.沟通,通信,相通communication n.传达,信息,交通,通信community n.共同体,社会compatipility n.兼容性,相容性compiler n.编译器,汇编者,编译程序compiling n.编译complex adj.复杂的component n.分量,成分,元件,组件,部件compression n.压缩comprise v.包括,构成,由……构成妥协的compote v.计算,估计,用计算机计算conceal vt.隐藏,隐蔽,隐瞒观念,概念concert n.音乐会conduct v.引导,管理,为人,传导configure vi.配置,设定confirmation n.证实,确认,批准confusion n.混乱,混淆connect v.连接connection n.连接,关系,接线connectivity n.连通性considerably adj.相当地construct vt.建造，构造，创立constantly adv.经常地，坚持不懈地consumer n.消费者contain vt.包含，容纳，容忍content n.内容contribute n.贡献control n.控件control menu 控制菜单conventional adj.常规的convert vt.转变coordinate n.同等者，同等物cord n.端口corporate adj.共同的，合作的correspond vi.符合，协调corresponding adj.相应的corruption n.腐败，贪污，堕落counter n.计算器，计数器CPU n.中央处理器crap n.废物，赌输的一注，废话crash v.崩溃critical adj.危急的，评论的，批评的cursor n.光标，游标，指针，指示器curve n.曲线，弯曲cylinder n.圆筒，圆柱体，汽缸，柱面Ddata structure数据结构database n.数据库，资料库debate v.争论，辩论debugger n.调试器，调试程序debugging n.调试decoder n.解码器dedicate vt.献（身），致力，题献dedicated adj.专用的define vt.定义，详细说明definition n.定义，解说，清晰度，精确度delegation n.代表团，授权，委托deletion n.删除，删除部分deliberately adv.故意地dependence n.依靠，依赖，信任，信赖deploy v.部署，展开，配置describe v.描述，记述desktop n.台式电脑，桌面detergent n.清洁剂detection n.察觉，发觉，探测，发现devise v.设计，策划，图谋，遗赠dial v.拨digital adj.数字的direct adj.直接的discrete adj.分离的，转折的，离散的discuss vt.讨论，论述discussion n.讨论，商议disk n.磁盘disparate adj.不同的，全异的display n.显示器v.显示disseminate v.散布distinctive adj.与众不同的，多样的distribute vt.分发，分配diverse adj.不同的，变化多样的dock v.对接document n.公文，文件，文挡，档案domain n.范围，领域DOS 磁盘操作系统download v.&n.下载drag v.拖动dramatic adj.戏剧的，剧烈的drive n.驱动器dual adj.双的，二重的，双重DVD-player n.DVD播放器dynamic adj.动态的Dynamic HTML Page Designer 动态HTML 网页设计程序Eeducational adj.教育的educe vt.得出，引出effectively adv.有效地，有利地efficient adj.效率高的electronic adj.电子的electronic commerce 电子商务Electronic Data Interchange(EDI) 电子数据交换Electronic Funds Transfer(EFT) 电子资金传送element n.要素，成分，元素elementary adj.基础的，基本的，初等的eliminate vt.排除，消除e-mail n.电子邮件emotion n.情感，感情emphasize v.强调emphatically adv.强调地，用力地employee n.职工，雇员，店员empty v.使……空enable vt.使能够encompass v.包围，环绕enhancement n.增进，增加enormous adj.巨大的enterprise n.企业，计划，事业，进去心entertainment n.娱乐entity n.实体，组合，组织，团体environment n.环境equipment n.装备，设备，器材error message 出错消息essence n.本质essential adj.本质的，实质的，基本的establish v.建立estimate v.估计，估价，评估evolve v.使……逐步形成，演化，进化evolving adj.进化的，展开的Excel 微软的表格处理软件exchange vt.交换，互换exchange ideas 交换意见executable adj.可实行的，可执行的expand v.扩展expense n.费用，开支expensive adj.昂贵的，价格高的explosive adj.爆炸性的，爆发性的extension n.延长，扩充，范围，扩展名external adj.外部的，客观的externally adv.外表上，外形上extremely adv.极端地，非常地Ffacilitate vt.使容易，使便利，促进facility n.设备，装置，工具facsimile n.传真familial adj.熟悉的，常见的favorite adj.喜爱的，喜欢的feature n.特征financial adj.财政的，金融的Flash v.闪现flexibility n.弹性，适应性，机动性flexible adj.灵活的floppy n.软驱adj.懒散的，松软的flow v.流动footprint n.足迹，脚印for instance 例如foundation n.基础，根本，建立，创立frame n.框架framework n.框架，构架，结构FrontPage 微软的制作网页工具function n.作用，功能functionality n.功能型future n.未来，将来Ggeneral adj.通用的，通常的n一般信息. generally adv.一般，通常generate vt.产生generation n.代gizmos n.小发明granular adj.粒状的group n.小组guess v.猜，猜出GUI n.[计]图形用户界面guide n.向导Hhand-help PC n.手提电脑hard disk 硬盘hardware n.硬件have a strong impact on 对……有巨大影响hesitation n.犹豫hierarchical adj.分等级的higher-quality adj.高质量的high-level language 高级语言highlighted adj.突出的high-powered adj.强有力的high-temperature adj.高温的horizontal adj.水平的host n.主机human-readable adj.易于阅读的hyperlink n.超连接hypermedia n.超媒体hypertext n.超文本II/Odevices 输入/输出设备icon n.图标idiom n.习语，方言ignore vt.不理睬，忽视imagination n.想象，想象力impact n.影响，作用improve v.改善，改进in contrast 与……对比inappropriate adj.不合适的inception n.起初inconvenient adj.不方便的，不恰当的increase n.增加，增大，增长incredible adj.难以置信的indicate v.表明individual n.个人，个体inexpensive adj.便宜的，不贵重的infect vt.传染，感染influence n.影响，感化information n.信息，消息inheritance n.遗传，遗产initial adj.最初的，词首的，初始的inkjet printer 喷墨打印机innovative adj.创新的，革新的input device 输入设备insertion n.插入install vt.安装，安置installation n.安装instruction n.说明，指令instruction set 指令系统(也作instruction system)instrument n.工具，手段，器械，器具integrate vt.结合，整合integrated adj.综合的，完整的integrated ciruit 集成电路intelligent adj.聪明的，智能的intend vt.想要，打算intensity n.亮度interactive adj.交互式的interchange vt. 交换interconnect vt. 使相互连接interconnection n. 互相联络intermediary adj. 中间的，调解的internal adj.内部的Internet n.因特网Internet Information Server(IIS)因特网信息服务器internetworking n.网络interpret v.解释，注释interpretation n.解释，阐明，口译interpreter n.解释程序，解释器，口译员interrupt v.中断intertwine v.使纠缠，使缠绕interanet 内联网introduction n.介绍invade vt.侵略，侵袭，拥挤inventive adj.善于创造的，发明的inventory n.存货，财产清册，总量invoke v.启动，调用involve vt.包括item n.项目Kkeyboard n.键盘keyword n.关键字knowledge n.知识Llanguage n.语言，语言文学，术语lapotop n.膝上型电脑large-scale 大规模的laser printer 激光打印机launch vt.使下水，发射，开办，发动，发起license n.许可，执照limitation n.局限，限制linker n.连接程序location n.地址logic adj.逻辑的logical adj.合乎逻辑的，合理的low-temperature adj.低温的luminance n.亮度Mmachine instruction 机器指令magnetic adj.磁性的magnetically adv.有磁力的，有魅力的main memory 内存mainframe n.大型机mainstream n.主流maintain v.维持maintenance n.维持，维修，坚持major adj.主要的，多的，主修的manageable adj.易处理的，便于管理的manipulate vt.操作，使用，巧妙地处理manual n.手册manually adv.用手manufacture n.制造manufacturer n.制造业者，厂商maximize/restore button 最大化/还原按钮medium n.媒体，方法，媒介Megahertz n.兆赫兹memory unit 存储单元menu bar 菜单栏mesh n.网孔，网状method n.方法microcomputer n.微型计算机microphone n.扩音器，麦克风Microsoft Transaction Server 微软事务处理服务器minimum adj.最小的，最低的mobile adj.可移动的modem n.调制解调器motherboard n.主板mouse n.鼠标MPEG addr.运动图象专家组multimedia n.多媒体multiple adj.多样的，多重的multitasking n.多任务处理muli-user adj.多用户的mutate v.变异mysterious adj.神秘的Nnative adj.本国的，本地的，与生俱来的navigation n.导航，航海，航空，领航negative n.否定，负数，底片newsletter n.时事通讯NIC abbr.网络接口卡notaion n.记法，注释，符号notebook computer 笔记本电脑note n.备注，注释notice n.注意numeric adj.数字的Oobvious adj.明显的occupy v.占用occurrence n.发生，出现，事件offer vt.提供on the lookout for 寻找，提防online n.在线operand n.操作数operate v.操作，使用operation n.操作opportunity n.机会，时机optional adj.可选择的，随意的organization n.组织original adj.原来的originator n.始发者，创造者，始发站OS (Operating System)操作系统outlet n.插座Outlook 收发邮件的软件output v.输出Ppackage n.包裹，包paperless business 无纸贸易parallel adj.平行的partner n.搭档，伙伴passive adj.被动的passive resistance 消极抵抗PCI abbr.周边元件扩展接口per prep.每，每一perform vt.履行，执行，表演peripheral adj.外围的，外围设备permission n.许可，允许permit n.通行证，许可证，执照perspective n.远景，前途PhotoDraw 图象处理软件phrase n.短语，习语picture tube 显象管pixel n.像素plug vt.堵，塞，插上pointer n.指针，指示符，指针光标polish n.光泽，优雅，精良，磨光polymorphic adj.多形的，多态的，多形态popularity n.普及，流行，声望potential adj.潜在的power supply 电源powerful adj.强大的PowerPoint 制作幻灯片和简报的软件precise adj.精确的，清晰的，严格的presentation n.表示，图象，外观，演示文稿，简报presently adj.目前，不久previous adj.以前的，早先的primitive adj.原始的，简单的，质朴的principle n.法则，原则，原理printer n.打印机priority n.优先级，优先private adj.私人的，秘密的，私有的profess n.过程，方法，作用，步骤processor n.处理器productivity n.生产力professional adj.专业的，职业的n.专家program n.程序programmable adj.可编程的programming n.编程，程序设计prompt v.&n.提示，付款期限proofread vt.校正，校对property n.财产protocol n.协议protocol suite 协议组provide v.供应，供给public key cryptography 公共密钥加密pulse n.脉冲punctuation n.标点，标点符号purchase vt.买，购买purpose n.目的，意图，用途Qqualification n.资格，条件，限制，限定queue n.队列Rrandom adj.随机的随意，任意random-access memort(RAM) 随机存储器ratio between function and price 性价比read-only memor(ROM) 只读存储器receie vt.接受recipient n.接受者recognition n.赞誉，承认，赏识，识别，重视，公认recognize v.识别，认出recommend vt.推荐rectangular adj.矩形的，成直角的reduction n.减少，下降reference n.参考refresh v.刷新regardless of adj.不管，不顾relate vt.有关联，有关系relatively adj.相对地remind vt.发布，发行remote adj.可依赖的remove vt.提醒，使想起remote adj.遥远的，偏僻的，细微的remove vt.移动represent v.代表，表明reproduce v.繁殖，复制，再生，使…..重现resident adj.居住的，长住的resolution n.清晰，分辨率resource n.资源responsible adj.有责任的，可靠的，负责的restart v.重新开始，重新启动restricted adj.受限制的，有限的resume n.履历，个人简历retrieval n.取回，修复，检索，查找retrieve v.重新回到reveal vt.展现，显示，揭示，暴露revenue n.收入，税收reverse adj.相反的revert v.恢复revolutionize v.革新riddle n.谜语robust adj.强壮的，坚定的，结实的routine n.例行公事，常规，程序runtime adj.运行时的Ssafety n.安全性scalable adj.可改变大小的，可升级的schedule n.时间表，进度表scroll v.滚动SCSI 小型计算机系统接口search n.搜寻，查究secondaries n.辅助设备section n.部分，片段，部件，地域secure v.保护，安全的，可靠的security n.安全self-replicating adj.自我复制的sequence n.顺序serious adj.严肃的setup v.&n.安装shadow n.阴影，影子，影象share vt.分享，均分，共有，分配silicon chip 硅片similar adj.类似的simplify vt.单一化，简单化simulate vt.模拟，模仿，假装，冒充simultaneously adv.同时地situation n.情况，场合SLI (Suppress Length Indicator) 控制长度指示器solt n.缝，狭槽，位置smooth adj.平滑的，正常的smoothly adv.平稳地software n.软件sophisticated adj.精制的，老练的soundboard n.声卡special functional 特殊功能的specialized adj.专门的specific adj.明确的，特殊的specification n.具体指明，规格spill vi.溢出，涌流squash v.粉碎，硬放，压坏stability n.稳定性stack n.堆栈standard adj.标准的status n.状态stereo adj.立体的stero device 音响stick v.放，置，粘住，刺，戳storage n.存储量，存储器，内存store v.存储stream n.串，流strength n.力量strive v.努力，斗争，竞争structure n.结构，构造，建筑物stuff n.原料，材料，素材，资料subnet n.子网subsume v.包容，包含subscriber n.用户端，订户，签署者suggest vt.建议，提出，暗示suite n.组supplementary adj.辅助的surfing n.网络冲浪symbol n.符号，记号，象征synonym n.同义词syntactic adj.句法的synthesis n.综合，合成system n.系统，规律，秩序，体制system unit 主机Ttailor vt.制定taskbar n.任务栏technique n.技术，技巧，方法telecommunication n.电信，无线电通讯terminal n.终端terminate v.停止，结束，终止therefore adv.因此，所以thus conj.因此timer electrical signal 定时电信号timer n.计时器tool bar 工具栏topic n.话题，主题topology n.拓扑，布局，拓扑学tour n.旅游，旅行track vt.追踪，通过traditional adj.传统的，惯例的transaction n.办理，处理，交易，事务transfer v.传输，转移，交换，转接translate v.翻译，转换，迁移，平移transformation n.变换，转换transistor n.晶体管transmission n.传输，传送，输送transmit vt.传输，传送，传达stay n.盘，碟trivial adj.琐细的，价值不高的Uundergo v.经历，经受universal adj.普遍的，全体的，世界的unpleasant adj.使人不愉快的，讨厌的unstable adj.不稳定的，不固定的，易变的upgrade vt.使升级，升级usage n.使用，用法utilize vt.利用Vvacuum tube 真空管value n.值，价值，评估，估价variation n.变更，变化，变异variety n.多样性，变化，品种，种类vast adj.巨大的，大量的version n.译文，译本，翻译vertical adj.垂直的via prep.经，通过，经由video card 显卡virtuall adv.事实上，实质上visual adj.视觉的访问者visual pollution 视觉污染volatile adj.易失的Wwealth n.财富，大量web browser 浏览器Windows 视窗操作系统wire n.电线，电报，电信workstation n.工作站wrap vt.包装，包，覆盖，隐藏Yyeah (yes) 是的。
计算机专业英语单词
计算机专业英语单词文档编制序号：[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]1.1 computer 计算机 information processing 信息处理 hardware 硬件 software 软件 program 程序 general-purpose machine 通用（计算）机 special-purpose machine 专用（计算）机 instruction 指令 set of instruction 指令集，指令系统 input device 输入设备 output device 输出设备 Input/Output (I/O) 输入/输出 main memory 主存储器 central processing unit (CPU) 中央处理器 bus 总线 microcomputer 微型计算机 minicomputer 小型计算机 mainframe 主机，特大型机 desktop computer 台式计算机 personal computer (PC) 个人计算机 operating system 操作系统 disk 磁盘 Digital Video Disk (DVD) 数字视[频光]盘 Computer Disk Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM) 光盘只读存储器keyboard 键盘mouse 鼠标 audio 声[音]频的，声音的 interface 接口peripheral 外围，外围设备 monitor 监视，监视器reset 复位 1.2 instruction 指令 instruction set 指令系统，指令集 processor 处理器 operation 操作、操作码、操作码指令operand 操作数 register 寄存器 clock 时钟 megahert(MHz) 兆赫control unit 控制器，控制部件 decode 译码，解码 arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) 算术/逻辑部件 word size (word length) 字长machine language 机器语言 1.3 hierarchical memory 存储器层次结构 cache 高速缓冲存储器,高速缓存 chip 芯片 on-chip cache 单片高速缓存 silicon-die 硅片 magnetic disk 磁盘 main memory 主存储器 paged virtual memory 页式虚拟存储器 Random Access Memory (RAM) 随机（访问）存储器 Read Only Memory (ROM) 只读存储器 boot 引导，启动，自举 Compact Disk ROM (CD ROM) 只读光盘 disk drive 磁盘驱动器 floppy disk (diskette) 软磁盘 write once, read many (WORM) 一次写多次读 magnetic tape 磁带 register file 寄存器组 latency 潜伏时间、等待时间 page frame 页帧 real memory (storage) 实存储器Dynamic RAM (DRAM) 动态随机存储器 benchmark 基准测试程序，基准[程 序]，测试标准，基准 volatile 易失性laser storage 激光存储器 1.4 latency 等待时间 bandwidth 带宽（外设与存储器的传送速率范围） modem 调制解调器 hard disk 硬（磁）盘 code conversion 代码转换 programmed I/O 程序控制I/O coprocessor I/O 协处理器I/O memory mapped I/O 存储器映射I/O interrupt 中断 path 通路，路径 multiprocessor 多处理器 synchronization 同步化 coherency 相关，相干 direct memory access(DMA)直接存储器存取 channel 信道，通道 input/output system 输入输出系统buffering 缓冲 accumulator 累加器 peripheral 外围，外围设备 pattern of bits 位模式 load 装入，加载 4.1 computer network 计算机网络 network architecture 网络体系结构 protocol 协议 open system interconnection reference model (OSI/RM) 开放系统互连参考模型 Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) 传输控制协议/互联网协议 channel 信道 frame 帧 packet 分组，包 message 报文，消息 connectionless 无连接的 connection oriented 面向连接的 user datagram protocol (UDP) 用户数据报协议 data communication 数据通信 resource sharing 资源共享 data format 数据格式layer-based 分层次的 physical medium 物理媒体（介质）International Standards Organization (ISO) 国际标准化组织 Department Of Defense (DOD) （美国）国防部 industrial standard 行业标准 transport layer 传输层，运输层network layer 网络层 application layer 应用层 end-to-end 端对端，终点到终点 byte stream 字节流 virtual terminal 虚拟终端 4.2 LAN (Local Area Network) 局域网 client-server 客户服务器(方式) peer-to-peer 对等(方式)hub 集线器 switch 交换机topology 拓扑(结构)star topology 星型拓扑Ethernet 以太(局域)网randomly 随机地 CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) 载波侦听多路访问/冲突检测 UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) 非屏蔽双绞线 coaxial cable 同轴电缆 NIC (Network Interface Card) 网络接口卡(网卡) multi-port bridge 多端口网桥 router 路由器 ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) 专用集成电路 Gigabit Ethernet 千兆位以太网 fiber-optic 光纤 FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) 光纤分布式数据接口 ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) 异步转移(传输)模式 WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) 无线局域网 ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) band 工业、科学和医药频段 FHSS (Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum) 跳频扩频 DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) 直序扩频 CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) 码分多址 MAC (Medium Access Control) 媒体访问控制WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) 无线应用协议 cell phone 蜂窝电话 pager 寻呼机 wireless bridge 无线网桥 leased line 租用线 4.3 WAN (Wide Area Network) 广域网packet switching network 分组交换网 priority code 优先级代码 source address 源地址 destination address 目的地址 datagram 数据报 virtual circuit 虚电路 (SVC) Switched Virtual Circuit 交换式虚电路 (PVC) Permanent Virtual Circuit 永久式虚电路 multiplex 多路复用 leased line network 租用线(路)网 frame relay 帧中继 CPE(Customer Premises Equipment) 客户设备 access line 接入线port 端口route 路由，路径backbone 主干网,骨干网trunk 干线,[ 局内]中继线,信息通路5.1Internet因特网ARPAnet ARPA计算机网，阿帕网Packet switching network分组交换网，包交换网interoperability 互操作性WWW（world wide web万维网，环球信息网hypertext 超文本client 客户browser 浏览器download 下载HTTP（hypertext transfer protocol）超文本传送协议URL（uniform resourcelocator）统一资源定位地址search engine 搜索引擎search criteria 搜索条件Web page网页GUI（graphical userinterface）图形用户接口IE（Internet Explorer）（微软公司的）浏览器软件Mosaic美国计算机安全协会（NCSA）的公共WWW浏览器Navig （网景公司的）浏览器electronic mail 电子邮件SMTP（Simple Mail Transfer Protocol）简单邮件传送协议POP（Post Office Protocol）邮局协议FTP（File Transfer Protocol）文件传送协议Telnet（Telecommunication network）远程通信网远程登录（服务）TCP/IP（Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol）传输控制协议/互联网协议5.5network security 网络安全virus 病毒unauthorized access 非授权访问firewall 防火墙boot 自举,引导,启动sector (磁盘)扇区,扇面macro virus 宏病毒floppy disk 软(磁)盘download下载,卸载identification 识别,验证,鉴定authentication 验证,鉴别password 口令，密码access card 存取卡biometric device 生物统计仪器filter 过滤,滤波block 封锁NFS(Network File System) 网络文件系统gateway 网关relay service 中继业务packet filtering 分组(包)过滤circuit gateway 电路网关application-level gateway应用级网关screening router 屏蔽路由器bastion host 堡垒主机dual-homed gateway 双宿主网关screened-host gateway 屏蔽主机网关screened subnet屏蔽子网6.2electronic commerce 电子商务Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT)电子资金传送（转账），电子汇款Business-to-Business (B to B,B2B)商业对商业transaction 事务[处理]，交易，会刊，学报Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)电子数据交换communications medium通信媒体digital form 数字格式revenue 税收，收入，收益6.6Web万维网medium（复 media) 媒体sharing 共享desktop 台式，桌面desktop computer台式计算机notebook computer 笔记本计算机pocket computer袖珍计算机Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)个人数字助理mobile phone移动电话Hyper-Text Markup Language (HTML)超文本标记语言Web page 万维网网页Web site 万维网网站Interactivity 交互性service-oriented 面向服务的Application ProgrammingInterface (API)应用编程界面Asynchronous JavaScript andXML (AJAX)异步Java过程语言和扩展的标记语言9.1database 数据库 data element 数据元 retrieval 检索，恢复 magnetizable media 可磁化介质 linkage 链接 system software package 系统软件包 database record 数据库记录 operating system (OS) 操作系统 search 搜索，查找 probe 探查 query 查询 file-oriented system 面向文件的系统 communications path 通信通道 database management system (DBMS) 数据库管理信息系统 management information system (MIS) 管理信息系统 decision making 决策 information flow 信息流 user 用户 9.3 Structured Query Language (SQL) 结构化查询语言 thread scheduling 线程调度 memory management 存储管理 I/O management 输入/输出管理relational engine 关系引擎 type system 类型系统 buffer pool management 缓冲槽管理 resource management 资源管理 synchronization primitives 同步化原语 deadlock 死锁 background maintenance jobs 后台维护作业 multitasking 多(重)任务作业 Applications Program Interface (API) 应用程序接口 log 记录 Storage Engine 存储引擎 Tabular Data Stream (TDS) 表格数据流 character strings 字符串 textual data 文本数据User-Defined composite Types (UDTs)用户定义的组合类型 Dynamic Management Views (DMVs) 动态管理视图 constraint 约束 value added services 增值服务 self-tuning 自调谐（节） digital media formats 数字媒体格式bit-stream 比特流storage backend存储后端eXtensible Markup Language (XML)可扩展的标记语言spatial data type 空间数据类型unstructured data 非结构化数据semi-structured data半结构化数据metadata 元数据backing up 备份，备用hierarchical data层次型数据recursive query 递归查询9.4data warehouse数据仓库information technology (IT) 信息技术decision support 决策支持operational data 操作数据platform 平台transaction事务（处理）distributed system分布式系统infrastructure 基础设施client 客户mass storage 大容量存储器，海量存储器data refresh 数据刷新information pool 信息库On-Line Analytical Processing联机（在线）分析处理技术iterative approach 迭代方法database recovery 数据库恢复9.5Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)企业资源计划Customer Relationship Management (CRM)客户关系管理log 日志，(运行)记录，对数pattern 模式,图形(案),特性曲线Intelligence Quotient (IQ) 智商predictable 可预测的attribute 属性dataset 数据集subset 子集recursive 递归training process 训练过程root node 根节点leaf node 叶子节点algorithm 算法decision tree 决策树，判定树cluster 聚类，簇，群集association 关联，结合，协（学）会 time series 时（间）序（列） prediction 预测 churn analysis 周转分析 Structured Query Language (SQL) 结构化查询语言 9.6 online ordering 在线订货 browser 浏览器 peer-to-peer 对等的 retrieval 检索 E-Commerce 电子商务 E-Business 电子企业 script 脚本(文件),稿本,过程 dynamic web page 动态web 网页 static web page 静态web 网页 hyperlink 超(级),链接 form 表单，表格，窗体 database query 数据库查询 middleware 中间件 CGI (Common Gateway Interface) 公用网关接口 API (Application Program Interface) 应用程序接口 PHP (Personal Home Page) 个人家庭主页 ASP (Active Server Page) 现用服务器页，动态服务器主页 11.1 computer graphics (CG) 计算机图形(学) video game 视频游戏 render 渲染 three-dimensional computer graphics 三维计算机图形 scene 景物，景色，场景 image 图像,影(映)像,成像 photograph 照片 medical imaging system 医疗成像系统 monitor 监视器 paint program 绘图程序 model 模型 computer-simulated world 计算机模拟世界 11.2 GUI (graphics user interface) 图形用户界面 DTP (desktop publishing) 桌面出版resolution 分辨率 image-setter 激光照排机 paste-board 粘贴板 HTML (hypertext markup language) 超文本标记语言PDF (portable document format)可移植文档格式 PDL (page description language) 页面描述语言 graphics software 图形软件 WP(Word Processing) （文）字处理 typescript 打印文稿(原稿) laser printer 激光打印机 dpi (dots per inch) 每英寸点数 lay out 排版 Electronic Publishing 电子出版 video 视频 animation 动画 hyperlink 超链接 suite of software 软件套件 11.4 image processing 图像处理 sensor 传感器 acquisition 采集，获取 illumination 光照 digitization 数字化 coordinate transformation 坐标变换 motion blur 运动模糊 tomography X 线断层技术 chromosome 染色体 background 背景 gray value 灰度值 visual system 视觉系统 multimedia 多媒体 brightness 亮度 contrast 对比度 pixel 像素 distortion 失真，畸变 filter 滤波，过滤 11.5bitmap 位图raster image 光栅图像 decompress 解压 gray-scale 灰度 magic number 幻数 LUT(look up table) 查找表 file format 文件格式 proprietary 所有人的，所有的，专利的 TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) 标记图像文件格式 GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) 图形交换格式index 索引RLE (Run-Length Encoding) 游程编码JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)联合（静态）图像专家组第一组1.Primitive types基本(数据)类型2. heuristics 启发式研究3.criteria标准4.performance speed运行速度5.the nature of theapplication 应用的性质6.vector quantization 矢量量化7.the preceding frames之前帧8.consecutive frames连续帧9.formula 公式10.inequality不等式11.cumulative errors累计错误12.JPEG(Joint Photographic Experts Group) 联合图像专家小组13.spatial position空间位置14.matrix 矩阵15.binary array二进制数组16. decompress解压缩17. sophisticated 复杂的18. subunits 子单元第二组1.hybrid n.混合物adj.混合的2.backpropagation 反向传播3.fusions . 融合4.parameters 参数；系数5.optimized adj. 最佳化的6.fuzzy 模糊的；失真的7.conventional . 传统的；惯例的8.integrated. 综合的；完整的9.fuzzy logic 模糊逻辑10.perceptron . 感知器11.hierarchical 分层的；等级体系的putation 估计，计算13.coordinate 坐标；vt. 整合adj. 同等的vi. 协调)14.converges 聚合，会聚15. neurons 神经元16.bias 偏执量17.nonlinear function 非线性函数18.purelin 线性19.genetic algorithm 遗传算法20.simultaneous 同时发生的,同步的21.polygonal approximation algorithms多边形近似算法22.dynamic 动态的23.data fusion 数据融合24.robust 鲁棒的.强健的,坚定的第三组1.contemporary 当代的、现代的2.cryptography 密码学3.authentication 身份验证4.interdisciplinary 跨学科的5.designate vt. 指定；指派6.identical adj. 同一的；完全相同的7.interactive adj. 交互式的；相互作用的8.iterative(adj. 迭代的；重复的，反复的9.endeavor n.努力；尽力.10.integration n.集成；综合11.heterogeneous(adj. [化学] 多相的；异种的；[化学] 不均匀的；由不同成分形成的))12.interpretation(n. 解释；翻译；演出)13.validation(n. 确认；批准；生效)14.disciplines(n.纪律；训练；学科)15.identified(vt.鉴定；识别，辨认出，认出；认明；把…看成一样)16.interpretable(adj.可说明的；可解释的；可翻译的)17.scalable(adj.可测量的；可伸缩的；可攀登的)18.associations(联合；联想) 19.transactionsn. 处理，[图情] 会报；汇报20.investigated(v. 调查；研究)21.versus(prep. 对；与...相对；对抗)22.unified(adj. 统一的；一致标准的)23.subsequent(adj. 后来的，随后的)24.violations[va??'le??nz]侵害，违反25.protocol ['pro?t?k??l]草案；协议26.vulnerabilities[v?ln?r?'b?l?t?z]脆弱点27.misuse [?m?s'ju?s]误用；滥用28.anomaly[?'nɑ?m?li]异常；反常29.captured?['k?pt??r]捕获；占领30.rationale基本原理；基础理论31.clustering['kl?st?r??]聚类；群32.thrust刺；推力；要旨第四租1.Taxonomy 分类标准2.by virtue of 凭借，依靠第五组1.Blend 混合2.Render 渲染3.Defeat 使失效，弱化4.Pleasing 令人满意的5.artifact6.state-of-the-art 一流的，先进的，到目前为止最好的7.Formulation配方；构想，规划；公式化8.Hierarchical 分层的9.Potent有效的，强有力的；有权势的；烈性的；有说服力的10.Temporal暂存的11.Quadratically 二次12.Homogeneous同性质的，同类的13.Shades 阴影14.Attained 达到；获得15.Problematic成问题的，有疑问的，不确定的16.fine-tuned 对…进行微调;细调17.identical images 相同的图像18.shading effects阴影效应19.Generic类的，属性的；一般的20.Opaquely不透明地21.Fringe边缘的，外围的第六组1.extraction 取出；抽出；拔出2.Binarization 二值化3.retrieval 检索4.dissemination 宣传；散播；传染5.integrated? 综合的；完整的；互相协调的）6.delimiters 分隔符7.Deviation 偏离8.feeding into 流入，输入9.loose-leaf 活页式的10.with respect to 关于11.isolate 隔离，孤立12.table of contents entries 目录项13.syntactic 句法的14.appropriate adj.适当的；相称的15.meta-data(n.元数据,16.heterogeneous adj.异种的；异质的第七组Disassemble 反汇编。
计算机专业英语大全
absence 缺席access 访问存取通路进入achieve 实现完成acquire 获得adjacency list method 邻接表表示法adjacency matrix method 邻接矩阵表示法algorithm 算法allocate 留下分配[h2][/h2]analog 推论append 添加archive 档案归档array 数组assign 分配assume 假设assurance 确信信任A TM(asynchronous transfer mode) 异步传输模式b.. real programs kernels 实程序核心程序b.. toy benchmark synthetic benchmark 简单基准程序复合基准程序balance 平衡bandwidth 带宽batch 一批一组benchmark 基准测试程序best-fit algorithm 最佳适应算法BFS(breadth first search) 广度优先搜索法binary 二进制binary relation 二元关系binary tree 二叉树bit series 比特序列black-box white-box 黑盒白盒block miss 块失效blocked 阻塞(等待状态也称阻塞或封锁状态)boundary 界线分界bridge 网桥bubble sort 冒泡排序calculation 计算candidate key 候选键(辅键)capability 能力才能capacity 容量cartesian product 笛卡尔积CASE(com.. aided sof.. engineering) 计算机辅助软件工程CCP(communication control processor) 通信控制处理机cell 信元characteristic 特征特性circuit switching 线路交换circular wait 循环等待CISC(complex instruction set computer) 复杂指令集计算机class 类Client/Server 客户机/服务器clock cycle clock rate 时钟周期时钟频率coaxial cable 同轴电缆cohesion coupling 内聚耦合coincidental logical procedural functional 偶然内聚逻辑内聚过程内聚功能内聚combination 联合配合common 公用的共同的communication 通信complement number 补码component 成分concept 概念观念condition 情况状况conform 符合consist 组成存在constrain 约束contain 包含correspond (corresponding) 相符合(相应的一致的)CPETT 计算机性能评价工具与技术CPI 每条指令需要的周期数CSMA/CD 带冲突检测的载波监听多路访问cursor 游标cyclic redundency check 循环冗余检校database: integrity consistency restory 完整性一致性可恢复性database: security efficiency 数据库设计的目标: 安全性效率deadlock: mutual exclusion 死锁条件: 互斥deadlock: circular wait no preemption 死锁条件: 循环等待无优先权decimal 十进位的decision 决定判断decomposition 双重的混合的decrease 减少definition 定义definition phase 定义阶段demonstrate 证明design phase 设计阶段determine 限定development phase 开发阶段DFS(depth first search) 深度优先搜索法diagram 图表Difference Manchester 差分曼彻斯特directed graph undirected graph 有向图无向图distinguish 辩认区别distributed system 分布式系统divide division 分开除除法divide union intersection difference 除并交差document 文件文档DQDB(distributed queue dual bus) 分布队列双总线draw 绘制dual 二元的双的dynamic design process 动态定义过程element 元素要素elevator (scan) algorithm 电梯算法又称扫描算法encapsulation inheritance 封装(压缩) 继承(遗传) encode 译成密码entity 实体entity integrity rule 实体完整性规则equal 相等的equation 方程式等式estimate 估计判断Ethernet 以太网evolution 发展演化exceed 超过exchange sort 交换排序exclusive locks 排它锁(简记为X 锁)execute 实现执行exhibit 表现展示陈列existence 存在发生expertise 专门技术external(internal) fragmentation 外(内)碎片fault page fault 中断过错页中断FDDI(fiber distributed data interface) 光纤分布式数据接口FDM(frequency division multiplexing 频分多路复用fiber optic cable 光缆FIFO replacement policy 先进先出替换算法figure 数字图形final 最后的最终的first normal form 第一范式floppy 活动盘片(软盘)foreign key domain tuple 外来键值域元组form 形状形式formula 公式表达式foundation 基础根据基金frame page frame 帧结构页结构frequency 频率FTP 文件传送服务function 函数functionally dependent 函数依赖gateway 网间连接器gather 聚集采集推测general-purose registers 通用寄存器generate 产生grade 等级标准graph (graphic) 图Gropher 将用户的请求自动转换成FTPguarantee 保证确定hash table hash function collision 哈希表哈希函数(散列函数) 碰撞HDLC 面向比特型数据链路层协议hit rate 命中率host 主计算机host language statement 主语言语句hypertext 超级文本illustrate 举例说明independent 独立的index 索引indirect 间接的influence 有影响的initially 最初开头insertion sort 插入排序instruction format 指令格式instruction set 指令集interface 接口分界面连接体internal 内部的内在的interrupt 中断IPC 工业过程控制ISAM VSAM 索引顺序存取方法虚拟存储存取方法join natural join semijoin 连接自然连接半连接judgment 判断kernel executive supervisor user 核心执行管理用户kernels 核心程序key comparison 键(码)值比较LAN(local area network) 局域网load 负载载入logical functional 逻辑内聚功能内聚longitudinal 水平的loop 圈环状maintain 维护保养供给maintanence phase 维护(保养)阶段MAN(metropclitan area network) 城域网Manchester 曼彻斯特map 地图映射图matrix 矩阵点阵memory reference 存储器参量message switching 报文交换method 方法技巧MFLOP(million floating point operate p s 每秒百万次浮点运算minimum 最小的MIPS(millions of instructions per second 每秒百万条指令module 单位基准monitor (model benchmark physcal) method 监视(模型基准物理)法multilevel data flow chart 分层数据流图multiple 复合的多样的multiple-term formula 多项式multiplexing 多路复用技术multiplication 乘法mutual exclusion 互相排斥non-key attributes 非码属性null 零空Nyquist 奈奎斯特object oriented 对象趋向的使适应的object oriented analysis 面向对象的分析object oriented databases 面向对象数据库object oriented design 面向对象的设计object oriented implementation 面向对象的实现obtain 获得occupy 占有居住于occurrence 事件odd 奇数的one-dimensional array 一维数组OODB(object oriented data base) 面向对象数据库OOM(object oriented method) 面向对象的方法oom: information object message class 信息对象消息类oom: instance method message passing 实例方法消息传递open system 开放系统operand 操作数optimized 尽量充分利用optional 任选的非强制的organize 组织overflow 溢出overlapping register windows 重叠寄存器窗口packet switching 报文分组交换page fault 页面失效page replacement algorithm 页替换算法paged segments 段页式管理PCB(process control block) 进程控制块peer entites 对等实体perform 表演执行period 时期周期permit 许可准许phase 阶段局面状态physical data link network layer 物理层数据链路层网络层pipeline 管道platter track cluster 面磁道簇predicate 谓语preemption 有优先权的prefix (Polish form) 前缀(波兰表达式)preorder inorder postorder 前序中序后序presentation application layer 表示层应用层primary key attributes 主码属性principle 原则方法procedural coincidental 过程内聚偶然内聚process 过程加工处理proficient 精通program debugging 程序排错projection selection join 投影选择连接proposition 主张建议陈述protocal 协议prototype 原型样板prototyping method (model) 原型化周期(模型)pseudo-code 伪码(又称程序设计语言PDL) punctuation 标点purpose 目的意图quality 质量品质queue 队列ready blocked running 就绪阻塞(等待) 运行real page number 实页数real programs 实程序redirected 重定向redundency 冗余reference integrity rule 引用完整性规则referred to as 把.....当作regarde 关于register(registry) 寄存器登记注册挂号regularly 定期的常规的relation 关系relay 中继reliability 可信赖的repeater 中继器replacement 替换represent 代表象征request indication response confirm 请求指示响应确认resource 资源respon 回答响应RISC(reduced instruction set computer) 精简指令集计算机robustness 健壮性router 路由器scheme 计划图表sector head cylinder 扇区磁头柱面selection sort 选择排序semaphores 信号sequence 序列顺序Shanon 香农share locks 共享锁(简记为S 锁)short path critical path 最短路径关键路径signal 信号signal-to-noise ratio 信噪比B/Nsimilar 相似的SISD SIMD MISD MIMD * 指令流* 数据流SMDS 交换多兆位数据服务software development phase 软件开发阶段software engineering 软件工程software portability 软件可移植性software requirements specification 软件需求说明书solve 解决sort 种类方式分类排序spanning tree 跨越树(生成树)specify 指定说明speedup 加速比SSTF(shortest-seek-time-first) 最短寻道时间优先(磁盘调度算法) stack strategy non-stack strategy 堆栈型非堆栈型starvation 饥饿匮乏statement 陈述storage 贮藏库store procdures 存储过程strategy 战略兵法计划strict 严密的styles 文体风格subgroup 循环的subset 子集子设备superclass subclass abstract class 超类子类抽象类suppose 假定symbolic 象征的符号的synthetic benchmark 复合基准程序system testing 系统测试Systolic 脉动阵列table 表表格桌子TDM(time division multiplexing) 时分多路复用technology 工艺技术terminal 终端testing phase 测试阶段theta select project theta join θ选择投影θ连接time complexity 时间复杂度timestamping 时标技术Token Bus 令牌总线Token Ring 令牌环toy benchmark 简单基准程序transaction 事务记录transmite 传送transport layer session layer 传输层会话层traversal method 遍历方法triggers store procedures 触发器存储过程(ORACLE 系统)underflow 下溢unique 唯一的unit system acceptance testing 单元测试系统测试确认测试universe 宇宙全世界update 更新value [数]值variable 变量vertical 垂直的vertice edge 顶点(结点) 边via 经过virtual memory system 虚拟存储系统WAN(wide area network) 广域网waterfall model 瀑布模型white noise 白噪声write-back(copy-back) 写回法write-through(store-through) 写直达法WWW(world wide web) 万维网。
计算机专业英语 考试
一、选择题1.What is the process of converting a high-level programming language into machine languagecalled?A.Debuggingpilation（正确答案）C.ExecutionD.Interpretation2.Which of the following is a programming paradigm that organizes software design around data,and the operations performed on that data?A.Object-oriented programming（正确答案）B.Procedural programmingC.Functional programmingD.Event-driven programming3.In computer networks, what does the term "protocol" refer to?A. A set of rules governing the exchange of information between devices（正确答案）B.The physical connection between devicesC.The speed of data transmissionD.The type of data being transmitted4.What is the term used to describe the process of dividing a complex problem into smaller, moremanageable parts?A.Modularization（正确答案）B.OptimizationC.EncapsulationD.Polymorphism5.In computer security, what is the term for unauthorized access to or modification of data?A.EncryptionB.DecryptionC.Hacking（正确答案）D.Firewall6.Which of the following is a type of software that allows two or more computers tocommunicate and share resources?A.Operating systemB.Database management systemwork operating system（正确答案）D.Word processing software7.What is the term used to describe the process of identifying and correcting errors in computerprograms?A.Debugging（正确答案）B.TestingC.Codingpilation8.In computer graphics, what is the term for the number of distinct pixels that can be displayedon a screen?A.Resolution（正确答案）B.Color depthC.Refresh rateD.Aspect ratio。
计算机专业英语
第三单元1 Knowledge about Everything that effects your business .Business intelligence.知识有关的一切，影响您的业务。
商业情报。
2 It multidimensional made of columns, rows and layers dData warehouse它的列，行和层次作出多方面的数据仓库3 tools help process information to create business intelligenceOLTP, OLAP工具帮助过程的信息来创建商业智能联机事务处理，联机分析处理4 T/F - Automatic teller machines is an example of OLAPFALSE自动柜员机是OLAP的例子5 T/F - OLTP enables end-users to perform analysis of dataFALSE的OLTP使最终用户进行数据分析6.T/F - columns have logical namesTRUE列具有逻辑名称7T/F-Data dictionary contains the logical structure of the information in a database TRUE包含数据字典中的信息数据库的逻辑结构8.Database tools are software tools use to query information in a data warehouse FALSE [Data-mining tools]数据库工具软件工具的使用在数据仓库的查询信息假[数据挖掘工具]9.Statistical tools apply various mathematical models to the information stored in a databaseFalse [ used for the data wearhouse]统计工具，适用于一个数据库中存储的信息的各种数学模型假[用于数据男仕服饰公司]10.T/F - Data warehouses are organization wideTrue数据仓库是组织全11.T/F - with SQL database program displays a blank record with a space for each field.FALSE [Query-by-example]与SQL数据库程序显示了每一个空间领域的空白记录。
计算机专业英语词汇
mand n。
命令，指令2. line n. （数据，程序)行，线路3。
display vt. 显示,显示器4. format n。
格式5. cursor n。
光标6。
directory n。
目录，索引簿7.current n. 电流8。
screen n。
屏幕，屏;v. 屏蔽9。
. specify v. 指定，规定,确定10. disk n。
盘，磁盘11。
drive v. 驱动；n. 驱动器12。
database n。
数据库13。
enter v. 键入，送入14.margin n. 余量,边缘，边际15. procedure n. 过程，程序，工序16. dialog n。
& vt。
对话17.insert vt. 插入18。
item n. 项,项目，条款19.edit vt。
编辑，编排，编篡20。
parameter n。
参数，参变量21。
variable a. 可变的；n。
变量22. function n。
函数,功能，操作23。
button n。
按钮24。
index n. 索引，变址，指数25。
setting n. 设置，调整26. desire v. & n. 期望27 。
switch n. & v。
开关，转换,切换28. default v。
缺省，预置,约定29. enable vt。
启动,恢复正常操作30。
filename n。
文件名31. prompt n。
& v。
提示32. execute v。
实行，实施33. extension n。
扩充，延伸34. argument n。
变元，自变量35。
shift v. 转义，换档，移位36. store n。
& vt。
存储，存储器37. scroll vt。
上滚(卷）；n. 纸卷38。
macro n. 宏，宏功能，宏指令39。
define vt。
定义，规定,分辨40. reference n。
& a. 参考；参考的41。
计算机专业英语
一、英翻汉，汉翻英（20题*1分）data processing system 数据处理系统Integrated Circuit 集成电路Central Processing unit 中央处理器decimal digit 十进制Random Access Memory 随机访问存储器machine language机器语言system clock 系统时钟word size 字长DataBus 数据总线Address Bus 地址总线control circuit 控制电路input and output device 输入和输出设备Universal Serial Bus 通用串行总线assembly language 汇编语言high-level language 高级语言derived classes 派生类late binding 迟绑定virtual function 虚函数real-time operating system 实时操作系统command language 命令语言primary storage 主存储器secondary storage 辅助存储器data structure 数据序data abstraction数据抽象procedural abstracting过程抽象dynamic memory allocation 动态存储分配first come and first served 先来先服务first in and out 先进先出database model 数据库模型physical level 物理层user program 用户层entity-relationship model实体—关系模型one –pass compiler 一遍编译器external call 外部调用parallelizing compiler 并行编译器cross compiler 交叉编译器intermediate code 中间代码一、选择题(10题*2分)1、计算机中最重要的程序OS2、处理器包含寄存器（register）累加器（accumulator）两个功能部件3、在控制输入输出操作计算机有完整的操作指令（operating instructions/ operational command）4、高级语言低级语言判断二、选词填空（10题*2分）课本第二题Uint1（1）The digital computer is a digital system perform various computation （估计，计算）tasks.（2）Integrated circuit did for the third-generation what transistors did for thesecond generation.（3）One of the most significant contributes to the emergence of the fourth generation of computers is the microprocessor.（未处理器）（4）Mainframe computer is a powerful multi-user computer.（5）Supercomputer is an extremely fast computer that can perform hundreds of millions of instructions per second.（6）Desktop computers are modular systems that make it easy to add or replace individual parts to meet each user’s particular requirements.（7）When you need change ,it is easy to open up a desktop case and reconfigure the system.（8）The CPU mounts in a special socket that uses a latching mechanism to hole itin place.Uint2（1）A processor is a function unit that interprets and carries out instructions. （2）Thirty-two-bit chips are often constrained to a maximum of 2GB or 4GB of RAM access.（3）Processing more data in each cycle contributes to increased performance . （性能）（4）The cache ensures that data is immediately available whenever the CPU requests it.（5）One reason why the word needs 64-bit processors is because of their enlarged address spaces.（6）In an SSID （服务集标示符）architecture there is a single instruction cycle. （7）Multiprocessing refers to the organization technique in which a number of processor units are employed in a single computer system.（8）RAM and ROM play important roles of storage devices.（存储装置）Uint3（1）Each I/O device includes I/O interface circuitry.（接口电路）（2）The keyboard is used to type information into the computer or input information.（3）The core computer of CRT monitor（阴极射线管显示器）is cathode ray tube.（4）Compared to the CRT monitor, the monitor’s advantages are obvious.（5）Each I/O device is connected to computer system’s address, data, and control buses.（6）CRT monitor means a cathode ray tube monitor.（7）Each key on a standard keyboard has one or two character.（8）Press the key to get the lower character and hole Shift to get the upper. Uint4（1）Inheritance in object-oriented programming allows a class to inherit properties(性能，道具) from a class of object.（2）The language used 0 and 1 is called machine language.（3）C++ is an often considered to be a superset of C , but this is not strictly true.（4）Most C code can easily be made to compile（编译）correctly in C++. （5）C++ is an enhanced version of the C language.（6）Methods are similar to the functions of procedure-oriented （面向过程）programming.（7）An object is simply an instance（实例）of a class.（8）Polymorphism gives object the ability to represent to messages from routines when the object’s exact type is not known.（9）It is a computer program that translates a series of instructions written in one computer language into a resulting output in another computer language.（三）Unit5（1）The operating system is also responsible for keeping track of the activities in the computer system.（2）Real-time operating system are used to control machinery,（机械，机器）scientific instrument and industrial systems.（3） A multi-user operating system allows many different users to take advantage of one computer’s resources simultaneously.（4）The OS is a large program made up of many smaller programs.（5）The OS control how the CPU communicates with other hardware components.（硬件组件）（6）The OS also makes computer easier to operate by people who don’t understand programming languages.（7）Operating system are constantly being improved or upgraded as technology advance.（8）Windows is custom-made to run with Intel CPU and Intel-compatible CPUs，such as Pentium IV.（9）It is a common term for a computer fault that brings down a software program or operating system .It is also refer to the failure of a hard disk drive.(三)Uint6（1）A data structure is a specialized format （格式，板式）for organizing and storing data.（2）Data structure organize data in ways that make Algorithms （算法）moreefficient.（3）An object-oriented approach to data structures （数据结构）brings together both data abstraction and procedural abstraction.（4）Once problem are Abstracted ,（抽象的）it becomes apparent that seemingly different problems are essentially similar or even equivalent in a deep sense.（5）Abstraction allows Common solutions to seemingly different problems.（6）Integer is amounts to a particular collection of anxious or rules that must be obeyed.（7）When a call is made to Algorithms, (算法)all the variable local to the callingroutine need to be saved by the system , otherwise the new function will overwrite the calling routine’s variables.（8）Computers in which the disk is attached to one machine, known as the file server.（文件服务器）Uint7（1）A database consists of a file or a set of files.（2）Fields are the basic units of data storage .（数据存储）（3）The external level defines the different views of the database as required by the external or user programs.（4）One user program may not require all the data in the database.（5）The conceptual level describe the entire database.（6）Object-based logical models are used for describing data at the conceptual （概念上的）and viewlevels.（7）For relationships involving two entity （实体）sets, there can be relationships like one-to-one，one-to-many, many-to-one，and many-to-many.（8）There are various data types to choose from, such as character，numeric ,data ,or other.Unit8（1）A compiler（编译器）is a computer program that translates a computer programwritten in one computer language into an equivalent program.（2）Translation from a low level language to a high level one is also possible. （3）Compiles also exit which translate to a another.（4）Cross compilers are useful when bringing up a new hardware platform for the first time.（5）Since the intermediate level code （中级水平代码）is machine-like in character，but not in form ,it will normally vary with the machine for which the object code is being generated.（6）Intermediate code can be converted directly into the object language （目标语言）by the code generate.（7）Obviously code generation is highly machine-dependent.（8）When the object machine is altered ，the code generator（编译发生器）must be extensively revised.三、阅读理解（10题*2分）四、完形填空五、翻译（第七章重点考）。
计算机专业英语
单词①、The Evolution of Computers ----------------计算机的发展②、Components of Computer Systen-----------计算机系统的组成③、Software Engineering -------------------------软件工程④、Data Structure-----------------------------------数据结构⑤、Operating System-------------------------------操作系统⑥、Programming Design---------------------------程序设计⑦、Office Automnation ----------------------------办公自动化⑧、Electronic Business-----------------------------电子商务⑨、Computer Security-----------------------------计算机安全⑩、Virtual Reality-----------------------------------虚拟现实翻译句子①、Computer is an electronic equipment which can make anithmetic and logical calculation,process information rapidly and automatically.计算机是一种能够高速、自动地进行算术和逻辑运算及信息处理的电子设备。
②、Real-time control is the control of procedure in the process of practical productions where conputers are applied.实时控制是指计算机应用于实际生产过程中的过程控制。
《计算机专业英语》(中英文对照)
vacuum tubes 真空管
Census Bureau 人口普查局
thousands of 成千上万的
known as 通常所说的，以……著称
Abbreviations:
ENIAC(Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) 电子数字积分计算机，ENIAC计算机 EDSAC (Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer) 延迟存储电子自动计算机 BINAC (Binary Automatic Computer) 二进制自动计算机
计算机专业英语
1-2
Chapter 1 The History and Future of Computers
Requirements:
1. The trends of computer hardware and software 2. Basic characteristics of modern computers 3. Major characteristics of the four generations of modern computers
很难确切地说现代计算机是什么时候发明的。从20世纪30年代到40年 代，制造了许多类似计算机的机器。但是这些机器大部分没有今天我们所 说的计算机的所有特征。这些特性是：机器是电子的，具有储存的程序, 而且是通用的。
计算机专业英语
1-5
Chapter 1 The History and Future of Computers
4. 了解科技英语的特点，掌握科技英语翻译要点
计算机专业英语
1-3
Chapter 1 The History and Future of Computers
计算机专业英语
计算机专业英语（Computer English）Chapter 8 The Internet: Technology Background Requirements:了解Internet的起源掌握Internet的关键技术概念描述Internet协议与应用程序的作用解释当前Internet的结构理解当前Internet的局限描述Internet II的潜在作用掌握英语长句的翻译技巧8。
1 The Internet：Technology BackgroundWhat is the Internet? Where did it come from，and how did it support the growth of the World Wide Web？What are the Internet’s most important operating principles? The Internet is an interconnected network of thousands of networks and millions of computers （sometimes called host computers or just hosts）linking businesses，educational institutions, government agencies, and individuals together. The Internet provides around 400 million people around the world (and over 170 million people in the United States) with services such as e-mail, newsgroups，shopping，research，instant messaging，music，videos, and news. No one organization controls the Internet or how it functions，nor is it owned by anybody, yet it has provided the infrastructure for a transformation in commerce, scientific research，and culture. 因特网是什么? 它来自何处，和它如何支持万维网的增长? 因特网最重要的运行原则是什么?因特网是成千上万的网络和数以百万计的计算机(有时被称为主机计算机或主机)将企业、教育机构、政府机关和个人联结起来的一个互联网络。
计算机专业英语第二版
• Personal Digital Assistants: much smaller than even the subnotebooks. Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) weypical PDA combines pen input, writing recognition, personal organizational tools, and communication capabilities in a very small package. Figure 1.2 shows an example of a PDA.
• Supercomputers are special, high-capacity computers used by very large organizations principally for research purposes. Among their uses are oil exploration and worldwide weather forecasting. An example of a supercomputer is shown in Figure 1.3.
••分析小 理型速：计度句算和中机数T，据h也 存ey被 储指称 能的为 力是中 介小型 于机 微型， 型计是 机算像 和机书 大；桌 型大 机短小 之语的间fa机。ll器中in。型b它公et们司we的或en处大 意思型是公“司的介部于门两一者般之把它间们”用，于i特n t殊he用ir途p。ro例ce如ss，in可g s以pe使e用ds它an们d做 data研-s究to或rin监g视ca某p一ac个iti生es产是过介程词。短小型语公作司状一语般。使用小型机进行一般
分析：in exchange for less weight 是介词短语作目的状 语，意思是“为了换取较轻的重量”。
计算机专业英语
•PC (Personal Computer) 个人计算机•CPU (Central Processing Unit) 中央处理器•RAM (Random-Access memory) 随机存储器•ROM (Read-Only Memory) 只读存储器•BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) 基本输入输出系统•IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) 智能磁盘设备•PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) 外部设备接口•SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) 小型计算机系统接口•CD-ROM (Compact Disc, Read-Only Memory) 只读光盘•EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory)•电可擦除只读存储器•DVD-ROM (Digital Versatile Disc, Read-Only Memory)•只读数字化视频光盘•USB (Universal Serial Bus) 通用串行总线•LAN (Local Area Network) 局域网•DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) 数字线用户•VDSL (Very high bit-rate DSL) 甚高位率数字线用户•POST (Power-On Self-Test) 开机自检•TFT(Thin-Film Transistro) 薄膜晶体管•LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) 液晶显示屏•CRT(Cathode Ray Tube) 阴极射线管•DLP(Digital Light Processing) 数字光处理技术•LCoS(Liquid Crystal On Silicon) 硅基液晶（也缩写为LCOS）•SED(Surface-conduction Electron-emitter Display) 表面传导电子发射显示• OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode) 有机发光二极管•PDP(Plasma Display Panel) 等离子显示器•OS (Operating System) 操作系统•API (Application Program Interface) 应用程序接口•RTOS (Real-Time Operating System) 实时操作系统•BASIC(Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code)BASIC 语言（初学者通用指令码）•JIT(Just-In-Time compilation) 即时编译•VM (Virtual Machine) 虚拟机•GUI (graphical user interface) 图形用户界面•URL (Uniform Resource Locator) 统一资源定位符•TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) 传输控制协议•UDP (User Datagram Protocol) 用户数据报协议•IP (Internet Protocol) 网际协议•JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) Java数据库连接•SDK (Software Development Kit) 软件开发工具包•SQL(Structured Query Language) 结构化查询语言•IBM(International Business Machines Corporation) 国际商用机器公司•ANSI(American National Standards Institute) 美国国家标准协会•ISO(International Organization for Standardization)国际标准化组织•DBMS(Database Management System) 数据库管理系统•RDBMS(Relational Database Management System )关系型数据库管理系统•ODBMS(Object-oriented Database Management System)面向对象的数据库管理系统•IMS(Information Management System)信息管理系统•CICS(Customer Information Control System)客户信息管理系统•DDBMS(Distributed Database Management System)分布式数据库管理系统Lesson 1 How PCS work•When you mention the word “technology”，most people think about computers．•当提到“技术”这个词时，大多数人就会想到计算机。
计算机专业英语
UNIT ONE Introduction to Computers470200203Text 1 The Computer System一． Vocabulary(词汇):device：装置cable：电缆instruction：指令terminal：终端hardware：硬件software：软件input：输入output：输出central processing unit(CPU)：中央处理器processor：处理器integrated circuits(IC)：集成电路printed circuit board：印刷电路板memory：存储器application program：应用程序programming language processor：计算机程序语言处理器operating system：操作系统resource：资源utilities(utility programs)：实用程序二． Important sentences(重点句):1．A computer system includes both hardware and software.2．A basic organization of a computer hardware system consists of an input device, an output device, memory and a Central Processing Unit (CPU). 3．Software products may be divided into four basic types: application programs, programming language processors, operating systems, and system utilities.4．Application programs allow you to perform such tasks as solving statistical problems, keeping your company's account books or playing a computer game.5．Programming language processors are programs that support the use of a computer language on a computer system.6．Operating systems are control programs that manage hardware and software resources and enable you to run application programs. 7．System utilities are special programs that enhance the usefulness and capabilities of a computer.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1)硬件：hardware(2)软件：software(3)集成电路：integrated circuits(IC)(4)中央处理器：central processing unit(CPU)(5)应用软件：application software(6)应用程序：application program2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(2)、(3).3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)、(5)、(6)、(7)、(8)4．Multiple Choice:(1)、C(2)、B(3)、B(4)、BUNIT ONE Introduction to ComputersText 2 System Components of Computers一、 Vocabulary(词汇):component：部件，元件image：图形printer：打印机cabinet：机箱chip：芯片silicon：硅片main memory：主存储器secondary storage：辅助存储器diskette drive：软驱display screen (or monitor)：显示器二． Important sentences(重点句):1．A computer system consists of four basic components : the Central Processing Unit(CPU), memory, input device and output device.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1)计算机系统：computer system(2)主存储器：main memory(3)辅助存储器：secondary storage(4)键盘：keyboard(5)显示器：display screen (or monitor)(6)数据：data2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(2)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(2)、(3)、(4)4．True or False:(1)、F(3)、F(4)、T(5)、FUNIT ONE Introduction to ComputersText 3 The Evolution of Computers一、 Vocabulary(词汇):vacuum tube ：真空管silicon chip ：硅片large-scale ：大规模的integration ：集成chip circuitry ：芯片电路package ：封装auxiliary storage (=external storage or secondary storage) ：辅助存储器data ：数据magnetic disk ：磁盘memory capacity(=storage capacity) ：存储器容量microprocessor ：微处理器multiprogramming ：多道程序设计二、Important sentences(重点句):1． Modern electronic computers didn't appear until the 1940's. Research workers in America produced a working computer in 1946.2． The first-generation of computers were used from 1946 to 1959.They were characterized by the most prominent feature of the ENIAC-vacuum tubes, and were large, costly, expensive to power and often unreliable.3． The second-generation of computers spanned the years from 1959 through to 1964. The most notable change was that transistors replaced vacuum tubes.4． In addition, the second-generation computers were given auxiliary storage, sometimes called external or secondary storage.5． Third generation computers lasted from 1964 to 1971. Thethird-generation is marked chiefly by the development of integrated circuits, which replaced transistors.6． From 1971 to the present, we have fourth-generation computers.三、Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 电子管：vacuum tube(2) 晶体管：transistor(3) 磁带机：magnetic tape machine(4) 磁盘机：magnetic disk machine(5) 微处理器：microprocessor(6) 大规模集成电路：Large-scale integration circuits2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、 (8)、(9)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(2)、(3)、 (5)、(8)4．Mutiple Choice:(1)、B(2)、C(3)、B、D(4)、BUNIT ONE Introduction to ComputersText 4 Microcomputer Architecture一． Vocabulary(词汇):keyboard ：键盘printer ：打印机plotter ：绘图仪diskette ：软盘execute ：执行screen ：显示屏medium (pl. media) ：媒体，介质system ：系统motherboard ：母板，主板drive ：驱动器memory board ：内存板slot ：插槽bus ：总线bit ：位interface ：接口hard disk ：硬盘二． Important sentences(重点句):1．Most systems are constructed around a motherboard, which is a metal frameword containing a series of slots that are linked through a bus to an 8- or 16-bit processor.2．CPU: It is used to carry out a variety of essential data manipulation and controlling tasks in the heart of the computer.3．Main memory : It contains the programs the CPU is currently executing and the data these programs are operating on.4．Mass storage devices: The hard disk, floppy disk and magnetic tape drives are called mass storage devices, which hold data for long-term storage.5．Input/Output devices: The keyboard, CRT display (monitor), printer and XY-plotter are referred to as input/output devices.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 微型计算机：microcomputer(2) 母板：motherboard(3) 插槽：slot(4) 接口：interface(5) 硬盘驱动器：hard disk drive(6) 软盘驱动器：floppy disk drive2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(2)、(3)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、 (3)、(4)、 (6)、 (8)4．Multiple Choice:(1)、Looking from outside, a microcomputer consists of a case, a keyboard,a monitor and a printer.(2)、To boot up a computer , you can either do a warm boot or a cold boot.(3)、The computer can use the binary number system to represent any character. By far, ASCII developed in USA, is the most widely used code.(4)、The main memory in a computer consists of RAM and ROM.(5)、A microcomputer has at least 640 kbytes of memory. 1 kbyte consists of 1024 bytes.UNIT ONE Introduction to ComputersText 5 Computer Viruses一、 Vocabulary(词汇):format ：格式化shell ：壳，外壳modify ：修改insert ：插入，嵌入extension ：扩展名version ：版本computer virus ：计算机病毒sector ：扇区intrusive virus ：入侵病毒RAM (Random Access Memory) ：随机存储器RAM-resident program ：内存驻留程序operating system virus ：操作系统病毒boot up ：引导shell virus ：外壳病毒source code virus ：源码病毒device driver ：设备驱动程序source program ：源程序host program ：主程序compile ：编译worm virus ：蠕虫病毒macro virus ：宏病毒二． Important sentences(重点句):1．Computer viruses are small programs designed to replicate (make exact copies of themselves) and spread, sometimes without giving any sign that they exist.2．Computer viruses can be classified by how they infect a system. There are four main types of viruses : shell , intrusive, operating system, and source code.3．Shell viruses wrap themselves around a host program and do not modify the original program code.4．Intrusive viruses invade an existing program and actually insert a portion of their code into the host program.5．Operating system viruses work by replacing parts of the operating system with their own logic.6．Source code viruses are intrusive programs that are inserted into a source program such as those written in Pascal prior to the program being compiled.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 病毒：virus(2) 恶性病毒：malicious virus(3) 外壳病毒：shell virus(4) 源代码：source code(5) 设备驱动程序：device driver(6) 传播：spread2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(2)、(5)、(8)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(2)、(5)4．Multiple Choice :(1)、 A、C (注：现在的杀毒软件一般都具备病毒防火墙的功能)(2)、 C5．True or False:(1)、F(2)、F (注：如1999年4月26日爆发的CIH病毒就会烧毁主板或是硬盘) UNIT ONE Introduction to ComputersText 6 Multimedia Technology一、 Vocabulary(词汇):animation ：动画，动画片video ：视频audio ：声频compact disk ：光盘mouse ：鼠标器sound board ：声卡mixer ：混声器throughput ：吞吐率multimedia ：多媒体graphics ：图形optical storage ：光存储image processing ：图像处理CD-ROM drive ：光盘驱动器MPC (multimedia personal computer) ：多媒体个人电脑parallel ：并行serial ：串行joystick port ：游戏操纵杆控制端口VGA (Video Graphics Array) ：视频图形阵列(显示卡)resolution ：分辨率二、Important sentences(重点句):1． Multimedia, which typically refers to a synthesis of graphics,animation, optical storage, image processing, and sound, is not a single technology, product, or market.2． MPC stands for "multimedia personal computer".3． The requirements for an MPC are described in detail in Microsoft's Multimedia PC Specification Version 1.0.三、Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 多媒体：multimedia(2) 图形：graphics(3) 视频：video(4) 图像处理：image processing(5) 动画：animation(6) 光盘：compact disk3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、(3)、(4)、(7)、(8)4．Answer the following questions briefly:(2)、OA(4)、A byte consist of 8 bits.(5)、In 1946, the first computer in the world ENIAC was developed. UNIT ONE Introduction to ComputersText 7 Compact Disk - Read Only Memory (CD-ROM)一． Vocabulary(词汇):digital ：数字的access ：存取laser ：激光reserve ：重新写入compact disk ：密集盘optical disk ：(=compact disk)光盘video player ：影像光盘机programmed search ：程序搜索memory facility ：记忆功能telephone directory ：电话簿postal address ：邮政地址二． Important sentences(重点句):1．New programs and data are 'burnt' onto the disc surface by a powerful laser.2．To read the information, a weaker laser is passed over the surface andthe reflected distortion from the dips forms the data which can be used for 'playback'.3．There are two types (standards) of optical disks :CD-I and CD-ROM.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 激光：laser(2) 英寸：inch(3) 只读存储器：ROM (Read Only Memory)(4) 搜索：search(5) 记忆：memory(6) 存取：access2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)、(5)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、(3)、(4)、(5)、(8)4．Answer the following questions briefly::(1)、What devices are usually used as secondary memory?Answer: hard disk, floppy disk, optical disk, magnetic tape(2)、What three categories do computer languages generally fall into? Answer: machine languages, assembly languages and high-level languages.(3)、What is the acronym for a double density diskette?Answer: DD(4)、How many bytes does a 'word' in the computer consist of ? Answer: 1,2,4 or more bytes.UNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 1 The Central Processing Unit(CPU)一、Vocabulary(词汇):manufacturer ：制造商performance ：性能megahertz(MHz) ：兆赫nanoseconds (ns) ：纳秒overclocking ：超频warranty ：保修upgrade ：升级configuration ：配置，设置microcomputer ：微型计算机arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) ：算术/逻辑部件(运算器)instruction counter ：指令计数器decoder ：译码器super-mini-computers ：超级小型机numerically coded instruction ：数字化编码的指令high-speed storage ：高速存储器primary storage ：(=main memory) 主存储器microprocessor-CPU based systems ：以微处理器为CPU的基本系统video-arcade game ：电子游戏digital TV ：数字电视二． Important sentences(重点句):1．The operations of a computer system are controlled by the CPU, which contains an arithmetic and logic unit (ALU), an instruction counter and a decoder.2．The speed at which the CPU operates is called the clock speed and is measured in megahertz(MHz).3．A clock cycle is the time that the CPU takes to perform instructions at a given clock speed.4．The CPU can operate at two different clock speeds : an internal speed for operations within the CPU, and an external speed for transferring data into and out of the CPU.5．Overclocking is a term generally used to describe how you have increased the clock frequency on your board to run your system at a higher speed. 6．Microprocessors have come a long way since 1971 when the first microprocessor, the Intel 4004, was developed.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 电子元件：electronic component(2) 算术逻辑单元：arithmetic and logic unit (ALU)(3) 硅片：silicon chip(4) 指令计数器：instruction counter(5) 时钟速度：clock speed(6) 译码器：decoder2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(3) 、(4)、(8)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(4)、(5) 、(6)、(7)4．Answer the following questions briefly:(2) To which generation do the present-day computers belong? Answer: The fourth generation.UNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 2 Memory一、Vocabulary(词汇):account ：银行户头generate ：产生，建立subscriber ：订户word ：字overwrite ：覆盖二、Important sentences(重点句):1． The microcomputer's memory consists of main memory and secondary storage.2． The main memory of most computers is composed of random access memory (RAM) .3． Main memory on the computer is used to store instructions and data temporarily while the instructions are being executed and data are being processed.三、Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 随机存储器：Random Access Memory (RAM)(2) 只读存储器：Read Only Memory (ROM)(3) 主存储器：main memory(4) 辅助存储器：secondary storage(5) 标签：label(6) 指令：instruction2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(3)、(4)、(9)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、(4)、(7)4．Multiple Choice:(1)、 B(2)、 B(3)、 B(4)、 AUNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 3 The System Buses一、Vocabulary(词汇):origin ：起点destination ：终点address ：寻址byte ：字节nibble ：半字节address-bus ：地址总线register ：寄存器control-bus ：控制总线ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) ：工业标准结构EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) ：扩展工业标准结构MCA (Micro Channel Architecture) ：微通道结构expansion bus ：扩展总线adapter ：适配器peripheral ：外部设备faxmodem (or modem) ：调制解调器graphics adapter ：图形适配器NIC (Network Interface Card) ：网络接口卡SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) ：小型计算机系统接口data bus ：数据总线data width ：数据宽度external speed ：外部速度VESA (Video Electronic Standards Association) ：视频电子标准协会PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) ：外围部件互连USB (Universal Serial Bus) ：通用串行总线二． Important sentences(重点句):1．The data bus transmits data between these units.2．The address bus is used to select the origin or destination of signals transmitted through one of the other buses.3．Traditionally, a standard address bus has 16 lines, that is to say, it can address 64 KB devices (1 KB =1024 in computer jargon ). 4．The control-bus is used for the synchronization of the system. 5．Memory is logically organized into words6．8 bits are called a byte, 4 bits a nibble; there is no other specific word for other sizes of words.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) data bus(2) address-bus(3) control-bus(4) transmit data(5) register(6) address unit2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(8)、(9)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(2)、(3)、(4)4．Put in the missing words:(1)、A computer has two kinds of memory, called main memory and secondary memory.(2)、The most common microcomputer secondary storage medium is floppy disk and hard disk.(3)、In the computer, a byte consists of eight bits, representing 256 unique binary numbers.UNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 5 Floppy Disks一、Vocabulary(词汇):mainframe computer ：主机double density ：倍密度high density ：高密度extended-density ：扩展密度track density ：磁道密度read/write head ：读/写头read/write slot ：读/写槽口二． Important sentences(重点句):1．In 1972, IBM introduced flexible diskettes as a medium for loading programs into mainframe computers. Because the disks were so flexible, they were nicknamed floppy disk.2．Floppy disks , also called diskettes, are available in two size : 3.5 and 5.25 inches.3．Lower-capacity disk drives cannot read from and write to high-capacity disks.4．Floppy disk drivers are commonly referred to as the A drive and the B drive.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) floppy disk drive(2) medium(3) density(4) track(5) kilobyte(6) read/write head2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(3) 、(4)、(9)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(2)、(6)、(8)UNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 6 Hard Disks一、 Vocabulary(词汇):gigabyte ：千兆字节，吉字节actuation arm ：存取臂access arm ：存取臂magnetic oxide material ：磁氧化材料cylinder ：柱面head ：磁头cylinder approach ：柱面操作方式二、Important sentences(重点句):1． Hard disks store data on rigid aluminum or ceramic platters, coated with a magnetic oxide material.2． Cylinders are concentric regions on the hard disk platter with cylinder 0 usually located at the outer edge.3． Cylinder numbers start at zero, so if your hard disk has 900 cylinders, they will be numbered from 0 - 899.4． The heads of a hard disk are used to read and write data.5． Head numbers start at zero, so if your drive has 9 heads, they will be numbered from 0 - 8.6． A sector is the smallest physically addressable unit of storage on a hard disk.7． Sector numbers start at one , so if your drive has 17 sectors on a track, they will be numbered from 1 to 17.三、Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 柱面：cylinder(2) 存取：access(3) 扇区：sector(4) 硬盘：hard disk(5) 千兆字节：gigabyte(6) 兆字节：megabyte2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(4)、(8)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(4)、(6) 、 (7)、(8)4．True/False?(1)、Formatting erases all data on the disk.Answer: True(2)、A 360 KB floppy disk can store approximately 360,000 binary-coded Chinese characters.Answer: False(3)、A write-protected floppy disk cannot possibly carry a virus. Answer: False(4)、A floppy disk is an essential peripheral device; without which a computer cannot operate.Answer: FalseUNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 10 The Keyboard一、Vocabulary(词汇):keypad ：(数字键盘上的)小键punctuation ：标点符号character key ：字母键function key ：功能键numeric key ：数字键upper-case character ：大写字母lower-case character ：小写字母configure ：配置code sequence ：代码序列default code ：缺省代码auxiliary port ：辅助端口(AUX端口)carriage return ：回车linefeed ：换行space character ：空格ASCII ：American Standard Code for Information Interchange 美国信息互换标准代码二． Important sentences(重点句):1．A computer keyboard is so responsive that you can type using a light touch.2．The keys on the keyboard can be divided into three functional groups, known as the Character Keys, Function Keys, and Numeric Keys (on the keypad).3．The Function Keys are used to modify the operation of the terminal. 4．The Numeric Key Pad allows numbers to be entered in the same way you would use a calculator.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 键盘：keyboard(2) 大写字母：upper-case character(3) 功能键：function key(4) 打字机：typewriter(5) 回车：carriage return(6) 速率：speed2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(3)、(4)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)4．Put in the missing words:(1)、Using DOS commands, you can type English letters either in( upper-case or lower-case). They will have the same effect either way.(2)、In a 24*24 dot matrix display , ( 72 ) bytes are used to represent the image of a Chinese character.(3)、The hexadecimal equivalent of decimal 53 is ( 35 ).UNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 11 Color Monitors一、Vocabulary(词汇):convergence ：聚集cabinet ：机壳outlet ：电源插座contrast ：对比度display tube ：显像管vertical/horizontal synchronization ：场/行同步output level ：输出电平analog ：模拟量video analog ：视频模拟TTL (transistor-transistor logic) ：晶体管－晶体管逻辑（电路）AC (alternating current) ：交流电max. (maximum) ：最大值min. (minimum) ：最小值female connector ：连接插座scanning frequency ：扫描频率H(Horizontal)-Phase ：行相位vertical-size ：场幅补充词汇：CRT(Cathode-Ray Tube) display ：阴级射线管显示器LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) ：液晶显示器plasma display ：等离子显示器二． Important sentences(重点句):1．The display area can be moved left or right (horizontally) by rotating the H-phase Control knob.2．The display can be moved up or down (vertically) by rotating the V-size Control knob三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 显示器：display /monitor(2) 显像管：display tube(3) 输出电平：output level(4) 扫描频率：scanning frequency(5) 场同步：vertical synchronization(6) 聚集：convergence2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(2)、(3) 、(10)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(2)、(5)、(6)UNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 12 Printers一、 Vocabulary(词汇):humidity ：湿度parallel ：并行的compatible ：兼容机bubble jet printer ：喷墨打印机magnetic field ：磁场parallel interface ：并行接口interface cable ：接口电缆补充词汇：stylus printer ：针式打印机ink jet printer ：喷墨打印机laser printer ：激光打印机二、Important sentences(重点句):1． Most microcomputer printers print one character at a time, usually at rates ranging from approximately 30 to 180 characters per second. 2． A more reasonable approach is to use a line printer which, as the name implies, prints an entire line at one time instead of character by character.3． Even greater speed can be obtained by using a page printer to churn out complete pages at one time.三、Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 行式打印机：line printer(2) 喷墨打印机：bubble jet printer/ ink jet printer(3) 并行接口：parallel interface(4) 工作环境：operating environment(5) 磁场：magnetic field(6) 接口电缆：interface cable2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(3)、(4)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、(3)、(4)、(5)、(8)UNIT THREE Operating SystemsText 1 The Computer Operating System一、Vocabulary(词汇):time scale ：时段abstraction ：抽象program module ：程序模块operational software (= operating system software) ：操作系统软件logical gate ：逻辑门hierarchy ：多层次等级制listener program ：收听器程序disk head (= head or read/write head ) 读/写头二． Important sentences(重点句):1．The operating system is a collection of program modules that control and manage the system's hardware as well as its software resources, thus enabling you to run application programs on it.2．Operating systems are normally unique to their manufacturers and the hardware in which they are run.3．An operating system spans the entire range of complexity found in a computer system.4．The basic idea is to create a hierarchy of levels of abstraction so that at any level, the operating system module can ignore the details of what is going on at all lower levels.补充内容：主要操作系统软件制造商及其产品：（1） Microsoft Corporation (微软公司) : MS-DOS, Windows 3.2,Windows 9X 系列(Windows 95, Windows 97, Windows98, Windows 98 SE(Second Edition), Windows 98 ME(Millennium Edition))，Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP 等（2） Unix操作系统：IBM (International Business Machines Corporation 国际商用机器公司): PC DOS, z/OS, AIX, OS/400, VM/ESA等SUN ( Standford University Network ) Microsystems (SUN 微系统公司) :Solaris（3） Apple Computer, Inc.（苹果公司）：Mac OS（4） Novell, Inc (Novell公司)：Netware系列（5） Linux操作系统(自由软件)：Red Hat, Inc.（红帽子公司）：Red Hat LinuxRedflag Software Co.,Ltd.（北京中科红旗软件技术有限公司）：红旗Linux Xteam Software (China) Co. Ltd.( Xteam(中国)软件技术有限公司)：XteamLinux中文版.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 操作系统：operating system(2) 应用软件：application software(3) 程序模块：program module(4) 策略：strategy(5) 软件资源：software resource(6) 隔绝：insulate2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(4)、(6)、(10)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、 (3)、(4)、 (5)、(6)4．Answer the following questions briefly:(3)、What is the basic unit for measuring the storage capacity of a computer system?Answer: ByteUNIT THREE Operating SystemsText 2 Disk Operating System - MS-DOS一、Vocabulary(词汇):nucleus ：核心interface ：联系，接口acronym ：首字词command processor ：命令处理程序routine ：例行程序hardware-independent ：不依赖于硬件的device-dependent ：依赖于设备的programming code ：程序代码programming logic ：编程逻辑conventional memory ：常规内存transient module ：过渡模块二． Important sentences(重点句):1．The nucleus of microcomputer is its Operating System.2．The Operating System monitors and controls all input/output and processing activities within a computer system.3．DOS is an acronym for Disk Operating System.4．The best known Disk Operating System is MS-DOS, developed by Microsoft Corporation for the IBM-PC and compatible machines.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 核心：nucleus(2) 实用程序：utility program(3) 监督：monitor(4) 微软公司：Microsoft Corporation(5) 控制：control(6) 任选项：any option2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(2) 、(7)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、(3)、(6)4．Multiple Choice:(1)、__________ controls and manages the system's hardware and software resources, thus enabling a user to use his computer conveniently and efficiently.A． Application softwareB． Operating system softwareC． A text editing or word processing programD． Translator softwareAnswer: BUNIT THREE Operating SystemsText 9 Windows Modes and Basic Elements一、 Vocabulary(词汇):multitasking ：执行多任务的Graphical User Interface (GUI) ：用户图形接口icon ：图标scroll bar ：滚动棒dialog box ：对话框multimedia extension ：多媒体扩展protected mode ：保护模式real mode ：实模式enhanced mode ：增强模式program manager ：程序管理器modem ：调制解调器file manager ：文件管理器补充：resource manager ：资源管理器二、Important sentences(重点句):1． Microsoft Windows is a descendant of MS－DOS and an extension to MS-DOS developed by Microsoft.2． Windows provides a graphical user interface and standard methods for switching among applications, file and program management, windowing, icons, pull-down menus, scroll-bars and dialog boxes ( temporary windows) . 3． Windows is a multitasking operating system and has several advantages over MS-DOS.4． Microcomputers that use the Intel family of CPUS can run in two modes: protected mode and real mode.5． Windows runs in protected mode, but you can also choose to run it in two other modes: 386 enhanced mode and standard mode.6． When working in Windows, your main work area is the desktop.7． File Manager is a tool you can use to organize the files and directories in your computer.8． In File Manager, your files and directories are displayed in a directory window which is split into two parts : the left half displays the directory tree, and the right half displays the contents of the current directory.。
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试题部分
一、Choose the best answer（每题1分，共15分）
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评阅人
1、When you _____the furniture ,please tell me
A will finish to moveB finish to move
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评阅人
A high-level language is an artificial language with which we can write various instructions. This is possible not because computer processors are now so technologically advanced that they can ‘understand’ these languages. You should translate from programming languages into machine language which can be understood by the computer processors. Compilers can accomplish this task. This does mean that a high-level language program is not directly executable: it must be compiled to produce processor program, which is executable.
3、multimedia information4、CAI5、IDE
6、C library 7、AND gate8、loop network
9、mechanism10、memory unit11、communication
12、CDMA13、HDD14、BIOS
15 enterprise resource planning16、ADO
4、I think ____part of the novel is ____interesting than the former
Athe lasቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ ... more Bthe laster ... much more
Cthe lastest ... by far Dthe laster ... much move
C a hard disk onlyD booth floppy and hard disks
14、A record is a collection of related _____
A facts B fields C word D bytes
15、The _____serves as an interface between the user ,the application software ,and the equipment
南昌大学共青学院2013～2014学年第一学期期末考试试卷
试卷编号：( A )卷
考生注意事项：1、本试卷共4页，请查看试卷中是否有缺页或破损。如有立即举手报告以便更换。
2、考试结束后，考生请务必将试卷和草稿纸交给监考教师。
课程编号：课程名称：计算机专业英语考试形式：闭卷
适用班级：11软件11计网姓名：学号：班级：
A virtual machines B multiprocessing
C multiprogrammingDsingle program
10、A _____network can be useful when the processing is not done at a central site ,but at local sites.
17、AGP18、JVM19、DEL
20、ROM 21、SIMM 22、LEA
23、LSIC24、ODBC25、a times b
26、pattern recognition 27、LAN 28、FTP
29、DSL 30、decision support system
三、translate the following words and expressions into english（每题2分共40分）
C will finish movingD have finished moving
2、You must be more careful and make _______possible _____your exercise
A as fewer mistakes as………on B as little mistakes as………about
C application programs D language translators
7、They _____together when a young Frenchman brought a friend to their bale
A drankB drunkC were drinkingD were drunken
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评阅人
1.病毒2.软盘3 .电源管理
4.写周期5.统计字段6.下载文件
7.帮组菜单8.数据结构9.响应
10.图形技术11.点阵打印机12.电源
13.数据类型14.只读光驱
15.系统板16.项目文件
17.活动分区18.算术逻辑运算
19.总线锁定20.页模式
四、translate the followingmaterial（15分）
5、_____was the population of Europe in 1990?
A whatB how many C whichD how much
6、_____do not belong to the system’s software
A operating system B control unit
A operating systemBcontrol unit
Capplication programD hardware
二、translate the following expressions into chinese（每题1分，共30分）
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评阅人
1、a is less than b2、AC power line
8、The teacher _____ here since he came in1980
A is used to living B used to live
C has got used to living D has been used to living
9、A_____operating system allows a single computer to run two or more different operatingsystems.
C as few mistakes as………inD as little mistakes as………at
3“_____”will you finish the job?”“_____”
A how long…. two days laterB how often…. two days before
C how soon…. in two daysD when…. two days ago
A star B ringCeither a or bD none of the above
11、A field ,also called a data item or data element , is a_____
A word B fields C byte D fact
12、_____file organization means that records are stored one after the other ,normally in ascending or descending order ,based on a value in each record called key .
A DirectB SequentialC IndexedD Relative
13、In order to present images and sounds stored on a CD-ROM disc,we need_____
A the driving programB a floppy disk only