2019年考研必背常考英语词组(二)

2019年考研必背常考英语词组（二）必背词组——短语动词benefit from通过……获益；从……中受益；得益于[真]得益于2008年阅读Text4Which of the following is true according to the text?[A]Some Founding Father benefit politically from slavery.[B]Slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote.[C]Slave owners usually had large saving accounts.[D]Slavery was regarded as a peculiar institution.blame on把责任推给……；归咎于[真]归咎于2013年翻译When we are deprived of green,of plants,of trees,most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions,until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic.bring about引起；导致[真]引起2007年阅读Text3It can be inferred from the last paragraph that.[A]financial risks tend to outweigh political risks [B]the middle class may face greater political challenges[C]financial problems may bring about political problems[D]financial responsibility is an indicator of political status必背词组——其他词组be applicable to适用于；适当；可实施[真]适用于2005年阅读Text2The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking because.[A]they both suffered from the government’s negligence[B]a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former[C]the outcome from the latter aggravates the former[D]both of them have turned from bad to worsebe biased against有偏见[真]有偏见2014年阅读Text4The author implies in Paragraph5that professors are.[A]supportive of free markets[B]cautious about intellectual investigation[C]conservative about public policy[D]biased against classical liberal ideasbe busy with忙于[例]忙于As often as I visit her,she is always busy with work.because of因为，由于[真]因为，由于2012年阅读Text2Now the company is suddenly claiming that the2002agreement is invalid because of the2006 legislation,and that only the federal government has regulatory power over nuclear issues.be cautious about对……谨慎[真]对……谨慎2014年阅读Text4The author implies in Paragraph5that professors are.[A]supportive of free markets[B]cautious about intellectual investigation[C]conservative about public policy[D]biased against classical liberal ideasbe concerned with参与；干预；关心；关于[例]关心If we were not able to picture the world in a hundred years or more,would we be concerned with global warming?be confronted with面对[例]面对Be confronted with the past with the least regret.Be confronted with the present with the least waste. Be confronted with the future with the most dreams.be conscious of知道；意识到；察觉到[例]意识到We won't be conscious of how important something is until the moment we lose it.be considered as被认为是；被看作[真]被看作2009年翻译Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted,and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.be dependent on依靠；依赖；取决于……；有赖于……[真]有赖于……2000年翻译In any case,all such interventions are heavily dependent on scientific advice and also scientific and technological manpower factor in the conduct of the institution.be deprived of被剥夺；丧失；不能享有[真]不能享有2014年阅读Text4The commission ignores that for several decades America’s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits.be dominant over支配；主导；控制[真]控制2013年阅读Text4What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A]Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B]Justices intended to check the power of the Administration.[C]Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination With Congress.[D]The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.be eager to盼望；渴望；热切想做[真]热切想做2011年阅读Text3Consumers may create“earned”media when they are.[A]obsessed with online shopping at certain Web sites[B]inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them[C]eager to help their friends promote quality products[D]enthusiastic about recommending their favourite productsbe entitled to有……的资格；有权[真]有……的资格2010年翻译Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and,if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.be exposed to暴露于(险境)；遭受(危险或不快)；受……的影响(或熏陶)；接触[真]遭受(危险或不快)2011年阅读Text4It is suggested in Paragraph3that childless folks.[A]are constantly exposed to criticism[B]are largely ignored by the media[C]fail to fulfill their social responsibilities[D]are less likely to be satisfied with their lifebe generous to对……慷慨[真]对……慷慨2014年阅读Text1What prompted the chancellor to develop his scheme?[A]A desire to secure a better life for all. [B]An eagerness to protect the unemployed.[C]An urge to be generous to the claimants.[D]A passion to ensure fairness for taxpayers.be immune to(对疾病)免疫，有免疫力；不受影响[真]不受影响2010年阅读Text2We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents.[A]are immune to legal challenges[B]are often unnecessarily issued[C]lower the esteem for patent holders[D]increase the incidence of risksbe inclined to倾向于；想要[真]倾向于2005年阅读Text1Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are.[A]more inclined to weigh what they get[B]attentive to researchers‘instructions[C]nice in both appearance and temperament[D]more generous than their male companionsbe interested in对……感兴趣；有兴趣；关心[真]对……感兴趣2013年阅读Text1People are more interested in unaffordable garments.be likely to可能[真]可能2011年阅读Text4It is suggested in Paragraph3that childless folks.[A]are constantly exposed to criticism[B]are largely ignored by the media[C]fail to fulfill their social responsibilities[D]are less likely to be satisfied with their lifebe obliged to不得不；必须；感激；感谢[真]感激2004年翻译We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished,as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.be obsessed with痴迷于……[真]痴迷于……2011年阅读Text3Consumers may create“earned”media when they are.[A]obsessed with online shopping at certain Web sites[B]inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them[C]eager to help their friends promote quality products[D]enthusiastic about recommending their favourite productsbe puzzled by对……迷惑；困惑[真]对……迷惑2009年阅读Text4The story of John Dane shows that less well educated NewEnglanders were often.[A]influenced by superstitions[B]troubled with religious beliefs[C]puzzled by church sermons[D] frustrated with family earningsbe regarded as被认为；被看作[真]被看作2008年阅读Text4Which of the following is true according to the text?[A]Some Founding Fathers benefit politically from slavery.[B]Slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote.[C]Slave owners usually had large savings.[D]Slavery was regarded as a peculiar institution.be resistant to反对；抵制；抗拒；有抵抗力；不受……损害[真]抗拒2006年阅读Text1The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S..[A]are resistant to homogenization[B]exert a great influence on American culture[C]are hardly a threat to the common culture[D] constitute the majority of the populationbe satisfied with对……满意；满足于；称心[真]对……满意2011年阅读Text4It is suggested in Paragraph3that childless folks.[A]are constantly exposed to criticism[B]are largely ignored by the media[C]fail to fulfill their social responsibilities[D]are less likely to be satisfied with their lifebe second to仅次于……[真]仅次于……2004年阅读Text4What does the author think of intellect?[A]It is second to intelligence.[B]It evolves from common sense.[C]It is to be pursued.[D]It underlies power.be subject to受……影响；易遭受；受……支配；服从[真]受……支配2012年阅读Text2In2006,the state went a step further,requiring that any extension of the plant’s license be subject to Vermont legislature’s approval.be unlikely to不太可能；未必会发生[真]不太可能2011年完型But despite some claims to the contrary,laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does produce short-term changes in the function of theheart and its blood vessels,boosting heart rate and oxygen consumption.But because hard laughter is difficult to sustain,a good laugh is unlikely to have measurable benefits the way,say,walking or jogging does.be unprepared for无准备；没有预料；措手不及；不乐意；不情愿[真]无准备2007年完型Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was unprepared for self-rule and democracy.be vulnerable to脆弱的；易感染(某种疾病)；易受伤害；易受影响[真]易受影响2006年阅读Text3The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that.[A]large animals were vulnerable to the changing environment[B]small species survived as large animals disappeared[C]large sea animals may face the same threat today[D]slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing onesbe willing to乐意；愿意[例]愿意He added that if I were ever in India,he would be willing to see me and”enjoy togetherness”.be worth doing值得(拥有)；具有(某一行动)的价值；值得(做)[例]值得(做)The question is not worth discussing again and again.by accident偶然；意外[例]偶然I ran into an old friend by accident yesterday in the park.by all means(表示许可)好的；当然可以[例]当然可以“May I borrow your bike?”“By all means.”by chance偶然地；意外地[例]偶然地Everything happens for a reason.Nothing happens by chance or by means of good luck.by/in contrast相比之下；与……相反；与……截然不同；与……对比鲜明[例]相比之下He had almost failed the exam,but his sister,by contrast,had done very well.by means of用；以；通过……[真]通过……2000年翻译Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problem arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.by nature生性；按其固有的性质；就其本质[例]生性He was very generous by nature.by way of作为……；采用……方法；通过；经由；取道[例]经由He is traveling to London by way of France.[例]通过It is good to learn English by way of listening and speaking.识记词组——短语动词back up后退；支持；备份的，后备的(back-up)[例]后退The crowd was ordered to back up three Paces.[例]支持Whatever happens,I will back you up.[真]备份的，后备的(back-up)2007年阅读Text3As a result,they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback--a back-up earner (usually Mom)who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off,or fell sick.bear/keep in mind牢记；记住[真]牢记2012年阅读Text2But as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission(NRC)reviews the company's application,it should keep in mind what promises from Entergy are worth.bear out证实；支持[真]证实2012年翻译Neither of these patterns is borne out by the analysis,suggesting that the structures of the languages are lineage-specific and not governed by universals.begin with从……开始[真]从……开始2004年阅读Text2Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.benefit by受益[例]受益Some employers,such as his university,already benefit by offering a great deal of flexibility,he said. bet on打赌；希望；期待[真]期待2006年段落信息匹配David Williams'suit should trouble this gambling nation.But don't bet on it.bid for投标；努力争取[例]努力争取To bid for the2008Olympic Games,Beijing is waiting for such a chance to contribute her part to the Olympic culture as a whole.boast of/about自夸；夸耀[例]自夸It was the enemy's boast of impregnability that caused their own defeat.Do not boast about tomorrow,for you do not know what a day may bring forth.break up结束(婚姻关系)；(婚姻关系)破裂；解散；拆开；打碎；分解[例](婚姻关系)破裂Their marriage broke up.[例]解散The crowd broke up.[真]拆开2012年阅读Text1It's like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates.bring/carry/put into effect实行；实施[真]实施2000年段落信息匹配As a result of all these factors governments are becoming increasingly dependent on biologists andsocial scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting them into effect.bring forth产生；提出[例]提出Did you bring forth your suggestion at the meeting yesterday?bring in赚得；挣(钱)；引入[真]赚得2006年阅读Text2It is the playgoers,the RSC Contends,who bring in much of the town's revenue because they spend the night(some of them four or five nights)pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.bring into带进；使开始[例]带进Appreciate what others bring into your life and how they help shape your life.bring out激发；阐明；出版；推出(产品)[例]推出(产品)The company will bring out a new car next month.[真]激发2011年翻译In fact,circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been "wronged"then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation.bring together集合[真]集合2006年阅读Text2In Europe as elsewhere,multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television,radio,newspapers,magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.build on/upon把……建立于；以……为基础[真]以……为基础2010年阅读Text3Building on this basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics of social influence by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations,manipulating a number of variables relating to people's ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced.burn down烧毁；(把……)烧成平地[例]烧毁A fire burned the house down.burn out烧坏；烧尽[例]烧尽The candle burnt out.burn up烧毁；烧起来；烧得更旺[例]烧毁My father has burnt up old letters.[例]烧得更旺Put some wood on the fire and make it burn up.burst into突然……起来；突然发作[例]突然……起来Maria looked at the picture,and then to my surprise she burst into shouts of laughter.burst out突然发生；突然……起来；大声叫喊[例]大声叫喊"Get out！"she burst out.burst upon/on突然来到；突然出现[例]突然出现A sound burst upon our ears.buy into购买(公司或机构)的股份[例]购买(公司或机构)的股份She has bought into a shoe-repair shop.buy off贿赂；收买[例]收买If you’re trying to buy me off,I’m afraid you’ve come to the wrong person.buy out买下全部股权或产权；出钱使(某人)免掉服役[例]买下全部股权或产权Having bought out all his partners,he now owns the whole store.buy up大量买进；全部买下[例]大量买进America‘s new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive.识记词组——其他词组back and forth反复地；来回地[例]来回地He said that he had been shuttling back and forth between Texas and Louisiana for the past few years. [例]来回地He walked in the room back and forth and said nothing.bad debt呆账(收不回的账)[真]呆账(收不回的账)2010年阅读Text4Today they argue that market prices overstate losses,because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets,not the likely extent of bad debts.badly off贫困的；(for)缺少[例]贫困的He is not as badly off as you think.[例](for)缺少Many schools in rural areas are badly off for teachers.be able to能；会[真]能2009年阅读Text3Thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education.[真]能Clearly,only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going to be able to compete in such a rich and hotly-contested market.be addicted to沉迷于；对……上瘾[真]对……上瘾2006年完型Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs.be aware of了解；觉察到；意识到[真]了解2009年完型Above all,they would hope to study a fundamental question:Are humans actually aware of the world they live in?[例]意识到I was not aware of the danger.be beneficial to有益于[真]有益于2001年阅读Text4All these are beneficial,not detrimental,to consumers.be bothered with被……烦扰[真]被……烦扰2011年阅读Text4Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn't have had Kids,but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gapingbaby-size holes in their lives.be bound to必定；一定[例]必定Confucius said"If three men are walking together,one of them is bound to be good enough to be my teacher.”be bound up with与……密切相关[真]与……密切相关2000年翻译Furthermore,it is obvious that the strength of a country's economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry,and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.be central to对……来说是很重要的[例]对……来说是很重要的When people talk about climate change they know that China is going to be central to any solution to that global problem.be different from与……不同[真]与……不同2005年翻译This entails reducing our dependence on the North American market,whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions which are different from our own.be crucial to对……至关重要[真]对……至关重要2013年阅读Text3Secrecy is crucial to this police operation.be characterized by以……为特征[真]以……为特征2009年段落信息匹配He argued that human evolution was characterized by a struggle he called the"survival of the fittest"in which weaker races and societies must eventually be replaced by stronger,more advanced races and societies.be disappointed at对……失望[例]对……失望They might be disappointed at you for a little time,but they will get over it eventually.be distracted by对……心烦意乱；被……分心[例]被……分心You may need a lot of imagination to see that,because you‘re going to be distracted by the weird motion of the other two objects.be enrolled in入伍；入学[真]入学2000年阅读Text5The journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life,whose own children are enrolled in private schools.be equal to与……相当[真]与……相当2008年阅读Text1In several of the studies,when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries(the female reproductive organs)removed,their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.be equipped for准备好；为……做好准备[例]为……做好准备To be equipped for conflict.according to Phillips,requires"self-anaesthesia",which he sees as a dominant motif in postwar British life.be equivalent to等同于；相当于[真]相当于2011年阅读Text4In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation,is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing?be essential to对……必不可少的；非常重要的[真]非常重要的2010年翻译It tends to ignore,and thus eventually to eliminate,many elements in the land community that lack commercial value,but that are essential to its healthy functioning.be faced with面对[例]面对。